Word buildings of nouns and adjectives exercises - Word и Excel - помощь в работе с программами

Упражнения на словообразование (с ответами)

1. Добавьте один из суффиксов (-er, -r, -ian, -ist, -man) к словам, чтобы образовалось название профессии. Переведите образовавшиеся слова.

Н-р: police (полиция) – policeman (полицейский)

music (музыка) 8. science (наука)
journal (журнал) 9. art (искусство)
post (почта) 10. sports (спорт)
drive (водить машину) 11. manage (управляться)
reception (встреча) 12. photograph (фотография)
electric (электрический) 13. interpret (переводить)
politics (политика) 14. build (строить)

15. fire (огонь)

2. Посмотрите на суффиксы существительных и прилагательных. Образуйте недостающие слова в столбцах и переведите образовавшиеся слова.

Существительные: —ness, -ion, -ation, -ment, -ance, -ition

Прилагательные: —al, -y, -ly, -ful, -ous, -tific

1) Прилагательное Существительное

1. lucky (удачный) luck (удача)

2. …… happiness (счастье)

3. wonderful (чудесный) ……

4. …… speed (скорость)

5. greedy (жадный) ……

6. …… friend (друг)

7. …… danger (опасность)

8. traditional (традиционный) ……

9. …… science (наука)

10. ill (больной) ……

11. …… truth (правда)

12. …… profession (профессия)

13. …… business (бизнес)

14. healthy (здоровый) ……

15. …… wealth (богатство)

2) Существительное Глагол

investigation (расследование) investigate (расследовать)
…… invite (приглашать)
discussion (обсуждение) ……
…… appear (выглядеть)

5. …… organize (организовать)

6. …… relax (расслабляться)

7. competition (соревнование) ……

3. Составьте как можно больше слов, добавляя к основе приставки и суффиксы. Используйте словарь. Переведите образовавшиеся слова.

Н-р: help (помогать) – helpful (услужливый), helpfulness (услужливость), unhelpful (неуслужливый), helpless (беспомощный), helplessness (беспомощность)

Приставка Основа/корень слова Суффикс

1. possible

2. polite -ful

un- 3. stress

4. thought

5. agree -ity

mis- 6. use

8. taste -less

im- 9. understand

10. hope

11. care -ness

in- 12. mortal

13. human

14. success -ment

dis- 15. conscious

16. popular -able

17. profit

4. Образуйте сложные слова и переведите их.

Н-р: clock (часы) + work (работа) = clockwork (часовой механизм)

Clock, pocket (карман), place (место), ball (мяч), dish (тарелка), sun (солнце), pool (водоем), head (голова), bird (птица), ice (лед), fire (огонь), work, black (черный), cream (сливки), pick (вынимать), swimming (плавание), ache (боль), foot (ступня), washer (мойка), glasses (стекла)

musician (музыкант) 8. scientist (ученый)
journalist (журналист) 9. artist (художник)
postman (почтальон) 10. sportsman (спортсмен)
driver (водитель) 11.
manager (менеджер)
receptionist (администратор) 12. photographer (фотограф)
electrician (электрик) 13. interpreter (переводчик)
politician (политик) 14.
builder (строитель)

15. fireman (пожарный)

lucky (удачный) 9. scientific (научный)
happy (счастливый) 10. illness (болезнь)
wonder (чудо) 11. truthful (правдивый)
speedy (скоростной) 12. professional (профессиональный)
greed (жадность) 13. busy (деловой)
friendly (дружелюбный) 14. health (здоровье)
dangerous (опасный) 15. wealthy (богатый)
tradition (традиция)

investigation (расследование) 5. organization (организация)
invitation (приглашение) 6. relaxation (расслабление)
discuss (обсуждать) 7. compete (соревноваться)
appearance (внешность) 8. invention (изобретение)

impossible (невозможный), possibility (возможность), impossibility (невозможность)
impolite (невежливый), politeness (вежливость), impoliteness (невежливость)
stressful (стрессовый), distress (недомогание), distressful (печальный)
thoughtful (задумчивый), thoughtfulness (задумчивость), thoughtless (бездумный), thoughtlessness (бездумность)
disagree (не соглашаться), agreement (соглашение), disagreement (расхождение), agreeable (соответствующий), disagreeable (неприятный)
disuse (перестать употреблять), useful (полезный), misuse (неправильно использовать), useless (бесполезный), uselessness (бесполезность)
dis (не любить), ness (сходство), unness (несходство), un (непохожий)
tasteless (безвкусный), tasteful (со вкусом), tastefulness (хороший вкус), distaste (отвращение), distasteful (противный)
misunderstand (невернопонять), understandable (понятный), understandability (понятность)
hopeless (безнадежный), hopeful (оптимистический), hopelessness (безнадежность), hopefulness (надежда)
careless (беззаботный), careful (заботливый), carelessness (беззаботность), carefulness (тщательность)
immortal (бессмертный), mortality (смертность), immortality (бессмертие)
humanity (гуманность), inhuman (бесчеловечный), inhumanity (бесчеловечность)
successful (успешный) , unsuccessful (безуспешный)
consciousness (сознательность), unconscious (бессознательный), unconsciousness (бессознательность)
popularity (популярность), unpopular (непопулярный), unpopularity (непопулярность)
profitable (прибыльный), profitability (прибыльность), unprofitable (нерентабельный)

fire-place (камин), blackbird (черный дрозд), swimming-pool (бассейн), dishwasher (посудомоечная машина), ice-cream (мороженое), pick-pocket (карманный вор), sunglasses (солнечные очки), football (футбол), headache (головная боль)

Упражнения на словообразование (с ответами) — 4.8 5 362 votes

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Источник: https://s-english.ru/uprazhneniya/word-formation

Словообразование в английском языке упражнения — с ответами

Знание правил словообразования в английском языке и умение применять данные правила может значительно упростить процесс овладения английском языком.

Приведем конкретный пример: sad – печальный, sadly – печально. Наречия в английском языке образуются при помощи суффикса -ly, добавляемого к прилагательному. Если вы знаете, что slow по-английски означает “медленный”, то как будет “медленно”? Конечно же, slowly. Догадаться о верном ответе вам помогло знание правила словообразования.

Однако, недостаточно знать правила словообразования. Необходимо уметь их применять. Для этого мы предлагаем вам несколько простых упражнений по словообразованию в английском языке. Выполните эти упражнения и освойте основные словообразовательные модели.

Упражнение 1

От данных глаголов образуйте указанные слова:

write (писать) – 1. (писатель) 2. (написание) 3. (написанный)
design (разрабатывать) – 1. (разработчик) 2. (разработка, разрабатывание) 3. (разработанный)
communicate (общаться) – 1. (общительный) 2. (общение)
express (выражать) – 1. (выражение) 2. (выраженный) 3. (выразительный) 4. (выразительно) 5. (выражающий)
mean (иметь значение, означать) – 1. (значение) 2. (полный значения, значительный) 3. (бессмысленный)

write (писать) – 1. (писатель – writer) 2. (написание – writing) 3. (написанный – written)

design (разрабатывать) – 1. (разработчик – designer) 2. (разработка, разрабатывание – designing) 3. (разработанный – designed)

communicate (общаться) – 1. (общительный – communicative) 2. (общение – communication)

express (выражать) – 1. (выражение – expression) 2. (выраженный – expressed) 3. (выразительный – expressive) 4. (выразительно – expressively) 4. (выражающий – expressing)

mean (иметь значение, означать) – 1. (значение – meaning) 2. (полный значения, значительный – meaningful) 3. (бессмысленный – meaningless)

Упражнение 2

От данных глаголов образуйте указанные слова:

inform (информировать) – 1. (информация) 2. (информативный) 3. (информатор) 4. (информированный) 5. (не информированный)
explain (объяснять) – 1. (объяснение) 2. (объясняющий) 3. (объясненный) 4. (необъяснённый, необъяснимый)
conclude (заключать, делать вывод) – 1. (заключение, вывод) 2. (заключительный, завершающий) 2. (окончательно, решительно)
increase (повышать, увеличивать) – 1. (увеличивающийся, возрастающий) 2. (всё более, всё в большей степени)
explore (исследовать) – 1. (исследование) 2. (исследователь) 3. (исследованный) 4. (неисследованный)

inform (информировать) – 1. (информация – information) 2. (информативный – informative) 3. (информатор – informant) 4. (информированный – informed) 5. (не информированный – uninformed)

explain (объяснять) – 1. (объяснение – explanation, explaining) 2. (объясняющий – explaining) 3. (объясненный – explained) 4. (необъяснённый, необъяснимый – unexplained)

conclude (заключать, делать вывод) – 1. (заключение, вывод – conclusion) 2. (заключительный, завершающий – concluding, conclusive) 2. (окончательно, решительно – conclusively)

increase (повышать, увеличивать) – 1. (увеличивающийся, возрастающий – increasing) 2. (всё более, всё в большей степени – increasingly)

explore (исследовать) – 1. (исследование – exploration) 2. (исследователь – explorer) 3. (исследованный – explored) 4. (неисследованный – unexplored)

Упражнение 3

От данных глаголов образуйте указанные слова:

develop (развивать, разрабатывать) – 1. (разработка) 2. (разработчик) 3. (разрабатывание) 4. (разработанный)
encourage (ободрять, воодушевлять) – 1. (ободрение) 2. (ободряющий) 3. (ободренный) 4. (ободряюще)
pollute (загрязнять) – 1. (загрязнение) 2. (загрязненный) 3. (загрязняющий) 4. (загрязнитель, источник загрязнений)
destruct (разрушать) – 1. (разрушение) 2. (разрушенный) 3. (разрушающий) 4. (разрушитель)
prevent (предотвращать) – 1. (предотвращение) 2. (предотвращающий) 3. (предотвращенный)

develop (развивать, разрабатывать) – 1. (разработка – development) 2. (разработчик – developer) 3. (разрабатывание – developing) 4. (разработанный – developed)

encourage (ободрять, воодушевлять) – 1. (ободрение – encouragement) 2. (ободряющий – encouraging) 3. (ободренный – encouraged) 4. (ободряюще – encouragingly)

pollute (загрязнять) – 1. (загрязнение – pollution) 2. (загрязненный – polluted) 3. (загрязняющий – polluting) 4. (загрязнитель, источник загрязнений – pollutor)

destruct (разрушать) – 1. (разрушение – destruction) 2. (разрушенный – dectructed) 3. (разрушающий – destructing) 4. (разрушитель – destructor)

prevent (предотвращать) – 1. (предотвращение – prevention) 2. (предотвращающий – preventing) 3. (предотвращенный – prevented)

Упражнение 4

От данных глаголов образуйте указанные слова:

conserve (сохранять) – 1. (сохранение) 2. (сохраняющий) 3. (консерватор) 4. (консервативный)
protect (защищать) – 2. (защита) 2. (защитник) 3. (защищенный) 4. (защитный)
vary (варьироваться, быть разнообразным) – 1. (разнообразие) 2. (разнообразный) 3. (вариативный)
create (творить, создавать) – 1. (создание, творение) 2. (создатель) 3. (созданный) 4. (творческий)
write (писать) – 1. (писатель) 2. (написанный) 3. (написание) 4. (пишущий)

conserve (сохранять) – 1. (сохранение – conservation) 2. (сохраняющий – conserving) 3. (хранитель – conserver, conservator) 4. (консервативный – conservative)

protect (защищать) – 2. (защита – protection) 2. (защитник – protector) 3. (защищенный – protected) 4. (защитный – protecting)

vary (варьироваться, быть разнообразным) – 1. (разнообразие – variety) 2. (разнообразный – various) 3. (вариативный – variative)

create (творить, создавать) – 1. (создание, творение – creation) 2. (создатель – creator) 3. (созданный – created) 4. (творческий – creative)

write (писать) – 1. (писатель – writer) 2. (написанный – written) 3. (написание – writing) 4. (пишущий – writing)

Упражнение 5

От данных глаголов образуйте указанные слова:

specify (определять, специфицировать) – 1. (определенный, специфичный) 2. (определяющий) 3. (специфически)
manufacture (производить) – 1. (производитель) 2. (завод, фабрика) 3. (производительный, производящий)
compute (вычислять) – 1. (вычислительная машина) 2. (вычисляющий) 3. (вычисленный)
invent (изобретать) – 1. (изобретение) 2. (изобретатель) 3. (изобретательный) 4. (изобретающий) 5. (изобретенный)
prepare (готовить, подготавливать) – 1. (подготовка) 2. (подготовительный) 3. (подготовленный) 4. (тот, кто подготовил)

specify (определять, специфицировать) – 1. (определенный, специфичный – specific) 2. (определяющий – specifying) 3. (специфически – specifically)

manufacture (производить) – 1. (производитель – manufacturer, manufactor) 2. (завод, фабрика – manufactory) 3. (производительный, производящий – manufacturing)

compute (вычислять) – 1. (вычислительная машина – computer) 2. (вычисляющий – computing) 3. (вычисленный – computed)

invent (изобретать) – 1. (изобретение – invention) 2. (изобретатель – inventor) 3. (изобретательный – inventive) 4. (изобретающий – inventing) 5. (изобретенный – invented)

prepare (готовить, подготавливать) – 1. (подготовка – preparation) 2. (подготовительный – preparative) 3. (подготовленный prepared) 4. (тот, кто подготовил – preparer)

Источник: http://tonail.com/словообразование-в-английском/

Упражнения с ответами на словообразование в английском языке Ссылка на основную публикацию

Источник: http://learneng.ru/grammatika/slovoobrazovanie-v-anglijskom-yazyke-uprazhneniya.html

Словообразование в английском языке. Задания в формате ЕГЭ

Данные задания на слоовообразование составлены по материалам пособия «Сборник тестов для подготовки к ЕГЭ по английскому языку» (М. Вербицкая, Малколм Манн и др.) и входят в цикл Английский язык. Подготовка к ЕГЭ. Раздел «СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ».

Задания рекомендуется выполнять после изучения теоретического материала по словобразованию, ссылки на который дан перед упражнениями.

Суффиксы существительного

Задание 1. Измените слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию предложения.

Уточнение. Слово «лексически» означает, что к слову нужно добавить суффикс или префикс. Слово «грамматически» означает, что к преобразованному слову, возможно, нужно добавить окончание.

ПРИМЕР. Animal __________ will enjoy the performance. love

Animal lovers will enjoy the performance. — Любители животных получат удовольствие от представления.

Здесь требуется поставить существительное — lover во множ. число, исходя из контекста.

This __________ is passed through the generations. able
Stress is the ___________ with which syllables are pronounced. strong
His ______________led him to discovering a lot of information. curious
This book contains _________of the centuries. wise
This film takes me back to my ____________. child
he ___________of this corridor was surprising. long
It will be disastrous for the ___________. human
I appreciate our ___________. friend
I will die of ____________if I live that long. bored
The __________of her feelings was unexpected for me. warm
The____________is given to particularly bright students. scholar
He was famous for his ___________ . serious
The ___________of this song is incredible. popular
We were surprised at the _________in her speech. differ
It is easy to learn how to do this _________. active
The airplane started to lose __________. high

* * *

Задание 2. Form nouns from the words in bold.

The Hercules was famous for his _________ . strong
The ____________of the swimming pool was about 5 meters. wide
I was surprised by the ______________ of the tablecloth. white
The _________of the Tower and the __________ of the walls made it a perfect prison. high, thick
The ___________was delayed by fog for an hour. fly
Giving alive ___________is quite different from performing on a film. perform
Our ___________to predict the weather depends on the information we have. able
Another major ____________is the shape of the ball. different
The __________of the baseball is very great in America. popular
Much of his ________ Chekhov lived in severe poverty. child
The ______of London since then has been incredible. grow
We moved to our new ______________last spring. resident
Many encyclopedias state with __________that the Nile is the longest river in the world. confident
Her acting is closer to __________. real
The ship was in ___________condition. excellence
The story of the dodo`s ___________is one example of man`s effect on the environment. appear
He had ____________in finding a job. difficult
Each _____________is worth considering. possible

* * *

Задание 3. Form nouns from the words in bold.

The ______________ of this building took 20 years from start to finish. construct
Famous __________were held in the Tower. prison
Many _____________come to London each year. visit
There are a lot of ______________courses to improve your skills. train
Before the ____________of the hot air balloon, no human had ever successfully flown into the air. invent
The first successful __________was in 1783. fly
The ___________of the balloon depends on the wind. direct
The _____________and response of the audience can affect how the actor feels and performs. behave
They want to have the opportunity to do some real _____. act
London is an ideal place nightlife ____________. entertain
Special _____________is used to collect weather data. equip
He never seemed to be interested in ____________. educate
An _______________called Clarence went on an expedition to Canada with his family. explore
He is famous for his finding the __________to the problem. solve
His success was an remarkable_______. achieve
The ____________of its place is unknown. locate
What is your ______________of the performance? impress

* * *

Задание 4. Form nouns from the words in bold.

________will find these products on sale in the supermarkets. shop
He never seemed to be interested in ____________. educate
In New York he became a ____________at drama school. study
The ship left for New York with a crew of seven professional _________. sail
To the crew’s__________ they discovered that nobody was on the island. astonish
Each flag has its additional _____________. mean
Another ___________started at once. argue
Brighton is an ideal place for____________ . relax
There are eleven ___________in each team in cricket. play
They tried to persuade the ______________to introduce new laws. govern
The road __________must be improved. safe
It is ___________to drive without seatbelt. legal
Finding a good job is uneasy without proper ____________. qualify
Many people consider the ____________of moving away. possible
It is necessary to fill the _______________form. apply
The rate of _________________is very high. employ
You have a great _____________. imagine
To our great ___________, it started to rain. disappoint
The better your education is, the less_____________you will have in finding a job. difficult

Суффиксы и префиксы прилагательного

Задание 1. Form adjectives from the words in bold.

Huge ___________dinosaurs used to walk on the Earth. power
This private boat carried a cargo of _______________products. commerce
The dodo lived on an island where he had no ___________enemies. nature
There are hundreds of ______________hotels in sunny Brighton. comfort
Enjoy delicious dishes in ____________ restaurants. fashion
Taking part in this attraction can be a bit. risk
The story describes the ______________action of people. hero
_________plays are staged on Broadway. vary
The road was in ________________condition. excellence
The _____________method is always in great use. help
My father doesn’t buy _____________newspapers. expense
Who is _______________for making changes in our society? response
The Russians are considered to be very _____________. hospitality
The ______________equipment needs to be checked. electricity
I was impressed by French ______________cuisine. delicacy
She is not self- ________________. confidence
The job will give him more _______________freedom. artist
Paul’s Cathedral is an _________________building. impress
In the old days the only ___________means of transport was the horse. person
The trip was very ______________. benefit
Is your answer _______________ from mine? differ

Задание 2. Form adjectives from the words in bold. Mind the prefix UN-

Two _____________brothers Montgolfier were responsible for designing the first air balloon. France
The design of the balloon was ____________________law. science
Some ________________flyers have had an accident. fortunate
The first ________________flight was in 1783. success
You can go on a _______________ride on a horse back. enjoy
He had an ____________________idea. imagine
More ______________visitors can try «The Vampire Ride». adventure
Riding fast high above the park can be a ______________experience . scare
Nature is so ___________________that’s why we cannot forecast more than for a few days. predict
_______ people or things existed in the past are considered to be a part of history. history
____________baseball began in the USA in 1865. profession
In the USA baseball is considered as a __________sport. nation
It will be an ________________experience for me. forget
He started his own business and became ________________. wealth
The bridge was very ________________. use
It has become the place of _______________importance. globe
At first sight it seems _________________. believe
The situation is becoming more __________________. understand
She is a very _________________woman. effect
Everyone fell _____________in the room. silence
It was the most _________________journey I have ever had. please

Суффиксы и префиксы глагола

Задание 1. Form verbs from the words in bold.

He _______________ and lay on the bed. dress
He could enter the house because the door was ___________. lock
The usual practice at the History lesson is to ___________texts. tell
The exercise must be ________________. write
Teachers sometimes _____________students. understand
When the child ______________ she was unable to cope with him. behave
The parents ____________ the child to go out late at night. allow
When the days begin to ____________then the cold begins to _____________. long/ strong
They’re trying _____________our name. black
The snow ____________the mountain tops. white
Don’t let this ______________ you. courage
He was ____________by his family to learn music at a young age. courage
The town is ______________by fortified walls. circle
The route was built to ______________trucks to get around a waterfall. able
No argument can __________a war. just
If you ____________ a substance, you make it pure by removing any dirty substances from it. pure
You have ______________him as an ambitious person. character
His mother rarely___________ him or any of her children. critic
I’m sure Rose will _____________many of us. live
The men tried to __________ each other in their generosity. do

Задание 2. Form verbs from the words in bold.

The building must be __________________. construct
The symptoms of her illness have____________. appear
The student__________the teacher and did the wrong exercise. hear
Last week the government ______________ the citizens about the political situation in the country. inform
His own mind was ___________and ______________by foreign travel. large/rich
Martin ___________all the people in the area. He died at the age of 101. live
The elderly are usually _______________with the young. satisfy
Nowadays the risk of serious illness has________. less
Do you mean to____________ me? threat
Unfortunately, the cooperation between two countries was _______________. organize
The line was ___________, though not dead. connect
I am very ________________ with you. appoint
The students _______________ the teacher. obey
What does the emblem _______________? symbol
If someone_________a word, they spell it wrongly. spell
Don’t let this ______________ you. courage
He was ____________by his family to learn music at a young age. courage
He recognized her voice and his face ____________. soft

Источник: http://englishinn.ru/slovoobrazovanie-v-angliyskom-yazyike-zadaniya-v-formate-ege.html

Словообразование в английском — упражнения с ответами

Добрый день, читатели блога grammar-tei.com. Сегодня мы займемся словообразованием и выполним несколько упражнений на словообразование в английском языке. Все упражнения даются с ответами, поэтому Вы сможете проверить себя.

Тема словообразование в английском – очень сложная, поэтому практиковаться нужно много. Всем известно, что задания на словообразования есть в ЕГЭ. Не будем откладывать и выполним упражнения на словообразование в английском.

Задания на словообразование. Word building exercises

Упражнение 1. Раскройте скобки. Образуйте существительные.

The study calculated that replacing weekly fruit juice … with whole fruits could bring health benefits. (consume)
For my birthday Mother baked a cake with yellow … . (ice)
Carbohydrates, proteins and fats are called … because they provide the fuel your body needs. (nutrition)
Many women have to juggle … and a full-time job. (mother)
… are unavoidable when three … live under one roof. (argue, generate)
Her deep … of her sister was evident. (hate)
Older people who live alone often need help with gardening and house … (maintain)
Positive attitude helps employees to get along with … and managers. (worker)
China’s air… has cut life … by an average of 5.5 years in the north of the country and caused higher rates of lung cancer. (pollute, expect)
It is much safer to use stainless steel or glass … instead of plastic ones. (contain)

Упражнение 2. Раскройте скобки. Образуйте прилагательные.

My favorite … book is “Appetite” by Nigel Slater. (cooker)
Eating can also make you …, and so can waking up in the morning. (thirst)
You shouldn’t rest on your laurels but try to improve your … performance. (academy)
Highly … gas is naturally found in coal mines. (explode)
An … species is a species of organisms facing a very high risk of extinction. (danger)
The most… earthquake struck in Shanxi, China 1556. (disaster)
… exploitation of nature by man has resulted in the effects we have to deal with now. (thought)
Laos is a landlocked … country, widely covered by tropical forest. (mountain)
I decided to take a walk. It would be too … to wait in the queue. (tire)

Упражнение 3. Используйте отрицательные приставки. Образуйте подходящие по смыслу слова.

The service was slow and the waiter’s familiarity was … , so we left without paying. (accept)
Some children are a challenge, especially when they … in public places. (behaviour)
To my … , the restaurant was overbooked and we had to spend the evening at home. (appoint)
Michael was … about what dessert to order. (decide)
Parents’… of their children’s behaviour and life choices can ruin their lives. (approve)
There is a huge difference between … children and those merely … to listen to their parents’ advice. (obey, will)
Young children mustn’t be left … either at home or at public places. (attention)
She was frequently left alone by her … husband. (faith)
If you describe someone as …, you are criticising them because they are unable to do their job or a task properly or are … to act in this capacity. (competence, qualifications)
Banks are still seen as … and many people keep their savings at home. (security)

Упражнение 4. Раскройте скобки, образуйте глаголы.

Guar gum also is used in the food industry to … products ice cream. (thick)
Old Manchester houses are made of red brick… by soot. (black)
David spotted the pink silk lampshade in a shop and thought it would … up the room. (bright)
Do we ever stop to think about the importance of the air we … ? (breath)
I’d to … this dress for one in a larger size. (change)
They … 100 dollars from a bank account an hour ago. (draw)

Упражнение 5. Раскройте скобки. Образуйте подходящие по смыслу слова.

Sometimes one’s … are the only people one can … in. (parental, confidence)
Many people … that getting a spouse can put them their…, which later… wrong, because sometimes marriage makes life more difficult. (belief, miserable, proof)
An … Roman … has been discovered in northwest England, (extend, settle)
The dining-room is elegantly … and … carpeted, (furniture, luxury)
Everyone is … of her having the chance to … abroad, (envy, student)
When employers look at… candidates, beyond skills, experience, and training, they look for those who demonstrate … (prospect, enthuse)
In the city the … and … were insufferable, (hot, humid)
Our planet’s… regions, located just north and south of the equator, are known for their… and … (tropic, warm, humid)
Next to Shakespeare, no … gets more love on Broadway than Tennessee Williams, (play)
During Elizabeth’s reign England significantly … its trade … and in 1580 Sir Francis Drake became the first Englishman to successfully … the earth, (expansion, sea, circumnavigation)

Упражнение 6. Образуйте слова от данных. Вставьте слова в текст.

RESTORATION, LOOK, DEMOLITION, EXTEND, GOTH, ACCOMMODATE, PANELLING, UNEXPECTED

Solid in appearance and structure, it offers _________ (4) and well presented ___________ (5). As one would ___________ (6) there is a grand drawing room with oak _________ (7) walls and a large open fireplace.

The large windows __________ (8) a parkland setting.

FORM, ILLEGAL, EDUCATIONAL, QUALIFICATIONS, TUITION

Home education is when a child is __________ (1) at home rather than at school. It’s perfectly __________ (2) in the UK and one doesn’t need to be a __________ (3) teacher to do so.

Children who are home educated receive all their education from their parents, sometimes with the help of outside __________ (4).

If you decide to home educate your child you don’t have to follow __________ (5) rules about how you teach or when you teach.

CHIEF, SEARCH, SCIENCE, INDUCE, COLLECT, APPLY, ADOPTION, FOUND

English philosopher, statesman, and jurist who rose to become Lei Chancellor (1618—1621) to James I but is __________ (1) remembered for the status he gave to __________ (2) research in England.

Although his name is associated with the method of __________ (3) and the rejection of a priori reasoning in science, the painstaking __________ (4) of miscellaneous facts without any use of error theory which he supported in the Novum Organum has never been __________ (5) as a practical method of __________ (6).

The __________ (7) of the Baconian method was, however, an important object in the __________ (8) of the Royal Society some years later.

DEPTH, HARMLESS, DESIRE, MODERATE, ACCESS

The __________ (3) and the affordability of goods make shopping all the more appealing. For many compulsive buyers, a big part of the appeal of shopping is the process of searching out and obtaining that new, better, __________ (4) item.

This process is so mesmerising that it often ruins long-term financial plans, leaving shoppers __________ (5) in debt.

Ответы к упражнениям на словообразование. Word building exercises – answers

Exercise 1.

1 consumption, 2 icing, 3 nutrients, 4 motherhood/maternity, 5 arguments, generations, 6 hatred, 7 maintenance, 8 co-workers, 9 pollution, expectancy

Exercise 2.

1 cookery, 2 thirsty, 3 academic, 4 explosive, 5 endangered, 6 disastrous, 7 thoughtless, 8 mountainous, 9 tiresome

Exercise 3.

1 unacceptable, 2 misbehave, 3 disappointment, 4 indecisive, 5 disapproval, 6 disobedient, unwilling, 7 unattended, 8 unfaithful, 9 incompetent, unqualified, 10 insecure

Exercise 4.

1 thicken, 2 blackened, 3 brighten, 4 breathe, 5 exchange, 6 withdrew

Exercise 5.

1 parents, confide, 2 believe, misery, proves, 3 extensive, settlement, 4 furnished, luxuriously 5 envious, study, 6 prospective, enthusiasm, 7 heat, humidity, 8 tropic (al), warmth, humidity, 9 playwright, 10 expanded, oversea (s), circumnavigate

Exercise 6.

1 restored, 2 gothic, 3 demolished, 4 extensive 5 accommodation, 6 expect, 7 panel (l) ed, 8 overlook

1 educated, 2 legal, 3 qualified, 4 tutors, 5 formal

1 chiefly, 2 scientific, 3 induction, 4 collection, 5 adopted, 6 research, 7 application, 8 foundation

1 moderation, 2 harmful, 3 accessibility, 4 desirable, 5 deeply

Надеюсь, эти упражнения на словообразование помогут Вам в изучении этого непростого раздела английского языка. Word building exercises are very useful!

Сохраните на будущее и поделитесь с друзьями!

Источник: http://grammar-tei.com/slovoobrazovanie-v-anglijskom-uprazhneniya-s-otvetami/

Источник

Задания на словообразование. Word building exercises.

Упражнение 1. Раскройте скобки. Образуйте существительные.

The study calculated that replacing weekly fruit juice … with whole fruits could bring health benefits. (consume)
For my birthday Mother baked a cake with yellow … . (ice)
Carbohydrates, proteins and fats are called … because they provide the fuel your body needs. (nutrition)
Many women have to juggle … and a full-time job. (mother)
… are unavoidable when three … live under one roof. (argue, generate)
Her deep … of her sister was evident. (hate)
Older people who live alone often need help with gardening and house … (maintain)
Positive attitude helps employees to get along with … and managers. (worker)
China’s air… has cut life … by an average of 5.5 years in the north of the country and caused higher rates of lung cancer. (pollute, expect)
It is much safer to use stainless steel or glass … instead of plastic ones. (contain)

Упражнение 2. Раскройте скобки. Образуйте прилагательные.

My favorite … book is “Appetite” by Nigel Slater. (cooker)
Eating can also make you …, and so can waking up in the morning. (thirst)
You shouldn’t rest on your laurels but try to improve your … performance. (academy)
Highly … gas is naturally found in coal mines. (explode)
An … species is a species of organisms facing a very high risk of extinction. (danger)
The most… earthquake struck in Shanxi, China 1556. (disaster)
… exploitation of nature by man has resulted in the effects we have to deal with now. (thought)
Laos is a landlocked … country, widely covered by tropical forest. (mountain)
I decided to take a walk. It would be too … to wait in the queue. (tire)

Упражнение 3. Используйте отрицательные приставки. Образуйте подходящие по смыслу слова.

The service was slow and the waiter’s familiarity was … , so we left without paying. (accept)
Some children are a challenge, especially when they … in public places. (behaviour)
To my … , the restaurant was overbooked and we had to spend the evening at home. (appoint)
Michael was … about what dessert to order. (decide)
Parents’… of their children’s behaviour and life choices can ruin their lives. (approve)
There is a huge difference between … children and those merely … to listen to their parents’ advice. (obey, will)
Young children mustn’t be left … either at home or at public places. (attention)
She was frequently left alone by her … husband. (faith)
If you describe someone as …, you are criticising them because they are unable to do their job or a task properly or are … to act in this capacity. (competence, qualifications)
Banks are still seen as … and many people keep their savings at home. (security)

Упражнение 4. Раскройте скобки, образуйте глаголы.

Guar gum also is used in the food industry to … products like ice cream. (thick)
Old Manchester houses are made of red brick… by soot. (black)
David spotted the pink silk lampshade in a shop and thought it would … up the room. (bright)
Do we ever stop to think about the importance of the air we … ? (breath)
I’d like to … this dress for one in a larger size. (change)
They … 100 dollars from a bank account an hour ago. (draw)

Упражнение 5. Раскройте скобки. Образуйте подходящие по смыслу слова.

Sometimes one’s … are the only people one can … in. (parental, confidence)
Many people … that getting a spouse can put them out of their…, which later… wrong, because sometimes marriage makes life more difficult. (belief, miserable, proof)
An … Roman … has been discovered in northwest England, (extend, settle)
The dining-room is elegantly … and … carpeted, (furniture, luxury)
Everyone is … of her having the chance to … abroad, (envy, student)
When employers look at… candidates, beyond skills, experience, and training, they look for those who demonstrate … (prospect, enthuse)
In the city the … and … were insufferable, (hot, humid)
Our planet’s… regions, located just north and south of the equator, are known for their… and … (tropic, warm, humid)
Next to Shakespeare, no … gets more love on Broadway than Tennessee Williams, (play)
During Elizabeth’s reign England significantly … its trade … and in 1580 Sir Francis Drake became the first Englishman to successfully … the earth, (expansion, sea, circumnavigation)

Упражнение 6. Образуйте слова от данных. Вставьте слова в текст.

RESTORATION, LOOK, DEMOLITION, EXTEND, GOTH, ACCOMMODATE, PANELLING, UNEXPECTED

Located in Wiltshire, an outstanding and beautifully __________ (1), late ________ (2) style manor house was built of limestone. Originally it was a much larger property that was mostly ___________ (3). Solid in appearance and structure, it offers _________ (4) and well presented ___________ (5). As one would ___________ (6) there is a grand drawing room with oak _________ (7) walls and a large open fireplace. The large windows __________ (8) a parkland setting.

FORM, ILLEGAL, EDUCATIONAL, QUALIFICATIONS, TUITION

Home education is when a child is __________ (1) at home rather than at school. It’s perfectly __________ (2) in the UK and one doesn’t need to be a __________ (3) teacher to do so. Children who are home educated receive all their education from their parents, sometimes with the help of outside __________ (4). If you decide to home educate your child you don’t have to follow __________ (5) rules about how you teach or when you teach.

CHIEF, SEARCH, SCIENCE, INDUCE, COLLECT, APPLY, ADOPTION, FOUND

English philosopher, statesman, and jurist who rose to become Lei Chancellor (1618—1621) to James I but is __________ (1) remembered for the status he gave to __________ (2) research in England. Although his name is associated with the method of __________ (3) and the rejection of a priori reasoning in science, the painstaking __________ (4) of miscellaneous facts without any use of error theory which he supported in the Novum Organum has never been __________ (5) as a practical method of __________ (6). The __________ (7) of the Baconian method was, however, an important object in the __________ (8) of the Royal Society some years later.

DEPTH, HARMLESS, DESIRE, MODERATE, ACCESS

We’ve all heard of emotional eating. There’s also such a thing as emotional shopping. In __________ (1), neither of these activities is __________ (2), but in excess both can have serious consequences. The __________ (3) and the affordability of goods make shopping all the more appealing. For many compulsive buyers, a big part of the appeal of shopping is the process of searching out and obtaining that new, better, __________ (4) item. This process is so mesmerising that it often ruins long-term financial plans, leaving shoppers __________ (5) in debt.

Ответы к упражнениям на словообразование. Word building exercises – answers.

Exercise 1.

1 consumption, 2 icing, 3 nutrients, 4 motherhood/maternity, 5 arguments, generations, 6 hatred, 7 maintenance, 8 co-workers, 9 pollution, expectancy

Exercise 2.

1 cookery, 2 thirsty, 3 academic, 4 explosive, 5 endangered, 6 disastrous, 7 thoughtless, 8 mountainous, 9 tiresome

Exercise 3.

1 unacceptable, 2 misbehave, 3 disappointment, 4 indecisive, 5 disapproval, 6 disobedient, unwilling, 7 unattended, 8 unfaithful, 9 incompetent, unqualified, 10 insecure

Exercise 4.

1 thicken, 2 blackened, 3 brighten, 4 breathe, 5 exchange, 6 withdrew

Exercise 5.

1 parents, confide, 2 believe, misery, proves, 3 extensive, settlement, 4 furnished, luxuriously 5 envious, study, 6 prospective, enthusiasm, 7 heat, humidity, 8 tropic (al), warmth, humidity, 9 playwright, 10 expanded, oversea (s), circumnavigate

Exercise 6.

1 restored, 2 gothic, 3 demolished, 4 extensive 5 accommodation, 6 expect, 7 panel (l) ed, 8 overlook

1 educated, 2 legal, 3 qualified, 4 tutors, 5 formal

1 chiefly, 2 scientific, 3 induction, 4 collection, 5 adopted, 6 research, 7 application, 8 foundation

1 moderation, 2 harmful, 3 accessibility, 4 desirable, 5 deeply

Понравилось? Сохраните на будущее и поделитесь с друзьями!

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Источник

КОЛПАКОВА ЕЛЕНА СЕРГЕЕВНА

МБОУ СОШ № 1 г. БЕРДСК

учитель английского языка

СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ (WORD—BUILDING). Тренировочные упражнения по теме.

(для 5 – 11 классов)

СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ (WORD—BUILDING). Тренировочные упражнения по теме.

В английском языке имеется несколько способов словообразования:

1) конверсия (образование новых слов без изменения их написания и произношения)

2) словосложение (образование нового слова путем сложения двух слов в одно)

3) изменение ударения в слове (и получение нового слова другой части речи).

4) аффиксация (прибавление к корню суффикса или префикса)

Конверсия. Словосложение. Изменение ударения.

Иногда слово может менять свое значение и выполнять новую синтаксическую функцию в предложении, не изменяя при этом написания и произношения (конверсия). Наиболее распространенным является образование глаголов от существительных:master (хозяин) — tomaster (управлять), house (дом) — tohouse (размещать), water (вода) — towater (поливать). Но глаголы могут быть образованы и от прилагательных:empty (пустой) — toempty (опустошать) white (белый) — towhite (белить).

Словосложение — это объединение полнозначных слов или их основ в сложное слово. Вновь образованное сложное слово пишется слитно или через дефис: airfield — аэродром (air — воздух, field — поле), air—base — авиабаза (air — воздух, base — база), airman — авиатор (air — воздух, man — мужчина), schoolday — школьный день (school — школа, day — день), birthplace — место рождения (birth — рождение, place — место).

Сложные слова могут состоять из двух существительных, первое из которых приобретает значение прилагательного. В этом случае слова пишутся отдельно. Например: servicedress — форменная одежда, одежда для службы (service — служба, dress — платье), shopwindow — витрина (shop — магазин, window — окно), skimmilk — снятое молоко (toskim — снимать (накипь и т.д.), milk — молоко).

Многие существительные совпадают по форме с глаголами, но отличаются ударением. Как правило, в существительных ударение падает на первый слог, а в соответствующих глаголах — на второй:export (экспорт) — toexport (экспортировать) present (подарок) — topresent (дарить).

Словообразование с помощью аффиксации.

Образование новых слов может происходить при помощиприсоединения к основе слова суффиксов или префиксов (приставок). Префиксы присоединяются к корню слова в начале, а суффиксы — в конце. Слова, образованные с помощью префиксов или суффиксов, в отличие от простых слов, называются производными.

Префиксы, как и суффиксы, могут присоединяться к различным частям речи, изменяя при этом значение основы слова, например: happy (счастливый) — unhappy (несчастный) — happiness(счастье) — happily (счастливо); help (помощь) — helper (помощник) — helpful (полезный) — helpless (беспомощный).

Наиболее употребительные приставки (префиксы) и их значения:

1.Префикс со значением “снова”, “заново”, “вновь”, “пере”:

re-	to construct (строить) — to reconstruct (перестроить),to read (читать) — to reread (перечитать),to write (писать) — to rewrite (переписать)

2. Префиксы, которые придают словупротивоположное значение или обозначают противоположное действие:

un- dis- de- anti- counter-

contra-

to dress (одеваться)— to undress (раздеваться), to tie (связывать) — to untie (развязывать)

to appear (появляться)— to disappear (исчезать)

formation(формирование) — deformation(деформация)

fascist(фашист) —anti—fascist(антифашист)

attack(атака) — counterattack(контратака)

to contradict (противоречить, возражать)

3.Префиксы, имеющие отрицательное значение:

ab-

un-

im-in-

ir- il- dis- mis- non-

amoral (аморальный, безнравственный)

absent(отсутствующий), abnormal (ненормальный)

kind (добрый) — unkind (недобрый)

possible(возможный) — impossible (невозможный)

ability(способность) — inability(неспособность)

regular(регулярный)— irregular(нерегулярный)

legal(легальный)— illegal (нелегальный)

honest(честный) —dishonest(нечестный),

to understand (понимать) — to misunderstand (неправильнопонять)

interference(вмешательство) — non-interference(невмешательство)

! NOTE !

Приставка, которая начинается на “i” изменяется в зависимости от того, какая за ней стоит буква:il + l,ir + r,im + b,m, p.

4. Префиксы, имеющие значение “сверх”, “пере”, “чрезмерно”:

over- super- ultra-

extra-

to pay (платить)— to overpay (переплатить)

human(человеческий) — superhuman (сверхчеловеческий)

short(короткий)— ultra-short (ультракороткий)

extraordinary(необычный)

5.Префиксы со значением “между”, “взаимно”:

со-

inter—

existence(существование) — co—existence(сосуществование)

national(национальный)— international(интернациональный)

6.Префиксы, которые переводятся как

а)“перед”:

рге-

fore-

war(война) —pre—war(довоенный),historic (исторический) —prehistoric (доисторический)

to foresee (предвидеть)

б)“после”:

post—

war (война,) — post—war(послевоенный),revolutionary(революционный)—post—revolutionary(послереволюционный)

в)“недостаточно”, “недо-“:

under—

topay(платить) —tounderpay(оплачивать низко, т.е. недостаточно оплачивать, недоплачивать), production(производство) — underproduction (недопроизводство)

г)“под”:

sub-	division(разделение)— subdivision (подразделение),committee(комиссия,комитет)— subcommittee (подкомиссия)

д)“экс”, “бывший”:

ex—	champion(чемпион) —ex—champion(бывший чемпион)

е)само-, авто-

auto—

autobiography(автобиография), automatic(автоматический)

ж)полу-

semi—

semifinal(полуфинал), semicircle (полукруг)

з)через-, транс-

trans-

transatlantic (трансатлантический)

и)вверх, кверху, наверху

up—	upstairs(вверх по лестнице), upside(верхняя часть), touproot (вырывать с корнем)

к)двойной, два, дважды

bi—	bilingual(двуязычный), bi—monthly(выходящий два раза в месяц)

л)имеющий дело с книгами

bibli(o)-

bibliography(библиография)

м)относящийся к жизни

н)второстепенное значение

by—	by-street(переулок,улочка)

о)много-, мульти-, поли-

multi-

poly-

multicolored(многоцветный), multimillionaire (мультимиллионер)

polyglot(полиглот), polytechnic (политехнический)

п)второстепенноезначение

by-	by-street(переулок,улочка)

7.Префикс глагола, имеющий значение “делать”:

en—	large(большой) — to enlarge(увеличивать, делать больше), danger (опасность) — toendanger(подвергать опасности), force(сила) — to enforce(принуждать, настаивать)

Основные суффиксы существительных:

1. Суффиксы, обозначающие принадлежность к

а)политическому направлению профессии или нации:

-ist

-an, -ian

Communist(коммунист),Marxist (марксист}, materialist (материалист);

artist (художник), typist (машинистка),pianist (пианист), historian (историк),librarian(библиотекарь),musician (музыкант);Russian(русский),Bulgarian(болгарин)

2. Суффикс, обозначающий учение, теорию, качество:

-ism	marxism(марксизм),heroism (героизм)

3. Суффиксы, обозначающие действующее лицо, его занятие или должность:

—ег, -or

-ee, -eer

to teach (учить) — teacher(учитель),to direct (руководить) — director (руководитель)

employee (служащий), refugee (беженец,эмигрант), auctioneer (аукционер),

4.Суффикс, обозначающий результат действия:

-ment

-ade

achievement(достижение),agreement (согласие),government (правительство)

lemonade(лимонад),blockade (блокада)

5.Суффиксы, обозначающие

а)состояние:

-hood

-ship

—cy,—acy

brotherhood(братство),childhood(детство),manhood(мужественность)

dictatorship(диктатура), friendship (дружба),leadership(руководство)

accuracy(точность), infancy (младенчество), supremacy (превосходство)

б)действие, состояние:

-age

-ing

-ence

-ance

-ion, -tion

-ition, -ation

-sion

-al

shortage(нехватка),marriage(брак, супружество), voyage(путешествие)

hunting(охота), crossing(пересечение, перекресток), living(житье)

silence(молчание),difference(различие)

importance(важность),resistance(сопротивление)

collection(собрание, коллекция), dictation(диктант, диктовка)

competition (соревнование), hesitation(сомнение, колебание)

decision(решение)

removal( удаление),arrival(прибытие),refusal(отказ), approval(одобрение)

в)качество или состояние:

—dom

—ness

—ty

freedom(свобода),kingdom(королевство),wisdom(мудрость)

coldness(холод), darkness (темнота), kindness(доброта), weakness(слабость)

activity(активность),safety(безопасность)

г)место действия, занятие или состояние

—ery	bakery(булочная), surgery(кабинет хирурга), cookery(кулинария), slavery(рабство)

д)род занятий, отрасль науки

-ics	physics(физика), politics (политика)

Основные суффиксы прилагательных:

1.Суффикс, образующий прилагательные от существительных и обозначающийнациональную принадлежность или слабую степенькачества:

-ese

-ish

Chinese(китаец,китайский), Japanese (японец,японский)

Pole(поляк)— Polish (польский),Scott(шотландец)— Scottish (шотландский)

red (красный) — reddish(красноватый), child(ребенок) — childish(ребячливый, детский)

2.Суффиксы, образующие прилагательные от глаголов и обозначающиеналичие качества:

-ive

-ent

-ant

toact(действовать) — active(активный),totalk(разговаривать) – talkative (разговорчивый)

todiffer (различать) — different(различный), toinsist(настаивать) — insistent(настойчивый)toobserve(наблюдать, замечать) —observant(наблюдательный, внимательный)

3.Суффиксы, образующие прилагательные от существительных
и обозначающие наличие качества, свойства:

-ic

-al

-ful

-ous

—у

base(основа) —basic(основной),economy (экономика) —economic (экономический)

centre(центр) —central(центральный)

culture(культура) — cultural(культурный),beauty (красота) — beautiful (красивый)

peace(мир) —peaceful(мирный),fame(слава) —famous(знаменитый)

cloud(облако) — cloudy(облачный),sun (солнце)— sunny (солнечный)

4.Суффиксы, образующие прилагательные от различных частей
речи и обозначающие

а)качество, свойство:

—аrу

—огу

element(элемент)— elementary (элементарный)

illusion(иллюзия)— illusory (обманчивый,иллюзорный)

б)способность что-либо сделать, состояние, качество:

-able

— ible

to change (изменить)— changeable (изменчивый)

to eat (есть) — eatable(съедобный),reason(разум)— reasonable (разумный)

в)отсутствиекачества:

—less

useless(бесполезный), windless(безветренный)

Основные суффиксы глаголов:

—ate

—en

—fy, —ify

—ize, —ise

active(активный)— toactivate(активизировать)

short(короткий) — to shorten (укоротить)

pure(чистый) — to purify (очищать), simple (простой) — to simplify (упрощать)

character(характер) — to characterize (характеризовать)

Основные суффиксы наречий

Суффиксы, образующие наречия от

а) прилагательных, иногда — существительных, порядковых числительных и причастий:

-ly	bad(плохой)— badly (плохо),part(часть) — partly(частично),first(первый)— firstly (во—первых)

б) существительных и наречий и обозначающиенаправление(или направленность):

-wards

—ward

North(север) —northward(s)(к северу, на север),after(после) —afterwards(впоследствии, позже, потом),back(обратно, назад) —backward(s)(назад, в обратном направлении)

home(дом, домой)— homeward(к дому, по направлению к дому)

NOTE!В английском языке большое место занимают слова, заимствованные из других языков. Такие слова называютсяинтернациональными. По корню этих слов легко догадаться об их значении. Например:telegram(телеграмма),orchestra(оркестр),concert(концерт)и др. Умение подмечать интернациональные слова в значительной степени облегчает работу по переводу текста.

WORD-BUILDING (exercises)

Ex. 1. Переведите следующие слова, выделите в них суффиксы и префиксы:

Untrue, prehistoric, ultramodern, postwar, ex-champion, anti-body, decompose, decode, deform, depart, discover, disappearance, reread, reconstruct, coauthor, unequal, misunderstand, undress, disarm, anti-fascist, cooperation, co-existence, interaction, superhuman, ultra-violet.

Ex. 2. Определите, к какой части речи относятся следующиеслова. Переведитеих:

Achievement — achieve, resistance — resistant, assistance — assist — assistant, celebration — celebrate, difference — different, city — citizen, nation — national — nationality, measure — measurement, develop — development, act — active — activity, contain — container, discover — discovery — discoverer, literature — literary, graduate — graduation — undergraduate —post-graduate, educate — education, progress — progressive, act — action — activity — active, govern — governor — government.

Ex. З. Образуйте от данных глаголов существительные с помощью суффикса -ег или —or.Переведите на русский язык:

To lead, to write, to read, to visit, to speak, to sleep, to act, to direct, to conduct, to drive, to fight, to mine, to report, to sing, to skate, to swim, to teach, to travel, to sail, to invent, to found, to compose.

Ex. 4. Образуйте от данных слов существительные с помощьюсуффикса—ist, —ism, —ian.Переведите на русский язык:

Special, social, art, capital, economy, international, piano, technic, mathematics, statistics, politics, music, electric, Russia, Hungary, Canada, India.

Ex. 5. Образуйте от данных глаголов существительные спомощью суффикса —ment.Переведите на русский язык:

Develop, achieve, move, arrange, treat, state, improve, agree, equip, govern, require, measure, announce, pave.

Ex. 6. Образуйте прилагательные с помощью суффиксов—fulи—less,переведите их на русский язык:

Beauty, thank, hope, doubt, care, aim, use, shape, fruit, power, thought, harm, colour.

Ex. 7. Образуйте прилагательные с помощью суффиксов—able,—ible,переведите их на русский язык:

Change, convert, prevent, break, compare, desire, profit, read, comfort,respect, expect.

Ex. 8. Найдите и выделите суффиксы в данных словах и определите, к какой части речи эти слова относятся:

British, foolish, understandable, heartless, pitiless, successful, experiment, function, musician, socialist, artist, capitalism, professional, fundamental, industrial, doubtful, useful, different, treatment, creative, attractive, peaceful, dangerous, elementary, childish, active, economic, director, worker, passage, marriage, silence, freedom, kingdom.

Ex. 9. Образуйте глаголы с помощью суффикса —en:

Red, tight, soft, deep, short, dark, bright, weak, black, white, sweet,sharp, strength.

Ex. 10. Образуйте наречия с помощью суффикса -1уи переведите их:

Bad, first, part, quick, strong, short, silent, rapid, wide, extreme, cruel, kind, happy.

Ex. 11. Образуйте глаголы от данных существительных. Переведитеих:

Turn, smile, smoke, snow, start, stay, step, stop, study, talk, visit, rest, air, paper, cover, handle, cause, watch, act, address, answer, brush, clean, cross, crowd, wave, wish, work, dance, doubt, dress, end, fight, help, hope,joke, laugh, lift, light, love, mind, paper, pencil, place, plan, play, post, reply, report, return, sail, show.

Ex. 12. Переведите на русский язык. Выделите словообразующие элементы. Определите, к какой части речи относятся данные слова:

React, reaction, reactor, reactivity; science, scientific, scientist; industry, industrial, industrious; cold, coldly, coldness; dark, darkness, darken; happy, happily, happiness, unhappy; equal, equally, unequal, equality; free,freedom, freely; attention, attentive, attentively; sun, sunny, sunless; care,careful, careless, carefully, carelessness; to differ, different, difference,indifferent; England, English, Englishman; fame, famous.

Ex. 13. Переведите следующие сложные слова:

Airport, armchair, bathroom, bedroom, bookcase, bookshelf, classroom, custom-house, dining-room, drawing-room, fireplace, folksong,gentleman, hairbrush, icebox, newspaper, notebook, postcard, post-office, raincoat, sportsman, sunshine, writing-table.

Ex. 14. Прочтите следующие пары слов, соблюдая ударения.Переведитеих:

An accent — to accent, a contract — to contract, a content — to content, a contest — to contest, a convoy — to convoy, a convict — to convict, a perfect — to perfect, a record — to record.

Ex. 15. Определите, к каким частям речи относятся выделенные слова:

1.Неworks as a teacher. 2. I saw one of his works at the exhibition. 3. I was waiting for your report. 4. They report the results of their experiment every Monday. 5. Hisreport contains some of his thoughts about the experiment. 6. You’ll make progress if you work hard. 7. He thought about his new work.8. I have a present for you. 9. I am busy at present. 10. He presented me with a book.

Ex. 16. Проанализируйте состав следующих слов. Определите части речи. Дайте начальную форму. Переведите слова:

Powerful, inventor, high-quality, network, demoralize, profitable, dislike, disagree, movement, shorten, incorrect, electricity, fruitful, fruitless, happiness, dangerous, noisy, sunny, rainy, badly, strongly, reading, teaching, rebuild, retell, leader, teacher, unhappy, unusual, translation, cooperation, schoolboy, icebreaker.

Ex. 17. Напишите сложные существительные, исходя из объяснений.

Например: A machine for drying hair – hair drier.

1. A thing for opening tins — … . 2. A machine for playing records — … . 3. A machine for mixing food — … . 4. A thing that times eggs (when they are boiling) — … . 5. Things for warming people’s legs — … . 6. Stuff that kills flies — … . 7. A liquid that removes paint — … . 8. A tool that opens bottles — … . 9. A thing for peeling potatoes — … . 10. A liquid for removing eye makeup — … . 11. Stuff for freshening the air — … .

Ex. 18. Напишите словосочетания по модели число+ существительное+существительное (! не забывайте что число и первое существительное соединяется дефисом и что это существительное обычно стоит в единственном числе)

Например: a walk lasting for three miles – a three-mile walk.

1. A girl who has just celebrated her sixteenth birthday — … . 2. A flight lasting for ten hours — … . 3. A note that is worth twenty pounds — … . 4. A language course that lasts four weeks — … . 5. A drive that takes three hours — … . 6. A meal that consists of three courses — … . 7. A holiday that lasts two weeks — … . 8. A delay at the airport that went on for two hours — … . 9. A letter that goes on for ten pages — … . 10. A university course that takes three years — … . 11. A prison sentence of ten years — … . 12. A hotel with five stars — … . 13. A speed limit of 30 miles an hour — … . 14. A house that was built two hundred years ago — … .

Ex. 19. Распределите прилагательные по трем группам: 1) люди, 2) места, 3) вещи:

Obstinate, unspoilt, hand-made, waterproof, easy-going, breathtaking, aggressive, deserted, overgrown, overcrowded, cunning, picturesque, arrogant, long-lasting, spoilt, automatic, accurate, artificial.

Ex. 20. Выберите слово с нужным по смыслу префиксом или суффиксом.

1. I know Jim Kerry is very popular but I find him totally childish / childlike. 2. I couldn’t work out whom the letter was from. The signature waschildish / childlike. 3. Sarah is so childish / childlike. She always plays trick on her friends. 4. It was wonderful to watch the tiny lambs playing. I got such childish / childlike pleasure from the experience. 5. Sophie is extremely sensitive / sensible at the moment. Anything you say seems to upset her. 6. Karen is not a very sensitive / sensible person. She wore high-heeled shoes for our four-mile walk. 7. I’ve never known her to tell a lie. She’s a very true / truthful person. 8. I can never watch sad films that are based on true / truthful a story. They always make me cry. 9. Susan is so intolerable / intolerant of other people. She never accepts anyone else’s opinion, and she always thinks she knows best. 10. I find Mark’s behaviourintolerable / intolerant. It’s unfair to be so selfish. 11. We’re having an economic / economical crisis at the moment. James has lost his job and I don’t know how we are going to pay the rent. 12. It’s more economic / economical to drive slowly. You can do a lot more miles to the gallop.

Ex. 21. Подберите к каждой тройке слов такое, чтобы с его помощью образовать составные существительные, используйте слова:board,green,paper,book,birthday,blood,rain,site,road,sports,ice,water,day,night,hand,case,sun,bag.

Например: camp…, building…, bomb… – campsite, building site, bomb-site.

1. …test, …pressure, …donor. 2. …fall, …melon, …skiing. 3. …house, …grocer, …salad. 4. …club, …mare, …shift. 5. brief…, suit…, book… . 6. paper…, plastic…, shoulder… . 7. …bow, …coat, …drop. 8. …shine, …rise, …set. 9. …works, …sign, …rage. 10. black…, floor…, notice… . 11. …light, …break, …dream. 12. …shake, …writing, …book. 13. …cube, …berg, …rink. 14. …cake, …present, …card. 15. …scape, …lady, …slide. 16. …car, …center, …ground. 17. address…, visitor’s…, note… .

Ex. 22. Дополните предложения сложными существительными в скобках (это могут быть и составные существительные, и существительные в притяжательном падеже в простой или аналитической форме).

1. Your coat is on the … (back,chair).2. You’ve just spilt the … (milk,cat). 3. Canyoubuysome … (paper,toilet).4. I never listened to my … (advise,parents).5. Can you buy a … (wine, bottle) to have with supper? 6. What did that … (road, sigh) say? Did you see it? 7. It’s such a mess in here. There are empty … (wine, bottles) everywhere. 8. The … (Prime Minister, duties) include entertaining heads of the state. 9.The … (my shoe, heel) has come off. 10. Can I borrow your … (brush,hair)?11. What happened at the … (film,end)? 12. Hereis … (today,news).13. Where is the nearest … (Metro,station)? 14. It’smy … (anniversary, parents, wedding) next week. 15. The … (company, success) is due to its efficiency. 16. I’ve got a … (fortnight, holiday) next month. 17. The … (government, economic policy) is confusing. 18. My children go to the local … (school,state). 19. Theannual … (rate, inflation) is about 4 percent. 20. Are there any … (coffee, cups) in your bedroom? There are none in the kitchen. 21. Do you want a … (coffee, cup)?

Ex. 22. Заполнитепропускиглаголомилисуществительным:advice – to advise, use – to use, abuse – to abuse, belief – to believe, relief – to relieve, grief – grieve, excuse – to excuse, breath – to breathe, half – to halve, house – to house, safe – to save, bath – to bathe.

1. It is my personal … that this man is innocent. 2. Let me listen to your chest. Take a deep … and say “Ah”. 3. You should put your valuables in the … . 4. Drug … is a terrible problem all over the world. 5. I know it isn’t good for my skin, but I love sun … . 6. I’ve been so worried about you! It’s such a … to see you at last! 7. “What are we going to do with this cake?” “Cut it in two. You take … and I’ll take … .” 8. Can you show me how to … this new coffee machine? 9. The refugees are … in temporary accommodation. 10. She apologizes for her behavior, and said it was because she’d had a busy day, but that’s no … for breaking all the plates. 11. People need time to … after the death of someone they love. 12. Take my … . Never marry for money. Marry for love.

Ex. 22. Напишите слово противоположное по значению, используя префикс

Kind, honest, credible, appear, fair, equal, pleased, continue, fasten, normal, employed, friendly, trust, professional, known, cover, safe, use, probable, important, emotional.

WORD-BUILDING (Test)

1.Определите, к какой части речи относятся данные слова. Переведите их:

Beautiful, function, artist, musician, heartless, economic, worker, badly, act, action, active, basic, fruitless, population,movement, historic, democratic, work, daily, literature, picture, organization, friendship, highly, leader, fight, fighter, national, impressive, hopeful, hopeless, beautiful, special, specialist, define,definition, humanism, humanist, humanistic, use, useful, useless.

2. Переведите слова на русский язык. Определите префикс и его значение:

Coauthor, undress, disarm, postwar, illegal, unkind, reconstruct, deformation, prewar, antibody, ex-champion, superhuman, ultrashort.

3.Образуйте прилагательные от существительных при помощи следующих суффиксов:—al, —ful, —ous, -у, —able, —ible, —ic, —less, —ish.Переведите пары слов.

Reason, beauty, hope, doubt, care, aim, use, desire, boy, success, heart,experiment, form, office, danger, fame, electron, base, nature, cloud, sun,child, Scott, history, home.

4.Переведите предложения. Определите, к каким частям речи относятся выделенные слова. Назовите сложные слова:

1. Many pupils study English. 2. My grandfather has a large study. 3. Who ruled this country? 4. All sportsmen must obey therules of the game. 5. The Soviet Union is tied by friendship with India in their work for peace. 6. All peace-loving people work for peace for the whole of mankind.

5. Назовите глаголы, от которых образованы следующие существительные:

Protection, show, writer, worker, movement, investigation, achievement, statement, reader, department, equipment, construction, organization, reporter, arrival, improvement, conductor, establishment, development, education, definition, regulation, assistance, agreement.

6.Переведите без словаря. Определите, к какой частиречи относятся слова:

a) Specialist, institute,university, culture, central, national, nation, international, organization, Soviet, minister, nature, natural, traditional, progressive, moral, social, socialist, public, programmer, popular, modern, revolution,revolutionary, final, talent, continent, festival, political, experiment, experimentation, electricity, technical, transformation,system, systematically, practice, practical, seminar, lecture, lecturer, period, historic, history, professor, complex, form, acceleration, instrument, philosopher, idea, basic, fundamental, conceptions, mass, class, element, motor, method, problem, energy, radio, text, material, temperature, progress, television.

b)1.France and England are European countries. 2. In the evening we like to listen to classical music. 3. We saw a comedy at the Drama Theatrelast night. 4. Your train leaves from platform two. 5. This jazz orchestra gave severalconcerts in our town. 6. In 1610 Galileo constructed the first telescope in the world. 7. This was a dangerous experiment.

7.Проанализируйте следующие слова, какие они? Определите их составляющие. Переведите на русский язык:

Ice-hockey, world-wide, bedroom, newspaper, long-term, birthplace, sportsman, apple-pie, peace-loving, schoolchildren, football, highland, television, underground, north-west, sometimes, lowland, landscape, well-known, multinational, network, vice-president.

8. Поставьте слово, указанное в скобках, в нужную форму.

1. My father is very … (act) even though he’s seventy. 2. I’ve always wanted to work in the theatre, but … (act) it isn’t a very secure profession. 3. I … (hope), we’ll soon find a solution to the problem. 4. Look … (care) to the left and to the right before crossing the road. 5. It was very … (care) of you to lose my watch. 6. I take two … (day) newspapers and three Sunday papers. 7. You’ve broken my camera! Look at it! It’s … (use)! 8. Thanks for the advice. It was really … (use). 9. I have some very … (noise) neighbours. 10. She became … (fame) as a result of her invention.

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Задания на словообразование. Word building exercises.

Упражнение 1. Раскройте скобки. Образуйте существительные.

The study calculated that replacing weekly fruit juice … with whole fruits could bring health benefits. (consume)
For my birthday Mother baked a cake with yellow … . (ice)
Carbohydrates, proteins and fats are called … because they provide the fuel your body needs. (nutrition)
Many women have to juggle … and a full-time job. (mother)
… are unavoidable when three … live under one roof. (argue, generate)
Her deep … of her sister was evident. (hate)
Older people who live alone often need help with gardening and house … (maintain)
Positive attitude helps employees to get along with … and managers. (worker)
China’s air… has cut life … by an average of 5.5 years in the north of the country and caused higher rates of lung cancer. (pollute, expect)
It is much safer to use stainless steel or glass … instead of plastic ones. (contain)

Упражнение 2. Раскройте скобки. Образуйте прилагательные.

My favorite … book is “Appetite” by Nigel Slater. (cooker)
Eating can also make you …, and so can waking up in the morning. (thirst)
You shouldn’t rest on your laurels but try to improve your … performance. (academy)
Highly … gas is naturally found in coal mines. (explode)
An … species is a species of organisms facing a very high risk of extinction. (danger)
The most… earthquake struck in Shanxi, China 1556. (disaster)
… exploitation of nature by man has resulted in the effects we have to deal with now. (thought)
Laos is a landlocked … country, widely covered by tropical forest. (mountain)
I decided to take a walk. It would be too … to wait in the queue. (tire)

Упражнение 3. Используйте отрицательные приставки. Образуйте подходящие по смыслу слова.

The service was slow and the waiter’s familiarity was … , so we left without paying. (accept)
Some children are a challenge, especially when they … in public places. (behaviour)
To my … , the restaurant was overbooked and we had to spend the evening at home. (appoint)
Michael was … about what dessert to order. (decide)
Parents’… of their children’s behaviour and life choices can ruin their lives. (approve)
There is a huge difference between … children and those merely … to listen to their parents’ advice. (obey, will)
Young children mustn’t be left … either at home or at public places. (attention)
She was frequently left alone by her … husband. (faith)
If you describe someone as …, you are criticising them because they are unable to do their job or a task properly or are … to act in this capacity. (competence, qualifications)
Banks are still seen as … and many people keep their savings at home. (security)

Упражнение 4. Раскройте скобки, образуйте глаголы.

Guar gum also is used in the food industry to … products like ice cream. (thick)
Old Manchester houses are made of red brick… by soot. (black)
David spotted the pink silk lampshade in a shop and thought it would … up the room. (bright)
Do we ever stop to think about the importance of the air we … ? (breath)
I’d like to … this dress for one in a larger size. (change)
They … 100 dollars from a bank account an hour ago. (draw)

Упражнение 5. Раскройте скобки. Образуйте подходящие по смыслу слова.

Sometimes one’s … are the only people one can … in. (parental, confidence)
Many people … that getting a spouse can put them out of their…, which later… wrong, because sometimes marriage makes life more difficult. (belief, miserable, proof)
An … Roman … has been discovered in northwest England, (extend, settle)
The dining-room is elegantly … and … carpeted, (furniture, luxury)
Everyone is … of her having the chance to … abroad, (envy, student)
When employers look at… candidates, beyond skills, experience, and training, they look for those who demonstrate … (prospect, enthuse)
In the city the … and … were insufferable, (hot, humid)
Our planet’s… regions, located just north and south of the equator, are known for their… and … (tropic, warm, humid)
Next to Shakespeare, no … gets more love on Broadway than Tennessee Williams, (play)
During Elizabeth’s reign England significantly … its trade … and in 1580 Sir Francis Drake became the first Englishman to successfully … the earth, (expansion, sea, circumnavigation)

Упражнение 6. Образуйте слова от данных. Вставьте слова в текст.

RESTORATION, LOOK, DEMOLITION, EXTEND, GOTH, ACCOMMODATE, PANELLING, UNEXPECTED

FORM, ILLEGAL, EDUCATIONAL, QUALIFICATIONS, TUITION

CHIEF, SEARCH, SCIENCE, INDUCE, COLLECT, APPLY, ADOPTION, FOUND

DEPTH, HARMLESS, DESIRE, MODERATE, ACCESS

Ответы к упражнениям на словообразование. Word building exercises – answers.

Exercise 1.

1 consumption, 2 icing, 3 nutrients, 4 motherhood/maternity, 5 arguments, generations, 6 hatred, 7 maintenance, 8 co-workers, 9 pollution, expectancy

Exercise 2.

1 cookery, 2 thirsty, 3 academic, 4 explosive, 5 endangered, 6 disastrous, 7 thoughtless, 8 mountainous, 9 tiresome

Exercise 3.

1 unacceptable, 2 misbehave, 3 disappointment, 4 indecisive, 5 disapproval, 6 disobedient, unwilling, 7 unattended, 8 unfaithful, 9 incompetent, unqualified, 10 insecure

Exercise 4.

1 thicken, 2 blackened, 3 brighten, 4 breathe, 5 exchange, 6 withdrew

Exercise 5.

Exercise 6.

1 restored, 2 gothic, 3 demolished, 4 extensive 5 accommodation, 6 expect, 7 panel (l) ed, 8 overlook

1 educated, 2 legal, 3 qualified, 4 tutors, 5 formal

1 chiefly, 2 scientific, 3 induction, 4 collection, 5 adopted, 6 research, 7 application, 8 foundation

1 moderation, 2 harmful, 3 accessibility, 4 desirable, 5 deeply

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FCE (First Certificate) Word Formation: Verbs

en-	-ify	-ise	-en
enlarge enable entrust enrage ensure endanger	beautify clarify specify identify terrify purify	televise advise organise specialise prioritise criminalise apologise	widen lengthen deepen shorten tighten brighten darken weaken strengthen

Write the correct form of the word in brackets to complete these sentences. Be very careful — these are verbs. So, for example, if the word is DEEP, the verb could be deepen, deepens, deepening or deepened.

I find it difficult to my work. (PRIORITY)
I’m studying medicine. I want to in genetics. (SPECIAL)
This photograph is too small. Can you it for me? (LARGE)
I didn’t understand what you just said. Could you it? (CLEAR)
My electronic dictionary me to listen to the pronunciation of new words. (ABLE)
He loves insects. He can over 50 different types of beetle.(IDENTITY)
There are a lot of accidents on this road — the council should it. (WIDTH)
The time we spent apart only my love for him. (STRONG)
You didn’t what flavour you wanted, so I got you chocolate. (SPECIFIC)
His speech was too long. He should have it. (SHORT)
He always thinks he’s right. He never for his mistakes. (APOLOGY)
I think the government should alcohol. (CRIMINAL)
Thank you for the flowers you sent last month. They really up my room. (BRIGHT)
The burglar that no one was in the house before he broke in. (SURE)
The film «The Ring» me. I couldn’t sleep for days. (TERROR)
The government’s plans for the hospitals will thousands of lives. (DANGER)

Word Formation: Nouns with -ion

Noun	Verb	Adjective
application	apply	applicable
permission	permit	permissable
solution	solve	unsolved
description	describe	descriptive
intention	intend	unintended
competition	compete	competitive
decision	decide	decisive
explanation	explain	unexplained
production	produce	productive
repetition	repeat	repetitive
consumption	comsume	consumable
qualification	qualify	qualified

Write the correct form of the word in brackets to complete these sentences. Some of the answers are irregular (from the table above), but there are other regular nouns included here. Don’t forget to use an -s if necessary.

Please send a photograph with your CV and form. (APPLY)
You need to make a today. (DECIDE)
Her of the grammar was very unclear. (EXPLAIN)
We had a long about our problems. (DISCUSS)
Students must have their parent’s to come on the trip. (PERMIT)
He is still in hospital, recovering from his . (OPERATE)
I entered a bowling . (COMPETE)
My children never show for anything I do! (APPRECIATE)
I can’t come up with a to this problem. (SOLVE)
The of junk food has increased over the last 20 years. (CONSUME)
You need a lot of for this job. (QUALIFY)
When I lived abroad, I found the from my family very difficult. (SEPARATE)
The of the new flats is nearly finished. (CONSTRUCT)
We don’t want a of the violence at last year’s football match. (REPEAT)
The police are conducting an into the murder. (INVESTIGATE)
I gave the police a of the thief. (DESCRIBE)
It wasn’t my to offend you. (INTEND)
We are making for the wedding. (PREPARE)
I’ve just had a very interesting with your sister. (CONVERSE)
You can try our product for free, with no to buy it. (OBLIGE)

Verb + ment / adjective + ness

Many verbs can form nouns with the suffix -ment. And many adjectives can form their nouns with the suffix -ness.

Verb	Noun	Adjective	Noun
achieve	achievement	aware	awareness
amuse	amusement	dark	darkness
argue	argument	forgetful	forgetfulness
develop	development	happy	happiness
encourage	encouragement	homeless	homelessness
excite	excitement	lazy	laziness
improve	improvement	lonely	loneliness
involve	involvement	rude	rudeness
judge	judgement	tidy	tidiness
measure	measurement	weak	weakness

Write the correct form of the word in brackets to complete these sentences. There are lots more examples here than in the list above, so remember that often verbs use ‘ment’ to make nouns, and often adjectives use ‘ness’. And remember that sometimes the nouns will be plural!

«Ladies and gentlemen, I would like to make an . (ANNOUNCE)
is a problem everywhere, not just in big cities. (HOMELESS)
His made me very angry. (RUDE)
What does your doctor recommend for the ‘flu? (TREAT)
We had a big about whose turn it was to wash up. (ARGUE)
I woke up at 2am. The house was in complete . (DARK)
We need some special if we want to go mountain climbing. (EQUIP)
If you drink too much alcohol, it will impair your . (JUDGE)
The interviewer asked me about my strengths and . (WEAK)
My friends gave me a lot of when I was worried about my driving test. (ENCOURAGE)
To my , I was offered £10,000 for my old car! (AMAZE)
The company has made lots of to their internet services. (IMPROVE)
I used to find his funny, but now it really annoys me. (FORGETFUL)
Winning the race was an amazing for my daughter. (ACHIEVE)
This book is very unrealistic, but that didn’t spoil my of it. (ENJOY)
We are still making for the wedding next month. (ARRANGE)
Drivers should stop to rest during long car journeys, because can cause accidents. (TIRED)
People can experience at many times during their lives, and for many reasons. (LONELY)

Word Formation: Nouns with -ence and -ance

Two common noun endings are -ance and -ence. Usually, their adjectives are made with -ant and -ent. Here are some common examples which might help you in the FCE exam.

Noun (-ence)	Adjective	Verb
evidence	evident	—
existence	existing	to exist
(in)dependence	(in)dependent	to depend
difference	different	to differ
intelligence	intelligent	—
(dis)obedience	(dis)obedient	to (dis)obey
excellence	excellent	to excel
silence	silent	to silence
violence	violent	to violate
innocence	innocent	—
occurrence	—	to occur
(im)patience	(im)patient	—

Noun (-ance)	Adjective	Verb
attendance attendant (person)	—	to attend
assistance assistant (person)	—	to assist
(dis)appearance	apparent	to (dis)appear
distance	distant	—
(un)importance	(un)important	—
acceptance	accepting	accept
reassurance	reassured	to reassure
(ir)relevance	(ir)relevant	—
(in)significance	(in)significant	to signify

Unfortunately, accidents are a common along this road. (OCCUR)
It’s difficult to believe in the of aliens. (EXIST)
The police are looking for of the attack. (EVIDENT)
She thinks everyone hates her and needs from her friends all the time. (REASSURE)
Scientist believe that the mysterious of millions of bees is due to disease. (APPEAR)
What’s the best punishment for a teenager? (OBEY)
What he said was true, but it was completely . (RELEVANCE)
100% is necessary to pass this course. (ATTEND)
I’m the only person who believes in his . Even the police think he’s guilty. (INNOCENT)
There are three shop over there — you should ask one of them for help. (ASSIST)
Some people think that if you enjoy your job, the salary is , but I love money! (IMPORTANCE)
I’m excited because I’ve just got a letter of from Cambridge University! (ACCEPT)
Cats are extremely animals. They don’t really need people. (DEPEND)
You need a lot of if you want to work with children. (PATIENT)

Word Formation: Adjectives with -ful/-less

Most adjectives which end in -ful make the negative with -less. But, not all. Note also that we can make adverbs from these adjectives with -fully or -lessly. For example, carefully and carelessly. This is a list of key words which might appear in the FCE exam.

Noun	Verb	Adjective
care	care	careful/careless
harm	harm	harmful/harmless
help	help	(un)helpful/helpless
hope	hope	hopeful/hopeless
pain	pain	painful/painless
power	power	powerful/powerless
use	use	useful/useless
thought	think	thoughtful/thoughtless
taste	taste	tasteful/tasteless

Noun	Verb	Adjective
count	count	countless/countable
end	end	endless
home	—	homeless
peace	—	peaceful
play	play	playful
price	price	priceless
success	succeed	(un)successful
truth	—	(un)truthful/(un)true
worth	worth	worthless

Write the correct adjective or adverb for each of these questions. You will need to use -ful/-less or -fully/-lessly. Some answers will also need un-.

What a lovely present! That was very of you. (THINK)
He drives really — one day he’s going to have an accident. (CARE)
He’s told me times about how good he is at football. (COUNT)
Because of his bad interview, he was in his job application. (SUCCEED)
«I didn’t eat your chocolate,» she said , hiding the empty wrapper. (TRUE)
It’s . England will never win the World Cup football again. (HOPE)
My best friend is a rich, lawyer. (POWER)
You must remember to recharge your phone. Without its batteries, it’s . (USE)
Cigarettes are to your health. (HARM)
The sales assistant was really and rude. (HELP)
A newborn baby is completely . (HELP)
«Don’t worry — this injection will be completely . (PAIN)
Thieves broke into the museum and stole a painting by Van Gogh. (PRICE)
She’s really rich, but her clothes are always very and elegant. (TASTE)
I bought some shares in the company 5 years ago, but unfortunately now they are . (WORTH)
His speech went on . I thought he’d never stop talking. (END)

Word Formation: Negatives

Negative prefixes can be used with nouns, verbs, adjective and adverbs. For example disapproval, disapprove, disapproving, disapprovingly.
Usually im + p (impatient) but not always (unpleasant).
Often il + l (illegal) but not always (unlikely).
Often ir + r (irregular) but not always (unresponsive).
Usually -ful changes to -less (harmful/less) but not always (endless).

un-	in	dis-	im-
unexpected unaware unbelievable unknown unable	inaccurate inappropriate inefficient incapable ineffective	disapprove dislike disagree disbelief dishonest	improbable impossible impolite imperfect impatient
il-	ir-	mis-	-less
illegal illiterate illogical illegible	irregular irresponsible irrational irregular	misbehave misunderstand misspell misuse	careless harmless helpless endless

The politician was accused of being (HONEST)
His story was so I thought he was crazy. (BELIEVE)
She looked at him in when he told her the shocking news. (BELIEVE)
Many people are of the dangers of mobile phones. (AWARE)
He’s invited me to his party. It would be to say no. (POLITE)
Too many children nowadays are growing up . (LITERATE)
That’s not what I said! You’ve me. (UNDERSTAND)
My dog is completely . I promise he won’t bite. (HARM)
The medicine was — he didn’t recover. (EFFECT)
His answers were very so he failed the Maths exam. (ACCURATE)
It’s that people will ever live on the moon. (LIKELY)
He waited for the train. (PATIENT)
It’s to smoke in public places nowadays. (LEGAL)
I would never teach children. They always . (BEHAVE)
The shirt he’s wearing is completely for a job interview. (APPROPRIATE)
His speech was . I thought he’d never stop talking. (END)

Word Formation: Irregular Nouns

Noun	Verb	Adjective	Adverb
(dis)belief	(dis)believe	(un)believable	(un)believably
a choice	choose	chosen	—
a defense	defend	defensive	defensively
a death	die	dead/deadly	deadly
a gift	give	—	—
a loss	lose	lost	—
a marriage	marry	(un)married	—
practice	practise	practising	—
pretense	pretend	—	—
proof	(dis)prove	(un)proven	—
safety	save	(un)safe	safely
a sight	see	unseen	—
a speech	speak	(un)spoken	—
a success	succeed	(un)successful	(un)successfully
a thought	think	thoughtful/less	thoughtfully/lessly

The flowers are poisonous — don’t eat them! (DIE)
You have no — you must do it. (CHOOSE)
Their was a very happy one. (MARRY)
You need to do some more of this grammar. (PRACTISE)
We don’t have any that he committed the crime. (PROVE)
She’s really about her new haircut.(DEFEND)
The company made a on their new product. (LOSE)
I stared at him in . (BELIEVE)
Your parents really care about your . (SAVE)
The politician’s really made me think about the issues. (SPEAK)
We tried to keep up the that everything was OK. (PRETEND)
I need to get a for my parents’ wedding anniverary. (GIVE)
I’m really sorry. You were in your job application. (SUCCEED)
He lost his in the accident (SEE)
He’s really selfish and . (THINK)

Word Formation: height, width …

The word formation part of the FCE use of English exam often tests adjectives such as ‘short’, ‘wide’, ‘dark’ and their nouns and verbs. Here is a list of some of the more common adjectives and their forms.

Adjective	Noun	Verb
deep	depth	deepen
high	height	heighten
—	weight	weigh
wide	width	widen
long	length	lengthen
short	shortage (= not enough) shortness (= not tall)	shorten
large	enlargement	enlarge
low	—	lower
tight	tightness	tighten
loose	looseness	loosen
strong	strength	strengthen
weak	weakness	weaken
dark	darkness dark	darken
bright	brightness	brighten

Normally I prefer tall men, but my husband’s isn’t a problem. (SHORT)
The news report covered the economic crisis in . (DEEP)
A healthy diet will your life expectancy. (LONG)
If they this road, there would be fewer accidents. (WIDE)
I think I’ll this photograph. (LARGE)
The airport has security at passport control. (TIGHT)
I do yoga to my back. (STRONG)
There is a water nearly every summer in the south of England. (SHORT)
The moment I left work I my tie and started to relax. (LOOSE)
When I myself, I found out I’d lost 10kg! (WEIGHT)
The of my computer screen gives me a headache. (BRIGHT)
I’m afraid of so I couldn’t live on the 10th floor. (HIGH)
The lights went out and the room was plunged into . (DARK)
I’m afraid of the so I sleep with the lights on. (DARKEN)
The government are going to the legal drinking age to 18. (LOW)
His long illness has him. (WEAK)

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