Word formation practice great britain lies to the

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LESSON 1

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

Geographical position and climate

1. Brainstorming: Talk to your partner first, then have a class discussion.

How many countries does the UK include?

Can you name the main parts of the UK?

What are their capitals?

What do you know about climate of this country?

2. Read, translate and learn new words.

contiguous – близкийto distinguish – различать

to be surrounded – бытьокруженнымtocomprise – составлять

latitude –широтаaxis – ось

topredominate – преобладать unsettled – неустойчивый

mild –мягкий wet – влажный

windy –ветреный range – диапазон

dry –сухой slight – небольшой

3. Read and translate the text.

B ritain is the term used for the island containing the contiguous nations of England, Scotland and Wales. Great Britain is used to distinguish Britain from Brittania Minor, or Brittany, in France. The term «Great Britain» was officially used only after King James I acceded to the throne of England and Wales in 1603.

England, Scotland and Wales together with the province of Northern Ireland, form the country officially known as «The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland» or simply the United Kingdom.

The United Kingdom (including the Channel Islands, but without the Isle of Man) is a member of the European Union.

Great Britain or Britain is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, and the largest European island, as well as the largest of the British Isles. With a population of about 60.0 million people in mid-2009, it is the third most populous island in the world, after Java and Honshū. Great Britain is surrounded by over 1,000 smaller islands and islets. The island of Ireland lies to its west. Politically, Great Britain may also refer to the island itself together with a number of surrounding islands which comprise the territory of England, Scotland and Wales.

All of the island is territory of the sovereign state of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and most of the United Kingdom’s territory is in Great Britain. Most of England, Scotland, and Wales are on the island of Great Britain, as are their respective capital cities: London, Edinburgh, and Cardiff.

Great Britain lies to the northwest of Continental Europe and east of Ireland. It is separated from the continent by the North Sea and by the English Channel, which narrows to 34 kilometres at the Straits of Dover. It stretches over about ten degrees of latitude on its longer, north-south axis, and occupies an area of 209,331 km², excluding all the smaller surrounding islands of the archipelago. The North Channel, Irish Sea, St George’s Channel and Celtic Sea separate the island from the island of Ireland to its west. The island is physically connected with continental Europe with the Channel Tunnel, the longest undersea rail tunnel in the world which was completed in 1993. Geographically, the island is marked by low, rolling countryside in the east and south, while hills and mountains predominate in the western and northern regions. It is surrounded by over 1,000 smaller islands and islets. The greatest distance between two points is 968 km or 1,349 km using the national road network.

In the UK the large temperature variation creates instability and this is a major factor that influences the often unsettled weather the country experiences, where many types of weather can be experienced in a single day. Regional climates in the United Kingdom are influenced by the Atlantic Ocean and latitude. Northern Ireland, Wales and western parts of England and Scotland, being closest to the Atlantic, are generally the mildest, wettest and windiest regions of the UK, and temperature ranges here are seldom extreme. Eastern areas are drier, cooler, and less windy. Northern areas are generally cooler, wetter and have a slight bigger temperature range than southern areas.

4. Complete the sentences.

1) Britain is the term used for the island containing the nations of … .

2) England, Scotland and Wales together with the province of Northern Ireland, form the country officially known as … .

3) Britain is an island situated to the … of Continental Europe.

4) … is the third most populous island in the world, after Java and Honshū.

5) Great Britain is surrounded by over … smaller islands and islets.

6) Most of the United Kingdom’s territory is … .

7) Great Britain is separated from the continent by … .

The island is physically connected with continental Europe with … .

9) Regional climates in the United Kingdom are influenced by … .

10) … areas are drier, cooler, and less windy.

5. Write down the right answers to the test.

1) The UK includes … parts.

a) 2b) 3c) 4d) 5

2) Great Britain is an island situated to the … of Continental Europe.

a) northeastb) northwestc) northd) south

3) Great Britain is the … largest island in the world.

a) 11^th b) 6^th c) 9^th d) 10^th

4) The island of Ireland lies to Britain’s … .

a) northb) westc) southd) east

5) The capital of the UK is … .

a) Belfastb) Edinburghc) Cardiffd) London

6. Express agreement or disagreement with the statements.

1) Great Britain lies to the southwest of Continental Europe.

2) The North Channel, Irish Sea, St George’s Channel and Celtic Sea separate the island from the island of Ireland to its south.

3) The climate of the UK is sharply continental.

4) England, Scotland and Wales together with the province of Northern Ireland, form the country officially known as «The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland» or simply the United Kingdom.

5) Regional climates in the United Kingdom are influenced by the Atlantic Ocean and latitude.

Talk to your partner and answer the questions of exercise 1.

8. Project work: collect some more information about The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Prepare a presentation.

Great Britain is an
island
situated to the northwest of Continental
Europe. It is the
ninth
largest island in the world,
and the largest European
island. With a population of about 59.6 million people in
mid-2008, it is the
third
most populated
island on Earth.
Great Britain is surrounded
by over 1,000 smaller
islands
and islets.
The island of Ireland
lies to its west. Politically, Great Britain may also refer to the
island itself together with a number of surrounding islands which
comprise
the territory
of England,
Scotland
and Wales.

All of the island is territory
of the sovereign state of
the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,
and most of the United Kingdom’s territory is in Great Britain. The
term «Great Britain» (and the abbreviation ‘GB’) is the
traditional ‘short form’ of the full country title ‘the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland’,
although usage of ‘the UK’ has increased more recently. Most of
England, Scotland, and Wales are on the island of Great Britain, as
are their respective
capital cities: London,
Edinburgh,
and Cardiff.

The Kingdom
of Great Britain
resulted
from the political union of the kingdoms of England
and Scotland
with the Acts
of Union 1707 on 1
May 1707 under Queen
Anne.

In 1801, under a new Act
of Union, this
kingdom merged with the Kingdom
of Ireland to
create the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
After the Irish
War of Independence,
most of Ireland seceded from the Union. Currently the kingdom is
named the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

Political definition

Main articles: Kingdom
of Great Britain
and United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Great Britain is the largest island of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Politically, Great Britain also refers
to England, Scotland and Wales in combination, and therefore also
includes a number of outlying islands such as the Isle
of Wight,
Anglesey,
the Isles
of Scilly, the
Hebrides,
and the island groups of Orkney
and Shetland.
It does not include
the Isle
of Man and the
Channel
Islands which are
not part of the United Kingdom, instead being self-governing
dependent territories of that state with their own legislative
and taxation systems.

The union of the kingdoms of England
and Scotland
began with the 1603 Union
of Crowns, a
personal union under James
VI of Scotland, I
of England. The
political union that joined the two countries happened in 1707, with
the Acts
of Union merging
the parliaments of each nation, and forming the Kingdom
of Great Britain,
which covered the entire island.

Geographical definition

Further information: Geography
of England, Geography
of Scotland, and Geography
of Wales

Great Britain lies to the northwest of Continental
Europe and east of
Ireland. It is separated from the continent by the North
Sea and by the
English
Channel, which
narrows to
34 kilometres
(21 miles)
at the Straits
of Dover. The
island is physically connected with
continental Europe via
the Channel
Tunnel, the
longest undersea rail tunnel in the world which was completed in
1993.
It stretches over about ten degrees of latitude
on its longer, north-south axis,
and occupies an area of 209,331 km² (80,823 square
miles).Geographically, the island is marked by low, rolling
countryside in the east and south, while hills and mountains
predominate
in the western and northern regions. It is surrounded by over 1,000
smaller islands
and islets.

It is the third
most populous island
after Java
and Honshū.

The English
Channel is thought
to have been created between 450,000 and 180,000 years ago by
two catastrophic glacial
lake outburst
floods caused by
the breaching
of the Weald-Artois
Anticline, a ridge
which held
back a large proglacial
lake, now submerged
under the North Sea. Around 10,000 years ago, during the
Devensian
glaciation
with its lower sea
level, Great
Britain was not an island, but an upland region of northwestern
Europe, lying partially underneath
the Eurasian ice sheet. The sea level was about 120 metres
(390 ft) lower than today, and the bed of the North Sea was dry
and acted as a land bridge to Europe, now known as Doggerland.
It is generally thought that as sea levels gradually rose after the
end of the last glacial period of the current ice age, Doggerland
became submerged beneath the North Sea, cutting off what was
previously the British peninsula
from the European mainland
by around 6500BC. An alternative hypothesis is that much of the land
was inundated
about the same time by a tsunami,
caused by a submarine landslide
off the coast of Norway known as the Storegga
Slide.

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For questions 56 – 65, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).

Example:  0: independence

BRITAIN & GREECE FESTIVAL

If Athens is all Greek to you, try visiting in November.

It’s festival time!

Lord Byron, champion of Greek (O) independence, could hardly DEPEND

have imagined it. Today, years after his (56) ….. , 2 mil- DIE

lion of his compatriots, although less (57) ….. , make HERO

the annual (58) ….. to Greece for the ‘Britain and Greece PILGRIM

Festival’.

The (59) ….. Ambassador speaks of the festival as a BRITAIN

(60) ….. of the strong links between the two countries, CELEBRATE

but also as ‘an (61) ….. to those who wish to create INSPIRE

new links,’ a (62) ….. that 2004 and the Athens Olym- REMIND

pies are not too far away. Everything about the festival highlights

the theme of (63) …..  . The commercial exhibition ‘Part- PARTNER

ners in Trade’ will focus on (64)…… goods and ser- INDUSTRY

vices, design, travel and software (65) ….. including DEVELOP 

opportunities for ‘Olympics 2004’.

Check your answers here

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