With the vast nature of the English language, it’s natural that some words have overlapping meanings, or one word may have a very similar meaning to another word. And while these overlapping words are already a lot, you might also be confused about what to call these alike meaning words.
The word ‘synonyms’ is the most preferred way to describe two words that mean the same. ‘Synonym’ is straightforward with its meaning that when two words are synonymous, it means two words have almost or the same exact definition. Thus, making it the most appropriate word in any context.
Synonyms
Calling two words ‘synonymous’ is one way to indicate that two words mean the same thing. The word ‘synonym’ also follows an equal definition. However, it would be good to note that not all synonyms exactly mean the same, and there is still a most appropriate word for any context.
For example, ‘thin’ and ‘narrow’ maybe synonymous in a way. However, it seems off to describe a person as narrow or a road as thin. In that way, even if the two words mean the same, there is still a more preferred or appropriate word in a given context. It’s best to describe the road as narrow and a person as thin or skinny. But another synonym for the two words would be slim or slender, which we can use to describe either a person or a road.
Words Alike
Describing two words as ‘alike’ is another way of saying that the two are synonymous. In other contexts, it could also mean that two things are similar in a way. Many also prefer to use ‘alike’ as it still means similar, but does not imply exact duplicates.
The word ‘alike’ is also versatile as it is not only used to describe two words, but other things that are similar to each other. In the context of words or synonyms, we say ‘brave’ and ‘courageous’ are two words alike. But, we can also say ‘both of you look alike’ or ‘the two of them dress alike’ to express similarity in visuals and fashion, respectively. Thus, saying two words are alike is another way of saying they mean the same thing.
Similar Words
The words ‘alike’ and ‘similar’ are synonyms, and in this context, they mean the exact same thing. Like ‘alike,’ describing two words as similar means that the two words have definitions that are almost the same or in some way alike, but it does not imply exactly the same.
The only difference between using ‘similar’ and ‘alike’ is the grammar rules or how we structure them in a sentence. We usually say that two words are alike, but when we use ‘similar,’ we say that the two are similar words. So, we say, ‘beautiful and pretty are words alike,’ but we say ‘beautiful and pretty are similar words.’ Despite this difference, the two phrases and words are still synonymous and mean the exact same.
Likewise
‘Likewise’ is another synonym for ‘alike’ and ‘similar,’ and these three words mean that two words are alike or in the same way. Saying that two words are likewise is like saying that one word is also another. However, saying there are limitations in saying two words are likewise.
Saying that two words are likewise may imply that the two words mean exactly the same. For example, saying that ‘long and tall are likewise’ is the same as saying ‘long is also tall’ and implies that the two are interchangeable. However, saying that a person is tall may not have the same meaning as saying a person is long (this may also be totally improper and inappropriate). So, it’s best to use ‘likewise’ only for words that mean the exact same.
Parallel Words
Describing two words as parallel is another way of saying the two are synonymous. However, there are limitations to saying this, as it implies that the two are exactly the same or their meanings are exact duplicates of one another, just like how parallel lines are.
The limitation in using the term ‘parallel’ is that not all synonymous words may exactly be the same as another. It means that they are similar but not exactly parallel. For example, ‘happy and joyful are parallel words,’ meaning they are exactly the same in this particular context. However, you can’t say ‘nerdy and smart are parallel words’ because the two words may not mean exactly the same. Smart may be a compliment, while nerdy may come off as something offensive.
Equal/Equivalent
Like the word ‘parallel,’ using the word ‘equal’ or ‘equivalent’ implies that two words mean exactly the same thing. In Math, equal or equivalent terms are usually interchangeable in positions. In the same way, saying words are equal implies that they are interchangeable with each other.
Using the term equal or equivalent may not be applicable in all cases, as not all synonyms are always interchangeable in all contexts. For example, the word ugly and horrible may be equals or equivalents when describing a person’s looks. However, ugly is not an appropriate equivalent of horrible when describing the taste of a food.
Describing two words are the ‘same’ is a graver version of saying two words are ‘similar’ or ‘alike.’ Unlike the two latter words, the word ‘same’ emphasizes or implies that the two given words are exactly the same. It’s another way of saying the two are equal or parallel.
However, describing something as ‘the same’ is not always applicable and varies depending on the context. In one context where two words are interchangeable, ‘Dirty and filthy are the same’ for example, here, ‘same’ works. However, there are also synonymous and similar words that aren’t exactly the same and are not interchangeable with each other.
Identical Words
Describing two words as ‘identical’ strongly implies that the two are exactly the same. A simple analogy for this is that, identical twins are usually twins that are almost exact duplicates of each other. In the same way, identical words imply they are duplicates or totally the same.
However, not all words are always the same. So, using ‘identical’ actually needs more caution, especially since it may give off a wrong meaning that two words are precisely the same but may not be the case all the time. For example saying ‘charm and beauty are identical words’ may be true for some individuals or in a given context, but it may not be the case for others or other contexts.
Interchangeable Words
Saying two words are interchangeable directly means that the words are synonymous and interchangeable. It simply means that you could use both words in the given context. Given this, though, we only use it for two words that are precisely the same and appropriate for the said context.
For example, saying that ‘beautiful and pretty are interchangeable’ directly implies that you can use either of the two words in your sentence or the context you want to use it. However, we only use ‘interchangeable’ for two words that are precisely the same and interchangeable with each other, without any change of meaning.
Redundant
We say words are redundant when they are put in the same sentence but mean the same thing. ‘Redundant’ actually means exceeding what is necessary, meaning there are more than the needed words to describe what you want to do so. In the same way, one can redact redundant words.
An example of redundancy is saying, ‘she was shy and bashful during the first day.’ Here, ‘shy’ and ‘bashful’ may be redundant as they mean the same thing. While keeping the sentence as is works also, one may also remove redundancy by keeping only one of the two words, and discarding or redacting the other.
Tautologous
Saying a phrase is tautologous is another way of saying that it is redundant, implying that there is an unneeded repetition of ideas in a sentence. Though these words are usually redundant, there are different tautologous phrases that we often use in everyday conversations.
An example of a tautologous phrase would be ‘adequate enough.’ Essentially, adequate and enough have the same meaning of being as much as required or needed. So, putting ‘adequate’ and ‘enough’ together may seem redundant, but many speakers still use it in various contexts and daily conversations.
Pleonasm
Pleonasm is more of a linguistic style and expression. It is using redundant phrases and words, more words than necessary, to emphasize meaning and add more style. The word pleonasm, in it’s Latin origin, already means to be excessive, and so pleonasm also means being excessive in redundant phrases.
An example of pleonasm is saying ‘burning fire.’ Saying ‘burning’ and ‘fire’ becomes redundant, as saying ‘fire’ in itself already means it is burning. Another would be the phrase ‘hear with my own ears,’ which becomes redundant as the ears is the only way one can hear.
You may also like: 10 Terms For Two Words That Contradicts Each Other
Martin holds a Master’s degree in Finance and International Business. He has six years of experience in professional communication with clients, executives, and colleagues. Furthermore, he has teaching experience from Aarhus University. Martin has been featured as an expert in communication and teaching on Forbes and Shopify. Read more about Martin here.
Homophones are words that sound alike, but are different in spelling and meaning. English is a crazy language where one word can have different meanings and different words can be pronounced alike. This craziness is most evident in English Homophones.
Examples of English homophones
The following riddle offers an interesting example of the use of homophones:
Anyone who has read Shakespeare’s Macbeth will never forget the Three Witches, with their chappy fingers, skinny lips and beards. But what if you happen to see them all together? Will you be able to recognize each one of them?
Oh! No. You won’t be able to say which witch is which.
Meaning of the word homophone
The word ‘homophone’ is formed by combining Greek words homos which means ‘same’ and phone which means ‘sound’. So a homophone is “a word pronounced the same as another.”
Here is an extensive list of Homophones in English. Search a word to find other words that are pronounced alike.
More Homophone Riddles
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Summary:
This resource covers common spelling errors including accept/except, ei/ie, noun plurals, and –ible/able.
Many words sound alike but mean different things when put into writing. This list will help you distinguish between some of the more common words that sound alike. Click on any of the blue underlined links to open a longer and more complete definition of the word in a new window.
Forms to remember
Accept, Except
- accept = verb meaning to receive or to agree:
He accepted their praise graciously.
- except = preposition meaning all but, other than:
Everyone went to the game except Alyson.
We are currently updating these resources, but for more information on these words, plus exercises, see our document on accept and except.
Affect, Effect
- affect = verb meaning to influence:
Will lack of sleep affect your game?
- effect = noun meaning result or consequence:
Will lack of sleep have an effect on your game?
- effect = verb meaning to bring about, to accomplish:
Our efforts have effected a major change in university policy.
A memory-aid for affect and effect is RAVEN: Remember, Affect is a Verb and Effect is a Noun.
We are currently updating these resources, but for more information on these words, plus exercises, see our document on affect and effect.
Advise, Advice
- advise = verb that means to recommend, suggest, or counsel:
I advise you to be cautious.
- advice = noun that means an opinion or recommendation about what could or should be done:
I’d like to ask for your advice on this matter.
Conscious, Conscience
- conscious= adjective meaning awake, perceiving:
Despite a head injury, the patient remained conscious.
- conscience = noun meaning the sense of obligation to be good:
Chris wouldn’t cheat because his conscience wouldn’t let him.
Idea, Ideal
- idea = noun meaning a thought, belief, or conception held in the mind, or a general notion or conception formed by generalization:
Jennifer had a brilliant idea—she’d go to the Writing Lab for help with her papers!
- ideal = noun meaning something or someone that embodies perfection, or an ultimate object or endeavor:
Mickey was the ideal for tutors everywhere.
- ideal = adjective meaning embodying an ultimate standard of excellence or perfection, or the best:
Jennifer was an ideal student.
Its, It’s
- its = possessive adjective (possessive form of the
pronoun it):The crab had an unusual growth on its shell.
- it’s = contraction for it is or it has (in a verb phrase):
It’s still raining; it’s been raining for three days.
(Pronouns have apostrophes only when two words are being shortened into one.)
Lead, Led
- lead = noun referring to a dense metallic element:
The X-ray technician wore a vest lined with lead.
- led = past-tense and past-participle form of the verb to lead, meaning to guide or direct:
The evidence led the jury to reach a unanimous decision.
Than, Then
Than | used in comparison statements: He is richer than I. used in statements of preference: I would rather dance than eat. used to suggest quantities beyond a specified amount: Read more than the first paragraph. |
Then | a time other than now: He was younger then. She will start her new job then. next in time, space, or order: First we must study; then we can play. suggesting a logical conclusion: If you’ve studied hard, then the exam should be no problem. |
Their, There, They’re
- Their = possessive pronoun:
They got their books.
- There = that place:
My house is over there.
(This is a place word, and so it contains the word here.)
- They’re = contraction for they are:
They’re making dinner.
(Pronouns have apostrophes only when two words are being shortened into one.)
To, Too, Two
- To = preposition, or first part of the infinitive form of a verb:
They went to the lake to swim.
- Too = very, also:
I was too tired to continue. I was hungry, too.
- Two = the number 2:
Two students scored below passing on the exam.
Two, twelve, and between are all words related to the number 2, and all contain the letters tw.
Too can mean also or can be an intensifier, and you might say that it contains an extra o («one too many»)
We’re, Where, Were
- We’re = contraction for we are:
We’re glad to help.
(Pronouns have apostrophes only when two words are being shortened into one.)
- Where = location:
Where are you going?
(This is a place word, and so it contains the word here.)
- Were = a past tense form of the verb be:
They were walking side by side.
Your, You’re
- Your = possessive pronoun:
Your shoes are untied.
- You’re = contraction for you are:
You’re walking around with your shoes untied.
(Pronouns have apostrophes only when two words are being shortened into one.)
I/E Rule
Write I before E
Except after C
Or when it sounds like an A
As in «neighbor» and «weigh»
i before e: relief, believe, niece, chief, sieve, frieze, field, yield
e before i: receive, deceive, ceiling, conceit, vein, sleigh, freight, eight
Exceptions
seize, either, weird, height, foreign, leisure, conscience, counterfeit, forfeit, neither, science, species, sufficient
Please see our exercises to practice these rules.
-ible, -able Rule
-ible | -able |
If the root is not a complete word, add -ible.
aud + ible = audible Examples:
|
If the root is a complete word, add -able.
accept + able = acceptable Examples:
If the root is a complete word ending in -e, drop the final -e and add -able. excuse — e+ able = excusable Examples:
|
Some exceptions:
- contemptible
- digestible
- flexible
- responsible
- irritable
- inevitable
Try some exercises for spelling -ible and -able correctly.
Please note we are in the process of revising our exercises. They will eventually be altered to reflect those revisions.
The English language has many confusing words. Some words may look alike; some may sound alike, or some may sound and look alike. However similar these sounds are they may have different meanings and origins. Confusing these words is a very easy mistake to make. Such easily confused words are one of the major challenges faced by English learners as well as native English speakers.
Words that sound alike
Words that have identical pronunciation are known as homophones in linguistics. Although these words sound alike, they have different spellings and meanings. Stair and stare, feet and feat, right and write, waist and waste are some examples of homophones.
Words that look alike
Words that have identical spellings, but different meanings are known as homographs. Read, wound, right, etc. are some examples of homographs.
Words that look and sound alike
Words that look and sound are the trickiest of all. There is often no way to identify the difference other than looking at the context.
In addition, there are also some words that have minor differences in spellings and pronunciation and major differences in meaning. These kinds of words also confuse many of use.
All in all, confusing words are one of the trickiest areas in a language. This is why we have compiled these easily confused words as a list. You can browse through these word pairs and find more information about their meaning, function and the usage.
Adapt vs Adopt
Advice vs Advise
Adverse vs Averse
Aisle vs Isle
Affect vs Effect
Affirm vs Confirm
Allowed vs Aloud
Already vs All Ready
Altar vs Alter
Alternate vs Alternative
Amend vs Emend
Among vs Amongst
Amoral vs Immoral
Apart vs A part
Assent vs Ascent
Assume vs Presume
Aural vs Oral
Bath vs Bathe
Belief vs Believe
Breath vs Breathe
Brought vs Bought
Born vs Borne
Cite vs Site
Capital vs Capitol
Classic vs Classical
Complain vs Complaint
Compliment vs Complement
Chose vs Choose
Cord vs Chord
Desert vs Dessert
Discreet vs Discrete
Dual vs Duel
Elicit vs Illicit
Emigrant vs Immigrant
Epic vs Epoch
Fair vs Fare
Farther vs Further
Few vs a few
Flair vs Flare
Forego vs Forgo
Imminent vs Eminent
In vs Inside
Incident vs Incidence
Invoke vs Evoke
Into vs In To
Lay vs Lie
Laying vs Lying
Later vs Latter
Led vs Lead
Life vs Live
Little vs a little
Light vs Lite
Look and See
Lose vs Loss
Lose vs Loose
Madam vs Madame
Make vs Madame
My vs Mine
Non vs None
Optimum vs Optimal
Pale vs Pail
Plain vs Plane
Prerequisite vs Requisite
Practise vs Practice
Principal vs Principle
Proceed vs Precede
Proof vs Prove
Quiet vs Quiet
Rise vs Raise
Rise vs Arise
Rite vs Right
Right vs Wright
Safe vs Save
Sleep vs Asleep
Spend vs Spent
Stationary vs Stationery
Suit vs Suite
Sore vs Soar
Sort vs Sought
Their vs There
Then vs Than
Threw vs Through
Wave vs Waive
Wander vs Wonder
Weather vs Whether
While vs Whilst
Who’s vs Whose
Your vs You’re
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When you write in Japanese kana, you might have difficulty adjusting to the Roman alphabet. Spelling can be tough. So let us help with that. Here are word pairs that look alike, and sometimes also sound alike, but have entirely different meanings.
In English, spelling is an important factor in ensuring that the person you are talking to will be able to understand what you are saying. Imagine saying affect when you mean effect, or perfect rather than prefect.
There are words that look alike, and sometimes also sound alike, but would have entirely different meanings. To help you with these words, we’ve compiled a short list of some of the commonly confused words in the English language.
- Affect – Effect
B2 Affect: to influence something | o TV programs affect children. |
B1 Effect: result | o TV programs have an effect on children. |
- Access – Assess
B2 Access: to get information | o Can I access the files in your computer? |
B2 Assess: to judge | o Can you assess the essay I wrote? |
- Altar – Alter
Altar: a church table | o He put the wine glass on the altar. |
B2 Alter: to judge | o He added lime to the wine to alter its taste. |
- Anemia – Amnesia
Anemia: a blood condition | o He had anemia due to lack of sleep. |
Amnesia: memory-loss | o He had amnesia due to a car accident. |
- Capital – Capitol
A2 Capital: a major city | o I live in the country’s capital. |
Capitol: a government building | o I go to work in the capitol. |
- Complement – Compliment
Complement: to make something look better | o The blue earrings complement her eyes. |
C2 Compliment: to say a positive comment | o He complimented her earrings. |
- Dual – Duel
C1 Dual: two parts | o My phone is dual purpose: for communication and for games. |
?? Duel: a fight | o My sister and I almost had a duel because of the phone. |
- Farther – Further
B2 Farther: more (distance) | o My sister can bike farther than I can. |
B2 Further: more (idea or explanation) | o My sister described the park further. |
- Martial – Marital
Martial: relating to war-like conditions | o The country is under martial rule. |
Marital: relating to marriage | o He experienced marital problems with his old wife. |
- Natural – Neutral
B1 Natural: from nature | o The company produces natural products. |
C1 Neutral: no opinion | o The manager was neutral about the issue. |
- Naval – Navel
C2 Naval: relating to the sea or the navy | o Her father is a naval officer. |
Navel: the hole in the middle of the stomach | o His navel is quite dirty. |
- Perfect – Prefect
A2 Perfect: without error | o My look seems perfect. |
Prefect: an officer | o He is the campus prefect. |
- Principal – Principle
B1 Principal: main | o His principal reason for inventing the telephone was to talk to his loved ones. |
C1 Principle: an idea that explains something | o His invention followed engineering principles. |
- Stationary – Stationery
Stationary: not moving | o The train remained stationary at the last station. |
?? Stationery: writing materials | o She brought stationery to the trip. |
- Wreak – Wreck
Wreak: to cause damage or problems | o The fire will wreak destruction to the city. |
C2 Wreck: to damage or destroy | o The cranes will wreck homes. |
We hope this list can help you with your spelling and word usage to avoid misunderstandings or confusion. And always remember that when in doubt, you can always consult the dictionary first.
*Levels based on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages.
**Most dictionaries contain “word usage” or usage examples to verify if the word in question is the right one to use.
Reference
Bell, Masha. (2017). Homophones with different spellings. English Spelling. Retrieved from http://englishspellingproblems.blogspot.com/2013/02/homophones-with-different-spellings.html
Whitten, Richard. (2017). 9 English Word Pairs That Confuse Absolutely Everyone. FluentU. Retrieved from http://www.fluentu.com/english/blog/confusing-word-pairs-in-english/
Rennie Palada
Rennie once won a sword in a writing contest. She wants to relive that exhilarating feeling of other people appreciating what she does by trying her darndest to keep writing. She has pictures of the VSauce boys and All Might and Deku (Boku no Hero Academia) on her desk to keep her motivated.