Word of the national anthem

Most nation states have an anthem, defined as «a song, as of praise, devotion, or patriotism»;^[1] most anthems are either marches or hymns in style. A song or hymn can become a national anthem under the state’s constitution, by a law enacted by its legislature, or simply by tradition.^[2] A royal anthem is a patriotic song similar to a national anthem, but it specifically praises or prays for a monarch or royal dynasty. Such anthems are usually performed at public appearances by the monarch or during other events of royal importance.^[3] Some states use their royal anthem as the national anthem, such as the state anthem of Jordan.

There are multiple claimants to the position of oldest national anthem.^[4] Among the national anthems, the first to be composed was the Dutch national anthem, the «Wilhelmus», which was written between 1568 and 1572.^[5] This has both Dutch and English language versions and is unusual in being an acrostic in both languages. The Japanese anthem, «Kimigayo», employs the oldest lyrics of any national anthem, taking its words from the «Kokin Wakashū», which was first published in 905, yet these words were not set to music until 1880.^[6] The first anthem to be officially adopted as such was the Spanish anthem «La Marcha Real», in 1770; its origins remain unclear; it is suggested that it has 16th century Venetian origins, or even that it was composed by king Frederick the Great himself; it is also one of the few national anthems that has never had official lyrics.^[7] Anthems became increasingly popular among European states in the 18th century.^[8] For example, the British national anthem «God Save the King» was first performed in 1745.^[9] The French anthem «La Marseillaise» was written half a century later in 1792, and adopted in 1795.^[10]

National anthems are usually written in the most common language of the state, whether de facto or official. States with multiple national languages may offer several versions of their anthem. For instance, Switzerland’s national anthem has different lyrics for each of the country’s four official languages: French, German, Italian, and Romansh.^[11] One of New Zealand’s two national anthems is commonly sung with the first verse in Māori («Aotearoa») and the second in English («God Defend New Zealand»). The tune is the same but the lyrics have different meanings. South Africa’s national anthem is unique in that it is two different songs put together with five of the country’s eleven official languages being used, in which each language comprises a stanza.^[12]

UN member states and observer statesEdit

Anthems of partially recognized states and territoriesEdit

NotesEdit

^ Only United Nations member states and observer states are included in this table.^[13]^[14]
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j «God Save the King» is the royal anthem of Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, the Bahamas, Canada, Jamaica, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, the Solomon Islands, and Tuvalu, and one of New Zealand’s two national anthems.
^ «My Belarusy» was originally adopted by the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic.
^ «Lijepa naša domovino» was originally adopted by the Socialist Republic of Croatia.
^ ^a ^b «Hymn to Liberty» or «Hymn to Freedom» is the national anthem of both Cyprus and Greece.
^ By the power of the Constitution of Cyprus, the Turkish national anthem «İstiklâl Marşı» was used when a Turkish Cypriot representative was present. The practice lasted up to 1963.
^ ^a ^b Originally adopted by Czechoslovakia as a part of its hymn in 1918 (together with Slovak «Nad Tatrou sa blýska»), and latter in 1993 by the Czech Republic (already without the Slovak part).
^ «Kong Christian stod ved højen mast» has equal status as a national anthem but is generally used only on royal and military occasions.
^ First performed in 1848. National anthem status gained through convention after independence in 1917.
^ Also known as «Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit» («Unity and justice and freedom»); only the third stanza of the song is the official national anthem.
^ Uses the same melody as «God Save the King»
^ Full anthem is with two verses.^[156]^[157]
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d This refers to «God Defend New Zealand», not «God Save the King».
^ Until the early 20th century, «Sønner av Norge» was the most recognised national anthem of Norway. Also «Norges Skaal» and «Mitt lille land» have at times been described as national anthems. Norway’s unofficial royal anthem is «Kongesangen».
^ «Ja, vi elsker dette landet» was first performed in 1864, but only gradually came to replace the older national anthem «Sønner av Norge» as de facto national anthem. It was adopted as the official national anthem 11 December 2019.
^ Also known by its incipit: «Jeszcze Polska nie zginęła, kiedy my żyjemy» («Poland Is Not Yet Lost, So long as we still live»).
^ «Zdravljica» was originally adopted by the Socialist Republic of Slovenia. Only the seventh stanza of the song is used as the national anthem.
^ The «National Anthem of South Africa» is a hybrid of «Nkosi Sikelel’ iAfrika» («God Bless Africa») and «Die Stem van Suid-Afrika»
(«The Call of South Africa»).
^ Declared official «Honor March» by Charles III in 1770, abolished 1820-1823, adopted as official anthem under Isabel II (r. 1833–1868), co-official during 1873-1874 and again abolished 1931-1939. Re-introduced in 1939.
^ Sweden’s royal anthem is «Kungssången».
^ Thailand’s royal anthem is «Phleng Sansoen Phra Barami».
^ Royal anthem in a number of Commonwealth realms, including the United Kingdom, but no official status as national anthem.
^ Anthems of the Countries of the United Kingdom (England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland), sometimes described as «national anthems», are not listed here. As non-sovereign states, they are listed at List of regional anthems.
^ This list is for those who have declared independence and are partially recognized.
^ «National Banner Song» is used as the alternate state anthem for Taiwan at international sporting events such as the Olympic Games and World Baseball Classic.
^ The official state name of Taiwan is the «Republic of China».

ReferencesEdit

General

Hang, Xing (2003). Encyclopedia of National Anthems. The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-4847-4.
Minahan, James B. (2009). The Complete Guide to National Symbols and Emblems [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-34497-8.

Specific

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^ «Yemeni National Anthem». Embassy of the Republic of Yemen London. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
^ Hang 2003, p. 692.
^ «Zambia National Anthem». Zambia Institute. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
^ Hang 2003, p. 696.
^ «Useful information — State symbols». mfaapsny.org. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
^ «State Symbols — NKR». www.nkr.am. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
^ «Kosovo Approves Anthem with No Lyrics». Balkan Insight. 11 June 2008. Archived from the original on 12 June 2008. Retrieved 11 June 2008. Most of the parliamentary groups said they listened to all three shortlisted proposals but opted for the composition called ‘Europe’ by Mehdi Mengjiqi, which has no lyrics as it would respect the multi-ethnic nature of Kosovo.
^ Hakki, Murat Metin (2007). The Cyprus Issue: A Documentary History, 1878-2006. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1-84511-392-6.
^ Minahan 2009, p. 367.
^ Minahan 2009, p. 631.
^ «Suena el himno — Somaliland» [Sound of the anthem — Somaliland] (in Spanish). RTVE. 7 August 2016. Retrieved 15 October 2020.
^ «National Anthem» (in Russian). Osinform. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
^ «National anthem». english.president.gov.tw. Office of the President. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
^ Smoltczyk, Alexander (24 April 2014). «Hopes Rise in Transnistria of a Russian Annexation». Der Spiegel. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
^ «National anthem» (in Russian). Ministry of Economic Development: Transdniestrian Moldavian Republic. Retrieved 8 July 2020.

External linksEdit

List of national anthems on The World Factbook
Various national anthems performed by the United States Navy Band

Источник

What is the national anthem? It is a song that officially symbolizes a country or nation and tells about its past, people, and pride. Most of these national songs are marches with fanfare. You can hear them on a wide variety of occasions, and usually, you need to stick to a certain etiquette. The main national song usually has lyrics in the most commonly used language in the territory of the country.

In most cases, lyrics are very poetical and beautiful, so you can hardly decipher them if you don’t know the language well enough. The Russian anthem can be easily recognized by the strong and hard-to-forget music and its Russian lyrics. Many people, even not knowing the Russian language, think it sounds very powerful.

The lyrics for the National Anthem of Russia were written by Segey Mikhalkov

Let’s take a look at the lyrics of the modern Russian national anthem, look into difficult parts of vocabulary, learn how it was written, and when it can be heard in everyday life, interesting facts about the songs that acted as main national songs in today’s Russia and its past.

Table of Contents

Russia’s Anthem Lyrics
Russian Anthem Vocabulary and Phrases
History of the Russian Anthem
Occasions when you can listen to this song
Interesting facts about Russian Anthem
Conclusion

1. Russia’s Anthem Lyrics

Actually, most Russians can’t remember the whole lyrics, but about half of them can sing the first verse off the top of their head. What is the name of the Russian national anthem? Here it is:

Государственный гимн Российской Федерации

Gosudarstvennyy gimn Rossiyskoy Federatsii

“Russian Federation National Anthem”

The Russian anthem lyrics are the following:

Verse 1

Россия – священная наша держава,

Россия – любимая наша страна.

Могучая воля, великая слава –

Твоё достоянье на все времена!

Rossiya – svyashchennaya nasha derzhava,

Rossiya – lyubimaya nasha strana.

Moguchaya volya, velikaya slava –

Tvoyo dostoyan’ye na vse vremena!

“Our Russia is our sacred state

Russia is our beloved country

Mighty will, great glory are

Your heirloom for all years to come!”

Chorus

Славься, Отечество наше свободное,

Братских народов союз вековой,

Предками данная мудрость народная!

Славься, страна! Мы гордимся тобой!

Slav’sya, Otechestvo

Nashe svobodnoye,

Bratskihk narodov soyuz vekovoy,

Predkami dannaya mudrost’ narodnaya!

Slav’sya, strana! My gordimsya toboy!

“Glory to our free Homeland

Centuries-old union of sister nations

Peoples’ wisdom given by the ancestors

Be glorious, country! We’re proud of you!”

Verse 2

От южных морей до полярного края

Раскинулись наши леса и поля.

Одна ты на свете! Одна ты такая –

Хранимая Богом родная земля!

Ot yuzhnykh morey do polyarnogo kraya

Raskinulis’ nashi lesa i polya.

Odna ty na svete! Odna ty takaya –

Khranimaya Bogom rodnaya zemlya!

“From southern seas up to the polar land,

Our forests and fields have spread.

You are one in the world! You are one of a kind –

Protected by God darling land!”

Chorus

Славься, Отечество наше свободное,

Братских народов союз вековой,

Предками данная мудрость народная!

Славься, страна! Мы гордимся тобой!

Slav’sya, Otechestvo

Nashe svobodnoye,

Bratskihk narodov soyuz vekovoy,

Predkami dannaya mudrost’ narodnaya!

Slav’sya, strana! My gordimsya toboy!

“Glory to our free Homeland

Centuries-old union of sister nations

Peoples’ wisdom given by the ancestors

Be glorious, country! We’re proud of you!”

Verse 3

Широкий простор для мечты и для жизни

Грядущие нам открывают года.

Нам силу даёт наша верность Отчизне.

Так было, так есть и так будет всегда!

Shirokiy prostor dlya mechty i dlya zhizni

Gryadushchiye nam otkryvayut goda.

Nam silu dayot nasha vernost’ Otchizne.

Tak bylo, tak yest’ i tak budet vsegda!

“A wide space for dreams and for living

The coming years open to us.

Our faithfulness to the Fatherland gives us power.

That was and that is and that will be forever!”

Here is a link to a video of people all over the country singing the anthem supporting the Olympic team.

The national anthem represents the tradition, history, and beliefs of a nation and its people

2. Russian Anthem Vocabulary and Phrases

The first difficult word to translate in Verse 1 is:

Держава. – Derzhava. – “State.”

It can be translated as state, because «держава», firstly, means independent state and, secondly, globe or orb, a symbol of power.

Могучая воля. – Moguchaya volya. – “Mighty will.”

Достоянье. – Dostoyan’ye. – “Heirloom.”

Отечество, Отчизна. – Otechestvo, Otchizna. – “Homeland, Motherland, Fatherland.”

The word «Отечество» is formed from old russian «отец» (farther) and actually «Отечество» can be Literally translated as Fatherland.

Грядущие года – Gryadushchiye goda – “Coming years”.

3. History of the Russian Anthem

There are three components of political symbolism, and it is the anthem that was changed quite often in the past and does not have centuries of history. The idea of the necessity to have this song first appeared in the Russian Empire, and the song itself was changed during imperial history a few times.

In the period of the Soviet Union, the government evaluated numerous options, and, finally, in 1944, has chosen the Anthem of the Soviet Union. The music was created by A.V. Aleksandrov, Sergey Mikhalkov and G.L. Registan have written the words. In 1977 the original author of the words revised the anthem, replacing, for example, all references to Joseph Stalin, which were found in the original version.

USSR was made up of 15 countries in Eastern Europe and Asia and lasted from 1922 until its fall in 1991

In 1991, the USSR ceased to exist, and the modern Russian Federation started to look for a new anthem. The new country started singing it in 2001. And before that, for 10 years, “The Patriotic song” was used as the anthem. It was composed by Mikhail Glinka in the 19th century. And during the 80s-90s, «perestroika», this music sounded in the intro of the Vremya news program. So, society knew this music, and it became the new anthem. But it was just music, there were no words in it, although the competition was announced for the best lyrics. Out of six thousand poems, the committee has chosen the twelve best options, but none was approved.

This wordless anthem was replaced later, in 2001. Sportsmen complained to the president that there was nothing to sing on the podium. The tribunes again sang together at sports competitions after the new anthem was introduced. It was not composed from scratch, but the government took the anthem of the Soviet Union as a basis. The music of Aleksandrov remained, but the lyrics were changed. The author of the new words was, again, Sergey Mikhalkov. He also wrote the text of the Soviet anthem under Stalin.

4. Occasions when you can listen to this song

At present, according to the Law on the anthem, it must be broadcast twice – at the beginning and at the end of TV broadcasting, or at 6 o’clock and at 24 o’clock if it broadcasts non-stop. It also can be turned on during sports competitions, military rituals, the opening of state monuments, the first lesson on the first day of the school year, and at “ceremonial events” held by non-governmental and government agencies and organizations. Also, Russians listen to the anthem on New Year night after the president’s speech, after the clock on the Kremlin’s Spasskaya Tower strikes twelve.

National anthems play a big part in the Olympic Games. Starting with the 1924 Games, the winner’s national anthem for each event is played as their flag is hoisted in celebration.

5. Interesting facts about Russian Anthem

In 1816, the Russian Empire adopted the music of the English anthem “God Save the King” as its own, but lyrics were changed to Zhukovsky’s poem “Prayer of the Russians”.
After the 1917’s February Revolution, the French Marseillaise became the anthem of Russia, the lyrics were, of course, in Russian. They were not translated from French, but were written by Russian philosopher Petr Lavrov.
In the 20th century, Russia had the largest number of main songs — there were six in a hundred years. Firstly, before the revolution, the Russians sang “God Save the Tsar.” Then there was the Marseillaise from France followed by The International song in October 1917. Then, in 1944 there was the Soviet anthem praising Stalin, followed by 77’s “non-Stalin” song, in the 90’s – Glinka’s “Patriotic Song”. And finally, it is 2001’s modern national anthem of Russia.
After the Revolution, The International, created by the French composer, became the new anthem of Russia. “The International” as a national song is a unique phenomenon. There is nothing national or Russian in the lyrics nor in music, there is not a single word associated with a specific country, let alone Russia.
On September 1, 2019, in St. Petersburg at the Gazprom Arena stadium, 8,097 musicians performed the Russian anthem at once and set a world record recorded by representatives of the Guinness Book of Records.

Gazprom Arena serves as the home stadium for FC Zenit

Very often the modern Russian anthem is mixed up with Patriotic song” by Glinka. Many organizers of competitions of various levels around the world made this mistake. For example, at the awards ceremony, when the “wrong” version of the anthem suddenly sounded, the Russian biathlon team did not lose their heads and performed Sergey Mikhalkov’s verses without the right music.

6. Conclusion

Now, you have learned the essential information about the Russian anthem, understood its lyrics, and can sing it along at some official occasion or at a sports event. And, of course, not to mix it up with some other music or another country’s anthem.

If you want to speak the Russian language, RussianPod101 is a great source to do so. It has a lot of free information for learners — from beginners to advanced. Most of the materials are free, including audio and video lessons, vocabulary lists, word-of-the-day subscriptions, flashcards, and much more.

Most of the materials are free, including audio and video lessons, vocabulary lists, word-of-the-day subscriptions, flashcards, and much more. Try our Premium service, MyTeacher, to improve your Russian communication skills in private lessons with an experienced teacher. You will get personal assignments and a partner to speak live Russian — to improve your pronunciation and get to a higher level of learning.

Источник

Hymn of the Russian Federation (Instrumental)

Performance of «Patrioticheskaya Pesnya» at the inauguration of Russian President Vladimir Putin on 7 May 2000

With the impending collapse of the Soviet Union in early 1990, a new national anthem was needed to help define the reorganized nation and to reject the Soviet past.^[34]^[35] The Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR, Boris Yeltsin, was advised to revive «God Save The Tsar» with modifications to the lyrics. However, he instead selected a piece composed by Mikhail Glinka. The piece, known as «Patrioticheskaya Pesnya», was a wordless piano composition discovered after Glinka’s death. «Patrioticheskaya Pesnya» was performed in front of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR on 23 November 1990.^[36] The song was decreed by the Supreme Soviet to be the new Russian anthem that same day.^[4]

Between 1990 and 1993, many votes were called for in the State Duma to make «Patrioticheskaya Pesnya» the official anthem of Russia. However, it faced stiff opposition from members of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, who wanted the Soviet anthem restored.^[36] Constitutionally, the state symbols of Russia are an anthem, flag and coat of arms. According to Article 70 of the Constitution, these state symbols required further definition by future legislation.^[37] As it was a constitutional matter, it had to be passed by a two-thirds majority in the Duma.^[38] Yeltsin, then President of the Russian Federation, eventually issued a decree on 11 December 1993, making «Patrioticheskaya Pesnya» the official anthem for Russia.^[30]^[39]

Call for lyrics

When «Patrioticheskaya Pesnya» was used as the national anthem, it never had official lyrics.^[40] The anthem struck a positive chord because it did not contain elements from the Soviet past, and because the public considered Glinka to be a patriot and a true Russian.^[36] However, the lack of lyrics doomed «Patrioticheskaya Pesnya».^[41] Various attempts were made to compose lyrics for the anthem, including a contest that allowed any Russian citizen to participate. A committee set up by the government looked at over 6000 entries, and 20 were recorded by an orchestra for a final vote.^[42]

The eventual winner was Viktor Radugin’s «Be glorious, Russia» (Славься, Россия! («Slavsya, Rossiya!)).^[43] However, none of the lyrics were officially adopted by Yeltsin or the Russian government. One of the reasons that partially explained the lack of lyrics was the original use of Glinka’s composition: the praise of the Tsar and of the Russian Orthodox Church.^[44] Other complaints raised about the song were that it was hard to remember, uninspiring, and musically complicated.^[45] It was one of the few national anthems that lacked official lyrics during this period.^[46] The only other wordless national anthems in the period from 1990 to 2000 were «My Belarusy» of Belarus^[47] (until 2002),^[48] «Marcha Real» of Spain,^[49] and «Intermezzo» of Bosnia and Herzegovina^[50] (until 2009).^[51]

Modern adoption

The official arrangement of the Russian anthem completed in 2001

The anthem debate intensified in October 2000 when Yeltsin’s successor, Vladimir Putin, was approached by Russian athletes who were concerned that they had no words to sing for the anthem during the medal ceremonies at the 2000 Summer Olympic Games. Putin brought public attention to the issue and put it before the State Council.^[45] CNN also reported that members of the Spartak Moscow football club complained that the wordless anthem «affected their morale and performance».^[52] Two years earlier, during the 1998 World Cup, members of the Russian team commented that the wordless anthem failed to inspire «great patriotic effort».^[40]

In a November session of the Federation Council, Putin stated that establishing the national symbols (anthem, flag and coat of arms) should be a top priority for the country.^[53] Putin pressed for the former Soviet anthem to be selected as the new Russian anthem, but strongly suggested that new lyrics be written. He did not say how much of the old Soviet lyrics should be retained for the new anthem.^[40] Putin submitted the bill «On the National Anthem of the Russian Federation» to the Duma for their consideration on 4 December.^[42] The Duma voted 381–51–1 in favor of adopting Alexandrov’s music as the national anthem on 8 December 2000.^[54] Following the vote, a committee was formed and tasked with exploring lyrics for the national anthem. After receiving over 6,000 manuscripts from all sectors of Russian society,^[55] the committee selected lyrics by Mikhalkov for the anthem.^[42]

Before the official adoption of the lyrics, the Kremlin released a section of the anthem, which made a reference to the flag and coat of arms:

Its mighty wings spread above us
The Russian eagle is hovering high
The Motherland’s tricolor symbol
Is leading Russia’s peoples to victory

—Kremlin source, ^[56]

Instrumental performance of the Russian national anthem at the 2010 Moscow Victory Day Parade in Moscow’s Red Square, resplendent with a 21 gun salute

The above lines were omitted from the final version of the lyrics. After the bill was approved by the Federation Council on 20 December,^[57] «On the National Anthem of the Russian Federation» was signed into law by President Putin on 25 December, officially making Alexandrov’s music the national anthem of Russia. The law was published two days later in the official government journal Rossiyskaya Gazeta.^[58] The new anthem was first performed on 30 December, during a ceremony at the Great Kremlin Palace in Moscow at which Mikhalkov’s lyrics were officially made part of the national anthem.^[59]^[60]

Not everyone agreed with the adoption of the new anthem. Yeltsin argued that Putin should not have changed the anthem merely to «follow blindly the mood of the people».^[61] Yeltsin also felt that the restoration of the Soviet anthem was part of a move to reject post-communist reforms that had taken place since Russian independence and the fall of the Soviet Union.^[41] This was one of Yeltsin’s few public criticisms of Putin.^[62]

The liberal political party Yabloko stated that the re-adoption of the Soviet anthem «deepened the schism in [Russian] society».^[61] The Soviet anthem was supported by the Communist Party and by Putin himself. The other national symbols used by Russia in 1990, the white-blue-red flag and the double-headed eagle coat of arms, were also given legal approval by Putin in December, thus ending the debate over the national symbols.^[63] After all of the symbols were adopted, Putin said on television that this move was needed to heal Russia’s past and to fuse the short period of the Soviet Union with Russia’s long history. He also stated that, while Russia’s march towards democracy would not be stopped,^[64] the rejection of the Soviet era would have left the lives of their mothers and fathers bereft of meaning.^[65] It took some time for the Russian people to familiarize themselves with the anthem’s lyrics; athletes were only able to hum along with the anthem during the medal ceremonies at the 2002 Winter Olympics.^[41]

Public perception

A 2001 stamp released by Russian Post with the lyrics of the new anthem

The Russian national anthem is set to the melody of the Soviet anthem (used since 1944). As a result, there have been several controversies related to its use. For instance, some—including cellist Mstislav Rostropovich—have vowed not to stand during the anthem.^[66]^[67] Russian cultural figures and government officials were also troubled by Putin’s restoration of the Soviet anthem. A former adviser to both Yeltsin and Gorbachev stated that, when «Stalin’s hymn» was used as the national anthem of the Soviet Union, millions were executed and other horrific crimes took place.^[67]

At the 2007 funeral of Boris Yeltsin, the Russian anthem was played as his coffin was laid to rest at the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow.^[62] While it was common to hear the anthem during state funerals for Soviet civil and military officials,^[68] honored citizens of the nation,^[69] and Soviet leaders, as was the case for Alexei Kosygin, Leonid Brezhnev,^[70] Yuri Andropov^[71] and Konstantin Chernenko,^[72] writing in the Daily Telegraph Boris Berezovsky felt that playing the anthem at Yeltsin’s funeral «abused the man who brought freedom» to the Russian people.^[73] The Russian government’s states that the «solemn music and poetic work» of the anthem, despite its history, is a symbol of unity for the Russian people. Mikhalkov’s words evoke «feelings of patriotism, respect for the history of the country and its system of government.»^[58]

In a 2009 poll conducted by the Russian Public Opinion Research Center and publicized just two days before Russia’s flag day (22 August), 56% of respondents stated that they felt proud when hearing the national anthem. However, only 39% could recall the words of the first line of the anthem. This was an increase from 33% in 2007. According to the survey, between 34 and 36% could not identify the anthem’s first line. Overall, only 25% of respondents said they liked the anthem.^[6] In the previous year, the Russian Public Opinion Research Center found out that 56% of Russians felt pride and admiration at the anthem, even though only 40% (up from 19% in 2004) knew the first words of the anthem. It was also noted in the survey that the younger generation was the most familiar with the words.^[6]

In September 2009, a line from the lyrics used during Stalin’s rule reappeared at the Moscow Metro station Kurskaya-Koltsevaya: «Stalin reared us on loyalty to the people. He inspired us to labor and heroism.» While groups have threatened legal action to reverse the re-addition of this phrase on a stone banner at the vestibule’s rotunda, it was part of the original design of Kurskaya station and had been removed during de-Stalinization. Most of the commentary surrounding this event focused on the Kremlin’s attempt to «rehabilitate the image» of Stalin by using symbolism sympathetic to or created by him.^[74]

The Communist Party strongly supported the restoration of Alexandrov’s melody, but some members proposed other changes to the anthem. In March 2010, Boris Kashin, a CPRF member of the Duma, advocated for the removal of any reference to God in the anthem. Kashin’s suggestion was also supported by Alexander Nikonov, a journalist with SPID-INFO and an avowed atheist. Nikonov’s argued that religion should be a private matter and should not be used by the state.^[75] Kashin found that the cost for making a new anthem recording will be about 120,000 rubles. The Russian Government quickly rejected the request because it lacked statistical data and other findings.^[76] Nikonov asked the Constitutional Court of Russia in 2005 if the lyrics are compatible with Russian law.^[75]

Regulations

Federal law of 25 December 2000 on the national anthem of Russia

Regulations for the performance of the national anthem are set forth in the law signed by President Putin on 25 December 2000. While a performance of the anthem may include only music, only words, or a combination of both, the anthem must be performed using the official music and words prescribed by law. Once a performance has been recorded, it may be used for any purpose, such as in a radio or television broadcast. The anthem may be played for solemn or celebratory occasions, such as the annual Victory Day parade in Moscow,^[77] or the funerals of heads of state and other significant figures. When asked about playing the anthem during the Victory Day parades, Defense Minister Anatoliy Serdyukov stated that because of the acoustics of the Red Square, only an orchestra would be used because voices would be swallowed by the echo.^[78]

The anthem is mandatory at the swearing-in of the President of Russia, for opening and closing sessions of the Duma and the Federation Council, and for official state ceremonies. It is played on television and radio at the beginning and end of the broadcast day. If programming is continuous, the anthem is played once at 0600 hours and again at midnight. The anthem is also played on New Years Eve after a speech by the President. It is played at sporting events in Russia and abroad, according to the protocol of the organization that is hosting the games. When the anthem is played, all headgear must be removed and all those in attendance must face the Russian flag, if it is present. Those who are in uniform must give a military salute when the anthem plays.^[1]

The anthem is performed in 4/4 (common time) or in 2/4 (half time) in the key of C major, and has a tempo of 76 beats per minute. Using either time signature, the anthem must be played in a festive and quick tempo (Торжественно and Распевно in Russian). The government has released different notations for orchestras, brass bands and wind bands.^[79]^[80]

According to Russian copyright law, state symbols and signs are not protected by copyright.^[81] As such, the anthem’s music and lyrics may be used and modified freely. Although the law calls for the anthem to be performed respectfully and for performers to avoid causing offense, it defines no offensive acts or penalties.^[1] Standing for the anthem is required by law but, again, the law gives no penalty for refusing to stand.^[82]

On one occasion in the summer of 2004, President Putin chastised the national football team for their behavior during the playing of the anthem. During the opening ceremonies of the 2004 European Football Championship, the team was caught on camera chewing gum during the Russian anthem. Through Leonid Tyagachev, then head of the Russian Olympic Committee, Putin told the team to stop chewing gum and to sing the anthem. Gennady Shvets, then the Russian Olympic Committee’s press chief, denied being contacted by the Kremlin but said he was aware of displeasure with the players’ behaviour.^[83]

Official lyrics

Russian^[2]	Transliteration	English translation^[84]
Россия – священная наша держава, Россия – любимая наша страна. Могучая воля, великая слава – Твоё достоянье на все времена! Chorus: Славься, Отечество наше свободное, Братских народов союз вековой, Предками данная мудрость народная! Славься, страна! Мы гордимся тобой! От южных морей до полярного края Раскинулись наши леса и поля. Одна ты на свете! Одна ты такая – Хранимая Богом родная земля! Chorus Широкий простор для мечты и для жизни Грядущие нам открывают года. Нам силу даёт наша верность Отчизне. Так было, так есть и так будет всегда! Chorus	Rossiya – svyashchennaya nasha derzhava, Rossiya – lyubimaya nasha strana. Moguchaya volya, velikaya slava – Tvoyo dostoyanye na vse vremena! Chorus: Slav’sya, Otechestvo nashe svobodnoye, Bratskikh narodov soyuz vekovoy, Predkami dannaya mudrost’ narodnaya! Slav’sya, strana! My gordimsya toboy! Ot yuzhnykh morey do polyarnovo kraya Raskinulis’ nashi lesa i polya. Odna ty na svete! Odna ty takaya – Khranimaya Bogom rodnaya zemlya! Chorus Shirokiy prostor dlya mechty i dlya zhizni. Gryadushchiye nam otkryvayut goda. Nam silu dayot nasha vernost’ Otchizne. Tak bylo, tak yest’ i tak budet vsegda! Chorus	Russia – our holy nation, Russia – our beloved country. A mighty will, great glory – Yours given for all time! Chorus: Be glorious, our free Fatherland, Age-old union of fraternal peoples, National wisdom given by our forebears! Be glorious, our country! We are proud of you! From the southern seas to the polar lands Spread are our forests and fields. You are unique in the world, one of a kind – Native land protected by God! Chorus Wide spaces for dreams and for living Are opened for us by the coming years Our loyalty to our Fatherland gives us strength. Thus it was, thus it is and always will be! Chorus

Russian^[2]

Transliteration

English translation^[84]

Россия – священная наша держава,
Россия – любимая наша страна.
Могучая воля, великая слава –
Твоё достоянье на все времена!

Chorus:

Славься, Отечество наше свободное,

Братских народов союз вековой,

Предками данная мудрость народная!

Славься, страна! Мы гордимся тобой!

От южных морей до полярного края
Раскинулись наши леса и поля.
Одна ты на свете! Одна ты такая –
Хранимая Богом родная земля!

Chorus

Широкий простор для мечты и для жизни
Грядущие нам открывают года.
Нам силу даёт наша верность Отчизне.
Так было, так есть и так будет всегда!

Chorus

Rossiya – svyashchennaya nasha derzhava,
Rossiya – lyubimaya nasha strana.
Moguchaya volya, velikaya slava –
Tvoyo dostoyanye na vse vremena!

Chorus:

Slav’sya, Otechestvo nashe svobodnoye,

Bratskikh narodov soyuz vekovoy,

Predkami dannaya mudrost’ narodnaya!

Slav’sya, strana! My gordimsya toboy!

Ot yuzhnykh morey do polyarnovo kraya
Raskinulis’ nashi lesa i polya.
Odna ty na svete! Odna ty takaya –
Khranimaya Bogom rodnaya zemlya!

Chorus

Shirokiy prostor dlya mechty i dlya zhizni.
Gryadushchiye nam otkryvayut goda.
Nam silu dayot nasha vernost’ Otchizne.
Tak bylo, tak yest’ i tak budet vsegda!

Chorus

Russia – our holy nation,
Russia – our beloved country.
A mighty will, great glory –
Yours given for all time!

Chorus:

Be glorious, our free Fatherland,

Age-old union of fraternal peoples,

National wisdom given by our forebears!

Be glorious, our country! We are proud of you!

From the southern seas to the polar lands
Spread are our forests and fields.
You are unique in the world, one of a kind –
Native land protected by God!

Chorus

Wide spaces for dreams and for living
Are opened for us by the coming years
Our loyalty to our Fatherland gives us strength.
Thus it was, thus it is and always will be!

Chorus

References

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c Federal Constitutional Law on the National Anthem of the Russian Federation
^ ^a ^b Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 30.12.2000 N 2110
^ «Russia — National Anthem of the Russian Federation». NationalAnthems.me. http://nationalanthems.me/russia-national-anthem-of-the-russian-federation/. Retrieved 2011-11-23.
^ ^a ^b Decree of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR of 23 November 1990 «On the National Antem of the Russian SFSR
^ Ukase of the President of the Russian Federation from 11 December 1993 «On the National Anthem of the Russian Federation
^ ^a ^b ^c «RUSSIAN STATE SYMBOLS: KNOWLEDGE & FEELINGS». Russian Public Opinion Research Center. 2009-08-27. http://wciom.com/archives/thematic-archive/info-material/single/12337.html. Retrieved 2010-12-25.
^ Голованова 2003, pp. 138
^ Bohlman 2004, pp. 157
^ Голованова 2003, pp. 127–130
^ Wortman 2006, pp. 158–160
^ Studwell 1996, pp. 75
^ ^a ^b Stites 1991, pp. 87
^ Gasparov 2005, pp. 209–210
^ Figes 1999, pp. 62–63
^ Volkov 2008, pp. 34
^ ^a ^b Fey 2005, pp. 139
^ ^a ^b ^c Shostakovich 2002, pp. 261–262
^ Haynes 2003, pp. 70
^ Kubik 1994, pp. 48
^ «List of Works». Virtual Museum of Aram Khachaturian. “Aram Khachaturian” International Enlightenment-Cultural Association. http://www.khachaturian.am/eng/works/music.htm. Retrieved 2009-12-18.
^ Sandved 1963, pp. 690
^ Константинов, С. (2001-06-30). «Гимн — дело серьёзное» (in Russian). Nezavisimaya Gazeta.
^ «National Anthem». Government of the Pridnestrovskaia Moldavskaia Respublica. http://pridnestrovie.net/nationalanthem.html. Retrieved 2010-07-18.
^ «Гимн СССР написан в XIX веке Василием Калинниковым и Робертом Шуманом» (in (Russian)). Лента.Ру (Rambler Media Group). 2000-12-08. http://lenta.ru/russia/2000/12/08/shuman/. Retrieved 2009-12-18.
^ Резепов, Олег (2000-12-08). «Выступление Бориса Грызлова при обсуждении законопроекта о государственной символике Российской Федерации» (in (Russian)). http://referendym.narod.ru/gryzlov.htm. Retrieved 2009-12-18.
^ Montefiore 2005, pp. 460–461
^ Volkov, Solomon (2000-12-16). «Stalin’s Best Tune». The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2000/12/16/opinion/16VOLK.html. Retrieved 2009-12-18.
^ Keep & 2004 41–42
^ Soviet Union. PosolʹStvo (U.S) (1944). «USSR Information Bulletin». Embassy of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Embassy of the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics) 4: 13. http://books.google.com/?id=o_8qAAAAMAAJ&q=Soviet+anthem+1944&dq=Soviet+anthem+1944&cd=7. Retrieved 2009-12-18.
^ ^a ^b ^c Голованова 2003, pp. 150
^ Brackman 2000, pp. 412
^ Wesson 1978, pp. 265
^ ^a ^b Ioffe 1988, pp. 331
^ Kuhlmann 2003, pp. 162–163
^ Eckel, Mike (2007-04-26). «Yeltsin Laid To Rest In Elite Moscow Cemetery». KSDK NBC (Associated Press). http://www.ksdk.com/news/local/story.aspx?storyid=117795. Retrieved 2010-07-28.
^ ^a ^b ^c Service 2006, pp. 198–199
^ «Constitution of the Russian Federation». Government of the Russian Federation. 1993-12-12. http://www.government.gov.ru/eng/gov/base/54.html. Retrieved 2010-03-31.
^ «Russians to hail their ‘holy country'». CNN.com (CNN). 2000-12-30. http://archives.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/europe/12/30/russia.anthem/. Retrieved 2009-12-20.
^ Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 11.12.93 N 2127
^ ^a ^b ^c Franklin 2004, pp. 116
^ ^a ^b ^c Sakwa 2008, pp. 224
^ ^a ^b ^c «National Anthem». Russia’s State Symbols. RIA Novosti. 2007-06-07. http://en.rian.ru/symbols/20070607/66606928.html. Retrieved 2009-12-20.
^ Владимирова, Бориса (2002-01-23). «Неудавшийся гимн: Имя страны – Россия! [Unsuccessful Anthem: Our State — Russia!]» (in (Russian)). Московской правде. http://www.hymn.ru/anthem-russia-1991-proj-slavsya-russia.html. Retrieved 2009-12-20.
^ Graubard 1998, pp. 131
^ ^a ^b Zolotov, Andrei (2000-12-01). «Russian Orthodox Church Approves as Putin Decides to Sing to a Soviet Tune». Christianity Today Magazine (Christianity Today International). http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2000/decemberweb-only/57.0.html. Retrieved 2009-12-19.
^ Waxman 1998, pp. 170
^ Korosteleva 2002, pp. 118
^ «Указ № 350 ад 2 лiпеня 2002 г. «Аб Дзяржаўным гімне Рэспублікі Беларусь» [Decree No. 350 of July 2nd, 2002 «On the National Anthem of the Republic of Belarus»]» (in Belarusian). Указу Прэзiдэнта Рэспублiкi Беларусь. Пресс-служба Президента Республики Беларусь. 2002-07-02. http://www.president.gov.by/press15629.html. Retrieved 2009-12-19.
^ «Spain: National Symbols: National Anthem». Spain Today. Government of Spain. http://www.la-moncloa.es/IDIOMAS/9/Espana/ElEstado/Simbolos/el_himno.htm. Retrieved 2009-12-19.
^ «Himna Bosne i Hercegovine» (in Bosnian). Ministarstvo vanjskih poslova Bosne i Hercegovine. 2001. http://www.mpr.gov.ba/hr/str.asp?id=375. Retrieved 2009-12-19.
^ «Prijedlog teksta himne BiH utvrdilo Vijeće ministara BiH [Proposed text of the Anthem of Bosnia and Herzegovina is sent to the Council of Ministers]» (in Croatian). Ministarstvo pravde Bosne i Hercegovine. 2009-06-04. http://www.mpr.gov.ba/hr/str.asp?id=375. Retrieved 2009-12-19.
^ «Duma approves old Soviet anthem». CNN.com (CNN). 2000-12-08. http://archives.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/europe/12/08/russia.anthem/. Retrieved 2009-12-19.
^ Shevtsova 2005, pp. 123
^ «Russian Duma Approves National Anthem Bill». People’s Daily Online (People’s Daily). 2000-12-08. http://english.people.com.cn/english/200012/08/eng20001208_57318.html. Retrieved 2009-12-20.
^ «Guide to Russia – National Anthem of the Russian Federation». Russia Today. Strana.ru. 2002-09-18. http://russiatoday.strana.ru/en/profile/sym/anth/. Retrieved 2009-12-20.
^ Shukshin, Andrei (2000-11-30). «Putin Sings Praises of Old-New Russian Anthem». ABC News (American Broadcasting Company): p. 2. http://abcnews.go.com/International/story?id=82024&page=2. Retrieved 2009-12-18.
^ Голованова 2003, pp. 152
^ ^a ^b «Государственный гимн России» (in (Russian)). Администрация Приморского края. http://www.primorsky.ru/content/?a=255&s=440. Retrieved 2009-12-22.
^ «State Insignia -The National Anthem». President of the Russian Federation. http://2004.kremlin.ru/eng/articles/State_insignia.shtml. Retrieved 2009-12-19.
^ «Russia Unveils New National Anthem Joining the Old Soviet Tune to the Older, Unsoviet God». The New York Times. 2000-12-31. http://www.nytimes.com/2000/12/31/world/russia-unveils-new-national-anthem-joining-old-soviet-tune-older-unsoviet-god.html?pagewanted=1. Retrieved 2009-12-20.
^ ^a ^b «Duma approves Soviet anthem». BBC News (British Broadcasting Corporation). 2000-12-08. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/1060975.stm. Retrieved 2009-12-19.
^ ^a ^b Blomfield, Adrian (2007-04-26). «In death, Yeltsin scorns symbols of Soviet era». Telegraph.co.uk (Telegraph Media Group Limited). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1549789/In-death-Yeltsin-scorns-symbols-of-Soviet-era.html. Retrieved 2009-12-19.
^ Bova 2003, pp. 24
^ Nichols 2001, pp. 158
^ Hunter 2004, pp. 195
^ «Yeltsin «Categorically Against» Restoring Soviet Anthem». Monitor 6 (228). 2000-12-07.
^ ^a ^b Banerji 2008, pp. 275–276
^ «Last Honors Paid Marshal Shaposhnikov». USSR Information Bulletin (Embassy of the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics) 5: 5. 1945. http://books.google.com/?id=OAErAAAAMAAJ&q=Soviet+funeral+anthem&dq=Soviet+funeral+anthem&cd=6. Retrieved 2009-12-19.
^ Condee 1995, pp. 44
^ Scoon 2003, pp. 77
^ Studies, Joint Committee on Slavic; Societies, American Council of Learned; ), Social Science Research Council (U.S; Studies, American Association for the Advancement of Slavic (1984). «Andropov Is Buried at the Kremlin Wall». The Current Digest of the Soviet Press (American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies) 36 (7): 9. http://books.google.com/?id=wKWyAAAAIAAJ&q=funeral+anthem+Andropov&dq=funeral+anthem+Andropov&cd=1. Retrieved 2009-12-19.
^ «Soviets: Ending an Era of Drift». Time (Time Magazine): p. 2. 1985-03-25. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,964112-2,00.html. Retrieved 2009-12-19.
^ Berezovsky, Boris (2007-05-15). «Why modern Russia is a state of denial». Telegraph.co.uk (Telegraph Media Group Limited). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/3639898/Why-modern-Russia-is-a-state-of-denial.html. Retrieved 2009-12-19.
^ Osborn, Andrew (2009-09-05). «Josef Stalin ‘returns’ to Moscow metro». Telegraph.co.uk (Telegraph Media Group Limited). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/russia/6140394/Josef-Stalin-returns-to-Moscow-metro.html. Retrieved 2009-12-21.
^ ^a ^b «Notorious journalist backs up the idea to take out word «God» from Russian anthem». Interfax-Religion (Interfax). 2010-03-30. http://www.interfax-religion.com/?act=news&div=7085. Retrieved 2010-04-02.
^ «God Beats Communists in Russian National Anthem». Komsomolskaya Pravda (PRAVDA.Ru). 2010-03-30. http://english.pravda.ru/russia/kremlin/31-03-2010/112797-russia_anthem-0. Retrieved 2010-05-12.
^ «Russia marks Victory Day with parade on Red Square». People’s Daily (People’s Daily Online). 2005-05-09. http://english.people.com.cn/200505/09/eng20050509_184145.html. Retrieved 2009-12-20.
^ «Defence Minister Commands ‘Onwards to Victory!'». Rossiiskaya Gazeta. 2009-05-07. http://government.gov.ru/eng/smi/press/381/. Retrieved 2010-03-31.
^ «Гимн Российской Федерации» (in (Russian)). Official Site of the President of Russia. 2009. http://flag.kremlin.ru/gimn/. Retrieved 2010-01-18.
^ «Музыкальная редакция: Государственного гимна Российской Федерации [Musical Notation — National Anthem of the Russian Federation]» (in (Russian)). Government of the Russian Federation. 2000. http://www.gov.ru/main/symbols/gsrf4_2.html. Retrieved 2010-01-18.
^ Part IV of Civil Code No. 230-FZ of the Russian Federation. Article 1259. Objects of Copyright
^ Shevtsova 2005, pp. 144
^ «Putin: Stop chewing, start singing». Daily Mail Online (Associated Newspapers Ltd). 2004-07-28. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-311928/Putin-Stop-chewing-start-singing.html. Retrieved 2009-12-20.
^ «State Symbols of the Russian Federation». Consulate-General of the Russian Federation in Montreal, Canada. http://www.montreal.mid.ru/inf_symb_e.html. Retrieved 2010-03-31.

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Sandved, Kjell Bloch (1963). The World of Music, Volume 2. Abradale Press. http://books.google.com/?id=T_meAAAAMAAJ&q=Khachaturian+anthem&dq=Khachaturian+anthem&cd=12.
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Соболева, Надежда; А. Н Казакевич (2006). Символы и святыни Российской державы [The Symbols and Shrines of Russian Power]. ОЛМА Медиа Групп. ISBN 5-373-00604-1. http://books.google.com/?id=BC5rYGeCw0QC&pg=RA3-PA1950&dq=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8F&cd=3#v=onepage&q=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8F. (Russian)
Stites, Richard (1991). Revolutionary Dreams: Utopian Vision and Experimental Life in the Russian Revolution. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-505537-3. http://books.google.com/?id=x1wmOKZD8UQC&pg=PA87&dq=Worker%27s+Marseillaise&cd=1#v=onepage&q=Worker%27s%20Marseillaise.
Studwell, William Emmett (1996). The National and Religious Song Reader: Patriotic, Traditional, and Sacred Songs from Around the World. Routledge. ISBN 0-7890-0099-7. http://books.google.com/?id=jMQcncuUp8kC&pg=PA75&dq=Russian+anthem+God+the+Omnipotent&cd=4#v=onepage&q=Russian%20anthem%20God%20the%20Omnipotent.
Volkov, Solomon; Antonina W. Bouis (2008). The Magical Chorus: A History of Russian Culture from Tolstoy to Solzhenitsyn. Random House. ISBN 978-1-4000-4272-2. http://books.google.com/?id=8n5ASy3eedQC&pg=PA34&dq=Russian+anthem+1944&cd=13#v=onepage&q=Russian%20anthem%201944.
Wesson, Robert (1978). Lenin’s Legacy. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-6922-6. http://books.google.com/?id=ppA1WjqExRwC&pg=PA265&dq=anthem+1953+Stalin&cd=25#v=onepage&q=anthem%201953%20Stalin.
Waxman, Mordecai; Tseviyah Ben-Yosef Ginor, Zvia Ginor (1998). Yakar le’Mordecai. KTAV Publishing House. ISBN 0-88125-632-3. http://books.google.com/?id=CrO7PKZs-AgC&pg=PA170&dq=russian+anthem+lyrics&cd=14#v=onepage&q=russian%20anthem%20lyrics.
Wortman, Richard (2006). Scenarios of Power: Myth and Ceremony in Russian Monarchy from Peter the Great to the Abdication of Nicholas II. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-12374-5. http://books.google.com/?id=3tYSrNhi3k4C&pg=PA159&dq=Russian+anthem&cd=22#v=onepage&q=Russian%20anthem.

Legislation

Правительство Российской Федерации. Указ Президента РФ от 11.12.93 N 2127 «О Государственном гимне Российской Федерации» [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 11.12.1993, Number 2127 «On the National Anthem of the Russian Federation»]. (Russian).
Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Constitutional Law of the Russian Federation – About the National Anthem of the Russian Federation; 2000-12-25 [cited 2009-12-20].
Kremlin.ru. Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 30.12.2000 N 2110 [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 30.12.2000]; 2000-12-30 [cited 2009-12-20]. (Russian).
Правительство Российской Федерации. Part IV of Civil Code No. 230-FZ of the Russian Federation. Article 1259. Objects of Copyright; 2006-12-18 [cited 2009-12-20]. (Russian).

External links

(Russian) Government of Russia’s website on the national symbols
(Russian) President of Russia State Insignia – National Anthem
Russian Anthems museum – an extensive collection of audio recordings including some 30 recordings of the current anthem and recordings of other works mentioned in this article
Haunting Europe – an overview, with audio, of the history of the Russian and Soviet national anthems throughout the twentieth century
Streaming audio, lyrics and information about the National Anthem of Russia

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v · d · eNational anthems of Russia

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National Anthem of the Soviet Union — Государственный гимн СССР English: The National Anthem of the Soviet Union Gosudarstvenniy Gimn SSSR Flag of the Soviet Union … Wikipedia
National Anthem of the Udmurt Republic — Шунды сиос ӝуато палэзез English: National Anthem of the Udmurt Republic Regional anthem of Udmurt Republic Lyrics T. G. Vladikin / A. A. Sheptalin Music German Korepanov / Alexander Korepanov Adopted … Wikipedia
National Anthem of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania — anthem of Republic of North Ossetia–Alania … Wikipedia
National Anthem of Saudi Arabia — النشيد الوطني English: The National Anthem an Našīd al Waṭaniyy National anthem of Saudi Arabia … Wikipedia
National anthem of England — Land of Hope and Glory National anthem of England Music Edward Elgar Adopted 2014 (Official By England) England has many son … Wikipedia
National anthem of Scotland — Proposed national anthems of Scotland Auld Lang Syne Flower of Scotland Scotland the Brave along with others National anthem of Scotland There is no official national anthem of Scotland … Wikipedia
National Anthem of South Ossetia — The National Anthem of South Ossetia (Ossetic: Республикæ Хуссар Ирыстоны Паддзахадон Гимн, Respublikæ Hussar Irystony Paddzahadon Gimn) was adopted on May 5, 1995. The lyrics were written by Totraz Kokaev (Тотраз Кокаев), and the music was… … Wikipedia
National Anthem of the Republic of China — 中華民國國歌 English: National Anthem of the Republic of China Zhōnghuá Míngúo gúogē Manuscript of the speech at the opening cerem … Wikipedia
National Anthem of the Altai Republic — Алтай Респубпиканыҥ Гимны English: Altai Republic Anthem Altaj Respublikanyŋ Gimny Söstöri The Flag of Altai … Wikipedia
National Anthem of the Republic of Bashkortostan — Башҡортостан Республикаһыныӊ Дәүләт гимны Государственный гимн Республики Башкортостан English: National Anthem of the Republic of Bashkortostan Başqortostan Respublikahınıñ Dəülət gimnı Regional anthem of Republic of Bashkortostan Lyrics… … Wikipedia

Источник

Rossija – svjašcennaja naša deržava,
Rossija – ljubimaja naša strana.
Mogučaja volja, velikaja slava –
Tvojo dostojanje na vse vremena!

Pripev:
Slavjsja, Otečestvo naše svobodnoje,
Bratskih narodov sojuz vekovoj,
Predkami dannaja mudrostj narodnaja!
Slavjsja, strana! My gordimsja toboj!

Ot južnyh morej do poljarnovo kraja
Raskinulisj naši lesa i polja.
Odna ty na svete! Odna ty takaja –
Hranimaja Bogom rodnaja zemlja!

Pripev

Širokij prostor dlja mečty i dlja žizni
Grjadušcije nam otkryvajut goda.
Nam silu dajot naša vernostj Otčizne.
Tak bylo, tak jestj i tak budet vsegda!

Pripev

Rossia — sviachtchennaïa nacha derjava,
Rossia — lioubimaïa nacha strana.
Mogoutchaïa volia, velikaïa slava —
Tvoïo dostoïan’é na vse vremena!

Pripev:
Slavsia, Otietchestvo nache svobodnoïe,
Bratskikh narodov soïouz vekovoï,
Predkami dannaïa moudrost’ narodnaïa!
Slavsia, strana! My gordimsia toboï!

Ot ioujnykh moreï do poliarnogo kraïa
Raskinoulis’ nachi lesa i polia.
Odna ty na svete! Odna ty takaïa —
Khranimaïa Bogom rodnaïa zemlia!

Pripev:

Chiroki prostor dlia metchty i dlia jizni
Gryadouchtnie nam otkryvaïout goda.
Nam silou daïot nacha vernost’ Ottchizne.
Tak bylo, tak est’ i tak boudiet vsegda!

Pripev:

Rossija – swjaschtschennaja nascha derschawa,
Rossija – ljubimaja nascha strana.
Mogutschaja wolja, welikaja slawa
Twojo dostojanje na wse wremena!

Pripew:
Slawsja, Otetschestwo nasche swobodnoje,
Bratskich narodow sojus wekowoi,
Predkami dannaja mudrost narodnaja!
Slawsja, strana! My gordimsja toboi!

Ot juschnych morei do poljarnowo kraja
Raskinulis naschi lessa i polja.
Odna ty na swete! Odna ty takaja –
Chranimaja Bogom rodnaja semlja!

Pripew

Schiroki prostor dlja metschty i dlja schisni,
Grjaduschtschije nam otkrywajut goda.
Nam silu dajot nascha wernost Ottschisne.
Tak bylo, tak jest i tak budet wsegda!

Pripew

Rossija — svjasjtsjennaja nasja derzjava,
Rossija — ljoebimaja nasja strana.
Mogoetsjaja volja, velikaja slava —
Tvojo dostojanje na vse vremena!

Pripev:
Slavsja, Otetsjestvo nasje svobodnoje,
Bratskich narodov sojoez vekovoj,
Predkami dannaja moedrost narodnaja!
Slavsja, strana! My gordimsja toboj!

Ot joezjnych morej do poljarnogo kraja,
Raskinoelis nasji lesa i polja.
Odna ty na svete! Odna ty takaja —
Chranimaja Bogom rodnaja zemlja!

Pripev

Sjiroki prostor dlja metsjty i dlja zjizni,
Grjadoesjtsjije nam otkryvajoet goda.
Nam siloe dajot nasja vernost Ottsjizne.
Tak bylo, tak jest i tak boedet vsegda!

Pripev

Rossia — sviasxénnaia naixa derjava,
Rossia — liubímaia naixa stranà.
Mogútxaia vólia, velíkaia slava —
Tvoió dostoiànie na vse vremenà!

Pripev:
Slàvsia, otétxestvo naixe svobódnoie,
Bràtskikh naródov soiuz vekovoi,
Prédkami dànnaia múdrost naródnaia!
Slàvsia, stranà! Mi gordímsia toboi!

Ot iújnikh morei do poliàrnogo kràia
Raskínulis naixi lessà i polià.
Odnà ti na svete! Odnà ti takàia —
Khranímaia Bógom rodnàia zemlià!

Pripev

Xiroki prostor dlia metxtí i dlia jizni.
Griadúsxie nam otkrivàiut godà.
Nam silu daiot naixa vérnost Ottxizne.
Tak bilo, tak iest i tak búdet vsegdà!

Pripev

Rossija – swiaszczennaja nasza dierżawa,
Rossija – lubimaja nasza strana.
Moguczaja wolja, wielikaja sława –
Twojo dostojanje na wsie wriemiena!

Pripiew:
Sław´sia, Otieczestwo nasze swobodnoje,
Bratskich narodow sojuz wiekowoj,
Priedkami dannaja mudrost´ narodnaja!
Sław´sia, strana! My gordimsia toboj!

Ot jużnych moriej do polarnogo kraja
Raskinuliś naszy lesa i pola.
Odna ty na swietie! Odna ty takaja –
Chranimaja Bogom rodnaja ziemla!

Pripiew

Szyrokij prostor dla mieczty i dla żyzni
Griaduszczije nam otkrywajut goda.
Nam siłu dajot nasza wiernost´ Otcziznie.
Tak było, tak jest´ i tak budiet wsiegda!

Pripiew

Rossija – svjaščennaja naša děržava,
Rossija – ljubimaja naša strana.
Mogučaja volja, velikaja slava –
Tvojo dostojaňje na vse vremena!

Pripev:
Slavsja, Otěčestvo naše svobodnoje,
Bratskich narodov sojuz vekovoj,
Predkami dannaja mudrosť narodnaja!
Slavsja, strana! My gordimsja toboj!

Ot južnych morej do poljarnogo kraja
Raskinulis naši lesa i polja
Odna ty na svetě! Odna ty takaja –
Chranimaja Bogom rodnaja zemlja!

Pripev

Širokij prostor dlja mečty i dlja žizni
Grjaduščije nam otkryvajut goda.
Nam silu dajot naša vernosť Otčizně.
Tak bylo, tak jesť i tak budět vsegda!

Pripev

Roszija – szvjascsennaja nasa derzsava,
Roszija – ljubimaja nasa sztrana.
Mogucsaja volja, velikaja szlava –
Tvojo dosztojanje na vsze vremena!

Pripev:
Szlavjszja, Otecsesztvo nase szvobodnoje,
Brackih narodov szojuz vekovoj,
Predkami dannaja mudrosztj narodnaja!
Szlavjszja, sztrana! My gordimsja toboj!

Ot juzsnyh morej do poljarnovo kraja
Raszkinulisj nasi lesza i polja.
Odna ty na szvete! Odna ty takaja –
Hranimaja Bogom rodnaja zemlja!

Pripev

Sirokij prosztor dlja mecsty i dlja zsizni
Grjaduscsije nam otkryvajut goda.
Nam szilu dajot nasa vernosztj Otcsizne.
Tak bylo, tak jesztj i tak budet vszegda!

Pripev

Rossia – sveașțennaia nașă derjavă,
Rossia – liubimaia nașă străna.
Moguceaia volea, velicaia slavă –
Tvoio dostoianĭe nă fse vremena!

Pripef:
Slafĭsea, Otecestvo nașe svobodnoie,
Brațchih nărodof soius vecovoi,
Pretcămi dannaia mudrostĭ nărodnaia!
Slafĭsea, străna! Mî gordimsea toboi!

Ot iujnîh morei do polearnovo craia
Răschinulisĭ nașî lesa i polea.
Odna tî nă svete! Odna tî tacaia –
Hrănimaia Bogom rodnaia zemlea!

Pripef

Șirochii prostor dlea meștî i dlea jizni
Greadușție nam otcrîvaiut goda.
Nam silu dăjot nașă vernostĭ Otcizne.
Tac bîlo, tac iestĭ i tac budet fsegda!

Pripef

Rossiya – svyaşçennaya naşa derjava,
Rossiya – lyubimaya naşa strana.
Moguçaya volya, velikaya slava –
Tvoyo dostoyanye na vse vremena!

Pripev:
Slav’sya, Oteçestvo naşe svobodnoye,
Bratskih narodov soyuz vekovoy,
Predkami dannaya mudrost’ narodnaya!
Slav’sya, strana! Mı gordimsya toboy!

Ot yujnıh morey do polyarnogo kraya
Raskinulis’ naşi lesa i polya.
Odna tı na svete! Odna tı takaya –
Hranimaya Bogom rodnaya zemlya!

Pripev

Şiroky prostor dlya meçtı i dlya jizni.
Gryaduşçiye nam otkrıvayut goda.
Nam silu dayot naşa vernost’ Otçizne.
Tak bılo, tak yest’ i tak budet vsegda!

Pripev

Rosija — svjaŝĉenaja naŝa derĵava,
Rosija — ljubimaja naŝa strana.
Moguĉaja volja, velikaja slava —
Tvojo dostojanije na vse vremena!

Pripev:
Slavsja, Oteĉestvo naŝe svobodnoje,
Brackiĥ narodov sojuz vekovoj,
Predkami danaja mudrostj narodnaja!
Slavsja, strana! Mi gordimsja toboj!

Ot juĵniĥ morjej do poljarnogo kraja
Raskinulisj naŝi lesa i polja.
Odna ti na svete! Odna ti takaja —
Ĥranimaja Bogom rodnaja zemlja!

Pripev

Ŝirokij prostor dlja mechti i dlja ĵizni.
Grjaduŝĉije nam otkrivajut goda.
Nam silu dajot naŝa vernostj Otĉizne.
Tak bilo, tak jestj i tak budet vsegda!

Pripev

Источник

The national anthem of Russia is officially known as the “State Anthem of the Russian Federation.” The music of the anthem was composed by Alexander Alexandrov in 1939 as the State Anthem of the Soviet Union. The lyrics to the original song of the Soviet Union were written by Gabriel El-Registan and Sergey Mikhalkov. However, when this song was adopted by Russia, there were no lyrics used. This is because the former lyrics referenced Joseph Stalin. Mikhalkov wrote new lyrics in 1977 that took the focus off of the war and shed light on communism within the nation.

The music for the Russian national anthem was officially adopted on December 25, 2000. The lyrics were adopted just five days later. There has been some controversy surrounding this national anthem. Only about 56% of Russians say that they feel proud when hearing the song, while just one-quarter actually like the song, according to a poll taken in 2009. Many Russians are not supportive of this anthem because they disagree with a revised version of the Soviet Union’s anthem being used as their national song.

Russian National Anthem Lyrics

Verse 1:
Russia — our sacred state,
Russia — our beloved country.
A mighty will, great glory —
These are yours for all time!

Chorus:
Long live our Fatherland, land of the free,
The eternal union of brothers nations,
Given by ancestors the people’s wiseness!
Long live our land! We are proud of you!

Verse 2:
From the southern seas to the polar lands
Spread our forests and fields.
You are unique in the world, one of a kind —
Native land protected by God!

Chorus

Verse 3:
Wide spaces for dreams and for living
Are opened for us by the coming years.
Our loyalty to our Motherland gives us strength.
Thus it was, thus it is, and thus it will always be!

Chorus

Russian National Anthem

Источник

Different eras in Russia’s history knew different national anthems

Natalya Nosova

Russia has undergone many political changes throughout its history and changed national anthems numerous times. Here we present a brief history of its national song.

When Vladimir Putin signed into law a bill establishing a new Russian national anthem in 2000, not all Russians were happy about it. For instance, the famous Russian cellist Mstislav Rostropovich said that he “would never honor this anthem by standing when it is sung.” The reason for this was simple: This new anthem wasn’t exactly new.

The anthem chosen in 2000 has the same music — written by Alexander Alexandrov — as the old Soviet anthem, which was approved by Joseph Stalin and was in place from 1944-1991. Moreover, although the lyrics were new, they were by the same author as the 1944 anthem — poet Sergey Mikhalkov. As a result, the whole song is reminiscent of the Soviet period. Why did this happen?

Royal glory

Russia’s national anthem has always been a reflection of the country’s society and politics. The first official anthem, entitled “The Prayer of the Russians,” was chosen in 1816 by Emperor Alexander I. It featured Russian lyrics glorifying the tsar and was set to the melody of Britain’s “God, Save The King.”

Nicholas I, who succeeded Alexander and was famous for his Russian patriotism and harsh temper, is reported to have said, “The British music that we’ve been listening for so long bores me.” A new anthem was written immediately in 1833. It was called “God, Save The Tsar!” and had lyrics such as “strong, sovereign, reign for glory, for our glory!”

Revolutionary period

In 1917, the monarchy fell, and Russia’s new leaders wanted new songs for the people. These songs were closely tied to revolutionary symbolism — the Russian version of “La Marseillaise,” for example, served as the anthem from 1917 to 1922. In this song, the formerly “strong, sovereign” tsar was referred to as a “vampire,” an enemy the people should rise up against.

With its formation in 1922, the USSR adopted “The International” as its national song. Though not officially an anthem, this symbolic song of the workers’ international movement was sung at all official events and celebrations. The song calls for “all the world’s starving and enslaved” to rise up and overthrow capitalism.

Stalin’s change of heart

Joseph Stalin changed the Soviet Union’s main song in 1944 to something entirely new. Sergey Mikhalkov and Gabriel El-Registan wrote the lyrics, and the music was by Alexander Alexandov. Stalin’s motivations for the change were political.

During World War II, Stalin wanted signal to Western allies that the Soviet Union was not going to overthrow their governments anymore and was ready to cooperate. Switching to a new anthem and away from “The International” was an important symbolic part of this message.

El-Registan, one of the authors of the song, recalled in his memoirs that “Stalin told us to add one more verse, a bellicose one about the Red Army, about how we are beating the fascists and will continue to do so…” This was reflected in the verse “We grew our army in battles, we will sweep the vile invaders out of the way!” Nevertheless, in 1977 the anthem was “corrected” by the authorities. It was made to sound more peaceful and removed Stalin’s name.

An anthem without words

The Soviet anthem remained in place until the country itself ceased to exist in 1991. Once again, Russia needed a new song. From 1991 until 2000, the unofficial anthem of Russia was “The Patriotic Song,” a little-known composition without text that was written by Mikhail Glinka (1804–1857), one of the most famous composers in Russian history.

The anthem ran into trouble from the beginning. The Communist party blocked its approval as the official national anthem and demanded that the Soviet one be reinstated. At the same time, many people found it a strange choice since there were no words to sing along with. The government even organized a competition for the best lyrics but didn’t manage to find or approve a winner.

Soon after Vladimir Putin was elected for his first presidential term in 2000, he proposed a compromise: return the old anthem but change the lyrics so that they praise Russia rather than the Soviet Union and Communism. As mentioned above, some people strongly opposed the idea, but a majority in parliament approved the bill and since 2000 Alexandrov’s well-known melody has been played at all official events.

Responding to criticism for bringing back Soviet symbolism, Putin said back in 2000 “If we agree that we shouldn’t use…the symbols of the Soviet era, we should also agree that an entire generation of our citizens, our mothers and fathers [who lived in the USSR], lived their life senselessly. And I cannot agree with that”

This article is part of the «Why Russia…?» series in which RBTH answers popular questions about Russia.

If using any of Russia Beyond’s content, partly or in full, always provide an active hyperlink to the original material.

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Источник

The State Anthem of the Russian Federation was written by Sergey Mikhalkov and Gabriel El-Registan, and it was set to music by Alexander Alexandrov.^[1] The music was officially adopted on 25 December 2000^[2] and its lyrics were officially adopted five days later.^[3] Having its melody and some of its lyrics derived from the State Anthem of the Soviet Union, in December 2000, this anthem was approved by President Vladimir Putin.^[4]

Lyrics[]

Russian official[]

Cyrillic script	Latin script	IPA transcription (as sung)
Россия – священная наша держава, Россия – любимая наша страна. Могучая воля, великая слава — Твоё достоянье на все времена! Припев: Славься, Отечество наше свободное, Братских народов союз вековой, Предками данная мудрость народная! Славься, страна! Мы гордимся тобой! От южных морей до полярного края Раскинулись наши леса и поля. Одна ты на свете! Одна ты такая — Хранимая Богом родная земля! Припев Широкий простор для мечты и для жизни Грядущие нам открывают года. Нам силу даёт наша верность Отчизне. Так было, так есть и так будет всегда! Припев^[3]	Rossija – svjaščennaja naša deržava, Rossija – ljubimaja naša strana. Mogučaja volja, velikaja slava — Tvojo dostojanje na vse vremena! Pripev: Slavjsja, Otečestvo naše svobodnoje, Bratskih narodov sojuz vekovoj, Predkami dannaja mudrostj narodnaja! Slavjsja, strana! My gordimsja toboj! Ot južnyh morej do poljarnovo kraja Raskinulisj naši lesa i polja. Odna ty na svete! Odna ty takaja — Hranimaja Bogom rodnaja zemlja! Pripev Širokij prostor dlja mečty i dlja žizni Grjaduščije nam otkryvajut goda. Nam silu dajot naša vernostj Otčizne. Tak bylo, tak jestj i tak budet vsegda! Pripev	[rɐ.ˈsʲi.ja svʲɪɕ.ˈɕɛn.na.ja ˈna.ʂa dʲɪr.ˈʐa.va ǀ] [rɐ.ˈsʲi.ja lʲʉ.ˈbʲi.ma.jɐ ˈna.ʂa stra.ˈna ‖] [ma.ˈɡu.t͡ɕa.jɐ ˈvo.lʲa vʲɛ.ˈlʲi.ka.jɐ ˈsɫa.va ǀ] [tva.ˈjɵ das.tɐ.ˈja.nʲjɛ nɐ‿fsʲɛ vrʲɛ.mʲɪ.ˈna ‖] [prʲɪ.ˈpʲef] [ˈsɫafʲ.sʲa a.ˈtʲɛ.t͡ɕɪst.va ǀ ˈna.ʂɛ sva.ˈbod.na.jɛ ǀ] [ˈbrat.skʲix nɐ.ˈro.daf sɐ.ˈjuz‿vʲɛ.ka.ˈvoj ‖] [ˈprʲɛt.ka.mʲi ˈdan.na.ja ǀ ˈmu.drasʲtʲ na.ˈrod.na.ja ǀ] [ˈsɫafʲ.sʲa strɐ.ˈna ǀ mɨ ɡɐr.ˈdʲim.sʲa tɐ.ˈboj ‖] [at‿ˈjuʐ.nɨx mɐ.ˈrʲɛj dɐ‿pɐ.ˈlʲar.na.vɐ ˈkra.ja ǀ] [rɐs.ˈkʲi.nu.lʲɪsʲ ˈna.ʂɨ lʲɪ.ˈsa i pɐ.ˈlʲa ‖] [ɐd.ˈna tɨ nɐ‿ˈsvʲɛ.tʲɛ ‖ ɐd.ˈna tɨ tɐ.ˈka.ja ǀ] [xrɐ.ˈnʲi.ma.jɐ ˈbo.ɡam rɐd.ˈna.ja zʲɪm.ˈlʲa ‖] [prʲɪ.ˈpʲef] [ʂɨ.ˈro.kʲij prɐ.ˈstor dlʲa mʲɪt͡ɕ.ˈtɨ i dlʲɐ‿ˈʐɨzʲ.nʲɪ ǀ] [ɡrʲɪ(ɐ).ˈduɕ.ɕi.jɪ nam at.krɨ.ˈva.jud‿ɡa.ˈda ‖] [nɐm‿ˈsʲi.ɫu dɐ.ˈjɵt ˈna.ʂa ˈvʲɛr.nasʲtʲ ɐt.ˈt͡ɕizʲ.nʲɪ ǀ] [tɐɡ‿ˈbɨ.ɫa tɐk jɛsʲtʲ i tɐɡ‿ˈbu.dʲɛt fsʲɪɡ.ˈda ‖] [prʲɪ.ˈpʲef]

English version[]

O Russia – thou art our power so holy,
O Russia – thou art our beloved country —
Of such great glory, of will so mighty,
For thine are they for all eternity!

Chorus:
O Land of the free, glorious thou shalt be,
Age-old union of folks brotherly.
Wisdom of thy people are our legacy,
Shine bright, o country! Glad are we for thee!

From the southern seas to the polar lands,
Aspread are our forests and fields.
Unique art thou, the one and only on Earth —
O God-protected native land of worth!

Chorus

Spaces far and wide for dreams and for living
Have welcomed us by the aeons coming.
Fealty to Fatherland giveth us vigour.
‘Twas so, ’tis so and shall be forever!

Chorus

Trivia[]

Like the anthems of Belarus, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, Russia kept its tune.

References[]

↑ Russian Federation – NationalAnthems.me
↑ Federal Constitutional Law on the National Anthem of the Russian Federation (2000-12-25).
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 30.12.2000, N 2110. Kremlin.ru.
↑ Consulate-General of the Russian Federation. Montreal, Canada.

Источник

UN member states and observer statesEdit

Anthems of partially recognized states and territoriesEdit

See alsoEdit

NotesEdit

ReferencesEdit

Further readingEdit

External linksEdit

1. Russia’s Anthem Lyrics

2. Russian Anthem Vocabulary and Phrases

3. History of the Russian Anthem

4. Occasions when you can listen to this song

5. Interesting facts about Russian Anthem

6. Conclusion

Call for lyrics

Modern adoption

Public perception

Regulations

Official lyrics

References

External links

Look at other dictionaries:

Russian National Anthem Lyrics

Russian National Anthem

Royal glory

Revolutionary period

Stalin’s change of heart

An anthem without words

Lyrics[]

Russian official[]

English version[]

Trivia[]

References[]