Word building complete the table with the words using the suffixes below

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Данная
работа посвящена вопросам словообразования в английском языке с помощью
суффиксов и приставок.

Цель
работы: Помочь учащимся  8 — 9 классов подготовиться    к ОГЭ по английскому
языку и обогатить свой  словарный запас.

План:

1.     
Классификация
существительных.           .

2.     
Основные
способы словообразования.   

3.     
Образование
существительных               

— теория                                                                                 

— практические упражнения                      

4.     
Классификация
прилагательных.             

5.     
Образование
прилагательных

— теория                                                         

— практические упражнения                      

     
5.   Ключи к упражнениям.

Существительные/ Nouns.

В английском
языке существительные можно классифицировать по своему
составу на три группы:

1.     
Простые (simple nouns) существительные
представляют собой односложные слова.

 a book − книга

      2.   Производные
(derivative  nouns) – слова, состоящие из основы +
префикс или суффикс (иногда и то и другое):  impossibility — невероятность,  darkness — темнота, a builder — строитель, politeness
− вежливость
      3.   Сложные (compound  nouns) слова, состоящие из двух или более основ. Сложные
существительные могут писаться слитно и через дефис:  railway − железная
дорога, merry-go-round — карусель

Основные
способы словообразования это:

1.
Конверсия (conversion)
Гл.: to look — смотреть → Сущ.:
a look — взгляд Гл.: to play — играть → Сущ.:
a play — игра Гл.: to push — толкать → Сущ.:
a push — толчок Гл.: to ride — ездить верхом → Сущ.:
a ride — езда верхом Гл.: to set — устанавливать → Сущ.:
a set — установка

2. Словосложение
(composition)
 work + man = workman (рабочий) sea + food =
seafood (морепродукты) sea + side = seaside (побережье) rail + way = railway
(железная дорога) mail + box = mailbox (почтовый ящик) black + board =
blackboard (классная доска) arm + chair = armchair (кресло) school + bag =
schoolbag (портфель).

3. Аффиксация
(affixation) Суть аффиксации заключается в том, что к основе
какого-либо слова добавляется префикс или суффикс (а иногда
и то и другое) для образования нового слова. Зная значения префиксов и суффиксов
в английском языке, вам гораздо легче будет понимать значение незнакомых
для вас слов.

Образование
существительных/  Noun  formation

Приставки
существительных/ Prefixes

co-, com-, con-, col- (значение «вместе», «совместно»): collaboration − сотрудничество, concord — согласие, co-worker — сотрудник, co-existence — сосуществование	post— (значение «после»): postgraduate — аспирант, post-postscript -второй постскриптум	pre- (значение «до», «перед»): preimage — оригинал, прототип, prepossession − предрасположение, pre-arrangement − предварительная договоренность
trans- (значение «через»): transplantation — пересадка, transposition — перемещение	ex- (значение «предыдущий», «бывший»): ex-president — бывший президент, ex-husband − бывший муж, ex-champion − экс-чемпион	semi— (значение «половина»): semicolon — точка с запятой, semi-basement − полуподвал, semi-circle — полукруг
sub— (значение «под», «ниже», «меньше»): subdivision — подразделение, subway − подземка, метро, submarine — подводная лодка	inter- (значение «между», «среди», «взаимно»): interraction — взаимодействие, interactionism − интеракционизм	re— (значение «повтор»): reread, rewrite, re-cross − повторный перекрёстный опрос, допрос, remarriage − вступление в новый брак
de- (значение «противоположный»): de-icier — антиобледенитель, dehydration — обезвоживание	macro— (значение «большой», «много»): macro-economics — макроэкономика, macrobiotic — долголетие	micro- (значение «очень маленький/мало): micro-electronics — микроэлектроника, microscope — микроскоп
mini- (значение «маленький»): mini hi-fi − мини музыкальный центр, minibus — микроавтобус	existence — сосуществование mono- (значение «один», «одно и то же»): monorail − монорельсовая железная дорога, monotone – монотонность	multi- (значение «много»): multiformity − многообразие, multimillionaire — мультимиллионер
under— (значение «под», «мало»): underskirt − нижняя юбка, underpayment — недооплата, undergraduate — студент, underestimate — недооценка	over- (значение «сверх», «слишком»): overestimation — переоценка	out- (значение «снаружи»): output — выход, out-patient − амбулаторный больной

Мы можем образовывать существительные
от прилагательных и глаголов, добавляя суффиксы.

Образование 
существительных  с помощью суффиксов

От основы
глагола

-er/or	teach, work, mix	Teacher, worker, runner, player, mixer
-er/ee	employ	employer, employee
-ation, -ition	invite, revolt, examine	invitation, revolution, examination
-ing	build, dance, swim	building, dancing, swimming
-ment	agree, develop, commit , punish, enjoy	agreement, development, commitment, punishment, enjoyment
-ion, -tion, (ция) -sion	discuss, produce, collect, reduce , revise	discussion, production, collection, reduction, revision
-ent, -ant	assist, study	assistant, student
-ence, -ance (ность)	perform, depend, ignore	performance, dependence, ignorance
age	break	breakage
al	remove	removal
sis	hypnotize	hypnosis
y	injure	–injury

От основы существительного

-ist	science, tour	scientist, tourist
-an, -ian	republic, America	republican, American
-ition	revolt	revolution
-ing	dance	dancing
-ship	friend, partner, citizen	friendship, partnership, citizenship
-hood	brother, child, mother,	brotherhood, childhood, motherhood
-ese	China, Japan	Chinese, Japanese
-ess	actor, lion	actress, lioness

От основы
прилагательного или наречия

-ness	happy, rude, careless	happiness, rudeness, carelessness
-ty, -ity	certain, safe, secure	certainty, safety, security
-ance	tolerant	tolerance
-ence	independent	independence
-cy (ность)	pregnant	pregnancy
y   (ность)	honest	honesty
ty	Anxious,  pure	anxiety , purity

Ex. 1. 
Form nouns related   to a person and occupation using suffixes:

After the
verbs: —ent, -ant, -er

After the
nouns: —an, -ian

After the
verbs, nouns and   adjectives: — ist

1.      Politics	1.      inspect	17. inhabit
2.      build	2.      dance	18. employ
3.      wait	3.      law	19. act
4.      farm	4.      correspond	20. lie
5.      manage	5.      art	21. history
6.      sail	6.      tour	22. Italy
7.      bake	7.      contest	23. motor
8.      conduct	8.      study	24. assist

Ex. 2.
Word building. Use the words given in capitals to form new words (nouns)

There were a few people standing around outside the main (1)……………..to the building.	(1) ENTER
She has been working for the (2)……..for more than 10 years.	(2) ORGANISE
They got (сели)  in the car and drove off in the (3)……..of the town centre.	(3)  DIRECT
We expected a large (4)……….at the concert.	(4) ATTEND
Maria felt great (5)………..for her brother.	(5)   AFFECT
A (6)……………of good luck and skill helped us to win the game.	(6)   COMBINE
The decorators tried to cause as little (7)…………..to the people as possible.	(7)   DISTURB
The electrician checked the (8)……………..between the two cables.	(8)   CONNECT
Getting stuck in a traffic jam has become an everyday (9)…………. since I started driving.	(9)   OCCUR
The government will need to take (10)………..to deal with this crisis.	(10)                       ACT
The manager told his secretary he wanted no (11)………..from anyone during the meeting.	(11)                       INTERFERE
The burglars disguised themselves to avoid (12)……………	(12)                       DETECT

Ex. 3. Word building. Use the words given
in capitals to form new words (nouns)

Neil is an old (1) ……………..friend of his.	(1)   CHILD
When she told us what had happened , we all just stared at her in (2)…………….	(2)   AMAZE
Tom and Helen are in (3)…………….. together.	(3)   PARTNER
She is suffering from a serious (4)…….. and it`s going to take her a long time to recover.	(4)   ILL
Over the last few years, there has been a decrease in home (5)………..in the UK, with more people choosing to rent rather than buy.	(5)   OWNER
He`s very young to face the responsibilities of (6)………	(6)   FATHER
When we first visited the city, we were very impressed by the (7)…………..of the locals.	(7)   FRIENDLY

                                         
Прилагательные / Adjectives.

 В английском
языке прилагательные  можно классифицировать по своему составу
на три группы:

 — Простые —
в них, кроме корня, не выделяется суффикс и приставка:

 little   (маленький),
black (черный), short (короткий)

—  Производные — в этих словах выделяется
и корень, и приставка и суффикс: unkind (недобрый), beautiful
(красивый), untrue (неправильный)

—  Составные
(сложные) — состоят их нескольких основ, чаще всего разделенных
дефисом: snow-white (белоснежный), high-bred (хорошо воспитанный), red-hot
(раскаленный).
 Следует различать английские прилагательные,
которые оканчиваются на «-ing» и «-ed». Это необходимо знать, чтобы не путать
их с прошедшими глаголами, герундием и причастием. В этом
случае нужно ориентироваться по их роли и месту
в предложении. Словом на «-ing» обычно описывают впечатление
от предмета, явления или лица, а словами на «-ed» — состояние самого человека.

ing		ed
shocking	шокирующий	shocked	шокированный
surprising	удивительный	surprised	удивленный
exciting	волнующий	excited	взволнованный
tiring	утомительный	tired	усталый
interesting	интересный	interested	заинтересованный

                      ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫХ /
Adjective
formation

Отрицательные
приставки  —un, -dis, -in, -il, —
de,-  non, im — перед
m,
n, p, b. ir — перед
r

Ex. 4 
Translate  from English into Russian. 

loyal – disloyal
_________________

active – inactive________________

happy – unhappy_______________

patient – impatient_____________

regular – irregular
______________

mature – immature_____________

legal –illegal
_______________

Префиксы (Prefixes)/ значение:

mis-; un-;
im-; il-; ir-; dis-; in-; non— (negative prefixes)

mis  (wrong)	understand, inform, understanding, read, spell
Un  (not)	able, comfortable, finished, usual, equal, happy, friendly, popular, lock., loyal
im+m,p,b	possibility, balance, parity, mortal, practical, proper
il +l	legal, logical, literate (грамотный)
ir+r	regular, responsible, rational
Dis (opposite)	agreement , order, comfort, advantage, appear, dislike
in – different	difference, dependence, complete, dependent, correct, active, formal
non	living, scientific, attendance, fiction

Ex.5. Word building.  Complete the sentences with words
derived from the words in bold.

1.      The food will be ready in a minute. Don`t be
so   ….patient.

2.      You can`t rely on John. He is  very  responsible.

3.      We cannot  meet the deadline (уложиться в срок), it will be possible.

4.      His answer  was  logical, so we
asked someone else.

5.      In the UK, it is  legal to drive
a car if you are under 17.

6.      Most of the time, he wears formal
clothes to work, not a suit and a tie.

Ex.6.
Word building.  Form  the  words with negative prefixes and separate them by
columns.

Necessary, satisfied, accurate, polite, orderly,
lucky, resistible, sensitive, tolerant, rational, regular,  certain, convenient, possible, friendly,
pleased.

im —	un-	dis —	ir —	in —

im – polite,
 possible,

un –
necessary, satisfied, lucky, certain, , friendly

dis – satisfied,
orderly, pleased

ir – resistible,
rational, regular,

in  — accurate,
sensitive, tolerant, convenient

Ex.7. Word building.  Form the words with negative prefixes.

sensitive	loyal	desirable
responsible	pleased	respectful
connected	patient	successful
believable	kind	polite
mature	forgettable	experienced

Ex.8. Word building.  Form the words with negative prefixes    (non, mis, un, im, in, dis il, ir)

pack		expected
agree		spell
proper		possible
likely		dependent
sense		usual
legal		cooked
regular		probable
lucky		correct

Образуем прилагательные 
при помощи суффиксов  от глаголов.

—         
ed        interest   — interested

—         
ing       fascinate -fascinating

—         
able     accept — acceptable

—         
ible      sense — sensible

—         
less      (лишенный чего-либо)    help—
helpless

—         
ful        (полный
чего-либо)           use— useful

  Образуем прилагательные 
при помощи суффиксов  от существительных.

         — al        addition – additional

         — ant     importance
– important

         — ent     difference
– different

         — er       circle 
— circular

         — ary/ ery    
diet- -dietary

         — en         wood  
— wooden

         — ese        China
– Chinese

          —ish         Scotland 
— Scottish

         — ive         progress
– progressive

         — ous        fame
– famous

         — ic            hero
– heroic

Ex. 9. Word building. Form the adjectives with
the help of the  suffixes – less, — ful

care	pain
beauty	help
meaning	harm
thought	hope
word	end

Ex. 10.
 Word building.  Form adjectives from nouns and verbs using the suffixes
— able, -al, -ary, — ful,- ible, — ive, -less, ous, —
ar, — ic, -or, -y.

fame	point
comfort	artist
impress	thirst
tradition	effect
taste	peace
colour	imagine

Ex. 11.  Word building. Use
the words given in capitals to form new words.

He is not a good teacher. His lessons are very (9)…..	(1)   BORE
Arts experts argue about  how (2)………the painting is.	(2)   VALUE
I could hear the (3)………….voices of the kids playing in the park.	(3)   BEAUTY
Bill will take care of it; he is very (4)…….	(4)   RESPONSE
That was a really (6)…….experience.	(5)   FRIGHTEN
Did you know that Mr Jackson is a (7)……police officer?	(6)   RETIRE
It`s a large (8)……city in the north of the country.	(7)   INDUSTRY

Ex. 12.
Word building.  Form the adjectives with the help of the suffix – able:

Eat — ……., comfort — ……,  respect — ……..,   break
-…….., move — …… , count -………,

drink — ………, read — ………., forget — …………., believe — .,
change — ………,

  expect — …………, desire — ……….

Ex.13. Word
building.   Underline  
those adjectives that are derived from nouns.

Reliable, seasonable, separable,
serviceable, sociable, suitable, 
  translatable,   usable, valuable,   viewable, washable, preventable, breakable,
comparable.

 Ex.14. Word building
. Underline   those adjectives that
are derived from verbs

Noticeable, observable, passable, payable,  playable, preferable,
reachable, readable, reliable, repairable, respectable

Ex.15.
Word 
building.  Use the words given in capitals to form new words.

1. Planes are considered to be the most _____________ means of transport but for some people airport can be a nightmare	(1). COMFORT
2.Do you have anything __________ in your bag?	(2). BREAK
3. The weather in Britain is notoriously …….?	(3). CHANGE
4. We spent a most _________ evening by the river	(4). AGREE
5. I need someone __________ to take care of the children while I’m at work.	(5). DEPEND
6. A __________ couple posed elegantly at the next table	(6). FASHION

 Ex.16. Word building    suffixes/
derivatives

Complete the table with the words using the suffixes
below.

Noun suffixes:
-ment,  -ing, — ence,  -ey, — tion

Adjective suffixes:
-ing,-  ed,  -ive

Adverb suffix:
-ly

noun	verb	adjective	adverb
surfing		——	—-
coordination			—-
balance			—-
	develop		—-
discipline			—-
	——	accurate
		competitive
	——	patient

Ex.17. 
Word
building.  Look at the examples and write down more adjectives, using the roof
words from the box and one of the suffixes or prefixes in the list.

 (care, cheer, fashion, forget, friendly, geography,
happy, honest, invent, kind, music, profession, region, rely, tradition).

9.      (al)
national,_____________________________________

10.  (ical)
biological,___________________________________

11.  (able)
unforgettable,_______________________________

12.  (ful)
helpful,______________________________________

13.  (less)
useless,_____________________________________

14.  (ive)
effective,_____________________________________

15.  (un)
unsociable,____________________________________

16.  (dis)
disloyal,_______________________________________

Ex.18. Word 
building. Use the words given in capitals to form new  adjectives
(suffixes, prefixes)

Sue doesn`t like company. She is (0) unsociable	(0) SOCIABLE
Dan won the first prize in the science competition. He is very (1)…………	(1)   INVENT
My grandpa gets very (2)………….when he talks about the war.	(2)   EMOTION
Alice is very (3)………: she can play the piano and the guitar well.	(3)   MUSIC
My trip to America was an (4)…….experience.	(4)   FORGET
Tom is (5)………: he promises to do things  but seldom keeps his word.	(5)   RELY

Ex.19. Word
building.  Use the words given in capitals to form new words.

How to lose weight (0)  safety?	(0)   SAFE
It is not a good idea to give up a food group in the hope that  you will lose (1)………..	(1)   WEIGH
We all need a (2)………….of foods to stay  (3)……..	(2)   VARY (3)     HEALTH
Some diets can be (4)……..to your health.	(4)   DANGER
Try different (5)………..from walking to helping your parents in the garden- anything that helps you to be active.	(5)   ACTIVE
Muscles use up more calories that fat. Visit a (6)…. club and add (7)……..training to your exercises.	(6)   FIT (7)   STRONG
Don`t forget about (8)……….exercises.	(8)   FLEXIBLE
And sometimes buy yourself your (9)………. chocolate ice cream	(9)   FAVOUR

Ex. 20.  Word 
building.  Use the words given in capitals to form new words.

Politicians think teachers should give you a mark for (0) fitness in your school report.	(0)   FIT
But I think it is difficult to assess fitness, because there are (1)………….types   of fitness.	(1)   DIFFER
For example, you may be able to sprint very fast, but not be very strong, or have good (2)……………., but not be very flexible.	(2)   COORDINATE
You could be (3)……………….., but very strong, so be good at sports like (4)…………………throwing events(javelin, discus, hammer).	(3)   WEIGHT (4)   ATHLETE
Also, some sports aren`t done in schools, and people have specific fitness – take the extreme example of a sumo (5)…………………..	(5)   WRESTLE
They may not be able to shoot a ball, but they have unbelievable (6)………..	(6)   STRONG
Marks may teach children to be more (7)…………….. when it comes to sport.	(7)   COMPETE
But some children are not as fit or active as others because of (8)……….or     (9)…………….. And PE should be fun. (Charlotte, 15)	(8)   DISABLE (9)   ILL

Ex. 21.  . Choose the correct translation

1.      sensitive —          чувство —          чувствительный —          чувствующий	9.      pregnancy — беременная — беременные — беременность
2.      [i]responsible —          ответственность —          ответственный —          безответственный	10.  indoor — домашний — внешний — дверной
3.      pleased — довольно — довольный — доставлять удовольствие	11.  degradation — ухудшение — градация — деление
4.      patient -терпеть -терпеливый — пациент	12.  multilingual — иностранный — многообещающий — многоязычный
5.      desirable — желательный — желающий —  желал	13.  overboard — на корабле — за бортом — над доской
6.      successful — удачный — безуспешный — удача	14.  disagree — дискутировать — демобилизоваться — не соглашаться
7.      wise — мудрость — мудрый — мудрить	15.  prehistoric — доисторический — психический — прехитрый
8.      tolerant — терпимый — терпение — терпимость	16.  hypnotise — гипноз — гипнотизировать — гипнотический

Ex. 22.  Choose the correct translation

1.      Честность

—
honest  — honesty – dishonest

      
  2.    инспекция

—
inspect – inspection – inspector

        
3.    загрязнение

—
pollute – pollution — polluted

         
4.    скука

—
boring – bored — boredom

         
5.    ограбление

—
robbery – robber – rob

     
    6.    работодатель

—
employment – employer — employee

         
7.    недопонимание

—
misunderstand – reunderstanding — misunderstanding

         
8.    героический

—
heroic – heroine – heroism

         
9.  болезненный

—
painless – painful — pain

 
        10.  здоровый

—
healthy —  health — unhealthy

         
11.  напуганный

—
frightening – frightened – frighten

Keys to the
exercises:

Ex. 1, p.4.

politician        inspector              inhabitant

builder          dancer                   employer 

waiter           lawyer                  actor

farmer           correspondent      liar

manager        artist                    historian

 sailor            tourist                 Italian

baker              contestant           motorist

conductor      student              
assistant

Ex. 2, p.5.

(1)entrance, (2) organization, (3) direction, (4)
attendance, (5) affection, (6) combination,

(7) disturbance, (8)
connection, (9) occurrence, (10) action, (11) interference.

Ex. 3, p.5.

(1)   childish, (2) amazement, (3)
partnership, (4) illness, (5) ownership, (6) fatherhood,

(1)  
friendliness.

Ex. 4, p.
6.

disloyal   —  нелояльный

inactive    — неактивный

unhappy  —  несчастный

 impatient — нетерпеливый

 irregular  — нерегулярный

immature  — незрелый

illegal       — нелегальный

Ex. 5,p. 7.

(1) impatient, (2) irresponsible,
(3) impossible, (4) illogical, (5) illegal, (6) informal

Ex. 6,p. 7.

im – polite,
 possible,

un –
necessary, satisfied, lucky, certain, , friendly

dis – satisfied,
orderly, pleased

ir – resistible,
rational, regular,

in  — accurate,
sensitive, tolerant, convenient

Ex. 7,p.7.

insensitive              unloyal           
undesirable

irresponsible         unpleased          unrespectful

disconnected         impatient           unsuccessful

unbelievable         unkind                impolite

immature              unforgettable      inexperienced

Ex.
8,p.8.

unpack           unexpected

disagree           misspell

improper          impossible

unlikely           independent

nonsense           unusual

illegal               uncooked

irregular          improbable

unlucky           incorrect

Ex. 9,p.8.

careless           painful

beautiful         helpful/ helpless

meaningful     harmful

thoughtful      hopeless

wordless        endless

Ex. 10,p.9.

famous                            pointful/pointless

comfortable                    
 artistic

impressive                      thirsty

 traditional                       effective

tasteless /tasteful             peaceful

colourful/ colourless        imaginary

Ex.
11,p.9.

(1)boring, (2)
valuable, (3) beautiful, (4) responsible, (5) frightened, (6) retired,

(7) industrial.

Ex. 12,p.
9.

(eatable, comfortable, respectable,   breakable,
movable, countable, drinkable, readable, forgettable, believable, changeable,
expectable, desirable)

Ex. 13, p.9.

(season(able),  service(able),  suit(able),  value(able),
view(able)).

Ex. 14, p.9.

(Notice(able),  observe(able), pass(able), pay(able),
play(able), prefer(able), reach(able), read(able), rely(able), repair(able),
respect(able).

Ex. 15, p.10.

(1)comfortable,(2)  breakable, (3)
changeable, (4) agreeable, (5) dependable, ( 6) fashionable.

Ex. 16, p.10.

— surfing ,          surf,         ——,    
 — ———

— coordination,  coordinate,    coordinated, —

— balance,          balance,         balanced,      —-

— development,
develop,         developing, ——

— discipline,      discipline, disciplined,     ——-

— accuracy,  
——,     accurate,      accurately

— competition,    compete,
competitive, competitively

— patience,     ——, 
   patient,     patiently

Ex. 17, p.10.

(al)     musical (музыкальный),
professional (профессиональный),
regional (региональный), traditional (традиционный)

(ical)  geographical
(географический)

(able) fashionable(модный),
reliable (надежный)

(ful) careful, cheerful, careful (осторожный), cheerful (веселый),
forgetful (забывчивый),   (less) careless (небрежный, неосторожный)

(ive) inventive (изобретательный)

(un) unfriendly (недружелюбный)
unkind (недобрый), unhappy (несчастный)

(dis)    dishonest
(нечестный)

Ex. 18, p.11.

(1)   inventive

(2)   emotional

(3)   musical

(4)   unforgettable

(5)   unreliable

Ex. 19, p.11.

1) Weight (вес);

2) variety (разнообразие);

3) healthy (здоровый);

4)
dangerous (опасный);

5)
activity (виды активности);

6) fitness
(фитнес);

7) strength training 
(сила, силовая тренировка);

flexibility
(растяжка, упражнения на гибкость);

9) favourite (любимый)

Ex. 20, p.11.

1 – different (разные),

2 — coordination (координация),

3 – weighty (тяжелый),

4 – athletic (атлетика),

5 – wrestling (борьба),

6 –strength (сила),

7 – competitive (соревновательный),

8 – disability (инвалидность),

9 – illness (болезнь).

Ex. 21, p.12.

1.        чувствительный	9.      беременность
2.        ответственный	10.  домашний
3.      Довольный	11.  ухудшение
-терпеливый 4.      — пациент	12.  многоязычный
5.      желательный	13.  за бортом
6.      удачный	14.  не соглашаться
7.      мудрый	15.  доисторический
8.      терпимый	16.  гипнотизировать

Ex. 22, p.12.

Честность(honesty) ,   инспекция ( inspection), загрязнение ( pollution), скука ( boredom),   ограбление (robbery), работодатель (employer), недопонимание ( misunderstanding),
героический (heroic), болезненный ( painful), здоровый (healthy), напуганный

 (frightened)

• 1

  WORD BUILDING

  1. Complete the table.

  Noun Verb Adjective

  decission Decide decisive

  departure depart Departed/ departing

  information inform informative

  leak leak leaking

  difference differ different

  NOUN SUFFIXES

  2. Add a noun suffix to each of the words below. Then and
  complete the sentences with the nouns you

  formed.

  curious assist agree entertain friend responsible celebrate
  piano

  1. I cant do all this work without some assistance

  2. Our friendship began five years ago.

  3. Its your responsibility to clean the kitchen.

  4. We couldnt reach an agreement on the price.

  5. Children learn easily because of their natural curiosity
  .

  6. The wedding celebration lasted all night.

  7. Helen is a talented pianist .

  8. What do you like doing for entertainment ? Choose the correct
  answer to each question. 1. Where do you see billboards?

  next to roads / in houses / on TV 2. What kind of transport is
  used for a cruise?

  a plane / a train / a ship 3. What will sink in water?

  a stone / a feather / a leaf

  4. Who usually conducts research?

  a chef / a scientist / a construction worker 5. What causes the
  most damage to the environment?

  plants / animals / people 6. Which weather conditions are the
  most treacherous?

  hurricanes / humidity / chilly winds

  Read the sentences in I. Then match the underlined words to
  their definitions in II.

  1. Our main purpose in this course is to improve our English.
  aim, goal

  2. Please keep in mind that you must arrive on time.
  remember

  3. Most smokers are aware of the fact that smoking is dangerous.
  conscious of

  4. It’s good to achieve a balance between work and fun.
  equilibrium

  5. His parents have been quite concerned about him lately.
  worried

  Add a noun suffix to each of the following words.

  decide dark differ relation inform possible appoint
  environmental

• 2

  Complete the sentences with the correct form of the nouns you
  formed in the previous exercise.

  1. There’s a big difference between first and second class
  tickets.

  2. Is there any possibility of booking a room for tonight?

  3. Have you made an appointment with the doctor?

  4. They’ve made a decision about the dates of their trip.

  5. Environmentalists are concerned about the balance of nature
  in Antarctica.

  6. I’d like some information about the train to London.

  7. My sister and I have a rather stormy relationship

  8. When we arrived, the hotel was in complete darkness

  Complete the following sentences by adding a noun suffix to the
  words in brackets.

  Amazing hotels If you are looking for excitement (excite) on
  your next holiday, try staying at an unusual hotel. One possibility
  (possible) is the Mammut Hotel in Kemi, Finland, built entirely of
  snow and ice. If you prefer warmth, try the Ariau Towers in the
  Brazilian rainforest. The hotel’s construction (construct) follows
  the local way of building — all rooms are high in the treetops. The
  Malmaison Hotel in Oxford, England, was once a prison. Most rooms
  are in converted cells — the thickness (thick) of their steel doors
  makes quite an impression (impress)! Wherever you travel, if you
  seek the different and the unique, you’ll find it.

  Complete the sentences by adding a suitable noun suffix to the
  words in brackets. Make any necessary changes. 1. Your frienship is
  important to me. (friend)

  2. There’s a possibility it may rain. (possible)

  3. He made a good impression (impress)

  4. There is sadness in the man’s eyes. (sad)

  5. Have you reached an agreement yet? (agree)

  6. Don’t worry about your appearance (appear)

  7. He is an excellent guitarrist (guitar) Complete the passage
  by adding a suitable noun or adjective suffix to the words in
  brackets. Enjoying Time in Airports

  In recent years, airports have become very stressful (stress)
  places where passengers face long queues, delays and lost luggage.
  In addition, there now seems to be little difference (differ)
  between the terminal of a typical (type) airport and a crowded,
  noisy shopping centre. But airports in some cities — inc1uding
  Paris, Amsterdam and San Francisco — offer travellers a quieter
  alternative: art museums. Some feature work by contemporary local
  artists (art), while others make arrangements (arrange) with major
  museums that allow them to borrow important works of art for
  special exhibitions (exhibit). Information (inform) about airport
  museums is available online — so why not look it up before your
  next flight?

  Pay attention to the underlined words and choose a logical
  ending for each sentence.

  1. On an overnight trip, you stay for …. a. several nights b.
  one night

  2. If you buy a return ticket, …. a. you don’t plan to come
  back b. you plan to come back

  3. If your train is delayed, it will leave …. a. late b. on
  time

  4. Your departure time is the time you …. a. leave b.
  arrive

  5. If you go abroad, you …. a. go to another country b. tour
  in your own country

  6. If you need accommodation, you want ….

• 3

  a. a way to travel b. a place to stay

  7. A passenger is a person …. a. travelling on a bus, plane,
  train or ship b. sleeping at a hotel or a youth hostel

• 4

  The dialogue below takes place at an airport. Complete it with
  the words below. queue youth hostel flight airline luggage

  A: «Can I help you, miss?» B: I hope so! My hasn’t luggage
  arrived. I’ve also been waiting in this queue for half an hour! A:
  I’m sorry, Miss. What was your flight number? B: It was flight 938,
  from Brussels. A: They must have left your bag there. Where will
  you be staying? B: At the youth hostel in town. A: Alright. We’ll
  deliver it as soon as it arrives.

  B: And what am I supposed to do in the meantime? I think your
  airline owes me an pology! Match the verbs in I to a word or phrase
  in II to form expressions 1. stay b. at a hotel / at a youth
  hostel

  2. go a. on holiday

  3. hire d. a car

  4. go e. sightseeing

  5. book c. a ticket / a room Use the expressions in the previous
  exercise to complete the sentences below. 1. I don’t want to take
  buses. Let’s hire a car

  2. Young people who haven’t got the money for hotels often stay
  at a youth hostel

  3. Where are you planning to go on holiday this summer?

  4. I’d love to go sightseeing today. What is there to see around
  here?

  5. Hello, I’d like to book a room for the night of 20th July.
  Complete the passage with the words and phrases below.

  luggage accommodation airlines departure time flight passengers
  delayed overnight

  Sleeping in an airport isn’t the most conformable form of
  accommodation , but it’s becoming more common. If your departure
  time is 4 am, it’s hardly worth the money to book a hotel for the
  night. And what if you get to the airport only to find that your
  flight has been delayed ? In the past, airlines provided free
  hotels for passengers when this happened, but nowadays this is
  rare. However, sleeping at an airport doesn’t have to be torture.
  The Mini Motel, created by business traveller Frank Giotto after an
  overnight stay at a German airport, weighs only two kilos and is
  small enough to fit into your luggage It’s a one-person tent
  complete with air mattress, pillow, reading light and alarm
  clock.

  Choose the sentence that best follows the original. Many budget
  airlines charge an extra fee for luggage.

  a. For this reason, some people take their own food on
  flights.

  b. That’s why some people travel with small bags only. 2. The
  two passengers were badly injured in the accident.

  a. Both of them had been driving too fast.

  b. They were both in the back seat of the car.

  3. I wasn’t aware of the problem.

  a. I’m glad you told me.

  b. I didn’t think it was so serious.

  4. I was delayed by traffic yesterday.

  a. I hadn’t expected the roads to be so empty.

  b. I missed the beginning of the ceremony.

  5. Keep in mind that Pierre isn’t fluent in English.

• 5

  a. He may have misunderstood what you said. b. It is not
  something you need to think about. 6. The departure time is
  15:00.

  a. However, we must be at the station early to buy tickets.

  b. l.et’s be on time to meet Lena when she gets off the
  train.

  Complete the dialogue with the words and phrases below.

  go sightseeing flights airline book a room return ticket
  hotel

  accommodation youth hostel go abroad holiday Susan: How about
  going to Greece for our summer holiday? There are flights to Athens
  now for only f79! Michelle: That’s such a low price. It must be
  only for one way. Susan: No, it’s definitely a return ticket
  Michelle: Which airline is offering that? Susan: It’s called Wings.
  Let’s go online and book seats! Michelle: Great! I’ve always wanted
  to go on holiday to Greece! Where do you think we should stay?
  Susan: I’m sure we can get cheap accommodation _ maybe we can stay
  at a youth hostel rather than at a

  fancy hotel Michelle: Great idea. Let’s try to book a room
  online. Susan: Do you think we will need a car? Michelle: No. We
  won’t need one. We’ll be able to go sightseeing on foot or by bus.
  Susan: You’re right. OK. Let’s do it. Let’s make arrangements to go
  abroad this summer!

form	use	examples
verb + er	forms a noun that describes sb’s occupation, or what sb does	employ – employer, shop — shopper
verb + or	act – actor, invest — investor
verb + er	forms a noun that describes what sth does	cook – cooker, dry hair – hair dryer
verb/noun + ee	forms a noun that describes what sb does, or who sb is	employ – employee, refuge — refugee
verb/noun + ing	forms a noun that describes an example or act	draw – drawing, build — building
noun + eer	forms a noun that says what activity sb does	engineer, mountaineer
noun/verb/adjective + ist	forms a noun that expresses sb’s belief or occupation	anarchist, typist, Buddhist
adjective + ity	forms an abstract noun	equal – equality, flexible — flexibility
adjective + ness	good – goodness, great — greatness
noun + hood	brother – brotherhood, mother — motherhood
noun + ship	champion – championship, friend — friendship
verb + ance / ence	admit – admittance, emerge — emergence
verb + ment	achieve – achievement, enjoy — enjoyment
verb + ion, (a) tion, (i)tion, or sion	form – formation, complicate – complication, occupy – occupation, oppose – opposition, omit — omission
verb/adjective + th	growth, warmth
noun/verb/adjective + ure	close – closure, expense – expenditure, pleasant — pleasure
verb/adjective + y	discover – discovery, jealous – jealousy
verb/adjective + cy	fluent – fluency, tend — tendency
noun/verb/adjective + dom	freedom, stardom, boredom
verb + al	refuse – refusal, arrive — arrival

1. Fill in the spaces in the following text using a suitable form of the word given at the end of the lines. The first is given as an example. Globalisation

It is no exaggeration to say that the world has become a global village.	exaggerate
Modern methods of __________ (1) have made the world much smaller	communicate
and the problems we face such as __________ (2) are not restricted to this	pollute
country. The __________ (3) of the rainforests in Brazil is everyone’s	destroy
problem and the __________ (4) which is common in many African countries	starve
is a challenge for Europe too. The __________ (5) of rare species is	extinct
a tragedy for the planet as a whole and the __________ (6) of oil	exhaust
supplies will shake the __________ (7) of the world’s economy.	found
The __________ (8) of the environment is the responsibility of all	protect
nations, rich and poor. However, uncontrolled economic __________ (9)	compete
between strong and weak nations leads to the __________ (10) of	create
greater inequality between the rich and poor nations of the world.

/Adapted from “Grammar and
Vocabulary for First Certificate”, Luke Prodromou/

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