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We are Cambridge.

When we learn together, we learn more.

With the latest research, we connect teachers and learners from around the world. This approach lets us learn from each other, constantly improve our teaching materials and unlock real-life opportunities for all.

So teach with us, and together we’ll build brighter futures.

Let’s build a brighter future together

How does Better Learning work?

It’s a continuous cycle where our insights shape content that drives results.

  1. Our researchers discover unique insights to create modern, vibrant materials.
  2. Teachers get effective materials to help their learners achieve the results they need.
  3. With every learner’s success, we build further insights that shape the future of learning.

Our unique insights

Every day we talk to people from all over the world about what would make their experiences of teaching and learning English better. The insights from these conversations are combined with expertise from our ELT Language Research team in Cambridge.

Our researchers work with other language specialists around the world, and with rich sources of data such as the Cambridge English Corpus and the Cambridge Life Competencies Framework, to ensure that the content we produce improves teaching and learning for everyone.

We actively help to shape a brighter future by using our insights to create effective, relevant content.

Content that makes a difference

Language learning is changing. We ensure our teachers and learners have access to relevant digital tools, which enhance the classroom, without increasing teacher workload.

To deliver great teaching experiences, we create content that is easy to use, engages learners and keeps them motivated throughout their lessons.

Results that matter to you

Together, we build brighter futures for both teachers and learners. Our resources help learners achieve academic success and unlock real-world opportunities, by developing valuable life skills.

We provide tools to help teachers track and measure progress and, with every student’s success, we gain insights which help shape our future content and the future of learning.

ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ В СФЕРЕ ПРЕПОДАВАНИЯ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА

Летом прошлого года издательство Cambridge University Press организовало и провело конференцию Better Learning с участием ведущих специалистов и ключевых лиц в сфере преподавания английского языка из самых разных стран мира. На конференции обсуждались различные вопросы, касающиеся как учеников, так и преподавателей, а также тенденции, которые мы сможем увидеть в ближайшем будущем. Хосе Антонио Мендес, директор отдела глобальных рыночных исследований издательства Cambridge University Press, приводит краткое изложение результатов конференции.

КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ BETTER LEARNING

В рамках конференции участники обменивались знаниями и вдохновляли друг друга на достижение лучших результатов в обучении английскому языку. В конференции приняли участие 75 человек из 23 стран: от маститых преподавателей крупных языковых школ Турции до членов учебных советов при правительствах различных стран, отвечающих за формирование национальной политики в данной сфере. К ним присоединились профессоры (преподаватели и научные сотрудники) из самых разных точек мира, от Мексики до Японии.

В обсуждении различных вопросов участники конференции единогласно отметили наиболее вероятные изменения ресурсов, в которых будут нуждаться преподаватели английского языка, в течение ближайших пяти лет. Лейтмотивом в обсуждении преподавания языка в начальной школе, старшеклассникам и взрослым стала тема индивидуального подхода к обучению.

ОСНОВНЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ В ПРЕПОДАВАНИИ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА В НАЧАЛЬНОЙ ШКОЛЕ

Основное внимание при обсуждении тенденций уделялось анализу методов обучения и индивидуальному подходу. Индивидуальный подход основан на том, что обучение — это непрерывный процесс и его необходимо корректировать в зависимости от навыков, знаний и интересов учеников. Это означает, что учителю всегда следует определять оптимальный для каждого ученика уровень и ставить перед ним задачи, соответствующие этому уровню.

Как это можно сделать? Многие учителя убеждены, что единый подход ко всем ученикам в классе не может принести максимальную пользу. Тем не менее применение индивидуального подхода — не такая простая задача, если вам не на что опереться.

Часто учителя пытаются решить вопрос с индивидуальным подходом к ученикам за счет своей личной изобретательности, но в будущем популярность данного подхода к обучению будет только расти, и все чаще мы будем видеть, как такой подход будет внедряться непосредственно в учебные материалы.

Как это будет работать на практике? Можно будет использовать, например, различные несложные инструменты в учебниках и электронных обучающих программах. Например, можно будет выделить какой-то раздел, и ученики, которым требуется дополнительная подсказка, смогут ею воспользоваться, а те ученики, которые уже знакомы с этим разделом, не будут отвлекаться на уже знакомый им материал.

ТЕНДЕНЦИИ В ПРЕПОДАВАНИИ СТАРШЕКЛАССНИКАМ

Всем известно, что преподавание в старших классах ограничивается весьма строгим бюджетом, при этом к качеству преподавания предъявляются высокие требования как со стороны родителей, так и со стороны госпрограмм. В связи с этим в приоритете будет такое обучение, которое повысит субъективную ценность среднего образования и одновременно убедит родителей и опекунов, оплачивающих его, в том, что они не переплачивают за обучение (особенно важен этот аспект в случае с частными школами). Это подчеркивает всю важность наличия материалов и программ для профессионального роста учителей, способствующих развитию их навыков. С распространением цифровых технологий это означает, например, рост количества обучающих программ по применению цифровых ресурсов в повседневной педагогической деятельности, что, в свою очередь, поможет учителям сократить разрыв со своими учениками в степени владения современными ресурсами и более эффективно использовать цифровые технологии для преподавания и выставления оценок. Также существует большая потребность в дифференцированных и более персонализированных материалах для профессионального роста учителей — это позволит им лучше справляться с задачами, которые предстоит решать каждому преподавателю в своей области.

Помимо этого, все чаще от учителей требуют преподавать на двух языках сразу — это явление чаще наблюдалось в международных школах, но, скорее всего, такая тенденция перейдет и на старшие классы обычных школ. Все большее количество средних школ сталкиваются с требованием внедрить интегрированный предметно-языковой подход (CLIL) в процесс обучения подростков и взрослых. Это будет означать рост спроса на инструменты, которые будут помогать учителям определять те звенья учебной программы, где можно улучшить процесс преподавания на английском языке. Также будет расти необходимость в новых стратегиях обучения учителей, которые помогут им преодолеть трудности применения английского языка в особо узких, иногда сугубо технических контекстах и помогут ученикам в успешной учебе по различным предметам.

ТЕНДЕНЦИИ В ОБУЧЕНИИ ВЗРОСЛЫХ

На конференции активно обсуждался вопрос о совмещении цифровых и «традиционных» технологий в обучении; говорили об острой необходимости в программах, которые смогут обеспечить гибкость в обучении, что позволит удовлетворять потребности учеников, занятых в самых различных отраслях. Одновременно с этим к 2020 году ожидается значительное увеличение количества материалов для преподавания «английского языка для конкретных целей» (ESP, т. е. для осуществления деятельности в конкретных отраслях).

Как и в случае со школами, актуален вопрос о применении цифровых технологий для более индивидуального подхода к преподаванию. В классах, где занимаются взрослые, часто встречаются люди с самыми разными профессиями и интересами: от юристов и бизнесменов до научных работников. Спектр контекстов, в которых они будут использовать свои знания английского языка, гораздо шире по сравнению с контекстами молодых студентов. В связи с этим огромное значение имеют материалы и ресурсы для более успешного преподавания отраслевого английского.

Преподаватели английского для взрослых очень надеются скоро увидеть вспомогательные материалы для преподавания академического английского (EAP), в которых будет сделан упор на обучении студентов критическому мышлению, которое они могут применять для решения задач в университете. Такой адаптивный и индивидуальный подход также релевантен для программ профессионального развития преподавателей.

Источник: José Antonio Mendez / Перевод Зои Постниковой / Картинка

ВАМ ПОНРАВИЛАСЬ ЭТА СТАТЬЯ?

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There are many languages which are spoken all over the world. To have good communication skills, a person must have good command over the language. People want to have good command over the language, but they never know which is the best way to accomplish their requirement. People often get confused about how to learn or best ways to learn vocabulary words fast and effectively.

best ways to learn vocabulary

Best Techniques for Learning Vocabulary:

Vocabulary acts as a strong basis for any language. You cannot be good at any language if you lack proper vocabulary. If you want to learn any language fluently then you need to get a strong grip on vocabulary. Moreover, it is the one ingredient that beautifies the language in the right way.

Now, it is not so tough as it sounds, but learning vocabulary can be considered as an advanced topic in language learning. Be it any language, target it and learn it as much as possible by following the steps mentioned below.

  1. Practice WLCR (Write, Look, Cover, Repeat)
  2. Try to learn as many new words as possible
  3. Understand where to use which word
  4. Find better and new sources that can help you learn
  5. Try flashcards
  6. Make use of internet
  7. Work in a Context
  8. Bridge down links between data helps you memorize well
  9. Practice repetition so as not to forget
  10. Use sticky notes
  11. Study Linguistics

The following mentioned tips explain to you how to learn vocabulary quickly, fast and in an easy way.

1. Talk to yourself whenever possible:

People who want to learn a new language, do not know the new words and they don’t have any idea as to how to fill the gaps in between. Whenever a person wants to learn a new language, then he should continuously talk to himself about various things like what he likes or what he wants to be…and so on.

By doing this, he will be able to understand the areas where he is lacking and he can make the necessary corrections.

2. Write down all the points which you want to remember:

One of the best ways to memorize things is to make a list of all the things that a person wants to remember. Always keep a book and whenever there are words which need to be remembered, then list them and make use of them whenever required.

By maintaining the list the person can have his own pocket dictionary and he can carry it wherever he wants to.

3. Read as much as possible:

If a person gets into the habit of reading, then a person is exposed to new words. Always make it a habit to underline the new words and refer to them in the context section and try to understand their meaning. By doing this, you will remember the words and will be able to make its correct usage.

4. Try to improve the context skills:

People always make use of context section whenever they are introduced to a new word. While a person reads or writes, always pay attention to the usage of the words. This will allow a person to know the correct usage of the word and will remember it for lifelong. There are various online sites that give detailed classes as to how to improve upon the context skills.

5. Practice is the key:

The best way to learn any language is to practice it. A person can practice it by writing it on a daily basis. For this, a person can write the word at least 10 times daily and also make sentences with its meaning. This will help not only to learn words, but also the meaning as well.

By maintaining the dictionary, a person can write 5 to 10 words to learn on a daily basis and refer to it whenever needed.

6. Try to make connections with the words:

Whenever a person listens to a word, he should try to connect it to a word of similar meaning or words which help you to remember them.

For example: If a person wants to remember the word gigantic, then he should connect it with Godzilla or any other rhyming word. This will create a picture in the mind of a person and he will be able to remember the meaning as well.

7. Make use of mnemonics:

People often don’t know about mnemonics. It is the device which is used to make people learn about the new good vocabulary words. This device helps to create a story in the mind of its reader so whenever he listens to it, he can connect it with that word and know its meaning.

There are different ways under this technique and a person can choose from a variety of ways, as every person has his own best way to learn vocabulary.

8. Keep searching the new words:

Always make it a habit to look out for new best vocabulary words every now and then. These days there are a variety of online dictionaries that are available. These programs provide a chance to the reader to go through a variety of words and introduce them with new words every time they search for them.

9. Play and have fun with the words:

Make it a habit to play with words through various board games like Scrabble, crossword puzzles and many other for your vocabulary improvement. These days to play these games a person doesn’t need partners as a person can play with the computer as a partner.

Also make it a habit to solve the crossword puzzle that are published in the newspaper for daily practice.

10. Make use of the vocabulary word lists:

Make use of the vocabulary word lists for the serious knowledge of the new words. These days there are many books available in the market for the knowledge of the words that are used in the competitive examinations. Also, various online sites are available where they provide knowledge about these words.

11. Take your own vocabulary tests:

One of the best ways to learn vocabulary is take your own tests. By taking your own tests, a person can easily evaluate the areas where he needs to work harder. Taking your own test will highlight your weaknesses and the corrective measures can be taken. These days online vocabulary tests are also available, so take these online vocabulary tests and find the areas of correction.

12. Play online vocabulary games:

Today the technology has advanced to a great level. There are so many online vocabulary games available that makes learning a complete fun. These games make learning not only entertaining but much easier. Another important feature of these games is that they make learning much easier as well as the kids at a very young age can start learning through these games.

13. Communicate more with people:

Practical experience of any knowledge is the best way to determine the level at which a person stands. Through communication with more and more people a person can get the actual learning process to start. When we communicate with more people we get a better understanding of the language and we get to know the correct usage of the language.

14. Imagine things in relation to the words:

Try to imagine things whenever you listen to new words. This will automatically become your habit once you start practicing this thing. Like it is done in school where teachers make the students remember things by telling them a story and creating a picture in their minds. This habit of a person will help him to create a picture in the mind of its listeners.

15. Try to remember in small portions:

Never try to remember too many things at one go because this will create confusion and make it difficult to remember. Language is a way to express things and not a tool where you just have to apply a formula.

Always try to connect the words with certain adjectives as they will add more meaning to the word and make it easier to remember.

16. Make use of pictures:

Whenever a person listens to a new word, draw a picture that will make a person remember it for a long time. For example, when a person is talking to another person in a new language and is unable to remember some words, then with the help of those pictures he can remember those words and can converse easily.

Just like in small classes where teachers use pictures to make students remember alphabets and they recall them by remembering those pictures.

17. Try to remember words with opposite meanings:

Whenever we hear a word we try to know its meaning as well. So, whenever a person listens to a word try to remember its opposite as well because sometimes it is easier to remember the opposite rather than the word itself. By doing this you can remember the word as well as the opposite as well. This helps to learn two words at a time.

18. A person should set realistic goals for himself:

Every individual has his own caliber to do things, although there are some exceptional cases. Generally, on average a person can remember only 10 words that he learns at a time.

So, try to set goals that are realistic rather than goals which are difficult to achieve. Even if a person sets higher goals for himself, then he has to put in extra efforts which may sometimes become an overburden.

19. Try to learn in clusters:

Always try to learn in cluster because it is difficult to remember a single word. Words, when learnt in a cluster, is a easy to remember. Whenever a person tries to remember words in a cluster he creates a picture in his mind and in the times of its usage there flows a chain in his mind. By doing this he can actually remember a large number of words at a time.

20. Learn words by breaking them:

Try to remember words by breaking them. There are certain words that have a suffix or a prefix attached to them. By dividing these words it becomes easier to remember them as they become two words to be remembered. Also, it helps to study the conjugations that are attached in these words.

21. Try to focus on phrases rather than a word:

Try to focus on phrases that are commonly used because it is easier to words which are commonly used in day to day conversation because our minds tend to remember them more easily.

This way the words are easily remembered and when combined in different combinations we get to frame new sentences easily. This is an easy way to remember a new language very easily.

22. Learn through music:

It is difficult to learn words when remembered in a theoretical manner. Music is that one thing which is loved by all, even kids can easily relate to it. Words can be easily remembered when learned in the form of a song.

Whenever a person sings a song he can remember the lyrics of the song as well. Similarly, any language when converted in the form of a song can be easily remembered and when sung the words flow automatically.

23. Take your dictionary to the gym:

It is a well-known fact that whenever we do any form of physical exercise our brain tends to do work at a faster rate than normal.

So, whenever you hit the gym do take your dictionary with you and with the repetition of the exercise repeat the words along. As you know that by repeating the exercise we become perfect in them, same goes with the words also.

24. Give color schemes to the words:

Often it happens that we are very close to remember the word, but it is not possible for us to recollect that word because it is not photostatted on our memory. This problem can be solved by a simple technique of color scheme. Like we can write all the words in negative in red color and words with positive meaning in green color. This way you can easily recollect the words whenever you come across them.

25. Make a list of all the important word’s sequence wise:

An effective tool for remembering the words is making the list of important words in order of the priority of their usage. This way whenever you go through a list of important words the ones that are important are revised earlier.

26. Use FluentU:

Fluentu is an application that converts real-world videos, trailers into personalized learning lessons. There are various levels in this application and the lessons depend on the level selected. Once it is turned to lesson mode the lessons automatically starts.

Conclusion:

Learning any language is a task when done in a boring way, but when done in an interesting way it becomes fun. So, use the above-listed techniques and get that command over the language.

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Learning a foreign language isn’t always easy, especially when it comes to vocabulary. (I’ve been studying Japanese for years and still have trouble remembering words!) Luckily, there are many ways you can learn English vocabulary—and some of them are even a little fun!

In this guide, we go over the top five methods you can use to learn English words and give you a few tips on how to find English words to study.

Feature image: Nicolas Raymond/freestock.ca

Method 1: Make Flashcards

One of the most popular (and arguably best) ways to learn English vocabulary is to use flashcards. Each flashcard will have one English word written on the front and the word’s translation or definition on the back.

To study them, you’ll look at one side of a card and say the word on it in the opposite language before you look at the other side of the card (so if you were looking at the English side, for example, you’d say the word in your native language).

Flashcards are excellent resources because they help you memorize vocabulary words both quickly and effectively. They’re also customizable and reusable. Both paper and digital cards are available, and you can make your own cards, buy a pre-made deck, or download a deck online.

Pros

  • Flashcards are easy to make. If you’re making paper cards, all you need are note cards (or small pieces of paper), a pencil or pen, and a list of the words you want to study. For digital cards, all you need is a computer and some software or a website to make them with.
  • They’re interactive, especially if you make them yourself. With paper flashcards, you must write down all of the words you want to study as well as physically thumb through the cards, helping you concentrate on what each word means.
  • Flashcard decks are easy to expand if you find new vocabulary you want to study. All you need to do is make a new flashcard and then add it to your deck—that’s it!
  • They’re easy to randomize. Mixing up the order in which you study is essential to ensuring that you fully understand the meanings of the words you’re learning.

Cons

  • Making flashcards is time consuming. Though not particularly difficult to make, flashcards can take a long time to create (regardless of whether you’re making paper or digital cards). Therefore, make sure you have ample time to set aside when making them.
  • Paper flashcards are bulky and take up a lot of space. As a result, they’re often difficult to take places and use for on-the-go reviewing. If you’re hoping to brush up on your English vocabulary at places other than home, consider bringing only some of your cards with you or using a more compact resource such as a list (see method 2 below).

body_blank_note_card

How to Use This Method Effectively

Flashcards must be used in specific ways in order to be effective for English-language learning. These methods differ depending on whether you’re studying with paper or digital flashcards.

Paper Flashcards

Paper flashcards are best for those who prefer more traditional study methods and want a break from computers and smartphones.

You can use any blank note cards to make your flashcards. Once you have some, start making your cards: with each card, write an English word (spelled correctly!) on the front and its translation in your native language (or an image of the word) on the back. You may also include on the front the word’s part of speech and/or a sample English sentence.

When finished, begin studying your flashcards using the «waterfall» method. With this method, you’ll study cards in subsets (smaller stacks of cards) and get to review harder English words more often than words you already know.

We explain the waterfall method in more detail in our guide to TOEFL vocabulary flashcards. However, to summarize briefly, here’s how it works:

#1: Go through all of your flashcards and make two piles: a «Know It» pile (with words you know) and a «Struggled» pile (with words you don’t know). Put the «Struggled» pile to the right of the «Know It» pile:

body_flashcards_waterfall_1

#2: Next, go through the cards in your «Struggled» pile one at a time. As you do this, make a second «Know It» pile for words you know (put this pile to the right of your original «Know It» pile). For words you don’t know, put them back in your «Struggled» pile.

#3: Continue this process of going through your «Struggled» pile and making new «Know It» piles until you only have four to five cards left in your «Struggled» pile. Here’s what your cards should look like:

body_flashcards_waterfall_2

#4: Now, work your way back up your «waterfall» of cards, starting with your «Struggled» pile. Go through this stack of cards until you know all of the words in it. You might have to go through it several times before you can remember all of the words.

#5: Combine the «Struggled» pile with the «Know It» pile directly to the left of it. Now, you’ll go through all of the words in both piles (combined as one) until you know all of these words.

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#6: Repeat step 5 until you’ve gone through all of the cards in your deck, from right to left. You should now know the meanings of all of the English words on your flashcards!

Digital Flashcards

Some people (myself included!) prefer studying foreign languages with digital, or computerized, flashcards. These types of flashcards are accessible through software applications, websites, and/or apps.

While there are many free flashcard-making websites and programs available, my personal favorites are Anki and Memrise.

Anki is a free downloadable software through which you can make your own flashcards or download pre-made decks submitted by users. It uses spaced-repetition software (SRS) to show you difficult cards more often—similar to the waterfall method described above—making it convenient and easy to use.

Memrise, on the other hand, is a free language-learning website that offers tons of pre-made decks. It’s a little flashier and more game-like than Anki, so if you’d prefer a more «fun» way to learn English words, this is a great website (and app!) to try out.

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Method 2: Make a Study List

Another helpful method is to make a list of all of the English-vocabulary words you want to learn. A list is different from flashcards in that it has all of the words you need to know in one place (instead of on separate cards). If you don’t want to deal with the hassle of using note cards, a study list is a solid option.

Pros

  • The biggest benefit is that lists are easy to expand as you come across new words you want to know. For example, if you saw an English word you didn’t know on a sign at a restaurant, you can simply take out your list and write it down.
  • You can use your list as a base for other study methods. Lists are helpful resources for identifying specific words to put on flashcards and use in vocabulary quizzes (see method 4).
  • A list is less bulky than flashcards. With a list, you can keep track of dozens of words on a single sheet of paper, taking up far less space than hundreds of flashcards.
  • It’s easy to make. All you need to do is write out each word, its part of speech (optional), and its meaning in your native language—nothing more!

Cons

  • They’re pretty tedious and boring to work with. Unlike flashcards, which are highly interactive (you can make cards, flip through them, shuffle them, etc.), lists are static resources with few stimulating features.
  • They make it difficult to randomize words. You’ll learn English words faster by sporadically mixing up the order in which you study them, but it’s a challenge to randomize words on lists since you can’t physically rearrange them as you can with flashcards.

How to Use This Method Effectively

Write your English words on the left side of a piece of paper, from top to bottom. I suggest numbering the words and adding their parts of speech, too (this is helpful because it teaches you how to use the words).

Then, on the right side of the paper, write the translation of each word in your native language (again, from top to bottom so that each translation aligns horizontally with its English equivalent). Here’s an example:

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When you’re ready to start studying, get a separate sheet of paper (or your hand) to cover up the words on the right. You’ll then move this sheet down as you read and define each English word on the left. Make sure to say each word aloud in English before translating it into your native language.

Once you’ve defined a word, move your sheet of paper down to check that you’ve translated it correctly:

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As you go through your list, consider marking any words you’re having trouble remembering. This way you’ll know right away which words you need to spend a little more time on than others.

Here are some additional ways you can use your list to learn English vocabulary:

  • Study words in reverse. With this method, you’ll start at the bottom of your list and reveal words one at a time by moving your sheet up instead of down. This prevents you from simply memorizing the list in one particular order.
  • Cover up the English side so that you must read the words in your native language and then translate them into English. Studying like this ensures you can come up with English equivalents for words all on your own.

These are both great methods to use after you’ve used the main method described above and are more familiar with the English vocabulary on your list.

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Method 3: Write Out Words Repeatedly

If you want to practice spelling English words and like doing something physical as you study, writing out words is a solid option to try. With this method, you’ll write out each English word several times as you say it aloud.

If you’ve taken English courses in the past, you’ve probably had homework similar to this (I had to write out new words all the time for Japanese class in junior high and high school!). Although rote memorization isn’t everyone’s cup of tea, it can still be a highly effective way to learn English words.

Pros

  • It’s interactive. Unlike flashcards and lists, which you merely look at to study, you’re always doing something when writing out words. If you’re the type who gets easily antsy and likes having something to do with your hands as you study, this is a good method to try.
  • It helps you remember how to spell words. Flashcards and lists mainly teach you what a word means, but writing out a word (rather than looking at it briefly) makes it far easier to remember how it’s spelled.

Cons

  • Writing out words repeatedly can feel monotonous. Despite being an effective method, rote memorization isn’t a particularly fun way to learn a language and gets tiresome fast.
  • You can easily lose focus on a word as you write it again and again. To truly benefit from this method, you need to focus on what each word means and how it’s spelled. Unfortunately, the repetitive motions make it easy to fall into a zombie-like stupor.

How to Use This Method Effectively

The best way to write out words is to have a set number of times you’re going to write them out. Usually, 10 to 20 times is sufficient. Just make sure you’re actively thinking about each word as you write it out: look at the letters and how they’re arranged, pronounce it, and then define it.

I find that it’s helpful to note the translation of each word (in your native language) above your repetitions so that you don’t forget the meanings of any words and can more readily make associations between words in your language and in English.

Finally, I strongly suggest using this method with one of the two methods above (flashcards or a study list) to keep you from getting bored with your studies. Personally, I think the flashcard method is better as it’s more fun and doesn’t require you to make another long list of words.

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Method 4: Take Vocabulary Quizzes

If you’re tired of flashcards and lists, vocabulary quizzes are a great way to test what you’ve learned and ensure you truly understand the meanings of English words.

Many English-word quizzes are available for free online. While some are traditional tests, others are more game-like; for example, you might find a matching game in which you have to match English words with their meanings (also in English!).

You can also make your own vocabulary quizzes using any of the resources above (flashcards, lists, etc.).

Pros

  • They check your English progress by testing what you’ve learned. Quizzes let you see whether you truly know the English words you’ve studied and can use them fluently. If you fail a quiz, you’ll know exactly which words to work on more.
  • Most online vocabulary quizzes are free. You can find tons of free, high-quality English-language quizzes and games on websites geared toward students, ESL learners, and general language learners.

Cons

  • You can’t really learn words from scratch using quizzes alone. In other words, you’ll need to combine quizzes with one or more of the methods above so you can learn English vocabulary before testing out what you know.
  • Some online vocabulary quizzes aren’t super high quality, so make sure you’re choosing ones that have words you are familiar with and no glitches or inaccuracies.

How to Use This Method Effectively

You have two options when it comes to English-vocabulary quizzes: look for pre-made quizzes online, or make your own.

Online Quizzes

If looking for quizzes online, I recommend starting with popular learning websites.

One option is Free Rice, whose «English Vocabulary» mode tests your knowledge of various high-level English words. Each question gives you one English word and four possible synonyms; the answer choices are also in English, so you’ll need to have a high English level in order to do well. For each question you get right, Free Rice donates 10 grains of rice to help end world hunger. So this is an excellent resource to use if you like the idea of helping others as you study!

Quizlet and Cram are two other websites you can use for free. Both offer flashcards, vocabulary lists, quizzes, and games. All you do is choose an English-vocabulary deck (or make your own) and then test yourself using the site’s «Test» feature.

Both websites’ «Test» features are similar to an actual language test: you get a variety of question types, from fill-in-the-blank and matching to multiple choice and true or false. With Cram, however, you can also choose how the system grades your answers. For example, you can make it so you don’t lose any points for errors in punctuation or capitalization.

Making Your Own Quizzes

The best way to make your own English-vocabulary quiz is to use flashcards (see method 1). With flashcards, you can easily randomize the words you’ll get and can’t predict which words will come up.

To make a quiz, get out a sheet of paper and number it 1-20 (or however many questions you want to have). Then, choose a flashcard at random. On your paper, write down the English word shown and (without flipping the card over) its translation or meaning in your native language.

Don’t check your answers right away by flipping the cards over—rather, wait until you’ve finished your entire quiz and then flip over the flashcards to score your test.

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Method 5: Use Vocabulary Words in Conversation and Writing

Although the methods above are extremely useful for memorizing English words, you’ll never retain the words you learn unless you actually use them in conversation and writing. In short, context is key!

Pros

  • You’ll learn more quickly how to use and say words you’ve studied. Although you should always say words aloud when you first learn them, using them in conversation (especially with native English speakers) is by far the best way to ensure you’re actually pronouncing and using them correctly.
  • You’ll remember words better by using them in sentences, so always look for opportunities to use words you learn in both conversation and writing.
  • You can get feedback when conversing with or writing to native English speakers. If you’re not sure whether you’re using a word correctly, you can ask others to give you feedback or explain how they themselves use specific words in English.

Cons

  • It’s not always easy to find people to use English with. If you don’t live in an English-speaking country, native speakers can be hard to find, making it difficult to actively use the words you learn in conversation and writing.
  • You need someone to check that you’re using the words correctly. If you’re using a word in writing, for example, but aren’t sure whether you’re using it correctly, you’ll need to ask a native speaker to check it for you. This can be tough to do, though, if you don’t have access to any native speakers.
  • It can be intimidating to use new words with others. When speaking another language, we tend to rely on using only the words we know so we can avoid making any obvious mistakes. Unfortunately, this fear can ultimately hinder your ability to learn new words and use them with confidence.

How to Use This Method Effectively

If you’d like to use new English words in conversation, you’ll first need to find native English speakers or other English-language learners to practice speaking with. If you don’t live in an English-speaking country, try looking for English-language groups or clubs you can join in your area. Meetup, for example, is a handy website you can use to search for language groups around you (you can even create one yourself!).

Another option for English-speaking practice is to pay for video chat language lessons. Fees vary depending on the company you use and how many hours you want to practice. Some of the best websites to try include Live Lingua, Verbalplanet, and italki.

But what about writing in English? If you want to practice using words in writing, start keeping a journal and then have other people (preferably native English speakers) read your work to check that you’re correctly using new vocabulary.

My personal recommendation is a free website called Lang-8 on which you write various posts (such as journal entries, questions, stories, etc.) in your target language. Once you make a post, native English speakers then correct your entries and offer feedback. I’ve used this website many times before while studying Japanese, and it’s always been an extremely helpful resource!

You can also find a pen pal to write to in English—ideally, one who is a native English speaker and will write to you in your native language in return. This way you can have someone you know correct your English as you also correct his or her writing in your language!

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How to Find English Vocabulary to Study: 3 Options

Now that we’ve given you a handful of methods you can use for learning English vocabulary, here are a few tips on where to actually find new English words to study.

#1: Write Down Words You Hear and Read

This is perhaps one of the most practical methods for learning English vocabulary, and one I often used while living in Japan. Basically, you’ll keep a running list of any unfamiliar English words you hear or read in both your day-to-day life and studies.

For listening, some of the best resources to use for finding new words are as follows:

  • Everyday conversation: Ideally, you’ll converse mostly with native English speakers; that said, it’s better to practice speaking with other English-language learners than with nobody at all!
  • English movies and TV shows: Avoid turning on the subtitles for your native language. Instead, if you’re having trouble picking out key words, turn on the English subtitles; this will help you identify new words more quickly and let you see how they’re spelled.
  • English podcasts: Start by browsing this excellent list of English podcasts for language learners. Then, find the ones that sound most interesting to you and start listening!
  • YouTube: Find English videos on topics you’re interested in (and turn on English subtitles if needed).

For reading, try looking for new English words to practice in these resources:

  • Newspapers: There are tons of high-quality English-language newspapers online. Intermediate speakers can start with easier English-news websites such as VOA Learning English and BBC Learning English, whereas advanced learners can dive right into popular news outlets such as CNN and The New York Times.
  • Websites: Look for websites and blogs dealing with any topic of interest to you. I suggest looking for prominent websites with lots of followers to ensure that the English they use is high quality.
  • Books and stories: What better way to learn new words than through your favorite fairy tales? Intermediate learners can start with children’s books and short stories, while advanced learners can jump to novellas and novels. Graphic novels are also excellent resources!

Once you’ve found vocabulary words you want to study, open a Word document on your computer and start making a list. You can then add words to this list whenever you come across ones you don’t know in your listening and reading practice.

Make sure to include most or all of the following elements on your vocabulary list:

  • The word in English (spelled correctly!)
  • Its part of speech
  • The translation/meaning of the word in your native language
  • An example sentence using the word

You can then use this list as your primary study list or to help you make flashcards and quizzes.

#2: Look for Free Word Lists Online

Another helpful option is to seek out pre-made English word lists. Waiting to hear or read new English vocabulary isn’t always practical for language learners, but you can luckily find many free English-word lists online using the websites mentioned above (e.g., Quizlet, Cram, Memrise, etc.).

If you want to study upper-level academic vocabulary, try looking specifically for vocabulary lists targeting popular college-admission tests, such as the TOEFL, GRE, SAT, and ACT. At PrepScholar, we’ve gathered all high-frequency words for these exams and even created free downloadable flashcards for the TOEFL and GRE.

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#3: Use a Textbook

If you like having structure in your vocabulary studies, consider buying an English-language textbook or workbook. These books should give you plenty of new vocabulary words to study as well as lots of relevant exercises to help you memorize and retain them. Oftentimes, textbooks come with a built-in dictionary, too!

Make sure you’re choosing a book that’s highly reviewed and geared toward your English level. You can also try looking at books that specifically target the TOEFL. Unfortunately, English-language textbooks cater mostly to beginner and intermediate learners, so if you’re an advanced English speaker, you’ll likely benefit more from the two options above.

There are many different ways to learn English vocabulary, from rote memorization and repetition to flashcards and quizzes. But in the end, it’s up to you to figure out which methods will work best for your learning style.

Here are some final pieces of advice to remember when studying English vocabulary:

  • Don’t try to memorize every single word. English is believed to have the most words of any language, and I guarantee you won’t be able to learn all of them (even native English speakers don’t know every word!). Therefore, focus on memorizing the words you encounter most often. For everything else, use a dictionary!
  • Ask for help if you get stuck. If you can’t remember the meaning of a particular word and don’t have a dictionary on hand, don’t be afraid to ask someone to define it for you. There’s nothing wrong with asking for help, and it’s certainly nothing to feel embarrassed about!
  • Make studying English a habit. For a lot of people, it can be hard to find time to study English. But you’ll need a routine if you want to learn English words and actually remember them, so try to set aside at least 30 minutes every day to go through your study materials.

Good luck with your English studies!

What’s Next?

Need English-vocabulary words to study? Take a look at our list of 300+ high-frequency TOEFL words today! We also have created a free TOEFL vocabulary flashcards PDF here.

Want more tips on how to learn English? Start with our guide to learning English and figuring out your language goals. Then, move on to our article on the best English-language games you can play, with others or by yourself!

Planning to take the TOEFL? Then you’ll definitely want to read our expert tips on how to prepare for this tricky English test.

Taking the TOEFL and need to boost your score? We have the world’s leading TOEFL course.

Built by world-class instructors from Harvard and MIT, our TOEFL course offers individual review, interactive lessons, and realistic online practice, at an affordable price! It’s the fastest way to get your target TOEFL score. And the best part? You can try it out for 5 days absolutely free of charge!

Try It Today!

Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article!

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About the Author

Hannah received her MA in Japanese Studies from the University of Michigan and holds a bachelor’s degree from the University of Southern California. From 2013 to 2015, she taught English in Japan via the JET Program. She is passionate about education, writing, and travel.

The Matrix is one of my all time favorite movies, a particular scene in the film always raises a fun party question — if you could instantly learn one thing like Neo does in The Matrix what would it be?

Now, we may be a while off from instantly downloading kung fu mastery into our minds  but, it often gets me thinking — how do I build better learning strategies for more effective learning.

Everyone’s study time is limited. So it is important to maximize it. The answer to maximizing your time isn’t speeding up your learning. Rather, it is to make more effective use of your time.

The key to effective learning becomes about effective learning strategies. Strategies that help you recall information when and where you need it. Unfortunately, becoming an effective learner is not something we can download into our minds instantly… yet. But, in this post I plan to outline a few learning strategies that you can put into daily practice to help you become a more effective learner.

Before we explore those learning strategies it is important to understand how you learn. So you can better maximize the strategies.

How we learn

Learning «is defined as» the acquisition of knowledge or skills through study, experience, or being taught.” Learning for the purpose of this post is recalling information.

Many want their learning to progress quickly. It is why you see new books popup every year on how to learn anything in x amount of hours. I liken this to get rich quick schemes, people want to get results without doing the work. We love shortcuts. It is why products like the vibro shape belt exist.

But, compare learning to exercise. Lifting weights for five minutes a day won’t make your muscles significantly bigger. You have to put the reps in. Just as you do with learning you have to put the work in to get the results. There are no shortcuts.

To put the work in effectively you first need to understand how the mind works while learning.

Focus and Diffused Mode

There are two modes of thinking, the focused mode and the diffused mode. The focus mode is how it sounds, it’s when you are focusing on what you are learning. The diffused mode is when you allow your mind to drift or relax from what you are trying to learn. These modes are highly important for learning.

It is normal to be stumped by new concepts and problems when we first try to focus on them. To figure out these new concepts and to solve these problems it is important to not only focus initially, but to then also turn your focus away from what you want to learn. As learning is a mix of focus and effort, followed by periods of relaxation. The relaxation periods helps us to store information in our long-term memories.

So when you start learning you first focus on the new idea you’re trying to learn. You focus on understanding how it works and what each part of the idea does using the focused mode. Next you go off and have a nap and enter your diffused mode, when you wake up you can see at a much broader perspective how the idea fits in with the rest of what you have learned on the subject.

Understanding how the two modes work together to help you learn is vital when implementing the learning strategies I will outline. But, to effectively learn you also must understand how we store the knowledge you have been working hard to acquire.

Working memory to long term memory

The research suggests you have two memory systems, the working memory and .

When you start out learning something you store it in your working memory and then as you practice and revise it you move it into your long-term memory. This act of moving something from your working memory into your long term memory is essentially how I think of learning. You have learned something when you can recall it and use it in situations when you require.

To move something from your working memory to your long-term memory, two things should be happening; the first is the idea should be made memorable and the second is it must be repeated.

You’ve over your lifetime managed to store lots of knowledge into your long-term memory, things like reading, multiplication, touch typing etc. This was done through practice and recall.

So essentially learning is moving something from your working memory into your long term memory to use when you need it. But, how do learning styles fit in and do they effect how you move knowledge between the memory systems.

Learning Styles

Do you think you’re a visual learner, maybe you’re more auditory. Perhaps your learning style is kinesthetic. I’m going to let you in on a little secret…you’re none of these.

As nice as it would be to have a particular learning style, the truth is, these have little impact on our ability to learn.

Like any good myth they tend to persist. It’s why people believe things that aren’t true like vaccines cause autism or that the Stanford Prison Experiment shows how situations can turn any one bad. But, by understanding that learning styles are pseudoscience you will be a few steps ahead of everyone else in building better learning strategies.

Now we understand that learning styles are about as scientifically robust as anti-vaccine studies. Let’s get into the top learning strategies that will actually make you a more effective learner.

Top Learning Strategies

If you take one thing from this post, it is that the trick to effective learning is to build effective learning strategies. The below will help you overcome procrastination and greatly improve your ability to learn. Just start with one or two strategies and test them out to find what is most effective for you.

Below are the best learning strategies to help you store and recall information.

1. Use Active Recall

Guess what, re-reading, highlighting and summarizing aren’t usually effective methods for learning.

What is effective, is a learning strategy called active recall. It is an efficient way of moving information between memory systems. The strategy involves retrieving information from memory by testing yourself at every stage of the revision process.

To test yourself it requires you to try and recall what you’re learning without looking it up in your notes first. You just try to actively recall what you know about the concept. So in order to remember something you shouldn’t just be reading it, re-reading it and highlighting it, you need to actively try to recall it. A common way to do it is to look up from what you have been reading and try to recall what you have just read (try it on this paragraph). So if it was this easy why don’t we use active recall.

The reason you tend to avoid active recall and opt for things like rereading and making mind maps, is that it is more difficult and mentally taxing. Let’s go back to the exercise analogy, if all you lift is light weights you won’t progress much. On the other hand if you’re lifting weights that constantly test your strength you will more likely build muscle faster. The harder you work to retrieve information the more effective you will be at recalling the information when you need it.

Here are some of my favorite strategies and techniques that use active recall:

  • After you read a page, look away and recall the main ideas.
  • Try recalling the main ideas as you commute to class.
  • Try to write your notes with a closed book, instead of copying notes directly out of the textbook. It is better to explain the key points and concepts in your own words.
  • Instead of writing notes, write questions for yourself on the topic and then test yourself.

Using this learning strategy by simply by testing yourself once and trying to recall without the help of your notes, you could drastically improve the effectiveness of your learning.

2. Space your repetition

You ever notice how overtime you tend to forget things. I for the life of me can’t remember much of my eighth grade Japanese. Well, part of the problem is we tend to forget what we don’t use. This brings us to our next learning strategy spaced repetition.

Spaced repetition is the learning strategy that uses time intervals between study sessions, so you can remember more, by spending fewer actual hours studying. Spaced repetition leverages a memory phenomenon called the spacing effect. What happens with this effect is our brains learn more effectively when we space out our learning.

How it works is you spread out your learning in any subject over a few days, just like an athlete. Your brain is like a muscle, it can handle only a limited amount of exercise on one subject at a time before it needs a rest.

Learning well means allowing time to pass between focused learning sessions, allowing the neural patterns to solidify properly. It’s like building a brick wall, you need time for the mortar to dry otherwise you’re going to end up with a crummy wall like below. So spacing out your repetitions will give your brains mortar time to dry so you can put the next layer on top of a solid foundation.

On the left a solid brick wall with good foundations, on the left a dilapidated brick wall with poor mortar structure.

Now there are a few ways of actually implementing a spaced repetition system into your studying. One of the simplest ways is to use the box system. Here’s how it works.

First, you decide on a number of “boxes” you want to use for your system. Each of your boxes represents a different study time interval. In a system with four boxes, a good set of intervals would be:

Notion layout of my spaced repition plan. I have a four box system with 1 day, 3 days, 5 days and until test.

Here every card starts out in Box 1. When you get the card correct, it gets promoted into the next box. If you get a card wrong it gets demoted to box 1 — no matter where it was. By doing this you’re ensuring that you study the material enough that itchallenges you.

Once you graduate something from box 3 to box 4. You should only really need to study it about a week before the test. I sometimes like to schedule revision for this once a month just to stay sharp.

A great way to ensure you are sticking to the box technique is to set up recurring calendar events, so that you get a reminder to study each box at the right time.

To implement spaced repetition there are two ways I like to do it:

  1. Analog — use flashcards, and rubber bands to separate the cards into boxes.
  2. Digital — Anki is a great system and it’s free for desktop. You can also use Notion like I have in the image above and set up toggles.

Whatever way you decide to implement this learning strategy remember the key is to briefly repeat what you want to remember over several days. Gradually extend the times between repetitions as the material begins to firm in your mind.

3. Teach what you learn

There is a saying ‘those who can, do and those who can’t, teach’. But, this couldn’t be further from the truth. Research shows us that those who can explain and teach concepts have the greatest grasp of the concept.

In this study, there were two groups of students that studied the same material, however each had different expectations. One group was told they would be tested on it, the other was told they would be expected to teach it. But in a surprise twist, both groups were tested on the material. And guess what, the group that expected to teach did better than the group who actually studied for a test.

So what makes learning with the intention to teach such an effective learning strategy? Well, when you expect to teach it you are forced to break the material down into simple chunks, it also forces you to examine the material more thoroughly, constantly asking yourself does this make sense.

Whenever you find yourself struggling with a concept, stop and ask yourself — how can I explain this so a five-year-old could understand it? By being able to simplify a concept down to a level so that even a five-year-old would get it, it forces you to consider if you really understand the concept.

A great way to practice this learning strategy is to write and teach as you’re learning. Let’s say you’re learning a new programming language. You could write blog posts on the sections you’re learning. As you write try to anticipate what questions a beginner would have that only knows simple language. The results of doing so might surprise you.

So remember those who teach, tend to have the deepest understanding of a topic. Using this learning strategy you’ll be surprised to see how your understanding improves as a consequence of trying to explain it to someone other than yourself.

4. Eat your frogs first

Mark Twain the American novelist once said “If it’s your job to eat a frog, it’s best to do it first thing in the morning. And if it’s your job to eat two frogs, it’s best to eat the biggest one first.” What do frogs have to do with learning strategies?

Well, for you and I, the frog is that one thing on your to-do list that you just can’t seem to find the motivation to do. It’s the one you’ve been procrastinating» on for days. Eating the frog therefore is to just do that task. Once you’ve eaten that frog, the rest of the day will seem easy in comparison. It will also give you momentum to propel you on to the next task on your list.

To know which frog you should be eating first, the night before think about the one thing you most dread doing the next day. Write that task down on a post-it note and place it somewhere you’ll see it as soon as you start working.

Putting this into the context of learning often you dread starting a new topic or doing revision on subjects you find hard. If you leave them to do until the end of the day, you’re likely to avoid them and tell yourself you’ll do them when you’re fresh. But by doing it first, you’re already fresh. And that is the key to this learning strategy, tackling the hardest problems first while your mind is fresh.

5. Set up a distraction free environment

One of the best learning strategies is to give yourself a distraction free environment. Yet, this seems almost impossible in the age of constant notifications.

The key to this learning strategy is to find a place where you can avoid all of these distractions from the outset. But, the space has to work for you. Not everyone will find the library the most productive place. For some it might be the local coffee shop with some mild background noise and for others it could be in the park.

No matter what your ideal study environment, it is important to turn off all those interruptions on your phone and computer, and then focus on what you want to achieve.

It might sound impossible to be distraction free in today’s notification frenzied world. But, trust me it is possible. Your phone lets you turn on do not disturb mode, same with most computers. You can use website blocking software that stops you from browsing Reddit or scrolling through Facebook. There are plenty of tools that will stop the buzzes, bells and rings from interrupting your learning time. You just need to start by disabling the distractions using the same technology designed to distract you.

After a few sessions in the distraction free environment you will start naturally associating that place as a place to learn and work. So try to set up times and places where studying—not glancing at your computer or phone—is just something you naturally do. You’ll soon reap the benefits of this learning strategy.

6. Learn by doing

Our Homosapien ancestors were natural learners, as early on in our history we had to learn by doing. They didn’t have the opportunity to use flash cards and notebooks to help them learn. They learnt best when performing the task they were trying to learn. Want to learn how to make a fire, you got to get that flint and practice.

Man making a fire

Just like your ancestors, most of your learning takes place once you actually start using and applying it. I learnt more in the first three months in marketing than I did in 2 years of my Masters Degree. The key is to find a way to practice and apply what you’re learning, kind of like how I’m learning about writing by writing about things I’m interested in on this blog.

So let’s say you’re learning Facebook ads. Don’t invest all of your effort into learning the theory and terms, get your hands dirty ASAP. This will help you master the skill through trial and error (hopefully not too much error and expense). Start a business page. Make a few ads. Test and learn what works and what doesn’t.

This learning strategy is simple enough, the more you do, the more you learn. So find your flint and start making fires.

7. Focus on the difficult stuff

To learn best you need to stretch just outside your comfort zone. You need to operate just on the edge to push growth.

You can do this through practice. However, while practice is great, if you’re just going through the motions and practicing things you’re good at, then you’re practicing the wrong way. In order to effectively learn, the key is to get outside of your comfort zone. A great way to do this is through deliberate practice.

The technique of deliberate practice, has been the buzz word of the learning community for the last few years thanks to Malcolm Gladwell’s mention of it in his book Outliers. However, the technique has been around since the 70’s when Anders Ericsson discovered it during his experiment.

Ericsson studied experts in their fields and found they improved from three key strategies. The first was spending time improving their skills in areas they were weak. The second was they sought feedback to find out where they were lacking. Finally they would concentrate intensely when  practicing. If you’re not focused and your mind is all over the place, then you’re most likely not really getting much out of your practice time.

For example he found musicians would spend time working on areas they fumbled in songs not just playing songs they were good at. They would also seek feedback from teachers on where else they were going wrong that they might not be picking up on themselves. Then they would then focus on improving these parts as they practiced.

So next time you sit down to learn, make sure you’re pushing yourself outside of your comfort zone. Challenge yourself. Concentrate on the difficult parts, get feedback and overtime you’ll start to see improvement using this learning strategy.

8. Take Breaks

This learning strategy requires you to strike the balance between the focused and diffused modes of thinking.

While in the focused mode, you’re able to learn the essentials of the concept. In the diffused mode, you get the helicopter view of how the concept fits in with everything else. It is like that piece of the puzzle you just can’t find and suddenly you find it and it clicks into place.

Sometimes this happens as you walk to the bus, just as you’re about to go to sleep or when you’re in the shower. All these moments have a commonality, they tend to be when you’re not focusing on anything in particular. But, then suddenly you connect the dots that were eluding you in your focused mode and you get the solution to the problem.

So even though it might seem counter intuitive, it’s important to let your brain take a break, particularly after an intense session of study. It lets you get those ‘aha’ moments. This is why a little study every day is a much better learning strategy than cramming. Next time you notice yourself getting frustrated with a problem, take a break so that your diffused mode can take over and work its magic.

9. Sleep

Picture this, you have a test tomorrow. You stay up until 3am cramming for the test. You chug coffee and hustle the night away so you’ll do well on the test.

A week later the test results are out. You got a lot less than your friends did and they didn’t spend the whole night before the test studying. What the hell went wrong?

You staying up all night is what went wrong. You tried to cram as much information into your brain as possible without really understanding it. All your brain was seeing in the end was a swirl of random words and numbers that it couldn’t comprehend.

Sleep is a vital part of memory and learning. When you don’t get enough sleep your brain’s ability to recall is affected. Your brain needs rest just like the rest of your body. Most people need a minimum of 7-8 hours of sleep.

What makes sleep so special is that it cleans your mind by erasing trivial aspects and memories, like what you had for breakfast. At the same time it strengthens the areas of importance.

If you’re tired, it is often the best decision to actually just go to sleep and wake up a little earlier the next day, so that your learning can be done with a fresh and rested brain. This might sound like a lame learning strategy, but it works. It’s science y’all.

10. Interleaving

Interleaving is practicing by doing a mixture of different kinds of problems that require different strategies to solve them.

When you don’t practice interleaving, you can run into what is known as overlearning. Which is the continual study or practice of a problem until it is well understood.  Overlearning has its place, it helps to produce automaticity which is useful if you’re doing repetitive tasks like shooting a basketball or playing first chair violin.

But research shows that overlearning can be a waste of your valuable learning time. It can actually lead to a phenomenon known as the ‘illusion of competence’.

The trick to this learning strategy is to alternate different problem-solving techniques during your practice. Don’t spend too long in any session practicing using only one problem-solving technique. Because, after a while, you are just mimicking what you did on the previous problem. You’re just like a parrot. Instead, shake it up and work on different types of problems. Shaking it up teaches you both how and when to use a technique.

Here are some great interleaving strategies:

  • Flip through a book to a random problem and try to solve it.
  • Jumble up your flash cards so they are not in order.
  • Mix up your new material with old material.
  • Take old practice test where the questions don’t follow the order of the textbook.

The benefit of the interleaving learning strategy is it helps you avoid the illusion of competence. As Dr. Oakley puts it in her book — “Focusing on one technique is a little like learning carpentry by only practicing with a hammer. After a while, you think you can fix anything by just bashing it.”

Summary

The combination of understanding how you learn with any of these learning strategies will make you a more effective learner. So much so you won’t ever need to download knowledge straight to your brain like Neo in The Matrix.

If you enjoyed this post you might also like my posts on…

Learning a new skill is never easy, and internalizing it to heart is even harder. However, it is by no means impossible. In fact, there are many well-known learning techniques students around the world use to internalize new information.

From mnemonics to memory games, these methods not only make learning and internalizing much easier, it also makes it more fun!

In case you’re curious about the methods we’re talking about, here are the 5 best methods of learning that will help you throughout your education journey!

1. Singing it out

As crazy as this sounds; jingles are addictive. We’ve all had that one earworm stuck in our heads. The songs that we can’t stop singing or humming for the life of us. In fact, you’ve probably had your fair share of moments where you end up humming that one song you hate involuntarily. Followed by a humorously deep sense of self-hatred.

Well, if earworms can make something you hate stick in your mind, imagine what it can do for learning purposes!

Make a melody or a song out of the topic you’re trying to learn, and jam along. The next time you need that piece of info, you’ll sing the jingle out like a 1980’s infomercial. Whether it is 2 weeks from now or 2 decades later.

2. Teach others about it

Have you ever wondered why some people seem to never study, but ALWAYS know the material? They don’t seem to be paying attention in class, but if you ask them a question regarding the course, they’ll answer as well as the teacher would.

Well, surprisingly enough, one of the secrets of the trade is asking and answering questions. Most of these people aren’t incredibly gifted or have genius level-IQ, they mostly learn by tutoring or answering questions by peers.

In fact, it is psychologically and scientifically proven that by teaching others, you yourself will internalize material much more quickly. This is called the Feynman Learning Technique. In essence, the better you understand something, the better you can explain it as simply to understand as possible.

So the next time you’re having problems learning a new skill, it might be a wise choice to try and teach someone else. It not only helps them improve, but also yourself. And if you don’t understand the material, go back and try to process it again, until you are able to explain it to someone in an understandable manner. To put it simply, the Feynman technique consists of 3-4 easy steps, which are…

  • Choose a concept you want to learn about.
  • Pretend you are teaching it to a student in grade 6.
  • Identify gaps in your explanation; Go back to the source material, to better understand it.
  • Review and simplify (optional)

So grab a friend and start ranting at them about the new thing you’ve recently learned. If you’re doing social distancing to the maximum, talking to a rubber ducky or a stuffed teddy bear will also work. Not as well as with an actual person, but effective nevertheless.

Related: How to go from “busy” to “productive”

3. Chew gum

Did you know it is scientifically proven that chewing gum increases your focus and improves your memory? Subjects in multiple studies have shown that chewing gum while learning something new increases their productivity level.

In some cases, people prefer to chew different flavored gums for different concepts they’re learning. Eg, chewing strawberry gum when you’re specifically learning and working on web development-related projects. Meanwhile, if you’re learning to design or edit videos and pictures, chew mint-flavored gum instead of strawberry. It really does help!

The next time you’re trying to focus on a new concept, chew your favorite gum! You’ll be surprised at how focused it makes you.

4. Use mnemonics

Mnemonic is a technique used to retain long streams of information more efficiently. Most mnemonics come in the form of wordplay, as shown in my personal example.

General mnemonics known to the public is the guitar strings EADGBE, Eddy Ate Dynamite, Good Bye Eddy. HOMES is used by schoolchildren to remember the Great Lakes; Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, and Superior.

By taking the first letters of a really long memorizing sequence and creating a funny memorable sentence with it, you’ll be able to memorize information much more effectively!

Next time you’re studying for an exam try these 5 methods of learning to help you focus and retain information like a pro!

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