Word building suffixes exercises

Word formation suffixes Grade/level: FIRST by Tarja1	Word formation 5 fce Grade/level: B2 by ROXANROXAN	Suffixes and Prefixes Grade/level: Pre-Intermediate by Sousamaria
Negative Prefixes Grade/level: Intermediate by LarysaPr	Word Formation — Suffixes Grade/level: Grade 4 by marialau	Prefixes and suffixes Grade/level: B2-C1 by thechannel
Word Formation Upper-intermedate Level Grade/level: upper-intermediate by olgavillanua	Wordbuilding Grade/level: b1 by Irene99	Word building — Changing Verbs to Nouns Grade/level: Form 4 by nanikadir
Word Formation FCE Grade/level: FCE by kconstantinides	Adjective formation Grade/level: A2 by Bluengungo123	Word Formation-1 (Multiple Choice) Grade/level: B1-B2 by ODruz
Word form 1 Grade/level: G12 by BinhBinh	Word formation Nouns Grade/level: Grade 4 by marialau	Word formation (Prefixes-Suffixes) Grade/level: intermediate by mariaflor
FCE Use of English part 3 — Remembering dreams Grade/level: FCE B2 by Marcelo_Nobre	Word formation 1 (B1+ — C1) Grade/level: B1+, B2, C1 by Pattriziah	Word formation — Level B1.1 Grade/level: B1.1 by ElenaMinkova
Noun formation FCE Grade/level: B2 by solbrossard39	Word formation Grade/level: B1+ by papuch	Word formation Grade/level: B2/C1 by dukaneantra
BBC video — Are we born to speak? Grade/level: B2/C1 by Marcelo_Nobre	Letters asking for information Grade/level: Intermediate by szabjass	Word Formation — occupations Grade/level: A1 / A2 by teacherangelaventura
Matura skills: word formation Grade/level: upper-intermediate by emyszka	ОГЭ word formation Grade/level: 9 by Elena_Andreevna	This documentary is about animal kingdom Grade/level: pre-intermediate by mada_1
Word formation Grade/level: B1 by DeminAlena	FCE Word Formation Grade/level: Upper Intermediate by Ernie06	Word Formation 4 August,13th Grade/level: Intermediate by veromunio
Word formation. suffixes Grade/level: BACHILLERATO by pepimil	Give correct form of the words to complete the sentences Grade/level: 7 by tailieuanh79	Word formation — NOUNS Grade/level: Intermediate by ciconkova
TASK 17 ОГЭ tasks 17-25 and 26-31 Grade/level: grade 9 by oalexeeva	Word Family — Verb to Noun, Noun to Verb Grade/level: Upper Intermediate by amcerico	Word Formation- NOUNS- CAE Grade/level: B2-C1 by Olga_Roma
Word Formation Grade/level: B1 by susyRamos	Spotlight 9 Task 9116 Grade/level: 9 by him2english	Extra Training 9331 Grade/level: C1 by him2english
Spotlight 8 Task 8208 Grade/level: Grade 8 by him2english	Word building Activity Grade/level: B2 by valeriavillamonte	Word formation Grade/level: Grade 11 by MilenaRuzheva
Word formation Grade/level: FCE by AleMore2020	Negative Adjective Prefixes Grade/level: Grade 4 by rolasah	Adjectives suffixes Grade/level: Pre Intermediate/Intermediate by olgastruzh
Word Formation Grade/level: B1+ by SoleLiria	Forming Adjectives with Suffixes Grade/level: B2 by estherlee76	Word formation Grade/level: Proficiency by VicMoreyra

Саюкова Наталья Александровна
учитель английского языка
НОУ ООЦ «Школа» г. Тольятти

В последнее время перед учителями российских школ возникла необходимость эффективной подготовки к ЕГЭ. Все языковые экзамены направлены на контроль эффективности коммуникации в устной и письменной речи. Это предполагает наличие в них заданий на контроль навыков аудирования, чтения, говорения, письма и лексико-грамматических заданий. Особую сложность у выпускников наших школ вызывает раздел по словообразованию.В своей педагогической практике при подготовке к ЕГЭ я использовала следующие таблицы с прификсами и суффиксами для определенных частей речи, упражнения и тестовые задания. Я надеюсь, что учителям английского языка, работающим в выпускных классах эти материалы окажутся полезными при подготовке к ЕГЭ и к другим существующим международным и национальным экзаменам по иностранному языку.

WORD FORMATION
PREFIXES

(1) PREFIXES WITH NEGATIVE MEANING

These prefixes change the meaning of the word from positive to negative:

Un –	equal fair important official	unequal unfair unimportant unofficial
In —	ability adequate capable comparable	in ability in adequate in capable in comparable
Im – (before -m and -p)	mobile measurable patient possible	immobile immeasurable impatient impossible
Dis —	order advantage honest	disorder disadvantage dishonest
il – (before l)	legal logical BUT! limited likable	illegal illogical unlimited unlikable
Ir – (before r)	regular resolute	irregular irresolute
Mis —	fortune trust	misfortune mistrust
Non —	sense resistance	nonsense nonresistance

PRACTICE

Exercise 1. PREFIXES WITH NEGATIVE MEANING.

Complete each word with prefixes in-, un-,ir-,il-,dis.

1. I am afraid that the world is full of ___ justice.

2. ___ agreements about causes of this disease seem likely to continue for many years.

3. Discrimination in hiring is ___ legal.

4. Thank you for your help. It was ___ valuable.

5. The ___ armament Conference will be held in Geneva.

6. The amount of food aid the country received is quite ___ sufficient.

7. The garden is divided into ___ equal parts.

8. Your passport is ___ valid. The date expired two month ago.

9. Why are you so ___ sensitive to other people’s problems?

10. One ___ advantage of city living is high cost.

11. I can’t believe this is happening. This is so ___ fair.

12. The newspapers depicted her as a greedy,___ responsible betrayer of the truth.

13. The teacher expressed ___ satisfaction with the work of our committee.

14. Everything is possible. The ___ possible just takes longer.

15. Good answers don’t always come quickly. So don’t be too ___ patient.

16. I was so frustrated because my dad was ___ willing to see my problems through my eyes.

(2) OTHER PREFIXES

Mis – (со значением неправильно, неверно)	misinterpretation misunderstanding misusage misuse	неверное истолкование недоразумение плохое обращение неправильное использование
Under – (со значением недостаточно)	undernutrition underproduction undersupply undereducated	недостаточное питание недопроизводство недостаточное снабжение не имеющий достаточного образования
Pre – (со значением перед, ранее; соответствует в русском языке приставке пред-)	precaution predecessor prediction preface prehistoric	предосторожность предшественник предсказание предисловие доисторический
Post – (со значением после; соответствует в русском языке приставке после-, пост-)	postglacial postwar Post-impressionism	послеледниковый период послевоенный постимпрессионизм
Anti – (соответствует в русском языке приставке анти-)	anticyclone antioxidant antidepressant antipode	антициклон антиоксидант антидепрессант антипод
Counter – (соответствует в русском языке приставке проти-, контр-, противо- )	counterforce countermeasure counterpropaganda counterclockwise	сила противодействия контрмера контрпропаганда против часовой стрелки
Co – (обозначает сотрудничество)	co-education cooperation coexistence	совместное обучение сотрудничество сосуществование
Inter – (со значением между-, взаимо-)	interaction interdependence/cy international interdisciplinary	взаимодействие взаимозависимость международный междисциплинарный
Ex – (соответствует приставке экс -, бывший)	ex-husband ex-wife ex-champion ex-president	бывший (экс-) муж бывшая (экс-) жена бывший (экс-) чемпион бывший (экс-) президент
Ultra – (со значением ультра-, сверх-)	ultrasound ultramodern ultraviolet ultrasonic	ультразвук ультрасовременный ультрафиолетовый сверхзвуковой, ультразвуковой
Sub – (соответствует в русском языке приставке под-, суб-)	subcommittee subconsciousness subculture submarine	подкомитет подсознание субкультура подводная лодка
Over – (со значением сверх-, чрезмерно-)	overproduction overestimate overcharge	перепроизводство слишком высокая оценка слишком высокая цена

SUFFIXES

(1) NOUN-building suffixes:

-ty (образует существительные от прилагательных)	social (общественный) stupid (глупый) certain (определенный) able (способный) equal (равный)	society (общество) stupidity (глупость) certainty (определенность) ability (способность) equality (равенство)
-ion (-ation, -tion, -sion, -ssion) (образует существительные от глаголов)	suggest (предлагать) combine (комбинировать) elect (избирать) include (включать) transmit (передавать)	suggestion (предложение) combination (комбинация) election (выборы) inclusion (включение) transmission (передача)
-er,-or (присоединяется к глаголам для обозначения действующего лица)	produce (производить) lead (вести) build (строить) govern (управлять) direct (направлять)	producer (производитель) leader (ведущий, лидер) builder (строитель) governor (губернатор) director (директор)
-ee (служит для обозначения лица, на которое направлено действие)	train (тренировать(ся), обучать(ся)) address (адресовать) employ (нанимать)	trainee (практикант, стажер) addressee (адресат) employee (служащий)
-ness (образует существительное от прилагательных)	bitter (горький) sick (больной) aware (осведомленный) near (близкий) weak (слабый)	bitterness (горечь) sickness (болезнь) awareness (осведомленность) nearness (близость) weakness (слабость)
-ian, -an, -n (для обозначения профессии, национальной принадлежности)	history (история) library (библиотека) Canada (Канада)	historian (историк) librarian (библиотекарь) Canadian (канадец)
-ist (как и в русском языке для обозначения принадлежности к политическому или научному направлению и др.)	social (социальный) science (наука) method (метод) tour (тур)	socialist (социалист) scientist (ученый) methodist (методист) tourist (турист)
-ment (образует существительные от глаголов)	announce (объявлять) advertise (рекламировать) place (размещать) arrange (организовывать) require (требовать)	announcement (объявление) advertisement (реклама) placement (размещение) arrangement (мероприятие) requirement (требование)
-ance or ence (образует существительные от глаголов)	occur (случаться) exist (существовать) persist (настаивать) assure (уверять) appear (появляться)	occurrence (случай) existence (существование) persistence (настойчивость) assurance (заверение) appearance (появление)
-age (обычно образует существительные от глаголов)	marry (жениться) pass (проходить)	marriage (брак) passage (проход)
-ure (образует существительные от глаголов)	depart (уезжать) please (доставлять удовольствие) press (давить)	departure (отъезд) pleasure (удовольствие) pressure (давление)
-dom (образует существительные от прилагательных и существительных)	free (свободный) wise (мудрый) king (король) bore (скучный человек)	freedom (свобода) wisdom (мудрость) kingdom (королевство) boredom (скука)
-hood м(обычно образует существительные от других существительных)	brother (брат) man (мужчина) mother (мать) neighbor (сосед) adult (взрослый)	brotherhood (братство) manhood (мужественность) motherhood (материнство) neighborhood (соседство) adulthood (зрелость)
-ship (образует существительные от других существительных)	citizen (гражданин) dictator (диктатор) owner (владелец)	citizenship (гражданство) dictatorship (диктатура) ownership (собственность, право собственности)
-ism (образует абстрактные имена существительные, ср. –изм в русском языке)	profession (профессия) individuality (индивидуальность) journalist (журналист)	professionalism (профессионализм) individualism (индивидуализм) journalism (журнализм)
-th образует сущ. от прилагательных)	warm (теплый) long (длинный) wide (широкий) young (молодой)	warmth (теплота) length (длина) width (ширина) youth (молодость)

PRACTICE

Exercise 2. NOUN-building suffixes.
Complete each sentence with the words which end in –ance, -ence, -ment, -tion, -ness.

1. Dan continued to write the essay after midnight. This ___ of writing was necessary for him.

2. Schools usually place new students in different English classes depending on their English abilities. The students’ ___ depends on the scores they get on an English test.

3. President Abraham Lincoln declared Thanksgiving a national holyday. He made this happy ___ in 1864.

4. Television stations announce news. They interrupt programs to make important ___ as soon as they receive the news.

5. Winnie and Loretta are good friends. They are very close and tell each other everything. Their ___ will continue for many years.

6. Scientists are working to develop a cure for all kinds of cancer. The ___ of a cure will be welcome all around the world.

7. There were several ___ of Janet’s illness before she began to get well. Then her illness occurred again, and she was very unhappy.

8. Jason is my best friend. He always encourages me when I have a difficult problem. In fact, his ___ has helped me to succeed many times.

9. For centuries no one could prove the ___ of the ninth planet. Then in 1930 Clyde Tombaugh proved that Plato existed when he located it through a telescope.

10. Edward assured me enough that the plane travel was safe. In spite of all his ___ , I was very frightened on my first plane trip.

11. Alice went to doctor because she had ___ in her leg. The doctor told her that she felt weak because she didn’t exercise enough.

12. My dad wanted me to be aware of the heavy traffic on the highway. My ___ of driving conditions saved me a lot of times.

Exercise 3. NOUN-building suffixes.

Complete each word so that it ends in -hood, -ship, -dom, -ness, -ty.

1. A true friend ___ lasts throughout life.

2. After ten years in prison Paul was given his free ___.

3. Repetition of ads on TV has an incredible effect on the popular ___ of the product.

4. I spend most of my child ___ playing computer games.

5. It is very unlikely that someone could penetrate the U.S. military secure ___ system.

(2) ADJECTIVE-building suffixes:

Many adjectives do not have particular endings (young, old, pretty, etc.). However, there are some common endings for adjectives formed from nouns and verbs.

-able, -ible	changeable acceptable horrible responsible	-ar	popular regular similar
-ent, -ant	consistent confident distant resistant	-ate	passionate literate (illiterate) obstinate
-like	businesslike ladylike	-ist	racist journalist
-al	central cultural natural	-ary	imaginary legendary revolutionary
-esque	picturesque grotesque	-ive	attentive sensitive competitive
-ious, -ous	victorious dangerous glorious spacious	-some	troublesome lonesome tiresome
-ly	friendly timely dailyм weakly	-ic/-ical	heroic tragic historical economical
-y	lucky dirty cloudy healthy	-ish	boyish reddish Swedish foolish
-ful	successful useful purposeful doubtful	-ory	contradictory compulsory introductory
-less	jobless hopeless careless useless	-an, -ian	Mexican Russian Indian Scandinavian

Exercise 4. ADJACTIVE-building suffixes.
Fill in an appropriate adjective derived from the given word.

1. He had a very ___ career. success

2. He is quite ___ when making up his mind. decide

3. The solution was positively ___ . ingenuity

4. The ___ burden of running a place like this is really great. finance

5. Windsor Castle is a ___ residence, situated not far from London. luxury

6. The Castle is located in a very ___ place. picture

7. ___ chatting with a friend is not the best way to prepare for the examination. Mind

8. It is ___ inviting Barry to the party as he is so busy. worth

9. Can’t you see she is ___ after being up all night. edge

10. His words were ___ but his look became grave. play

11. Ghana is a ___ country of thick ___ forests and great beaches. color, tropics

12. The person I’m thinking of is ___ , ___ and accurate. observe, inquire

PROGRESS TEST (Word Formation)

Choose the correct item.

1. The Roosevelts spent a year in Europe traveling about, seeing ___ sights, visiting museums. (history)

2. If Teddy wanted a ___ career, he would have to go abroad for three years of study. (science)

3. He learned that ___ is a matter of give and take. (policy)

4. The Labor Party had nominated a popular and ___ leader. (power)

5. While running for presidency he made three to five ___ every day. (speak)

6. People loved their new president for his ___ . (young)

7. He started on his biggest and most ___ project. (success)

8. He described ___ deeds of American people. (hero)

9. They were ideal parents because they had ___ patience, love for children and the home life. (end)

10. In the 19th century there was ___ in London, homelessness and all attendant problems associated with big cities. (poor)

11. He had come to England shortly after the ___ of his mother. (dead)

12. This new CD tower system is attractive and ___ . (style)

13. Each evening Julia would surf through the World Wide Web in at all the information available. (amaze)

14. When a boy found a lizard he measured the total ___ of its tail with his ruler. (long)

15. We found the script ___ , and we enjoyed the dialogue between the main characters very much. (fascinate)

16. The water in many lakes and rivers is ___ . As a result, it needs to be cleaned before people can drink it. (pure)

17. ___ in large multinational companies have excellent career opportunities if they are willing to travel. (employ)

18. From this spot, we travel through ___ , rolling country to Gettysburg, a town of historic interest. (picture)

19. His dream was to become the world’s greatest ___ . (biology)

20. The lack of knowledge or reliance upon ___ is harmful. (information)

21. The population ___ in this area is very low. (dense)

22. Such kind of behavior only seems ___ . (logical)

23. The theme of his report was ___ for war. (ready)

24. On the yacht we’ve often seen passengers talking in whispers and exchanging packages. (mystery)

1. Добавьте один из суффиксов (-er, -r, -ian, -ist, -man) к словам, чтобы образовалось название профессии. Переведите образовавшиеся слова.

Н-р:    police (полиция) – policeman (полицейский)

1. music (музыка)                                 8. science (наука)
2. journal (журнал)                                9. art (искусство)
3. post (почта)                                      10. sports (спорт)      
4. drive (водить машину)                      11. manage (управляться)
5. reception (встреча)                           12. photograph (фотография)
6. electric (электрический)                    13. interpret (переводить)
7. politics (политика)                             14. build (строить)

                                                                15. fire (огонь)

2. Посмотрите на суффиксы существительных и прилагательных. Образуйте недостающие слова в столбцах и переведите образовавшиеся слова.

Существительные: —ness, -ion, -ation, -ment, -ance, -ition

Прилагательные: —al, -y, -ly, -ful, -ous, -tific

        1)  Прилагательное                                         Существительное

1.         lucky (удачный)                                             luck (удача)

2.         ……                                                               happiness (счастье)

3.         wonderful (чудесный)                                     ……

4.         ……                                                               speed (скорость)

5.         greedy (жадный)                                            ……

6.         ……                                                               friend (друг)

7.         ……                                                               danger (опасность)

8.         traditional (традиционный)                              ……

9.         ……                                                               science (наука)

10.       ill (больной)                                                  ……

11.       ……                                                               truth (правда)

12.       ……                                                               profession (профессия)

13.       ……                                                               business (бизнес)

14.       healthy (здоровый)                                         ……

15.       ……                                                               wealth (богатство) 

         2)  Существительное                                                Глагол

1. investigation (расследование)                          investigate (расследовать)
2. ……                                                               invite (приглашать)
3. discussion (обсуждение)                                 ……
4. ……                                                               appear (выглядеть)

     5.  ……                                                               organize (организовать)

     6.  ……                                                               relax (расслабляться)

     7.  competition (соревнование)                              ……

1. ……                                                               invent (изобретать)

3. Составьте как можно больше слов, добавляя к основе приставки и суффиксы. Используйте словарь. Переведите образовавшиеся слова.

Н-р: help (помогать) – helpful (услужливый), helpfulness (услужливость), unhelpful (неуслужливый), helpless (беспомощный), helplessness (беспомощность)

      Приставка                       Основа/корень слова                                    Суффикс

                                            1. possible

                                            2. polite                                                          -ful

          un-                              3. stress

                                            4. thought

                                            5. agree                                                          -ity

          mis-                             6. use

                                             7. like

                                             8. taste                                                          -less

          im-                               9. understand

                                            10. hope

                                            11. care                                                          -ness

           in-                              12. mortal

                                            13. human

                                            14. success                                                     -ment

           dis-                            15. conscious

                                            16. popular                                                     -able

                                            17. profit                                                

4. Образуйте сложные слова и переведите их.

Н-р:   clock (часы) + work (работа) = clockwork (часовой механизм)

Clock, pocket (карман), place (место), ball (мяч), dish (тарелка), sun (солнце), pool (водоем), head (голова), bird (птица), ice (лед), fire (огонь), work, black (черный), cream (сливки), pick (вынимать), swimming (плавание), ache (боль), foot (ступня), washer (мойка), glasses (стекла)

Ответы:

1.

1. musician (музыкант)                          8. scientist (ученый)
2. journalist (журналист)                        9. artist (художник)
3. postman (почтальон)                        10. sportsman (спортсмен)
4. driver (водитель)                               11. manager (менеджер)
5. receptionist (администратор)             12. photographer (фотограф)
6. electrician (электрик)                        13. interpreter (переводчик)
7. politician (политик)                           14. builder (строитель)

                                                                15. fireman (пожарный)

2.

1)

1. lucky   (удачный)                               9. scientific (научный)
2. happy  (счастливый)                          10. illness (болезнь)
3. wonder (чудо)                                   11. truthful (правдивый)
4. speedy (скоростной)                          12. professional (профессиональный)
5. greed (жадность)                               13. busy (деловой)
6. friendly (дружелюбный)                      14. health (здоровье)
7. dangerous (опасный)                          15. wealthy (богатый)
8. tradition (традиция)

2)

1. investigation (расследование)                      5. organization (организация)
2. invitation (приглашение)                              6. relaxation (расслабление)
3. discuss (обсуждать)                                   7. compete (соревноваться)
4. appearance (внешность)                              8. invention (изобретение)

3. 

1. impossible (невозможный), possibility (возможность), impossibility (невозможность)
2. impolite (невежливый), politeness (вежливость), impoliteness (невежливость)
3. stressful (стрессовый), distress (недомогание), distressful (печальный)
4. thoughtful (задумчивый), thoughtfulness (задумчивость), thoughtless (бездумный), thoughtlessness (бездумность)
5. disagree (не соглашаться), agreement (соглашение), disagreement (расхождение),  agreeable (соответствующий), disagreeable (неприятный)
6. disuse (перестать употреблять), useful (полезный), misuse (неправильно использовать), useless (бесполезный), uselessness (бесполезность)
7. dislike (не любить), likeness (сходство), unlikeness (несходство), unlike (непохожий)
8. tasteless (безвкусный), tasteful (со вкусом), tastefulness (хороший вкус), distaste (отвращение), distasteful (противный)
9. misunderstand (невернопонять), understandable (понятный), understandability (понятность)
10. hopeless (безнадежный), hopeful (оптимистический), hopelessness (безнадежность), hopefulness (надежда)
11. careless (беззаботный), careful (заботливый), carelessness (беззаботность), carefulness (тщательность)
12. immortal (бессмертный), mortality (смертность), immortality (бессмертие)  
13. humanity (гуманность), inhuman (бесчеловечный), inhumanity (бесчеловечность)
14. successful (успешный) , unsuccessful (безуспешный)
15. consciousness (сознательность), unconscious (бессознательный), unconsciousness (бессознательность)
16. popularity (популярность), unpopular (непопулярный), unpopularity (непопулярность)
17. profitable (прибыльный), profitability (прибыльность), unprofitable (нерентабельный)

 4.

fire-place (камин), blackbird (черный дрозд), swimming-pool (бассейн), dishwasher (посудомоечная машина), ice-cream (мороженое), pick-pocket (карманный вор), sunglasses (солнечные очки), football (футбол), headache (головная боль)

Упражнения на словообразование (с ответами) — 4.8 out of
5
based on
437 votes

FCE (First Certificate)     Word Formation: Verbs

en-	-ify	-ise	-en
enlarge  enable  entrust  enrage  ensure  endanger	beautify  clarify  specify  identify  terrify  purify	televise  advise  organise  specialise  prioritise  criminalise  apologise	widen  lengthen  deepen  shorten  tighten  brighten  darken  weaken  strengthen

Write the correct form of the word in brackets to complete these sentences. Be very careful — these are verbs. So, for example, if the word is DEEP, the verb could be deepen, deepens, deepening or deepened.

1. I find it difficult to  my work. (PRIORITY)
2. I’m studying medicine. I want to  in genetics. (SPECIAL)
3. This photograph is too small. Can you  it for me? (LARGE)
4. I didn’t understand what you just said. Could you  it? (CLEAR)
5. My electronic dictionary  me to listen to the pronunciation of new words. (ABLE)
6. He loves insects. He can  over 50 different types of beetle.(IDENTITY)
7. There are a lot of accidents on this road — the council should  it. (WIDTH)
8. The time we spent apart only  my love for him. (STRONG)
9. You didn’t  what flavour you wanted, so I got you chocolate. (SPECIFIC)
10. His speech was too long. He should have  it. (SHORT)
11. He always thinks he’s right. He never  for his mistakes. (APOLOGY)
12. I think the government should  alcohol. (CRIMINAL)
13. Thank you for the flowers you sent last month. They really  up my room. (BRIGHT)
14. The burglar  that no one was in the house before he broke in. (SURE)
15. The film «The Ring»  me. I couldn’t sleep for days. (TERROR)
16. The government’s plans for the hospitals will  thousands of lives. (DANGER)

Word Formation: Nouns with -ion

Noun	Verb	Adjective
application	apply	applicable
permission	permit	permissable
solution	solve	unsolved
description	describe	descriptive
intention	intend	unintended
competition	compete	competitive
decision	decide	decisive
explanation	explain	unexplained
production	produce	productive
repetition	repeat	repetitive
consumption	comsume	consumable
qualification	qualify	qualified

Write the correct form of the word in brackets to complete these sentences. Some of the answers are irregular (from the table above), but there are other regular nouns included here. Don’t forget to use an -s if necessary.

1. Please send a photograph with your CV and  form. (APPLY)
2. You need to make a  today. (DECIDE)
3. Her  of the grammar was very unclear. (EXPLAIN)
4. We had a long  about our problems. (DISCUSS)
5. Students must have their parent’s  to come on the trip. (PERMIT)
6. He is still in hospital, recovering from his . (OPERATE)
7. I entered a bowling . (COMPETE)
8. My children never show  for anything I do! (APPRECIATE)
9. I can’t come up with a  to this problem. (SOLVE)
10. The  of junk food has increased over the last 20 years. (CONSUME)
11. You need a lot of  for this job. (QUALIFY)
12. When I lived abroad, I found the  from my family very difficult. (SEPARATE)
13. The  of the new flats is nearly finished. (CONSTRUCT)
14. We don’t want a  of the violence at last year’s football match. (REPEAT)
15. The police are conducting an  into the murder. (INVESTIGATE)
16. I gave the police a  of the thief. (DESCRIBE)
17. It wasn’t my  to offend you. (INTEND)
18. We are making  for the wedding. (PREPARE)
19. I’ve just had a very interesting  with your sister. (CONVERSE)
20. You can try our product for free, with no  to buy it. (OBLIGE)

Verb + ment / adjective + ness

Many verbs can form nouns with the suffix -ment. And many adjectives can form their nouns with the suffix -ness.

Verb	Noun	Adjective	Noun
achieve	achievement	aware	awareness
amuse	amusement	dark	darkness
argue	argument	forgetful	forgetfulness
develop	development	happy	happiness
encourage	encouragement	homeless	homelessness
excite	excitement	lazy	laziness
improve	improvement	lonely	loneliness
involve	involvement	rude	rudeness
judge	judgement	tidy	tidiness
measure	measurement	weak	weakness

Write the correct form of the word in brackets to complete these sentences. There are lots more examples here than in the list above, so remember that often verbs use ‘ment’ to make nouns, and often adjectives use ‘ness’. And remember that sometimes the nouns will be plural!

1. «Ladies and gentlemen, I would like to make an  . (ANNOUNCE)
2.  is a problem everywhere, not just in big cities. (HOMELESS)
3. His  made me very angry. (RUDE)
4. What  does your doctor recommend for the ‘flu? (TREAT)
5. We had a big  about whose turn it was to wash up. (ARGUE)
6. I woke up at 2am. The house was in complete  . (DARK)
7. We need some special  if we want to go mountain climbing. (EQUIP)
8. If you drink too much alcohol, it will impair your  . (JUDGE)
9. The interviewer asked me about my strengths and  . (WEAK)
10. My friends gave me a lot of  when I was worried about my driving test. (ENCOURAGE)
11. To my , I was offered £10,000 for my old car! (AMAZE)
12. The company has made lots of  to their internet services. (IMPROVE)
13. I used to find his  funny, but now it really annoys me. (FORGETFUL)
14. Winning the race was an amazing  for my daughter. (ACHIEVE)
15. This book is very unrealistic, but that didn’t spoil my of it. (ENJOY)
16. We are still making  for the wedding next month. (ARRANGE)
17. Drivers should stop to rest during long car journeys, because  can cause accidents. (TIRED)
18. People can experience  at many times during their lives, and for many reasons. (LONELY)

Word Formation: Nouns with -ence and -ance

Two common noun endings are -ance and -ence. Usually, their adjectives are made with -ant and -ent. Here are some common examples which might help you in the FCE exam.

Noun (-ence)	Adjective	Verb
evidence	evident	—
existence	existing	to exist
(in)dependence	(in)dependent	to depend
difference	different	to differ
intelligence	intelligent	—
(dis)obedience	(dis)obedient	to (dis)obey
excellence	excellent	to excel
silence	silent	to silence
violence	violent	to violate
innocence	innocent	—
occurrence	—	to occur
(im)patience	(im)patient	—

Noun (-ance)	Adjective	Verb
attendance attendant (person)	—	to attend
assistance assistant (person)	—	to assist
(dis)appearance	apparent	to (dis)appear
distance	distant	—
(un)importance	(un)important	—
acceptance	accepting	accept
reassurance	reassured	to reassure
(ir)relevance	(ir)relevant	—
(in)significance	(in)significant	to signify

1. Unfortunately, accidents are a common  along this road. (OCCUR)
2. It’s difficult to believe in the  of aliens. (EXIST)
3. The police are looking for  of the attack. (EVIDENT)
4. She thinks everyone hates her and needs  from her friends all the time. (REASSURE)
5. Scientist believe that the mysterious  of millions of bees is due to disease. (APPEAR)
6. What’s the best punishment for a  teenager? (OBEY)
7. What he said was true, but it was completely . (RELEVANCE)
8. 100%  is necessary to pass this course. (ATTEND)
9. I’m the only person who believes in his . Even the police think he’s guilty. (INNOCENT)
10. There are three shop  over there — you should ask one of them for help. (ASSIST)
11. Some people think that if you enjoy your job, the salary is , but I love money! (IMPORTANCE)
12. I’m excited because I’ve just got a letter of  from Cambridge University! (ACCEPT)
13. Cats are extremely  animals. They don’t really need people. (DEPEND)
14. You need a lot of  if you want to work with children. (PATIENT)

Word Formation: Adjectives with -ful/-less

Most adjectives which end in -ful make the negative with -less. But, not all. Note also that we can make adverbs from these adjectives with -fully or -lessly. For example, carefully and carelessly. This is a list of key words which might appear in the FCE exam.

Noun	Verb	Adjective
care	care	careful/careless
harm	harm	harmful/harmless
help	help	(un)helpful/helpless
hope	hope	hopeful/hopeless
pain	pain	painful/painless
power	power	powerful/powerless
use	use	useful/useless
thought	think	thoughtful/thoughtless
taste	taste	tasteful/tasteless

Noun	Verb	Adjective
count	count	countless/countable
end	end	endless
home	—	homeless
peace	—	peaceful
play	play	playful
price	price	priceless
success	succeed	(un)successful
truth	—	(un)truthful/(un)true
worth	worth	worthless

Write the correct adjective or adverb for each of these questions. You will need to use -ful/-less or -fully/-lessly. Some answers will also need un-.

1. 
   What a lovely present! That was very  of you. (THINK)
2. He drives really  — one day he’s going to have an accident. (CARE)
3. He’s told me  times about how good he is at football. (COUNT)
4. Because of his bad interview, he was  in his job application. (SUCCEED)
5. «I didn’t eat your chocolate,» she said  , hiding the empty wrapper. (TRUE)
6. It’s  . England will never win the World Cup football again. (HOPE)
7. My best friend is a rich,  lawyer. (POWER)
8. You must remember to recharge your phone. Without its batteries, it’s . (USE)
9. Cigarettes are  to your health. (HARM)
10. The sales assistant was really  and rude. (HELP)
11. A newborn baby is completely  . (HELP)
12. «Don’t worry — this injection will be completely  . (PAIN)
13. Thieves broke into the museum and stole a  painting by Van Gogh. (PRICE)
14. She’s really rich, but her clothes are always very  and elegant. (TASTE)
15. I bought some shares in the company 5 years ago, but unfortunately now they are  . (WORTH)
16. His speech went on . I thought he’d never stop talking. (END)

Word Formation: Negatives

1. Negative prefixes can be used with nouns, verbs, adjective and adverbs. For example disapproval, disapprove, disapproving, disapprovingly.
2. Usually im + p (impatient) but not always (unpleasant).
3. Often il + l (illegal) but not always (unlikely).
4. Often ir + r (irregular) but not always (unresponsive).
5. Usually -ful changes to -less (harmful/less) but not always (endless).

un-	in	dis-	im-
unexpected unaware unbelievable unknown unable	inaccurate inappropriate inefficient incapable ineffective	disapprove dislike disagree disbelief dishonest	improbable impossible impolite imperfect impatient
il-	ir-	mis-	-less
illegal illiterate illogical illegible	irregular irresponsible irrational irregular	misbehave misunderstand misspell misuse	careless harmless helpless endless

1. The politician was accused of being  (HONEST)
2. His story was so  I thought he was crazy. (BELIEVE)
3. She looked at him in  when he told her the shocking news. (BELIEVE)
4. Many people are  of the dangers of mobile phones. (AWARE)
5. He’s invited me to his party. It would be  to say no. (POLITE)
6. Too many children nowadays are growing up  . (LITERATE)
7. That’s not what I said! You’ve  me. (UNDERSTAND)
8. My dog is completely . I promise he won’t bite. (HARM)
9. The medicine was  — he didn’t recover. (EFFECT)
10. His answers were very  so he failed the Maths exam. (ACCURATE)
11. It’s  that people will ever live on the moon. (LIKELY)
12. He waited  for the train. (PATIENT)
13. It’s  to smoke in public places nowadays. (LEGAL)
14. I would never teach children. They always . (BEHAVE)
15. The shirt he’s wearing is completely  for a job interview. (APPROPRIATE)
16. His speech was . I thought he’d never stop talking. (END)

Word Formation: Irregular Nouns

Noun	Verb	Adjective	Adverb
(dis)belief	(dis)believe	(un)believable	(un)believably
a choice	choose	chosen	—
a defense	defend	defensive	defensively
a death	die	dead/deadly	deadly
a gift	give	—	—
a loss	lose	lost	—
a marriage	marry	(un)married	—
practice	practise	practising	—
pretense	pretend	—	—
proof	(dis)prove	(un)proven	—
safety	save	(un)safe	safely
a sight	see	unseen	—
a speech	speak	(un)spoken	—
a success	succeed	(un)successful	(un)successfully
a thought	think	thoughtful/less	thoughtfully/lessly

1. 
   The flowers are  poisonous — don’t eat them! (DIE)
2. You have no  — you must do it. (CHOOSE)
3. Their  was a very happy one. (MARRY)
4. You need to do some more  of this grammar. (PRACTISE)
5. We don’t have any  that he committed the crime. (PROVE)
6. She’s really  about her new haircut.(DEFEND)
7. The company made a  on their new product. (LOSE)
8. I stared at him in  . (BELIEVE)
9. Your parents really care about your . (SAVE)
10. The politician’s  really made me think about the issues. (SPEAK)
11. We tried to keep up the  that everything was OK. (PRETEND)
12. I need to get a  for my parents’ wedding anniverary. (GIVE)
13. I’m really sorry. You were  in your job application. (SUCCEED)
14. He lost his  in the accident (SEE)
15. He’s really selfish and  . (THINK)

Word Formation: height, width …

The word formation part of the FCE use of English exam often tests adjectives such as ‘short’, ‘wide’, ‘dark’ and their nouns and verbs. Here is a list of some of the more common adjectives and their forms.

Adjective	Noun	Verb
deep	depth	deepen
high	height	heighten
—	weight	weigh
wide	width	widen
long	length	lengthen
short	shortage (= not enough) shortness (= not tall)	shorten
large	enlargement	enlarge
low	—	lower
tight	tightness	tighten
loose	looseness	loosen
strong	strength	strengthen
weak	weakness	weaken
dark	darkness dark	darken
bright	brightness	brighten

1. 
   Normally I prefer tall men, but my husband’s  isn’t a problem. (SHORT)
2. The news report covered the economic crisis in  . (DEEP)
3. A healthy diet will  your life expectancy. (LONG)
4. If they  this road, there would be fewer accidents. (WIDE)
5. I think I’ll  this photograph. (LARGE)
6. The airport has  security at passport control. (TIGHT)
7. I do yoga to  my back. (STRONG)
8. There is a water  nearly every summer in the south of England. (SHORT)
9. The moment I left work I  my tie and started to relax. (LOOSE)
10. When I  myself, I found out I’d lost 10kg! (WEIGHT)
11. The  of my computer screen gives me a headache. (BRIGHT)
12. I’m afraid of  so I couldn’t live on the 10th floor. (HIGH)
13. The lights went out and the room was plunged into  . (DARK)
14. I’m afraid of the  so I sleep with the lights on. (DARKEN)
15. The government are going to  the legal drinking age to 18. (LOW)
16. His long illness has  him. (WEAK)