Word for god in egyptian

On 8/20/2016 at 10:27 PM, kmt_sesh said:

In my own research I’ve not encountered Egyptological linguistic analysis suggesting these exact sound shifts for the consonantal skeleton of the ancient Egyptian nTr («netcher»).

Thomas Schneider wrote in the Egyptology Online Forum:

• Of crucial importance — also with regard to other etymological attempts mentioned on the EEF list — is the phonological reality behind nTr around ca. 3000 BC. Whereas <T> was clearly a palatalized variant of /k/ at the time (cf. the variants kbw/Tbw «sandals», kSM/Tsm «hound» in the OK etc.), it should be noted that <r> did only represent an r-sound from the Late Middle Kingdom onwards; earlier it clearly was a variety of /l/ (for a more general embedding of this, cf. my articles in Lingua Aegyptia 5(1997), 189-209 and 11(2003), 187-199). Otto Rössler proposed to link the term to the Arabic root nkl «to deter», whereas I myself suggested, in the SEAP article, a relation to Berber (Touareg) amenukal «king», derived from a (lost) root *nkl.

The problem with Schneider’s strategy of focusing on NKL in other languages is that even if he is right, those other languages could have shifted their Ls to Rs too — not just the Egyptians.

Anyway, in Amharic I found: nekul — giddy, tottering, staggering. I think this is related to my theory that NTR is related to the concept of shaking, trembling, agitation.

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Okay, so I’m digressing into lecture mode. In their book Gods and Men in Ancient Egypt, Dunand and Zivie-Coche have an excellent section on the ancient Egyptian word and concept nTr.

Thanks I added this to the notes.

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Numerous scholars have tried to nail down the origins and etymology of the word but there is no consensus on how it came to be in the ancient language. However, how it sounded does not seem to have changed much. We cannot know the vowel sounds in nTr as they would’ve been 5,000 or 3,000 or 2,000 years ago, because only the three consonants are certain. However, in Coptic, the last remnant of the ancient Egyptian tongue, the word is pronounced as noute, so even in such a late stage of history the word had not changed much (it would appear the final «r» had dropped off by the onset of Christianity).

As with complicated religious terms in any language, nTr in ancient Egyptian has a wider range of meanings than many people realize. It certainly could be used to mean «god,» while nTrt with the feminine t-ending would mean goddess»; nTrw and nTrwt would be their plurals, respectively. But if you work with hieroglyphic inscriptions you will see how fluid and even inconsistent the usage is. The singular nTr could refer to a specific god or the gods in general, and could imply plurality on its own. And of course the term represented a wide and complicated range of meanings for the concept of «divine,» as for the gods themselves, or for a king in life and death, or for private commoners in death (deceased people collectively were often called nTrw, «divine ones»).

Yes.

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I’ll shut up now, except to caution against one thing fringe writers often state: that nTr is the origin for our word «nature.» That’s an example straight from Lego linguistics, where there must be a correlation between two words that kinda-sorta sound alike. I tack this on only because it’s an example of incorrect thinking, and it kind of bothers me.

With so little and such weak traces to go on, I don’t want to dismiss connections out of hand because they sound weak, even one as weak (and for you annoying) as what you mentioned. Let’s change the topic just a bit. Consider the word Natron. This word in Latin is Nitrium I think. In Hebrew it’s Nether and in Arabic Natrun/Natron. In Egypt it was NTR and in Amharic Natran. I think that in the case of Latin it’s not a coincidence that the chemical kinda sorta bears the same name, even though it’s a whole different language family.

Now let’s go for a weaker connection than Nitrium/NTR — the connection of the Greek word Nektar. Do you think that this word could be at all related to Natron (NTR)? On the surface, NO! It is from Nek + Ter . Nek means death and Ter means crossing in Indo-European roots. So Greek Nektar means crossing over death and has nothing to do with Natron !!!1!!!111!!! https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nectar

And yet if we put aside our rejection for a moment and look closer, something curious appears:

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What food do the Gods of Olympus eat in Greek mythology?

nectar and ambrosia were known to imbue longevity or even immortality upon the consumer. They were the mediums of eternal life. In truth, nectar and ambrosia were really one consumed by the gods, and when mortals received it it was at the hands of the gods. One great scene in the Illiad shows Thetis filling Patroclus’s nostrils with nectar as a way to transform him with strength and life (19.38–49). Curiously enough, this scene has led a few scholars to suggest that the Greek nektar descended from the Egyptian natron, or salt substance inserted through the nostrils and into the body as a way to preserve eternal life in the Egyptian tradition.

Supporting this idea is the fact that when Greeks opened their barrels of wine the liquor had to be consumed or it would spoil (no corks had been invented). There was a way, however, to prolong the life of the opened wine, and that was by salting it. Wine, seen as a substance of transformation given mortals by the gods, was itself given life by natron or salts which preserved the wine from turning into vinegar.
http://cosmosandlogos.com/?p=756

So then this raises the question of whether the substances of Greek Nektar and Egyptian NTR are related after all. On the surface, they are not and these words are totally unrelated linguistically. They have totally different roots — Nek + Tar vs. NKL (or whatever the African origin was). Granted, the Egyptians in the Old Kingdom were still transitioning their Ts and Ks, but the roots of Nektar and NTR/NKR are still in different languages. And so to someone who classifies languages strictly and sees overlap as next to impossible, such questions are impossible too.

But for me, such questions are not excluded. It really could be that Greeks heard the word «NTR» or «NKR» and reformulated it in their own language based on their own linguistics. So they interpreted NKR, whatever the original roots in African languages, in terms of their Greek language. And so for the Greeks, the Egyptian substance that sounded like Nekr or Netr became in Greek Nek+tar or Nektar, a substance for crossing over into the afterlife. (Unless someone thinks the whole PIE etymology is mistaken and Nektar is a pure borrowing from Egyptian NTR/NKR).

So either a. it’s a coincidence that Nektar and the substance NTR seem to have a parallel meaning and similar sounds, or else b. the words Nektar and NTR themselves are related and one was intentionally invented based on the other. Personally I think the latter possibility is more likely, but it’s not super-important for me to prove.

Edited August 23, 2016 by rakovsky

GOD NTR

THE KISWAHILI-BANTU RESEARCH UNIT

FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE
ANCIENT EGYPTIAN LANGUAGE

The De-agglutination and
Agglutination of the Emblem of Divinity NTJR, NTR.

NTJR-NTR:
The Emblem of Divinity
NTJR-NTR

Researched by Ferg Somo

There has
been much thought provoking attempts by scholars throughout the ages to try
and understand the significance and meaning behind the Ancient Egyptian emblem
of divinity seen here pictorially.

The
Ancient Egyptians left us without any clues about their sacred emblem. Sir
Alan Gardiner in his book on Ancient Egyptian grammar thought that the emblem
was a ceremonial flag. However on closer examination and by researching the
subject in depth I have found that the emblem of divinity does not represent a
ceremonial flag.

In this
exploration, the linguistic aspects of the Kiswahili-Bantu language will be
used together with other Bantu languages to heighten support in establishing
the Ancient Egyptian word for God. I shall derive important meanings from the
Ancient Egyptian word by using the Kiswahili-Bantu language and linking it to
the familiar phrase ‘Mdw Ntr’, the words spoken by God, in short the
term used for hieroglyphics or divine speech. The evidence I provide have been
found to be true especially when the word for God in Ancient Egyptian is
compared with the word for God as The Creator or the designer of all in a
particular Bantu language. The particular Bantu language which uses the
identical word for God as The Creator will be discussed later once an in-depth
exploration has been made. We have been able to overcome the difficult task of
unlocking the common etymology of the word. Finding the correct etymology has
up to now evaded analysis by modern scholarship. I hope this important
discovery will further raise awareness of the important research being carried
out on the linguistic structure of the Ancient Egyptian language and the
indelible evidence presented here will stand the test of time. The etymology
of the word discovered will not falter. It will endure and overcome critical
analysis by members of the public. This is not a study in religious education.
It is a study substantiated with real evidence derived from common
observations made between the Kiswahili-Bantu and Ancient Egyptian language.
The word we have researched is the actual word the Ancient Egyptians would
have used for their God.

The ideas
which represent the Ancient Egyptian emblem of divinity are firmly based on
ancient Bantu traditions. The consonants which make up the image of the emblem
of divinity are many and, present one with different pronunciations of the
word. According to Sir Alan Gardiner, when the emblem of divinity is given on
its own, it is to be read as NTJR. However when a female deity is
represented the consonants change to NTR. The TJ sound
representing male deities changes to the T sound when representing
female deities. One would not expect to see such changes in sounds. Generally
speaking the Ancient Egyptians used an identical stem to denote a masculine or
feminine noun, but would use a different ending for the feminine case. The
letter T, at the end of the stem of the word was used to signify a
feminine noun. However there are always exceptions to the rule.

Scholars
of the Ancient Egyptian language have tried to look for the correct etymology
of the Ancient Egyptian word for God in the Coptic language. However the
Coptic word for God is NOUTE. Like most words which describe God, the
etymology of the Coptic word for God has never been analyzed. In other words
the root of the word is unknown. The Coptic word for God NOUTE does not
inform us who God is or what is the function of God. This poses an even
greater enigma for such a fundamental word which should have retained its
radical root and remained stable over the centuries since Coptic and Ancient
Egyptian are said to be closely related languages. 

In trying
to establish a meaning to, who God is or what God does, scholars of the
Ancient Egyptian language have described the emblem of divinity in the
following ways: mighty, might, strength, power, powerful, or power to renew.
Whilst there may be some truth in these descriptions, they must remain
speculative since the etymology and precise meaning of the word representing
the emblem of divinity is not known at this stage. We have established through
research that the Ancient Egyptian term for God is closely related to the
Bantu model describing God as a creator or maker. First and foremost, the
Bantu model sees God as being the creator who shapes and forms like a potter.

From
linguistic observations, we have established that the Ancient Egyptian word
for God, defined by the consonants, NTJR, or NTR, contains a verb which is
hidden within the consonants. Identifying and unlocking the hidden verb has
taken five years of trial and error study.

THE ANCIENT EGYPTIAN EMBLEM OF DIVINITY

 
THE ETYMOLOGY OF NTJR, NTR

The
Ancient Egyptian emblem of divinity must be seen in terms of Bantu cultural
traditions. Might and power are essential qualities for a nation to survive.
Thus the emblem of a spear or a hand axe signifies authority to rule and
govern. Some Bantu cultural traditions have abandoned the hand axe as an
emblem of authority, but have retained the spear. In Luvale-Bantu traditions a
hand axe called CHI-MBUYA, was carried by a male chief as an emblem of
authority.

The image
of the Ancient Egyptian emblem of divinity is similar to the hand axe or spear
in Bantu tradition and denotes supreme power and authority. Thus the Ancient
Egyptian God was associated with the symbol of the cutting edge of a hand axe.
A spear with a point and a flat cutting edge is commonly seen in Southern
Africa as ‘The Spear Of The Nation’, for it propels a forward lead
giving direction by its piercing point. The stopping force of a spear is a
measure of power, the authority to rule and govern.

Thus the
emblem of a weapon is used as an image associated with power and authority.
The Ancient Egyptian emblem of divinity represented the power of God and the
emblem portraying this was nothing more than the hand axe. Confusing this with
a ceremonial flag as Sir Alan Gardiner did does not stand up to the evidence.
So how may one confirm that a hand axe was used by the Ancient Egyptians to
signify the divine nature of their God?

Consider:

POINTEDNESS AND SHARPNESS

Having a point on a weapon such as a spear or
having the sharpness of an axe is commonly associated with power. Hence in
Southern Africa it is frequently acknowledged in casual conversation, that:

‘A person who possesses a
pointed tool is capable of undertaking anything’

Such a person is described as
NCHORI, a point, a pointed tool.

So how can one confirm with absolute certainty that the ideas examined were
adopted by the Ancient Egyptians? What clear evidence do we have to back up
the research?     
Fortunately we are able to draw on the linguistic evidence embedded within
the consonants NTJR, NTR.

However before we get to the evidence
let us consider a few concepts relevant to our study.

Consider the concepts of:

ARRANGEMENTS AND ORDERLINESS

‘MAKING REGULAR’

‘Arrangement’ and ‘Orderliness’ are the key underlying ideas embedded within
the consonants NTJR, NTR. The idea of ‘making regular’
means to achieve an orderly state by systematic arrangements, a state of total
equilibrium or harmony. Making regular is to conform to normal principles, to
make correct, proper, to be well ordered, to fit. Thus the creation of the
universe is commonly seen as being ‘regular’ or ‘orderly’

The conditions giving rise to orderliness is
generally attributed to the creative power of a supreme being we call God.
Concepts of symmetry, harmony, are likewise states of orderly arrangements.
‘Making regular’ by ordering, arranging, making equal, are conceptual
ideas found within Bantu and Kiswahili-Bantu words. Bantu languages are seen
to be orderly, for they classify and arrange words in a well
ordered-structured way. The Ancient Egyptians too shared these concepts and
used them to define their emblem of divinity.

HOW WAS THIS DONE?

To understand these conceptual ideas, consider the Kiswahili-Bantu word ‘ANDAA’.
The fundamental meaning is, to prepare, or to put in order. ‘ANDIKA’,
which is derived from the same stem as ANDAA, means, to put or lay on,
to apply anything to, to besmear, to plaster, to set in order, lay out and
arrange, write, (make a mark), enroll, register in a book.

It is
becoming clear that,

‘Writing is the
laying down of orderly arrangements’

It
conforms to systematic sets of principles. These principles are traditions
vividly expressed in Bantu geometric art and network designs. Thus writing,
painting or incisions made on the body are commonly considered to be states of
orderliness. These states of orderliness are harmonizing arrangements of
artistic forms, brought about by oral ancestral beliefs, usually divine in
nature and passed down through the generations.

Consider
next:

THE ETYMOLOGY

OF THE KISWAHILI-BANTU WORD CH-ORA, J-ORA, T-ORA

The
Kiswahili word CH-ORA, J-ORA, T-ORA, with its many pronunciations, is
an interesting word with an etymology derived from the common Bantu verb form
-ORA or -OLA. The basic understanding of the verb has the
underlying idea of ‘making regular’. As an example consider pouring
water from one pot to another to fit the quantity for a meal. The action in
this instance is seen as ‘making regular’ and denotes a final state of
completion, equilibrium, balance and orderliness. The ideas above carry
forward to the following meanings of the verb -ORA, or -OLA, to
trace, engrave, mark and carve a design. These descriptions of the verb -ORA,
-OLA conform to ‘making regular’. The actions are seen as orderly
arrangements, laid down and established by a set of traditionally accepted
rules. They also form the basis of Bantu initiation and ceremonial practices.
Markings or writings are therefore religious acts, and are sacred. They help
to establish cultural identity and are seen as spiritual anchors of ancestral
beliefs.

Meanings of the Kiswahili-Bantu word CHORA in Bantu
languages

The word
CH-ORA is also pronounced as J-ORA or even T-ORA in the
Kiswahili-Bantu language. The prefixes, CH, J, or T are
interchangeable. Several types of prefixes of the verb may be used, and vary
between Bantu languages. Here are a few examples with a wide range of meanings
derived from the verb -ORA, or OLA. Notice the various types of
Bantu prefixes used.

Southern Sotho-Bantu

NG-OLA
means to engrave, to draw, to write, to
register.

MA-NG-OLO
(noun, plural form), The Bible, the Holy- Scriptures

Shona-Bantu

NY-ORA, Tattoo marks (noun form) Make marks with soapstone, write

NY-ORWA
(noun form) Writing, Scripture

MU-NY-ORI
Writer, Secretary, Editor

Kiswahili-Bantu

 
T-ORA, CH-ORA, J-ORA, (verb) to carve, to adorn with carving, make
ceremonial incisions to the body, engrave with a pointed tool, write, draw,
design, paint
T-ORA, (Noun form) small spear,

T-ORA,
orderliness,

T-ORA, (Verb) cackle.
T-ORO, CH-ORO means that which is carved or written, carving, writing,
hieroglyphics and ethnic tattoo

Kinyika-Bantu

NS-ORA, means that which is carved or written, carving, writing.
‘Ku-ora nsora’, to write a letter

Luganda-Bantu

LUY-OLA, Cutting on body for ornament, ethnic mark.

NJ-OLA
(plural form) Carvings, cuttings, thread of screw, ‘Ethnic’ marks.

The study set out so far must be seen in terms of establishing a common link
between Ancient Egyptian and Bantu religious initiation practices. The
question one poses is this; did the Ancient Egyptians use the same word,
TORA, CHORA or JORA?

 Is it
possible to establish a similar word in the Ancient Egyptian vocabulary?

 If the
word, CHORA, TORA or JORA did exist in the Ancient Egyptian
language then clearly there must have been a common point of origin a common
ancestry, between Bantu and Ancient Egyptian.

The
etymology of the word, TORA, CHORA, JORA was known by
Ancient Egyptians, and they used the word CHORA, TORA, JORA with
different prefixes in similar ways as in Bantu.

Let us
establish whether the Ancient Egyptians used the word TORA, CHORA or
JORA. The findings must contain clear supporting evidence. Before we
attempt to analyse the word any further, let us consider various hieroglyphics
which help to establish different sounds in the Ancient Egyptian language. We
shall compare them to the Kiswahili-Bantu language.

The Ancient Egyptian TJ sound

Budge 855a

TJMA

The hieroglyphics TJMA means strong,
courageous, brave and bold.

This is given as CHUMA or JUMA in
Kiswahili-Bantu.

The
hieroglyphics consists of a tethering rope followed by the sickle sign. The
tethering rope presents us with a shifting sound value. Sir Alan Gardiner
states [see Egyptian Grammar, Gardiner pg 27] that it was originally
approximated to the following sounds, TSH or TJ. During the
Middle Kingdom the sound persists in some words, while in others it is
replaced by the T sound. The Kiswahili-Bantu language has the identical
sound shifts and is in keeping with the Ancient Egyptian language.

 Let us
examine a few sound shifts in the Kiswahili language before analyzing the
above hieroglyphics.

Examining sound shifts

 
The Kiswahili-Bantu word CH-ORA, J-ORA, T-ORA, and its equivalent
sounds in other Bantu languages may now be examined and compared with the
Ancient Egyptian sound given by the hieroglyphics above. Studying the shift in
sounds are important indicators, for they help to establish further linguistic
evidence. In Kiswahili and other Bantu languages, the sound shifts are largely
based on localised accents. These traits are universally inherent within all
languages.

Consider
the following equivalent sounds:

 
In Kiswahili-Bantu CH-ORA as in CH-URCH, Ancient Egyptian TJ
sound

Kiswahili-Bantu T-ORA as in T-OWN, Ancient Egyptian T
sound

Kiswahili-Bantu J-ORA as in J-OHN, Ancient Egyptian TJ
sound

Kinyika-Bantu
S-ORA as in S-UN, Ancient Egyptian TSH sound

Next
consider different shifts in sounds for a word used in different regional
areas where the Kiswahili-Bantu language is spoken. Consider the word, ‘To
pasture, to tend animals’. There are various ways of pronouncing this word,
CH-UNGA, SH-UNGA, TU-UNGA. Hence the sound changes are CH, SH, T.

Consider
again another word which is pronounced differently in Kiswahili-Bantu. The
word for a book is CH-UO, TJ-UO or J-UO. The sound changes are,
CH, TJ, J.

The
Ancient Egyptian TJ sound is similar to the Kiswahili CH, or
J, sound. We can test and compare the two sounds by examining the
hieroglyphics.

Budge 855a

TJMA

Ancient Egyptian: TJMA, brave, strong, bold

Analysing
the hieroglyphics and using the sound given in the Ancient Egyptian letters
TJMA, the transliteration in Kiswahili-Bantu is given by the word CHUMA,
or JUMA.

Several
meanings may be derived from the Kiswahili word CHUMA or JUMA.
These are:

CHUMA
iron, steel, weapons, arms, (or gold in Shona-Bantu)

CHUMA
Strong, bold, courageous, brave, strong person, man of steel, a champion, a
person with superhuman qualities, a hero, a supreme being.

The
Kiswahili descriptions of the word CHUMA match the Ancient Egyptian
meanings, word for word.

Budge 855a

TJMA, a God

It is no wonder that the Ancient Egyptians named one of their Gods CHUMA.                    

This makes him a hero, a supreme
being, a supreme ruler.

Now that
we have established the Kiswahili-Bantu and Bantu sound values, CH, J, T,
we can analyse the Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics shown below.

Budge 857a

The hieroglyphics TJRW, Painting, writing,

The hieroglyphics consists of the
tethering rope and has the sound TJ. This is followed by the symbol of
a mouth with sound value R, followed by the quail chick, and sound
value R. The whole set of hieroglyphics ends with the scribe’s outfit.

Kiswahili transliteration, CH-ORWA,
T-ORWA means ‘(Something) written’ or ‘(Something) painted’, a
painting, writing.

Compare this with the Kinyika
language, NS-ORA- ‘that which is carved or written’, or to the Shona-Bantu
language, NY-ORWA- ‘Writing, Scripture’.

Thus the
evidence is becoming clear. The Ancient Egyptians did use the Kiswahili-Bantu
word, CHORA, TJORA, or TORA. Thus the etymology of the Kiswahili
word CHORA, TJORA, or TORA was known to the Ancient
Egyptians.

The
Ancient Egyptians used the word TORA to describe the emblem of divinity
and linked the word to their God.

The visual evidence

 The AXE as the emblem of divinity

Remember the saying:

‘A man with a pointed tool is
capable of undertaking anything’

Further
evidence to substantiate the fact that the emblem of divinity was a hand axe
may be obtained from the sculpture shown above. The sculpture shows an
unmistakable African-looking warrior accompanied by his mate. He is leaning
forward in an attacking position and seen in full action, clutching a spear
and shouldering a protective shield whilst holding the unmistakable form of a
hand axe which appears to be not too dissimilar in form to a flag. The
confusion between a flag and a hand axe is quite discernable in this instance.
Thus the spear, shield, and hand axe were sufficient and necessary weapons of
war in the year 1352 BC.

 Quite
simply the emblem of divinity represented an implement with a sharp cutting
edge, similar in form to a carving or cutting tool, an instrument which
carves- a CARVER, or an AXE. It is interesting to note that
Ancient SAXONS used the SAXON AXE, as an anchor of SAXON
power and identity.

BASOTO BATTLE AXE

 

BATTLE AXE, KASAI, Congo (D.R.) Axe with iron or steel
blade with small circular perforations. Shaft covered with snake skin.

NYAME AKRUMA, GOD’S AXE

THE AKAN SYMBOL OF GOD

The AKAN symbol is based
on Neolithic axe heads, found in the region, and considered by the Akan people
to be the physical remains of thunderbolts hurled by angry Gods. The Akan
would often wear one or more shells as a talisman against lightning strikes
(and later as protection against firearms).

THE ANCIENT EGYPTIAN SYMBOLS OF GOD 

The three
symbols seen below show the visual depictions of the Ancient Egyptian’s
symbols which portray God. The first symbol is a depiction of a staff bound
with a cloth, thus expressing the concept of a flag as given by Sir Alan
Gardiner. The third symbol is a flail, an agricultural implement which uses
force just as an axe is used for carving or cutting. 

In all the three symbols
depicting the God as NTR, we observe that the symbols display some form
of physical force, violence or strength which have became symbols of
domination associated with NTR in predynastic Egypt. The ideas behind
the axe as a symbol of divinity is not new, in fact many cultures around the
world make use of it as may be seen above.

Now that
we have established a visual representation of the hand axe to be a symbol of
power, divinity, we can attack the subject linguistically.

The Linguistic Evidence of the AXE HEAD

ANALYSING NTJR

NTJR, NTR. THE SYMBOL OF
DIVINITY, GOD

Dis-agglutinating NTJR= N
+TJR

N    +    CHORA [TJORA, TORA]

                                
[That which, He who]  +   [Cuts, writes, engraves
hieroglyphics]

The
consonant N is a Bantu prefix formative morpheme, interchangeable with
the MU morpheme. It denotes ‘something pertaining to’ a term of
reference, ‘That which is or the one who is’. As an example the
Kiswahili-Bantu word MTU means a person and can also be pronounced as
NTU.

THE KISWAHILI-BANTU MEANINGS OF

N-CHORA, N-JORA, N-TORA

Agglutinating:

N + CH-ORA = NCHORA.

Consider
some meanings from the above verb form, CHORA, TJORA, TORA.
The Kiswahili-Bantu meanings for the noun form of the verb, N-CHORA,
N-JORA, N-TORA or (MU-CHORA) may be given by the following: That
which carves or cuts’. In other words a carving or cutting tool, i.e. a
carver.

Since the
hieroglyphic denotes a picture of an axe, then the axe was called NCHORA,
or NTORA, a carver, a carving tool, NCHORA = ‘THAT WHICH CARVES’.

N-CHORA

The Designer

The Author of
HIEROGLYPHICS— the word

To design is to plan and arrange something artistically. Thus a designer is a
person who draws up original plans from which things are made.

N-CHORA (Refer to
Shona-Bantu, MU-NYORI) a writer, an author, an engraver

An author
is the beginner or the first mover of anything. Thus a writer, author or
engraver of writing is considered to be an originator or creator. Recall the
saying «God is the author of our being’ The Ancient Egyptian emblem of
divinity embraces the wide variety of meanings, which are derived from an
implement which carves, a carver, an axe.

Thus N-CHORA is a person who
carves and paints HIEROGLYPHICS.
NCHORA is THE WRITER OF HIEROGLYPHICS.
NCHORA is THE TEACHER OF HIEROGLYPHICS.

 
The different sound shifts in the words have similar meanings and may be
interchanged without loss of meaning. Shifts in sounds occur when a change in
accent exists. Regional variations always affect shifts in sound patterns.
Thus N-CHORA, N-JORA, N-TORA is the symbol of an axe, a carving tool,
‘that which carves’. It is also a symbol for ‘The one who creates
hieroglyphics’, a creator.

The
Ancient Egyptians dedicated the emblem of an axe to God. It was God who had
the power and ability to plan, design, carve and write down hieroglyphics. It
was God who possessed the carving tool, the axe. It was God who had the
ability to make final decisions. It was God who was the final claimant.

Finally
the question which arises is this: Did a particular Bantu language use the
same ideas we have studied above linking the verb CHORA or TORA
to give the words NTORA, NJORA or NCHORA, a word which
describes God in the Ancient Egyptian language?

THE SYMBOL OF DIVINITY

 
GOD 

[Kuria-Bantu]     GOD   =  
KENG’-OORI   =   GOD     [Kuria-Bantu]

Kiswahili-Bantu = NT’ORA, NT’ORAI, NT’ORI = Kiswahili-Bantu

NCHORA — NTJR = ANCIENT EGYPTIAN =   NTR — NTORA

GOD, THE CREATOR, DESIGNER OF ALL

After many
years of researching the word for God it has been possible to identify a Bantu
language which uses the verb —OORA as a root in its construction
for deriving the word used for God. By analyzing the Eastern Bantu language
known as KURIA-Bantu spoken widely around the Nyanza province we are
able to obtain resemblances to the following words analyzed before.

In the
Kuria-Bantu language -NG’-OORA, means to design or draw a
pattern, fashion, create, characterize. Again compare this to CH’ORA or
T’ORA in the Kiswahili-Bantu language. These definitions in meanings
when compared to the words of other Bantu languages suggest a commonality of
root. By using various prefixes and the stem of the verb one is able to obtain
the following forms;

ENG’-OORO, a pattern, a design, luck, character,
destiny, how a person is made

EKENG’-OORO or EKENG’-OORAI, a design,
pattern, how one’s made, destiny

Finally we
arrive at the word we are looking for:

The
Kuria-Bantu pre-Christian word KENG’OORA or KENG’-OORI is the
word for God-‘The Creator’ ‘The Designer of All’. The equivalent
word in the Kiswahili-Bantu language is NT’ORA ‘The Designer’

Thus NTJR or NTR have the following
meanings:

• He was THE CREATOR (Kuria-Bantu
  KENG’OORA

·       
He was the one who established order,
NTORA.

·       
He was the possessor of hieroglyphics,
NCHORA.

·       
He was the author, NCHORA.

·       
He was the one who arranged orderliness,
NTORA.

·       
He was the carving tool, NCHORA.

·       
He was a teacher, NCHORA.

·       
He was NCHORA.

·       
He was NTJORA.

·       
He was NTORA.

·       
He made ‘ethnic’ incisions in the body,
NTORA.

·       
He came from Ancient Africa, NTORA

·       
He came from Ancient Egypt, NTJORA.

·       
HE was?… NCHORA…

·       
HE was?… NTORA.

·       
HE was?… NTJORA . NCHORA=NTJORA=NTORA

HE WAS ‘THE GOD OF ANCIENT EGYPT’
…. NCHORA, NTJORA, NTORA….

Copyright © 13 June 1999, Ferg S. All rights reserved

Without limiting the rights under
copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or
by any means (via the Internet or any World Wide Web Site or electronically,
mechanically, by photocopying, by recording or otherwise), without the prior
written permission of the copyright owner.

Email:

Ferg@kaa-umati.co.uk

Website:

www.kaa-umati.co.uk

References:

Carruthers, J.  (1995). MDW
NTR: Divine speech, a historical reflection of African deep thought from the time of the
pharaohs to the present. London: Karnak
House.

Obenga, T. (1992). Ancient
Egypt and black Africa: A student’s handbook for the study
of ancient Egypt in philosophy
linguistics and gender relations. Chicago: U.S.
Office and Distributors: Front Line International (751 East 75th Street,
Chicago, IL 60619).

List Of Ancient Egyptian Gods & Goddesses

«If History Were Taught in the Form of Stories, It Would Never Be Forgotten» and that’s how Egypt achieved immortality. The ancient Egyptians believed in cause and effect, for every action there is a reaction as stated by Newton’s third law, the ancient Egyptians believed that the primary action had to come from a source and that’s why the ancient Egyptians believed in the existence of divine creations that can create, reshape and control everything around them even themselves. The ancient Egyptians looked at the stars, the flooding of the Nile River, the sunrise & sunset, and more to seek an explanation that came in the shape of a vast pantheon of gods. Great tales, temples, and valleys were built in the honor of these heavenly creatures that they came to know as Ancient Egyptian gods and goddesses who were responsible for all the gifts and pleasures of every single soul in Egypt.

Here is a list of famous 50 ancient Egyptian gods & goddesses:

The Origins of Ancient Egyptian Gods & Goddesses

The ancient Egyptians saw that the ancient Egyptian gods and goddesses were celestial beings that can unlock the wonders of the milky way, perform miracles and great acts of wonder, that’s why they decided to honor them by embodying them into a physical form that can be found all over Egypt in Cairo, Alexandria, Luxor, & Aswan. Their entire life focused on the worship of the ancient Egyptian gods and goddesses which became an integral part of their daily lives. Ancient Egypt had over 2000 ancient Egyptian deities that each represented and controlled an aspect of the environment and had a deep & vital role in the immortal quest of every human being.

One key component of their spiritual awareness was the magic or what they called «Heka» which was a divine power that holds everything together in the mortal and divine life. Egypt has enjoyed a massive number of stories and myths that affected their life deeply, most of these Egyptian mythology gods’ stories were discovered on the walls of their temples in Luxor or passed down from one generation to another. Ancient Egyptian goddesses & gods provided the people with everything they needed. The deities of ancient Egypt had names, unique powers, special features & transformations, individual personalities, traits, characteristics, style of clothing, personal sacred objects which had an impact on the infinite sphere of Egyptian society. The ancient Egyptian gods and goddesses were known to take the physical form of a human and an animal like a phoenix, bull, cat, crocodile, lioness, falcon, and more.

The ancient Egyptian Gods & Goddesses are a heavenly physical & spiritual flection of the ancient Egyptian imagination & power of creativity, Egypt tours will be the ideal means to fully discover & explore the incredible monuments & attractions that preserve the existence & memory of the ancient Egyptian deities.

1. Amun (Amun-Ra) «The Creator God»

Amun is the god of all gods, creator of existence, the supreme leader of gods and humanity in both the world of the living and the dead. He was the patron of the city of Thebes and even when the god Ra rose to Power since the days of the old kingdom of Egypt (2686-2181 BCE), Amun’s position was untouched as he even merged with him to become the supreme god Amun-Ra «The Hidden One» during the 16th to the 13th centuries BC during the new kingdom of Egypt (1570 – 1050 BC) who was worshipped with his wife goddess Mut and son Khonsu the moon god as the Theban triad. The position of the priestess wife of Amun was very powerful to the point where it can rival the position of a pharaoh. He can be seen as a human wearing a double plumed crown and sometimes depicted as a ram or a goose as shown by his time in the Karnak.

2. Ra (Atum) «God of Sun»

RA «Atum» is the great sun god. He is the personification of this mighty star and everything in Egypt including the pyramids of Giza. Ra was one of the first celestial beings who created the universe, life, and order instead of chaos. Ra was the supreme creator who ruled over the land of both the living and the dead. He is the father of the deities of Shu «The Air God» and the Tefnut «Goddess of Moisture and Rain«. He was the one celestial divine being to stand on the primordial mound of chaos and create life BenBen and order and create the universe. He looked like a child in the morning, an adult almost high noon, and an old man in the evening, he wears a crown with a solar disk upon which a sacred asp rested. He was the most powerful god who would protect other gods and souls from the primordial serpent «Apophis» as shown by his time in the Karnak.

3. Osiris «God of Justice»

Osiris is one of the early gods of creation and the five original gods, the great-grandson of Amun, and the ruler of the Underworld. He was the god of fertility who grow in fame, popularity, and influence because of the Osiris Myth in which he is killed by his evil brother Set «God of the Desert» then brought back to life by his sister-wife Isis «Goddess of Motherhood and Healing» and Horus the Elder, then descends to the underworld and became a lord and judge of the dead. In the afterlife, he is the main judge in the hall of Truth who weighs the souls of the dead against a white feather of the goddess Maat «Goddess of Truth and Justice«. He is depicted as a mummy with usually green or black skin, two ostrich feathers, holding a crook and flail of kingship, and a beard. Many ancient Egyptians chose to be buried near his cult in Abydos.

4. Isis «Goddess of Motherhood»

Isis is also known as Mut-Netier «Mother of the Gods» and West- Kekau «The Great Magic» has become a super deity that had a connection with virtually every aspect of humanity in time, life, and death. She was the wife of Osiris the ruler of the underworld and the mother of Hours the falcon sky god. She was known as Eset which means «Goddess of the Throne«. She became the most powerful and famous Egyptian mythology goddess due to the Osiris myth and her true care for other gods and humans as she appeared to them after death to guide them to paradise. She was depicted with a tail and a throne on her head and sometimes breastfeeding infant Horus. She had a massive cult that was extremely powerful that was worshiped in every part of the world from Britain through Europe in Greece and Rome to Asia.

5. Hathor «Goddess of Drunkenness»

Hathor is one of the most famous and important ancient deities in Egyptian mythology known as the lady of drunkenness and lady of the sycamore. She was the goddess of drunkenness, joy, music, dancing, celebration, women, childbirth, and love. She was seen as a celestial mother goddess that was connected to the sacred reflection of the Milky Way as the Nile River. She is also associated with gratitude and being thankful. In her earliest form, she was known as Sekhment the goddess of destruction and vengeance who would execute punishment on behave of Ra on humanity because of their sins. Ra offered her a vat of beer dyed red at Dendera which she drank and fell asleep and woke up as Hathor. She is the daughter of Ra, who defends paradise from Apep aboard the sun barge of Ra, She also helps guide the souls in the afterlife to Paradise. She lives in sycamore trees so she became known as «The Lady of the Sycamore«. She is depicted as a woman with a cow’s head or simply a cow.

6. Ma’at «Goddess of Balance»

Ma’at is the goddess of justice, truth, and most importantly harmony. She is considered to be one of the most important deities as the concept of balance & harmony and was a central focus to the culture and every aspect of the ancient Egyptian and an important component of all of time and space within existence. She put the stars in the sky and regulated all four seasons. She also took part in the afterlife as she transforms into the feather of truth that weighed against the hearts to make the right judgment to enter paradise «The Fields of Reeds» or fade into the void by Ammut. The word Maat become known as «That Which Is Straight» and throughout the entire history of the ancient Egyptian civilization, every aspect or any action has been passed on the principles of Maa’t. She was presented as a woman wearing an ostrich plume and sitting on her heels.

7. Horus «God of Sky»

The legendary deity of the sky, the son of Osiris the ruler of the underworld, and Isis the goddess of motherhood and healing Horus is an avian god who is directly connected to the sky, the sun, and the divine power of the heavens. He is very famous and well-known because of his relation to the kings of ancient Egypt since the First Dynasty (c. 3150-2890 BCE) as he’s a symbol of victory and order and all the kings believed that they were the incarnation of Horus in life and his father Osiris in death because of the Osiris Myth which he challenges and defeats his evil uncle Set to avenge his father and restore order and peace to Egypt. His symbol is the Hawk and the famous Eye of Horus the Wadjet eye which he sacrificed to save his father. Many confuse him with Hours the ELDER one of the early gods of creation. He takes the shape of a giant hawk or a falcon and usually features as a man with the head of a Hawk. The Four Sons of Horus Hapy, Imset, Duamutef, and Qebehsenuef were responsible for the dead in the four canopic jars placed in the tomb where each had his own cardinal point to protect the internal organ stored inside the jar.

8. Anubis «God of Death»

One of the most recognized ancient Egyptian gods is Anubis who is the god of the dead, mummification, tombs, the afterlife, embalming, cemeteries, the Underworld, and judgment. He is considered to be one of the most renowned, mentioned, and depicted gods of Egyptians. He is the son of Osiris and Nephthys. He is known by many names and had many roles; he was an embalmer, protector of tombs, guide of souls, and the weigher of hearts and guardian of the scales, «First of the Westerners«, «He Who is Upon his Sacred Mountain«, «Lord of the Sacred Land«, «The Dog who Swallows Millions«, «Ruler of the Nine Bow«, «He Who is in the Place of Embalming«, «Master of Secrets«, and «Foremost of the Divine Booth«. He is known to be the original god of the dead, who determined if a soul would be allowed to enter the afterlife and guided the souls of the dead to the hall of Truth in the underworld to take part in the ritual of weighing the heart to the feather of Ma’at in the afterlife to determine their fate. He’s depicted as a man with the head of a jackal carrying a staff featured on temples and tombs all over Egypt.

9. Set «God of Deception»

Set was the God of chaos, storms, pestilence, and war, plus was translated as the Destroyer & the Instigator of Confusion. He is considered a symbol of evil for killing his brother Osiris the ruler of Egypt who then became the ruler of the underworld and brought a new age of darkness to Egypt. Set was initially a hero-god who ran away and even killed the serpent Apep (Apophis) from the sun ship barge of the Ra sun god. He was seen as a necessary evil and a balance to the good, fertility, and vitality of both Osiris and Horus. He is seen as the first murderer in existence as he killed his own brother Osiris to usurp the golden throne of Egypt. He is a desert god who brought devilish winds to the Nile River in order to steal the throne and take control. For eight years, he battled his nephew the sky god Hours in the place which became known as the Edfu Temple, and in the end, Horus won and was declared king of Egypt. He is depicted as a red beast like a fox with cloven hooves and a forked tail that spreads catastrophes like storms, tsunamis, volcanoes, and any kind of disaster.

10. Nephthys «Goddess of Funerals»

Nephthys is a funerary goddess, one of the primal first five gods of Nut and Geb, the twin of Isis, the wife of Set, and the mother of Anubis from Osiris. She is considered to be a dark goddess opposite to the light of her sister Isis the goddess of healing and motherhood. Her name means «Mistress of the Temple Enclosure» or «Mistress of the House» and is depicted as a woman with a house on her head. She is known to be a friend of the dead as she cares for the souls in the afterlife and she guided professional mourners at funerals, who would encourage the open expression of grief through melodies known as the «Kites of Nephthys«. She was seen as a dark deity opposite the light of her sister Isis. She played a key part in the Osiris Myth as she loved Osiris, she transformed herself into the form of Isis to seduce him and that’s how Anubis came to be. She betrayed the location of Osiris’s corpse to Set but later on helped Isis revive his soul from the underworld.

11. Nut «Goddess of Earth»

Nut was the primordial sky goddess who was the wife of the Geb the god of Earth and the mother of Osiris, Isis, Set, and Nephthys. She was created by Shu and Tefnut the offspring of Atum creates the world and when Atum reunited with them, he shed tears of joy which created humanity. Shu and Tefnut give birth to Geb (Earth) and Nut (Sky) and they, in turn, fell in love and had the four original gods despite Amun’s refusal who stated that Nut could not give birth on any day of the year so Thoth the god of wisdom was able to win five days with a gamble with the moon god thus providing five days to give birth to five children. Each limb represented a cardinal point when her body stretched over the earth. She was often depicted swallowing the sun in the evening and giving birth to the sun at night.

12. Shu «God of Air»

Shu is a primordial god of air whose name means «Emptiness«. He was one of the first two gods ever created by Atum with his sister-wife Tefnut. Shu was the god of the air, sunlight, god of the upper atmosphere above the earth, and dry air and his wife was the goddess of moisture. He was depicted as a man wearing a headdress in the form of a plume, which is also the hieroglyph for his name. His job was to separate the sky from the earth. When he and Tefnut returned to Ra after a long time, he cried tears of joy which led to the creation of humanity. Shu and Tefnut gave birth to Geb and Nut who gave birth to the rest of the ancient Egyptian gods. The mist was known as «Lakes of Shu» and the clouds as «Bones of Shu» plus he was also associated with brightness and light.

13. Tefnut «Goddess of Moisture»

Tefnut was the sister-wife of Shu, daughter of Atum (Ra), the goddess of moisture, and corrosive air, plus was depicted either as a lioness or a woman with a lioness’s head. She was the mother of Nut and Geb. She and her husband were the first gods created by Atum. She is the goddess of the atmosphere of the lower world, the earth.

14. Bastet «Goddess of Beauty»

Bastet is a beautiful & enchanting goddess of cats, a guardian from evil & misfortune, fertility, and the daughter of Ra who was loved by all who distributed her talismans and amulets on all her subjects & worshippers. She was worshipped as early as the Second Dynasty (2890 BCE) and so revered as in 525 BCE the Persians used the Egyptian devotion to Bastet against them when they painted images of Bastet on their shield and drove cats in front of their armies and as a result, the Egyptians lost the battle of Pelusium instead of offending their gods. Bastet and Sekhmet were known to be two aspects of the same goddess, as Sekhmet represented the powerful warrior and guardian aspect while Bastet was depicted as a cat which represented a gentler aspect more forgiving. She was depicted as a cat or a woman with a cat’s head. Her myth was used to create the DC character «Catwoman«.

15. Thoth «God of Intellect»

Thoth was the god of wisdom, knowledge, and truth who was credited as the inventor of writing and the record-keeper of the gods. He was one of the most important and famous deities in the Egyptian pantheon who was worshipped from the Predynastic Period (6000-3150 BCE) all the way to the Ptolemaic Dynasty (323-30 BCE). He invented writing and was the record-keeper of the gods plus he became known by many titles as «Lord of Time» and «Reckoner of Years» as he recorded the passing of time through his deep knowledge of the magical effect of words and had the power to give Pharaohs and kings a longer reign thus maintaining his order across the earth. He is beloved among humanity for providing people with the blessed gifts of the written words. He is also the patron of libraries and scribes plus he was able to give Nut five days of moonlight so she can be able to give birth to the original five gods without disobeying Amun. He is also known to be a benefactor of humanity as he gave them the gift of the written word. Along with Osiris, He stands to keep records in the Hall of Truth during the Weighing of the heart. His consort is Seshat and is depicted as a man with the head of an ibis or a baboon holding a writing implement and his wife or daughter was Seshat who was his female counterpart and the goddess of libraries and books.

16. Ptah «God of Memphis»

The glorious god Ptah is the ruler of the city of Memphis, lord of truth, creator of the world, and one of the most ancient Egyptian deities since the first dynastic period (3150-2613 BC) but many believe that Ptah is actually from the Predynastic Period (6000-3150 BCE), who appeared under the name «Ptah-Nun» or «Ptah-Naunet«. Ptah is the main patron god of craftsmen, sculptors, builders, plus all artists of all kinds. Ptah deity is one of the oldest gods in Egyptian mythology; he is often confused with the sun god Ra as the creator of the universe as there are different stories showing him standing on the primordial mound of the ben-ben at the time of the creation of the world where he used to be an early fertility god. He is seen as a mummified man who wears a skull cap and holds the Was scepter combined with the Ankh and the Djed forming the scepter of authority. The name of Egypt was derived from the Greek word Aigyptos which corresponds to the word Hat-Ka-Ptah which means «Temple of the Soul of Ptah» located in Memphis city. Ptah was known by many names as Ptah-Nun, Ptah-Naunet, Ptah-hotep, and Ptah-Sokar-Osiris.

17. Khonsu «God of Lunar»

Khonsu (Chonsu, Kons, Khensu, or Chons) is the God of the moon and vengeance, his name means the Traveler plus he had the titles «Pathfinder» and «Embracer» and «Defender«. He is shown as a mummy holding a crook and a flail with a moon disc on his head and uraeus. He played a great role in the creation of new life in the image of living creatures. Across the walls of his temple at the Karnak is the creation myth where Khonsu is depicted as the «Greatest God of the Great Gods» and as the grand snake who fertilizes the Cosmic Egg in the creation of the world. He was a part of the Theban triad with his father Amun and Mother Mut. He was very popular, revered, and worshiped as one of the greatest gods especially during the days of the new kingdom (1570-1050 BC) because of his miraculous abilities like the instant healing of the sick. His story is also used for Marvel’s superhero «Moon Knight«.

18. Khnum «God of Potters»

Khnum is the original patron god of potters and every single artist & craftsman who works in ceramic & pottery, and he is also considered the main source of the Nile. He originated from the Nubia in Upper Egypt where he grow in power and fame. He is one of the oldest gods in history and Egyptian mythology, plus was known as the god guardian of the source of the Nile. He gained the title «Divine Potter» and «Lord of Created Things from Himself«. He was the guardian patron deity of the Island Elephantine. He was responsible for the creation of humans from the clay of the Nile River, then, he held the clay statues towards them to Ra «The Sun God«, to give them life then the souls of humans were placed in the womb to then breathe and exist on earth. He is depicted as the ram-headed god who represents fertility and virility. Khnum was referred to as the «Father of the Fathers» and the goddess Neith as the «Mother of the Mothers» at the temple of Esna.

19. Hapi «God of Fertility»

Hapi is the prime god of fertility and Nile silt is associated with the inundation which was the main source of the Nile that the ancient Egyptian farmers relied on for growing their crops. He is celebrated as a great god who became «Lord of the River Bringing Vegetation» and «Lord of the Fish and Birds of the Marshes». The cult of Hapi was located at the First Cataract of the island Elephantine.  Hapi is shown depicted as a man with a large belly and breasts signifying success and fertility who personified the Nile River at the time of the flood.

20. Sobek «God of the Nile»

Sobek is the Crocodile God, the lord of wetlands and marshes, and unexpected death with a connection with medicine and surgery. He is a very famous god in Egyptian mythology, especially in the old kingdom, who is associated with procreation, fertility, medicine, and the Nile which was considered to be the sweat of Sobek. He is dedicated as a man with a crocodile’s head and his cult was known to have live crocodiles. He lived on a mythical mountain at the horizon where he ruled with absolute power and was linked with Ra to form what is known to be Sobek-Ra. He had a great connection with the Nile as it was considered to be his sweat.

21. Bes «God of Entertainment»

Bes is a famous Dwarf god that symbolizes childbirth, fertility, and humor. He is the protector & guardian against evil spirits, the protector of women, and children, the common man, the guardian against evil, and the warrior of divine order, balance, and justice. He is known to be as more than a divine spirit as he was depicted across many everyday items such as mirrors, furniture, knife handles, and more. His consort is the hippopotamus goddess Taweret of fertility and childbirth. Bes is depicted s a bearded dwarf with large ears, a lion-like mane, and a pug nose. His amulets and sculptures were considered a source of fun and good luck.

22. Tawaret «Goddess of Childbirth»

The Great Goddess of the hippopotamus «Tawaret» stands as a symbol of childbirth and fertility. She was renowned across the history of ancient Egypt as the protector of children and an vitale aid to women during their birth and pregnancy. The female hippo is very protective of her children while the male hippo is very dangerous and aggressive and can be seen as associated with Set. She can be seen on household items such as furniture, pots, cosmetic cases, spoons, and more. She is known to be one of the followers of the sky Falcon god of protection & victory «Horus» as she is very content with the goddess of beauty «Hathor«. She is the consort of the god Bes of entertainment, and humor.

23. Neith «Goddess of Arrows»

The goddess Neith is one of the oldest ancient Egyptian goddesses represented in Lower Egypt as she was worshipped there in the predynastic period (6000 – 3150 BC) until the end of the Ptolemaic dynasty (323 – 30 BC). She is depicted as a war, funerary, mother, warrior, and creator goddess plus she was the patron of the city of Sais in the Nile Delta. She is dedicated and seen with a bow and arrows which explains why she gained the name Mistress of the Bow. She is famous as the Grandmother of the gods because she is known to be connected with the waters of chaos Nun, and known to be the inventor of birth plus the process of living and growing all sorts of things. She is depicted as a judge in the Hall of Truth and the protector & helper of the dead.

24. Serket «Goddess of Scorpions»

She is known as the scorpion goddess who was worshipped in the first dynasty (3150 – 2890 BC) all the way across the history of ancient Egypt as her golden statue was found in the tomb of Tutankhamen. She is an early mother goddess who protected children and people from the dangers of the scorpion and all kinds of venoms. Serket is known to follow Isis’s example and be a symbol of forgiveness and protection after Isis healed a boy from the venom of a scorpion whose mother insulted Isis and then was forgiven by her. All of her priests were physicians who used her name and teaching in the healing of the ill and wounded. She also played a part in guiding the souls of the dead to Paradise and protecting them from any danger.

25. Nekhbet «Goddess of Vultures»

She is a unique goddess of the vultures, known to be one of the oldest goddesses of Egypt that dates back to the first dynasty (3150 – 2890 BC). She is the patron of the Pharaoh and is often shown spread over the king with her wings. She comes in the shape of a vulture who was the guardian of Upper Egypt. Her shrine was in the city of the dead Nekheb. She was associated with her sister Wadjet who they were called «The Two Ladies«.

26. Wadjet «Goddess of Kingship»

One of the most famous and oldest protective Egyptian goddesses in the history of ancient Egypt starts from the predynastic period when it was worshipped as a goddess of lower Egypt. Like her sister, she is one of her daughters of Ra. She played an important role in creation which involved the planting of the first Papyrus in the swamps of the Nile delta and helped Isis hide & raise Horus to total safety away from Set. She was known as West-Hekau which means «Great of Magic» as she offered protection against bad luck, evil spirits, demons, and ghosts. She was represented as a rearing Cobra known as the King’s Uraeus.

27. Kherty «God of the Underworld»

Kherty is an important god who ferried the dead into the afterlife, He is a ram-headed god of the underworld who ruled the underworld during the old kingdom before Osiris became the Ruler of the Underworld. He was the god of the Duat who was seen as a recumbent and mummified ram. During the Old Kingdom (2613-2181 BCE) Kherty was believed to rule the afterlife with Osiris. He took control of the entrance and the hallways leading to the hall of truth and the fields of reeds which he greeted the dead once they arrived. He is shown as the protector of the kings but also as an enemy of the order who threatened the deceased kings on the way to the underworld.

28. Nefertum «God of Perfume»

Nefertum is the beautiful god of perfume and sweet aromas, who was born from the essence of a blue lotus at the dawn of creation. His name means «Beautiful One Who Closes» or «One Who Does Not Close«, a beautiful Atum who was associated with enchanting & sweet-smelling flowers. Nefertem is the son of the creator god Ptah, and the goddesses Sekhmet and Bast were called his mother. He represents the first sunlight and the enchanting smell of the Egyptian blue lotus flower. He represented the concepts of transformation and rebirth due to his connection with flowers and gods. He played a role in providing healing aromas to cure disease and wounds. He is seen as a handsome young man with blue water-lily flowers around his head.

29. Renenutet «Goddess of Nursing»

The Renenutet is a very special and unique goddess who was depicted as a cobra or a rearing cobra on the head of a Queen, her name means «Snake Who Nourishes» as she was the goddess of raising children and nursing. She had the power to determine the length of a person’s life and their entire destiny. She was viewed as Atum’s wife or consort, and the mother of Osiris. She is associated with the goddess of destiny and childbirth Meskhenet who played a role in determining the length of a person’s life and everyone’s most important life events. She is connected with Neith and is referred to as the mother of Osiris. She was seen as a fertility goddess that was linked to the Nile River, the inundation, and the god Hapi of the fertile mud of the Nile River. In the afterlife, she was known as the lady of justifications due to her link with Ma’at. She was known as the lady of the fertile fields and the lady of granaries who protected the harvest of the grains with Hapi. She was known as «Lady of the Robes» as she protected the clothing worn by the king. She was seen as a grain goddess known as «Lady of the Fertile Fields» and «Lady of the Granaries» that protected the harvest. She would appear as a fire-breathing cobra protecting the pharaoh from his enemies.

30. Heka «God of Magic»

The Heka is one of the most important ancient Egyptian gods, who is the Patron of medicine and magic and was the primordial source of knowledge and power in the universe. The Heka was known as «Before Duality Had Yet Come Into Being» and was created before the gods and was present during the creation of the universe and even before Atum. He is seen as the son of Menhet, Neith, and Khnum. He is depicted as a man carrying a knife and a staff plus his physicians were known as the priests of Heka who can practice magic and medicine which explains why it became a very famous god among doctors. Heka has a very close connection with the power of word and speech because in the world of Egyptian magic both action and words had a powerful impact. It is believed that he killed two serpents and then entwined them to his staff as a symbol of his power which was later passed to the Greeks who created the caduceus that is found in the hands of Hermes. Nowadays, the caduceus is confused with the magical rod of Asclepius. 

31. Aker «God of the Horizon»

The magical deified horizon god and the guardian of the western and eastern horizons of the afterlife Aker was known as an earthly and underworld god who was responsible for protecting the sun barges of the Sun God Ra when leavening and entering the underworld during dawn and dusk. Its job was to create a mythological bridge between the two horizons of Egypt using his body. He is connected with a number of gods which are Geb, Ra, and Khepri. He is depicted as a sundeck located between two back and back lions merged by the torso while looking away from each other. Aker stands as a representation of the underworld itself. The lions are known by Duaj as «Yesterday» and the other Sefer as «Tomorrow«.

32. Anhur «God of Hunting»

The glorious Onuris «Anhur» was the deity of hunting and war whose name means «He Who Brings Back The Distant One» which can be traced back to the story of the Eye of Ra where the eye of Horus is transformed into a lion then hunted by Onuris then returned to Ra where it transforms again into Mekhit who then becomes his consort. He is depicted as the son of Ra and is associated with the god Shu. He is known formerly to become the personification of royal warriors and the patron god of hunters and the Egyptian army who always lead them to battle to win and bring them home safely. He is depicted as a great bearded man who wears a headdress with four feathers and a robe while wearing a lance or a spear plus he has occasionally a lion-headed god that represents divine strength.

33. Aten «God of the Sun-Disk»

The miraculous sun disk of Aten was created by pharaoh Akhenaten (1353-1336 BCE) as part of his mission to declare monotheism under the sole god creator of the universe Aten across the lands of Egypt that was always based on the principle of polytheism. Aten is based on one of the aspects of the sun god Ra and it is mentioned by Akhenaten as the giver of life and nurturing spirit of the world. The major cult of Aten was located in the Amarna and was dismantled by the famous Tutankhamun.

34. Bennu «The Phoenix God»

The legendary avian deity of the Bennu Bird is a golden deity of creation and resurrection which acted as the inspiration for the Greek bird the Phoenix. It was featured very closely with the great gods of ancient Egypt which include Atum (RA) where it first appeared at the dawn of creation and flew over the primordial waters. The Bennu bird represented the concept of rebirth, sun, and creation which was the Ba of RA. It was very associated with Osiris and was known by the names the «He Who Came Into Being by Himself«, and «Lord of Jubilees«. It took the city of Heliopolis as it is headquarters plus it is very connected to the ancient myth of creation.

35. Geb «God of the Earth»

The ancient Egyptian God of the earth and growing crops and plants whose laugh caused earthquakes plus the father of snakes. Geb is the son of Shu and Tefnut, husband of Nut the goddess of the sky. Geb is one of the oldest gods in ancient Egyptian history and acts as part of the Heliopolitan Ennead. He is known to have given birth to Osiris, Isis, Set, Nephthys, Heru-ur, and Nehebkau with his consorts Nut, Tefnut, and Renenutet. He is associated with healing, earth, vegetation plus underworld, and royalty. He is connected with the mythological divine creator goose that laid a world egg where the world is located on.

36. Khepri «God of the Beetle»

The Khepri god is a solar deity known as an aspect of the sun god Ra and part of Atum which is shown by the scarab beetle and represents the rising morning sun. It represents the concept of renewal of life and creation which is expected from the famous Scarab beetle that had an impact on the ancient Egyptian civilization. Khepri acts as the main creator Sun-God, protector, and god of resurrection plus known for his ability to renew the day with every new sun. The Khepri is seen as a scarab beetle head and the body of a man.

37. Montu «God of War»

The falcon war god mount came into existence and at the highest prominence in the 11th dynasty at the divine golden lands of Thebes (2060-1991 BCE). He is very associated with the sun god Ra as Montu was seen as a manifestation of the burning effect of Ra. Montu stands as a symbol of the union of the kingship of both Lower and Upper Egypt and when linked with Horus, it was seen as a powerful war god. The war god Montu is depicted as a falcon-headed or bull-headed man as a symbol of strength with his head surrounded by the solar disk and two feathers plus he is seen carving a number of weapons like a spear, bow, and arrows. He is sometimes confused with Onuris “Anhur” the son of Ra and the patron of the army and hunters who became known as «He Who Brings Back The Distant One«.

38. Wadj-wer «God of Mediterranean Sea»

The Uat-Ur Wadj-wer is seen as the personification of the Mediterranean Sea which became known as “The Great Green”. He is believed to be the embodiment of the swamps, lakes, and lagoons of the Delta region found near the Mediterranean Sea. He was worshipped as old as the Old Kingdom (2613-2181 BCE) and remained very active throughout the history of Egypt. He was seen at Abusir in the mortuary temple of the pyramid of Sahure and at the tomb of the son of pharaoh Ramesses III prince Amunherkhepeshef, with a huge resemblance to the god Hapi.

39. Nemty «God of Ferrymen»

Nemty was the god of the ferrymen and was seen as a falcon who stands on a boat, which his name means the one who travels. The god of ferrymen is known to be the main patron of Badari which used to be Horus’s central cult. His cult can be found in Annapolis. He played a role in the myth of Osiris, as he transported the goddess Isis by a boat through the Nile River.

40. Mut «Goddess of Soul Protection»

The great primal goddess Mut is an early mother goddess who played a minor role in the Predynastic Period (6000-3150 BCE) as part of the Theban triad as the wife of Amun and mother of Khonsu, who were worshipped as divine Karnak temples complex. She was the result of the primordial waters of Nu and was associated and seen with Sekhmet and Bastet. She had the role of being the guardian over the lives of people and as mentioned in the book of the dead as the savior of the souls trapped in the afterlife by demons. She has seen a divine protector who guarded the kings and the state from any conspirators and traitors who she later burned in a flaming brazier. Mut was seen as a beautiful woman with Vulture wings, holding an Ankh, and wearing the united crown of Upper and Lower Egypt with the feather of Maat at her feet.

41. Sekhmet «Goddess of Destruction»

Sekhmet was one of the most recognized goddesses of ancient Egypt who was the goddess of destruction, vengeance, and healing plus the desert winds and cool breezes. She was depicted as a strong woman with the head of a lion who was mentioned as «The Female Powerful One«. She was the daughter of the sun god Ra who created Sekhmet as a tool for destruction because of the sins of humanity. She was seen as responsible for any natural disasters or plagues that affected humanity plus she had the power to heal as a mistress of life. Ra was able to absorb her blood lust through a vat of beer dyed red where she was able to drink it then she fell into a deep sleep where she was transformed into Hathor.

42. Neper «God of Grain»

The God of grains Neper is known to be the son of Renenutet the harvest goddess who was personified as corn and was very closely associated With Osiris when he was a fertility god to the point where he was mentioned as the one who lived after dying. He was known as the lord of the mouth and a source of nourishment with main barley and emmer wheat.

43. Hu «God of Spoken Word»

The god of the spoken word «Hu» was seen as the personification of the first word that was spoken by Ra (Atum) during the dawn of creation which brought everything into reality. Hu is very linked to the concept of Sia and Heka. The Sia was seen as a representation of the heart, Hu was seen as the tongue, and the Heka represented the underlying force that gave them their power. The Hu is a representation of the Heka power of Atum plus it is depicted in many funerary texts as a guiding the soul to the afterlife.

44. Imhotep «God of Reasonable Thinking»

The great Vizier of Pharaoh Djoser «Imhotep» (2667-2600 BCE) was the key figure behind the design and construction of the Step Pyramid. He was a polymath expert in countless fields of study, whose name means «He Who Comes in Peace«. He was seen as the god of medicine and wisdom plus was very famous among the Greeks with Aesculapius who was famous for his healing spells. All his medical treaties stood very strong against the conventional belief that disease was a punishment from the gods and that disease was natural in origin. Due to his natural gift, he later on lifted to the state of god as a symbol of intellect and reasonable thinking.

45. Sia «God of Thoughtfulness»

Sia was seen as the personification of thoughtfulness and perception who represented the heart that acted as the seat of thought, emotion, and character. Sia formed a triad with Hu and Heka plus she created a day with her tongue of Hu. It is one of the primordial forces of the cosmos which enforced life and sustained Maat. Sia is the spiritual embodiment of the intellect while Hu is a magical symbol of the word of Ptah and Atum that made thoughts into a reality. Sia is seen as a man who stands on the right side of Ptah and held his papyrus scroll. He is seen in the Valley of the Kings as a member of the ship Crew abroad Ra’s sun barge.

46. Menhit «Goddess of Warfare»

Menhit was a solar deity of war who was seen offering the brow of Ra, who came from Nubia and was depicted as a roaring lioness that was associated with the moon. She stood as a symbol for the Eye of Ra’s vengeful side. She was worshipped in the divine lands of Abydos in her central cult and in the delta region as a protective goddess with Wadjet and Neith. She was believed to be the embodiment of the eyes of Ra who was hunted and returned by Onuris.

47. Mafdet «Goddess of Judgment»

The great goddess Mafet was seen as a symbol of justice who executed swift judgment. She was known as «She Who Runs» for the speed with which she spread justice. She appeared as a judge in the afterlife and was very popular from the Early Dynastic Period (3150-2613 BCE) all the way to the New Kingdom (1570-1069 BCE) to the point where she even predate Sekhmet and Bastet. She was the main protector from the venomous bites of scorpions. She was represented as a woman with the face of a Cat, a lynx, leopard, or cheetah that golds a rope, and an executioner’s blade.

48. Anuket «Goddess of Fertility»

The Goddess of fertility Anuket is responsible for the cataract of the Nile River at Aswan who was responsible for Egypt’s southern frontier regions and was worshipped at Elephantine Island. She was known as «Clasper» or «Embracer«. She was the daughter of Ra and was very connected to Hathor, Bastet, and Sekhmet. She was seen as a woman wearing a beautiful headdress that was associated with cowry, bow, arrows, and ostrich feathers. She is seen as a scepter which was topped with an ankh plus her symbolic animal was the gazelle.

49. Seshat «Goddess of Writing»

Seshat was the goddess of writing, notations, wisdom, knowledge, books, and measurements her name means «The Female Scribe» and she was the daughter and consort of Thoth the god of wisdom and writing. Like her father, she was the patroness of public and private libraries and scribes, she was the patroness of builders, architects, and those who dealt in measurements and accounting for cattle, and spoils of war. The goddess of architecture, astronomy, mathematics, astrology, accounting, building, and surveying.  Her name means «She Who is Foremost in the House of Books» which was first mentioned in the Second Dynasty (2890-2670 BCE). She is depicted as a strong beautiful woman wearing leopard skin over a robe with a headband while holding a stick with an on-top star.

50. Meskhenet «Goddess of Childbirth»

The Goddess of childbirth Meskhenet is known to be one of the oldest deities of Egypt who was located at the time of birth and created the Ka which represents the soul that later she breathed into the one’s body. She provided the person’s destiny based on their character. She played the role of a comforter that was present during the time of judgment in the afterlife. She was present during the life of every individual from birth to death and after death. She had the image of a birthing brick that had the head of a woman. Throughout the history of ancient Egypt, she was very respected and worshipped in the homes of ancient Egyptians.

Conclusion

Ancient Egyptian history has marvelous stories to discover and share; so explore the breathtaking archaeological destinations across this majestic civilization by immersing yourself in an unforgettable journey to Egypt. Check our Egypt vacations packages and choose your trip onboard one of our magical Nile river cruises and cast your eyes on the stunning artifacts of Egypt.

What was the word for god in ancient Egypt?

word netjer
Egyptian religion was polytheistic. The gods who inhabited the bounded and ultimately perishable cosmos varied in nature and capacity. The word netjer (“god”) described a much wider range of beings than the deities of monotheistic religions, including what might be termed demons.

What is the Egyptian word for name?

cartouche
As a hieroglyph, a cartouche can represent the Egyptian-language word for “name”.

What is the writing system called the Egyptians created?

Egyptian hieroglyphs
Egyptian hieroglyphs (/ˈhaɪrəɡlɪfs/) were the formal writing system used in Ancient Egypt. Hieroglyphs combined logographic, syllabic and alphabetic elements, with a total of some 1,000 distinct characters. Cursive hieroglyphs were used for religious literature on papyrus and wood.

Who were the pharaohs of Egypt?

The Pharaohs of Ancient Egypt were the supreme leaders of the land. They were like kings or emperors. They ruled both upper and lower Egypt and were both the political and religious leader. The Pharaoh was often thought of as one of the gods.

What is the demon of death?

Shinigami
Shinigami (死神, literally “death god” or “death spirit”) are gods or supernatural spirits that invite humans toward death in certain aspects of Japanese religion and culture. Shinigami have been described as monsters, helpers, and creatures of darkness.

Where does the word N come from in Africa?

In Angola, the same also happened during the 1600’s when the word “N-gola” which means “King” (notice the “N” and the “g” in this word as well), came to be “Angola,’ the name of a kingdom in south western Africa. A Roman general invading Nubia from Egypt would probably have used the Egyptian term for Pharaoh, which was “N-g-r” (God).

Are there any words that are related to Egypt?

Hi there! 🐃 Below is a massive list of egypt words – that is, words related to egypt. There are 500 egypt-related words in total, with the top 5 most semantically related being cairo, syria, israel, libya and africa. You can get the definition (s) of a word in the list below by tapping the question-mark icon next to it.

What was the word for God in ancient Egypt?

In the translation of ancient Egyptian and Hebrew (which is heavily influenced by Egyptian), one will not always find vowels, therefore, very few people will realize that the word for God, which is “N-g-r” pronounced “en-ger” was the Egyptian word for God. In fact, the Egyptian word for “nature,” is also the word used for God.

Who is the father of the N word?

The father of the “n” word was the word used by the ancient Egyptians for “God.” That word was “N-g-r” and as one can see, there are no vowels in this word.

Are there any words related to ancient Egypt?

Hi there! 🐑 Below is a massive list of ancient egypt words – that is, words related to ancient egypt. There are 500 ancient egypt-related words in total, with the top 5 most semantically related being egypt, nubia, assyria, vizier and syria. You can get the definition (s) of a word in the list below by tapping the question-mark icon next to it.

In Angola, the same also happened during the 1600’s when the word “N-gola” which means “King” (notice the “N” and the “g” in this word as well), came to be “Angola,’ the name of a kingdom in south western Africa. A Roman general invading Nubia from Egypt would probably have used the Egyptian term for Pharaoh, which was “N-g-r” (God).

Who is the creator of the Egypt word list?

Many thanks to Nancy Herlihy, Art teacher, Queen of Angels Catholic School, Roswell, GA who contributed Egypt word list (25 words.) Egypt Lesson Plan and discussion: Discuss these contrasts.

What was the fourth word in ancient Egypt?

The fourth Ancient Egyptian derived word is related to weather. Egyptian say ‘shabboorah’ in translation for ‘fog’. Shabboorah came from the ancient Egyptian word phrase ‘shab rah = shab (changed) + ra (light). Like the case with many other phrases, Egyptians transformed the pronunciation of this phrase to be easier and quick.

На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать грубую лексику.

На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать разговорную лексику.

They were so closely associated with the presence of a deity that the hieroglyph for them came to stand for the Egyptian word for «god«.

Они были так тесно связаны с присутствием божества, что иероглиф для их обозначения всегда стоял рядом со словом «бог«.

The Egyptians called their hieroglyphs «words of god» and reserved their use for exalted purposes, such as communicating with divinities and spirits of the dead through funerary texts.

Египтяне называли иероглифы «словами бога» и использовали их для высоких целей, например, чтобы общаться через погребальные тексты с богами и духами загробной жизни.

The Egyptian word for gods is netjerew.

The Egyptians called their writing the words of the gods.

Ничего не найдено для этого значения.

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