Word for to stop doing something

Рассмотрим два синонимичных глагола ban и prevent. Нас интересует также последующий предлог from.

Prevent [prı`vent] v 1. предотвращать, предупреждать; предохранять
2. (часто from) мешать, препятствовать, не допускать

prevent — to stop something from happening, or stop someone from doing something

If someone or something prevents you from doing something, they do not allow you to do it.

e. g. My only idea was to prevent him from speaking.
Cotton mittens will prevent the baby from scratching his own face.

To prevent something means to ensure that it does not happen.

Synonyms: prevent, preclude, avert, obviate, forestall
These verbs mean to stop or hinder something from happening, especially by advance planning or action.

ban [bæn] v. налагать запрет, запрещать

To prohibit, especially by official decree.

Synonyms: forbid, prohibit, disallow, bar, exclude, ostracize, outlaw, banish, suppress, veto, restrict, censor, disqualify.

Имеем предложение с пропущенным словом. banned from или prevented from?

Now CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species) has taken on the responsibility of getting 800 species of animals and plants____from international trade and another 23,000 placed under strict controls.

Обратимся к контексту.

Деятельность CITES (читается сай-тис), направлена на сохранение исчезающих видов животных и растений:

Endangered species are protected on international levels as well. For example, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is an agreement between 150 countries worldwide. Endangered species are listed under one of two appendices of CITES (pronounced sigh-tees). If a species is listed under Appendix I, the member countries have agreed not to trade (buy and sell) that species commercially. If a species is listed under Appendix II, the member countries have agreed to trade that species commercially only if it does not endanger the survival of the species.

Вопрос: задача CITES предотвратить или запретить? Очевидно, предотвратить.

Обратимся к грамматике. Словари дают выражение to ban doing sth и ban from doing sth. Но имеется и вариант ban from + N

From Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary 8th Ed.
ban
1. ~ sth to decide or say officially that sth is not allowed
Syn: ↑prohibit
• Chemical weapons are banned internationally.
• a campaign to ban smoking in public places
2. usually passive to order sb not to do sth, go somewhere, etc, especially officially
• ~ sb from sth He was banned from the meeting.
• ~ sb from doing sth She’s been banned from leaving Greece while the allegations are investigated.

From Macmillan English Dictionary (En-En)
2. to say officially that someone is not allowed to do something
He was banned for three months for driving with no insurance.
ban someone from (doing) something : She was banned from competing for two years after failing a drugs test.

Кажется, вопрос проясняется и нужно prevent. Однако в данном предложении наблюдается конструкция get sth done. Конструкция предполагает, что подлежащее ожидает от других каких-то действий.  Очевидно, нужно добиться исключения 800 видов растений и животных из международной торговли, а ещё большее количество 23,000 взять под контроль.

Подведём итог написанному. Официальный запрет на что-то — ban from (doing) sth, особенно в Passive Voice. Prevent from = to stop, но без оттенка prohibit. Kонструкция get sth done приравнивается к Passive Voice. Добавим ко всему прочему контекст.

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It does not matter how slowly you go as long as you do not stop.

For each of the examples 1-15, choose an appropriate verb from the box which best fits the description and can be used in the sample sentence.

back out (v-lùi ra ngoài) • sever • quash (v-hủy án) • suppress (v-đàn áp, chặn) • deter (v-ngăn cản) • dissuade (v-khuyên can) • give up • cancel

remove • turn down (v-gập xuống, từ chối) • put an end to (v-chấm dứt) • delete • repeal (v-hủy bỏ, bãi bỏ) • rescind (v-thủ tiêu, huy bỏ) • deny

1. To cut out part of a document, a computer file, etc.

To stop your hard disk becoming too full, you should _________ any unwanted programmes.

The new government Bill seeks to __________ the existing legislation. (n-pháp chế)

4. To persuade sweid someone not to do something.

The college tries to _________ students from entering exams which are not suitable for them.

The committee decided to ___________ its earlier resolution (n-nghị quyết) on the use of its premises. (n-cơ ngơi)

The military (n-quận sự) government attempted to ______ the democracy movement (n-vận động dân chủ) by arresting its leaders.

The Cornucopian government decided to _______ relations with Utopia.

You should never ______ a good job when it’s offered to you.

We decided to ________ when we discovered the company was in financial difficulty.

Before his trial (n-thử thách, thử nghiệm), his lawyer advised him to ____________ embezzling (v-biển thủ) company funds.

There is no refund (nv-hoàn lại) if you ____________ your holiday less than three weeks before the date of the departure.

He applied for a judicial review to _______ the verdict (n-phán quyết, lời tuyên án).

You should _________ smoking if you want to feel healthier.

They agreed to ________ their long-standing (adj-lâu đời) dispute (n-cuộc tranh luận).

CHECK YOUR ENGLISH VOCABULARY FOR IELTS

STOPPING SOMETHING

A.       For each of the
examples 1-15, choose an appropriate verb from the box which best fits the
description and can be used in the sample sentence.

ANSWER KEY

Stop is one of the verbs in English which can be followed by a gerund (-ing verb) or infinitive (‘to’ verb). These have distinct meanings, for example I stopped to talk to her is totally different to I stopped talking to her.

So, how do you know whether to use stop doing or stop to do?

Fortunately, although they are easily confused, the difference between stop doing and stop to do is quite simple to understand. Let’s take a look at when you should use each version of the verb.

There are clear situations when it is correct to use stop to do vs stop doing.

When to use ‘stop to do’ something

If you stop to do something, it means you pause or end your current activity in order to do something else. For example:

• As I was running I noticed my shoelace was undone, so I stopped to tie it.
• I was eating dinner when the phone range, so I stopped to answer it.
• You’ve been working hard all day; you should stop soon to rest.

You can see that in the first two examples this refers to taking a break and then resuming the initial activity (running and eating dinner). In the third example, it refers to ceasing the activity completely (working).

When to use ‘stop doing’ something

If you stop doing something, it means you discontinue, end, or cease the action. For example:

• I stopped playing tennis because my arm was hurting.
• I stopped smoking 5 years ago and I feel so much healthier now.
• We’ll have to stop shopping when we run out of money.
• Lilly wants to stop working when she is 55 years old.

You can also use this in the structure ‘stop someone (from) doing something’. In this case, it can also mean ‘prevent’, if the action never happened in the first place:

• Adriana should stop her children eating so much candy.
• Someone needs to stop Clive spending so much. He’s going to get into really bad debt.
• The floods stopped them from attending the concert.
• Nothing is going to stop me from achieving my dream.

Combining stop to do and stop doing

It is possible to use both verb forms together in one sentence, for example:

• I stopped running to tie my shoe.
• She stopped ironing to answer the door.
• They’ll have to stop cooking dinner to greet the guests.

Avoiding confusion

It’s important to get the correct verb form in order to avoid confusion.

Going back to the example at the beginning of this article, I stopped to talk to her means that you were being friendly by chatting to someone whereas I stopped talking to her means that you had an argument or disagreement and as a result are no longer communicating with each other. You certainly wouldn’t want to give the wrong impression to your listener in this case.

Stop by, stop in, stop off + to do

While we’re talking about the verb stop, it’s worth mentioning these phrasal verbs which can be used in conjunction with stop to do.

Stop followed by off, in at or by at then an object and an infinitive is used when your journey is interrupted for a brief visit, for example:

• The post office is open today; I need to stop off there to post a letter.
• Let’s stop by at Laura’s house to wish her a happy birthday.
• She stopped in at the library to return her book.

These phrasal verbs may also be used without the infinitive, if the context makes the meaning clear enough:

• We’re having a barbeque in the garden this afternoon, why don’t you stop by?
• I saw there’s a new toy shop open in town. Let’s stop in later.

To sum up

Hopefully now you understand the key difference between stop doing and stop to do. When you stop doing something you cease the action, and when you stop to do something you cease or pause another action to begin doing this one.

This is one of the few cases in English where switching between the gerund and infinitive verb form significantly changes the meaning of the sentence, so it’s a very important difference to understand! The constructions like to do and like doing and try to do and try doing have a much more subtle difference in meaning.

Leave a comment below if you’re still unclear on how to use stop to do vs stop doing correctly, or browse more posts about easily confused words in English.

In this lesson, I talk about the difference between “stop to do something” and “stop doing something.” This can be confusing, but the difference is important.

I also look at the verb patterns of “start” and whether there is a difference between, “start doing” and “start to do.”

Watch in HD!

Share the video with your friends, and then read the article below…

Stop Doing Something vs Stop to Do Something

In the video clip, I said the following:

“However, after a few weeks or a few months, the majority of learners start to lose that initial energy and motivation. And in many cases, they stop learning English for a period of time.”

To stop doing something means to finish/quit doing something. Stop to do something means to take a break/finish doing something else to do something.

It sounds complicated, but some examples will help:

• “My dad stopped smoking a few years ago.”
• “My friend stopped (driving his car) to answer his phone”
• “We stopped having lunch when they arrived.”
• “We stopped to have lunch at the service station.”

In example three, when they arrive, we finished having lunch. We stopped eating. In the fourth example, we stopped driving the car to have lunch.

As you can see, we often use both forms together.

With the verb start, it is much easier. Both “start doing something” and “start to do something” mean the same thing.