Grammar
Task 1
Tim woke up later than usual. It was Sunday and he __________________(HAVE) lots of plans
for the day. He was in the bathroom cleaning his ____________________(TOOTH) when he
heard some unfamiliar voices from the veranda. “Who could they be?” Tim
_____________________(THINK). When he came into the room, his mum and two other
women _____________________(CHAT) happily and didn’t notice him. Tim coughed to
attract _____________________(THEY) attention. “Oh, Tim, you’re up already!” his mother
sounded excited. “Meet my school friends, Linda and Emma.” Linda shook his hand, Emma
smiled and said: “We _________________(BE) happy to meet you, Tim.” Your mum showed
us your photo, but you are much _____________________(YOUNG) there. Join us for tea. I
wish we ______________________(CAN) talk about our school days for ages, but we have
some other business to discuss with your mother. It’s going to be interesting for you, too.” Tim
sat at the table. Emma had some papers in her hands but Tim couldn’t read what
___________________(PRINT) there – the letters were too small.
Word formation
Task 1
Thousands of tourists visit Edinburgh every year. The capital of Scotland is
_________________(FAME)
_________________(CULTURE)
the
for its history and architecture. It’s one of the
main
country.
centres
of
The
_________________(ATTRACT) of the city is Edinburgh Castle. It was built in the 12thcentury
but it still looks magnificent and very _____________________(IMPRESS). There are many
historic monuments in Edinburgh. One of them is an unusual monument to Walter Scott, a well
known ____________________(WRITE). The city streets are usually full of noisy tourists with
cameras but if you want a quiet holiday, you can have it too the beautiful and
________________(PEACE) countryside is just round the corner. 2
Grammar
It was about 6pm when I heard a knock on the door. It ________________(BE) Jason, my
teenage neighbour.
Jason?”“I
_________________(LOSE) my key and I can’t get into my house.” “Come in. Today’s not a
He looked cold and upset.
“What’s wrong,
day for long walks, or long waits,” I looked out the window. It _______________(SNOW) hard
and it was windy. The weather was getting __________________(BAD) every hour. Jason
_________________(TAKE) off his coat and boots. His ______________(FOOT) were wet and
I gave him a pair of socks to change into. A cup of hot tea and some biscuits soon made the boy
feel warm “Where are your parents, Jason?” “I ____________________(NOT/KNOW). I can’t
call them because of this,” he pulled his phone out of his pocket and showed it to me – the screen
__________________(BREAK) and the phone was obviously dead. Jason focused on the food
again. He took his ______________(FOUR) biscuit and said: “I wish my mum could make
biscuits like this.”
Word formation
There are pills for everything. If you can’t sleep you take a pill. If you’re depressed or just
________________(HAPPY), you also can take a pill. These days scientists are developing a
new pill that you can use for improving your ______________(FIT). It will have the same effect
on people’s bodies as doing sports. The ________________(SCIENCE) experiments on mice
have given wonderful results. The animals got stronger and healthier without any exercise.
However, some doctors think that such pills can be ___________________(DANGER) for
health, especially in certain situations. The problem is that there will be people who may use the
pill unwisely. For example, young girls who want to lose weight and get slim may take several
pills at once. It will be very _________________(HARM) for their health. That’s why our
government should think a lot before making the ______________(DECIDE) that allows the
medicine to be produced. 3
Grammar
We arrived at the lake very early. It was cold but in spite of that there were several
____________________(MAN) there. Dad pulled our fishing rods out of the rucksack and we
joined the others.
“Hey, look what I_________________(CATCH)!” a man sitting several metres upstream
proudly showed us his bag. There was a large fish in it. “Good job,” Dad
_______________(SAY) and everyone became quiet again. “How long do we have to wait?
When will they bite?” I whispered. “I __________________(NOT/KNOW),” Dad whispered
back and a moment later he was holding a little, silver fish. “See?” he turned to me. “But this one
is too small. We’d better let it go and wait for the next one.” And he let ________________(HE)
fish go. The second fish was _________________(BIG) than the first one and soon Dad caught a
few more. “If it goes on like this, mum ________________(COOK) us a great dinner,” he said.
We kept fishing till noon but I didn’t catch anything ______________(I) and got really bored
with it. To me, it ___________________(BE) a stupid waste of time but I certainly wasn’t going
to tell Dad that. He wouldn’t have liked it.
Word formation
People spend hours talking on their mobile phones. There is an opinion that it may be
___________________(HARM) to their health, but it is difficult to know for sure. Some
research shows that mobile phones may cause brain problems. On the other hand, some doctors
say mobiles are not _____________(DANGER) at all. No matter what doctors say, it’s just
_____________________(POSSIBLE) to live without a mobile phone today. It has become a
very _____________________(USE) device and people can’t do without it. It makes our life
_________________(COMFORT) and saves time. People can get in touch with each other
quickly. Mobile phones make ____________________(COMMUNICATE) easier. 4
Grammar
When I came into the room, my computer was on. It worried me since I
________________(NOT/REMEMBER) switching it on. I looked around –
there
________(BE) nobody in my room and everything was in its usual place. Suddenly I
__________________(UNDERSTAND) – the book had gone! I had left it on the table but it
wasn’t there any more. I checked the window – it _______________(CLOSE). That meant that
someone had come into the room through the door. My ______________(ONE) impulse was to
call the police but I called Jim instead. “What ________________(HAPPEN)?” Jim sounded
sleepy. I explained that someone _________________(TAKE) the book. “Oh, no!” Jim sounded
unhappy. “Have you any idea how valuable it is?” “There’s another thing I
__________________(NOT/CAN) understand,” I interrupted Jim. “My computer’s on but I
always switch it off before leaving home.” “Ok, stay at home. I’ll be at ___________(YOU)
place in half an hour,” he said and the phone went dead.
Word formation
Learning languages is becoming a popular hobby with children and adults. It’s not only
interesting but very _______________(USE), too. Foreign languages improve memory and
develop ____________________(IMAGINE). People who are able to speak two or more
languages __________________(FLUENT) are usually more successful than their monolingual
colleagues. They are better in making business and _________________(PERSON) contacts.
They are more _________________(CREATE) and they are better in solving conflicts as they
are able to accept new ideas and different points of view. Foreign languages make life more
_______________(INTEREST) and colourful. 5
Grammar
Michael could not imagine his life without computers. His parents ________________(BUY)
him his first computer at the age of seven. It took ___________(HE) several days to learn how to
use it. His mum said that the younger people were, the _______________(FAST) they could
learn computer skills. That was probably true – most ________________(CHILD) in Michael’s
class were very competent computer users. Michael was really surprised to find out that the first
personal computer ___________________(INVENT) in the 70’s of the last century. “And how
did you chat or send your emails without computers?” he asked his mother. She smiled: “We
_________________(NOT/SEND) each other emails. And there were no networks.” She also
said that it ______________(BE) fun to communicate facetoface, to play outofdoors and to
visit friends’ homes. “But if there ____________(BE) no computers, I wouldn’t be able to
communicate with my friends who live far away from me,” Michael replied. “True.
Technological progress is a great thing,” his mother said “And I think people
___________________(CREATE) even more amazing communication devices in the near
future.”
Word formation
are
British cuisine
__________________(TRADITION) British dishes. Many of them are cooked and eaten on
and breads
Puddings,
simple.
pies
is
stews,
holidays. The choice of dishes has been influenced by the climate, history and
is
__________________(GEOGRAPHY)
position of
the country.
England
__________________(FAME) for its butter and cheese. The most popular of them is, of course,
cheddar. Scotland is known for its ________________(TASTE) meat dishes and cakes. Wales
has a strong fishing culture. As a result, Welsh cookery includes a lot of seafood, such as
shrimps and crabs. However, nowadays most British restaurants offer food from
_____________________(DIFFER) parts of the world. The choice depends only on your
pocketbook and your ____________________(IMAGINE). 6
Grammar
Kitty lived next door to me and we’d been friends since childhood. We learnt at the same school
and __________________(WALK) there together. I was sixteen and she was four years
___________________(YOUNG) than me. But we had a lot in common and enjoyed chatting on
____________(WE) way to school. Every morning Kitty knocked on my door and I had to be
ready by that time – she _________________(NOT/LIKE) waiting for me. One day she didn’t
knock. When I caught up with her at the bus stop, she _________________(READ) a magazine
and didn’t even look at me. I ___________________(NOT/CAN) understand what was going
on. “Hey, Kitty, what’s wrong? Why aren’t you talking to _________(I)?” “You yourself know
why,” Kitty said angrily. “No, I don’t. I wouldn’t ask you if I __________________(KNOW).”
“You went to the cinema with Lisa Parker yesterday,” Kitty was almost crying I felt puzzled and
didn’t know what to say. The two __________________(WOMAN) at the bus stop looked
amused at our conversation and didn’t hide their smiles.
Word formation
How do people learn the news? About a century ago people got _________________(INFORM)
from newspapers since they were the only mass media that existed in those times. Radio and
television seemed _________________(WONDER) inventions as they broadcasted audio and
visual images. The Internet has changed the situation dramatically. Now the audience has an
opportunity to create the news, share their _________________(PERSON) knowledge and
express their opinions. The Internet supposes interaction, which makes it very
__________________(ATTRACT) to people. And what about the newspapers? Will they
___________________(APPEAR) in the near future? I wish they wouldn’t as I like starting my
day with a cup of coffee and a ___________________(TRADITION)____ newspaper. 7
Grammar
The phone woke Kim up. She answered the call almost immediately, after the
_________________(THREE) beep, because she was expected her mother to call. But it wasn’t
her. The voice on the other end of the line sounded familiar but Kim
__________________(NOT/CAN) remember who it belonged to. “Hello,” the lady said. “Can I
speak to Mrs. Len?” “I’m sorry but she’s not at home. She’s out. She
__________________(WALK) in the park.” It was very cold outofdoors and everything
__________________(COVER) in snow but Kim’s mother walked in all weathers. She believed
that it __________________(HELP) her keep fit and gave her extra energy. She actually looked
younger than other _________________(WOMAN) of her age and that was probably because of
her walking. “Can I take a message?” Kim asked politely “No. I ___________________(CALL)
her later. When is she going to be back?” “She normally _________________(COME) home at
five.” “Fine,” came the answer and the phone went dead. Kim felt a bit hurt. “It’s not polite to
break off a conversation like that,” she thought to herself. If I ___________(BE) older, I would
explain to that lady how to talk to people politely.”
Word formation
Ratatouille is an American cartoon. The name of the cartoon comes from a
______________________(TRADITION) French dish made of vegetables. The main character
is a rat Remy, who is interested in cooking and dreams of becoming a
____________________(SUCCESS) chef. Remy is separated from his family at the
____________________(BEGIN) of the movie. So he finds himself in Paris, France. There his
unusual ___________________(FRIEND) with a poor boy begins. They both don’t care that
most people hate rats and try to get rid of them. Remy wants to help the boy. He tries to teach
him how to cook __________________(TASTE)
dishes. The story ends
__________________(HAPPY) and the friends start a new restaurant. 8
Grammar
Anna was glad that the academic year was about to finish. Like most
____________________(CHILD) she was looking forward to the summer but not because she
wanted to relax. Her plans _________(BE) ambitious. Anna wanted to buy a professional digital
camera and it wasn’t easy to save enough money. Anna had already chosen the model she
wanted. Her dad said that he __________________(GIVE) her the camera in a couple of years.
But Anna _____________________(NOT/CAN) wait so long, she needed it right then. “If I
__________________(HAVE) it now, I would be able to take part in the Professional
Photograph Competition. Everyone says I’ve got talent,” she said to herself, looking at the
magazine where an article about the competition ______________________(PUBLISH). While
she was reading the article for the ______________(TWO) time, a brilliant idea came to her –
why not take up a summer job as a photographer? She reached for the phone and dialed the
number of the _______________________(LARGE) photography agency in the town. “Hello,
can I help you?”
_______________________(THINK) that she probably had a chance.
the woman’s voice sounded encouraging and Anna
Word formation
Dublin is the capital city of the Republic of Ireland. It has an ____NATIONAL____ airport with
flights from London and European capitals. Dublin is a _____BEAUTY____ and cosmopolitan
city. If you walk along its different central streets, you will find a wide range of
_____DIFFER____ shops, bars and restaurants. If you like sightseeing, you can also visit the
famous Dublin castle, one of the most _____IMPRESS_____ buildings in the city. Dublin is a
green city. It is such a pleasure to walk there on a hot ______SUN____ day. In the evening you
can listen to ____TRADITION_____ Irish music played in the streets and in the pubs. 9
Grammar
Bella was a good student. She _______ENJOY_____ learning but she always started to feel very
nervous when she had to write tests. That Monday ____NOT/BE____ a lucky day for her and
she realised it as soon as she came into the classroom. “Oh, no! I ______LEAVE______ all my
pens at home.” She turned to Jenny: “Have you got a spare pen?” “Let ______I______ see,”
Jenny opened her bag and pulled out a pen. “I’ve got this one. But it’s green.” “Give it to me
anyway,” Bella said. “If I don’t find a proper pen, I _____WRITE_____ in green ink. I hope it
won’t affect my grades.” When the teacher handed out the tests, Bella felt even
______BAD_____ than she had felt before. The test was really long – the tasks
_____PRINT_____ on both sides of the page! Bella did the first task quickly, but the
______TWO_____ one was a real problem. Bella got panicky. Time ticked on but she
_____NOT/CAN_____ concentrate on the tasks.
Word formation
What do you think is the most stressful and ___DANGER_____ job in Britain? Is it a police
officer, a detective or a news ____REPORT____? Well, statistics say it is a London taxi driver.
It is a ____REAL_____ hard job as traffic is getting worse. If we sit in a traffic jam for a few
minutes, we start feeling ____NERVE_____ and irritated. But imagine you had to do that every
day as your job! And you have to remain ____CARE_____ and attentive in spite of everything.
London taxi drivers have to have a good memory to be able to take a _____TRAVEL___ from A
to B without looking at the map or asking for directions. 10
Grammar
Linda was looking forward to her holidays. First of all, she _________FEEL_________ really
tired from school and wanted to have a break. The _________TWO_________reason was that
they were going to take a trip to the mountains. Linda enjoyed it very much when they went
somewhere all together as a family. They _________NOT/DO_________ it very often since her
parents were very busy people. Linda ________NOT/CAN__________ ski but the prospect
didn’t scare her. She learnt everything very quickly, especially when her father taught
________SHE__________. He was the ________GOOD__________teacher in the world! “I
_________BUY_________ special sunglasses for skiing,” Linda boasted to her father. “Have a
look! Nice, aren’t they?” “They are,” he gave Linda a quick look and turned back to his
computer. He ________PREPARE__________ a presentation or something else very important.
Linda could see diagrams on the screen. They _________DRAW_________ in different colours
which made them look complicated.
Word formation
My first job was working at a bakery. When I walked from my house to the bakery I could smell
the ____WONDER___ fresh bread. I loved it. I worked ____DAY___ after school and at
weekends. It made about twenty hours a week. One of the most _____FANTASY___ things
about the bakery was that I could eat all I wanted there. I couldn’t stop eating the fresh buns, rolls
and cakes. They were so ___TASTE____. Mrs. Bradley, the _____OWN____ of the bakery, was
a very nice woman. She had no children and she treated me like her own granddaughter. I liked
her too and did my best to be as ___HELP____as possible. 11
Grammar
Paul was going to be late for his morning class again. He ______NOT/UNDERSTAND_____
why it happened to him so often. This was going to be the ______THREE_____ time in one
week and that was too much even for Mrs Pitt. She was the ______KIND______ teacher in the
world but Paul wasn’t sure that she would forgive him again. “If I don’t invent a very good
excuse, she _____CALL_____ my parents.” Paul thought. His parents ______NOT/BE_____
very strict people but they didn’t approve of Paul’s habit of playing computer games till late at
night. As a result, he couldn’t make ______HE_______ get up in the morning and was regularly
late for school. Paul quietly opened the door and ______GO____ into the classroom. His
classmates _____WRITE_____ something in their notepads and didn’t pay any attention to him.
Mrs Pitt looked at him and said in a flat voice: “You are late again, Paul. What
_________HAPPEN_________?” Paul was not ready with an answer.
Word formation
In Andorra people live longer than in any other European country. It seems they have discovered
the secret of a long and ____HEALTH______ life. People in Andorra stay active and
__ENERGY___ at old age. They attend gyms and public _____SWIM______ pools for free.
Exercise is one reason, the others are clean air and a diet based on vegetables and olive oil.
People of all ages in Andorra are cheerful and ____FRIEND______. They think that life is
____FANTASY______ and they do their best to enjoy it. Andorra is the most
____PEACE______ country in Europe – they haven’t had a war for 700 years. 12
Grammar
It was late at night but the light was on in Ted’s room. When I _________COME_________ in,
he didn’t even turn to me. I looked at his monitor and realized that he
________SURF__________ the Internet for job vacancies. “Why do you need a job?” I asked.
“You _________EMPLOY_________ by Mr. Green only a week ago as far as I remember.”
“Yes, I was. I got a job of a waiter in his restaurant. But I _________LOSE_________ that job
already. They said I was rude to a client.” “Were you?” I was surprised since Ted was the
_________PATIENT_________ and tolerant person I’d ever met. “Yes, it was probably rude of
________I__________ to tell those ladies that I wouldn’t bring them anything else. Just imagine
– they had changed their order three times! Each time they tried a dish, they
_________NOT/LIKE_________ it. When they said that for the _________FOUR_________
time, I lost control. One of the _________WOMAN_________ called for the manager and
complained.” Ted nervously turned back to his computer. “I didn’t like that job anyway.”
Word formation
Ballroom dancing in the UK is making a comeback. For the past five years the popularity of
ballroom dancing has grown thanks to the TV show ‘Strictly Come Dancing’. In the show a
professional ballroom ____DANCE____ has a celebrity for a partner. They learn
___DIFFER____ ballroom dances and perform them live on TV. Four judges and the public
decide who stays in the ____COMPETE___ and who leaves. The show demonstrates how
glamorous ballroom dancing is. The celebrities wear ____COLOUR____ dresses and suits and
the show looks very ____IMPRESS____. According to the ratings, the ___PERFORM_____ is
becoming more and more popular with TV audiences. 13
Grammar
Emma lived in a big city and worked for a large company. Her days were usually very busy –
she _________CAN_________ hardly find half an hour for lunch. However, at weekends she
________FEEL__________ bored and lonely. Emma had moved to the city because of her job.
Only two months before she had thought she was the _________LUCKY_________ girl in the
world. She had got a job most of her friends could only dream about. It was her
_______ONE_______ fulltime job. The company ________CALL__________ ‘Imagination’.
They focused on Internet technologies. Emma _________NOT/KNOW_________ much about
the Internet but her boss said that it didn’t matter. He also said that she _________BE_________
creative and had imagination and that was why she had a good chance of succeeding in the job.
When Emma told her friend, Lucy Pitt, about the new job, Lucy said: “I’m very happy that you
_________FIND_________ a good job. But I also feel very sad about it because you’ll go to the
city and will forget about your friends.” “I wish we could always be together but it’s
impossible,” Emma said. “I promise that I _________COME_________ to visit you as soon as I
can.”
Word formation
The best thing about shopping in London is that there really are hundreds of cool shops selling
____FASHION____ clothes. Only here you can find a wide choice of _____ORIGIN____ and
unique shops. Sometimes you can buy _____FANTASY____ things there. You can spend a
whole day in a shopping centre, have lunch in one of the European or ____ENGLAND____
restaurants, see a new film in the cinema and even enjoy a ___PERFORM____. But be
___СARE____ – London shops are expensive! Don’t leave all your money in the shopping
centre. 14
Grammar
Kate called me early in the morning. It was the _________TWO_________ day of holidays; I
felt angry with her for waking me up. “What ________HAPPEN__________?” I didn’t sound
very polite, but she paid no attention to that. “Oh, nothing! I want to go shopping today and
wondered if you wanted to go with _________I_________.” “No, I don’t want to.” “But it
_________NOT/TAKE_________ you long! I promise.” My first impulse was to say “no”
unlike most ________WOMAN__________ I hated shopping. But Kate sounded so unhappy
that I felt sorry for her. “Ok, what do you need to buy?” Kate’s voice
_________BECOME_________ cheerful again. She excitedly explained to me that she
_________WANT_________ to buy a pair of hiking boots and a raincoat. That
_________BE_________ strange as Kate had never been fond of hiking. “I want to take up
hiking as a new hobby,” went on Kate. “Bob Smith says that it’s very exciting.” Now I knew
what was going on. Bob Smith, the captain of the school baseball team, was the
_________POPULAR_________ boy in our school. All the girls wanted to attract his attention.
Word formation
London is famous for its history and its sights. It is also a wonderful place for shopaholics. There
are lots of _____DIFFER_____ places to go. For example, you can go to Oxford Street.
Sometimes it gets too ___CROWD_____ and noisy, especially during the sales. If you don’t like
it, go to Covent Garden. There you can have a _____LOVE_____ cup of tea or a cappuccino in a
quiet coffee house. You can also watch a street _____PERFORM___. Portobello Road is the
right place to go if you want to buy unique and ____USUAL_____ things. Shopping in London
is always an ___EXCITE___ experience and it’s worth trying. 15
Grammar
When you look at this lovely house in the Welsh countryside, you may think it’s a picture from
J.R.R. Tolkien’s book ‘The Hobbit’. In fact it’s a real house designed by a real person. When
____THEY_______ first son was born, Simon Dale’s wife, Jasmine, said: “I wish we
____LIVE_______ in the country. It would be so good for the baby”. However, they
____NOT/HAVE_____ enough money to buy or rent a house in the country so they decided to
take matters into their own hands. The house ___BUILD____ by Simon himself, with a bit of
help from his friends. The result is impressive. The home is made of natural materials, such as
wood, stone and mud. It uses solar panels for energy and its water ___COME_____ from a
nearby spring. It took Simon four months to complete his fairytale home. He managed to create a
modern wooden ecohome – one of the ___WONDERFUL_____ houses you can imagine.
Simon Dale said, “I ____START___ working on a new house of the same ecostyle. My
____TWO_____ house will be smarter than the first one. My son ____BE______ five now and I
hope to celebrate his tenth birthday in a new house.”
Word formation
Every year the world goes dark for one hour, the Earth Hour. The event is organised by the
___NATION____ World Wildlife Fund. At tourist destinations, in offices and private homes,
lights are switched off for one hour at ____EXACT____ 8:00 pm. The idea is to show that our
planet is in danger and it needs care and ____PROTECT____. It’s ____POSSIBLE____ to
remain indifferent to changes in the climate which go on and on. The Earth Hour is not about
saving an hour’s electricity. It’s about realising that we live on a ____WONDER____ planet and
need to look after it – not just for an hour a year but every day. The Earth Hour is a part of an
____ECOLOGY___ education whose aim is to make people understand their responsibility to
the planet. 16
Grammar
Stonehenge is an ancient monument in southwest England. For me, it’s the
______INTERESTING____ place I’ve ever visited.
I clearly remember my
______ONE_______ visit to Stonehenge with my aunt and uncle. They lived nearby and I often
_______GO______ to stay with them in my summer holidays. On the day of ______WE_____
trip the weather was fine. There ______BE______ a cool wind blowing, the sun was bright in
the sky and Stonehenge looked calm and magical. In those days it was possible to walk among
the stones and even touch them. It’s very different now. Stonehenge _____BECOME_______
more crowded than it was. As a result, now people _____ALLOW____ to walk around the
monument but they can’t come up very close to it. Today I wish I ____HAVE____ an
opportunity to get inside the circle again but unfortunately it is not possible any more. The
Stonehenge mystery is still unexplained but I believe scientists _____SOLVE_______ it in the
near future.
Word formation
The Turners were not used to snow. The most they ever got in Birmingham was an inch or so
each winter. Even that happened quite _____RARE_____. The _____FUN_____ thing was that
a tiny bit of snow was enough to cancel school and even to close some businesses. One night, in
March of 1993, something very ___EXCITE_____ happened. Very cold air from Canada created
the «Storm of the Century». When the Turner kids woke up on Saturday morning, there were 17
inches of ____WONDER_____ snow as far as the eye could see. The Turners were in shock.
They had no idea what to do. Though Mr. Turner was an experienced ____DRIVE____ he chose
to leave his car in the garage. He wanted the whole family to stay at home but it was natural for
the kids to ______AGREE____ with him. They put on the warmest clothes they had and ran
outside to enjoy the snow. 17
Grammar
Mr. and Mrs. Wormwood were our neighbours. They had two _____CHILD_____. Their son
Michael ______NOT/DIFFER____ from the other children very much, but their daughter
Matilda was a brilliant child. By the time she was five, Matilda was able to read very well. She
studied every magazine and newspaper that she _____CAN_____ find around the house.
Actually, she read _____WELL_____ than most school pupils. One afternoon when the parents
were out of the house, Matilda put on _____SHE____ dress and shoes and went to the library.
The librarian was surprised to see such a small child. «Are you here for the ____ONE____ time?
Would you like me to find a nice book with lots of pictures for you?» she asked. «No, thank you,
I _________FIND_________ what I need,» answered Matilda and pointed to a thick book of
fairy tales. Then she added, “I ________COME__________ for a new book as soon as I finish
this one” The librarian was really shocked when she saw Matilda only two days later. “I wish all
children _________LIKE_________ reading so much,” the librarian said. From that day on
Matilda went to the library every afternoon.
Word formation
Dr Michael Werner says that he has eaten nothing for four years. The German
____SCIENCE______ explains that he gets all his energy from sunlight. He says he drinks only
water and ____DIFFER______ fruit juices. Dr Werner has written an ____EXCITE______ book
about his experiences. In it he says that when he started the experiment he even put on weight.
He says: «I can’t really give an _____EXPLAIN_____ of what’s happening to me; perhaps I just
believe in my theory.» Dr Werner’s colleagues say that only plants can produce energy from the
sun, and they cannot explain how he is able to stay _____HEALTH_____. “This case
,____PROBABLE____, needs a lot more research before we will be able to explain it,” they say. 18
Grammar
Dana Miller was a bus driver in the city of Philadelphia. Her working hours _______BE______
from 10.00 pm till 6:00 am. It was a hard job and very few _____WOMAN_____ worked as bus
drivers in those days but Dana loved her job very much. One of her regular passengers was a
guitar player. Every Friday night he got on the bus carrying his guitar. The guitar
_____MAKE______ of wood, not plastic and Dana liked the way it sounded. “You should come
to see our show,” the guitarist kept saying to Dana. “I ______SEE______ it one day,” Dana
promised each time, but she never said when exactly she ____GO______. Another passenger
who often used Dana’s bus was a Biscuit Lady. She worked at the biscuit factory and often
______GIVE______ Dana a small bag of biscuits. Dana _____NOT/LIKE______ sweets and
pastries very much, but she could never resist those biscuits – they were so fresh and tasty. “How
was ______YOU_____ night?” Dana’s husband liked to ask her when she came home. “Good
music, good food and a great view of the city,” she cheerfully answered. “I wish I
______ENJOY____ my work as much as you enjoy yours,” her husband said, “ but I’m going to
have just another boring day at the office.”
Word formation
Many tourists find they don’t like staying in city hotels. They prefer to avoid _____NOISE____
cities completely. They are attracted instead to dramatic views of mountains and
_____PEACE____ valleys. If you like this sort of tourism, Mountain View Camp is for you.
You’ll have an ____FORGETTABLE___ vacation there. The Camp has a view over the
____IMPRESS____ Hampson Valley. In the camp, tourists can rent either tents or bungalows.
All the guests have free access to different facilities such as kitchens, bathrooms and
playgrounds for children. The camp is a successful ____COMBINE____ of both comfort and a
green environment. The tourists can also have lunch in one of the many restaurants and try
European or ____NATION_____ cuisine. 19
Grammar
Most adults miss their childhood. “Your school years are the _________GOOD_________ years
of your life,” – have you ever heard that phrase? Just recently, while I was on my way to work, I
started thinking back to my own school years. They probably were not troublefree but there
_________BE_________ many reasons for us to feel happy at school. One of them was
spending every single day with friends. We ________NOT/GET__________ tired of being
together. The ________TWO__________ one was uniform. Yes, in my opinion, the school
uniform had more advantages than disadvantages. _________I_________ was dark green. It was
unfashionable but comfortable. It _________MAKE_________ of natural materials. Besides, the
uniform saved a lot of time in the mornings. Now it _________TAKE_________ me hours to
decide what to wear. Another thing is that I don’t really like sport. But at school we
_________PLAY_________ football, netball, hockey and so on. Sport was compulsory. Now I
realise that this was a good thing! And of course there were… holidays! Christmas, Easter, half
term, and the jackpot – the summer holidays. I wish I ________HAVE__________ as much free
time now.
Word formation
Millions of people want to learn English. There are lots of ____DIFFER___ methods and the
main problem is how to choose the best one. Some people believe that the most
____EFFECT____ way is to study English in Britain or in any other Englishspeaking country.
The advantage of going to Britain seems obvious. Everyone around you speaks English. It’s
practically ____POSSIBLE____ to avoid communication, so you’ll learn English
____QUICK____. On the other hand, one can learn English at home. There are lots of
possibilities there too: a good _____TEACH_____, a language school or an online course.
There are many ways to get a good language ____EDUCATE___ now. 20
Grammar
Dad usually comes up with original ideas. Last Sunday Dad _________DECIDE_________ that
we should all go on a camping trip. The idea came to him while he _________READ_________
an article about camping. The article said that camping brings families together. “Not true”, I
smiled. “What about television? It usually _________HELP_________ families to feel a lot
more united.” “If the weather is fine, we _________GO_________ on a trip next weekend,” Dad
said and put his magazine on the coffee table I quickly looked over at my
_________YOUNG_________ brother, Paul. He gave me a knowing smile, “Do you remember
_________WE_________ last trip?” I certainly did. Last summer Dad told us that fishing would
be a great family activity. We bought four expensive fishing rods and drove for three long hours
to a big lake in Virginia. When we got there, we discovered that we
________FORGET__________ to take the fishing rods. Ten minutes later we made another
unpleasant discovery: we _________NOT/HAVE_________ the tent which meant we couldn’t
stay overnight and we had to drive all the way back home again. We _________BE_________
tired and disappointed with the trip.
Word formation
If someone asks what your nationality is, how do you answer? For British people
_____NATION_____ identity is a complex issue. Take me for example. I carry a passport issued
by the British ____GOVERN____. I was born in England, but my Mum is Scottish and my
Granny is from Northern Ireland. So what am I? ____ACTUAL____, I am really all of them:
English, Irish, Scottish and British. Each of the “nations” has a lot in common but they also have
their own unique culture and ___TRADITION____ lifestyle. They ___LIKE_____ it when
people call them English. And perhaps the most important ____DIFFER____ of all – each nation
has its own football team! 21
Grammar
It was Friday evening. Liz was looking forward to Saturday because it was her husband’s
birthday. She had been preparing for this event for a long time. She had invited
________THEY__________ college friends and they were all coming from different cities. The
best part was that Carlos, her husband, _________NOT/KNOW_________ anything about the
arrangements. It was going to be a surprise. Liz _________MAKE_________ sandwiches when
Carlos came into the kitchen. “Look, darling,” he said, “I know it’s my birthday tomorrow but I
don’t want to do anything special for it.” Liz thought, “I wish I _________CAN_________
cancel the party but I can’t – it’s too late. The party will take place anyway and it will be the
_________GOOD_________ party ever”. When Carlos came home on Saturday, there
________BE__________ lots of people there. Carlos _________TELL________ them that he
felt very happy to see them all and it was true! The guests enjoyed the dinner and then Liz
brought in a cake. The cake __________DECORATE________ with chocolates and jellies, and
it had as many candles as the number of years Carlos had reached that day. Carlos couldn’t blow
them out on the _________ONE_________ try and his friends were delighted to help him.
Word formation
The city of St Davids is situated on the southwest coast of Wales. If you’re looking for an
____USUAL_____ place to go, this is your destination. It was granted city status by Queen
Elizabeth II but in reality St Davids looks like an ____ATTRACT______ small village. It is
actually the smallest city in Britain with a ______POPULATE____ of just over 1,600. St Davids
has a ______BEAUTY_____ medieval cathedral which dates back to the 12th century. Today it
is a _____CHARM_____ place with narrow streets filled with cafes, hotels and art galleries –
but only one pub! St Davids is famous for its sandy beaches and clear water. Whitesands Bay is a
regular ____WIN_____ of the prestigious European Blue Flag award. 22
Grammar
After school, I decided to go to university. I ________CHOOSE__________ St Andrews
University in Scotland. At that time I ________NOT/KNOW__________ much about the
University but when I arrived there, I liked it at once. Now I’m in my last year and I wish I
_________CAN_________ stay here forever! St Andrews University is a truly special place. It
_________BUILD_________ 600 years ago and it is one of the oldest universities in the
Englishspeaking world. It has many traditions – for example, the ‘May Dip’. It is held on the
________ONE__________ of May every year. All the students run into the North Sea at sunrise
to celebrate the coming of spring and for good luck! One of my classmates said that the tradition
________HELP__________ him to pass his exams last summer. For me the ‘May Dip’ was the
_________COLD_________ experience of my life! Because the weather is famously cold, St
Andrews students designed _________THEY_________ own uniform which consists of a warm
jacket, jeans and boat shoes. The uniform _________MAKE_________ us all look the same, but
it is the only way to keep warm!
Word formation
Reading is one of the most popular pastimes and books are one of the main sources of
knowledge. Everyone knows this but, _____FORTUNATELY____, there are many young
people who don’t like to read. They say it is not cool but I firmly _____AGREE_____ with
them. Books have the ability to take you to another world, to wake up your
_____IMAGINE____ and transport you to places you’ve never been to. Books can be
____DIFFER_____ in size and content. Their stories can be ____EXCITE____, scary, romantic
or funny but above all, books are just interesting. I’m absolutely sure that books by a good
____WRITE____ will always be popular. 23
Grammar
It was a cold January day in York, Pennsylvania. Dr. James turned on the television to check on
the weather. The weatherman said that it was going to stay cold for several days. According to
him, the roads _________BE_________ very dangerous because of the snow and ice and he
James
strongly recommended staying at
possible.
home
if at
all
Dr.
_________NOT/CAN_________ stay at home. He worked in a hospital and there were patients
waiting for him there. He put on a sweater, jacket, gloves, boots and a hat, and opened his front
door. Everything ________COVER__________ with snow. A cold wind blew inside. “Wow,”
Dr. James said. “The weatherman was right! I wish I ________HAVE__________ a reindeer
instead of my old car.” When Dr. James ________DRIVE__________ slowly to work, he saw
an accident. He stopped and ________RUN__________ to the damaged car. There was a man
and two ________CHILD__________ inside. “Is everyone okay?” Dr. James asked. “Yes, yes,
we are fine,” answered the man. “I ________CALL__________ 911 already. They are coming
to help ________WE__________. It looks like we won’t get to school today.”
Word formation
Siem Reap is a small town in Cambodia, a country in southeast Asia. It is built around a
___FAME____ cathedral. The town is charming with some fine examples of French colonial
architecture. A legend says that a French ____WRITE_____ once called the town “a pearl of
Cambodia”. Nowadays, this town is quite popular with tourists. They often use it as a starting
point for their _____EXCITE____ travellings. The town is really remarkable. There you will
find some _____IMPRESS_____ stone monuments and statues, ancient buildings and
picturesque ruins. Note that it’s ___USUAL_____ hot there in the summer. Please ensure that
you take ____COMFORT______ walking shoes, light clothing and plenty of water to drink. 24
Grammar
Martin was in a hurry as he had to be in the office as soon as possible. His boss
_________NOT/LIKE_________ it when anyone missed the morning meetings and Martin had
already been late several times that week. His boss had warned him: “If you are late again, you
_________LOSE_________ your job.” Martin was afraid of losing his job. His colleagues were
nice to him, the salary was good and he sometimes ________GO__________ on business trips
abroad. It was actually the _________GOOD_________ job he had ever had. He ran out of the
house, jumped into his car and backed up without looking. BOOM! There
_________BE_________ a sound like someone hitting a drum. Martin had hit the car behind
him. “Oh, no!” Martin exclaimed. Martin glanced at his watch. It was 7:18. He looked around.
There were no _________POLICEMAN_________ on the street and he decided to drive off
quickly. It took _________HE_________ 20 minutes to get to work. The boss was not around.
“Thank goodness,” Martin said to himself and sat down at his desk to work. The boss arrived an
hour later. “Somebody hit my car and left without leaving a note,” he said angrily. “I wish I
________KNOW__________ who he was.
My car was absolutely new! It
_________BUY_________ only a week ago.”Martin went up to the window, saw the car and
understood that he would lose his job anyway.
Word formation
Piranhas are South American fish. There are lots of scary stories about them. Most people think
that piranhas are very _____DANGER____ creatures. However, a ____SCIENCE___ from St
Andrews University, Anne Magurran, has recently announced that to call piranhas cruel killers is
not fair. They ____USUAL____ eat fish, plants and insects. According to Professor Anne
Magurran, piranhas attack people and animals only when they want to defend themselves.
However, most travellers strongly __AGREE_____ with this point of view. They recommend
keeping away from the water where piranhas live. When the fish attack in groups, it is practically
___POSSIBLE_____ to survive. Whatever your opinion of piranhas, this is a _____USE______
piece of advice one should follow. 25
Grammar
Tracey was very unhappy and scared. She was starting a new school. “I
_________NOT/WANT_________ to go to school today,” Tracey told her father. “I understand,
Tracey,” he said. “Starting a new school can be very difficult. But you have to.” A month before
_________THEY_________ family had moved to a new town and everything was still new and
strange for Tracey. Dad smoothed Tracey’s hair down and _________GIVE_________ her a
little hug, “When your classes _________BE_________ over, I’ll pick you up, ok?” When
Tracey got to school and looked at the big building, she thought, “I wish I
_________CAN_________ run away,” but she knew it was impossible. She took a deep breath
and walked up the steps to school. She went straight into her _________FIVE_________ grade
classroom. “That must be Tracey,” “Hello, Tracey!”, “Welcome, Tracey!” the
_________CHILD_________ in the room welcomed her. Everyone seemed friendly and Tracey
felt a little _________GOOD_________. The father picked her up after school. “How was your
day?” he asked. To his surprise Tracey answered that she _________LIKE_________ her new
school. “You are a brave girl,” her father said. “I’m proud of you.”
Word formation
Have you heard of a Tadeus Bodnar? He is a ____FAME_____ Hungarian hairdresser. Not long
ago he stopped using the _____TRADITION_____ scissors and comb. Now his instruments are
axes, irons and vacuum cleaners. Now he is very _____SUCCESS_____ and happy because with
his innovative techniques he can express himself better. He cuts hair in his shop in Budapest by
chopping it with an axe. Then he styles the hair using a vacuum cleaner, or straightens it with an
iron. It’s difficult to believe but the extravagant hairdresser is very popular. Many people find
him very _____CREATE____. Every day there’s an ____END____ line of people streaming to
his shop. They wish to change their ___APPEAR_____ and have a thrilling, new experience. 26
Grammar
Jane liked going to the park with her mum. One day when they were there, she said, “There is so
much rubbish on the ground.” They looked around. There were old ____BOX______, waste
paper and cans on the ground. Several benches _____BREAK_______. “You are right,” her
mum said. “I wish people ___CARE_____ about the environment more.” “I do care about it but
I ______NOT/KNOW______ what I can do to help the park,” said Jane. Jane and her mum went
home. In the evening she painted a picture of the park. At the top of the picture she
_____WRITE______ “PLEASE KEEP ME CLEAN”. The next day Jane and her mum went to
the park ______EARLY______ than usual. Jane taped her picture onto a big rubbish bin and
started picking up rubbish. Some children ran over to see what was going on. They decided to
help Jane. Soon all the rubbish was in the bags. “Good job,” Jane said, “We
_____CLEAN______ half of the park. If we come and complete the other part tomorrow, the
whole park ______BE_______ clean and tidy. I hope people won’t throw _____THEY____
rubbish here any more.”
Word formation
Axel is a 9yearold Bulgarian orphan (сирота). He was adopted by a ____WEALTH_____
western family. His new father works as a _____BANK____ in Sweden and he is quite rich.
Axel ____REGULAR____ wrote emails to the director of the orphanage, Jane Smitova. He told
her that he was saving his Christmas and birthday money to help his friends. Axel said that he
wanted the money to be spent on presents for his former playmates. Later Jane said “I
understood that ____FRIEND_____ meant a lot to a small boy but I would never have imagined
that Axel could be talking about such an __POSSIBLE____ sum of money. It’s so touching and
we are going to spend it in a very _____CARE____ way.» The boy saved £6,000. 27
Grammar
It was an early morning. Ben jumped out of his bed as soon as the ______ONE_____ rays of sun
came into the room. He grabbed his backpack and started to pack. Ben put in some of his
favourite things to take with _____HE______ on the trip to Grandpa’s. He put in his favourite
book, his kite and his teddy bear. Soon everything ______PACK_______ and he started to get
dressed. Visiting Grandpa had always been the ______GOOD_______ part of his summer
vacation. Together, they went fishing and watched football matches. Ben’s granddad
___TEACH____ him how to repair bikes and other things. Ben’s mum entered his room.
“Grandpa’s here,” she said with a smile. Ben told her that he ______BE_______ ready to go. He
grabbed his backpack and ran into the kitchen where Grandpa ______DRINK______ his tea.
“Ready, big guy?” asked Grandpa. “Will you have breakfast before we leave?” “No, I
_____NOT/BE_____ hungry”, Ben answered, “I’ll have breakfast at your place. Grandma
______COOK______ something nice for me, hasn’t she?”
Word formation
People are afraid of lots of things. There are many _____DIFFER____ kinds of fears called
phobias. They affect at least a quarter of the ____POPULATE_____. The
_____TRADITION_____ treatment for people with strong phobias is some kind of therapy. In
most cases it doesn’t work but doctors still believe that phobias can be cured.
___RECENT______ they have discovered a drug which can help people to overcome their
phobias. It doesn’t work for everybody but when it does, it is very ___EFFECT_____. People,
who take the pill feel much better – most of their fears ____APPEAR_____. 28
Grammar
I was sitting in an armchair and watching my sister Alison. She was getting ready for a party.
Alison was 15 years _____OLD_____ than me and she always treated me like a child. Alison
took her jewellery box from the table. The box ______MAKE_____ of wood and had colourful
stones on the top. “You know you must never touch it, right?” Alison said. If the box was mine, I
_____ALLOW_____ you to touch it whenever you wanted,” I answered. Alison said nothing to
that. When she put on her jewelry, she looked like a princess. She moved gracefully as if her
____FOOT______ didn’t touch the ground. Alison kissed me goodnight and left. I tried to resist
my curiosity but I ____NOT/CAN______. I opened the box. There ______BE_____ lots of
rings, earrings, bracelets and necklaces inside. I got them all out. The ____ONE______ piece of
jewelry I tried on was a silver necklace. After that I lost track of time. Suddenly I
_____SEE_____ Alison. She was standing at the doorway and looking at me angrily. I
_____NOT/KNOW____ what to say. Many years have passed since that night. Now I am a
designer – I create clothes and accessories. My sister likes my work very much.
Word formation
People travel a lot nowadays. Planes are considered to be the most ____COMFORT____ means
of transport but for some people airports can be a nightmare. There are ___END_____ queues
when you check in and you waste lots of time if your flight is delayed. However, there are some
airports where you can ____ACTUAL_____ enjoy yourself. For example, you’ll never be bored
at Hong Kong’s international airport. There are thousands of people from _____DIFFER____
countries here but the passengers never experience any problems because everything is well
organised. There are attendants in red coats, who help you to get from one place to another. It’s
very good for people with no sense of ____DIRECT_____. The attendants are always very polite
and _____HELP_____. 29
Grammar
The phone rang in Clark Taylor’s house at nearly three in the morning. He answered it only after
the ______FIVE____ ring. “Hello,” Clark said in a sleepy voice. “Mr. Taylor. Thank goodness. I
need your help.” Clark definitely _____KNOW____ the voice. However, he was sleepy and
____NOT/CAN____ remember who it was. “Mr. Taylor!” the man said. “I am in trouble. The
police allowed me only one phone call. And I am calling you.” Then, the fog cleared. Although
nearly ten years had passed since ____THEY_____ last meeting, Clark was able to recognise the
voice. It belonged to Martin Hall, one of the _____BRIGHT____ math students he had ever had.
“Martin, what’s happened? Where are you? ” Clark asked. “In the police station. I
____ARREST____ at the railway station two hours ago. I was going to a conference. The police
mistook me for another person. The irony is that I really do look like the criminal that they are
looking for. Besides that, I _____LOSE_____ my ID card and I can’t prove who I am. You are
the only person in this town who knows me. Can you help me?” Martin Hall asked. “If you give
me the address, I _____COME_____ at once,” Clark said, jumping up of the bed. It was not
difficult for him to prove that Martin Hall was his former student. Clark brought a scientific
journal with Martin’s article and a photo of him. The _____POLICEMAN____ were surprised to
find out that their prisoner was a capable young scientist.
Word formation
Can people live without friends? Most of us would say «no». Friends make our lives enjoyable
and ___INTEREST____. Friendship is something you can’t buy. It is a ____WONDER____ and
valuable gift. It is ____POSSIBLE____ to live without people who care for you and who are
always ready to help. However, to find a true friend is not easy. Friendship requires honesty,
trust and ____KIND___. Being a friend means not only having fun together but helping each
other in a difficult _____SITUATE_____. A true friend not only praises you but tells you when
you are not right too. If you have already found such a person, you’re ___LUCK_____. 30
Grammar
By today’s standards, my mobile phone is pretty basic. It’s a Nokia. It’s a small device that
receives telephone calls and sends text messages. Other than that, my phone
_________NOT/DO_________ much.
they
_________HAVE_________ smartphones because they are cool and trendy. They say the
wish
Most
of
my
friends
_________GOOD_________ thing about a smartphone is that you ‘can do everything with it!’
That’s right, smartphones have many more functions than a simple phone, however, not all of
them are needed. In everyday life, smartphones _________USE_________ mainly for checking
social networking sites, replying to emails, and playing games. Grownups as well as
________CHILD__________ like playing games. Anyway, I prefer my good old Nokia. It’s my
it didn’t cost
________ONE__________ mobile phone.
When I bought it,
_________I_________ very much. And I am not afraid anyone will ever steal it. It’s also very
reliable. Yesterday I dropped it. It _________FLY_________ down the staircase and hit the
wall. I thought that _________BE_________ the end of it and I would have to buy a new one.
But nothing of the kind – it still works properly!
Word formation
Last spring my best friend Isabelle and I booked a holiday in Venice. We rented a small
apartment for a week with a _____WONDER_____ view of the town. At the last moment
another friend, Linda, asked if she could come with us. She was a ___FRIEND___, cheerful girl
and we were glad to have her join us. Venice was a ______FANTASY______ place and we
enjoyed our trip greatly. Linda was fond of history and she told us lots of
_____INTEREST_____ facts about the town. We also liked the Italian food very much. The
waiter in the nearby pizzeria was a boy from Britain, so we never had any problems with
_____COMMUNICATE____. The only _____PLEASANT____ thing about Venice was the
weather. It was unusually cold and windy that week. 31
Grammar
Once there were four children whose names were Peter, Susan, Edmund and Lucy. This story
happened to _________THEY_________ when they had to leave their home city, London,
during the war. They _________SEND_________ to the house of an old Professor who lived in
the country, ten miles from the nearest railway station. He _________NOT/HAVE_________ a
wife and he lived in a very large house with a housekeeper. He himself was a very old man with
white hair which grew over most of his face as well as on his head. The children liked him
almost at once. Only Lucy, who was the _________YOUNG_________ of them, felt a little
afraid of him. On their _________ONE_________ evening, after dinner, they said good night to
the Professor and went upstairs. It was the largest house they had ever seen, so Peter suggested
exploring it in the morning. When the next morning came, there was a steady rain falling. «I wish
the weather _________BE_________ more cheerful!» said Edmund. «Stop complaining, Ed,»
said Susan. «I think the weather _________IMPROVE_________ soon.» «We were going to
explore the house,» Peter reminded them. He _________EAT_________ a sandwich at the
moment and was absolutely happy with the whole situation. Everyone nodded and at that point
their amazing adventures ________BEGIN__________.
Word formation
Last year my friend Mia and I went on holiday to Thailand. We stayed in a _____FAME______
resort which is popular with tourists. We were very ____LUCK______ with the weather and we
spent most of our days on the beach. The ocean was _____FANTASY_____ – the water was
clear and warm. Thailand is a former French colony and that’s why French is very popular there.
Mia was delighted with this fact because she learns French, she wants to be a ____TEACH_____
of French, and she was able to practise the language there. She is also interested in architecture
and she found some fine examples of the French colonial style in Thailand. It was an
_____FORGETTABLE____ trip for me too. I am a photographer and I took lots of pictures of
people and nature. Several magazines found my photos ____INTEREST______ enough to
publish. I feel very proud of that. 32
Grammar
I come from England but now I live permanently in Québec, Canada. When my parents
____BRING_____ me to Canada, I was fifteen. It was the winter and I ___IMPRESS_____ by
the amount of snow there. I asked my new friends what they usually _____DO______ for
entertainment in such a cold climate. Their answer was simple, “In winter ___CHILD____ and
adults go skiing and skating.”
Before arriving in Canada I had never tried skating and my Canadian ice experience was really
painful. To start with, it took ____I____ half an hour to put on the skates. I
___NOT/KNOW_____ how to move so my new friends showed me some basic techniques.
However, when I was left alone on the ice, I ____FALL____ over immediately. When I opened
my eyes, my new friends were standing around. They weren’t laughing, they looked worried.
“Are you OK?” they asked.
“Fine,” I said, “I wish I ___CAN____ skate as easily as you do.” “You definitely will,” they
smiled. And they were right. By the end of my ____ONE____ winter in Canada, I felt confident
on the ice. More than that, I found out that skating was a really exciting activity!
Word formation
I unexpectedly met my old friend Natalie at a metro station in Paris. I recognised her at once
though we hadn’t seen each other for ten years. Now she works as a ____REPORT_______ for
Le Figaro newspaper. Our ____FRIEND________ began when we were at school. After school,
Natalie left Britain. French was her favourite subject and she went to university in Paris. It is one
of the most ___FAME_________ opera houses in the world. Now she is a very
____SUCCESS________ journalist. Her life is busy and exciting. I was ____LUCK________
that she managed to find some time for me. Natalie made my visit to Paris
___FORGETTABLE________. She took me to the most interesting places in the city. In the
evening we even watched a performance at The Grand Opera House. 33
Grammar
School was finally over and I was about to enjoy my holidays. I was going to stay with my Aunt
Helen, who lived in California. I thought that visiting ____SHE___ would be great fun, but I felt
nervous and scared. When my mum ____DRIVE___ me to the airport, she noticed that
something was wrong with me. “Are you all right?’ she asked. “You’re afraid of flying, aren’t
you?”
“I ___NOT/WANT____ you to notice. Yes, I’m a bit scared. Sorry.” “There ___BE___ nothing
to be sorry about! It’s natural to feel nervous before your first flight. I wish I _____CAN_____
go with you, but you know that I can’t.” It was true. My mum was the ___BUSY_____ woman
in the world. “I’m fine, Mum. Don’t worry.” I tried to sound calm. “I ___CALL___ you as soon
as we land.” The plane ____TAKE____ off smoothly. The pilot informed the passengers about
the details of the flight. Then we ___OFFER____ refreshing drinks. I had some orange juice and
closed my eyes.
Word formation
Jenny doesn’t have many friends, but she has lots of books. Jenny likes fantasy stories best. She
has a rich ____IMAGINE_____ which takes her to magical lands. Jenny often feels like she is a
part of the story. She enjoys being in someone else’s shoes, living in an _____ABSOLUTE____
different world. When reading, Jenny may turn into a princess or become a mountain
____EXPLORE______. She can see _____FANTASY_____ creatures and amazing places with
her own eyes. Books are ideal friends for Jenny. They are entertaining and helpful. They can
give her some _____PRACTICE_____ advice when she needs it and keep quiet when she
doesn’t want to communicate. Books never _____AGREE____ with her and they never argue. 34
Grammar
Harry’s class was going on an excursion to the firehouse. Harry ___FEEL_________ proud
because his Uncle Jim, a fireman, was going to show the children around the place. Naturally,
the first thing Harry’s classmates wanted to see was the huge fire truck. There ____BE_______
eight vehicles at the firehouse at that moment. Uncle Jim explained how the trucks got water and
even let the kids get inside the truck. “Have you ever fought a fire ____YOU______?” a red
haired boy asked. “Yes, many times, unfortunately,” Uncle Jim answered. “I wish people
___BEHAVE____ more responsibly when they used electrical devices at home or had picnics
outdoors. But they often ____NOT/THINK______ anything can happen to them. Please
remember that you ____NOT/MUST_______ make fires in the woods. There is dry grass and
dry _____LEAF___ on the ground. They start to burn very easily. And there is nothing
____DANGEROUS______ than forest fires!” The children promised not to make any fires in the
woods and Uncle Jim went on with the tour. He ____SHOW_______ them the fire alarm
equipment, when a siren started wailing…
Word formation
Sam went to the giant aquarium near his house at least three times a week. He liked the fish and
crabs, but the most ____WONDER____ creatures there were sharks. Sam could watch them for
hours. He took photos through the glass and collected ____INFORM_____ about them. It
surprised him how fast a massive shark could be. Before the aquarium opened, Sam thought it
was ___POSSIBLE____ for sharks to be so quick and graceful. He knew that sharks were
_____DANGER____ but they seldom attacked people. Many people, however, had hunted them
and sharks had become endangered. ____FORTUNATE___, now there were laws protecting
sharks. In the future, Sam wanted to be a ____SCIENCE_____ and study sharks in the wild. 35
Grammar
Judy was afraid of the dark. At night she always ___LEAVE______ the lights on. Judy couldn’t
explain what exactly she was afraid of. She ____NOT/BELIEVE_____ in monsters or in ghosts.
She was one of those rare girls who never screamed when she saw spiders, ____MOUSE_____
and frogs. But everyone in her family knew that a dark room was the ____BAD________ of her
fears. One day, when Judy ___DRAW_______ something in her room, her mother came in
holding a big shopping bag. “Guess what I____BUY_______,” she said to Judy. “I have no
idea. Is it for ___I______?” Judy felt very curious about the bag. Her mother pulled two
packages from her shopping bag. In the first package there were some very nice slippers. They
___MAKE______ from soft, pink fabric and had bright flashing lights. Inside the second
package were glowinthedark pyjamas! Judy said she ___WANT______ to try them on
immediately. Amazingly, she felt safe all through the night. In a few days the lights stopped
flashing but Judy realised she didn’t feel afraid of the dark any more.
Word formation
It all started in 1865. A group of Frenchmen were having dinner in one of the most
_____FASHION____ restaurants near Paris. They talked about the democratic changes in the
USA and wanted to support the American people. After a short ___DISCUSS___ they agreed on
an original idea. The idea was suggested by FrédéricAuguste Bartholdi, a sculptor and
_____DESIGN____. He said they could make a statue of a woman holding the torch of
freedom. It was an ambitious project and it was ___POSSIBLE____ to complete it quickly. It
actually took 21 years for this idea to become a reality. The French people raised money to build
the statue, and, ______FINAL____, in 1886 it was ready. On July 4, 1886 the United States
received their ____AMAZE_____ gift the Statue of Liberty! 36
Grammar
Kathy looked at her new room’s white walls.
“They’re so plain.”
“Don’t worry,” Dad said, “If you don’t like them, we ____MAKE________ the walls any colour
you like.” “Do you want pink?” Mum suggested. Kathy _____SHAKE________ her head. “No,
pink is either for ____BABY________ or for silly girls who like Barbie dolls. I’m neither of
those.” Her parents smiled but ____NOT/SAY________ anything. “But what colour to choose?
I wish we ____CAN________ ask a designer for professional advice,” said Kathy. “Oh, no! It’s
out of the question!” said Kathy’s mother, firmly. A designer’s advice is much
___EXPENSIVE_____ than we can afford.” “Ok. It was just an idea.”
“Getting back to the wall colour, why not make your room yellow or orange?” Dad suggested.
“When the walls _____PAINT_______ in those colours, the room will look cheerful.” “Yes!”
Kathy definitely liked the idea. “We’ll make three walls yellow, but the ____FOUR______ one
will be orange.” The next day, when Kathy came back from school, her Dad said: “Look what
I____BUY______.” There were paints and brushes on the floor.
“Everything’s ready for us to start.” He smiled and handed Kathy the brush.
Word formation
Father’s Day in the UK is on the third Sunday in June. We enjoy this day very much and always
arrange a _____CELEBRATE_______ at home. Our dad deserves it – he is the most
_____AMAZE________ person I’ve ever met. He works as a train ___DRIVE______ and he
loves his job, though it takes time and energy. He cannot spend lots of time with us, but when he
is at home, we have a ____FANTASY_______ time all together. Dad is a very
____CREATE______ person and often invents new games for us. There are three children in our
family and we always prepare a present for our dad together. Last time it was a large,
______COLOUR_______ book about the history of trains. The book starts with the invention of
the first train and tells the whole story of the railway up to the present day. 37
Grammar
It was the middle of November and Tina felt down and depressed. Late autumn was the
____BAD________ season of the year It often ____RAIN______, and Tina had to spend most
of her time indoors. Because of this, she really welcomed the changes in her school routine. The
school administration introduced a new class a dance class. But not everyone was happy! The
boys said that it ____BE_______ a waste of time. They often missed the class and, when they
attended, they ____NOT/LISTEN______ to the teacher’s instructions but tried to make fun of
everything. “I wish we _____HAVE_______ a class for girls only,” Tina thought. The Junior
Dance Competition ____HOLD______ in their town every year. It was a spectacular show.
“Your dancing ____IMPROVE____ every day,” the teacher said one day. “If you go on like this,
you ____HAVE________ a chance to take part in the Dance Competition next month.” Tina
imagined herself wearing a beautiful dress and elegant shoes on her ____FOOT________. She
decided it was something she’d like to try.
Word formation
Olivia got a camera for her birthday. Her family was going on a trip to Washington D.C. and
Olivia wanted to take pictures of the _____WONDER_______ places she would see. The first
place where they stopped was a sandy beach. Olivia took pictures of the ocean and the
_____NOISE______ seagulls. The birds seemed to enjoy being photographed, but it was
______POSSIBLE________ to go too close to them. Olivia had to take pictures from a distance.
Next, the family moved on to the centre of Washington D.C. Olivia’s heart was beating with
______EXCITE______. She got great shots of the White House, the Capitol and some other
______FAME______ buildings. ___FINAL_____, it was time to head home. Olivia thought
about how her friends would be surprised to see her pictures. 38
Grammar
Veronica loved autumn. It was her favourite season. There were many good things about it. She
loved the smells, the changing ____LEAF_______, and the cool breezes. There ____BE_______
also apple pies, apple doughnuts and pumpkin pies. For Veronica, pumpkin pies were the
____GOOD________, especially when her mother cooked them. Veronica had never tried to
make a pie ___SHE________, but she knew how, as she had seen how her mother made it many
times. One day, on her way from school, Veronica _____BUY_______ a pumpkin and decided
to cook it. She tried to do everything the same way her mother usually did. Veronica was in the
kitchen and _____NOT/HEAR_______ the door bell. Her mother had to use her key to enter the
house. “Who ___MAKE______ a pie?” her mother asked. “I can smell it. How soon is it going
to be ready? I’m very hungry.” When the pie was ready, Veronica put it on the table. The pie
looked nice: it ___DECORATE____ with nuts and coloured sugar. Veronica’s mother had a
large piece. She smiled and said that she ____LIKE_____ it very much.
Word formation
The Grand National is a horse race which is held every year in Liverpool. This
_____COMPETE___ involves a fourmile race, during which the horses have to go over 30
fences. The most ______FAME______ horse in the Grand National was called ‘Red Rum’. He
was the ___WIN____ of the race three times during the 1970s. The race is not only a sporting
event but a _____FASHION____ social event too. Men and women wear beautiful clothes, and
the tickets to the race are very _____EXPENSE_____. The Grand National is broadcast all over
the world and around 500 to 600 million people watch it. However, though there are lots of
horse racing fans, many people think it’s ______FAIR______ and cruel to make the animals race
and jump for people’s entertainment. 39
Grammar
When I was at school, I spent two summers at my grandfather’s. They were the ___GOOD____
holidays I’ve ever had. Grandpa lived alone in a country cottage near a small river. Grandpa’s
hobby was making birdhouses. He always said that he ___NEED_____ a hobby to fill his free
time. Grandpa’s workshop was full of all kinds of tools. There ____BE_______ a big table,
hammers, nails, paints, and what not. And all the tools ___KEEP_____ carefully in their places.
That was Grandpa’s number one rule. The ______TWO_____ rule was, “Never buy a new tool if
the old one still works.” In the workshop, when he ___MAKE_____ the birdhouses, I asked him
lots of questions about birds. He ___KNOW____ a lot about them! He could tell one bird from
another by their songs and footprints. I was surprised that Grandpa _____NOT/PAINT______
the birdhouses in bright colours. He explained to ___I___ that birds prefer natural colours that
make their houses more difficult to notice and, for that reason, safer.
Word formation
Last year, I became a volunteer in a charity shop. It was an ___USUAL___ job for me I had
never been involved with charities. Our shop raised money to provide medical care for anyone
suffering from any ____ILL____. The job was not easy but I enjoyed it very much. All my
colleagues were very helpful. Their ____FRIEND_____ and support meant a lot to me. Andrew,
my boss and ____MANAGE____, was a smart and wellorganized person. He kept saying that
we had no right to be indifferent or ____CARE____ because people’s lives depended on us.
Working in the charity shop, I have met some very interesting people and have learnt a lot of
practical skills. Volunteering has equipped me with experience which I’m sure will be
____USE____ for my future. 40
Grammar
Susan’s father often had to go to different countries on business. That evening, he came home
____LATE_____ than usual. He looked tired. Susan ____KNOW_______ that the next week her
father was going to China to discuss a new project. At dinner, her father asked Susan if she
___WANT____ to go with him. It was a bit unexpected but Susan liked the idea at once. It was
her ___SIXTEEN___ birthday in a few days. And Susan thought it ____BE_____ fun to
celebrate it abroad. However, there was one thing she wanted to clear up before the trip: “Are
you going to be busy from morning till night? I ___NOT/WANT___ to sit in the hotel all the
time alone.”
“You won’t have to,” her father reassured Susan. “I ____PREPARE____ all the project papers
already. So, while our partners are studying them, we’ll have plenty of time for sightseeing.”
“Great!” Susan ran up to her room to pack.
“Remember to take some comfortable shoes. Otherwise your ___FOOT____ will hurt after the
long excursions.” Her father’s advice was always practical. Half an hour later everything
___PACK_ in a suitcase and Susan called her best friend to tell her the news.
Word formation
Lots of companies do business online. They sell goods and services, or provide
____INFORM____ to the general public. Doing business online is less ____EXPENSE___ and
more convenient than running a traditional business, with offices and lots of employees.
Surprisingly enough, there are lots of very young people among online businessmen. In spite of
their age, they are quite _____SUCCESS____ and professional. For example, Ben Collins
started his own online company when he was ____REAL_____ young. He was only 17. He says,
“My business is _____NATIONAL____ we work with people from different countries. In a
real office, some people would ______AGREE____ that someone of my age could be a boss, but
when I work online, nobody cares how old I am.” 41
Grammar
Tim liked going to the zoo. One day his mother said: “We’re going to a different place today,
Tim. It’s an animal shelter. I’m sure you ______LIKE______ it.” The place was much
_____SMALL_____ than a zoo, but clean and well kept. There were volunteers in special
uniforms. One of them showed Tim and his mum round the shelter. Lots of animals
_____KEEP_____ there. Cats and dogs made up most of the population, but there were also
horses, monkeys, _______FOX_____ and other animals. Each of the animals had its own story
written on a sign next to its cage or enclosure. All the stories were sad – the animals had either
been abandoned by ____THEY______ owners or saved by the animal police from cruel
treatment. ‘If people ______BE______ more responsible for their pets, we wouldn’t have so
much work here,” the volunteer remarked. “But unfortunately some people
_____NOT/UNDERSTAND____ that animals are not toys.” Tim’s mother thanked the volunteer
and ______MAKE______ a donation. Shelters always needed money to pay for the animals’
food and medical care. On the way home Tim told his mother that he ____WANT____ to go to
the shelter again, not only to watch but also to help the volunteers.
Word formation
Last year I learnt Spanish in Barcelona. Spain is an ____AMAZE____ country and I enjoyed my
time there very much. My flatmates were two girls from Germany. They were nice but
___COMMUNICATE____ was a real problem for us because I didn’t speak German and they
didn’t speak English, my first language. Sometimes we felt absolutely _____HELP_____
because we were not able to understand each other. However, it gave us additional motivation to
learn Spanish! Very soon my teacher told me that I was speaking it ____FLUENT____. He was
happy with my progress. My flatmates’ grades were ______IMPRESS_____ too! It proved that
practice is very important and if you want to speak a foreign language like a native
___SPEAK____, you should practise it a lot. 42
Grammar
July 17th was coming. It would be Mark’s ___THIRTEEN______ birthday. His Mum asked him
what he ___WANT________ as a gift. Mark answered at once that his dream was to have a
telescope to watch the stars. Mum ____SHAKE________ her head doubtfully. She knew that
Mark enjoyed learning about space but a telescope was a ____EXPENSIVE_____ present than
they had planned. After dinner the parents had a discussion about the present. “I think we should
give Mark the telescope,” Dad said.
“But we ___SPEND_______ all our savings already,” Mum responded. “We bought some new
furniture and paid for our holidays. I wish we ____CAN______ buy him this present but we
really can’t.” “I think, we can,” Dad smiled. “Look, I’ve got an old friend, Nick, whose father
was interested in astronomy. His father died many years ago, and Nick keeps all his things in the
attic. I think he ___AGREE______ to sell us his telescope at half price.” Nick
____PLANT_______ roses in the garden when Mum and Dad arrived at his house. “Yes, sure,”
he said. “There are lots of ___BOX______ in the attic. You can take whatever you want for
Mark for free. I’m glad he’s taking up my father’s hobby.”
Word formation
At school, writing essays was a real problem for me, and my grades were always low.
_____NATURAL_____ enough, I didn’t like writing and tried to avoid writing lessons at all
costs. I thought I didn’t have enough ____IMAGINE______ for any kind of writing. I only
understood what my problem was after school. In a ______SCIENCE_____ journal I saw an
article about children’s writing problems. The author claimed that anyone could become a good
_____WRITE______ if they learned some rules. I read and reread the article several times.
Then I tried to use the information in practice. I have never become a professional journalist but
from time to time I publish some pieces of my _____CREATE______ writing on my blog. My
friends find these essays and stories very _____ENJOY____. 43
Grammar
It was a hot summer day. Tom and his mum were heading to the beach. Tom was only wearing
shorts and a pair of sandals on his ____FOOT___ but he felt hot anyway. When they came to the
beach, they found out that the sea ____NOT/BE____ calm – powerful waves were breaking on
the shore. Mum ____STOP____ in hesitation. “It’s fine. I can easily swim in these waves,” Tom
wanted to demonstrate his swimming skills. But his mother said that they ____STAY____ out of
the water till the sea calmed down. Sitting close to ____THEY___ was a boy about Tom’s age.
He was alone because his parents ____LEAVE____ to buy some sandwiches. He came over and
said his name was Gary. His shoulders ____COVER_____ with protective suntan lotion, but
they looked red anyway. “It’s getting ____HOT_____ every minute,” said Gary. “How about a
swim?”
“No way,” Tom’s mother was definitely against the idea and Tom had to obey. “As you like,”
Gary said and headed to the water.
The _____THREE___ wave hit him hard and he lost his balance. Everything was happening
very fast – Gary fell down and went under the water. Fortunately, Tom and his mother were
close enough to get him out in time.
Word formation
Last year I decided to take an English course in Britain. When I called the language school, the
___MANAGE_____ explained to me everything about the school and the courses. They had an
_____IMPRESS_____ range of courses for all levels and ages. As for the accommodation,
there were two options: staying in a student hostel or living with a host family. Naturally enough,
I wanted to choose the _____NATIONAL____ community of the hostel. However, because of
my parents’ strong ______AGREEMENT______ with my choice, I had to stay with the host
family. And I didn’t regret it! My host family was ____WONDER______. They told me a lot
about their country and were very curious about mine. We talked a lot and when I came back
home, I could speak English ____FLUENT____! 44
Grammar
A few years ago I was on a camping holiday in Bristol. There ____BE________ lots of other
girls from around the UK, but I was the only one from Scotland. The camp
____LOCATE______ in the woods, not far from the river. The camp life was even
_____INTERESTING______ than I had expected. We enjoyed all kinds of camping activities –
sports and games, different shows and contests. Everything was fine apart from one incident that
took me aback. Once, at lunchtime, when I ____EAT____ ice cream, one of the girls asked: “So,
do you have ice cream in Scotland?” I ___NOT/KNOW_______ how to react. My neighbour
repeated her question I nodded, “Yes.” My answer provoked a wave of absurd questions about
my country: “Have you ever seen a ghost in your castle?” “Do all Scottish ___MAN_______
wear checked skirts?” I ___FIND_____ out that some people believe silly stereotypes about
Scotland. They believe that Scots really carry bagpipes in ___THEY_______ bags to play the
instrument on the streets, and that Scots practise magic. At last, the girls said that they
___COME_____ to Scotland one day to see it with their own eyes and to separate the truth from
the myths.
Word formation
Yoga is a very popular activity and lots of people practise it nowadays. There is an opinion,
however, that to be ___SUCCESS________ in this activity you should start yoga in early
childhood. This is not true! You can start yoga at any time in your life. What you really need is
enthusiasm and a good ____TRAIN_______ – yogis often call them a guru. Yoga is not a
______COMPETE_______. You can choose any pace that is ____COMFORT______ for you.
The aim is not to win but to make your body flexible and strong. It’s definitely
_____POSSIBLE_______ to improve your body in a few days. t may take lots of time but it’s
worth the time and effort. Yoga is an _____EFFECT______ way to relax your mind. So it’s
useful not only for your body. 45
Grammar
The academic term was coming to its end and Kate decided to arrange a party to celebrate the
coming holidays. To be frank, there ____BE_____ one more reason for the party. Kate wanted
her classmates to meet someone from her family. She was sure it would impress ___THEY____
and would help her popularity. Kate ___MAKE____ sandwiches in the kitchen when Hugo came
in. “It looks like I’m the ___ONE____ guest, doesn’t it?” Hugo looked embarrassed. “Sorry for
coming so early.” “Oh, it’s ok,” said Kate, “Come in! You ____HELP____ me in the kitchen,
won’t you?” “Sure,” Hugo entered the room and ____STOP____ in surprise. “Are you saying
you made all this yourself?” On the table there was a huge pie. It ____DECORATE____ with
different fruit and looked fantastic. “No,” Kate looked pleased with his reaction. “My cousin
helped me. She____LEAVE____ for the shop. She’ll be back any minute. The front door opened
and a girl entered. Hugo understood that he ___SEE____ her many times in different TV
programmes for teenagers.
“A TV star?” Hugo sounded so silly that both girls burst out laughing.
Word formation
I arrived in Liverpool in the afternoon. It was a ______RAIN______ day but the weather
couldn’t spoil my excellent mood I was in Liverpool! Many people associate this city with the
_____FAME_______ musical band, the Beatles. It’s true, the Beatles are everywhere, but today
it’s also _____POSSIBLE________ to imagine Liverpool without its other great passion:
football! The city is home to two teams: Liverpool and Everton. Everton is older and was more
____SUCCESS_______ in the past, but since the 1990s it has been Liverpool’s time to shine.
I’ve been Liverpool’s _____SUPPORT______ since I was a small boy. The team is based at the
Anfield Stadium. I have watched games there twice. It was very ______EXCITE_______ and it
was one of the most important memories of my childhood. 46
Grammar
Cindy liked parks. She took long walks in the nearby park almost every day. Her classmates,
however, ___NOT/SHARE______ her interest and Cindy usually walked alone. Cindy’s parents
worried that she ___HAVE_______ no friends. “I wish you _____SPEND_______ more time
with your classmates. Don’t you feel bored in the park?” “It’s ok, Mum, I just feel much
____GOOD_______ alone than with people who can’t understand me,” Cindy usually answered.
“Parks are a lot more fun to spend time in than hanging out in a shopping centre.” And her
mother didn’t know what to say. One day, Cindy returned from the park very excited. “Guess,
who I met in the park!” she said, and she told her parents the whole story. “I ____WALK______
along the central avenue when I saw a group of people. They _____BE______ students of the
Biology faculty of the university. They told _____I______ about the plan to rearrange the park.
A large lake is going to be made in the centre. There will be wild animals there like hares,
squirrels and even ______FOX______. Yesterday, the plan ____APPROVE_____ by the City
Council and work starts tomorrow. I want to join the volunteer team!”
Word formation
The 5th of November is Guy Fawkes Night. This holiday is also known as Bonfire Night as
lighting bonfires is an essential part of the ____CELEBRATE___. _____NATURAL____, it’s
one of the favourite holidays for children – they simply can’t miss the firework display. Most
parents allow their children to stay outdoors till late at night. It would be ____FAIR______ to
make them stay at home when the sky is lit up with colours. However, children should never be
left on their own bonfires and fireworks are potentially ____DANGER___. Emergency reports
say the number of people needing medical care increases on this night. Some of them are
____CARE______ with fire. In spite of the excitement, the children may also catch a cold on
this November night. Warm jumpers, coats and gloves are more ______USE____ than ever. 47
Grammar
As a child, Steven lived in a village. Outside the village there was a house where a strange old
woman and her granddaughter Eliza lived. The ___CHILD____ often played together. One day,
Eliza ___BE____ unusually sad. When Steven was about to leave, the old woman said, “I know
you are friends. But never come to our house again. Never ever!” The girl took the boy to the
gate. “Will you miss me?” she asked. The boy said, “Yes, I will!” To his surprise, the girl said,
“But I won’t! I ___NOT/WANT_____ to see you anymore!” She closed the gate. The next day
the girl ____LEAVE_____ for the city. Steven was upset but he hoped that one day he
____SEE_____ Eliza again. Five years later Steven became a student and moved to the city. He
rented a small apartment on the __ONE___ floor. One day, when he ____WALK_____ to the
university, he saw Eliza. She was sitting on the bench in the park with an icecream in her hand.
He ran up to her and said “Hello! It’s nice to see you again!” But Eliza looked up at
____HE________, stood up and walked away. “I wish I ___KNOW______ what is going on,”
Steven said to himself, and decided to start his own investigation.
Word formation
Choosing a career is one of the most difficult choices we have to make in our lives. There are
lots of interesting and ____EXCITE_______ professions, but which of them is the right choice
for you? Researchers who work in ____EDUCATE_______ and sociology asked people across
the UK what their dream job would be. And the results were quite _____EXPECTED______.
According to the survey, people find modest jobs like charity work or gardening the most
____EXPECTED_______. Often at the top of their list are jobs such as a nurse or a
____TEACH_______. The study also shows that people in the UK are very
_____PRACTICE________ and focus on the dream jobs they have a realistic chance of getting. 48
Grammar
Dylan had a very old car. It was 20 years old. But the faded paint made it look even
____OLD______ than that. It ____BE_________ a shame to drive a car that looked like that and
Dylan took it to a paint shop. There the car ___PAINT_______ dark blue for $200. Dylan was
very pleased with the new look. The only problem was that the car stereo
___NOT/WORK______ properly. Dylan managed to fix it himself. Then one day Dylan had a
new problem – petrol. He could smell it while he ___DRIVE_______ his car. Dylan asked
himself “Am I driving a bomb? Could the car explode at any minute?” He knew the car manual
by heart. He had car problems at least once a month, and he always found a way to fix
___THEY______ himself. However, this time, it was a job for a mechanic. So he
_____TAKE_______ his car to the closest service station. The mechanic said they
____TEST_______ the car to find out what the problem was. He told Dylan to come back in an
hour. When Dylan came back, the mechanic said, «The problem is with the fuel pump. You need
a new one. It costs $400.» «Let me think about it. I ____GIVE________ you a call when I
decide what to do.» But Dylan had already decided what to do.
Word formation
I’ve worked in an office for many years. It’s a very ____STRESS_____ job and recently I’ve
taken up a new hobby gardening. My grandmother was a very good ____GARDEN_____. She
never did gardening as a job but for pleasure and ______ENTERTAIN_____. She had the so
called green fingers the flowers and fruit trees she planted grew very _____QUICK_______. I
wish I were as skillful as she was. It’s a pity my family does not share my interest. My children
____LIKE____ working outdoors. They prefer using the computer indoors. I don’t argue with
them. Arguing and quarrelling makes me feel ___NERVE_____ and unhappy but cannot change
the situation. I hope one day they will join me in the garden. 49
Grammar
Annie was waiting for her guests. Her birthday was on 25th December and she felt this was both
lucky and unlucky. It ____BE______ great to have her birthday on a special day like Christmas.
But, on the other hand, very few of Annie’s friends came to her party. Most of them had family
plans for that day. The doorbell ____RING______ and her classmate, Brian, appeared. He had a
plastic bag in his hand. “Happy birthday, Annie!” Brain said and got an old oil lamp out of his
bag. Annie ___NOT/CAN______ hide her surprise: “What’s this? And where did you buy it?”
“A magic lamp. And I didn’t buy it. It ___FIND______ in the attic of an old country house a
year ago. My friend found it when they ______REPAIR______ the house. He says if you light
the lamp and make a wish, the wish ____COME______ true. It works particularly well with
reasonable wishes that are not too big for the lamp. Its magic is not very strong.” Annie laughed
aloud. “I’ve never got a present ____ORIGINAL_______ than this. Ok, let’s test your lamp.”
Annie lit it and said: “I wish the whole class would come to _____I_______ party today”. As
soon as she ____SAY_______ it, the doorbell rang impatiently.
Word formation
Recently my neighbour Michael Wilkins got a job in sales. However, soon he found out that
being a sales _______MANAGE______ did not make him happy. He had to work long hours,
and the job was ____STRESS______ and demanding. The atmosphere in the office was very
____FRIENDLY______ and the workers often quarreled with each other. So Michael decided to
look for a more ______ATTRACT_______ job. In the local newspaper, he saw an
______ADVERTISE_______ from a pizzeria. It was close to his house and they needed a
waiter. Michael decided to apply and didn’t regret it. “It’s good to feed people. I enjoy seeing
them smile – it’s important, isn’t it?” Michael says. Next week he’s going to take a cooking
course. On completing it, he will be able to make ____TASTE________ pizzas himself! 50
Grammar
Martin and Jane were shopping. They were in the _____LARGE______ shopping centre in their
city. In fact, it was their favourite place because it was nice and not very expensive. The centre
______CALL_______ Dress for Less. Unlike most ____MAN______, Martin liked shopping.
Today he felt really happy because he _____BUY_______ a shirt and a pair of jeans. Jane was
still in the changing room so Martin had time for a cup of coffee in the lobby. It was the first
time Martin had had a good look at the building itself. The shopping centre building
_____BE______ impressive. The engineers had used advanced technologies to make it light,
warm and spacious. “Hi!” Martin _____HEAR______ Jane’s voice. “What are you having?
Coffee? No, I _____NOT/DRINK_____ coffee. Never. It’s not good for your health.” “Look,
Jane, do you know the name of the architect of this building?” Martin interrupted her. Jane
looked puzzled. “I wish we ____CAN_____ change our life a bit,” went on Martin. “We
probably spend too much time on things like shopping and miss more important things. When
was the last time we visited a museum?” Jane quietly sat down on the chair beside
____HE_______.
Word formation
There is a popular opinion that all children are talented. It’s true children are curious and have a
good _____IMAGINE_____. It helps them make ____AMAZE____ things from very routine
objects like stones, leaves, or strips of fabric. Coloured paper, watercolours and pencils stimulate
their ______CREATE____ minds a lot too! However, sometimes parents may
____APPROVE___ of their children’s artistic activities like drawing on the walls and indoor
experiments with fireworks. But _____PUNISH______ is not a good solution! Any art activity
develops children’s brains and stimulates their ability in science. Be _____CARE_____ with
your children’s natural talents. Never stop them doing an activity but instead create an
appropriate and safe environment for it. 51
Grammar
Tom woke up relatively early. But he ____UNDERSTAND____ at once that he was not the first
awake. There was somebody in the kitchen already. Tom went out to inspect, and found that his
dad was there – he ______CUT_____ vegetables. It was rather strange – everyone knew that
dad ____NOT/LIKE_____ cooking. “I wish I ____KNOW____ what you are doing,” he said.
Dad gave ______HE____ a smile and answered “Wait and see.” He pulled out a juicing machine
from the cupboard. Nobody had used it for ages and the machine ____COVER____ with a thin
layer of dust. Tom’s dad washed it and turned it on. Then he put a handful of carrots inside. Next
he added cucumbers and ___TOMATO____. Dad made three large cups of the stuff. He took
one and drank it. He handed the ___TWO____ cup to Tom. To his surprise the juice tasted really
good. “You don’t eat enough vegetables,” his dad said. “If you don’t like eating them, you’ll
probably like drinking them.” Tom nodded. It was definitely _____GOOD____ than the stewed
vegetables his mum cooked almost every day.
Word formation
Early in her reign, Queen Victoria and her husband, Prince Albert, had a plan to hold a great
worldwide exhibition of modern art and design. Sir Joseph Paxton, a botanist and landscape
___DESIGN_____, won the competition to create the central exhibition hall. The
_____BUILD____ he produced is still admired by architects today. Although at that time many
thought it was ________POSSIBLE_____ to realize such a project. In 1851, Paxton constructed
his Crystal Palace – an ____AMAZE_____ glass and iron pavilion, over a third of a mile long,
with 800,000 square feet of floor space. The construction was an ultramodern iron frame with
glass panels. The exhibition was very _______SUCCESS____ – it drew over six million
visitors. _____UNFORTUNATE_____, it was taken apart in 1854. 52
Grammar
The camel was very thirsty. His last drink had been weeks ago. His feet sank in the hot sand and
he _________CAN_________ hardly move. «When will I reach water?» he thought. «And I
_________NOT/EAT_________ for ages.» It was obvious that if the camel didn’t find any water
and food soon, he _________DIE_________. He made a few steps toward another dune. It was
________EASY__________ to walk along the top of a hill, than along the bottom. At last he
_________SEE_________ something green in the distance. Was it a mirage or an oasis? He
hoped for the best and the hope helped _________HE_________ move faster. Soon, that distant
green colour turned into real trees and grass. There _________BE_________ a small stream of
water and some palm trees that gave shade. Their wide _________LEAF_________ could
protect the camel from the sun’s rays. Though the sun __________SHINE________, it didn’t
burn anymore. Unfortunately, it was impossible to stay there forever. A short rest and the camel
had to move on towards his destination.
Word formation
Ray Kurzweil is a very popular figure in the field of science. He is a leading computer
_____SCIENCE_____ who has made lots of predictions about the future of humanity. So far he
has written six books about artificial intelligence, and four of them have become
___NATION____ best sellers in the USA. Ray strongly believes that soon computer intelligence
will be a billion times more ___POWER_____ than the human brain. However, lots of experts
don’t believe it and say that it is absolutely ___POSSIBLE_____. Kurzweil disagrees with them
and says that we are already a humanmachine civilization. We already use high level technology
to diagnose diseases, provide ____EDUCATE____, and develop new technologies. Kurzweil
thinks that by 2030, computers will do more ___IMPRESS____ tasks. They will be able to
understand ordinary spoken language and show emotions. 53
Grammar
Robbie’s dog Roxy was smart. At least Robbie _________THINK_________ so. Robbie had
found him on a street. The puppy looked cold and unhappy. Robbie took the puppy home and
fortunately his mum _________NOT/MIND_________ it. One day Robbie saw the ‘Dogs’
contest’ advert. According to it, all dogs that were able to perform tricks could participate. «I
wish Roxy ________KNOW__________ some tricks”, Robbie thought. “But Roxy can’t
perform any.” He decided to take Roxy to the contest anyway, not as a participant but as a
viewer. There _________BE_________ lots dogs on the contest ground. The collars of some
dogs ________DECORATE__________ with medals. The contest started, and the judge threw a
ball. Roxy suddenly pulled away from Robbie and began running fast. He was the
_________ONE_________ dog to catch the ball and he didn’t forget to bring it back to the
judge! “The winner is the dog with no entry name on my list. Whose dog is this?” asked the
judge. “It’s _________I_________ dog.» said Robbie. The judge handed Robbie a small
symbolic medal and a certificate for free dog food. “Congratulations! You
________WIN__________!” said Robbie to Roxy and gave him a big hug. “Let’s go home and
celebrate. Mum will be surprised when she ________LEARN__________ the news.”
Word formation
‘Surfers Against Sewage’ (SAS) was founded in 1990 by water sports enthusiasts in the UK.
They are an environmental ______ORGANIZE______ that tries to protect the UK’s oceans and
beaches. They say that it may be really _____RISK______ to swim in the seas, and even
sunbathe on the beaches because of the pollution. When SAS appeared, it informed people about
the problem in quite an _____USUAL______ way. They went to public events with their
surfboards and handed out leaflets. They _____QUICK____ attracted the attention of the media
and people of Britain. They even managed to put pressure on the _____GOVERN_____ to
forbid dumping waste in the sea, rivers and lakes. The campaign was indeed
______SUCCESS_____. Officials agreed to spend 8.5 billion pounds on cleaning up Britain’s
seas and rivers. 54
Grammar
Most people love jokes. A good joke can break the ice and make the conversation enjoyable. My
friend’s hobby is collecting jokes. When he _________HEAR_________ a good joke, he writes
it down on a special card. The cards _________KEEP_________ in a box in his room. When I
visit _________HE_________, I never miss a chance to read a joke from his collection.
Yesterday’s joke was about famous detectives. Here it is. One day Sherlock Holmes and Dr
Watson went camping. They put up a tent, made a fire and had a good dinner of meat and
_________POTATO_________. That night, Holmes _________WAKE_________ up and
asked: «Watson, look up and tell me what you see.» Watson said that he
__________SEE________ millions of stars. «And what does it tell you?» Holmes went on his
interrogation. «Well, if we apply our deductive method, we’ll come to several conclusions.
Astronomically, there are billions of planets. My ________TWO__________ conclusion is
astrological – I observe Saturn in Leo. And, meteorologically, it’ll be a beautiful day tomorrow. I
wish we _________HAVE_________ this kind of weather more often in this country. And what
does the sky tell you, Holmes?» Holmes was silent for a moment and then said, «Someone
_________STEAL_________ our tent!»
Word formation
Shepherd’s pie started as an old English recipe. The pie gained _____POPULAR_____ in the
middle ages. During the reign of Elizabeth I, mince meat pie became a musthave food,
probably, because it was easy to cook, ____HEALTH______ and tasty. Until the 16th century
potatoes were ____MAIN______ known as pig food. But later they were accepted as a
____BASE____ food in Europe. The Shepherd’s pie recipe changed to include potatoes as an
ingredient. And the fame of the dish doubled. Now Shepherd’s pie is considered to be a
____TRADITION_____ British food but similar recipes can be found in other countries,
although they may have different names. In Canada, for example, a ____WAIT____ in a
restaurant would present it to tourists as Chinese pie. 55
Grammar
TIME is a weekly magazine published in New York. In 2010 the magazine ____CHOOSE____
Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg as Person of the Year. Everything began in February 2004,
when Zuckerberg was still a student at Harvard. He made an online platform to connect college
other
students.
helped ____THEY_____
to
It
learn and socialise.
Soon,
_____UNIVERSITY____ joined Facebook and then it became popular with a much wider
audience. Today Facebook _____USE_____ by over a billion people. They play games, find
friends, learn the news, and share photos there. Not everyone, however, _____THINK____
Facebook is a good thing. My _____GOOD_____ friend, Nicky, believes that I spend too much
time online, on social networks. “I wish you ____SPEND____ more time with your real
friends,” he keeps saying. Last Saturday when Nicky came to my place to discuss a school
problem, I ____CHAT____ online. He waited for a while but then left without saying a word.
And he ____NOT/CALL_____ since then. I feel I’ll probably have to change my habits if I want
to have real friends, not only virtual ones.
Word formation
St Patrick is the patron saint of Ireland. St Patrick is _____FAME_____ for his heroic deeds.
People gladly believe in ______AMAZE____ tales about St Patrick and don’t look for any
historical evidence to prove them. And the facts often _____AGREE______ with the tales. For
example, an old legend says that St Patrick drove all the snakes out of Ireland. This myth is
actually untrue. At the time snakes appeared on the planet, Ireland was _____COMPLETE_____
covered by water. Now it is an island which means it is surrounded by water. The water makes it
____POSSIBLE____ for snakes to get to the island. The same _____SITUATE____ is true for
New Zealand, Greenland, and many other islands. 56
Grammar
This story happened long ago. My son was six and we lived in an old house near a large park.
There ____BE_____ lots of people in the park at weekends and we enjoyed walking and playing
there too. One day, my son _____BRING____ an injured bird from the park. It was a crow. Its
wing ____BREAK____ and the bird could not fly. I didn’t know what to do with the crow, but
my son said that he _____TAKE_____ care of it. “If you were a couple of years ___OLD_____,
you could manage it. But I doubt you can do it now,” I tried to talk him out of keeping the crow
but finally agreed to take the bird home. The next day we took the crow to the vet. The vet fixed
and bandaged the wing and explained to ____WE_____ what medicines we should give to the
bird. “Ok,” he said, as we left, “I ____DO______ everything I can. There’s no need to bring this
crow here any more. The bird is young and strong, and I think it ____RECOVER____ soon. This
is the good news. The bad news is that it will never be able to fly again.” “We’ll see,” my son
____NOT/WANT___ to agree with this fact too easily.
Word formation
The festival of Halloween has its roots in Celtic traditions. Over 2,000 years ago the Celts in
Britain had a special holiday in late October to mark the _____BEGIN_____ of winter. Another
autumn _____CELEBRATE____ was connected with the passing of the dead. These two events
later became Halloween. On Halloween children often dress up as ghosts, witches and monsters
and go around people’s houses, asking for sweets. In most cases the ghosts and witches are not
frightening at all, they are even _____FUN______! But remember that if the children don’t get
the sweets, they may play some ____PLEASANT_____ joke, for example splash some water on
you. Pumpkins also ______SYMBOL_____ Halloween. People ____USUAL____ make
lanterns from them. 57
Grammar
I remember my uncle Thomas very well. My mum says I can’t because I was a little girl, only
three at the time. But my memories of him are still very vivid. Uncle Thomas was a sailor. When
he returned from his last trip, he brought several large ____BOX___ with him. Inside there
____BE____ bits of wood, metal, and painted cloth. “What is it for?” I asked my uncle. He
______GIVE_____ me a broad smile and said: “Have your breakfast first and then come to the
backyard. You _____SEE____ everything with your own eyes.” When I came to the backyard,
Uncle Thomas ___READ____ an instruction manual. It took all his attention because the manual
____WRITE____ in Spanish, a language my uncle didn’t know very well. All in all, it took
_____HE_____ a couple of weeks to assemble the object from the parts. To all my questions he
said that it was a machine that _____CAN_____ fly like a bird. I was probably the only one in
the family who took his words seriously. They could never believe that soon we were going to
see one of the ____ONE____ airplane flights in the country.
Word formation
There are lots of products that help us fight bad moods and depression. If you feel down and
____SLEEP____, just get a bar of dark chocolate from the fridge. Chocolate will improve your
mood and you’ll feel ______CHEER_____ and happy again. This ____INFORM____ is often
used in chocolate adverts. Unfortunately, we can’t use this method too often. The positive effect
does not last long. Meanwhile chocolate is not _____HARM_____ food. It contains fat and
sugar which can make you overweight. Some people may also be allergic to chocolate and it can
affect their _____APPEAR______, causing skin problems. The alternative and
_____ABSOLUTE___ safe method to fight depression is doing sport. It can be recommended to
everyone! 58
Grammar
English, Welsh, Scottish… all these languages sound familiar. But I’m sure you
___NOT/HEAR__ of Cornish. I wish I ____KNOW____ it, like my Granny does. Cornish is a
Celtic language, used in Cornwall, a county in southeastern England. ____CENTURY____ ago,
when the AngloSaxons invaded Britain, many Celts moved to the mountain areas. Some Celts
even _____LEAVE___ the country completely and settled in France. Speakers of Cornish stayed
in the southwest. There the language _____SPEAK_____ until the late 1700s. But the number
of speakers got smaller and the language almost disappeared. At the beginning of the
____TWENTY____ century, academics became interested in Cornish and started to study the
ancient texts. From those old documents they managed to restore the language! Nowadays, if
you visit Cornwall, you will hear a lot of it. The language is offered as an option in many
universities, and students ____THEY____ choose to learn it. Like I did. I think it’s the
____DIFFICULT____ language I have ever learnt, but it’s interesting and it sounds very nice. I
believe the Cornish language ____SURVIVE___.
Word formation
It’s not at all surprising that weather is a favourite topic for many people around the world. It
affects where we choose to live, what we wear, our moods, and perhaps even our
_____NATION____ character. A _____SUN_____ day can blow away the deepest depression.
And a gloomy rainy day can make you feel lonely and ____HAPPY____. ‘I’m feeling a bit
under the weather’ is a common complaint in Britain, _____ESPECIAL_____ on Monday
mornings. The weather can really be ____RESPONSE___ for moods and scientists have proved
this fact. There is a ____CONNECT____ between our mood and the weather we are having. But
remember that good weather will have good effects on your mood only if you spend more than
30 minutes outdoors a day. 59
Grammar
In 2010, a terrible earthquake hit the Haitian city of Léogâne. It was the ___TWELVE_____ of
January, my birthday. It was a normal day in the morning. I _____PREPARE_____ for my party
when the earthquake hit. My first thought was that everybody was going to die. I
____NOT/UNDERSTAND_____ what was happening. It was the _____BAD____ day of my
life so far – I have never felt that scared! After the earthquake I asked my wife: «How are we
going to go on living?» «I have no idea», she said. «But we’re lucky. Our house is still standing,
and thousands of people lost everything, even their ______LIFE______». She was right. We had
to help the others, so we decided to start a charitable fund. At first we _____GIVE_____ it the
name of ‘Hope’ but then changed it. Now our fund _____CALL_____ ‘Seeds for Change’. We
work with small farmers and provide people from rural areas with everything necessary for
farming. They say it helps them a lot. Their gratitude is the best award for _____WE_____. If we
manage to involve more people in our fund, we ___GET___ more impressive results in the
future.
Word formation
Scientists have found that there is a direct _____CONNECT____ between sunshine and our
good mood. They noticed that people are kinder and more ____HELP____ and easygoing when
the sun is out. Sunlight ____DEFINITE____ improves negative moods and makes us feel less
tired and more energetic. On the other hand, very hot weather may cause strong
_____COMFORT____. As a result, we may feel depressed, irritated and even aggressive. On
______RAIN______ days people say they’re less satisfied with their lives. But whatever the
weather is, it’s important to spend enough time outdoors. Fresh air and sports can make any day
feel _____FANTASY____! 60
Grammar
Jenny loved climbing. It was a strange hobby for a girl and her family wanted her to stop it, but
Jenny ___NOT/LISTEN_____ to anybody. «There are still several trees in the garden I haven’t
climbed yet,» Jenny said. One day, she ___CLIMB____ the apple tree in the yard, when she
suddenly slipped and fell down. Jenny ____FEEL_____ a terrible pain and started to cry. Her
mum came outside and saw that her hand was swollen and looked dark. «I wish you
____HAVE____ some other hobby!» she said. «Jenny, please, promise _____I_____ that you’ll
never do this silly climbing again!» Jenny nodded. Her mother took Jenny to the doctor. It turned
out that two of the bones ____BREAK____. For the____ONE____ time Jenny had a cast on her
arm, from her fingers down to her elbow. For several weeks, Jenny had to have the cast on. It
was a huge relief to get it off, finally. At last she could get back to her favourite
____ACTIVITY_____ which were running, swimming, and climbing. But now climbing was
out – Jenny was determined to stick to her promise. “If I break my promise, mum ____GET____
upset. And I don’t want her to feel like this.”
Word formation
People in Britain often talk about climate and weather. They usually complain about their
____CHANGE____ weather. However, there are parts of the world where extreme weather
causes real dangers to the _____POPULATE____. Sandstorms, tornadoes and floods
____REGULAR____ cause massive destruction. Lots of people become ____HOME____. To
prevent this destruction, it’s important to forecast disasters in advance. Japan is the world
____LEAD______ in using new technology for this purpose. The Japanese have also worked out
an _____EFFECT_____ system of informing people: phone companies automatically notify
their customers about emergencies and disasters. These warnings are very efficient, and free of
charge. 61
Grammar
When I was little, I loved reading books written by Roald Dahl. They were my favourite choice
of bedtime story. When Mum asked me what book I wanted, I always ____CHOOSE_____ a
book by Dahl. Mum readily agreed. She said she _____ENJOY_____ reading him too in spite of
the fact that she was an adult and had a very serious job. In those years there _____BE_____ lots
of Dahl’s books in our home library. Then, unfortunately, some of them disappeared but to me he
is still the best children’s author of the ____TWENTY_____ century. Roald Dahl started as an
adult writer. His first book ___PUBLISH___ in 1942. Later he began writing children’s books.
Many of the ___STORY___ are based on Dahl’s own childhood memories. Several of his books
are now successful films, for example ‘Matilda’, ‘Charlie and the Chocolate Factory’ and
‘Fantastic Mr Fox’. I’m sure you ___SEE____ at least one of them! When you shop for
children’s books, Dahl is the _____EASY____ choice. His books are entertaining and full of
jokes. Roald Dahl is an author that you can never grow tired of. Now I read his books to my son.
He is too small yet and cannot read ____HE____.
Word formation
In 2005 the rock group The Rolling Stones released an album called ‘A Bigger Bang’. Many
critics chose it as their favourite. This isn’t very ____SURPRISE___, but just think, it’s their
25th album, and the Rolling Stones have been on the stage for more than 40 years! The lead
____SING____, Mick Jagger, the guitarist Keith Richards and the other musicians are over 60!
And they are not losing their ___POPULAR____, even nowadays. However, they are still much
more ____FAME____ for the songs they made in the 1960s and 70s. But, you know what?
Young people _____REGULAR____ listen to the Rolling Stones with their fathers and
granddads. Isn’t that_____IMPRESS____? In all aspects, theirs has been a remarkable career. 62
Grammar
I’m studying Italian in a summer school in Tuscany. I arrived a few days ago. It’s my
_____ONE_____ trip to Italy. I like this country very much though I _____NOT/SEE_____ its
main tourist attractions yet. Actually it was my mum’s idea to send me here. In her opinion Italy
is the ____INTERESTING____ country in the world. And she also said that it
_____HELP_____ me improve my Italian in reallife communication. Yesterday, while I
_____HAVE______ dinner in the cafeteria, four other students sat at the same table. We got
acquainted. Two of them were Argentines, then a Russian and a Greek. A mix of cultures! We
started chatting in Italian, laughing, telling jokes and sharing our life _____STORY____. It was
lots of fun. I even started to speak Spanish with the Argentines, and our sentences became a
mixture of both Italian and Spanish. But it did not matter at all! No problem. We easily
____UNDERSTAND_____ each other. I wish all people _____SPEAK___ foreign languages.
The more languages you know – the better. Languages help ______WE______ understand the
culture and mentality of other people. And they help us make friends.
Word formation
They say that pop music is created by and for young people. It often happens this way. A young
____SING_____ makes one or two good records at the start of their career. Every year, lots of
new stars become ____FAME____ but for a short time. And just a year or two later they either
____APPEAR___ or make less interesting records. It is difficult to find musicians who could
make great records for a long time. Lots of popular groups from the 1970s, for example, are still
better known for the songs they made in their ____SUCCESS____ past than for their more
recent recordings. Some performers leave the stage but don’t lose their ____POPULAR____.
They continue to appear ___REGULAR___ on TV as presenters, or in chat and reality shows. 63
Grammar
Mike Fay is a famous biologist. He is wellknown for his 2,000mile walk across Africa. It
____TAKE_____ him 455 days. His expedition started in 2001. It ____ORGANIZE_____ to
draw attention to the African forests. During his expedition Mike Fay made several films about
the beauty of the forests. He said they were the _____WONDERFUL____ natural sights he had
ever seen. His films _____BE____ a success. Thanks to them the governments of several
African countries agreed to create 13 national parks. Mike commented that 26,000 square
kilometres of the forest were saved for the future and for our ____CHILD____. At the moment
Mike works for the National Geographic. Recently he ____COMPLETE_____ several projects
for the magazine. His job involves lots of travelling, which is sometimes not very safe. Not long
ago, Mike came face to face with an elephant which attacked ______HE_____. Mike was
injured but luckily not seriously. But danger could never stop Mike. “I wish everyone
_____UNDERSTAND_____ that life is a very delicate thing. If we go on in the same
irresponsible way, we ____KILL_____ all life on the planet, and ourselves too”.
Word formation
In Moscow, there are approximately 35,000 dogs living on the streets. Some of these
____HOME____ animals were born there. Others are just _____LUCKY____ pets that have
been abandoned by their owners. For many dogs the city may be a ____DANGER___ place to
live in. However, scientists were surprised to find out how ____EASY____ some animals can
adapt to urban life. Some dogs have even learnt to use the city’s metro system! We still don’t
know how the dogs find out when to get off the train. One ___SUGGEST___ is that they use
their excellent sense of smell to recognise the scents of their favourite destinations. Another idea
is that they are able to remember the design of ___DIFFER___ stations and find the station they
need. 64
Grammar
A robot is a special kind of machine that follows the instructions coming from a computer. A
robot ___NOT/MAKE______ mistakes and it never gets tired. Robots are all around
___WE_____. Robots make cars, explore dangerous places, clean things, answer telephone calls.
Some of them can even take care of _____CHILD____ and elderly people. If we didn’t have
robots, our life _______BE______ less comfortable and more dangerous. According to the
dictionary, the word ‘robot’ _____MEAN_______ ‘compulsory labour’. The word ‘robot’
____USE________ for the first time in a science fiction play in 1920. The robot from that play
was a destructive machine that finally_____DESTROY_____ the human race. However, in real
life, robots are still obedient to people. As for robots, the most enthusiastic nation is the
Japanese. By now they ____CREATE____ a quarter of the world’s robots. And they have very
ambitious plans for the future. The Japanese engineers think that soon robots
___REPLACE_______ 3,5 million workers in their country.
Word formation
Most graffiti street artists are anonymous. However there are some artists who have become
globally ___FAME___. Like the twin brothers from Brazil who call themselves Os Gemeos.
They paint everything from small images to huge, ___COLOUR___ pictures of people on
buildings. Another celebrity among graffiti artists is Blek le Rat from Paris. He paints pictures of
___HOME___ people. In this way he hopes to encourage residents to think ____SERIOUS___
about the problems of these people. Another wellknown artist is Faith 47 from Cape Town. She
paints big bright pictures of people and animals. The works of this ___PAINT____ can be found
on pavements, empty factory buildings, and abandoned cars. It is ____POSSIBLE____ to predict
how street art will develop in the future but we can be sure that it is here to stay! 65
Grammar
Lucky, a big black cat, went missing shortly after our family moved to a new house. He was
curious and enjoyed exploring the environment. It often made us worry about ____HE______.
Mum often said “I wish our Lucky ______BE______ less curious. I feel better when he is in the
house, safe and lazy.” As we ______NOT/CAN_____ keep him at home, we made him wear a
special tag. Our address ____WRITE_____ on it in large printed letters. Mum said: “If one day
Lucky gets missing, the tag ____HELP____ us find him”. Lucky disappeared on the
____THREE____ day after moving house. We looked for the cat everywhere. We asked all our
new neighbours about him. We even asked all the _____POLICEMAN____ in our district if they
had seen him. But nobody had seen a cat that looked like our Lucky. In the end, we
______LOSE_____ hope. Two weeks later I was passing by our old house. On the porch there
was a cat that looked strikingly like Lucky. And it was Lucky! I grabbed him and brought him
home. “Mum, look who I _____FIND____!” I cried to mum. “The new owner told me the cat
had been waiting for us in our old house. Nobody could inform us about him because the address
on the cat’s tag is our old address.”
Word formation
Kelly’s family loved to watch football together. Sometimes they watched college games, but
normally they watched ____PROFESSION_____ teams play. This evening was special. Two
teams were playing in the final match of the ___CHAMPION____. Kelly’s favourite team had
actually got to the final this year, which ____RARE_____ happened. «They’re going to win for
sure! It will be ___FAIR_____ if they lose!» Kelly thought. Watching the football game needed
the presence of the whole family and lots of tasty food. So Kelly’s mum had made barbecue
meatballs. Uncle Jolyon had brought a ____SPICE___ cheese sauce and chips. Aunt Katie
brought some cakes. When the game started, everyone cheered. It seemed to Kelly that every
____PLAY_____ of her team was doing their best to winwinwin! And they did! 66
Grammar
A few days ago Kim’s family moved house. Kim had very mixed feelings about it. On the one
hand, she _____FEEL_____ happy with her new room. It was larger than the room she used to
live in. Everything in this room __ARRANGE_____ in Kim’s favourite colours and according to
her taste. The flat was on the _____FIVE_____ floor in an old brick building. From her window
Kim could see the large garden, which now was covered with bright yellow ______LEAF____,
and the tiled roofs at a distance. “I’d be very happy if I ____LIVE_____ here,” Kim’s friend,
Jessica, said when she visited her for the first time. “And how is your new school?” she asked,
still admiring the fresh wallpapered walls with a few framed photos on _____THEY______.
“You ______MAKE_____ new friends there, right?” These words made Kim feel nervous. “No,
not yet.” she answered. Then she said that she ____GO_____ to her new school only the next
Monday and that the school looked nice and modern and there was a swimming pool in it. What
Kim ___NOT/TELL____ her friend was that she was awfully afraid of going there and meeting
her new classmates and teachers.
Word formation
The Nobel Prize is a very prestigious award. Alfred Nobel, a successful businessman and the
_____INVENT_____ of explosives, established prizes for achievements in science, literature
and economics. Another award, the Oscar, is ____PROBABLE____ the most famous prize in
the film industry. The ceremony is an ____IMPRESS____ event with lots of film stars. There are
lots of musical awards – Grammies, Brits, and the MTV awards for music, the list is
____END_____. In Britain, a writer who wins the Booker prize can expect to see their novel at
the top of the bestseller lists and compete with ‘The Da Vinci Code’ for _____POPULAR____.
The Turner Prize is an award for British contemporary artists, and each year it causes heated
discussions. Artists get lots of money for their ____USUAL____ and sometimes even strange
works. 67
Grammar
Jeff woke up late. The house was very quiet and Jeff _____UNDERSTAND_____ that he was
alone there. He got up and headed to the kitchen. There ___BE_____ nobody in it but he felt the
delicious aroma of fresh baking. A large bowl of doughnuts was on the table. It
____COVER_____ with a white kitchen towel but Jeff could not resist it and pulled out a
doughnut. When he was consuming his ____FIVE____ one, his grandmother appeared at the
doorway. She _____WEAR_____ light working trousers, a Tshirt, and an old straw hat. Jeff
guessed that she had been working on ____SHE_____ roses, in the front garden. “Fine, you
____WAKE____ up at last!” said Granny, “But why are you still undressed? Go and wash and
get dressed immediately!” Jeff remembered that Granny had always been very strict about the
morning routine. She never allowed her grandchildren to look untidy or avoid brushing their
____TOOTH______. “Okok, just a second,” laughed Jeff picking up another doughnut and
retreating through the other door. “I ____COME____ back as soon as I am ready.”
Word formation
Ecotourism is getting more and more popular. It offers two things at once: ____EDUCATE____
and entertainment. Most people agree that ecotourism is the most _____HARM_____ branch of
tourism. It makes profit without destroying ______NATURE_____ resources. When tourists
choose eco trips, they stay in local houses with local people, not in _____EXPENSE_____
hotels. They travel on foot, by boat, bicycle or elephant to avoid pollution. However, such trips
are not at all cheap. This is ____PROBABLE____ the only disadvantage. But you can apply the
principles of ecotourism every time you go on a normal holiday. You should remember that
you’re only a ____VISIT_____ and be as careful as possible. 68
Grammar
My mum calls me Snow White. It was my ____ONE_____ nickname but it stuck to me forever.
And it’s not because I love the fairy tale about the princess and the seven dwarfs. It’s because my
skin is very sensitive and intolerant to the sun. Every time it is exposed to the sun’s rays, it
_____GET____ red and swollen. I can’t really recognize _____I______ in the mirror. Mum says
that from my very early days I differed from all the other _____BABY____ around and needed
special care. Whenever we went for a walk, she _____HAVE____ to apply sun protective lotion
all over my face and the parts of the body that were not covered with clothes. I grew older but
the situation didn’t get any ____GOOD____. Until now I ___NOT/FIND___ a medicine to cure
my strange illness. My skin problem is not a serious thing of course, but it doesn’t allow me to
do everything I want. I wish I ____CAN_____ sunbathe, windsurf and play beach volleyball
with my friends. But all I can do is watch them from the shade. According to our family legend,
it ____RAIN____ hard at the moment when I was born. Since that time, rainy days have always
been my luckiest.
Word formation
Ireland is the country of myths and legends. Even the local people are not sure which of them
were based on facts and which are the product of someone’s ____CREATE____ imagination.
Leprechauns are ____PROBABLE____ the most famous characters from Irish mythology. They
are depicted as old bearded men. Their ____RESPONSIBLE____ is to guard the treasure of the
fairies. Unfortunately, rainbows always point to the _____LOCATE____ of the treasure and the
Leprechaun must rehide it. And there are plenty of rainbows in Ireland! Leprechauns are always
busy. They are always very ____CARE____ and try to be invisible to people. But if you manage
to catch some ____LUCKY___ Leprechaun, he must either give you his treasure or grant you
three wishes. 69
Grammar
I play the violin in the college orchestra. Last month we ____TAKE_______ part in a music
festival in France. I worried a lot before we left for France as I had never been away from home
for so long. Mum tried to encourage ___I____. She said that we ____PERFORM___ well. And
she was right. We performed very successfully. It was a great journey though there
_____BE_________ some things I missed very much while being in France. One of them was
my favourite mug. Without it, neither tea nor soup tasted like at home. Another thing was the
warmth. The floor in my room at home ___COVER___ with a thick carpet. In our place in
France the floor was icy cold with no carpet at all. My _FOOT___ were always cold. “If it goes
on like this, I __CATCH___ a cold,” I told my roommate, Cathy. “I wish I __HAVE____ a pair
of woolen socks. But I left them at home.” “You can take mine if you want,” said Cathy. I
thanked her but her socks were two sizes ___SMALL__ than I needed!
Word formation
It’s obvious that language skills are essential for everyone today. Foreign languages are very
_____USE_______ not only for travelling, but also for studying and building a career. There are
lots of ___DIFFER_____ ways to learn a new language. However, everyone agrees that learning
languages is ____POSSIBLE____ without dictionaries. The main job of any dictionary is to
explain what words mean. This can be done via ____TRANSLATE_____ or the unknown word
can be explained in other words. It’s also good if the dictionary contains some examples of how
the word is used – it helps to understand the ____MEAN_____ much better. If you are a busy
_____LEARN_______, you probably prefer online dictionaries to paper ones. Online
dictionaries are very convenient to use if you have Internet access. 70
Grammar
I was happy to take part in the exchange programme and to go to college in Britain. An
opportunity to spend two ____MONTH_______ in London sounded fantastic. Our teacher told
us that we ____LIVE____ in a student hostel. It was going to be ___CONVENIENT____ than
staying with a host family as the hostel was very close to the college. When we arrived in
London, the ___ONE__ thing we had was a bus excursion round the British capital.
Unfortunately, when we ___PASS____ Westminster Abbey, it started to rain hard. We had to go
down to the lower level of our doubledecker and we ____NOT/MANAGE____ to enjoy the
wonderful sights. Anyway, London is very impressive. People from all over the world live there.
Some of __THEY____ come as tourists, others choose this place to study or to work in. It is a
dynamic multicultural city, though there ___BE____ so many historical buildings in it.
Amazingly, many of the houses __BUILD____ centuries ago!
Word formation
My friend, Mary, is an extraordinary girl. She has always tried new things – new sports and new
hobbies. She says life should be _____INTEREST_______ and it should change all the time.
Now she has a new idea – she wants to be a firefighter. You may say that it is not a job for girls,
but Mary will ___AGREE_____ with this. In her opinion, putting out fires is a
____DANGER_____ job but women are able to do it too. She has enrolled in a special training
school where they learn skills and study firefighting ____EQUIP_____. The teenagers in the
camp also learn how to work as a team, which is a very ___USE_____ skill wherever you work.
And Mary is sure her team will be effective in any ___SITUATE_____.
Задание №11179.
Грамматика и лексика. ОГЭ по английскому
Преобразуйте слово, написанное заглавными буквами, так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.
It all started in 1865. A group of Frenchmen were having dinner in one of the most ___ (FASHION) restaurants near Paris.
Решение:
It all started in 1865. A group of Frenchmen were having dinner in one of the most FASHIONABLE restaurants near Paris.
Все началось в 1865 году. Группа французов ужинала в одном из самых фешенебельных ресторанов под Парижем.
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Источник: ФИПИ. Открытый банк тестовых заданий
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Тест с похожими заданиями
Word formation is an essential part of any English language assessment and should be treated as a priority. Word formation refers to the word families, meaning the different forms of a single word (noun, verb, adjective, adverb). Word formation is a key part of all levels of language use from A1 to C2. You should always learn all the forms of the words with the START method to consolidate them and follow our word formation list to help memorise them.
To make the learning of word formation easier, it is recommendable to focus on the word class. A good thing to do is know the different forms of the word to enhance your writing skills. For example; know (I know a lot of English vocabulary) or knowledge (I have a vast knowledge of English vocabulary.
We have created a tick list so that you can mark them off as you learn
Contents:
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
- G
- H
- I
- K
- L
- M
- N
- O
- P
- R
- S
- T
- U
- V
- W
A:
- On account of his __________ (ABSENT), we can´t hold the meeting
- Your behaviour was completely __________ (APPROPRIATE)
- I find her extremely __________ (ATTRACT) to tell the truth
- I have the __________ (ABLE) to get really good at this language
- That can’t be right, I believe your calculations to be __________ (ACCURATE)
- I could do with some __________ (ASSIST) on the issue
- When you have a job interview, your __________ (APPEAR) is really important
- The technology at our disposal is really __________ (ADVANCE) nowadays
- It is healthy as it has no __________ (ADD) sugar
- I am extremely __________ (ADDICT) to my mobile phone
- I had a horrible __________ (Argue) with my brother about Brexit
- __________ (ACT), I can see where you are coming from
- The house is expensive, but __________ (AFFORD)
- Could you give me a piece of __________ (ADVISE), please?
- We have a special __________ (ARRANGE)
B:
- At the __________ (BEGIN) I thought we would never make it on time
- I am not a __________ (BELIEVE) in any spiritual matter
- I am going to die of __________ (BORE) if we don´t go out soon
- I am known for my __________ (BRAVE) in battle
- He is a well-__________ (BEHAVE) child
- There was a __________(BLOCK) in the supply line
- I want to move __________ (BROAD) soonish
- There are loads of __________ (BEG) in my city
- You can put your __________ (BELONG) wherever you like
- I have made a __________ (BOOK) at our favourite restaurant
C:
- It comes from a ___________ (CREDIT) source
- This city is full of bright and __________ (CREATE) students
- Royalty do not mix with the __________ (COMMON)
- I have a very good __________ (COME) and I save most of it
- Can I borrow your phone __________ (CHARGE), please?
- The ___________ (COVER) will take him weeks
- I am __________ (CERTAIN) of its significance
- I would say that the number of __________ (CYCLE) is increasing
- It is a __________ (CHOOSE) between two options
- I have an enormous stamp __________ (COLLECT)
- If you do not have a lot of __________ (CONFIDE), you should fake it
- This is just a __________ (CONTINUE) of what I was saying earlier
- There are a __________ (COMBINE) of factors that need to be considered
- Have you seen the __________ (CONTAIN) that I keep my screws in
- I need to make a few more ___________ (CORRECT) before handing it in
- As far as I __________ (CALL) it is a wonderful place to go with kids
- I would like to make a __________ (COMPLAIN)
D:
- I need to read the full __________ (DESCRIBE) before I form an opinion
- There are many ___________ (DIFFER) things to consider
- I am into reading about __________ (DANGER) animals
- We are now part of an __________ (DEPEND) republic
- I never buy __________ (DESIGN) clothes unless they are on sale
- We ought to make a __________ (DECIDE) pretty soon
- Do not underestimate the power of __________ (DENY)
- Have there been any __________ (DEVELOP) with our project?
- What is the __________ (DISTANT) from here to Bilbao?
- The __________ (DESTROY) of our rainforests is particularly concerning
- The __________ (DETAIN) of the terrorists was the number one priority
- It may come as a __________ (DISAPPOINT) to find that you have failed the exam
- The _________ (DELIVER) can vary by up to 20 days
- Could you help me to _________ (DO) my zip?
- I would lock all of the drug __________ (DEAL) up if I could.
E:
- I seem to learn languages with __________ (EASY)
- He was __________ (EXTREME) lucky to get away with that
- It was an __________ (EMOTION) day for everyone
- I think the __________ (EXCITE) had got the better of me
- It was an __________ (EXCEPT) achievement
- He has a lot of __________ (EXPECT) from his parents after attending a private school
- It seems to be an __________ (EFFECT) form to evaluate the students
- I found the whole experience quite __________ (ENJOY)
- Do we have any sound recording __________ (EQUIP)?
- __________ (ELECTRIC) prices continue to rise
- There is a lot of __________ (EMPLOY) in Spain
- The CEO is great at __________ (EVADE) difficult questions
- The __________ (ERODE) of our coastline is particularly concerning
- Carbon __________ (EMIT) are causing global warming
- There was a huge __________ (EXPLODE) in the North Sea on one of the oil rigs.
- __________ (ENDURE) sports are getting very popular
- I have no formal _________ (EDUCATE), but I make up for it with work experience
- I could tell by the __________ (EXPRESS) on his face that it was a mistake
- My job is a never __________ (END)battle between the clients and our management team
- My annual _________ (EARN) were just over $30,000
F:
- I was __________ (FORTUNATE) not to win the competition
- Is it much _________ (FAR) to the top of the mountain?
- I am __________ (FASCINATE) by everything related to languages
- I am __________ (FEED) up of listening to complaints
- It was a __________ (FANTASY) day out to the zoo yesterday
- I have a very strong __________ (FEEL) of guilt
- What were the surveys __________ (FIND) in the end?
- I have 2000 __________ (FOLLOW) on Facebook
- Hurry up! Our __________ (FLY) leaves in just over an hour
- My __________ (FREE) is the most important thing in my life
G:
- The __________ (GROW) of our tree is quite astounding
- I have __________ (GET) to renew my driving licence
- We had a huge _________ (GATHER) for our school reunion
- I am going to buy this shirt, it is a complete __________ (GAIN)
- I thought that I was a __________ (GO) until the fire brigade rescued me
- We have four __________ (GUESS) staying at our hotel
- I think __________ (GAMBLE) should be illegal.
H:
- I am __________ (HEALTH) than you are
- What is the __________ (HIGH) of Everest?
- The treatment of refugees is __________ (HUMAN)
- ___________ (HAPPY) cannot be bought with money
- I am __________ (HOOK) on a feeling and I am high on believing
- I have a cup __________ (HOLD) in my car
- Do you know how to __________ (HAND) pressure at work?
- Thanks, you have been very __________ (HELP) with my studies
I:
- It is a very __________ (IMPRESS) place to visit
- I have a very serious __________ (ILL)
- What was your __________ (INTEND) when you started the project?
- I have made a remarkable __________ (IMPROVE) with my language skills
- The police were getting information from the __________ (INFORM)
- His __________ (INSIST) of his innocence almost convinced us
- For __________ (INSTANT), where do you want to buy a house?
- It is a very __________ (INTEREST) project
- The worst __________ (INVENT) ever was the mobile phone
- I never buy __________ (IMPORT) fruit and vegetables
- I have a very vivid __________ (IMAGINE)
- I would love to study __________ (ILLUSTRATE) at university
- I have made an important _________ (INVEST) in the football club
- Could you give me the ___________ (INSTRUCT) to make the model
K:
- I have an excellent _________ (KNOW) of spanish history
- I can´t carry on because I am __________ (KNACKER)
L:
- What is the __________ (LONG) of the table?
- I have made a huge __________ (LOSE) in the stock market
- I am an extremely ________ (LUCK) person
- The plane was coming in for __________ (LAND)
- My sister is not a _________ (LIE), but she exaggerates the truth
M:
- It is a __________ (MIX) of a combination of factors
- You need to __________ (MOVE) the plastic packaging
- I need to take a few more ___________ (MEASURE) before I begin
- What would be a ___________ (MEAN) contribution for you?
- My cousin is really ___________ (MATURE)for his age, it´s a shame
- I find it easy to ___________ (MEMORY) new vocabulary
- Can I speak to the __________ (MANAGE), please?
- I need another __________ (MARK) for the board
N:
- It is a wonderful ___________ (NATURE) product
- Tom didn’t understand the _________(NEED) of getting up so early
- We need to find a _________ (NEW) energy source to replace fossil fuels
- My children are playing very __________ (NOISE)
- I have made a __________ (NOTE) improvement
O:
- Is there an __________ (OPEN) at your company? I think I am going to need a new job
- I prefer the __________ (ORIGIN) version of this film
- Sorry for not getting back to you, I have been really __________ (OCCUPY)
- The _________ (OWN) of the white Toyota Verso should report to the office after class
- I find it hard to follow __________ (ORDER)
P:
- I am a very __________ (PICK) eater
- I love going to the countryside, it seems so __________ (PEACE)
- It was a __________ (PLEASE) to meet up with you last week
- I am quite __________ (POPULAR). I am not sure why, maybe I am misunderstood
- It was an incredible __________ (PERFORM) from Muse
- It is not good to be a __________ (PERFECT), you just make everyone feel bad all the time
- I can’t do this, it is __________ (POSSIBLE)
- Happiness is all about __________ (POSITIVE)
- I don’t want a motorbike, they are so _________ (PRACTICAL)
- __________ (PATIENT) is a virtue
- The police do not have any solid __________ (PROVE)
- The __________ (PRODUCT) of cheese in Spain has increased tenfold
- I can’t deal with all of this social __________ (PRESS)
- I feel great ________ (PROUD) in my academic achievements
- I ought to work on my German _____________ (PRONOUNCE)
- The injury was extremely __________ (PAIN) at first
- We should decrease the amount of plastic ____________ (PACK)
- My favourite __________ (PLAY) is Lewis Cook
- When you receive the ________ (PAY), let me know
R:
- I am a big fan of __________ (RECYCLE)
- I have had my car __________ (REPAIR)
- Running a marathon was a __________(REMARK) accomplishment
- You are so __________ (RELY). Why can´t you just tell me that you are going to be late all the time
- Rest and _________ (RELAX) are the most important parts of unwinding
- In __________ (RESPOND) to your letter, I think we should ask for some professional advice
- Local __________ (RESIDE) were shocked by the damage caused in the earthquake
- The loss of civilian lives was __________ (REGRET)
- ___________ (REGARD) the cost of the project, it would be better to take out a loan
- We had first __________ (REFUSE) on buying the property
S:
- Scientists are carrying out a new piece of __________ (SEARCH)
- The __________ (SURROUND) area has seen a great deal of investment in recent years
- I find it hard to control my budget; my ___________ (SPEND) are through the roof
- Thank you for being so __________ (SUPPORT) with my job
- Monaco have sacked Henry and ___________ (STATE) Joachim Low
- It gives me a great deal of ___________ (SATISFY) to support you on this mission
- The ___________ (SUPPORT) of our loyal fans has been crucial
- Why are you __________ (STARE) at me?
- If at first you don’t __________(SUCCESS), lift yourself up and try again
- Do you know the __________ (SOLVE) to question number 14?
- I would love to become a ___________ (SCIENCE)
- The conditions are __________ (SUIT) for the event to go ahead
- Wow, you have really __________ (SURPRISE) me
- I am __________ (SURE) of its true value
- The __________ (STRONG) of the wind prevented us from taking off
- ___________ (SURVIVE) of the fittest was first proposed by Darwin
- I am not a very ___________ (SOCIAL) person
- I am extremely _________ (SENSE) about the issue of child protection
- This house has a lot of __________ (STORE) space
- Do you understand the __________ (SIGNIFY) of your actions?
- May I make a __________ (SUGGEST)?
- My __________ (STUBBORN) will be my downfall
- I like rock music, ___________ (SPECIAL) Led Zeplin
- I am __________ (SHAME) of my behaviour
T:
- Would you do me the favour of telling me the __________ (TRUE)?
- It was a _________ (TYPE) B1 error
- I am a very ___________ (TOLERATE) person
- I was asked to __________ (TEST) in court as an eye witness
- I am not the most __________ (TALK) person in the world
U:
- His behaviour was extremely __________ (USE) and a little bit odd
- It is completely ___________ (UNDERSTAND), don´t worry too much about it
V:
- There is a huge __________ (VARY) in ability in this class
- Can you put your ___________ (VALUE) in the lockers provided?
W:
- An English breakfast is a __________ (WHOLE) meal
- What is the __________ (WIDE) of your car?
- I am worried about my __________ (WEIGH); I should lose some
- Thanks so much for the __________ (WARN) about traffic delays
- We should share the __________ (WIN) with the whole team
- I am __________ (WORRY) about my son´s progress at school
- I have an expensive wireless __________ (WORK) at the office
- I am extremely knackered and ________ (WEAR) out
- I can’t stand his __________ (WINGE)
- Is my computer still under __________ (WARRANT)? I think it is broken
- I find it hard to __________ (WIND) at weekends
Download the answers HERE
Словообразование в английском языке (Word Formation) — это формирование новых слов с помощью приставок, суффиксов, сложения основ и прочих способов. Если вы понимаете, как организовано словообразование в английском языке, осознаете значение ключевых приставок и суффиксов, вам будет гораздо проще набирать словарный запас, читать, понимать английский speech, потому что смысл большого количества слов вы будете узнавать без словаря.
Содержание
- Как изучать словообразование в английском языке
- Способы словообразования в английском языке
- Словосложение
- Конверсия
- Аффиксация
- Английские префиксы
- Словообразование в английском языке — таблица Суффиксов
- Суффиксы существительных
- Существительные, обозначающие лица
- Отвлеченные существительные
- Суффиксы прилагательных
- Суффиксы глаголов
Как изучать словообразование в английском языке
Приставки и суффиксы (совместно их именуют “аффиксы”) — это не тот вариант, когда необходимо браться за учебники, зубрить правила, решать примеры одно за другим. Вполне хватает просто ознакомиться со значением основных приставок и суффиксов, посмотреть примеры.
В этом вам посодействуют таблицы и интеллект-карты (рисунки-конспекты) ниже. В таблицах открывается значение приставок и суффиксов (насколько это допускается), примеры слов, а интеллект-карты — это подобие конспекта, шпаргалки, изготовленных на основе таблиц.
Ознакомившись с материалами, вы заметите, что многие аффиксы подобны русским и порой имеют схожий смысл. Ничего необычного, ведь они прибыли в английский, русский и остальные языки из латинского и греческого, преимущественно это касается аффиксов с научным тоном: deactivate — деактивировать, antivirus — антивирус, counterbalance — противовес, idealism — идеализм. При помощи этой сохранившейся связи между языками, словообразование в английском языке осуществляется без особых проблем.
Способы словообразования в английском языке
- Сложение слов — в случае, когда из двух и свыше независимых слов путем сложения формируются новые фразы: fireman, football-player. Вдобавок новые выражения могут писаться слитно (policeman, notebook, girlfriend), через дефис (copy—book, cinema—goer, mood-) или по отдельности (wood wall, medicine brigade, market place). В подобных maker случаях смысл слова можно разгадать без труда: leather кожа + coat пальто = leathercoat “дублёнка” (кожанное пальто), color — краска +book — книга = coloring—book — раскраска (книжка-раскраска), well — хорошо + paу — платить = well-paid — хорошо финансируемый и т.д.
- Конверсия — когда слово без модификаций делается иной частью речи, к примеру, fish — рыба — to fish — рыбачить, winter зима — to winter — зимовать, flower — цветок — to flower — цвести.
- Трансформация слова с помощью приставки (префикса) или суффикса. В случае, если вы будете понимать значение основных приставок и суффиксов, вы свободно сможете “идентифицировать” слово по известному корню.
Словосложение
Это формирование нового слова из 2‑ух и свыше слов. В русском языке при сочетании двух слов в одно употребляется соединительная гласная о или е (домосед, стихоплет, птицелов). В английском языке пара слов объединяются друг с другом напрямую, притом ударение обычно падает на первое слово.
Например
fireman [ˈfaɪərmən] — fire (огонь) + man (человек) = пожарник
anything [ɛnɪθɪŋ] — any (любой) + thing (вещь) = что-нибудь
to brainwash [ˈbreɪnwɔːʃ] — brain (мозг) + wash (мыть) = промывать мозги.
Примечание
Сложные слова как правило пишутся неразделимо, но порой через дефис, к примеру: green + eye = green-eyed – зеленоглазый.
Конверсия
Это такой прием формирования новых слов, по которому от одной части речи образовывается другая без каких-либо модификаций во внешней форме слова. Самой популярной моделью конверсии считается: существительное -> глагол, к примеру: love — любовь -> to love — любить, work — работа -> to work — работать.
При конверсии 2‑ух- и многосложных существительных, имеющих ударение на первом или втором слоге, в глаголах ударение переносится на последний слог.
Например:
Hammer [ˈhæmər] молоток —> to Hammer[hæˈmər:t] забивать
access (доступ) → to access (иметь доступ)
Популярным случаем конверсии считается трансформация прилагательного в существительное.
Например:
international международный —> the International [,ıntə(:)‘næʃənl] Интернационал
intellectual интеллектуальный —> an intellectual [,ıntı’lektjʋəl] интеллектуал
Аффиксация
Довольно часто слова формируются с помощью присоединение приставок и суффиксов (совместно их именуют аффиксами).
- Приставки (префиксы) меняют значение слов, но само по себе слово в то же время не превращается в другую часть речи. Зная самые употребляемые приставки, вы сумеете угадывать смысл сформированных с их поддержкой слов, если, конечно, знаете начальное слово.
- Суффиксы используются для формирования одной части речи из другой. Понимая какие суффиксы для какой речи свойственны, вы будете свободно понимать, какая перед вами часть речи, следовательно, это упростит понимание слова.
Английские префиксы
- Un- / im- / ir- / il- / dis- / in— — отрицательные префиксы. С их поддержкой формируются слова, полярные по значению: lucky удачный — unlucky неудачный, make делать — unmake разрушать, уничтожать (сделанное), usual обычный — unusual необычный;
- Mis — данный префикс имеет смысл “неправильно, неверно”: information (информация) — misinformation (неверная информация), understand (понимать) — misunderstand (неправильно понять), print (печатать) — misprint (опечатка);
- Re — означает “сделать заново, снова”: try (пытаться) — retry (повторная попытка), read (читать) — reread (перечитать), start (начало) — restart (начать заново);
- Over — указывает на излишнюю степень чего-то: training (тренировка) — overtraining (перетренированность), grow (расти) — overgrow (зарастать — перепастать), work (работать) — overwork (перерабатывать — переутомиться);
- Under — имеет значение “под”: land (земля) — underland (подземелье), underwear (wear — носить) — нижнее белье (то, что носят под одеждой);
- Ex — данный префикс означает “бывший” — ex-governor — бывший губернатор, ex-boyfriend — бывшый парень;
Словообразование в английском языке — таблица Суффиксов
Суффиксы считаются индикаторами частей речи в английском языке, следовательно, их можно разбить на три группы: суффиксы существительных, прилагательных и глаголов. О наречиях говорить особенно нечего, в основной массе случаев они формируются с помощью только одного суффикса ‑ly (quick — quickly).
Суффиксы существительных
Посредством суффиксов формируются существительные, обозначающие лица, и отвлеченные существительные, означающие широкие или общие понятия.
Существительные, обозначающие лица
Суффиксы —er, —or – примыкают к глаголам для обозначения действующего лица | ||
to write – написать | writer – писатель | |
to invent – изобретать | inventor – изобретатель | |
to crush – крушить | crusher – крушитель | |
to train – тренировать | trainer – тренер | |
Суффиксы ‑ism и ‑ist соответствуют суффиксам ‑изм и ‑ист в русском языке, означают идеологии, политические или научные тенденции и их приверженцев | ||
socialism | социализм | |
heroism | героизм | |
terrorism | терроризм | |
Суффикс —ee служит для обозначения лица, на которое направлено действие | ||
to address – адресовать | addressee – адресат | |
to train – тренировать | trainee – практикант, стажёр | |
to pay – платить | payee – получатель платежа | |
Суффикс —ian служит для обозначения национальной принадлежности | ||
Romanian | румын | |
Austrian | австриец | |
Canadian | канадец | |
Norwegian | норвежец | |
Отвлеченные существительные
Суффикс ‑age как правило формирует существительные от глаголов | |
to break – ломать | breakage – поломка |
to band – перевязывать | bandage – бинт, бандаж, повязка |
Суффиксы ‑ance, ‑ence — с их поддержкой существительные образуются от прилагательных с суффиксами ‑ant, ‑ent | |
important – важный | importance – важность |
different – отличающийся | difference – разница |
tolerant – терпимый | tolerance – терпимость |
Суффикс —dom образует существительные от прилагательных и других существительных | |
Bore – скучное занятие | Boredom — скука |
king – король | kingdom – королевство |
Суффикс —hood как правило образует существительные от других существительных | |
Man – человек, мужчина | manhood – мужество |
child – ребенок | childhood – детство |
knight – рыцарь | knighthood – рыцарство |
Суффиксы —ion, —ation, —sion, —ssion формируют существительные от глаголов, при этом порой меняется произношение или написание | |
to invent – изобретать | invention – изобретение |
to abstain – воздержаться | abstention – воздержание |
to impress – впечатлить | impression – впечатление |
Суффикс —ment образует существительные от глаголов | |
to punish – наказывать | punishment – наказание |
to argue – спорить | argument – довод, спор, обсуждение |
Суффикс —ness образует существительные от прилагательных | |
cute – милый | cuteness – привлекательность |
dark – тёмный | darkness – темнота |
happy – счастливый | happiness – счастье |
Суффикс —ship образует существительные от других существительных | |
owner – владелец | ownership – владение |
friend – друг | friendship – дружба |
Суффикс —ure образует существительные от глаголов | |
to please – доставлять удовольствие | pleasure – удовольствие |
to press – давить | pressure – давление |
to seize – захватывать | seizure – захват |
Суффиксы прилагательных
Суффиксы —able, —ible выражают возможность подвергнуться действию, в русском языке есть похожее “-абельный”, “-ивый”, “-обный” | |
to notice – заметить | noticeable – заметный |
to read – читать | readable – читабельный |
to flex – сгибать | flexible – гибкий |
to convert – обращать, превращать | convertable – обратимый, конвертируемый |
Суффикс —al формирует прилагательные от существительных (ср. В русском языке: ‑альный) | |
music – музыка | musical – музыкальный |
magic – магия | magical – магический |
form – форма | formal – формальный |
Суффиксы —ant, —ent формируют прилагательные от глаголов (этим прилагательным соответствуют существительные с —ance, —ence) | |
to differ – отличаться | different – отличающийся (difference – отличие) |
to resist – сопротивляться | resistant – сопротивляющийся (resistance – сопротивление) |
Суффиксы —ful формируют прилагательные от существительных и указывает на наличие качества. (противоположность —less) | |
play – игра | playful – игривый |
doubt – сомнение | doubtful – сомнительный |
skill – умение | skillful – опытный, умелый |
Суффикс —ish формирует прилагательные со значениями: а) национальной принадлежности, б) слабой меры качества (как в русском ‑оват, ‑еват) | |
child – ребёнок | childish – детский |
girl – девушка | girlish – девчачий, женский |
green – зелёный | greenish – зелёноватый |
fool – дурак | foolish – глупый |
Суффикс —ive формирует прилагательные от глаголов и существительных (как в русском языке ‑ивный, ‑ивная) | |
to attract – привлекать | attractive – привлекательный |
effect – эффект, действие | effective – действительный |
to create – создавать | creative – креативный |
Суффикс —less формирует прилагательные от существительного и означает отсутствие качества (антипод —ful) | |
care – забота | care less – беззаботный |
fear – страх | fearless – безстрашный |
home – дом | homeless – бездомный |
Суффикс —ous образует прилагательные от существительных | |
poison – яд | poisonous – ядовитый |
mystery – загадка, тайна | mysterious – загадочный |
nerve – нерв | nervous – нервный |
Суффикс —y формирует прилагательные от существительных (обычно, связанных с погодой) | |
sport – спорт | sporty – спортивный |
dirt – грязь | dirty – грязно |
fog – туман | foggy – туманный |
rain – дождь | rainy – дождливый |
class – класс | classy – классный |
Суффиксы глаголов
Суффикс ‑en придает значения: делать, делаться, становиться, формирует глаголы от прилагательных и существительных | |
length – длина | lengthen – удлинять |
weak – слабый | weaken – слабеть |
threat – угроза | Threaten – угрожать |
wide – широкий | widen – расширять |
Суффикс –fy (—ify, —efy) как правило формирует глаголы от прилагательных, реже – от существительных. * Суффикс —efy используется только в 4‑х словах: liquefy, putrefy, rarefy, stupefy. | |
mode – вид, форма | to modify – видоизменять, корректировать |
glory – слава | to glorify – прославлять |
gas – простой | to gasify – упрощать |
pure – чистый | to purify – очищать |
Суффиксы ‑ise, ‑yse, ‑ize, ‑yze как правило образует глаголы от существительных | |
advert – реклама, объявление | to advertise – рекламировать |
crystal – кристалл | to crystallize – кристаллизовать |
sympathy – сочувствие | to sympathize – сочувствовать |
‘How come a teacher teaches, but a doctor doesn’t doct? Why can’t I say ‘My aunt is a cooker’?! What do you mean ‘increase is a noun?’… Word formation has never been easy for students. No clear logic behind it, complicated patterns, loads of irregularities — you name it. However, this part of language just cannot be ignored, both for the sake of accuracy and fluency.
Teenagers need to be good at word formation more than anyone else. In addition to fluency and accuracy, they have one more thing to think about — exams. Not only Cambridge exams include tasks that focus on word formation, but also the Russian State Exam and 9th-grade exam do. So, what can we do to help our students out?
Noticing
Noticing is the first step to success. When you come across a word with a distinctive prefix or suffix, stop for a couple of questions.
Development:
- What part of speech is that?
- How do you know?
- What other words ending in -ment can you name?
Team A and Team B, you have 2 minutes. Let’s check how many -ment words you can remember.
You might want to give teens some extra time to google for 5 more words with the same pattern to add to the list. They can tell about their choice in pairs. You might find this source useful.
This way, teenagers will get a better idea of parts of speech and some, though few, general rules behind word formation.
Generalising
General understanding of word class is, of course, crucial to learning a language. Introduce your teens to parts of speech despite all the possible complaints that they are having enough of that at Russian language classes. Generalising gives some basis and confidence.
When you teach the concepts of word formation, it also makes sense to start with those affixes whose meaning will be generally clear for students. Teach common patterns first, like:
re- means ‘again, back’. Repeat, redo, renovate.
il- means ‘not’ and generally stands before ‘l’. Illegal, illogical.
There is a wide variety of lists of prefixes and suffixes which can be used as reference materials or self-study guides. You might find some at Cambridge Dictionary website or just choose the one you find suitable for your learners.
Practice
Categorizing
To start with, why don’t you do a categorization task? Collect the vocabulary from a coursebook unit and write or print it on little cards. Stick the cards around the classroom. On the whiteboard, write the names of the parts of speech. Set the time limit for your students to walk around and collect the words under the proper headings. It will raise teens’ awareness of the parts of speech and give them a chance to get up from their chairs, which is also beneficial.
One more alternative for this task is a grabbing game when you have the word cards on the table and tell your students ‘Grab all adjectives!’. A person with the most number of correct cards wins the round.
Tables
Word formation is a skill that, ideally, should be practised throughout the whole course or year. One more little task for your teens to do is filling the tables which can look like this:
You prepare them beforehand and can draw students’ attention to any target vocabulary you need. The number of words in a card also depends on your needs. It can be done at the beginning of a lesson, as part of the homework, individually or in pairs.
Call my Bluff
Let’s check if your teens can fool each other! Ask them to write examples of real word formation and make up two or three wrong alternatives, e.g.for example “performance”, “performation” and “performent”. Then they read the words out to another group which should spot the real word.
While you practise high-level exams like FCE or CAE, students can work in groups and fill the gaps with a mix of the right and wrong answers. After that, ask them to exchange the papers with another group and think which options are right and which should be corrected.
Jenga
Have you ever played Jenga in class? Jenga is a board game in which players take turns removing one block at a time from a tower. Each block removed is then placed on top of the tower, creating a taller and more unstable structure. It can be a great addition to your revision class or just a final 15-minute touch of a regular lesson.
With a pencil, write one word on each wooden brick. The students’ task will be not just to have fun but also to make as many words as they can from the one written on the brick. If they get one with ‘appear’, they can go like ‘appearance’ and ‘disappear’. You can develop your own system of extra points for every extra word or well-made example.
Pass the ball
This kids game can be easily used in a teenage class. Name an affix and ask students to pass the ball naming words that go with it. If you say ‘-ful’, the round might look like ‘helpful – tactful – careful – beautiful’ etc. Change the affix after each round.
Teaching teenagers parts of speech and word formation skills is not easy but useful for a number of reasons. It raises students’ awareness of how the language works and helps build vocabulary faster. What’s more, it improves fluency as teens get more confidence using words in sentences. It can even be good fun. Try it out!