What word is psyche

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In psychology, the psyche is the totality of the human mind, conscious and unconscious.^[1] Many thinkers, including Carl Jung, also include in this definition the overlap and tension between the personal and the collective elements in man.^[2]

Psychology is the scientific or objective study of the psyche. The word has a long history of use in psychology and philosophy, dating back to ancient times, and represents one of the fundamental concepts for understanding human nature from a scientific point of view. The English word soul is sometimes used synonymously, especially in older texts.^[3]

Etymology[edit]

The basic meaning of the Greek word ψυχή (psyche) was «life», although unsupported,^[4] some have claimed it is derived from the verb ψύχω (psycho, «to blow»).^[5] Derived meanings included «spirit», «soul», «ghost», and ultimately «self» in the sense of «conscious personality» or «psyche».^[6]

Ancient psychology[edit]

The idea of the psyche is central to the philosophy of Plato. Scholars translate the Platonic conceptualization of the term as «soul» in the sense that he believed that it is immortal.^[7] In his Phaedo, Plato has Socrates give four arguments for the immortality of the soul and life after death following the separation of the soul from the body.^[8] Plato’s Socrates also states that after death the Psyche is better able to achieve wisdom and experience the Platonic forms since it is unhindered by the body.^[9]

The Greek philosopher Aristotle wrote an influential treatise on the psyche, called in Greek Περὶ Ψυχῆς (Peri Psyches), in Latin De Anima and in English On the Soul. In this work, he used the concept of the soul to explain certain functions.^[10] Since — for him — the soul is motion, it needs an explanatory principle for bodily motion.^[10] Aristotle’s theory of the «three souls (psyches)» (vegetal, animal, and rational) would rule the field of psychology until the 19th century. Prior to Aristotle, a number of Greek writings used the term psyche in a less precise sense.^[11] In late antiquity, Galenic medicine developed the idea of three «spirits» (pneuma) corresponding to Aristotle’s three souls. The pneuma psychikon corresponded to the rational soul. The other two pneuma were the pneuma physicon and the pneuma zoticon.

Medieval psychology[edit]

The term psyche was Latinized to anima, which became one of the basic terms used in medieval psychology. Anima would have traditionally been rendered in English as «soul» but in modern usage the term «psyche» is preferable.^[12]

Phenomenology[edit]

19th century psychologists such as Franz Brentano developed the concept of the psyche in a more subjective direction.

Psychoanalysis[edit]

In psychoanalysis and other forms of depth psychology, the psyche refers to the forces in an individual that influence thought, behavior and personality.^[13]

Freudian school[edit]

Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis, believed that the psyche—he used the word Seele (‘soul’, but also ‘psyche’) throughout his writings—was composed of three components:^[14]

• The id, which represents the instinctual drives of an individual and remains largely unconscious. It does not respect the rules of society.
• The super-ego, which represents a person’s conscience and their internalization of societal norms and morality.
• The ego, which is conscious and serves to integrate the drives of the id with the prohibitions of the super-ego. Freud believed this conflict to be at the heart of neurosis.

Freud’s original terms for the three components of the psyche, in German, were das Es (lit. the ‘It’), das Ich (lit. the ‘I’), and das Über-Ich (lit. the ‘Over-I’ or ‘Upper-I’). According to Bruno Bettelheim, the Latin terms were proposed by Freud’s English translators, probably to make them seem more ‘medical’ since, at the time, Latin was prevalent in medical terminology. Bettelheim deplores what he sees as pseudoscientific, Latin terms.^[15]

Jungian school [edit]

Carl Jung wrote much of his work in German. Jung was careful to define what he meant by psyche and by soul (Seele).

I have been compelled, in my investigations into the structure of the unconscious, to make a conceptual distinction between soul and psyche. By psyche, I understand the totality of all psychic processes, conscious as well as unconscious. By soul, on the other hand, I understand a clearly demarcated functional complex that can best be described as a «personality». (Jung, 1971: Def. 48 par. 797)

[In previous translations, and in this one as well, psyche—for which Jung in the German original uses either Psyche or Seele—has been used with reference to the totality of all psychic processes (cf. Jung, Psychological Types, Def. 48); i.e., it is a comprehensive term. Soul, on the other hand, as used in the technical terminology of analytical psychology, is more restricted in meaning and refers to a «function complex» or partial personality and never to the whole psyche. It is often applied specifically to «anima» and «animus»; e.g., in this connection it is used in the composite word «soul-image» (Seelenbild). This conception of the soul is more primitive than the Christian one with which the reader is likely to be more familiar. In its Christian context it refers to «the transcendental energy in man» and «the spiritual part of man considered in its moral aspect or in relation to God.»— Editors.] (Jung, 1968: note 2 par. 9)

Cognitive psychology[edit]

The word «mind» is preferred by cognitive scientists to «psyche». The mind is a set of cognitive faculties including consciousness, perception, thinking, judgement, language and memory. It is usually defined as the faculty of an entity’s thoughts and consciousness.^[16] It holds the power of imagination, recognition, and appreciation, and is responsible for processing feelings and emotions, resulting in attitudes and actions.

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

References[edit]

• Jung, C.G. (1968). Psychology and Alchemy, Collected Works, Volume 12, Princeton, N.J. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-01831-6 OCLC 219856.
• Jung, C.G. (1971). Psychological Types, Collected Works, Volume 6, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-01813-8.
• Reed, Edward S., From Soul to Mind: The Emergence of Psychology, from Erasmus Darwin to William James, Yale University Press, 1998. ISBN 0-300-07581-2
• Rohde, Erwin, Psyche: The Cult of Souls and the Belief in Immortality Among the Greeks, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1925; reprinted by Routledge, 2000. ISBN 0-415-22563-9

Further reading[edit]

• Valsiner, Jaan; Rosa, Alberto, The Cambridge Handbook of Sociocultural Psychology, Cambridge University Press, 2007. ISBN 0-521-85410-5. Cf. Chapter 1, p. 23, «The Myth and Beyond: Ontology of Psyche and Epistemology of Psychology».
• Wilson, Robert Andrew; Keil, Frank C., The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences, MIT Press, 2001. ISBN 0-262-73144-4
• Snow, P.J., The Human Psyche In Love War and Enlightenment December 2009 ISBN 978-1-921555-42-8

The Greek word “psyche” (or “psychein”) means breathe or blow. In the context of Christian discourse, the meaning of the term “psyche” has been transformed from a vital force into the “soul” as immaterial, immortal, spiritual substance as part of a person (Graumann, 1996).

What does the word psyche mean?

: the soul, mind, or personality

What does the word psyche in psychology means?

In psychology, the psyche /ˈsaɪki/ is the totality of the human mind, conscious and unconscious. Psychology is the scientific or objective study of the psyche.

Where does the word psyche originate?

The prefix psych forms the root of many words, such as: psychology, psychiatry, psychedelic, psychosomatic, and physical. Psyche comes from Greek origin and is frequently translated as “soul”, and “consciousness”. Psyche also shares a linguistic link with the Greek pneuma, which translates as “breath”.

Are psyche and soul the same?

As nouns the difference between soul and psyche is that soul is (religion|folklore) the spirit or essence of a person usually thought to consist of one’s thoughts and personality often believed to live on after the person’s death while psyche is the human soul, mind, or spirit.

What is the psyche of a person?

The psyche refers to all of the elements of the human mind, both conscious and unconscious. In colloquial usage, the term sometimes refers to a person’s emotional life. For example, a person might say that trauma has damaged a person’s psyche.

What are the three parts of the human psyche?

Perhaps Freud’s single most enduring and important idea was that the human psyche (personality) has more than one aspect. Freud’s personality theory (1923) saw the psyche structured into three parts (i.e., tripartite), the id, ego and superego, all developing at different stages in our lives.

How does the human psyche work?

The human psyche is the totality of the human mind that helps us navigate through life. Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory of personality states that the three levels of our personalities are the conscious mind, the subconscious mind, and the unconscious mind.

What is the power of psyche?

In Jungian psychology, the concept is called the self. The true power source of the psyche is indeed the self, which is comprised of a unique set of emotionally important ideas lodged in the unconscious mind.

What God is psyche?

Psyche (/ˈsaɪkiː/; Greek: Ψυχή, romanized: Psukhḗ) is the Greek goddess of the soul. She was born a mortal woman, with beauty that rivaled Aphrodite. Psyche is known from the story called The Golden Ass, written by Lucius Apuleius in the 2nd century.

How is psyche used today?

Psyche can be used as a verb, “to psyche out,” as a past participle, “to be psyched out,” or as a noun, “Psyche class was really boring today.” The slang word “Psyche” is most frequently used to be negative. People often use the word in this way, such as, “She psyched me out!”

What is the moral lesson of Cupid and Psyche?

Answer and Explanation: Cupid teaches Psyche the lesson that without trust there can be no love. Psyche accepts a prophecy that she will never marry a mortal, but a monster….

Why did psyche lose Cupid?

Psyche is a princess so beautiful that the goddess Venus becomes jealous. In revenge, she instructs her son Cupid to make her fall in love with a hideous monster; but instead he falls in love with her himself. Psyche disobeys his orders not to attempt to look at him, and in doing so she loses him.

Who did Eros marry?

PSYKHE

Who is the love goddess?

Aphrodite

Did Eros have a child?

The princes gained immortality and with Eros had a daughter, Hedone (meaning bliss). Psyche was worshipped as the Goddess representing the human soul and was portrayed in ancient mosaics as a Goddess with butterfly wings.

What is Eros love in the Bible?

Eros, pronounced AIR-ose, love is the physical, sensual intimacy between a husband and wife. It expresses sexual, romantic attraction. Although eros does not appear in the New Testament, this Greek term for erotic love is portrayed in the Old Testament book, The Song of Solomon.

What are the 4 types of love?

The four loves

• Storge – empathy bond.
• Philia – friend bond.
• Eros – romantic love.
• Agape – unconditional “God” love.

What is the spiritual meaning of love?

Spiritual love can refer to a love rooted in a spiritual connection that helps us find meaning and purpose in our lives. These spiritual loves can serve different purposes: some are meant to walk with us through life, while others are meant to teach us lessons.

What is the highest form of love?

Philia

What is God’s love called?

Within Christianity, agape is considered to be the love originating from God or Christ for humankind.

What is a stronger word for love?

SYNONYMS FOR love 1 tenderness, fondness, predilection, warmth, passion, adoration. 2 liking, inclination, regard, friendliness. 15 like. 16 adore, adulate, worship.

Is it true you have 3 loves in your life?

It’s been said that we really only fall in love with three people in our lifetime. Yet, it’s also believed that we need each of these loves for a different reason. Often our first is when we are young, in high school even. Because in this type of love, how others view us is more important than how we actually feel.

What are the 3 levels of love?

3 Types of Love: Eros, Agape, and Philos.

How do you recognize your soul mate?

18 Signs You’ve Found Your Soulmate

1. You just know it.
2. You have crossed paths before.
3. Your souls meet at the right time.
4. Your quiet space is a peaceful place.
5. You can hear the other person’s silent thoughts.
6. You feel each other’s pain.
7. You know each other’s flaws and the benefits in them.
8. You share the same life goals.

How many times do we fall in love?

How many times can you fall in love? Well, the average person falls in love four times during their lifetime.

Do we fall in love only once?

A few even feel that falling in love more than once is quite normal. “Love can happen many times. If you fall in love and the person turns out to be the wrong one for you, you can’t force yourself to continue loving him, just because you believe that love only happens once.

How many times does a cancer fall in love?

Over five times! As one of the most sensitive zodiac signs, Cancer really does fall in love very quickly and frequently for that matter! Cancer dreams of creating the perfect family and living the ideal life, although their dreams and aspirations often lead them to giving their hearts away too easily.

Why do I fall in love so fast?

Possibly the biggest reason someone gets swept away in love so easily is because they are so keen to find it. They just want to be in love. They want to feel that warm feeling. You have to recognize when your desire to be loved and in a relationship is the primary driving force for your feelings toward someone.

Table of contents:

1. What does psyche mean?
2. What is the difference between psyche and soul?
3. Does psyche mean soul?
4. How does the human psyche work?
5. What are the three parts of soul?
6. What Cupid means?
7. Why do we say love is blind?
8. Does love make you blind?
9. Why is being in love so painful?
10. How is love blind in Romeo and Juliet?
11. Who says no in love is blind?
12. Who said life is too short?
13. What is Shakespeare’s most famous line?
14. Who is the most quoted person?
15. What is the most famous quote in history?
16. What is the best motto in life?

What does psyche mean?

In psychology, the psyche /ˈsaɪki/ is the totality of the human mind, conscious and unconscious. … The word has a long history of use in psychology and philosophy, dating back to ancient times, and represents one of the fundamental concepts for understanding human nature from a scientific point of view.

What is the difference between psyche and soul?

Psyche (Greek ψυχή breath, blow) was used in classic Greek as a synonym for the word soul. … Whilst psyche only exists in the body and is connected to the body, soul refers to the part that is unfading.

Does psyche mean soul?

Psyche comes from the Greek psykhe, which means “the soul, mind, spirit, or invisible animating entity which occupies the physical body.” That about sums the way we understand the word today.

How does the human psyche work?

The human psyche is the totality of the human mind that helps us navigate through life. Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory of personality states that the three levels of our personalities are the conscious mind, the subconscious mind, and the unconscious mind.

What are the three parts of soul?

Plato argues that the soul comprises of three parts namely rational, appetitive, and the spirited. These parts also match up the three ranks of a just community.

What Cupid means?

In classical mythology, Cupid (Latin Cupīdō [kʊˈpiːdoː], meaning «passionate desire») is the god of desire, erotic love, attraction and affection. He is often portrayed as the son of the love goddess Venus and the god of war Mars. He is also known in Latin as Amor («Love»). His Greek counterpart is Eros.

Why do we say love is blind?

In a study, psychologists also proved that the phrase ‘love is blind’ is actually true. … Their love actually makes them blind that they refuse to look at the negatives of the person they are in love with. Psychologists also say that sometimes people are not actually in love but only with the idea of being loved.

Does love make you blind?

Loving doesn’t make you blind. It’s just that sometimes we end up letting ourselves get blinded by it. In other words, we put the bandages on ourselves. We’re the ones who ignore what the relationship is really like for them, and for us.

Why is being in love so painful?

Love is painful because of the strong connection between social and physical pain. … In 2003, for example, psychologists discovered that the parts of the brain that process physical pain are also involved in social pain, thus offering an explanation as to why it «hurts» when we break up with someone we love.

How is love blind in Romeo and Juliet?

In the tragedy Romeo and Juliet, Benvolio says to Mercutio, “Blind is his love, and best befits the dark” (line 33). … Mercutio is saying that Romeo’s love is blind for Juliet and because he is going to speak to Juliet in the dark of night, his love really is blind.

Who says no in love is blind?

star Damian

Who said life is too short?

William Shakespeare

What is Shakespeare’s most famous line?

What are Shakespeare’s Most Famous Quotes? » To be, or not to be: that is the question: … “This above all: to thine own self be true, And it must follow, as the night the day, … “Cowards die many times before their deaths; The valiant never taste of death but once.” -Julius Caesar, Act II, Scene II. … “Men at some time are masters of their fates:8 авг. 2018 г.

Who is the most quoted person?

Richard Branson has quoted him. So has Oprah Winfrey, Pink, Derek Jeter, and, yes, the Pope. He has been called the most quoted man alive. And he happens to be my next door neighbor in Port Washington, New York.

What is the most famous quote in history?

Famous Quotes About HistoryKarl Marx. «History repeats itself, first as tragedy, second as farce.»Winston Churchill. «History is written by the victors.»Thomas Jefferson. «I like the dreams of the future better than the history of the past.»Henry David Thoreau. … Mohandas Gandhi. … Martin Luther King, Jr.

What is the best motto in life?

Mottos like these (and these) can keep your desired habit change on track:“Health first.”“Exercise—stay stronger longer.”“Where there’s a will, there’s a way.”“He who has a why can endure any how.”“Make the right thing to do the easy thing to do.”“Smoke-free—a healthy me.”21 авг. 2015 г.

In the context of the soul or the child we are discussing in this book, we might see these standards not only in psychological or moral terms but also in spiritual terms, as the word psyche originally implied. ❋ Michael Gurian (2002)

It is necessary to leave the term psyche untranslated initially, since it cannot be accurately rendered by a single English word such as ❋ ANTHONY A. LONG (1968)

There is the suggestion inherent in the word psyche that great respect, care and consideration should be rendered in this technique. ❋ Ph.D. Jane G. Goldberg (2011)

The term psyche can be used just as efficiently and things can be considered psychological rather than spiritual. ❋ Unknown (2009)

Maybe deep in my psyche is an event or an emotion that correlates to my first turquoise introduction. ❋ Unknown (2010)

In this German context, he argues that the psyche is a forum not just for constructing new languages of mind, but also new justifications of individuality: the psyche is considered to be the inner seat of selfhood. ❋ Unknown (2008)

From this perspective, the turn to an ontology of the psyche is the philosophical move that retains the space for metaphysical enchantment in an age of disenchantment. ❋ Unknown (2008)

You, of course, may already know this, but I wasn’t paying attention in class that day, so I can’t believe I got this far along in life without knowing that the Greek word psyche meant butterfly. ❋ Unknown (2009)

I’m interested in what makes people tick and what better doorway into the psyche is there than the archetypes most resonant in one’s culture. ❋ Hal Duncan (2006)

Psi is also the first letter of the Greek word psyche, meaning soul or mind. ❋ DEAN RADIN (2006)

Even if his arm survives, his psyche is another question entirely. ❋ Unknown (2002)

Wherever Freud used the word psyche, referring to soul, it was translated into «mind.» ❋ Ph.D. Jane G. Goldberg (2011)

The German word for mind is «geistig» and bears no relation to the word «psyche» that Freud chose. ❋ Ph.D. Jane G. Goldberg (2011)

The etymological definition of the word psyche, on the other hand, is «soul.» ❋ Ph.D. Jane G. Goldberg (2011)

The word «psychology» comes from the Greek word psyche meaning «breath, spirit, soul», and the Greek word logia meaning the study of something. ❋ Unknown (2009)

1: Are you really [lend] me that 1.000 dollars for [my grandma’s] operation?!
2: Nope, [Psyche]! ❋ To Da Max (2006)

he myths of the Greek goddess Psyche exemplify a woman’s search for authentic personal growth, a reminder that the integration of our experiences, however sad or frightening they may be, [matures] and transforms us, like the symbol of [the butterfly] emerging into the light from its dark [cocoon]. ❋ Psi (2004)

«Don’t look at us while we’re defecating, if you know what’s good for you,little kid!» Kenny, [Harun], Hai, and Hamilton threatened. «Psyche!»they said, with sick grins, as they saw the little kid was about to [bawl].
«A jacket is better than an overcoat, because you can [moon people] with your coat on, that way!» Jamie, Matt, and Robert told Mike and Eric. «Psyche!»they then exclaimed, with derisive grins, as Mike and Eric stalked off. ❋ GayMadScientistTrio70 (2014)

I’m [soooo] psyched about [the party]. ❋ Random Hero (2003)

«[I hate you]… [PSYCH]! you’re [awesome]!» ❋ ThisBitch») (2015)

«[LSD] and [Mushrooms] are the only [psychs] I’ve tried.» ❋ Unkledadi (2023)

You: [Yo] i was with this [hot piece of ass] last night.
Me: Really? Who was it?
You: Psyche! Like i could [get with] a hot piece of ass?! ❋ Urban Dictionary (2004)

[Derek]: You’re my best friend!
[Jason]: Thanks!
Derek: Psyche! [I fucking hate you] asshole! ❋ Mr. Sneakers (2009)

I was [bulied] so many times and that [affected] my [psyche]. ❋ BlackPohatu (2016)

Yeah, I fucked both those [model] [chicks]…[psych]! ❋ Michael Jackson…psych! (2004)

Content

• What is the Psyche:
• Human psyche in psychology
• Psyche and Eros in mythology

What is the Psyche:

The psyche is the set of human capacities of an individual that encompasses conscious and unconscious processes. The word psyche is of Greek origin ψυχή (psyche) which means ‘human soul’.

Formerly, the term psyche was related to a type of energy or vital force of an individual that was attached to the body in life and separated from it after death.

Years later, the concept moved away from philosophy and approached the area of ​​psychology, as described above.

In the area of ​​religions, there are many theologians who have dedicated themselves to this concept, such as the case of Saint Thomas Aquinas, who maintains that the soul is the essential part of the human being and, therefore, it is what makes one human being different from the other.

When the psyche is healthy, the individual has more opportunities to adapt to the environment, that is why the psyche enjoys cognitive, affective, conditioned and unconditioned reflexes. Likewise, the psyche has defense mechanisms such as sublimation, repression, denial or isolation, among others.

See also Alma.

Human psyche in psychology

The human psyche is the mental order established by the functioning of the intellect, emotion and will.

Sigmund Freud, father of psychoanalysis, established that the human psyche occurs in two modes:

• the conscious, which contains the immediate data, works in a logical way and is presided over by the reality principle and
• the unconsciousOn the other hand, according to which individuals do not possess certain knowledge of the content and must infer it through acts or verbalizations, it is dominated by the pleasure principle.

In reference to the above, Freud develops the ego, the id, and the superego. The first represents the conscious, the second symbolizes the unconscious and the third has both conscious and unconscious contents.

At the same time, Carl Jung indicated that the human psyche is the «itself» divided the content of the psyche into three parts:

• The I: formed by all conscious and present thoughts.
• The personal unconscious: it is the unconscious proposed by Freud.
• The collective unconscious: formed by the experiences of all human beings, that is, they are shared experiences such as religious, cultural, musical, among others.

See also:

• Psychology
• Psychoanalysis

Psyche and Eros in mythology

Psyche was the youngest and most beautiful of three sisters. This made Aphrodite envious, so she sent her son Eros, known as Cupid, to shoot Psyche with an arrow that would make her fall in love with the ugliest and meanest man she could find. However, it is Eros himself who falls in love with her.

After Psyche suffered because of Aphrodite, the goddess of love, Eros begged Zeus and Aphrodite for permission to marry Psyche, to which Zeus agreed and made her immortal. The daughter that Psyche and Eros had was called Placer or Voluptas, as it was known in Roman mythology.

With reference to the above, it is possible to conclude that the love between Eros and Psyche is a story of alliance between love (Eros) and the soul (Psyche).