Сегодня рассмотрим, что делать в ситуации, когда к одному существительному в английском языке относится два и более прилагательных. Данные прилагательные должны идти в определенной последовательности.
Порядок следования прилагательных в английском предложении таков:
|
1 |
JUDGEMENT, GENERAL CHRACTERIZATION (общее впечатление) |
selfish, nasty, irritable |
|
2 |
SIZE (размер) |
large, little, huge, small |
|
3 |
AGE (возраст) |
old, new, young |
|
4 |
FORM / SHAPE (форма) |
round, square, thick |
|
5 |
COLOUR (цвет) |
blue, pale green, red, bright yellow |
|
6 |
ORIGIN (происхождение) |
french, Italian |
|
7 |
SUBSTANCE (материал) |
woolen, wooden, plastic |
|
8 |
PURPOSE (цель, назначение) |
working, cleaning |
К примеру, мы будем говорить
A large black and white hunting dog
A big oval pale brown seed
Нужно понимать, что иногда порядок прилагательных не соблюдается, когда говорящему важно подчеркнуть какое-либо качество. Особенно это касается пунктов цвет, размер и форма – здесь могут быть перестановки.
Если прилагательные относятся к одной категории – между ними необходимо ставить запятые.
She is a selfish, nasty, irritable woman. (Все прилагательные относятся к группе JUDGEMENT, GENERAL CHRACTERIZATION)
Если прилагательные относятся к разным группам – запятой не нужно.
A nice little old woman.
Также обратите внимание на тот факт, что если у вас есть прилагательное в сравнительной или превосходной степени, то такое прилагательное будет стоять на первом месте независимо от его значения.
The oldest nice little woman
Некоторые прилагательные всегда стоят после существительных. К таким прилагательным относятся прилагательные, указывающие на меру:
- Wide – в ширину,
- Long – в длину,
- Deep — в глубину,
- High – в высоту
It was a nice lаke 10 meters deep.
В некоторых фразах французского происхождения (в основном связанных с законом), прилагательное идет после существительного:
- Attorney general — генеральный прокурор,
- Heir apparent — наследник,
- Time immemorial — незапамятные времена,
- Queen Regnant — царствующая королева,
- Body politic – политический орган,
- Lord Spiritual – духовный владыка
Как видите, правильный порядок прилагательных в английском языке – не самая сложная тема, однако, давайте выполним несколько упражнений, чтобы закрепить это правило.
Порядок прилагательных: упражнения
Упражнение 1. Распределите следующие прилагательные по группам в зависимости от значения:
Bad, zigzag, round, Floridian, youthful, big, teenage, red, black, concrete, free, great, cotton, flat, antique, brown, international, large, oceanic, ceramic, dance, spherical, transparent, local, Irish, sleeping, military, political, French, recent, triangular, swinging, strong, white, young, glass, Spanish, wooden, ancient, walking, small, racing, mature, yellowish, infantile, Australian, blue, fabric, straight, cooking, plastic, equatorial, leather, old-fashioned, metal, tiny, steel, circular, square, huge, oval, pink, little, orange, northern, polar, American, work
General characterization: ____________________________
Size: _____________________________________________
Age: _____________________________________________
Shape: ___________________________________________
Color: ____________________________________________
Purpose: __________________________________________
Origin: ____________________________________________
Material: __________________________________________
Упражнение 2. Put the following into the correct order
1) suede / French / blue / soft / shoes
2) young / tall / Englishman
3) oval / Venetian / antique / valuable / glass
4) expensive / shiny / large / yellow / leather / case
5) oval / wooden / modern / nice / table
6) large / stone / beautiful / cottage
7) porcelain / tea / blue / thin / cup
tall / handsome / young / blonde / man
9) English / old / several / beautiful / castles
10) young / pretty / a lot of / French / girls
11) dark blue / best / silk / my / shirt
Упражнение 3. Put the adjectives in the correct order to describe the musical instruments
1) a / old / yellow / big / contrabass
2) a / new / yellow and brown / electric guitar
3) a / golden / big / saxophone
4) new / big / drums
5) a / old / big / black piano
Упражнение 4. Определите верный порядок прилагательных
- (red / long / cheap) dress
- (wooden / new / huge) table
- (beautiful / brick / new) house
- (Japanese / green / fantastic) car
- (Russian / silver / round) coin
- (Nicе / blue / wooden) wall
- (American / sentimental / long) song
- (fair / curly / short) hair
Ответы к упражнениям:
Упражнение 1.
General characterization: bad, free, great, strong, old-fashioned
Size: big, large, small, tiny, huge, little
Age: youthful, teenage, antique, recent, young, ancient, mature, infantile
Shape: zigzag, round, flat, spherical, triangular, straight, circular, square, oval
Color: red, black, brown, transparent, white, yellowish, blue, pink, orange,
Purpose: dance, sleeping, military, political, swinging, walking, racing, cooking, work
Origin: Floridian, international, oceanic, local, Irish, French, Spanish, Australian, equatorial, northern, polar, American,
Material: concrete, cotton, ceramic, glass, wooden, fabric, plastic, leather, metal, steel,
Упражнение 2.
1) soft blue French suede shoes
2) tall young Englishman
3) valuable antique oval Venetian glass
4) expensive shiny large yellow leather case
5) nice modern oval wooden table
6) beautiful large stone cottage
7) thin blue porcelain tea cup
handsome tall young blonde man
9) several beautiful old English castles
10) a lot of pretty young French girls
11) my best dark blue silk shirt
Упражнение 3.
1) a big old yellow contrabass
2) a new yellow and brown electric guitar
3) a big golden saxophone
4) big new drums
5) a big old black piano
Упражнение 4.
- Cheap long red dress
- New huge wooden table
- Beautiful new brick house
- Fantastic green Japanese car
- Round Russian silver coin
- Nicе blue wooden wall
- Sentimental long American song
- Short fair curly hair
Понравилось? Сохраните на будущее и поделитесь с друзьями!
Do you say handsome, young, three men, or three handsome young men? Adjectives are more challenging than we think because we have to consider their order in sentences. This guide will show you the correct order of adjectives in the English language.
I provided a three-part test to help you practice your understanding of adjective order. Then, check your answer using the answer key.
Order of Adjectives
Sometimes we can use more than one suitable adjective to describe nouns, but it’s important to know what order to list them in. Follow this order when forming phrases or sentences with multiple adjectives and a noun or any noun equivalent.
1. Determiner (e.g., the, some, a, an, these, etc.)
2. Quantity (e.g., One, seven, few, etc.)
3. Opinion (e.g., delicious, intelligent, misunderstood, important, etc.)
- General opinion, which is held by many (e.g., popular)
- Specific opinion, which is personal (e.g., person)
4. Size (e.g., medium, small, huge, enormous, tall, etc.)
5. Age (e.g., new, old, second-newest, etc.)
6. Shape (e.g., round, geometric, square, etc.)
7. Color (e.g., red, yellowish, gray, etc.)
8. Origin/Material (e.g., American, wooden, leather, etc.)
9. Qualifier (e.g., hound dog, leather jacket, pickup truck, etc.)
Here are some examples.
- Three trendy, stylish, nylon bags
- Tall, black gorilla
- Amazing, little, decades-old cup
- A savory, old, Italian recipe
Order of Adjectives Exercise #2
Order of Adjectives Exercise #2
Choose the correct order of adjectives.
Which is correct in order of adjectives?
old, science fiction, interesting, twelve, Wells books
Twelve interesting, old, science fiction Wells books
Which is correct in order of adjectives?
Blue, three metal tables
Three blue, metal tables
Which is correct in order of adjectives?
A dozen of round, green, Granny Smith apples
Green, a, Granny Smith, dozen apples
Which is correct in order of adjectives?
Mediterranean, spicy, some, food
Some spicy Mediterranean food
Which is correct in order of adjectives?
Small tea twelve bags
Twelve small tea bags
Which is correct in order of adjectives?
Young ten kids
Ten young kids
A red checkered shirt
A checkered, red shirt
A red checkered shirt
Which is correct in order of adjectives?
old, French writing desk
French, old, writing desk
Order of Adjectives Exercise #3
Order of Adjectives Exercise #3
Put the adjectives in the correct order to complete the sentences.
Example: I bought a ________ (cotton, sun, short, green) dress for the wedding.
Answer: short green cotton sun
We watched _____________________ (the, French, boring) film.
Our dog is _____________________ (a brown, big, scary, German) shepherd.
I bought _____________________ (white gold, two, old, beautiful) necklaces.
She got me _____________________ (a, leather, stylish, brown) jacket.
The glasses cost _____________________ (ten, US) dollars.
The lady is wearing _____________________ (yellow, long, a) dress.
They borrowed _____________________ (my, evening, silk, black and white) dress.
Final Thoughts
My handy guide has shown you the correct sequence of adjectives when writing sentences. Learning this topic will help you become more descriptive in your writing. For instance, instead of only saying big truck, you can say big white pickup truck.
Don’t forget to answer the worksheets. Then, after taking each quiz, check your answers with the answer key.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Order of Adjectives
Exercise 1. Put the adjectives in the correct order to describe the musical instruments.
1) a / old / yellow / big / contrabass
2) a / new / yellow and brown / electric guitar
3) a / golden / big / saxophone
4) new / big / drums
5) a / old / big / black piano
Exercise 2. Divide the following adjectives into groups according to their meaning:
Bad, zigzag, round, Floridian, youthful, big, teenage, red, black, concrete, free, great, cotton, flat, antique, brown, international, large, oceanic, ceramic, dance, spherical, transparent, local, Irish, sleeping, military, political, French, recent, triangular, swinging, strong, white, young, glass, Spanish, wooden, ancient, walking, small, racing, mature, yellowish, infantile, Australian, blue, fabric, straight, cooking, plastic, equatorial, leather, old-fashioned, metal, tiny, steel, circular, square, huge, oval, pink, little, orange, northern, polar, American, work
General characterization (opinion): ____________________________
Size: _____________________________________________
Age: _____________________________________________
Shape: ___________________________________________
Colour: ____________________________________________
Purpose: __________________________________________
Origin: ____________________________________________
Material: __________________________________________
Exercise 3. Put the following words into the correct order:
1) suede / French / blue / soft / shoes
2) young / tall / Englishman
3) oval / Venetian / antique / valuable / glass
4) expensive / shiny / large / yellow / leather / case
5) oval / wooden / modern / nice / table
6) large / stone / beautiful / cottage
7) porcelain / tea / blue / thin / cup
tall / handsome / young / blonde / man
9) English / old / several / beautiful / castles
10) young / pretty / a lot of / French / girls
11) dark blue / best / silk / my / shirt
1. Choose the correct answers (a-c) to complete the sentences.
1 On our trip, we visited a shop selling ……… furniture.
a old beautiful Chinese
b Chinese beautiful old
c beautiful old Chinese
2 We ordered some ……… olives with our meal.
a small black Greek
b Greek black small
c black small Greek
3 My parents are buying a ……… sofa next week.
a new red comfortable
b red comfortable new
c comfortable new red
4 Our favourite singer has just married a ……… politician.
a middle-aged German tall
b tall middle-aged German
c German tall middle-aged
5 In the story, a girl finds the key to a ……… box.
a strange black antique
b black strange antique
c strange antique black
6 Look at those ……… kittens – they’re so cute!
a white young tiny
b tiny young white
c young tiny white
Answer
1 c 2 a 3 c 4 b 5 c 6 b
2. Choose the correct answers (a or b) to complete the text.
A young contestant at the Mental Calculation World Cup
There are more and more reports of child prodigies – children with exceptional talents. One of these is the 1……… maths genius Cameron Thompson. As a 2……… boy, he corrected his teacher by saying that zero isn’t the lowest number, because she had forgotten about negative numbers. A(n) 3……… girl called Priyanshi Somani won the Mental Calculation World Cup in 2010, held at the relatively 4……… university of Magdeburg. And a 5……… boy from Berlin started playing the violin at the age of two. Akim Camara has performed in front of 18,000 people, wearing a 6……… suit and playing a baby-size violin.
1 a Welsh amazing b amazing Welsh
2 a clever four-year-old b four-year-old clever
3 a Indian young b young Indian
4 a new German b German new
5 a remarkable little b little remarkable
6 a black tiny b tiny black
Answer
1 b 2 a 3 b 4 a 5 a 6 b
3. Complete each sentence with the most appropriate two adjectives below in the correct order.
ancient delicious famous Greek Italian purple
tiny Turkish white young
1 The red and ………………………… flag has a moon and a star on it.
2 The Parthenon is a(n) ………………………… temple in Athens.
3 She picked up the ………………………… boy to stop him from crying.
4 Michelangelo was a(n) ………………………… painter.
5 Let’s make a fruit salad – we can use these ………………………… grapes.
Answer
1 white Turkish 2 ancient Greek 3 tiny young
4 famous Italian 5 delicious purple
4. Choose the correct adjective. If both are correct, put a tick.
1 Don’t be afraid / frightened; the dog won’t hurt you.
2 His only alive / living relatives live in New Zealand.
3 Are you angry / annoyed because I’m late?
4 It’s a lonely / an alone life on that tiny island.
5 The glad / happy students celebrated the end of their exams with a party.
6 Shut the door quietly – your father’s asleep / sleeping.
Answer
1 ✓ 2 living 3 ✓ 4 a lonely 5 happy 6 ✓
5. Complete the sentences with the words below. Use a dictionary to help you.
alone asleep aware content cross irritable sorry sure
1 I can’t be ………………………… , but that looks like Jaime over there.
2 If your brother’s still ………………………… , he’s going to miss breakfast!
3 When I’m on holiday, I always feel ………………………… just to sit on the beach and sunbathe.
4 No one was ………………………… that the date of the test had been changed.
5 Does your sister live ………………………… or with friends?
6 She seems really ………………………… about the accident.
7 He becomes ………………………… when he hasn’t had enough sleep.
8 Emma looks really ………………………… . What did you say to make her so angry?
Answer
1 sure 2 asleep 3 content 4 aware 5 alone
6 sorry 7 irritable 8 cross
Extra exercises
1. Choose the correct adjective to complete the sentences.
1 The afraid / frightened children hid during the storm.
2 We heard angry / annoyed voices from next door.
3 There are a lot of alone / lonely old people in the world.
4 There were a lot of glad / happy faces at the party.
5 He picked up the asleep / sleeping child and put her to bed.
Answer
1 frightened 2 angry 3 lonely 4 happy 5 sleeping
2. Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 The music streaming service Spotify has over 20 million providers / subscribers worldwide.
2 One of the funniest things about the show is the channel / interaction between the comedian and the audience.
3 Which provider / subscriber offers the best service?
4 The content / platform on the website isn’t good.
5 Does internet accessibility / feedback decrease the further you move away from your router?
Answer
1 subscribers 2 interaction 3 provider 4 content
5 accessibility
3. Replace the underlined words with extreme adjectives.
1 That film was very funny. ……………………………
2 We were very tired when we got home because we’d been travelling all day. ……………………………
3 My sister was really angry when I spilled coffee on her laptop. ……………………………
4 I’m really hungry because I didn’t have time for breakfast this morning. ……………………………
5 The little boy couldn’t take his eyes off the magic show. He was really interested. ……………………………
6 The actress was very frightened when she heard that someone was stalking her. ……………………………
Answer
1 hilarious 2 exhausted 3 furious 4 starving
5 fascinated 6 terrified
4. Complete the sentences with the phrases below.
be sure looks like most likely say that some kind
1 They’re ………………………… journalists, or something like that.
2 It looks to me like a festival of …………………………
3 I can’t …………………………, but I think it’s Broadway.
4 I’d ………………………… she was enjoying all the publicity.
5 It ………………………… some kind of castle, or maybe a palace.
Answer
1 most likely 2 some kind 3 be sure 4 say that
5 looks like