Which word has the some meaning - Word и Excel - помощь в работе с программами

Learning English can be fun. It can be daunting. It can be empowering. It can also be confusing, on occasion. But one thing it definitely isn’t is boring. Even the most fluent English speakers are often surprised when they discover something new about the language: a grammar rule brought to their attention for the first time, a word that they’d never come across before or, even more surprisingly, a familiar word used in an unexpected way! Yes, it is quite common for one English word to have two (or more) completely different meanings.

The way to tell these same-spelling, different-meaning words apart is to pay attention to the context in which they are being used. This will make much more sense when we see these words in action, so let’s look at some examples.

Here is a word that has more than one meaning:

Mine

as a noun: a place underground from where minerals are extracted
Peter has been working at a coal mine since April.
as a possessive pronoun: to show possession
This is your bag, not mine.

Isn’t that interesting? The same word—mine—is used in both example sentences, but it means two entirely different things in each.

Here is a list of ten other English words with more than one meaning:

1. Interest

as a noun: wanting to learn or know more about something
She developed an interest in programming after taking a course in college and now she is a
professional programmer.
as a noun: additional money charged on a borrowed sum
I am paying a high rate of interest on my home loan.
as a verb: to arouse curiosity or attention
We built interest in our product by outlining its many benefits on our social media channels.

2. Date

as a noun: the day of the month or year
We still haven’t set a date for the ceremony.
as a verb: to show the age of something
This food at this restaurant is delicious but the old-fashioned décor really dates it.

3. Engage

as a verb: to be involved in some work or an activity
The students hope to engage in a lively discussion with the visiting professor.
as an adjective: to have formally agreed to marry someone
The engaged couple shared the good news with their friends and family.

4. Leave

as a verb: to go away from somewhere
Ali leaves for Delhi soon.
as a verb: to remain
The ink will leave a stain on my shirt.
as a verb: to deposit or deliver
The delivery person leaves Sharmila’s parcels with her neighbor.
as a noun: to be absent from work or duty
Gunjan is at home on leave today. She will not be attending the meeting.

5. Novel

as a noun: a prose, fictionalized narrative in the form of a book that often tells a complex
story with characters and action
My mother’s novel about three generations of women from a small town has won the National Book Award this year.
as an adjective: something that is unique and interesting
I discovered a novel way to spend less money and save more

6. Park

as a noun: a public garden or area for recreation
I am taking my children to play in the park today.
as a verb: to bring a car or vehicle to a stop for a period of time
We are leaving for the concert now so that we get a good spot to park the car.

7. Play

as a verb: to engage in an activity or sport
We are going to play football today.
My band is playing at the City Club on Saturday. Why don’t you come check us out?
as a verb: to act in a dramatic production
I am playing the role of a politician in my next film.
as a noun: a theatrical production
Hamlet is my favorite play of all time.

8. Right

as an adjective: morally fair, good or proper
The right thing to do now would be to apologize for your mistake.
as a noun: morally right or just.
He doesn’t seem to understand the difference between right and wrong.
as a noun: something one has legal or moral claim to
As a citizen of this country I have voting rights.
as a noun: the direction or location of something
If you look to your right, you will see the Museum of Natural History.

9. Run

as a verb: to move faster than while walking
Don’t run down the street, that’s dangerous!
as a verb: to go somewhere in urgency or distress (not literally “running”, necessarily)
Even as an adult, I run to my mother with all my problems.
as a verb: to contend in a race of some kind
I intend to run for President four years from now.
as a noun: a continuous spell of a something
Souvik has a had a run of bad luck this year.

10. Type

as a noun: a category of things or people that share something in common
They sell all types of fabric in that store.
as a verb: to write something on a keypad by pressing keys
Wow! You type very fast!

Now that’s a lot of different meanings for only a few words, isn’t it? And if you’ll believe it – many of these words can be used in even more ways than the ones listed here. But don’t be overwhelmed, a good online or print dictionary will help you find all the meanings of any English word you might encounter. And the more you read and speak in English, the stronger your vocabulary will become.

Here’s another great idea – to really power up your vocabulary try a Burlington English course! We have expert teachers on hand to guide you with our spoken English training courses that will take your language learning journey to the next level.

Источник

José is in his third and final week with me on a home stay full immersion course and has come to the conclusion that the English Language is extremely confusing and frustrating! Especially when it comes to all those words that have multiple meanings. I have to confess that he has got a point.

Take the word “run” for example. It has 179 meanings according to Dictionary.com whilst the word “take” has 127 definitions! The following infographic that was compiled by Kaplan International together with Dictionary.com highlights the 10 English words with the most meanings in the English Language. You can view this infographic here on the Kaplan website.

Kaplan has taken each word and categorised them according to the different parts of speech, for example, verb, noun, adverb, adjective and so on as well as verb phrases and idioms. As this list is very long, I’ve decided to break this list in two parts.

Part 1 will deal with the first 5 words. I’ve shown some examples of the different verb and noun meanings and verb phrases for each word.

1. RUN

Verb

My dog loves to run about in the park (move quickly with legs)
She runs a very successful business (manages)
The bus company runs a regular weekend service (offer a service)
Don’t leave your car engine running/ try running the computer programme and see if it works (machine: working)

Noun

I always go for a 10k run in the mornings.
The play has had a successful run in the West End. (a period of time)
I do the school run every morning and my husband does it in the afternoon (a journey that a train, ship, car and so on does regularly)

Verb Phrases

Her withdrawal meant that her opponent was given a clear run for the nomination (you can progress without anyone stopping you)
He gave Tom a good run for his money (competing so well with someone that they cannot defeat you)
He is on the run from the law (trying to escape or hide from the police)

2. TAKE

Verb

Don’t forget to take an extra pair of shoes (move something or someone from one place to another)
Take a deep breath ◆ James took a sip of his drink ◆ I took a quick look at the audience (to perform an action or series of actions)
I took a course in origami at college ◆ I’ve taken my driving test three times (to study or take an exam in a particular subject)

Verb Phrases

I like chocolate but I can take it or leave it (to not care whether you have, see or do something – informal)
It takes all sorts (used for saying that you find someone’s behaviour surprising or strange but will accept it – spoken)
Take it from me, this restaurant is excellent. (used to emphasize that what you’re saying is true and people should believe it – spoken)

3. BREAK

Verb

Be careful that you don’t break those glasses (separate into pieces by dropping)
If you break the speed limit, the penalties are high ◆ break the law. (don’t obey rules or the law)
When the news first broke, he was no where to be found ◆ breaking news ( if news breaks, it becomes publicly known)
Why don’t we break now and meet again after lunch? (stop what you’re doing for a period of time)

Noun

Doctors and nurses often work very long hours without a break ◆ Let’s take/have a break.
This could be the lucky break he’s always wanted (an opportunity that helps you achieve success)
She decided to make the break from marketing after eighteen years (a time of major change in one’s life).

Verb Phrases

He’s been breaking his back getting the house ready in time for the baby’s arrival (working very hard)
I think we’ve broken the back of this project now. (British English – to finish the hardest part of a task)
In their first year, the company broke even. (when a company doesn’t make a profit or a loss)
I want to break free (as sung by Freddy Mercury – to escape from someone or something that is holding you or controls you)

4. TURN

Verb

She turned around and smiled at me (change position)
When you get to the junction, turn right (change direction)
She could not concentrate on her book. All she seemed to be doing was turning the pages without reading them.
After years as an amateur dancer, she turned professional ( change and do something different)
It has turned cold again ( change and become something else)

Noun

Oh no, is it my turn again to wash the dishes?! ◆ Is it my turn to roll the dice? (in a group and it’s your time to do something)
The debate over drugs in sport took an unexpected turn yesterday ◆ The situation took a turn for the better/worse (a change in a situation)
He took the wrong turn and that took him miles away from his destination (change of direction)

Verb Phrases

He was stopped at every turn by the rigid rules (wherever or whenever someone tries to do something)
He did her a good turn by offering her the job (an action that helps someone – also applies in the opposite “a bad turn”)
I hope I’m not speaking out of turn, but I preferred the original version (to say something that you shouldn’t say in case you offend someone or you have no right to say it)
The mansion was built at the turn of the century ( the time at the end of one century and the beginning of the next)

5. SET

Verb

“Tea is served,” he told them and set the tray on the table. (put something in a position)
I’ve set the alarm for 6am ◆ You can set the iPhone so that it does an automatic backup (to make equipment ready)
Have you set a date for the wedding? (to decide when something will happen)
The Bank of England sets the interest rate ◆ They set the price of the house too high. (to decide the price or value of something)
I have set the team three challenges/goals/objectives/tasks (to give someone something to achieve)

Noun

a set of keys ◆ a set of guidelines ◆ a complete set ◆ a chess set ( a group of things)
the literary set ◆ the jet set◆ a set of friends (a group of people that share the same interests)
a film set ◆ a stage set (theatre, film – place where a film or play is made)

Verb Phrases

The drivers’ demands were not met, setting the stage for a prolonged transport strike (create the conditions for something to happen)
They are a company that has set the standard for excellence in service (perform an activity to a level that other people need to achieve)
Dinner will be ready soon. Could you please set the table? (put cutlery and plates on the table)
After lunch I set to work on the mountain of paperwork on my desk (start working in a determined and enthusiastic way)

The above examples are just a few that I have selected here. Please do share with me any other meanings you know and use.

I will deal with the other five words in my next post (Part 2) so look out for it!

If you liked this post, please share it and don’t forget to subscribe to my blog if you don’t want to miss out on my posts.

Ciao for now

Shanthi

Источник

I am not a native speaker and it sometimes surprise me how many different meanings some words have. An example is the word call — when I was learning English I thought it was only «shout» or «to ring someone» but the list of meanings is almost endless: http://www.thefreedictionary.com/call .

What are some other such words so that I can be careful when interpreting their meaning? As if I could execute the query «give me a top ten list of words with most definition lines on TheFreeDictionary».

asked Sep 19, 2011 at 22:43

For a long time, «set» had the most meanings in the OED, but now it is «run». From the New York Times of 25th May 2011:

Which is the most lustrously complex word among the three quarters of
a million or so words and senses that make up this vast mongrel tongue
we know as the English language?

Well, according to the O.E.D.’s chief editor, John Simpson, we now
have a winner — and a winner that may well say something about the
current state of English-speaking humankind. For while in the first
edition of the O.E.D., in 1928, that richest-of-all-words was “set”
(75 columns of type, some 200 senses), the victor in today’s rather
more frantic and uncongenial world is, without a doubt, the
three-letter word “run.”

… Mr. Gilliver has finally calculated that there are for the verb-form alone of “run” no fewer than 645 meanings. A record.

In terms of sheer size, the entry for “run” is half as big again as that for “put,” a word on which Mr. Gilliver also worked some years ago. But more significantly still, “run” is also far bigger than the old chestnut “set,” a word that, says Mr. Gilliver, simply “hasn’t undergone as much development in the 20th and 21st centuries as has ‘run.’ ”

answered Sep 20, 2011 at 12:33

HugoHugo

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This is what I get using WRI curated data. Click to see a larger image.

For the record, the script used is:

r = SortBy[{Length[#[[2]]], #[[1]]}&/@({#, WordData[#]} & /@ DictionaryLookup[]), -First@# &]
BarChart[Transpose[r1][[1]], 
 ChartLabels -> 
  Placed[Text[Style[#, Italic, 24]] & /@ Transpose[r1][[2]], Center, Rotate[#, Pi/2] &]]

Edit

Just answering comments and other answers, here are the 76 meanings of break according to WRI.

1   Noun     Flight
2   Noun     Open Frame
3   Noun     Dash
4   Noun     Change Of Integrity
5   Noun     Holdup
6   Noun     Break Of Serve
7   Noun     Shot
8   Noun     Pause
9   Noun     Modification
10  Noun     Breach
11  Noun     Fortuity
12  Noun     Breakup
13  Noun     Occurrent
14  Noun     Crevice
15  Noun     Hurt
16  Noun     Interval
17  Verb     Weaken
18  Verb     Diminish
19  Verb     Injure
20  Verb     Fall
21  Verb     Domesticate
22  Verb     Change
23  Verb     Turn
24  Verb     Damage
25  Verb     Change Integrity
26  Verb     Divide
27  Verb     Check
28  Verb     Develop
29  Verb     Break Off
30  Verb     Interrupt
31  Verb     Deaden
32  Verb     Break Down
33  Verb     Change Voice
34  Verb     Go
35  Verb     Lick
36  Verb     Destroy
37  Verb     Diphthongize
38  Verb     Disrupt
39  Verb     Pause
40  Verb     Tell
41  Verb     Get Out
42  Verb     Outstrip
43  Verb     Penetrate
44  Verb     Become Punctured
45  Verb     Detach
46  Verb     Crumble
47  Verb     Bust
48  Verb     Disunite
49  Verb     Shoot
50  Verb     Modify
51  Verb     Exchange
52  Verb     Express Feelings
53  Verb     Trip The Light Fantastic Toe
54  Verb     Give Way
55  Verb     Founder
56  Verb     Appear
57  Verb     Scatter
58  Verb     Take Flight
59  Verb     Get Away
60  Verb     Change Direction
61  Verb     Impoverish
62  Verb     Designate
63  Verb     Split
64  Verb     Invalidate
65  Verb     Break Away
66  Verb     Ruin
67  Verb     Disrespect
68  Verb     Trespass
69  Verb     Come About
70  Verb     Emerge
71  Verb     Violate
72  Verb     Quit
73  Verb     Give Up Habit
74  Verb     Vary
75  Verb     Finish
76  Interjection

answered Sep 20, 2011 at 1:45

Dr. belisariusDr. belisarius

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This trivia has already been studied. The top five words in the list are:

set (464 definitions)
run (396 definitions)
go (368 definitions)
take (343 definitions)
stand (334 definitions)

answered Apr 24, 2012 at 5:45

BravoBravo

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I believe the answer is set. It has more than 200 definitions in the OED, organised thus:

To cause to sit, seat; to be seated, sit.
To sink, descend.
To put in a definite place (the manner of the action being implied either in the verb itself or in the context).
To place or cause to be in a position, condition, relation, or connection. (This group embraces a large number of uses in which the precise implication of sense depends mainly on the kind of construction employed.)
To appoint, prescribe, ordain, establish.
To arrange, fix, adjust.
To place mentally, suppose, estimate.
To put or come into a settled position or condition.
To put in the way of following a course, cause to take a certain direction.
Senses perhaps arising from reversal of construction or from ellipsis (their origin being often obscure).
With prepositions in specialized senses.
With adverbs in specialized senses.

This is just for the verb usage, set is also used as an adjective, noun, conjunction and comb. form.

answered Apr 24, 2012 at 4:52

J D OConalJ D OConal

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The most polysemous word in the OED is set.

answered Sep 20, 2011 at 4:57

ShoeShoe

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Just to concur with Shoe, I remember reading long long ago — in the Guinness Book of Records of all places — that set has the most (22) distinct different meanings in English.

Another common problem among non-native users of English are phrasal verbs which can appear very similar but have quite different meanings, eg set up, set out, set off, set about, set on, set down, etc. Often native speakers will use these verbs in an attempt to simplify their language when talking to non-native speakers (eg, by using «set up» instead of «establish»), often having the opposite effect.

answered Sep 20, 2011 at 12:13

MattMatt

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In practical usage rather than dictionary definitions, thingamy probably has the most different meanings — it can mean any noun, depending on context, and I think there are more nouns than other parts of speech. There are other four-letter words which also take multiple meanings depending on context.

Another word which can take multiple meanings is ‘buffalo’ which can act as a noun ( the animal ), and adjectival phrase ( pertaining to the city ) and a verb ( to harass ) so ‘Buffalo buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo’ is possibly the longest sentence made of the same word repeated, parsed in a similar way to ‘London cats annoy London cats’

answered Dec 5, 2014 at 22:38

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Обновлено на

12 февр. 2023

Японский

Английский (британский вариант)

Вопрос про Английский (британский вариант)

When you «disagree» with an answer

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Only the user who asked this question will see who disagreed with this answer.

Английский (британский вариант)

2. Approximately

Японский

@yn_8 thank you!
I thought the same way.

Just out of curiosity, if the right answer was not 2, then which would you choose?

Английский (британский вариант)

@TOM63057844 I think 3. As many as.

It is hard to give a perfect word for “some” in this sentence but it is just used when the exact number of people/things isn’t known.

So you could say, “some 800 people stood outside the building”, if you didn’t know the exact number of people there were, but you made a general guess.

It feels very hard to explain easily haha sorry if I didn’t make sense!

Японский

@yn_8 thanks a lot!
Your answer is very helpful!

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CAMBRIDGE
ENGLISH VOCABULARY IN USE ADVANCED

UNIT 91

One word, many meanings

Polysemy

A
great many words in English have more than one meaning. Linguists call this
aspect of vocabulary polysemy.

Look
at these sentences and think about how you would translate the words in
italics into your own language.

fair	It’s only fair that we should share the housework. The Frankfurt Book Fair is a very important event for most publishers. The forecast is for the weather to stay fair for the next week. *I’ve got fair* skin and burn easily in the sun. His marks in his final exams ranged from excellent to fair.**
flat	The firefighters managed to save the children from the burning third-floor flat. The countryside round here is terribly flat and boring. To join the Fitness Club, you pay a flat fee of £500. The sonata is in B flat minor. She finished the exercise in five minutes flat.
capital	Fill in the form in capital letters. Wellington is the capital of New Zealand. You need plenty of capital to open a restaurant. Capital punishment has been abolished in many countries.
mean	What does ‘coagulate’ mean? I didn’t mean to hurt you. He’s far too mean to buy her flowers. The mean temperature for July is 25oC. You shouldn’t be so mean to your little sister.

You
probably need a different word to translate fair, flat, capital
and mean in each sentence. Sometimes the meanings are clearly
related – flat as in countryside has a connection with flat as
in apartment in that they both include an idea of being on one level. Sometimes,
however, there is no connection at all. For example, the meaning of fair as
in Book Fair has no obvious connection with any of the other meanings
of fair. Words like this can be called homographs (words with
the same spellings but different meanings).

Being aware of polysemy

It
is useful to be aware of polysemy in English for several reasons.

•
You need to remember that the meaning you first learnt for a word may not be
the one that it has in a new context.

•
You need to be aware that in English, words can sometimes be used as
different parts of speech. Flat with its apartment
meaning, for instance, can become an adjective, e.g. a set of flat keys.

•
Learning about the range of meanings that a word can have can help you to
learn several meanings for the price of one.

•
It will also help you to understand jokes in English, as these are often
based on polysemous words.

Language
help

The
context of a word with multiple meanings will usually make it absolutely
clear which of the word’s possible meanings is intended. So you can
understand what, for example, the noun drill
probably means in (a) a dental context, (b) an army context, (c) a
road-building context, or (d) a languagelearning context.

EXERCISES

91.1

Find
the example sentence in A opposite in which fair, flat, capital or mean has
the following meaning.

1
intend

2
exactly

3
proper, just

4
city with the seat of government

5
light in colour

6
unkind

7
fixed

8
neither very good nor very bad

9
money

10
unwilling to spend money

91.2

What
part of speech is the italicised word in each of the example sentences in A?

Write
a synonym or explanation for each of the examples not used in 91.1.

91.3

Here
are some more examples of polysemous words in English. Which word can fill
all the gaps in each group of sentences?

1
He struck a ____________ and we slowly began to look around the dark cave.

The
teenage cooks in the competition were a ____________ for any of the adults.

Their
marriage has been called a ____________ made in heaven.

2
That bird has an unusually long ____________.

Don’t
forget to keep the receipt when you pay your hotel ____________.

Parliament
is currently discussing a ____________ proposing changes to copyright
legislation.

3
Hannah gave us a lovely ____________ of glasses as a wedding present.

Let’s
now try and ____________ a date for our meeting next week.

My
father has very ____________ opinions about how people should behave.

4
I’ve applied for a ____________ in our company’s Paris office.

The
end of the race is indicated by a ____________ with a flag on it.

Why
not ____________ your query on an online forum? You’re bound to get a quick
response.

5
I didn’t get my assignment back because the teacher hadn’t had time to ____________
it.

Sales
have already passed the million ____________.

You’ve
got a red ____________ on your cheek. It looks like lipstick.

6
You need to be a special kind of person to ____________ a successful
business.

Do
you fancy going for a ____________ this evening?

Thanks
to the hot weather, our shop has had a ____________ on ice cream.

91.4

Look
at the Language help box. What does drill
mean in each of the four contexts suggested?

91.5

What
would the given word be most likely to mean in each of the contexts
suggested? Use a dictionary if necessary.

1	register:	a	a primary school	b	a post office
2	interest:	a	people planning a festival	b	a bank
3	dice:	a	a kitchen	b	people playing a board game
4	service:	a	people playing tennis	b	in a restaurant
5	case:	a	in a lawyer’s office	b	at an airport
6	cue:	a	people playing snooker	b	in the theatre

91.6

Explain
these one-line jokes. They are all based on polysemy.

1
I wondered why the tennis ball was getting bigger. Then it hit me!

2
Smaller babies may be delivered by a stork but the heavier ones need a
crane.

3
Time flies like an arrow. Fruit flies like a banana.

4
You know prices are rising when you buy a winter jacket and even down is
up.

ANSWER KEY

91.1

1
intend: I didn’t mean to hurt you.
2 exactly: She finished the exercise in five minutes flat.
3 proper, just: It’s only fair that we should share the housework.
4 city with the seat of government: Wellington is the capital of New
Zealand.
5 light in colour: I’ve got fair hair and burn easily in the sun.
6 unkind: You shouldn’t be so mean to your little sister.
7 fixed: To join the Fitness Club you pay a flat fee of £500.
8 neither very good nor very bad: His marks in his final exams ranged from
excellent to fair.
9 money: You need plenty of capital to open a restaurant.
10 unwilling to spend money: He’s far too mean to buy her flowers.

91.2

It’s
only fair: adjective (right)
The Frankfurt Book Fair: noun (large show)
the weather to stay fair: adjective (pleasant)
I’ve got fair skin: adjective (light)
ranged from excellent to fair: adjective (satisfactory)
the burning third-floor flat: noun (apartment)
terribly flat and boring: adjective (level)
a flat fee of £500: adjective (fixed)
B flat minor: noun (♭ =
a note that is a semitone lower than B itself)

in
five minutes flat: adverb (only; emphasises how quick a time is)
in capital letters: adjective (upper case)
the capital of New Zealand: noun (city where the country’s government
sits)
capital to open a restaurant: noun (money)
Capital punishment: adjective (punishable by death)
‘coagulate’ mean: verb (convey a meaning, express an idea)
mean to hurt you: verb (intend)
too mean to buy her flowers: adjective (opposite of generous)
be so mean: adjective (unkind)

91.3

1
match 4 post

2
bill 5 mark

3
set 6 run

91.4

a
an instrument a dentist uses to make holes in your teeth

b
training for marching

c
a powerful tool used for making holes in a road

d
an exercise practising grammar in a fairly mechanical way

91.5

1
a the list on which students are marked present or absent every day
b to send a letter or parcel in a special way so it has protection against
being lost
2 a how much performers might appeal to the public
b money earned on an investment or paid for a loan
3 a to cut up into small cubes (usually vegetables)
b a cube with a number from one to six on each side
4 a throwing the ball into the air and hitting it at the start of a turn
b the attention given to customers by staff
5 a specific problem being dealt with by lawyers
b a piece of luggage
6 a the long stick that players use in snooker or billiards
b the words or actions that tell an actor that it is his or her turn to speak

91.6

1
Then it hit me! This means ‘then I suddenly understood and then the ball
suddenly struck my body.’
2 This is based on the traditional saying that babies are delivered to a home
by a big bird called a
stork. A crane is another kind of large bird rather like a stork. But a crane
can also be a piece of
heavy machinery used to lift heavy objects.
3 In the first sentence, flies is a verb and like is a
preposition – the sentence is comparing the flight
of time with that of an arrow. In the second sentence, flies is a noun
and like is a verb and the
sentence says that fruit flies [very small insects] enjoy bananas.
4 As well as being a preposition, down is the word for very soft
feathers used to stuff, for example,
pillows or winter jackets. If prices are up, they have risen and if
they are down they have fallen.

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