What word means respect

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Respect, also called esteem, is a positive feeling or action shown towards someone or something considered important or held in high esteem or regard. It conveys a sense of admiration for good or valuable qualities. It is also the process of honoring someone by exhibiting care, concern, or consideration for their needs or feelings.^[1][2]

Some people may earn the respect of individuals by assisting others or by playing important social roles. In many cultures, individuals are considered to be worthy of respect until they prove otherwise. Courtesies that show respect may include simple words and phrases like «Thank you» in the West or «Namaste» in the Indian subcontinent, or simple physical signs like a slight bow, a smile, direct eye contact, or a simple handshake; however, those acts may have very different interpretations, depending on the cultural context.

Signs and other ways of showing respect[edit]

Language[edit]

Respect is a feeling of deep admiration for someone or something elicited by their abilities, qualities and achievements.

An honorific is a word or expression (often a pronoun) that shows respect when used in addressing or referring to a person.

Typically honorifics are used for second and third persons; use for first person is less common. Some languages have anti-honorific first person forms (like «your most humble servant» or «this unworthy person») whose effect is to enhance the relative honor accorded a second or third person.

For instance, it is disrespectful not to use polite language and honorifics when speaking in Japanese with someone having a higher social status. The Japanese honorific «san» can be used when English is spoken.^[3]

In China, it is considered rude to call someone by their first name unless the person is known for a long period of time. In work-related situations, people address each other by their title. At home, people often refer to each other by nicknames or terms of kinship.^[4] In Chinese culture, individuals often address their friends as juniors and seniors even if they are just a few months younger or older. When the Chinese ask for someone’s age, they often do so to know how to address the person.^[4]

Physical gestures[edit]

In Islamic cultures around the world, there are many ways to show respect to people. For example, it is recommended to kiss the hands of parents, grandparents and teachers. Also, it is narrated in the sayings of Muhammad that if a person looks at the faces of parents and teachers with a smile, he or she will definitely be rewarded by Allah with success and happiness.^{[citation needed]}

In India, it is customary that, out of respect, when a person’s foot accidentally touches a book or any written material (considered to be a manifestations of Saraswati, the goddess of knowledge) or another person’s leg, it will be followed by an apology in the form of a single hand gesture (Pranāma) with the right hand, where the offending person first touches the object with the finger tips and then the forehead and/or chest. This also counts for money, which is considered to be a manifestation of the goddess of wealth Lakshmi.^[5] Pranāma, or the touching of feet in Indian culture is a sign of respect. For instance, when a child is greeting his or her grandparent, they typically will touch their hands to their grandparents’ feet. In Indian culture, it is believed that the feet are a source of power and love.^[6]

In many African/West Indian descent communities and some non-African/West Indian descent communities, respect can be signified by the touching of fists.^{[citation needed]}

Many gestures or physical acts that are common in the West can be considered disrespectful in Japan. For instance, one should not point directly at someone.^[7] When greeting someone or thanking them, it may be insulting if the person of lower status does not bow lower than the person with higher status. The duration and level of the bow depends on many factors such as age and status.^[8] Some signs of physical respect apply to women only. If a woman does not wear cosmetics or a brassiere, it is possible that she will be considered unprofessional or others may think she does not care about the situation.

Respect as a virtue[edit]

Respect for others is a variety of virtue or character strength. The philosopher Immanuel Kant made the virtue of respect the core of his Categorical Imperative:

So act that you treat humanity… always at the same time as an end, never merely as a means.^[9]

China[edit]

Chinese culture[edit]

Unlike Japanese culture, it is not necessary in Chinese culture to bow to one another as a greeting or parting gesture. Bowing is generally reserved as a sign of respect for elders and ancestors. When bowing, they place the fist of the right hand in the palm of their left at stomach level. The deeper the bow, the more respect they are showing.

In Chinese culture, there is not much participation in physical contact, especially when doing business because this can be seen as too casual, thus disrespectful. It is considered rude to slap, pat, or put one’s arm around the shoulders of another.^[10] However, affection in same-sex friendships in East Asia is much more pronounced than in the West. Same-sex friends will often be seen with their arms around one another, holding hands, and other signs of physical affection.^[11]

It is uncommon to see very many hand gestures being used in Chinese culture because this is often considered to be excessive.^[4] The Chinese sometimes do not smile or exchange greetings with strangers. Smiling or being friendly to someone you do not know can be considered rude and too familiar. It is also common to see Chinese women covering their mouths when they laugh. Traditionally, a woman who laughed too loudly was considered to be uncouth and ill-bred.^[4]

Traditionally, there was not much hand-shaking in Chinese culture. However, this gesture is now widely practiced among men, especially when greeting Westerners or other foreigners. Many Westerners may find Chinese handshakes to be too long or too weak, but this is because a weaker handshake is a gesture of humility and respect.^[4]

Kowtowing, or kneeling and bowing so deeply that one’s forehead is touching the floor, is practiced during worship at temples. Kowtowing is a powerful gesture reserved mainly for honoring the dead or offering deep respect at a temple.^[4]

Many codes of behavior revolve around young people showing respect to older people. Filial piety is a major example of a virtue of having respect for their ancestors, family and elders. Like in many cultures, younger Chinese individuals are expected to defer to older people, let them speak first, sit down after them and not contradict them. Sometimes when an older person enters a room, everyone stands. People are often introduced from oldest to youngest. Often, younger people will go out of their way to open doors for their elders and not cross their legs in front of them. The older you are the more respect you are expected to be treated with.^[4]

Respect as a cultural value[edit]

Indigenous American culture[edit]

In many indigenous American societies, respect serves as an important concept valued in indigenous American culture. In addition to esteem or deference, respect is viewed as a moral value that teaches indigenous individuals about their culture. This moral value is treated as a process that influences participation in the community and also helps individuals develop and become integrated into their culture’s community. The value of respect is taught during childhood because the process of indigenous children participating in and learning about their community is an important aspect of the culture.^[12]

Respect as a form of behavior and participation is especially important in childhood as it serves as a basis of how children must conduct themselves in their community. Children engage in mature activities such as cooking for the family, cleaning and sweeping the house, caring for infant peers, and crop work. Indigenous children learn to view their participation in these activities as a representation of respect. Through this manner of participation in activities of respect, children not only learn about culture but also practice it as well.^{[13][need quotation to verify]}

See also[edit]

• Dignity
• Etiquette
• Category: Social graces
• Etiquette in Asia

References[edit]

Further reading[edit]

• Bloch, D. (1993). Positive self-talk for children, Teaching self-esteem through affirmations, A guide for parents, teachers, and counselors. New York: Bantam Books
• Braman, O. R. (1997.) The oppositional child. Indiana: Kidsrights.
• Brown, Asa D. (2012). Respect. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
• Bueno, L. (2012). Teaching children about respect. Retrieved February 14, 2012.
• Eriwn, E., Soodak, L. (2012). Respecting differences: Everyday ways to teach children about respect Archived 2019-04-20 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved February
• Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). «Respect». Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

External links[edit]

• Essay on Respect
• Respect Research Group: Multidisciplinary research project on interpersonal respect, with additional quotes, gallery, literature
• Respect Scoreboard
• On Respect and Religion^{[dead link]}
• What Does ‘Respect’ Mean?

уважать, соблюдать, почитать, чтить, уважение, отношение, почтение, внимание

глагол ↓

существительное ↓

Словосочетания

out of respect for his privacy — из уважения к его частной жизни  
a deeply enrooted tradition of respect for the elderly — глубоко укоренившаяся традиция уважения к старикам  
complement with respect to ten — дополнение (числа) до десяти  
derivative with respect to — производная по  
mark of respect — знак уважения  
moment with respect to — момент относительно  
deep / profound / sincere respect — глубокое, глубочайшее, искреннее уважение  
respect for human rights — соблюдение прав человека  
to hold smb. in respect — уважать кого-л.  
to be held in respect — пользоваться уважением  
to have respect for smb. — уважать, почитать, чтить кого-л.  
to command / inspire respect — внушать, вызывать уважение  

Примеры с переводом

Примеры, ожидающие перевода

Возможные однокоренные слова

disrespect  — неуважение, непочтительность, относиться непочтительно
respectable  — респектабельный, почтенный, приличный, представительный, порядочный, достойный
respecter  — почтительный человек, уважающий других человек
respectful  — почтительный, уважающий, вежливый
respecting  — относительно
respective  — соответственный
respects  — почтение
respected  — уважаемый, почитаемый

Формы слова

verb
I/you/we/they: respect
he/she/it: respects
ing ф. (present participle): respecting
2-я ф. (past tense): respected
3-я ф. (past participle): respected

noun
ед. ч.(singular): respect
мн. ч.(plural): respects

Often, when communicating online with friends, in furious discussions and disputes on forums, you can meet with how the most successful positions and arguments are evaluated with the word «respect». This term has gained great popularity today, so it is worth speculating a little about what it means and why it is used as an Internet meme.

The word «respect»: dictionary meaning

Once this concept was used in pre-revolutionary Russia, and it was somewhat ironic in nature. Often in the works of Russian classics, you can see it in the form of «reshpectus». If someone wanted to express respect to some person, in this case they said that he had respect for him.

However, such an expression often meant alienation between people, that is, a rejection of trusting, close or too familiar relations. Today, a lot has changed, and in communication between modern young people or bloggers in real life, this term has changed its «color».

What does the word «respect» mean?

Like many other internet computer slang words, this term has a foreign origin. As many bloggers assure, it came to Russia from the United States. In any case, there is no doubt about its English-speaking origin. The word «respect» is a transliteration in Russian letters of the Latin spelling respect («honor», «respect»).

Most often this word is used when leaving comments («comments») on some posts and want to emphasize that the presentation or the position of the author is extremely popular and close to the public. This term is especially widespread in social networks, for example, on Facebook, VKontakte, etc.

«Respect and respect»: tautology or synonyms?

Although the word «respect» is a common way of expressing respect in the Internet community, not everyone understands its meaning. That is why commentators often use a duplicated form in their assessments — for example, «respect and respect». This newfangled expression can be seen quite often. The last slang word means warped Russian «respect».

Despite the fact that the phrase is tautological in meaning, it is quite widespread. In fact, the two words mean almost the same thing, but many bloggers are sure that in this way they can emphasize the meaning of the first concept and enable the interlocutor to understand what is at stake.

When is the word «respect» used most often?

As a rule, the word «respect» means a manifestation of special respect for any words, actions or worldview of a given group of people or an individual, but not for themselves. In other words, a blogger uses this term when he wants to say that he is delighted with some thought, supports a certain opinion, or believes that a particular action of a person deserves a positive assessment.

In some cases, the use of such a word means that your interlocutor sympathizes with you and is ready to support your views. This term has already migrated from the Internet into real / live communication and into telephone conversations. In addition, he began to acquire some grammatical features, for example, used in the form «respect». It also means respect for the speaker or writer.

What is respect

In some forums, respect is a kind of statistical unit of measurement of a certain user’s assessment. For example, if this “respect indicator” is red, it means that other participants like the author’s statements very much, and his status becomes high.

If the blogger’s «respect» is blue, this author is not very popular, and his posts do not inspire confidence in the majority of forum users.

English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle English respect, from Old French respect, also respit (“respect, regard, consideration”), from Latin respectus (“a looking at, regard, respect”), perfect passive participle of respiciō (“look at, look back upon, respect”), from re- (“back”) + speciō (“to see”). Doublet of respite.

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /ɹɪˈspɛkt/
• Rhymes: -ɛkt
• Hyphenation: re‧spect

Noun[edit]

respect (countable and uncountable, plural respects)

1. (uncountable) an attitude of consideration or high regard

   Synonyms: deference, esteem, consideration, regard, fealty, reverence, aught

   He is an intellectual giant, and I have great respect for him.

   We do respect people for their dignity and worth.

   • 2022 October 15, “Tajik President’s Demand For ‘Respect’ From Putin Viewed Millions Of Times On YouTube”, in Radio Free Europe‎^[1], archived from the original on 17 October 2022‎^[2]:

     A video of Tajik President Emomali Rahmon complaining to Russian President Vladimir Putin about his lack of respect for the countries of Central Asia that were once part of the Soviet Union has struck a nerve on social media, where it has been viewed millions of times. […]
     “We have always respected the interests of our main strategic partner,” Rahmon said, referring to Russia. “We want respect, too.»

2. (uncountable) good opinion, honor, or admiration

   Synonyms: admiration, esteem, reverence, regard, recognition, veneration, honor

3. (uncountable, always plural) Polite greetings, often offered as condolences after a death.

   The mourners paid their last respects to the deceased poet.

4. (countable) a particular aspect, feature or detail of something

   This year’s model is superior to last year’s in several respects.

   Synonyms: aspect, dimension, face, facet, side

5. Good will; favor

Usage notes[edit]

• Adjectives often applied to «respect»: great, high, utmost, absolute

Antonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

[edit]

• respective

Translations[edit]

Verb[edit]

respect (third-person singular simple present respects, present participle respecting, simple past and past participle respected)

1. To have respect for.

   She is an intellectual giant, and I respect her greatly.

2. To have regard for something, to observe a custom, practice, rule or right.

   I respect your right to hold that belief, although I think it is nonsense.

   I respect your right to feel offended, even though most people, myself included, totally disagree and don’t find the comment offensive in the slightest.

3. To abide by an agreement.

   They failed to respect the treaty they had signed, and invaded.

4. To take notice of; to regard as worthy of special consideration; to heed.
   • 1631, Francis [Bacon], “New Atlantis. A Worke Vnfinished.”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd edition, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], page 33, →OCLC:

     We haue also large and various Orchards, and Gardens; Wherein we doe not ſo much reſpect Beauty, as Variety of Ground and Soile, proper for diuerſe Trees and Herbs: […]

5. (transitive, dated except in «respecting») To relate to; to be concerned with.
   • 1674, John Owen, Pneumatologia:

     Whatever they are else, they are always chastisements; and correction respects faults.

   • 1806, James Lee, An Introduction to Botany:

     Glandulation respects the secretory vessels, which are either glandules, follicles, or utricles.

   • 1859 December 13, Charles Dickens, “The Mortals in the House”, in Charles Dickens, editor, The Haunted House. The Extra Christmas Number of All the Year Round […], volume II, London: […] C. Whiting, […], →OCLC, page 4, column 2:

     I hope I may never again be in a state of mind so unchristian as the mental frame in which I lived for some weeks, respecting the memory of Master B.

6. (obsolete) To regard; to consider; to deem.

   • c. 1597, Ben. Jonson, A Pleasant Comedy, Called: The Case is Alterd. […], London: […] [Nicholas Okes] for Bartholomew Sutton, and William Barrenger, […], published 1609, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:

     [T]his my friend (knowen by no name) was found, / Being then a child and ſcarce of power to ſpeake, / To whom my father gaue this name of Gaſper, / And as his own reſpected him to death, […]

7. (obsolete) To look toward; to face.

   • 1650, Thomas Browne, “Of East and West”, in Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A[braham] Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], →OCLC, 6th book, page 263:

     That Palladius adviſeth the front of his edifice ſhould ſo reſpect the South, that in the firſt angle it receive the riſing raies of the winter Sunne, and decline a little from the winter ſetting thereof.

Synonyms[edit]

• (to have respect for): esteem, honor, revere, venerate
• (to regard as worthy of special consideration): esteem, value
• (to abide by an agreement): honor

Antonyms[edit]

• (to have respect for): contemn, despect (verb) (archaic), despise, dis, diss, disrespect (verb)
• (to regard as worthy of special consideration): belittle, ignore, neglect, slight

Derived terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

Interjection[edit]

respect

1. (Jamaica) hello, hi

References[edit]

• respect at OneLook Dictionary Search
• respect in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• respect in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
• “respect”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

Anagrams[edit]

• Sceptre, recepts, scepter, sceptre, specter, spectre

Dutch[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Middle French respect, from Old French respect, from Latin respectus.

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /rɛsˈpɛkt/, /rəˈspɛkt/
• Hyphenation: res‧pect
• Rhymes: -ɛkt

Noun[edit]

respect n (uncountable)

1. respect

   Synonym: eerbied

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

• Afrikaans: respek
• Negerhollands: respekt, respect
• → Indonesian: respek
• → Papiamentu: reespek (dated)
• → Saramaccan: lesipéki
• → Sranan Tongo: lespeki
  • → Caribbean Javanese: lespéki

French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin respectus. Doublet of répit.

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /ʁɛs.pɛ/

Noun[edit]

respect m (plural respects)

1. respect

Derived terms[edit]

• avec tout le respect que je vous dois
• respecter
• respectueux
• sauf votre respect
• tenir en respect

Further reading[edit]

• “respect”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams[edit]

• spectre

Jamaican Creole[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

• respeck

Etymology[edit]

From English respect.

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /ˈɹɪsˌspɛk/
• Hyphenation: res‧pect

Interjection[edit]

respect

1. greetings, hello, hi
   • (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)

   A: Wah gwaan? B: Respect!

   A: Hello! B: Hi!

2. bye, goodbye
   • (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)

   A: Tek it easy. B: Respect!

   A: Take it easy. B: Bye!

See also[edit]

• guidance
• manners
• protection

Noun[edit]

respect

1. respect

   • 2020, Romardo Lyons, “Mixed reactions to state of emergency”, in The Jamaica Star‎^[3] (in English):

     “Our problem is that the police dem nah deal with people wid nuh respect. […] ”

     Our problem is that the police aren’t approaching the people with respect. […]

   Synonym: ratings

   Run whey di two a dem, dem nuh have nuh respect fi yuh.

   Get rid of both of them. They have no respect for you.

Derived terms[edit]

• respect due

Verb[edit]

respect

1. respect

   • 2020, “DANCING DEATHTRAPS — Dancers risking serious injuries doing stunts”, in The Jamaica Star‎^[4] (in English):

     “Dem a tek too much risk wid dem life and nuff a dem nuh respect dem body […] ”

     They’re taking too many risks with their life and a lot of them don’t respect their body. […]

   Synonym: rate

   Yuh done know seh mi respect yuh whole heap.

   You already know that I respect you a lot.

Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from French respect, Latin respectus.

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /resˈpekt/

Noun[edit]

respect n (uncountable)

1. respect, consideration, deference, esteem, regard

   Synonym: stimă

Declension[edit]

[edit]

Further reading[edit]

• respect in DEX online — Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)