Word order place time manner

Place of adverbs of tense in an English sentence

The place of an adverb in a sentence is determined by its meaning. There are several categories of adverbs of the time:

1. Adverbs denoting a specific time.

2. Adverbs denoting an indefinite time.

3. Adverbs denoting duration.

You can read more about these categories in the article on adverbs of the time. Today we will talk about where to put the adverb of time — at the beginning, in the middle or at the end of a sentence.

1. Place of adverbs denoting a certain time

The place of adverbs denoting a specific time, usually at the end of a sentence:

I go on holiday in August. — I go on vacation in August. We are going to discuss the plans for the weekend today. — We’re going to discuss plans for the weekend today. She called me yesterday. — She called me yesterday.

They went to the movies a month ago. — They went to the cinema a month ago.

Adverbs of tense can also appear at the beginning of a sentence, if this is not the main thing that you want to communicate in this sentence:

In August I go on holiday. — In August I go on vacation. Today we are going to discuss the plans for the weekend. — Today we are going to discuss plans for the weekend. Yesterday she called me. “She called me yesterday.

A month ago they went to the movies. — A month ago they went to the cinema.

If it is necessary to give several time indicators, then the adverbs of the exact time have the following order: time, day, date, year (from private to general):

The accident occurred at 8.20 am on Wednesday September 10th 2011. — The accident occurred at 8.20 am on Wednesday 10 September 2011.

Adverbs for indefinite tense usually appear at the end of a sentence, although sometimes they can appear before a verb:

She published her book recently. — She recently published her book. — She published her book recently.

Adverbs afterwards, eventually, formerly, immediately, lately, once, presently, recently, soon, subsequently, suddenly, then, ultimately can be placed at the beginning of a sentence to attract interest or for a contrast effect:

Suddenly, the phone rang. — Suddenly the phone rang. Immediately they ran outside. — Immediately they ran into the street.

Presently, all people use mobile phones. — Nowadays, all people use mobile phones.

Adverbs of indefinite tenses usually take place after the verb to be:

He was reсently ill. — He was sick recently.

They were eventually defeated. — In the end they lost.

The adverbs early and late appear at the end of a sentence or part of it (clause):

He came to the office too late to meet Mr. Smith. “He came to the office too late to see Mr. Smith.

I woke up early to catch the first bus. — I woke up early to catch the first bus.

The adverbs another day, one day (referring to the past or future), and some day (referring to the future) can be placed at the beginning or at the end of a sentence:

I called him another day. / Another day I called him. — I called him the other day.

Some day I’ll go to Paris ./ I’ll go to Paris some day. — One day I will go to Paris.

The adverbs already, yet, just, still have their own rules of use and certain places in the sentence, and consideration of this deserves a separate article.

3. Place of adverbs denoting duration

Adverbs since, ago, for usually appear at the end of a sentence:

I have known him since he was a child. “I’ve known him since he was a child.

We moved to London two months ago. — We moved to London two months ago.

For can be placed at the beginning of a sentence, separating it with a comma:

For eight years, he has worked for this company. — For eight years, he has been working in this company.

Adverbs of duration from to / till / until usually appear at the end of a sentence:

Source: https://enginform.com/article/position-of-adverbs

Examples of the most common adverbs in English

Today we will look at the adverb in English:

Adverb (Adverb) Is a part of speech that speaks about a sign or image of an ongoing action

This is essentially the semantic coloring of any language, its life-giving power.

• Speaking about the trait, the adverb works in the same conjunction with the adjective: Robert is quite successful broker. — Robert is a very successful brokerQuite — quite (adverb of measure and degree)
• Expressing the way of action, it is attached to the verb: She walked quickly so tired. — She walked fast, so she was tiredQuickly — fast (adverb mode of action) the importance of adverbs in English speech

The use of adverbs in English

The Adverbs education scheme is varied:

1. For most adjectives, it is enough to add the suffix —ly:
   • slowly — slowly
   • dearly — expensive
   • beautifully — wonderful
   • lightly — light, etc.
2. Some nouns (mostly tense) using —ly form the adverb of the frequency of action:
   • day — day
   • daily — daily

Features of shaping

Pay attention to these subtleties.

1. When converting the noun day to the adverb daily, the letter —y changing to –I
   This rule applies to all words ending in -y:
   • easy — easy
   • easily — easy
2. If the word ends with –Le, then the letter -E changing to -Y
   • terrible — terrible
   • terribly — terrible
   • simple — simple
   • simply — simply
3. In some cases, the same word can be both an adjective and an adverb: the adjective does not change its form during transformation, the meaning is either the same or very close:
   • bad — bad — bad
   • well — good — good
   • hard — hard, hard — stubborn, firm
   • little — small — little
   • long — long — long
   • large — large — wide, etc.
   • early — early — early
4. Some Adverbs have two forms:
   • the first — as in p. 3
   • the second is obtained by adding –Ly to the original adjective can take on a different meaning:

Adjective	An adverb in an unchanged form	Adverb with the addition —ly
сlose — close	сlose — close	closely — carefully
late — late	late — late	lately — recently
busy — busy	busy — busy	busily — businesslike
short — short	short — sharply	shortly — soon
near — close	near — close	nearly — almost
high high	high high	highly — very

If an adverb is indistinguishable in form from an adjective, then it is possible to determine which part of speech in front of us by meaning:

• A long way across the desert is laying before us. — The long journey through the desert lay in front of us.
• Scientists have long collected information about the ancient Incas. — Scientists have been collecting information about the ancient Incas for a long time.

In the first sentence, long is an adjective, in the second, an adverb

Division of adverbs into types according to their structure

There are four types:
1. Simple — not divisible into parts:
   • above — above
   • hear — here
   • bad — bad
   • far — far
   • now — now
2. Derivatives — formed by adding suffixes and prefixes:
   • warmly — warm
   • indeed — indeed
   • downward — downward, downward (-ward — direction of travel suffix)

Source: https://englishfull.ru/grammatika/angliyskie-narechiya.html

Enjoy learning English online with Puzzle English for free

An adverb is a part of speech that denotes a sign of an action and describes where, when and how this action is performed. Often, usually and always refer to adverbs of frequency and answer the question «How often?» Where often, usually and always are put in a sentence — we will consider below.

In English, adverbs of place, time, mode of action, measure and degree, adverbs of frequency of action and adverbs-interrogative words are distinguished. Often, usually and always refer to the adverbs of the frequency of action or otherwise the frequency — Adverbs of Frequency, but are not the only representatives of this group.

Examples of adverbs of frequency of action:

These are far from all the existing Adverbs of Frequency, there are a great many of them. They can be conditionally divided into adverbs of a certain frequency (definite frequency) and adverbs of an indefinite frequency (indefinite frequency). The adverbs of both groups answer the same question: «How often?»

Adverbs of a certain frequency of action:

• Daily — daily
• Annually — annually
• Every day / hour / month / year — every day / hour / month / year
• Once a week / month / year etc. — once a week / month / year, etc.

Let us dwell on the group of adverbs of an indefinite frequency of action, since often, usually and always represent this particular group. The most common adverbs of indefinite frequency are sometimes presented as a scale on which the difference between them is clearly visible. The frequency of the action is presented as a percentage.

When using these adverbs in speech, the speaker’s subjective opinion plays an important role: for some, «often» is three times a day, and for someone — three times a month.

Action frequency adverbs, including often, usually, and always, refer to Present Simple time markers. The simple present tense is associated with periodicity, regularity, or constancy. Accordingly, the meaning of its markers-adverbs of frequency is also similar.

Statement

As a general rule, if the predicate is expressed by a single semantic verb, then the adverb of frequency should be placed before the verb.

He often visited us. — He often visited us.

I usually drink tea in the morning. — I usually drink tea in the morning.

Question

In adverb matters, frequencies also take place in the middle of a sentence, after the subject.

Did he usually have tea for breakfast? — He always drank tea for breakfast?

Also, adverbs of indefinite frequency are used in short answers to questions before an auxiliary verb, when the speaker agrees or disagrees with what was said earlier.

Mary is depressed again. — Oh, she always is.

Mary is upset again. — She’s always like that.

Tom talks only about himself. — Yes, he always does.

Tom only talks about himself. — Yes, he always does that.

Source: https://puzzle-english.com/directory/often-usually-always

Frequency adverbs in English

Adverbs play an important role in communication, they describe the way, character, image of the performed action. When we want to indicate how often a particular action is performed, we use an adverb that expresses frequency. What adverbs of frequency exist, how they differ and how to use them in speech — read further in this article.

The adverb of frequency indicates how often an action is performed (which is more often
everything is represented by a verb). There are 6 main adverbs of frequency: always — always, usually (or normally) — usually, often — often, sometimes — sometimes, rarely — rarely, never — never. They differ in the degree of frequency with which the action they describe is performed. What are the differences, see the table below.

In addition to rarely, seldom can be used, but it is gradually falling out of use in modern English.

The place of the adverb of frequency in the sentence

As you can see from the table above, the main place for the adverb of frequency in a sentence is
between the subject and the predicate, between the subject of the action and the action. Below are a few more examples:

• Sara always goes out on Saturday evenings. / Sarah always walks on Saturday nights.
• her boyfriend usually picks her up and they drive into the city center. / Her boyfriend usually picks her up by car and they drive to the city center.
• They often meet friends and have a drink together. / They often meet up with friends and go to a bar.
• In the winter they Sometimes go to the cinema. / In winter they sometimes go to the movies.
• They Rarely go in the summer because they prefer to stay outside. / In the summer they rarely go to the movies, as they prefer to stay in the fresh air.
• They never get home before midnight. / They never do not return home until midnight.

An exception to this rule is the verb to be (to be)… In sentences with this verb, the adverb of frequency comes after the verb, as in these examples:

• There are always lots of people in the city center on Saturday nights. / On Saturday evenings in the city center (available) always many people.
• It’s often difficult to find a place to park. / (This is) often difficult to find a parking place.
• But our friends are never on time so it doesn’t matter if we’re late. / But our friends (are) never [don’t come] on time, so it doesn’t matter if we’re late.

As is often the case in English, there are variations on this rule. For example,
you can put adverbs sometimes — sometimes and usually — usually at the beginning of a sentence:

• Sometimes she does her homework with friends. / Sometimes she is doing her homework with friends.
• Usually they study on their own. / Usually they do it on their own.

But, of course, the easiest way is to follow the basic rule and put all adverbs that express the frequency between the subject and the predicate, the subject of the action and the action.

Question form

To ask a question about how often an action is performed, it is usually used
How often design? — «How often?», For example:

• how often do you watch films? / How often do you watch movies
• how often does he play tennis? / How often he plays tennis?
• how often do the trains arrive late? / How often Are the trains late?

But you can simply use the desired adverb of frequency between the subject and the semantic verb:

• Do you often come here? / You often come here?
• does she always work so hard? / She always working so hard?
• do they ever pay on time? (For questions, use ‘ever’ instead of ‘never’)? / They at all someday (= as a synonym for «never») get paid on time?

If there is a modal verb in the sentence, the adverb of frequency is placed between it and the semantic (main) verb:

• you must always try your best. / You should (you should) always try my best.
• We can usually find a seat on our train. / We can usually find a seat on our train.
• They should never be rude to customers. / They can not never be rude to customers.  

The same rule applies to auxiliary verbs: the adverb of frequency comes between
auxiliary and main (semantic) verbs:

• I have never visited Turkey. / I AM never have not been to Turkey.
• He’s always taking things from my desk. It’s really annoying. / He all time takes things from my desk. This is very annoying.
• you had rarely arrived late at work until yesterday. / You rarely was late for work until yesterday.

Now you have learned what frequency adverbs are and how to use them.
Reinforce your new knowledge by answering the questions below using adverbs of frequency:

• What do you usually do on Saturday nights? / What do you usually do on Saturday night?
• How often do you see your best friend? / How often do you see your best friend / girlfriend?
• Do you ever go to the theater? / Do you often go to the theater?
• How often do you play sport or go to the gym? / How often do you exercise or go to the gym?
• Do you ever watch films or TV programs in English? / Do you ever watch movies or TV programs in English?
• What time do you usually go to bed? / When do you usually go to bed?
• How often do you eat at a restaurant? / How often do you go to a restaurant?
• Are you sometimes late for work or school? / Are you sometimes late for work or school?

Source: https://www.wallstreetenglish.ru/blog/adverbs-of-frequency/

Place of an adverb in a sentence in English: before a verb or after?

The place of an adverb in a sentence in English is not fixed in many cases. The same adverb can be used at the beginning, middle or end of a sentence. We will consider the basic patterns of the arrangement of adverbs in a sentence, the features of the use of individual adverbs.

Typically, an adverb occupies one of three positions in a sentence.

After the predicate and the complement, if any.

Let’s stay here… — Let’s stay here.

Before the subject.

Yesterday we had a good time. “We had a good time yesterday.

If the predicate consists of one verb, then “in the middle” is before the verb.

He Rarely talks to his neighbors. — He rarely talks to neighbors.

If the predicate has more than one word, then “in the middle” is after the auxiliary or modal verb.

You can never rely on him. — You never you can’t rely on him.

He is always late. — He always is late.

Some adverbs can appear before an auxiliary or modal verb.

He really is the person we were looking for. — He really and there is the person we were looking for.

He Surely can drive. — He definitely knows how to drive a car.

In an interrogative sentence, “middle” is between the subject and the main verb.

Do you often help people? — You often do you help people?

Consider in which cases the adverb is at the end of a sentence, at the beginning and in the middle.

Place of adverbs of mode of action

Mode of action adverbs such as slowly — slowly, fast, quickly — quickly, immediately — immediately, well — well, are at the end of the sentence.

You have done your work well. — You did the job good.

Hold the box carefully. — Keep the box carefully.

come back immediately. — Come back immediately.

Cats can sneak very slowly. — Cats are very good at sneaking slow.

Adverbs of place

Place adverbs such as here — here, there — there, also at the end of the sentence.

We will build a church here. — We will build here church.

His office is there. — His office there.

Place of adverbs of tense in a sentence

At the end of the sentence, adverbs indicating a specific time are used: now — now, now, tomorrow — tomorrow, yesterday — yesterday, etc. Do not confuse them with such adverbs as often — often, Rarely — rarely, always — always, never — never, indicating the frequency of action — they are also called adverbs of frequency (adverbs of frequency).

Don’t forget to return the books tomorrow. “Don’t forget to return the books tomorrow.

You will be safe now. — Now you will be safe.

The same adverbs, especially if you need to emphasize them, are often used at the beginning of a sentence:

tomorrow we will put an end to it. — Tomorrow we will put an end to this.

Now you will tell me the truth. — Now you will tell me the truth.

Place of adverbs of frequency (always, never, etc.)

Frequency adverbs are a type of time adverb that indicates how often an action takes place: often — often, Sometimes — sometimes, always, ever — always, never — never, Rarely — rarely, usually — usually. They are located in the middle of the sentence.

I usually take a bus to work. — I usually take the bus to work.

You can always use my tools. “You can always use my tools.

Usually sometimes found at the beginning of a sentence.

usually, we have lunch together. “We usually have lunch together.

Please note that if the adverb of frequency indicates not an indefinite frequency (always, rarely), but a specific one (every day, on Sundays), it is usually used at the end of a sentence:

We go to the swimming pool on Sundays… — We go to the pool on Sundays.

He reads in English every day. — He reads in English every day.

Place of adverbs of measure and degree

Adverbs of measure and degree include words such as: really — really, very, very — very, extremely — extremely, quite — enough, fair — just, just now, Almost — almost. They are in the middle of the sentence.

Adverbs of measure and degree can be used with an adjective or other adverb in front of them.

• Adverb before adjective:

The noise was too loud. — The noise was too loud.

It was extremely dangerous. — It was extremely dangerously.

• Adverb before another adverb:

They can also characterize the actions and states expressed by the verb. Let me remind you that if there is one verb in a sentence, then “in the middle of the sentence” — before this verb.

If there is an auxiliary or modal verb, then “in the middle of a sentence” is after the modal or auxiliary verb.

Some reinforcing adverbs such as really — really, surely, certainly — exactly, of course, definitely — definitely, can come before an auxiliary or modal verb.

Exceptions — adverb enough (enough), it comes after the word being defined.

Source: https://langformula.ru/english-grammar/adverb-position/

Adverbs in English: rules of education and place in a sentence with tables and translation

An adverb is a part of speech that answers the question «How?» and characterizes a verb, adjective or other adverb. There are different types of adverbs — manner of action (how), place (where), time (when), degree (to what extent), frequency (how often), opinions. Consider the rules for using adverbs in English.

Formation of adverbs in English

How are adverbs formed? By structure, adverbs can be divided into the following groups:

Simple	Derivatives	Composite	Composite
long (long)	slowly	anyhow (in any way)	at once (immediately)
enough (enough)	wise (similarly)	sometimes (sometimes)	at last (finally)
then (then)	forward	nowhere (nowhere)	so far (so far)

The most common way to form adverbs is by adding the -ly suffix to the adjective. Such adverbs usually have a similar meaning to them.

Adjective	Adverb
bad	badly (poorly)
Beautiful	beautifully (beautiful)
carefully	Carefully (attentively)
quick	quickly (quickly)
quiet	quietly (quiet)
soft	gently (soft)

Consider the spelling change when adding the -ly suffix:

• le changing to ly (gentle — gently)
• y changing to ily (easy — easily)
• ic changing to ically (automatic — automatically)
• ue changing to uly (true — truly)
• ll changing to eye (full — fully)

Other examples of suffixes: -ward (s), -long, -wise

• clockwise
• forward
• headlong

Adverbs are exceptions

Some adverbs can be both adjectives and adverbs in different situations without adding suffixes:

• It was a fast train. The train went fast.
• He returned from a long journey. Will you stay here long?
• The price is very low. The plane flew very low.
• We have very little time. He reads very little.

Other examples of exceptions are hard, high, deep, last, late, near, wide, early, far, straight, right, wrong.

Most common exception: good — well.

Some adverbs have two forms — one without -ly and one with it. These forms have different meanings. Examples: hard / hardly, last / lastly, late / lately, near / nearly, high / highly.

Adjective	Adverb without -ly	Adverb with -ly
He is a hard worker	He works hard	I could hardly understand him (I could hardly understand him)
He returned in late autumn (He returned in late autumn)	I went to bed late yesterday (I went to bed late yesterday)	I haven’t seen him lately (I haven’t seen him lately)
He is studying the history of the Near East	He lives quite near	It is nearly 5 o’clock (Now almost 5 o’clock)
The house is very high	The plane flew very high	It is a highly developed state

Place and order of adverbs in a sentence

Where is the adverb in English? The position in the sentence depends on the type of adverb (read below), their number and other factors.

— before adjectives, other adverbs and participles	The task was surprisingly simple.He walked very fast.We are extremely interested in their offer.
— usually after verbs	He speaks slowly
— at the beginning of a sentence for emphasis	Slowly, he entered the room. Now I understand what you mean
— when there are two or more adverbs in a sentence, they go in the following order: manner — place — time	She spoke very well here last time
— if the sentence contains a verb of movement (go, come, leave etc.), the adverbs go in this order: place — manner — time	She arrived here by train yesterday

Types of adverbs in English with lists

The following classification of adverbs is distinguished — the adverbs of the mode of action, time, frequency, place and direction, degree and opinion. Let’s consider all these groups in more detail.

Adverbs of manner

Such adverbs tell us how something is happening: well, badly, slowly, and so on.

• How did John behave? He behaved badly.
• Did you sleep well?
• He came very quickly

We do not use adverbs after linking verbs to be, become, feel, get, look, seem. We use adjectives after them.

• Sue felt happy
• Nobody seemed amused
• I am not sure

Mode adverbs appear before the main verb, after auxiliary verbs, or at the end of a sentence

• They quickly returned
• He was anxiously waiting for their reply
• She smiled kindly

Adverbs of time

List of adverbs of the time: When (when), now (now), then (then, then) before (before, before) after (then, after), afterwards (subsequently), once (once), fair (just now, just), still (still), already / yet (already), yet (yet, yet), since (since), early (early), lately / recently (recently), suddenly (suddenly), soon (soon), long (for a long time), August (ago), today (today), Tomorrow (tomorrow), yesterday (yesterday) etc.

Tense adverbs usually appear at the end of a sentence. They can be placed in the first place for emphasis, in other words, to give the desired stylistic coloring:

• I saw her yesterday
• Still I can’t understand what happened then (still ahead for dramatic coloring)

Some monosyllabic adverbs of the tense (soon, now, then) come before the main verbs and after the auxiliary verbs:

• I now understand what he means
• She will soon come back home

Remarks:

1. We say tonight (tonight / night), tomorrow night, last night (not “yesterday night”)
2. Already and yet can mean already. At the same time, already is used only in statements, and yet in questions and negations.
3. The preposition for can mean “during” and is used with adverbs of time: for a long time, for 10 years.

Adverbs of frequency

They answer the question «How often?» The most common ones are: always (always), generally, normally, normally (usually), frequently, frequently (often), seldom, rarely (rarely), Sometimes (sometimes), from time to time, occasionally (occasionally), never (never).

Where to put such adverbs? Frequency adverbs come after auxiliary verbs, but before the main semantic ones:

• He has never visited us.
• Paul is often barks.
• He Sometimes comes here.

Generally, usually, normally, often, frequently, sometimes can be at the beginning of a sentence to give a stylistic coloring:

• I usually go to work by metro. — Usually, I go to work by metro.

Adverbs of place and direction

List of the main adverbs of place and direction: here (here), there (there, there), Where (where, where), somewhere, anywhere (somewhere, somewhere) nowhere (nowhere, nowhere) elsewhere (somewhere else) far away (far), near (close), inside (inside), outside (outside), above (above, above), below (below, below).

Such adverbs are usually placed at the end of a sentence:

• How long are they going to stay here?

Somewhere, anywhere, nowhere

Source: https://dundeeclub.ru/grammar/narechiya-v-anglijskom-yazyke-s-perevodom-tablitsami-i-primerami-adverbs.html

Adverbs in English sentences. Where do they belong?

Adverbs are words that describe verbs, adjectives, other adverbs, or phrases. They often answer the question «How?» (How?). For example:

She sings beautifully.
She sings beautifully. (How does she sing? Beautifully.)
He runs very Fast.
He runs very fast. (How fast does he run? Very fast.)
I occasionally practice speaking English.
From time to time I practice conversational English. (How often do I practice? From time to time.)

The place occupied by an adverb in an English sentence depends on what type this adverb belongs to. It is in this aspect that we will understand in today’s English lesson.

1. Do not put an adverb between the verb and the object of its action

In the next sentence painted is a verb and the house — an object. carefullyas you might have guessed — this is an adverb.

I Carefully painted the house. = Correctly
I painted the house Carefully. = Correctly
I painted Carefully the house. = Wrong

Here’s another example. In this sentence read Is a verb, a book Is the object of action, and Sometimes — adverb.

I Sometimes read a book before bed. = Correctly
Sometimes I read a book before bed. = Correctly
I read a book before bed Sometimes. = Acceptable, but only in informal situations
I read Sometimes a book before bed. = Wrong

Front position: at the beginning of a sentence

suddenly the phone rank.
Suddenly the phone rang.

fortunately, no one was injured.
Fortunately, no one was hurt.

Maybe I’ll go for a walk.
Maybe I’ll go for a walk.

Mid position: next to the main verb

I always exercise before work.
I always do my exercises before work.

They have Completely forgotten about our appointment.
They completely forgot about our meeting.

He was probably late for the interview.
He was probably late for the interview.

She slowly began to recover from her illness.
She slowly began to recover from her illness.

End position: at the end of a sentence

You speak English well.
You speak English well.

Please sit there.
Please sit here.

They ate dinner quietly.
They dined quietly.

Mode of action adverbs

quickly, slowly, easily, happily, well, * badly, seriously

The position in the middle of the sentence makes the adverb less expressive:

He quickly corrected his mistake.
He quickly corrected his mistake.
She easily passed the test.
She passed the test easily.
We happily

Source: https://english-bird.ru/position-of-adverbs/

The participle in English (The Participle)

According to the impersonal forms of the verb, we only have the English participle for dessert. And here I have 2 news for you. I’ll start with the good one: a participle in English can correspond to a Russian participle. Bad news: the English participle can also correspond to the Russian participle. And bonus news: the English participle can be easily confused with a gerund. And in a whisper: the English participle has several forms. 

Now, don’t panic! Once you probably confused the letters «G» and «J» in the English alphabet, but this is already a distant past. We’ll figure it out, put it on the shelves and go to practice.

What is an English participle

This is another impersonal form of the verb that combines the following properties:

— verb (denotes action)
broken heart — broken heart;

— adjective (can answer the question «which»)  
working machine — a working mechanism;

— adverbs (can answer the question «how?», «Where?», «Where?», «When?», «Why?», «For what purpose?», «To what extent?») 
He was rather furious asking Ann about the school marks — He was pretty angry asking Anya about her grades. (Was angry when? Asking for grades)

Forms of the English participle

There are two main types:

1. participle I (Participle I), or present participle (Present Participle):

1.1. Present Participle Simple
This is an imperfect analogue of our Russian participle or gerunds.

Walking Look at that walking man. Look at that man walking.

I can’t be serious walking with you in the street. I can’t be serious walking down the street with you.

1.2. Present participle perfect
This is a perfect analogue of the Russian gerunds.

Having done
Having done the work she went home. After completing the work, she went home.

Source: https://iloveenglish.ru/theory/anglijskaya_grammatika/prichastie_v_anglijskom_yazike

Adverbs in English (Adverbs)

The adverb is the part of speech that determines when, where, and how an action is taken. A feature of this part of speech is also that it is capable of transmitting signs of an adjective or other adverb. It is also important to remember that adverbs in English play the role of circumstances. Consider the formation of adverbs, give vivid examples and exceptions to the rules where they are put in a sentence, and also consider the degrees of comparison.

Adverbs in English: Basic Functions

It will be easy for beginner students who have just decided to study languages ​​to master this topic, since the adverb in English performs the same functions as in Russian, and is often placed in an identical position. Therefore, the language barrier will be overcome quickly and easily.

The most commonly used types of adverbs in tables =>

Place adverbs WHERE (ADVERBS OF PLACE)

close	near
long away	far
inside	inside
there	there
everywhere	everywhere
here	here

Time adverbs WHEN (ADVERBS OF TIME)

late	late
soon	soon
early	early
then	then
today	today
now	now

On a note! When, where and why are relative adverbs. The tenses are used in any speech — business, colloquial, artistic and narrow-profile. Relative words can easily and simply explain any situation.

Action adverbs HOW (ADVERBS OF MANNER)

carefully	Carefully
poorly	badly
fast	solid
simple / easy	easily
complicated	hard
loud	loudly

Adverbs of measure and degree TO WHAT EXTENT (ADVERBS OF DEGREE)

rather	rather
terribly	terribly
almost	Almost
too	too
very	very
really	really

If you find it difficult to learn the words themselves and understand the adverbs and the rules that the table indicates, use them in sentences. By examples it is always easier to learn a rule, of all kinds.

Here are some examples:

The girl faced the difficult situation very bravely => The girl met a difficult situation very bravely. The adverb answers the question How? How?

My mom came home late because she didn’t manage to catch the bus => Mom came home late (when Mom came home, time was later) because she could not catch the bus. The adverb answers the question When? When?

The Professor explained the theory three times and extremely patiently => The professor explained the theory three times and very patiently. The adverb answers the question To what extent? To what extent?

These yummy mushrooms were everywhere => These delicious mushrooms were everywhere (everywhere). The adverb answers the question Where? Where?

Rules for the formation of an adverb in English

All adverbs in which the English language is rich are divided into 4 categories =>

1. Simple (Simple Adverbs)

Source: https://speakenglishwell.ru/narechiya-v-anglijskom-yazyke-adverbs/

Suffix -LY in English

Details Karina Galchenko

: 01 August 2019

36580

: 4/5

Is there a difference between bad and badly? You need to remember forever what role it plays suffix –ly in Englishto never ask questions like this again. Bad is bad and badly is bad. These are different parts of speech, each of which plays its own, special role in the sentence.

Why is the –ly suffix needed in English?

You should know that suffix –ly in English serves to form adverbs, that is, words that answer the question «how?» Usually the word + -ly refers to an action.

Example:

They speak English fluently. — They speak English fluently.

Here fluently is fluent + — ly. Fluent translates to «fluent». We cannot in any way characterize the action with the help of this word. You get something like this:

They speak English fluent. — They speak fluent English.

It turns out that the -ly suffix in English is very important, since it serves to form words that characterize not an object / person, but an action.

examples:

His Chinese is bad. — His Chinese is bad. (bad refers to Chinese. Which Chinese? — Bad).

He speaks Chinese badly. — He speaks bad Chinese. (badly refers to speak. How does he speak? — Bad).

It turns out that we cannot do without –ly if we want to build sentences in English correctly.

The suffix -ly in English. Examples of

Let’s take a look at a few additional sentences in order to remember even better when to use suffix –ly in English.

proposal	translation
Amanda is an ideal teacher. She teaches children ideally.	Amanda is the perfect teacher. She teaches children perfectly.
The music is too loud… You listen to the music loudly.	The music is too loud. You listen to music too loud.
His decision is very quick… He made a decision quickly.	His decision is very quick. He made a quick decision.
Our speech is clear… We speak Clearly.	Our speech is understandable. We speak clearly.
The task is easy… I did it easily.	The task is simple. I dealt with it easily.
It is a serious responsibility. You should take it seriously.	This is a serious responsibility. You should take this seriously.
The project was successful… We completed it successfully.	The project was successful. We completed it successfully.

 The suffix -ly in English. Exceptions

As always, there were some exceptions. Remember these pairs.

good — well

fast (fast) — fast (fast)

late (late) — late (late)

difficult (difficult, difficult) — with difficulty (with difficulty)

near (close) — near (close)

Want to learn more English words and learn how to build sentences correctly? Sign up to study at our school!

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Source: http://fluenglish.com/stati/studentam-na-zametku/32-dlya-vsekh/438-suffiks-ly-v-anglijskom.html

Word Order of Adverbs

1. Adverbs of manner can be used in any position. In front position they give emphasis.

e.g. She opened the letter carefully. Carefully, she opened the letter.

2. Adverbs of manner, place and time, when used in the same sentence, are usually placed as follows

Subject + verb	manner	place	time
He was working	quietly	in the shed	all day.

       Adverbs of manner usually go in end position, but an adverb which ends in ly can sometimes go in mid position.

e.g. We asked permission politely. We politely asked permission.

3. Note that when there is a verb of movement, the order is place – manner – time

Subject + verb	place	manner	time
She went	there	by bus	yesterday.

4. Adverbs of time usually go in end position. They also go in front position to emphasize the time.

5. Adverbs of frequency (always, ever, occasionally, seldom, sometimes, usually etc) go after the first auxiliary but before the main verb.

e.g. She was always complaining. She always comes on time.

       In short answers, however, adverbs of frequency go before the auxiliary.

e.g. Is he always so bad tempered? — Yes, he always is.

      Normally, usually, often, sometimes and occasionally can also go in front or end position.

e.g.  Normally Sarah goes by train. I feel depressed sometimes.

6. Adverbs of degree (almost, hardly, quite etc) go before the words they modify.

e.g. I’ve almost finished.

7. An adverb does not usually go between the verb and the direct object. It is put in end position, after the object. But an adverb can go before a long object.

e.g. Tom ate his breakfast quickly. Detectives examined carefully the contents of the dead man’s pockets.

8. A sentence adverb is a word or phrase like certainly, perhaps, luckily, of course. The adverb can go in front, mid or end position. Sometimes we put a comma after or before the adverb, especially in front, mid or end position.

e.g. Fortunately, the weather stayed fine. We’ll probably have to queue for tickets. Rachel was late, of course.

       In a negative sentence, probably and certainly come before auxiliary verbs.

e.g. We probably won’t get there in time.

9. There can be more than one adverb or adverbial phrase in end position. Usually a single-word adverb comes before a phrase.

e.g. They landed safely on a small airfield.

When there is a close link in meaning between a verb and an adverb, then the adverb goes next to the verb. With verbs of movement like go, come and move, a phrase of place comes before time.

e.g. My parents moved to London in 1993.

But often two adverbial phrases can go in either order.

e.g. The concert was held at the arts centre last night.

       The concert was held last night at the arts centre.

10. In a positive statement, still and already usually go in the mid position. In a negative statement still goes before haven’t, can’t, etc. In a question still and already usually go after the subject.

e.g.  Sarah isn’t home yet. She’s still at work. My friend is sixteen, and she still can’t swim.

        Are you still waiting after all this time?

1. Complete the conversations using the words in brackets.

1. Did you know the man who tried to steal your bag? – No, but I (certainly, would, recognize) him.
2. The weather is a lot better today. – It said on the radio it (probably, rain, will, later).
3. How do we get to Mike’s place? – I don’t know. I (didn’t, fully, understand) the directions.
4. It’s quite here today, isn’t it? – Yes, the neighbours (usually, are) out on a Sunday.
5. Have you been to this place before? – Yes, I (it, occasionally, visited) as a child.
6. Did the computers crash this morning? – Yes, but they (again, soon, were, working)
7. Your friend’s late, Vicky. – Rachel (forgotten, has, obviously) that we arranged to go out.

2. Rewrite the sentences putting the adverbs in the correct place and making any other necessary changes.

1. Ferries sail to the island. (weekly, twice, only, during the winter)
2. He does the shopping. (reluctantly, at the supermarket, every week)
3. She waited for her test results. (worriedly, in the hospital, all day)
4. The clock strikes twelve times. ( exactly, in the hall, at midnight)
5. My mother used to read to me. (aloud, always, in the evenings)
6. The soldiers marched. (to the battlefield, bravely, yesterday)
7. They go by car. (at weekends, to the leisure centre, sometimes)
8. We arrived after a bumpy flight. (in Scotland, eventually, safely, extremely)
9. The detective had been following the suspect. (all day, carefully)
10. She walks. (quickly, every morning, to the station)
11. The little boy ran. ( excitedly, from the room, suddenly)
12. She turned up looking annoyed. (at the party, unexpectedly, terribly)
13. He studied. (in his bedroom, hard, all morning)
14. She looked at her reflection. ( carefully, in the mirror, for ten minutes)
15. The children sit and play. (in their room, for hours, happily)
16. He waved goodbye. (to his friend, at the airport, sadly)
17. The old boat sailed into the harbour. (slowly, through the water, this afternoon)
18. He ran to answer the phone. (down the stairs, to the hall, quickly)
19. She sat reading a book. (all day, lazily, by the fire)
20. He looked to see if anyone was there. ( out the window, nervously, this morning)

3. Rewrite the text putting in the correct place.

A) A man called Alvin decided to rob a bank in Montgomery, Alabama. (once) Alvin’s parents had told him that good manners were important. (often) So Alvin went to the bank, stood in to the line and waited. (patiently) It was his turn. (soon) He pulled out a gun and threatened the cashier. (dramatically) She told him that he was in the wrong line and should go to another counter. (politely) Alvin went to the correct place and stood in line. (immediately, again) The police rushed in and arrested him. (suddenly) Alvin was amazed. They’d caught him before he’d done the robbery. (even) The moral of the story is that you shouldn’t do what your parents tell you. (always) 

B) Have you though about your child’s future? (carefully) have you thought about sending your child to boarding school, but have been worried about how your child would react to being away from you? (particularly) On the 22^nd and 23^rd of this month, we at St James are opening our doors to parents like you. St James is located near Chatwick main train station and sits on a mountainside overlooking the Menta Lakes.(conveniently, picturesquely) Students sleep in twin rooms that have been redecorated and are designed to be as comfortable as possible. (tastefully, specially) Students work hard and are supervised by experienced teachers. (all day) In the evening they can sit in our comfortable canteen for a very nutritious meal prepared by our resident chef who selects only fresh ingredients (daily, expertly) Once you’ve spent the day with day us, we can guarantee you and your child will want to reserve a place. (at once)

4. Translate from Russian into English.

1. These shoes are really (плохо) made.
2. He looked (сердито) at me.
3. It’s dangerous when people drive so (быстро).
4. At this time it began to snow (сильно).
5. They lived (счастливо) ever after.
6. Mary looked (сердито).
7. The material is (высоко) radioactive.
8. The medicine tastes (ужасно).
9. They were speaking very (тихо).
10. Emma’s tooth ached (ужасно).
11. I’d like to arrive (рано), if I can.
12. I’m afraid we didn’t play very (хорошо).
13. I went to bed (поздно).
14. I slept (плохо) last night.
15. She was walking very (быстро).
16. I (почти) missed her.
17. The plane flew (высоко) in the sky.
18. The strawberries are fresh and taste (прекрасно).

5. Change the following sentences using the words given.

1. If you work too late, you’ll be tired tomorrow. – The __________.
2. I’ve never heard such good news. – It’s __________.
3. He’s more hard working than his brother. – His brother __________.
4. She looks more self-assured than she is.  – She __________.
5. He is steadily rich. – He is __________.
6. Isn’t there a quicker way to do this? – What __________?
7. She’s got the same amount of money as I have. – She __________.
8. She has the best pronunciation in the class. – Her __________.
9. A powerful car uses a lot of fuel. – The __________.
10. Supermarkets are more convenient than small shops. – Small __________.
11. I haven’t eaten as much as you. – You __________.
12. Jack isn’t as interested in football as his brother is. – His brother __________.
13. We expected the play to be better. – The play __________.

6.   Study the following examples and rephrase sentences, as in the examples.

      1.  Going parachuting is more dangerous than playing basketball.

a) Playing basketball is less dangerous than going parachuting.

b) Playing basketball isn’t half as dangerous as going parachuting.

      2.  The antique desk is more expensive than the iron bed.

      3.  The yellow dress is not as elegant as the grey one.

      4.  The action film was more exciting than the comedy.

      5.  Travelling by train is more comfortable than travelling by bus.

      6.  Your apple pie was more delicious than my sister’s.

      7.  He spends more money on CDs than his friend.

7. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the adjectives in brackets making any other necessary changes. Then, match the sayings with their explanations.

1. Actions speak (loud) words.
2. His bark is (bad) his bite.
3. She was (proud) a peacock when she won a spelling contest.
4. Absence makes the heart grow (fond).
5. The grass is always (green) on the other side of the fence.
6. Blood is (thick) water.
7. Giving up bad habits is (easy) said done.
8. Laughter is (good) medicine.
9. (Good) late never.
10. I’ve heard that joke lots of times. It (old) the hills.

A) Being away from somebody makes you realize how much they mean to you.

B) It’s better for something to happen late instead of not happening at all.

C) He isn’t as bad tempered as you think he is.

D) That joke is very old.

E) Family ties are stronger than other relationships.

F) It’s more difficult to stop doing something than to say you’re going to stop doing it.

G) Being cheerful and optimistic helps you forget your problems and troubles.

H) Life seems better in other places.

I) She was pleased with herself when she won the spelling contest.

J) People are judged more by what they do than by what they say.

8. Change the following sentences using the words given.

1. Fish and meat are the same price in many restaurants. – Fish costs just __________.
2. The doctor can’t see you earlier than Wednesday I’m afraid. – Wednesday is __________.
3. I must have a rest. I can’t walk any more. – I can’t go __________.
4. Home computers used to be much more expensive.  – Home computers aren’t __________.
5. I though that learning to drive would be difficult, but it isn’t. – Learning to drive is __________.
6. Barbara can skate just as well as John can. – John isn’t __________.
7. I didn’t arrive as early as I expected. – I arrived _________.
8. All other pubs are further away. – This pub __________.
9. Is this the best price you can offer? – Can’t you __________?
10. Paula’s work is less careful than before. – Paula has been working __________.