Word partnership meaning of

A partnership is an arrangement where parties, known as business partners, agree to cooperate to advance their mutual interests. The partners in a partnership may be individuals, businesses, interest-based organizations, schools, governments or combinations. Organizations may partner to increase the likelihood of each achieving their mission and to amplify their reach. A partnership may result in issuing and holding equity or may be only governed by a contract.

History[edit]

Partnerships have a long history; they were already in use in medieval times in Europe and in the Middle East. According to a 2006 article, the first partnership was implemented in 1383 by Francesco di Marco Datini, a merchant of Prato and Florence. The Covoni company (1336-40) and the Del Buono-Bencivenni company (1336-40) have also been referred to as early partnerships, but they were not formal partnerships.^[1]

In Europe, the partnerships contributed to the Commercial Revolution which started in the 13th century. In the 15th century the cities of the Hanseatic League would mutually strengthen each other; a ship from Hamburg to Gdansk would not only carry its own cargo but was also commissioned to transport freight for other members of the league. This practice not only saved time and money, but also constituted a first step toward partnership. This capacity to join forces in reciprocal services became a distinctive feature, and a long lasting success factor, of the Hanseatic team spirit.^[2]

A close examination of medieval trade in Europe shows that numerous significant credit based trades were not bearing interest. Hence, pragmatism and common sense called for a fair compensation for the risk of lending money, and a compensation for the opportunity cost of lending money without using it for other fruitful purposes. In order to circumvent the usury laws edicted by the Church, other forms of reward were created, in particular through the widespread form of partnership called commenda, very popular with Italian merchant bankers.^[3] Florentine merchant banks were almost sure to make a positive return on their loans, but this would be before taking into account solvency risks.

In the Middle East, the Qirad and Mudarabas institutions developed when trade with the Levant, namely the Ottoman Empire and the Muslim Near East, flourished and when early trading companies, contracts, bills of exchange and long-distance international trade were established.^[4] After the fall of the Roman Empire, the Levant trade revived in the 10th to 11th centuries in Byzantine Italy. The eastern and western Mediterranean formed part of a single commercial civilization in the Middle Ages, and the two regions were economically interdependent through trade (in varying degrees).^[5]

The Mongols adopted and developed the concepts of liability in relation to investments and loans in Mongol–ortoq partnerships, promoting trade and investment to facilitate the commercial integration of the Mongol Empire. The contractual features of a Mongol-ortoq partnership closely resembled that of qirad and commenda arrangements, however, Mongol investors used metal coins, paper money, gold and silver ingots and tradable goods for partnership investments and primarily financed money-lending and trade activities.^[6] Moreover, Mongol elites formed trade partnerships with merchants from Central and Western Asia and Europe, including Marco Polo’s family.^[7]

Partnership agreements[edit]

In order to come into being, every partnership necessarily involves a partnership agreement, even if it has not been reduced to writing. In common law jurisdictions a written partnership agreement is not legally required, but partners may benefit from a partnership agreement that articulates the important terms of the relationship between them.

In business, two or more companies join forces in a joint venture,^[8] a buyer-supplier relationship, a strategic alliance or a consortium to i) work on a project (e.g. industrial or research project) which would be too heavy or too risky for a single entity, ii) join forces to have a stronger position on the market, iii) comply with specific regulation (e.g. in some emerging countries, foreigners can only invest in the form of partnerships with local entrepreneurs).
^[9] In this case, the alliance may be structured in a process comparable to a Mergers & Acquisitions transaction. A large literature in business and management has paid attention to the formation and management of partnership agreements.^[10] It has, in particular, shown the role of contracts and relational mechanisms to organize business partnerships.^[11]

Partnerships present the involved parties with complex negotiation and special challenges that must be navigated unto agreement. Overarching goals, levels of give-and-take, areas of responsibility, lines of authority and succession, how success is evaluated and distributed, and often a variety of other factors must all be negotiated. Once an agreement is reached, the partnership is typically enforceable by civil law, especially if well documented. Partners who wish to make their agreement affirmatively explicit and enforceable typically draw up Articles of Partnership. Trust and pragmatism are also essential as it cannot be expected that everything can be written in the initial partnership agreement, therefore quality governance^[12] and clear communication are critical success factors in the long run. It is common for information about formally partnered entities to be made public, such as through a press release, a newspaper ad, or public records laws.

Partner compensation[edit]

Partner compensation will often be defined by the terms of a partnership agreement. Partners who work for the partnership may receive compensation for their labor before any division of profits between partners.

Equity vs. salaried partners[edit]

In certain partnerships of individuals, particularly law firms and accountancy firms, equity partners are distinguished from salaried partners (or contract or income partners). The degree of control which each type of partner exerts over the partnership depends on the relevant partnership agreement.^[13]

• An equity partner is a part-owner of the business, and is entitled to a proportion of the distributable profits of the partnership.
• A salaried partner who is paid a salary but does not have any underlying ownership interest in the business and will not share in the distributions of the partnership (although it is quite common for salaried partners to receive a bonus based on the firm’s profitability).

Although individuals in both categories are described as partners, equity partners and salaried partners have little in common other than joint and several liability. In many legal systems, salaried partners are not technically «partners» at all in the eyes of the law. However, if their firm holds them out as partners, they are nonetheless subject to joint and several liabilities.

In their most basic form, equity partners enjoy a fixed share of the partnership (usually, but not always an equal share with the other partners) and, upon distribution of profits, receive a portion of the partnership’s profits proportionate to that share. In more sophisticated partnerships, different models exist for determining either ownership interest, profit distribution, or both. Two common alternate approaches to distribution of profit are «lockstep» and «source of origination» compensation (sometimes referred to, more graphically, as «eat what you kill»).^[14]

• Lockstep involves new partners joining the partnership with a certain number of «points». As time passes, they accrue additional points, until they reach a set maximum sometimes referred to as a plateau. The length of time it takes to reach the maximum is often used to describe the firm (so, for example, one could say that one firm has a «seven-year lockstep» and another has a «ten-year lockstep» depending on the length of time it takes to reach maximum equity).
• Source of origination involves the compensation of profits according to a formula that takes into consideration the amount of revenue and profit generated by each partner, such that partners who generate more revenue receive a greater share of the partnership’s distributed profit.

Law firms[edit]

The source of origination compensation is rarely seen outside of law firms. The principle is simply that each partner receives a share of the partnership profits up to a certain amount, with any additional profits being distributed to the partner who was responsible for the «origination» of the work that generated the profits.^[14]

British law firms tend to use the lockstep principle, whereas American firms are more accustomed to source of origination. When British firm Clifford Chance merged with American firm Rogers & Wells, many of the difficulties associated with that merger were blamed on the difficulties of merging a lockstep culture with a source of origination culture.^[15]

Taxation[edit]

Partnerships recognized by a government body may enjoy special benefits from taxation policy. Among developed countries, for example, business partnerships are often favored over corporations in taxation policy, since dividend taxes only occur on profit before they are distributed to the partners. However, depending on the partnership structure and the jurisdiction in which it operates, owners of a partnership may be exposed to greater personal liability than they would as shareholders of a corporation. In such countries, partnerships are often regulated via antitrust laws, so as to inhibit monopolistic practices and foster free market competition. Enforcement of the laws, however, varies considerably. Domestic partnerships recognized by governments typically enjoy tax benefits, as well.

Common law[edit]

At common law, members of a business partnership are personally liable for the debts and obligations of the partnership. Forms of partnership have evolved that may limit a partner’s liability.^[16]

Forms of partnership[edit]

The general partnership, in which all partners manage the business and are personally liable for its debts, developed under common law. General partners have an obligation of strict liability to third parties injured by the Partnership. General partners may have joint liability or joint and several liability depending upon circumstances.

The limited partnership (LP), is a partnership in which general partners manage the partnership’s operations, and limited partners forego the right to manage the business in exchange for limited liability for the partnership debts. The liability of limited partners is limited to their investment in the partnership. This form of partnership was developed in the 19th Century, the U.K. where it was imparted by charter,^[17] and in the U.S. where it was created by statute.^[16][17]

More recently, additional forms of partnership have been recognized:

• limited liability partnership (LLP): a form of partnership in which all partners may have some degree of limited liability.
• limited liability limited partnership (LLLP): a form of limited partnership in which general partners have limited liability for the debts and obligations of the limited partnership.

Silent partners[edit]

A silent partner or sleeping partner is one who still shares in the profits and losses of the business, but who is not involved in its management.^[18] Sometimes the silent partner’s interest in the business will not be publicly known. A silent partner is often an investor in the partnership, who is entitled to a share of the partnership’s profits. Silent partners may prefer to invest in limited partnerships in order to insulate their personal assets from the debts or liabilities of the partnership.

Oceania[edit]

Australia[edit]

Summarising s. 5 of the Partnership Act 1958 (Vic), for a partnership in Australia to exist, four main criteria must be satisfied. They are:

• Valid Agreement between the parties;
• To carry on a business – this is defined in s. 3 as «any trade, occupation or profession»;
• In Common – meaning there must be some mutuality of rights, interests and obligations;
• View to Profit – thus charitable organizations cannot be partnerships (charities are typically incorporated associations under Associations Incorporations Act 1981 (Vic))

Partners share profits and losses. A partnership is basically a settlement between two or more groups or firms in which profit and loss are equally divided

South Asia[edit]

Bangladesh[edit]

In Bangladesh, the relevant law for regulating partnership is the Partnership Act 1932.^[19] A partnership is defined as the relation between persons who have agreed to share the profits of a business carried on by all or any of them acting for all.^[20] The law does not require written partnership agreement between the partners to form a partnership. A partnership is not required to be registered, but a partnership is considered as a separate legal identity from its owners only if the partnership is registered. There must be a minimum of 2 partners and maximum of 20 partners.^[21]

India[edit]

According to section 4 of the Partnership Act of 1932,»Partnership is defined as the relation between two or more persons who have agreed to share the profits of a business carried on by all or any one of them acting for all». This definition superseded the previous definition given in section 239 of Indian Contract Act 1872 as – “Partnership is the relation which subsists between persons who have agreed to combine their property, labor, skill in some business, and to share the profits thereof between them”. The 1932 definition added the concept of mutual agency. The Indian Partnerships have the following common characteristics:

1) A partnership firm is not a legal entity apart from the partners constituting it. It has limited identity for the purpose of tax law as per section 4 of the Partnership Act of 1932.^[22]

2) Partnership is a concurrent subject. Contracts of partnerships are included in the Entry no.7 of List III of The Constitution of India (the list constitutes the subjects on which both the State government and Central (National) Government can legislate i.e. pass laws on).^[22]

3) Unlimited Liability. The major disadvantage of partnership is the unlimited liability of partners for the debts and liabilities of the firm. Any partner can bind the firm and the firm is liable for all liabilities incurred by any firm on behalf of the firm. If property of partnership firm is insufficient to meet liabilities, personal property of any partner can be attached to pay the debts of the firm.^[22]

4) Partners are Mutual Agents.The business of firm can be carried on by all or any of them acting for all. Any partner has authority to bind the firm. Act of any one partner is binding on all the partners. Thus, each partner is ‘agent’ of all the remaining partners. Hence, partners are ‘mutual agents’. Section 18 of the Partnership Act, 1932 says «Subject to the provisions of this Act, a partner is the agent of the firm for the purpose of the business of the firm»^[22]

5) Oral or Written Agreements. The Partnership Act, 1932 nowhere mentions that the Partnership Agreement is to be in written or oral format. Thus the general rule of the Contract Act applies that the contract can be ‘oral’ or ‘written’ as long as it satisfies the basic conditions of being a contract i.e. the agreement between partners is legally enforceable. A written agreement is advisable to establish existence of partnership and to prove rights and liabilities of each partner, as it is difficult to prove an oral agreement.^[22]

6) Number of Partners is minimum 2 and maximum 50 in any kind of business activities. Since partnership is ‘agreement’ there must be minimum two partners. The Partnership Act does not put any restrictions on maximum number of partners. However, section 464 of Companies Act 2013, and Rule 10 of Companies (Miscellaneous) Rules, 2014 prohibits partnership consisting of more than 50 for any businesses, unless it is registered as a company under Companies Act, 2013 or formed in pursuance of some other law. Some other law means companies and corporations formed via some other law passed by Parliament of India.

7) Mutual agency is the real test. The real test of ‘partnership firm’ is ‘mutual agency’ set by the Courts of India, i.e. whether a partner can bind the firm by his act, i.e. whether he can act as agent of all other partners.^[22]

North America[edit]

Canada[edit]

Statutory regulation of partnerships in Canada fall under provincial jurisdiction. A partnership is not a separate legal entity and partnership income is taxed at the rate of the partner receiving the income. It can be deemed to exist regardless of the intention of the partners. Common elements considered by courts in determining the existence of a partnership are that two or more legal persons:

• Are carrying on a business
• In common
• With a view to profit.^[23]

United States[edit]

Under U.S. law a partnership is a business association of two or more individuals, through which partners share the profits and responsibility for the liabilities of their venture.^[24] U.S. states recognize forms of limited partnership that may allow a partner who does not participate in the business venture to avoid liability for the partnership’s debts and obligations. Partnerships typically pay less taxes than corporations in fields like fund management.^[25][26]

The federal government of the United States does not have specific statutory law governing the establishment of partnerships. Instead, every U.S. state and the District of Columbia has its own statutes and common law that govern partnerships. The National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws has issued non-binding model laws (called uniform act) in which to encourage the adoption of uniformity of partnership law into the states by their respective legislatures. Model laws include the Uniform Partnership Act and the Uniform Limited Partnership Act. Most U.S. states have adopted a form of the Uniform Partnership Act, which includes provisions regulating general partnerships, limited partnerships and limited liability partnerships.

Although the federal government does not have specific statutory law for establishing partnerships, it has an extensive statutory and regulatory scheme for the taxation of partnerships, set forth in the Internal Revenue Code (IRC) and Code of Federal Regulations.^[27] The IRC defines federal tax obligations for partnership operations^[28] that effectively serve as federal regulation of some aspects of partnerships.

East Asia[edit]

China[edit]

Hong Kong[edit]

A partnership in Hong Kong is a business entity formed by the Hong Kong Partnerships Ordinance,^[30] which defines a partnership as «the relation between persons carrying on a business in common with a view of profit» and is not a joint stock company or an incorporated company.^[31] If the business entity registers with the Registrar of Companies it takes the form of a limited partnership defined in the Limited Partnerships Ordinance.^[32][33] However, if this business entity fails to register with the Registrar of Companies, then it becomes a general partnership as a default.^[33]

Europe[edit]

United Kingdom limited partnership[edit]

A limited partnership in the United Kingdom consists of:

• One or more people called general partners, who are liable for all debts and obligations of the firm; and
• One or of the firm beyond the amount contributed.

Limited partners may not:

• Draw out or receive back any part of their contributions to the partnership during its lifetime; or
• Take part in the management of the business or have power to bind the firm.

If they do, they become liable for all the debts and obligations of the firm up to the amount drawn out or received back or incurred while taking part in the management, as the case may be.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

External links[edit]

• Media related to Partnerships at Wikimedia Commons

1	0   0 n. a business enterprise entered into for profit which is owned b…

2	0   0 Partnership Shared ownership among two or more individuals, some of whom may, but do not necessarily, have limited liability with respect to obligations of the group. See: General partnership, limited partnership [..]

3	0   0 Partnership Historically the European Union has developed its regional policy activities and distributed cohesion policy funding through a partnership process, which includes significant input from the Member Sta [..]

4	0   0 Partnership A business which is owned by two or more people, all sharing the profits and responsibility for managing the business.

5	0   0 Partnership A business owned and operated by more than one individual.

6	0   0 Partnership 1[uncountable] the state of being a partner in business to be in/to go into partnership partnership with somebody/something He developed his own program in partnership with an American expert.2[counta [..]

7	0   0 Partnership 1570s, from partner (n.) + -ship. In the commercial sense from c. 1700.

8	0   0 Partnership A partnership is a legally binding business agreement wherein two or more individuals share in the operation and management of the business.

9	0   0 Partnership See Partnering. [D03128]

10	0   0 Partnership Partnership is a label given to a relationship in which the parties forego short-term opportunism and demonstrate a longer-term commitment to jointly strive for lower costs and the creation of new way [..]

11	0   0 Partnership One of the three basic forms of business organization (the other two are corporation and proprietorship). A partnership is a business that’s owned and operated more or less equally by two or more [..]

12	0   0 Partnership Refers to a legal structure for a business of two or more individuals; called a general partnership when used without a qualifier such as «limited» or «limited liability.» Each own [..]

13	0   0 Partnership A contract under which two or more individuals manage and operate a business venture.

14	0   0 Partnership the members of a business venture created by contract a cooperative relationship between people or groups who agree to share responsibility for achieving some specific goal; "effective la [..]

15	0   0 Partnership A form of business entity having partners. (Consult with an attorney about this form of entity versus alternatives.)

16	0   0 Partnership Definitions (2) 1. A type of unincorporated business organization in which multiple individuals, called general partners, manage the business and are equally liable for its debts; other individuals ca [..]

17	0   0 Partnership Form of business organization in which two or more co-owners form a business. In a general partnership each partner is liable for the debts of the partnership. Limited partnership permits some partner [..]

18	0   0 Partnership A formal relationship between the University and other parties to achieve specified objectives. A partnership may include individual persons industry government institutions (including other educational providers) and/or community organisations…

19	0   0 Partnership shutfes

20	0   0 Partnership A collaboration between a library and an organization of a different type, usually on a particular project, often forming the basis for a long-standing relationship with the potential for future partn [..]

21

0   0 Partnership To dream of forming a partnership with a man, denotes uncertain and fluctuating money affairs. If your partner be a woman, you will engage in some enterprise which you will endeavor to keep hidden from friends. To dissolve an unpleasant partnership, denotes that things will arrange themselves agreeable to your desires; but if the partnership was pl [..]

22	0   0 Partnership an association of two or more persons or entities that conduct a business for profit as co-owners see also Uniform Partnership Act in the Important Laws section compare corporation, joint venture, …

23	0   0 Partnership Relationship between two or more persons based on a written, oral, or implied agreement whereby they agree to carry on a trade or business for profit and share the resulting profits. Unlike a C [..]

24	0   0 Partnership A business with two or more owners who share the firm’s profits and losses.

25	0   0 Partnership A partnership is an agreement between two or more people to take joint responsibility for running a business. They share both the profits and the risks. Business carried out by two or more people wher [..]

26	0   0 Partnership An unincorporated business owned by two or more persons.

27	0   0 Partnership An association of at least 2 people.

28	0   0 Partnership The partners agree to a proportional share of profits and losses and thus have the same tax treatment.

29	0   0 Partnership A legal relationship created by the voluntary association of two or more persons to carry on as co-owners of a business for profit.

30	0   0 Partnership An unincorporated business owned by two or more people.

31	0   0 Partnership A partnership is a legal relationship existing between two entities contractually associated as joint principals in a business.

32	0   0 Partnership (n) the members of a business venture created by contract(n) a cooperative relationship between people or groups who agree to share responsibility for achieving some specific goal(n) a contract bet [..]

33

0   0 Partnership An arrangement in which students are enrolled with the Australian provider or awards are conferred in the name of the Australian provider, but responsibility for the course curriculum, teaching, and learning support and infrastructure is shared with other entities, such as through partnerships with other institutions, providers or business entities [..]

34	0   0 Partnership A contractual association between individuals who share in the management and profitability of a business venture.

35	0   0 Partnership An association of two or more persons engaged in a business enterprise in which the profits and losses are shared proportionally. Perjury

36	0   0 Partnership A contract under which two or more individuals manage and operate a business venture.

37	0   0 Partnership Two or more persons (or companies) in business together with the aim of making a profit.

38	0   0 Partnership a popular concept in modern governance, stressing co-operation between interested parties and agencies involved in educational provision.

39	0   0 Partnership In vocational education and training, an association between a non-registered organisation and a registered training organisation to achieve recognised training.

40	0   0 Partnership A unified effort by two or more entities, to implement the national education goals – or any other government program that fits into the new global management system. (See "Local Age [..]

41	0   0 Partnership educators, artists, and arts and cultural institutions combine talents and resources in a spirit of mutual cooperation and responsibility to create programs for students that are interdisciplinary and [..]

42	0   0 Partnership (See Indiana Partnership for Statewide Education or IPSE)

43	0   0 Partnership An organizational enterprise between a Public Sector agency, federal, state or local, and a Private Sector entity. Skills and assets of each sector are shared to deliver a service or facility for the [..]

44	0   0 Partnership Mutually beneficial agreement among various partners in which all participating members engage in and contribute to goals for the preparation of education professionals. This may include examples such [..]

45	0   0 Partnership A type of business unit in which two or more persons join together to carry on some form of business activity. In what is termed an Ordinary or General partnership, all the partners jointly share the [..]

46	0   0 Partnership Partnerships are frequently composed of groups of professionals, such as attorneys, accountants and lawyers, but may also be retail and service businesses.

47	0   0 Partnership Several individuals acting under a partnership agreement as a single business.  Generally two or more individuals own and operate the business jointly.

48	0   0 Partnership An association of two or more persons for the purpose of carrying on an unincorporated business for profit.

49	0   0 Partnership A formalized working relationship between two or more organizations with separate identities and independent accountabilities and is based on mutual benefit and a clear understanding or agreement that [..]

50	0   0 Partnership A business venture of two or more individuals of companies. If equal partners, profits or losses flow, directly and equally to the partners.

51	0   0 Partnership Two persons who dance together. A relationship between one or more parties involving close cooperation in exercise of specific rights and responsibilities.

52	0   0 Partnership A contract under which two or more individuals manage and operate a business venture.

53	0   0 Partnership A business association formed by two or more people. Often known as a firm. A partnership is not an incorporated company, and has no standalone legal basis, which means that the partners (or &quot [..]

54	0   0 Partnership a legal relationship between two or more individuals to conduct a specifically defined business.

55	0   0 Partnership Form of business organization in which two or more co-owners form a business. In a general partnership each partner is liable for the debts of the partnership. Limited partnership permits some partner [..]

56

0   0 Partnership An association of two or more persons where the business and the owners are legally the same. A general partnership comes into existence without filing any formal papers with the state. Partnership owners are personally and fully liable for all business debts, so personal property could be taken to pay business debts.

57	0   0 Partnership «Partnership» means an association of two or more persons to carry on as co-owners a business for profit created under ORS 67.055 (Creation of partnership), predecessor law, or comparable la [..]

58	0   0 Partnership A contract under which two or more individuals manage and operate a business venture.

59	0   0 Partnership n. a business enterprise entered into for profit which is owned by more than one person, each of whom is a «partner.» A partnership may be created by a formal written agreement, but may be b [..]

60	0   0 Partnership The two players sitting North-South or the two players sitting East-West. Players who play together frequently are considered to be an established partnership. Players who pair up for a particular eve [..]

61	0   0 Partnership (1) one of the two competing teams of two players

62	0   0 Partnership The two players seated opposite each other at the table.

63	0   0 Partnership Relationship between two or more persons based on a written, oral, or implied agreement whereby they agree to carry on a trade or business for profit and share the resulting profits. Unlike a corporat [..]

64	0   0 Partnership An unincorporated retail firm owned by two or more persons, each of whom has a financial interest.

65	0   0 Partnership two or more companies which enter into agreement to satisfy basic needs.

66	0   0 Partnership An association between USAID, its partners and customers based on mutual respect, complementary strengths, and shared commitment to achieve mutually agreed upon objectives (USAID Automated Directives [..]

67	0   0 Partnership One of the three basic forms of business organization (the other two are corporation and proprietorship). A partnership is a business that’s owned and operated more or less equally by two or more [..]

68	0   0 Partnership This refers to a group of individuals who agree to contract and to carry on a business with the objective of making a profit. All shareholders or any one could manage the business for all parties. A b [..]

69	0   0 Partnership Agreement between two or more individuals or organisations to work together to achieve common aims. Managing Partnerships

70	0   0 Partnership is the group of European and Third Country Higher Education Institutions (HEI)  participating in the project and selected for its implementation. The partnership is composed of one Coordinating institution/Beneficiary, Partner institutions and Associated member.

71	0   0 Partnership  A form of unlimited liability firm with more than one owner.

72	0   0 Partnership Similar to a sole trader, however there is more than one owner and there can be several different people that own different amounts of the business.

73	0   0 Partnership An organization that is owned by two or more individuals or other entities and is controlled by those partners. Source: Adapted from the United States Internal Revenue Service

74	0   0 Partnership A number of organisations agreeing to work together for delivery, with one being named the Centre/PLC.

75	0   0 Partnership The state of being associated with a partner. An association of two or more people to conduct a business, (cricket) The period when two specific batsmen are batting, from the fall of one wicket [..]

76	0   0 Partnership A business arrangement in which two or more persons jointly own a business and share in its profits and losses.

77	0   0 Partnership   A business form in which two or more individuals act as owners. In a general partnership all partners have unlimited liability for the debts of the firm; in a limited partnership one or more partne [..]

78	0   0 Partnership Shared ownership among two or more individuals, some of whom may, but do not necessarily, have limited liability with respect to obligations of the group. See: General partnership, limited partnership [..]

79	0   0 Partnership A partnership is an arrangement where parties, known as business partners, agree to cooperate to advance their mutual interests. The partners in a partnership may be individuals, businesses, interest- [..]

80	0   0 Partnership A partnership is an arrangement where parties, known as business partners, agree to cooperate to advance their mutual interests. The partners in a partnership may be individuals, businesses, interest- [..]

81	0   0 Partnership In the sport of cricket, two batsmen always bat in partnership, although only one is a striker at any time. The partnership between two batsmen will come to an end when one of them is dismissed or ret [..]

82	0   0 Partnership A partnership in Hong Kong is a business entity formed by the Partnerships Ordinance, which defines a partnership as «the relation between persons carrying on a business in common with a view of profi [..]

83	0   0 Partnership A partnership in Hong Kong is a business entity formed by the Partnerships Ordinance, which defines a partnership as «the relation between persons carrying on a business in common with a view of profi [..]

84	0   0 Partnership In Australia, each state has enacted legislation regarding partnerships. The definition of a partnership does not vary across jurisdictions, with each definition encompassing the following criteria i [..]

85	0   0 Partnership A partnership in the People’s Republic of China is a business entity governed by the Partnership Enterprise Law passed by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress to authorize and gove [..]

86	0   0 Partnership Partnership, is a historic building constructed in Fulton, Maryland, in Howard County, although the land was part of Anne Arundel County at the time of the construction. The building was formerly one [..]

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• 1
  partnership
  
  

  partnership [ˊpɑ:tnəʃɪp]

  n

  1) уча́стие; сотру́дничество;

  2) това́рищество, компа́ния

  3) компаньо́ны

  Англо-русский словарь Мюллера > partnership

• 2
  partnership
  
  

  Персональный Сократ > partnership

• 3
  partnership
  
  

  [ˈpɑ:tnəʃɪp]

  dissolve a partnership ликвидировать товарищество dormant partnership товарищество, не занимающееся активной деятельностью general partnership компания с неограниченной имущественной ответственностью limited partnership коммандитное товарищество, товарищество на вере limited partnership коммандитное товарищество limited partnership компания с ограниченной ответственностью limited partnership company компания с ограниченной ответственностью limited shipping partnership судоходная компания с ограниченной ответственностью nontrading partnership неторговое товарищество ordinary partnership обычное товарищество partnership компания partnership компаньоны partnership партнерство partnership сотрудничество partnership товарищество, компания partnership товарищество partnership участие, сотрудничество partnership участие; сотрудничество; working partnership тесное сотрудничество, совместное действие partnership участие principal partnership основное участие principal partnership основные компаньоны professional partnership профессиональное партнерство registered partnership зарегистрированное товарищество shipping partnership транспортное товарищество silent partnership товарищество, не участвующее активно в деле sleeping partnership товарищество, не ведущее активной деятельности take into partnership принимать компаньоном в дело trading partnership торговая компания trading partnership торговое партнерство trading partnership торговое товарищество partnership участие; сотрудничество; working partnership тесное сотрудничество, совместное действие

  English-Russian short dictionary > partnership

• 4
  partnership
  
  

  English-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > partnership

• 5
  partnership
  
  

  сущ.

  2)

  ,

  юр.

  партнерство, товарищество

  See:

  See:

  de facto partnership, de jure partnership, general partnership, equipment leasing partnership, family partnership, farm partnership, limited liability limited partnership, limited liability company, limited partnership, mining partnership, partnership by estoppel, professional limited partnership, trade partnership, association 1) б), joint venture, Uniform Partnership Act

  * * *
  
  товарищество: ассоциация двух и более лиц для создания коммерческого предприятия (участвуют как в риске, так и в прибыли); в Великобритании — ассоциация от двух до двадцати лиц (до десяти в случае банка), занимающихся тем или иным бизнесом с целью получения прибыли; партнеры несут неограниченную ответственность по обязательствам товарищества (солидарную или индивидуальную); в США неограниченную ответственность обычно несут «общие» партнеры, занимающиеся повседневным руководством деятельностью товарищества, а «пассивные» партнеры отвечают только своим вкладом;

  general partner;

  * * *

  * * *

  юридическая форма организации предприятия, которой регулируются права и обязанности пайщиков (партнеров), возмещение общих расходов и т. д.

  Англо-русский экономический словарь > partnership

• 6
  partnership
  
  

  2) товарищество, компания

  •

  English-russian dctionary of diplomacy > partnership

• 7
  partnership
  
  

  Англо-русский юридический словарь > partnership

• 8
  partnership
  
  

  Politics english-russian dictionary > partnership

• 9
  partnership
  
  

  n

  1) товарищество; компания

  •

  English-russian dctionary of diplomacy > partnership

• 10
  partnership
  
  

  1. n участие

  2. n товарищество; компания

  limited partnership — товарищество с ограниченной ответственностью; товарищество на вере; коммандитное товарищество

  3. n компаньонство

  Синонимический ряд:

  1. alliance (noun) alliance; brotherhood; coterie; fellowship; fraternity; friendship; gang; society; union

  2. association (noun) affiliation; association; cahoots; combination; conjointment; conjunction; connection; co-operation; hookup; tie-up; togetherness

  3. company (noun) cartel; company; confederation; co-op; cooperative; corporation; guild; merger; syndicate

  4. contract (noun) agreement; arrangement; bargain; contract; deal; pact; settlement; transaction; understanding

  English-Russian base dictionary > partnership

• 11
  partnership
  
  

  [ʹpɑ:tnəʃıp]

  1. участие

  2. товарищество; компания

  limited partnership — товарищество с ограниченной ответственностью; товарищество на вере; коммандитное товарищество

  to enter /to go/ into partnership (with smb.) — основать совместную компанию /стать компаньоном/ с кем-л.

  3. компаньонство

  НБАРС > partnership

• 12
  partnership
  
  

  участие; товарищество; компания; партнёрство

  Англо-русский словарь по экономике и финансам > partnership

• 13
  partnership
  
  

  Англо-русский синонимический словарь > partnership

• 14
  partnership
  
  

  1. полное товарищество
  2. партнерство

  партнерство
  Организация (бизнес), в которой двое или большее число лиц совместно владеют бизнесом или имуществом и разделяют прибыли или убытки от него. Партнерства могут быть полными или ограниченными (с ограниченной ответственностью).
  [ http://slovar-lopatnikov.ru/]

  Тематики

  • экономика

  EN

  • partnership

  партнёрство
  Отношения между двумя организациями, которые предполагают тесное сотрудничество в интересах общих целей или взаимной выгоды. Поставщик ИТ-услуг должен состоять в партнёрстве с бизнесом и третьими сторонами, критичными для предоставления ИТ-услуг.
  См. тж. интегрированная партнерская сеть.
  [Словарь терминов ITIL версия 1.0, 29 июля 2011 г.]

  EN

  partnership
  A relationship between two organizations that involves working closely together for common goals or mutual benefit. The IT service provider should have a partnership with the business and with third parties who are critical to the delivery of IT services.
  See also value network.
  [Словарь терминов ITIL версия 1.0, 29 июля 2011 г.]

  Тематики

  • информационные технологии в целом

  EN

  • partnership

  Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > partnership

• 15
  partnership
  
  

  ˈpɑ:tnəʃɪp сущ.
  1) сотрудничество working partnership ≈ тесное сотрудничество, совместное действие
  2) компания, товарищество
  3) собир. партнеры
  участие товарищество;
  компания — limited * товарищество с ограниченной ответственностью;
  товарищество на вере — deed of * договор товарищества — dissolution of * расторжение товарищества — to enter into * (with smb.) основать совместную компанию с кем-либо — he obtained the *s permission он получил разрешение компании компаньонство — to be in * быть компаньоном (с кем-либо)
  dissolve a ~ ликвидировать товарищество
  dormant ~ товарищество, не занимающееся активной деятельностью
  general ~ компания с неограниченной имущественной ответственностью
  limited ~ коммандитное товарищество, товарищество на вере limited ~ коммандитное товарищество limited ~ компания с ограниченной ответственностью
  limited ~ company компания с ограниченной ответственностью
  limited shipping ~ судоходная компания с ограниченной ответственностью
  nontrading ~ неторговое товарищество
  ordinary ~ обычное товарищество
  partnership компания ~ компаньоны ~ партнерство ~ сотрудничество ~ товарищество, компания ~ товарищество ~ участие, сотрудничество ~ участие;
  сотрудничество;
  working partnership тесное сотрудничество, совместное действие ~ участие
  principal ~ основное участие principal ~ основные компаньоны
  professional ~ профессиональное партнерство
  registered ~ зарегистрированное товарищество
  shipping ~ транспортное товарищество
  silent ~ товарищество, не участвующее активно в деле
  sleeping ~ товарищество, не ведущее активной деятельности
  take into ~ принимать компаньоном в дело
  trading ~ торговая компания trading ~ торговое партнерство trading ~ торговое товарищество
  ~ участие;
  сотрудничество;
  working partnership тесное сотрудничество, совместное действие

  Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > partnership

• 16
  PARTNERSHIP
  
  

  (товарищество) Ассоциация двух и более лиц, созданная с целью ведения деловых операций. Деятельность товарищества регулируется Законом о товариществах 1890 г. В отличие от акционерной компании (сотрапу) товарищество не обладает правосубъектностью, поэтому его участники несут обязательства по долгам. Участники полного товарищества (general partners) отвечают по таким долгам всем своим имуществом; участники товарищества с ограниченной ответственностью ( limited partners)-на сумму, соответствующую их вкладам. Товарищество с ограниченной ответственностью (limited partnership) включает участников как с полной, так и с ограниченной ответственностью. Его деятельность регулируется Законом о товариществах с ограниченной ответственностью 1907 г. Бессрочное товарищество ( partnership-at-will) отличается отсутствием установленного срока деятельности. Любой из участников может ликвидировать его в любой момент при условии предварительного оповещения других участников о своих намерениях. Номинальным участником товарищества (nominal partner) является такой его член, который предоставляет свое имя с целью его использования в интересах товарищества, обычно за какое-то вознаграждение; однако в прибылях он не участвует. Законным участником товарищества он не является. Обычно товарищество учреждается на основании договора о товариществе (partnership agreement) (иногда он называется deed of partnership). В этом договоре устанавливаются способы распределения прибылей между участниками, процедуры, проводимые в связи со смертью, уходом от дел либо банкротством одного из участников, а также правила изъятия капитала из товарищества. Участники товарищества не получают заработной платы; им не выплачиваются и проценты на вложенный капитал.

  Финансы: англо-русский толковый словарь > PARTNERSHIP

• 17
  partnership
  
  

  English-Russian dictionary of regional studies > partnership

• 18
  partnership
  
  

  one-shot partnership

  risk-sharing partnership

  Авиасловарь > partnership

• 19
  partnership
  
  

  товарищество ; участие ; ? unlimited liability partnership ;

  Англо-Русский словарь финансовых терминов > partnership

• 20
  partnership
  
  

  noun

  1) участие; сотрудничество; working partnership тесное сотрудничество, совместное действие

  2) товарищество, компания

  * * *

  (n) партнерство; товарищество

  * * *

  1) сотрудничество 2) компания, товарищество

  * * *

  [‘part·ner·ship || ‘pɑrtnə(r)ʃɪp /’pɑːt-]
  участие, товарищество, компания, сотрудничество, компаньоны

  * * *

  компания

  общество

  партнерство

  сотрудничество

  товарищество

  участие

  * * *

  1) сотрудничество
  2) компания
  3) собир. партнеры

  Новый англо-русский словарь > partnership

Last Updated:
8 Apr 2023
— Updated example sentences

Asked by: Ms. Kitty Casper V

Score: 4.3/5
(25 votes)

A partnership is an arrangement where parties, known as business partners, agree to cooperate to advance their mutual interests. The partners in a partnership may be individuals, businesses, interest-based organizations, schools, governments or combinations.

What is a partnership simple definition?

variable noun. Partnership or a partnership is a relationship in which two or more people, organizations, or countries work together as partners.

What does partnership mean in a relationship?

The definition of a partnership is a relationship between two or more individuals. An example of a partnership is two businesses working together. An example of a partnership is a marriage.

What does partnership mean in business?

A partnership is a business shared by multiple owners. It’s not a legal business entity, and it doesn’t have to be registered with the state. Basically, if you decide to go into business with another person without filing any state paperwork, you’re automatically in a partnership.

What is partnership and example?

A partnership business, by definition, consists of two or more people who combine their resources to form a business and agree to share risks, profits and losses. Common partnership business examples include law firms, physician groups, real estate investment firms and accounting groups.

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