Word for the objects or persons - Word и Excel - помощь в работе с программами

Borrowing from formal grammar, you may be interested in using subject. Quoting from Capital Community College Foundation:

The subject of a sentence is the person, place, thing, or idea that is doing or being something.

For an example, consider:

That is a really pretty painting. It is simply sublime.

The painting is the subject of the sentences; it is the thing being described by the speaker. In the phrasing of the quoted source, the painting is being pretty and sublime.

Another term that could apply is object. In contrast to the subject of a sentence, the object is the recipient. Formal English grammar further breaks it down into direct objects

Art critics praised the painting as very pretty.

^{* Subject: art critics

* Direct Object: the painting

* Object Complement: as very pretty}

and indirect objects

The art critics said «truly sublime» as they described the painting.

^{* Subject: The art critics

* Direct Object: «truly sublime» — an adjectival phrase, quoted, turning it into a noun.

* Linking verb: as they described

* Indirect object: the painting}

Summarizing the differences (again quoting from CCCF)

A direct object is the receiver of action within a sentence.
The indirect object identifies to or for whom or what the action of the verb is performed.

In both cases, the definition of object applies to your question.

object [n. ob-jikt, -jekt; v. uh b-jekt]
noun
2. a thing, person, or matter to which thought or action is directed:
an object of medical investigation.

^{Source: dictionary.com}

As Jim Reynolds points out in the comment, these words are fairly broad. They are hypernyms of your specific example. It seems that the askers own find of «Descriptum» is the most accurate, most specific word. Nevertheless, subject and object remain well understood parts of speech. The sentence «This painting is the subject/object of the description in question.» is perfectly understandable. Whether subject or object is more correct depends on the grammatical voice; in other words, the phrasing of the description itself.

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English Grammar : Pronoun

«A word that is used in place of a noun is called Pronoun.»

Pronouns are words which replace a noun: I, me, she, we, they, who, that, yours, his, her, etc.

Pronouns should only be used if the name of the person (or group of people), place (or places), or thing (or things) has been previously mentioned in the paragraph. Pronouns can be subjects or objects, or show possession.

Pronouns are divided into nine kinds according to their functions:

Personal pronouns are used in place of the person or people that we are talking about.There are seven Personal pronouns. They are: I, You, We, He, She, They & It etc.

Examples:

I like Ice-cream.
Seema loves you.

We went home.
They played doubles.

Possessive pronouns are used to refer to a specific person/people or thing/things belonging to a person/people and sometimes belonging to an animal/animals or thing/things. They are : mine, ours, yours, his/hers etc.

Examples:

This book is mine.
This school is ours.

Yours roses are lovely.
That is her umbrella.

Reflexive pronouns are used when a person or thing is referring to the same person or thing. Reflexives are part of Personal Pronouns. They are: Myself, Yourself, Yourselves, Herself, Themselves, Himself, Itself, Oneself etc.

Examples:

I prefer to work by myself.
Why do you blame yourself?

Kevin sent himself a message.
My dog hurt itself.

(4) Demonstrative Pronouns

Demonstrative Pronouns are used to show or identify one or a number of nouns that may be far or near in distance or time.

There are six Demonstrative Pronouns:
Singular : (1) this (2) that (3) such (4) one and
Plural : (5) these (6) those.

Examples:

Is this your pen?
That is my sister.

These are sweet fruits.
Those are our houses.

When sentence does not refer to any specific person, thing or amount, we used an indefinite pronoun. They are: few, some, several, any, most, other, some, each, everything, none, neither and either etc.

Examples:

Someone is here to see you.
Several people gathered for the funeral.

Anybody can practice yoga.
Many people attended her wedding etc.

(6) Distributive Pronouns

Distributive Pronouns refers to a particular person/thing. They are: Each, Everyone, Everybody, Either, Neither.

Examples:

They each got a medal.
Everyone loves flowers.

Either of you has to come for the wedding.
Neither of them was present for the wedding.

Reciprocal pronouns are used when two or more subjects (people or things) are doing the same thing, and experiencing the same consequences. They are: each other and one another.

Examples:

Simran and Raj love each other.
The gangsters were fighting one another.

Relative Pronouns are used to join or relate two different clauses together by referring to the noun in the previous clause. They are: Who, Whom, Whose, Which and That.

Examples:

I know the person who can do this work.
Whom do you want to meet?

Whose book is this?
This is the book, which I bought in Delhi.

(9) Interrogative Pronouns

Interrogative Pronouns are question words used to enquire about person or thing that we do not know about. They are: who, whom, what, which.

Examples:

Who wrote this book?
Whom do you want to talk to?

What do you want?
Which book do you want?

USES OF PRONOUNS — ONE / ONESELF / ONE’S / IT

USES OF PRONOUN — «ONE»

One must treat other as one expects to be treated.

«One» is used for God/Ghost :

Jesus is the Holy One of God.

The devil is an evil one in religion.

«One» is used for the person :

He is not the one, who faces difficulties.

He is the one, who score 100 out of 100.

«One» is used as indefinite pronoun :

One must respect elders.

One must follow the Rules.

USES OF PRONOUN — «ONESELF»

Oneself (Like other reflexive pronouns) is used to emphasis.

One must help oneself before asking others.

One must suffer and learn oneself.

USES OF PRONOUN — «ONE’S»

One’s is a Possessive Adjective.

It is good to hear one’s hard work being appreciated.

It is one’s duty to serve parents/elders.

USES OF PRONOUN — «IT»

«It» is a third person singular pronoun and is used for lifeless things (inanimate objects), animals and for a baby or a small child (girl or boy) when their sex is unknown or unimportant.

IT has no possessive pronoun form e.g. This is its hole but not his hole is its.

The possessive form of IT is ITS and is not to be confused with it’s which is a contraction of it is e.g. It is my bag – It’s my bag.

As a rule pronouns do not form POSSESSIVES by adding ‘S’ eg. This bag is yours and not This bag is your’s. This purse is hers and not This purse is her’s.

«It» is also used for :

• It is 10 o’clock/ 10:30. (To tell / talk about time.)
• It is Summer / Winter / Monsoon. (To tell / talk about seasons.)
• It is a sunny day. (To tell / talk about weather.)
• It is 120 Kms away from here. (To tell / talk about distance.)
• It is Sunday. It is the 1st Sept,07. (To tell / talk about Day & Date.)
• It is good that he returned the book. (To introduce a clause) (As a temporary subject.)
• It is difficult to make him happy. (To use infinite phrase) (As a temporary subject.)
• It is no use crying over split milk. (It is no use trying on now) (As a temporary subject.)
• It is you who spoiled my day. (It is used to emphasis) (As a temporary subject.)
• It is easy to find fault with others. (It is used before the verb to be when the real subject follows.)
• It is sure that you are incorrect. (It is used before the verb to be when the real subject follows.)

The most common way to ask (for) information is to question. We use WH Question to seek information about Place, Time, Manner, Object, Choice, Reason, Distance, Duration, Number, Quantity, Frequency and Person. They are : What, Who, When, Whom, Where, Why, Whose, Which and How.

USES of «What» :

What do you want?

What am I suppose to do?

USES of «Who» :

Who is your best friend?

Who is your favorite actor?

USES of «When» :

When will you go abroad?

When do you study at home?

USES of «Whom» :

Whom should I pay my fees?

Whom should I complain?

USES of «Where» :

Where are your parents?

Where do you study?

USES of «Why» :

Why are you sitting alone?

Why are you crying?

USES of «Whose» :

Whose house is this?

Whose eyes are blue?

USES of «Which» :

Which book do you want?

Which is your pen?

USES of «How» :

How are you feeling now?

How is your health?

English Grammar : Pronoun

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An
object
in grammar
is part of a sentence,
and often part of the predicate.
It denotes somebody or something involved in the subject’s
«performance» of the verb.
Basically, it is what the verb is being done to. As an example, the
following sentence is given:

In
the sentence «Bobby
kicked the
ball«,
«ball» is the object.

«Bobby»
is the subject,
the doer or performer, while «kick» is the action, and
«ball» is the object involved in the action.

The
main verb in the sentence determines whether there can or must be
objects in the sentence, and if so how many and of what type. (See
also Valency
(linguistics).)
In many languages, however, including English,
the same verb can allow multiple different structures; for example,
«Bobby kicked» and «Bobby kicked the ball» are
both valid English sentences.

Types of object

Objects
fall into three classes: direct objects, adpositional
objects, and non-prepositional indirect objects. A direct object
answers the question «What?», while an indirect object
answers the question «To whom?» or «For whom?».
An indirect object is the recipient of the direct object, or an
otherwise affected participant in the event. There must be a direct
object for an indirect object to be placed in a sentence. Some
examples:

In
«Danielle ate fruit», fruit
is the direct
object of the verb
ate.
It corresponds to the accusative
of languages with grammatical
cases.
In
«They sent him a postcard», him
is the (non-prepositional) indirect
object of the verb
sent
(which uses a double-object construction). It typically corresponds
to the dative
case.
In
«We listened to the radio», radio
is the object of the preposition to,
and the prepositional
object of the
simple
past of
the phrasal
verb to
listen to. It can
correspond to a variety of cases and complements.

In
many languages, including German,
Latin,
and Classical
Arabic,
objects can change form slightly (decline)
to indicate what kind of object they are (their case).
This does not happen in English (though a few English pronouns do
have separate subject
and object forms); rather, the type of object is indicated strictly
by word
order.
Also, some objects are treated differently from others in particular
languages. In Spanish, for example, human objects have to get a
preposition ‘a’. This is called differential
object marking.

Forms of object

An
object may take any of a number of forms, all of them nominal
in some sense. Common forms include:

A
noun
or noun phrase, as in «I remembered her
advice.»
An
infinitive
or infinitival clause, as in «I remembered to
eat.»
A
gerund
or gerund phrase, as in «I remembered being
there.»
A
declarative content
clause,
as in «I remembered that
he was blond.»
An
interrogative content clause, as in «I remembered why
she had left.»
A
fused relative
clause,
as in «I remembered what
she wanted me to do.»

28 The attribute. Types of attributes.

The
attribute is a secondary part of the sentence which characterizes
person or non-person expressed by the headword either qualitatively,
quantitatively, or from the point of view of situation. Attributes
may refer to nouns and other words of nominal nature, such as
pronouns gerunds and substitute words, as in:

It
was a letter from his
devoted friend.

I
mentioned it to him when he was his
usual self.

One
day I put the picture up again, the
lifesize one.

An
attribute forms a nominal phrase with its headword.

Types
of connection between an attribute and its headword

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Subjects vs Objects in English

Subjects and objects have the opposite functions in a sentence. The subject is the ‘doer’ of the action. For example, take the sentence “We are watching Netflix.” Here, the subject is the pronoun ‘we’. Objects are the opposite; instead of doing something (like watching Netflix), they are acted upon. Now, let’s look at the sentence “The police gave him a warning.” In this case the pronoun “him” is receiving something (a warning), so that’s the object of a sentence.

Subject pronouns include I, you, he, she, it, we, they, who, and whoever.

Object pronouns are me, you, him, her, it, us, them, whom, and whomever.

Grammar: Subjects in English language explained

Definition of subjects in English language

In English grammar, we use the word ‘subject’ to talk about the person or thing (a noun or pronoun) that does the ‘action.’ Usually, that means that the subject comes before the verb (what are verbs? Grammar 101: Understanding verb tenses). So, the subject of a sentence is the person, place, thing, or idea that is performing the action.

Examples of subjects in the English language

Simple sentences

Very simple sentences in English have one verb and one subject. For example:

Jason works. Here, the subject is “Jason.” The verb is “works.” In this example, Jason is the subject, because he is the person doing the action, “working” in this case.
Nick sleeps. Nick is the subject, because he’s doing the action of “sleeping”.

The subject doesn’t always have to be a person/name. Very often it is not — it is a pronoun (for example, he/she/it, etc), or a group of people (we/they). Have a look at the following sentences.

I sleep. (The subject is ‘I’ because it’s doing the action of sleeping.)
We are watching Netflix. (The subject is ‘we’ because it’s doing the action of watching)
They play football. (The subject is ‘they’ because it’s doing the action of playing)

More complicated sentences

Sometimes a sentence is a bit more complicated and it gets a bit harder to find the subject. Have a look at the following sentences:

I am thirsty. (The subject is ‘I’)
Mike appears busy. (The subject is ‘Mike’)
The employees are in a meeting. (The subject is ‘the employees’)
The girl from my class presented an excellent speech at our graduation. (The subject is ‘the girl from my class’ because she’s doing the action)
Gemma, Gillian and Mike are having lunch. (The subject is ‘Gemma, Gillian and Mike’ because they’re doing the action of having lunch)

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Grammar: Objects in English language explained

Definition of objects in English language

Now that you know what subjects are, let’s have a look at objects. Generally, we use the word ‘object’ to talk about the thing/person that the action is done to. Or, the one who receives the action.

A direct object is a noun or pronoun that receives the action of a verb in a sentence. Usually, it answers the questions what? or whom? about the verb. Choose the direct object(s) in each sentence.

Examples of direct objects in English language

The direct object of a verb is the thing being acted upon. So, it means it is the receiver of the action. Usually, you can find the direct object by finding the verb and asking “what?” or “whom?”. For example:

Mike loves doughnuts. (Mike loves what? The object is ‘doughnuts’.)
James got his IELTS scores yesterday. (James got what? The object is ‘his IELTS scores’.)
I put the orange cat out in the garden. (I put what (out in the garden)? The object is ‘the orange cat’.)

Examples of indirect objects in English language

Apart from direct objects, there are also indirect objects. An indirect object is the recipient of the direct object. How do you find an indirect object in a sentence? You can do this by first finding the direct object. Then, ask “who” or “what” received it. The indirect object will chronologically exist before the direct object in a sentence. Have a look at the example sentences below. We have put the direct objects in bold and underlined the indirect objects.

Can you give Tomoko the keys?

Find the direct object: Give what? the keys
Find the indirect object: Who (or what) received the keys? Tomoko

The bartender made Gracie an ice-cold drink.

Find the direct object: The bartender made what? An ice-cold drink
The bartender made a cold drink for whom? Gracie

Examples of the object of a preposition in English language

It gets a little trickier now. We call the noun or pronoun after a preposition the object of a preposition. When you know the direct object, finding an indirect object is fairly simple. Remember, you find a direct object by asking “what?” or “whom?” the verb is doing. Then, to find an indirect object, ask “to whom/what?” or “for whom/what” the direct object is intended. Have a look at the example sentences below. We have put the prepositions in bold and underlined the objects of prepositions.

Emily is from Ireland.
You can tell from her accent that Emily is from Ireland.

Grammar Quiz: Subjects and objects in English language

Now that you’ve had a look at the grammar rules and some examples — it’s time to try it for yourself. Have a look at the following sentences, and try to find the subject and the object. The answers are given below, so you can check them for yourself.

Quiz: find the subject

Q1: All the children in the class study maths.

a) study

b) maths

c) all the children in the class

Q2: They took the General Training IELTS test for migration purposes.

a) General Training IELTS test

b) They

c) migration purposes

Q3: For lunch, Mike and Gemma ordered burgers and chips.

a) For lunch

b) Mike and Gemma

c) burgers and chips

Q4: Gagan and Daniel received an award for players of the year.

a) Gagan

b) Daniel

c) Gagan and Daniel

d) players of the year

Q5: Next year, I want to go to university in Sydney.

a) Next year

b) I

c) university in Sydney

Quiz: find the object

Q6: Josh painted a flower for his school project.

a) Josh

b) flower

c) school project

Q7: The cafe baked their own pies.

a) The cafe

b) their

c) their own pies

Q8: Janet has to practise football every single day if she wants to become a professional.

a) Janet

b) practice

c) football

d) professional

Q9: The kids built a castle with Lego.

a) The kids

b) built

c) a castle

d) Lego

Q10: I will come over after I do the dishes and finish my homework.

a) I

b) the dishes

c) my homework

d) the dishes + my homework

Answers to the Grammar Quiz: Subjects and objects in English language

Q1: c
Q2: b
Q3: b
Q4: c
Q5: b
Q6: b
Q7: c
Q8: c
Q9: c
Q10: d

Want to learn more about commonly confused words?

In written English, it is important to know the correct spelling of a word you want to use. You don’t want to write “weak” when you mean “week” even though they sound the same. In spoken English, spelling is less important, but pronunciation is. Think about the word “lead” which can be pronounced as “led” or “leed.” Because these words cause a lot of confusion, it’s well worth spending a few minutes to understand the difference: homophones vs homographs vs homonyms.

People often use elude when they mean allude, or write allude when they should really write elude. There are other commonly confused words too: Do you know the difference between advice or advise? That is the question in another article where we explain the difference between these two commonly misused words. Read it here.

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The names of common objects are part of the vocabulary you’ll need to know for day-to-day communication.

Now you may be thinking…but there’s so much to learn!

Don’t stress; we’ll give you some ideas for tackling this vocabulary and we’ll list 50 words you’re sure to learn quickly.

Household objects in English

When a child learns to speak, the first words he pronounces are the names of people and the objects nearby that make up his daily environment.

Similarly, our first list of objects will be focused on objects in the home. Of course there are many things in a house; but remember, we’re sticking to short lists.

Are you ready?

Cupboard
Pillow
Coffee maker
Bed
Spoon
Blanket
Knife
Stove
Sink
Washing machine
Pot
Dish
Fridge
Sofa
Stool
Cup
Fork
Glass

These words will certainly be easy for you to remember, because they’re things you use at home every day. Now we’ll move on to another environment that’s also common: the classroom.

Classroom objects

Whether you study virtually or in person, it’s always important to know the names of classroom objects.

Of course, if you attend classes in person, you’ll need to refer to many objects, whereas the list could probably be reduced a bit if you study online.

Either way, we’ve chosen a list of the words that seemed most useful.

Pen
Computer
Notebook
Desk
Pencil
Bookcase
Book
Chair
Backpack
Paper
Glue
Door
Ruler
Clock
Whiteboard
Window

As you can see, this list isn’t exhaustive. What other words would you add?

Other objects or common things in English

We’re down to our last 16 words for objects! In this list, we’ve included vocabulary you’ll need to know in your everyday environment.

Car
Bicycle (bike)
Banknote
Wallet
Blouse
Bag
Shirt
Helmet
Toothbrush
Key
Table
Coin
Trousers (UK) / Pants (US)
Sweater
Shoe

And, to finish, we’re going to suggest some simple strategies that will help you remember this vocabulary and put it into practice.

Advice for learning vocabulary for everyday objects

Next, we’ll share some tips for learning the names of objects efficiently:

Create an environment for learning. How can you do that? One of the most-used techniques is to label things so that every time you see them, you’ll remember their name.
Focus on the vocabulary you need the most depending on where you are or what job you’re doing. You can also learn vocabulary related to your hobbies or the activities you like to do most. This will ensure you don’t get bored, since you can combine your vocabulary with the things you like to do.
Make lists of vocabulary by groups. An effective form of studying words and their pronunciation is to create lists by group and tackle them little by little. For example, you can start with all the household objects, then move on to classroom objects, then food, and so on.
Create a daily routine. It’s important that you dedicate time to learn new vocabulary every day. As we’ve shown, it’s not necessary to learn a lot at one time; it’s more important to learn at a steady pace.
Go at your own pace. You don’t have to memorise a list of 100 words at a time. Start with one or two words, try to use them frequently and later add more vocabulary onto those words.
Learn vocabulary in context. For example, when you’re making coffee in the morning you can say:

I’m using the coffee maker to prepare coffee.

I need a cup to serve the coffee.

I need a spoon for the sugar.

We hope that these tips and the vocabulary we’ve included in this article will help you continue on your path of improving your language abilities.

ABA English is a digital language academy that enables you to learn vocabulary in a natural and immersive manner.

With our course in English, you’ll not only have access to all our lessons, but you can also take advantage of conversation classes that allow you to achieve the level of communication you desire. Also, ABA English is available on any device, which allows you to take your course whenever you want and wherever you find yourself.

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