Commas are one of the most common punctuation marks in English, but they’re also one of the trickiest to use.
There are so many rules around comma usage, and they vary according to different circumstances.
For example, is it grammatically correct to use a comma before that?
You need a comma before that when the word is introducing parenthetical information anywhere in a sentence, plus a few other instances.
In this article, we’ll show you when to use commas before that, along with examples to help you get it right every time.
Is There a Comma Before That or After That?
You should use a comma before that when it introduces a parenthetical phrase. You should use a comma after that when it closes a parenthetical phrase.
A parenthetical element adds additional information and color to a sentence, but isn’t essential to the overall meaning.
For example:
- Georgina, that girl sitting in the red chair, is actually my former roommate.
In the example above, “that girl sitting in the red chair” provides extra information, or what’s referred to as non-essential or non-restrictive information. If you remove it from the sentence, the meaning remains the same.
Parenthetical phrases always need enclosing with punctuation marks. These can include commas, curved brackets, square brackets, or dashes. These punctuation markers are a useful way to identify non-restrictive information.
When to Use a Comma Before That
A comma before that is necessary when it introduces a parenthetical phrase in the middle or at the end of a sentence. For example:
- I won’t make that mistake again, that’s for sure.
- He doesn’t want to go to university, that much is obvious, he just wants to please his parents.
In these contexts, the comma acts as a parenthetical comma that offsets the parenthetical expression.
Another way to use a comma before that is when writing the parenthetical phrase that is. This is a shortened version of that is to say.
For example:
- The South American countries, that is, Brazil, Colombia, and Argentina, were doing very well economically.
Here, the clause that is is an introductory parenthetical phrase within a larger parenthetical element—one that begins with that and ends with Argentina.
It’s also grammatically correct to include a comma before that when it’s used in the middle of a list. Normally, a comma would not precede the first term in a list.
- Which dress is your favorite? This one, that one, or the other one?
When to Use a Comma After That
A comma after that is necessary if it occurs at the end of a parenthetical element in the middle of a sentence. This is because the comma is acting as a closing parenthetical comma.
- He threw a bar stool across the room, though I didn’t witness that, and was thrown out of the party.
If the parenthetical phrase occurred at the end of the sentence, there would be a period after that, rather than a comma.
You should also use a comma after that when it’s a term at the start or in the middle of a list. In the example below, the comma is acting as an Oxford comma, rather than a parenthetical comma.
- I’m not sure Hannah’s free today. She’s doing this, that, and the other.
No Comma Before That or After That
So when shouldn’t you use a comma before or after that? When there’s no need for a parenthetical comma, or when that is not part of a list.
This means you shouldn’t use a comma when that is functioning as an adjective, pronoun, determiner, adverb, or conjunction.
In particular, you shouldn’t use a comma before or after that when it’s used to join the main clause with a restrictive relative clause.
A relative clause is a type of subordinate clause that starts with a relative pronoun, such as that, who, when, which, or where. Relative clauses can be restrictive or nonrestrictive. A restrictive clause contains essential information.
For example:
Incorrect: Your mom mentioned, that you were upset.
Incorrect: Your mom mentioned that, you were upset.
Correct: Your mom mentioned that you were upset.
In the example above, “that you were upset” is a restrictive clause because it contains the essential details. Without it, the sentence loses its meaning. You shouldn’t use a comma to set apart a restrictive clause.
Parenthetical elements are nonrestrictive clauses because they contain information that isn’t essential to the meaning of the sentence. That’s why we use commas or another type of parentheses to set these phrases apart.
Commas aren’t used before or after that in an indirect statement either. An indirect statement is a form of subordinate clause. It’s used for reporting what someone said or wrote without using their exact words.
Notice how a comma is not appropriate before or after that in this example:
- Jerry said that he was going to buy a new car.
Examples of That in Sentences
Let’s look at a few grammatically correct examples of how to use a comma before that.
- He didn’t want to lose her friendship, that would be agonizing, but it was his only option.
- Julia, that girl over there, is actually my former roommate.
- My new coat, that one with the navy stripes, is missing a button already.
- Eric, that’s his wife over there, is the new chairman.
- Jake, that is, my younger brother, is going to summer camp next month.
Final Thoughts on Comma Before That
Let’s summarize what we’ve learned about the correct way to use a comma before that.
If that introduces a parenthetical expression, then it must be preceded by a comma. You should use a comma before that if it appears in the middle of a list too.
Other than these two instances, there’s no need for a comma before that if it’s carrying out its other functions—as an adverb, pronoun, determiner, conjunction, or adjective.
If you’re concerned about making grammatical mistakes in your work, ProWritingAid will pick up any instances of missing or misused commas.
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2
seguir
v.
1 to follow.
tú ve delante, que yo te sigo you go ahead, I’ll follow o I’ll go behind
seguir algo de cerca to follow o monitor something closely (desarrollo, resultados)
2 to follow.
3 to continue, to resume.
4 to continue, to go on.
¡sigue, no te pares! go o carry on, don’t stop!
aquí se baja él, yo sigo he’s getting out here, I’m going on (al taxista)
sigue enferma/en el hospital she’s still ill/in hospital
¿qué tal sigue la familia? how’s the family getting on o keeping?
5 to keep on, to go along, to carry on, to continue.
6 to continue to be, to continue being, to keep, to keep being.
7 to obey, to keep.
8 to imitate, to follow.
9 to come afterwards, to come next, to come after, to come along.
* * *
(e changes to i in certain persons of certain tenses; gu changes to g before a and o)
Present Indicative
Past Indicative
Present Subjunctive
Imperfect Subjunctive
Future Subjunctive
Imperative
* * *
verb
* * *
1) to follow; to follow up; to chase, pursue
ella llegó primero, seguida del embajador — she arrived first, followed by the ambassador
2) to watch, follow; to listen to, follow; to monitor, follow up; to track
3) to follow, take; to follow
4) to follow
• seguir su curso, el proyecto sigue su curso — the project is still on course, the project continues on (its) course
5) to follow
¿me sigues? — are you with me?
6) (Educ) to take, do
1) to go on, carry on
¿quieres que sigamos? — shall we go on?
¡siga! — go on!, carry on; come in
¡síguele! — go on!
«sigue» — P.T.O.; continued
2)
• seguir adelante — to go on, carry on; to go ahead
adelante 1)
3) to be still
¿cómo sigue? — how is he?
• seguimos sin teléfono — we still haven’t got a phone
4)
• seguir haciendo algo — to go on doing sth, carry on doing sth
5) to follow, follow on
• seguir a algo, las horas que siguieron a la tragedia — the hours following o that followed the tragedy
3.
See:
* * *
1.
verbo transitivo
1) <persona/vehículo/presa> to follow
camina muy rápido, no la puedo seguir — she walks very fast, I can’t keep up with her
2) <camino/ruta>
seguir a algo/alguien — to follow something/somebody
4)
a) <instrucciones/consejo/flecha> to follow
b) ( basarse en) <autor/teoría/método/tradición> to follow
5)
a) <trámite/procedimiento> to follow
b) (Educ) < curso> to take
6)
a) <explicaciones/profesor> to follow
dicta demasiado rápido, no la puedo seguir — she dictates too quickly, I can’t keep up
¿me siguen? — are you with me?
no sigo ese programa — I don’t watch that program, I’m not following that program
2.
1)
siga derecho or todo recto hasta el final de la calle — keep o go straight on to the end of the street
b)
2) (en lugar, estado)
¿tus padres siguen en Ginebra? — are your parents still in Geneva?
sigue soltera/tan bonita como siempre — she’s still single/as pretty as ever
si las cosas siguen así… — if things carry on like this…
si sigue así de trabajador, llegará lejos — if he carries on working as hard as this, he’ll go a long way
3)
a) tareas/buen tiempo/lluvia to continue; rumores to persist
b)
seguir + ger: sigo pensando que deberíamos haber ido I still think we ought to have gone; sigue leyendo tú you read now; seguiré haciéndolo a mi manera — I’ll go on o carry on doing it my way, I shall continue to do it my way (frml)
4)
a) (venir después, estar contiguo)
b) historia/poema to continue
¿cómo sigue la canción? — how does the song go on?
3.
de esto se sigue que… — it follows from this that…
* * *
= accord with, adhere to, chase, conform to, espouse, fit, follow, keep to, observe, pursue, run along, stay, stick to, proceed, overlay, carry on, go ahead, soldier on, succeed, hew to, overlie, keep up, roll on.
Ex. So while that tracing may have accorded with a rule, it violated common sense.
Ex. Since BC adheres closely to the educational and scientific consensus, BC found most favour with libraries in educational establishments.
Ex. Also, in controlled indexing language data bases, there is often an assumption that a user will be prepared to chase strings of references or to consult a sometimes complex thesaurus.
Ex. These basic permutation rules are modified somewhat to conform to bibliographic requirements.
Ex. Most respondents espoused the latter view as an appropriate response to IT developments to date.
Ex. Especially if the new subject is one which upsets the previous structure of relationships, it will be difficult to fit into the existing order.
Ex. An abstract covers all of the main points made in the original document, and usually follows the style and arrangement of the parent document.
Ex. Obviously, once a choice of citation order has been made it must be kept to, otherwise, chaos will result.
Ex. It is worth briefly observing a general approach to the creation of a data base.
Ex. All effective indexes must have some common facets if only because the audience does not alter merely because the indexer chooses to pursue certain indexing practices.
Ex. Whevener logical processes of thought are employed — that is, whenever thought for a time runs along an accepted groove — there is an opportunity for the machine.
Ex. What is possibly less easy is to making sure that the guiding stays clean, neat and accurate.
Ex. It might be striking to outline the instrumentalities of the future more spectacularly, rather than to stick closely to methods and elements now known.
Ex. Before we proceed to look at the operators in detail, a couple of examples may help to make the layout clearer.
Ex. There may be a very flexible communication system that overlays the administrative structure, or there may be a fairly rigid pattern of communication that adheres to the administrative lines of authority.
Ex. If a child detects that no very strong value is placed on reading then he feels no compulsion to develop his own reading skill beyond the minimal, functional level we all need simply to carry on our daily lives in our print-dominated society.
Ex. A plan for the construction and implementation phases will be drawn up, if it is decided to go ahead = Si se decide continuar, se elaborará un plan para las fases de construcción y puesta en práctica.
Ex. Russell soldiered on in ‘Principles of Mathematics’, he pleaded a distinction between analysis by way of philosophical definitions and analysis by way of mathematical definitions.
Ex. In 1964 he was promoted to Associate Director of the Processing Department where he succeeded John Cronin as Director four years later.
Ex. The structure adopted hews to the theoretical model of the resilient organization as described by Enright.
Ex. The disputes between islanders and outsiders overlie the deeper problem of administrative denial of indigenous lagoon rights.
Ex. He was told to ‘ keep up whatever it is he was doing’ because he was doing great!.
Ex. But to make matters worse, and as the drought rolls on, it is very likely that it won’t rain again until October or November.
—-
* camino a seguir, el = way forward, the.
* debate + seguir = debate + rage.
* el camino a seguir = the way ahead, the way to go.
* indicar el camino a seguir = point + the way forward.
* indicar el camino a seguir para = point + the way to.
* la vida + seguir = life + go on.
* modelos a seguir = lessons learned [lessons learnt].
* mostrar el camino a seguir = point + the way forward.
* no saber cómo seguir = be stuck, get + stuck.
* no seguir una norma = fall (far) short of + norm.
* pautas a seguir = best practices, lessons learned [lessons learnt].
* que uno sigue a su propio ritmo = self-paced, self-guided.
* resignarse y seguir adelante = bite + the bullet.
* seguir activo = remain + in being, remain + in place.
* seguir adelante = go forward, forge + ahead, forge + forward, go ahead, go straight ahead, carry through, move along, move forward, press forward (with), move + forward, continue on + Posesivo + way, move on.
* seguir adelante con = go ahead with, stick with.
* seguir a flote = stay in + business, stay + afloat.
* seguir Algo al pie de la letra = follow + Nombre + to the letter.
* seguir Algo a rajatabla = follow + Nombre + to the letter.
* seguir al pie de la letra = keep + strictly to the letter.
* seguir a rajatabla = keep + strictly to the letter.
* seguir así = keep + it up, keep up + the good work, keep up + the great work.
* seguir avanzando = forge + ahead, forge + forward.
* seguir caminando = continue on + Posesivo + way.
* seguir como antes = go on + as before.
* seguir como modelo = pattern.
* seguir con = go on with, maintain + continuity, maintain + momentum, stick at.
* seguir con Algo = take + Nombre + further.
* seguir con el buen hacer = keep up + the good work, keep up + the great work.
* seguir con el control = stay in + control.
* seguir con el mando = stay in + control.
* seguir con + Posesivo + vida normal = get on with + Posesivo + life.
* seguir considerando = consider + further.
* seguir de cerca = monitor, stay in + control, keep + track of.
* seguir desarrollando = develop + further.
* seguir el buen camino = keep on + the right track, keep on + the straight and narrow.
* seguir el camino de la verdad = keep on + the straight and narrow.
* seguir el camino más ético = take + the high ground, take + the high road.
* seguir el debate = follow + the thread.
* seguir el ejemplo = follow + the lead, take after.
* seguir el ejemplo de = take + Posesivo + cue from, take + a cue from.
* seguir el ejemplo de Alguien = take + a leaf out of + Posesivo + book, follow + Posesivo + example.
* seguir el hilo = follow + the thread.
* seguir el ritmo de Algo o Alguien = keep up with + pace.
* seguir en contacto = stay + tuned.
* seguir en contacto (con) = stay in + touch (with), keep in + touch (with).
* seguir en existencia = remain + in being.
* seguir en pie = hold + Posesivo + own, hold up.
* seguir enviando + Nombre = keep + Nombre + coming.
* seguir este camino = go along + this road.
* seguir este rumbo = proceed + along this way.
* seguir + Gerundio = keep on + Gerundio.
* seguir haciéndolo así = keep up + the good work.
* seguir haciéndolo bien = keep up + the good work.
* seguir inmediatamente = fast on the heels of, on the heels of.
* seguir inmediatamente a = come on + the heels of.
* seguir irreconciliable con = remain + unreconciled to.
* seguir la conversación = follow + the thread.
* seguir la corazonada de uno = play + Posesivo + hunches.
* seguir la corriente = go with + the flow, go along with + the flow.
* seguir la iniciativa = follow + the lead.
* seguir la marcha de = monitor.
* seguir la moda = catch + the fever.
* seguir la pista = follow up, track, follow through, shadow, track down.
* seguir la pista a un documento = chase + item.
* seguir la pista de = keep + track of.
* seguir la trayectoria = follow up, follow through.
* seguirle el juego a, seguirle la corriente a = play along with.
* seguir levantado = stay up.
* seguir lo mismo = remain + the same.
* seguir los pasos de = follow in + the footsteps of.
* seguir malgastando el dinero = throw + good money after bad.
* seguir opuesto a = remain + unreconciled to.
* seguir por delante de = keep + one step ahead of.
* seguir por el buen camino = keep out of + trouble, keep on + the right track.
* seguir + Posesivo + pasos = follow in + Posesivo + footsteps.
* seguir progresando = forge + ahead, forge + forward.
* seguir siendo = remain.
* seguir siendo + Adjetivo = remain + Adjetivo.
* seguir siendo lo mismo = remain + the same.
* seguir sin agraciarse con = remain + unreconciled to.
* seguir sin haberse traducido = remain + untranslated.
* seguir sin reconciliarse con = remain + unreconciled to.
* seguir sin traducirse = remain + untranslated.
* seguir tirando el dinero = throw + good money after bad.
* seguir trabajando aceptando una limitación = work (a)round + shortcoming, work (a)round + limitation, work (a)round + constraints.
* seguir trabajando así = keep up + the good work.
* seguir trabajando bien = keep up + the good work.
* seguir tratando = discuss + further.
* seguir una dirección = follow + path, take + path.
* seguir una escala = fall along + a continuum.
* seguir una estrategia = take + tack.
* seguir una filosofía = espouse + philosophy.
* seguir una metodología = adopt + approach.
* seguir una práctica = adopt + practice.
* seguir una táctica = take + tack.
* seguir una trayectoria = follow + track.
* seguir un camino = take + path, take + direction, tread + path, walk + path.
* seguir un camino diferente = strike out on + a different path.
* seguir un consejo = take + advice.
* seguir un curso de acción = follow + track.
* seguir un método = take + approach.
* seguir un modelo = embrace + model, conform to + image.
* seguir unos pasos = follow + steps.
* seguir un patrón = conform to + image.
* seguir un principio = adopt + convention.
* seguir un rumbo diferente = take + a different turn.
* seguir + Verbo = still + Verbo.
* seguir vigente = hold + Posesivo + own.
* seguir vivo = live on, stay + alive.
* tiempo + seguir su marcha inexorable = time + march on.
* * *
1.
verbo transitivo
1) <persona/vehículo/presa> to follow
camina muy rápido, no la puedo seguir — she walks very fast, I can’t keep up with her
2) <camino/ruta>
seguir a algo/alguien — to follow something/somebody
4)
a) <instrucciones/consejo/flecha> to follow
b) ( basarse en) <autor/teoría/método/tradición> to follow
5)
a) <trámite/procedimiento> to follow
b) (Educ) < curso> to take
6)
a) <explicaciones/profesor> to follow
dicta demasiado rápido, no la puedo seguir — she dictates too quickly, I can’t keep up
¿me siguen? — are you with me?
no sigo ese programa — I don’t watch that program, I’m not following that program
2.
1)
siga derecho or todo recto hasta el final de la calle — keep o go straight on to the end of the street
b)
2) (en lugar, estado)
¿tus padres siguen en Ginebra? — are your parents still in Geneva?
sigue soltera/tan bonita como siempre — she’s still single/as pretty as ever
si las cosas siguen así… — if things carry on like this…
si sigue así de trabajador, llegará lejos — if he carries on working as hard as this, he’ll go a long way
3)
a) tareas/buen tiempo/lluvia to continue; rumores to persist
b)
seguir + ger: sigo pensando que deberíamos haber ido I still think we ought to have gone; sigue leyendo tú you read now; seguiré haciéndolo a mi manera — I’ll go on o carry on doing it my way, I shall continue to do it my way (frml)
4)
a) (venir después, estar contiguo)
b) historia/poema to continue
¿cómo sigue la canción? — how does the song go on?
3.
de esto se sigue que… — it follows from this that…
* * *
= accord with, adhere to, chase, conform to, espouse, fit, follow, keep to, observe, pursue, run along, stay, stick to, proceed, overlay, carry on, go ahead, soldier on, succeed, hew to, overlie, keep up, roll on.
Ex: So while that tracing may have accorded with a rule, it violated common sense.
Ex: Since BC adheres closely to the educational and scientific consensus, BC found most favour with libraries in educational establishments.
Ex: Also, in controlled indexing language data bases, there is often an assumption that a user will be prepared to chase strings of references or to consult a sometimes complex thesaurus.
Ex: These basic permutation rules are modified somewhat to conform to bibliographic requirements.
Ex: Most respondents espoused the latter view as an appropriate response to IT developments to date.
Ex: Especially if the new subject is one which upsets the previous structure of relationships, it will be difficult to fit into the existing order.
Ex: An abstract covers all of the main points made in the original document, and usually follows the style and arrangement of the parent document.
Ex: Obviously, once a choice of citation order has been made it must be kept to, otherwise, chaos will result.
Ex: It is worth briefly observing a general approach to the creation of a data base.
Ex: All effective indexes must have some common facets if only because the audience does not alter merely because the indexer chooses to pursue certain indexing practices.
Ex: Whevener logical processes of thought are employed — that is, whenever thought for a time runs along an accepted groove — there is an opportunity for the machine.
Ex: What is possibly less easy is to making sure that the guiding stays clean, neat and accurate.
Ex: It might be striking to outline the instrumentalities of the future more spectacularly, rather than to stick closely to methods and elements now known.
Ex: Before we proceed to look at the operators in detail, a couple of examples may help to make the layout clearer.
Ex: There may be a very flexible communication system that overlays the administrative structure, or there may be a fairly rigid pattern of communication that adheres to the administrative lines of authority.
Ex: If a child detects that no very strong value is placed on reading then he feels no compulsion to develop his own reading skill beyond the minimal, functional level we all need simply to carry on our daily lives in our print-dominated society.
Ex: A plan for the construction and implementation phases will be drawn up, if it is decided to go ahead = Si se decide continuar, se elaborará un plan para las fases de construcción y puesta en práctica.
Ex: Russell soldiered on in ‘Principles of Mathematics’, he pleaded a distinction between analysis by way of philosophical definitions and analysis by way of mathematical definitions.
Ex: In 1964 he was promoted to Associate Director of the Processing Department where he succeeded John Cronin as Director four years later.
Ex: The structure adopted hews to the theoretical model of the resilient organization as described by Enright.
Ex: The disputes between islanders and outsiders overlie the deeper problem of administrative denial of indigenous lagoon rights.
Ex: He was told to ‘ keep up whatever it is he was doing’ because he was doing great!.
Ex: But to make matters worse, and as the drought rolls on, it is very likely that it won’t rain again until October or November.
* camino a seguir, el = way forward, the.
* como siga así = at this rate.
* como sigue = as follows.
* debate + seguir = debate + rage.
* difícil de seguir = heavy going.
* el camino a seguir = the way ahead, the way to go.
* hay que seguir adelante = the show must go on.
* indicar el camino a seguir = point + the way forward.
* indicar el camino a seguir para = point + the way to.
* las cosas siguen igual = business as usual.
* la vida + seguir = life + go on.
* modelos a seguir = lessons learned [lessons learnt].
* mostrar el camino a seguir = point + the way forward.
* no saber cómo seguir = be stuck, get + stuck.
* no seguir una norma = fall (far) short of + norm.
* pautas a seguir = best practices, lessons learned [lessons learnt].
* pendiente de seguir la última moda = fashion-conscious.
* procedimiento a seguir = code of practice.
* que sigue = ensuing.
* que sigue una norma = compliant (with).
* que uno sigue a su propio ritmo = self-paced, self-guided.
* resignarse y seguir adelante = bite + the bullet.
* seguir activo = remain + in being, remain + in place.
* seguir adelante = go forward, forge + ahead, forge + forward, go ahead, go straight ahead, carry through, move along, move forward, press forward (with), move + forward, continue on + Posesivo + way, move on.
* seguir adelante con = go ahead with, stick with.
* seguir a flote = stay in + business, stay + afloat.
* seguir al día = remain on top of.
* seguir Algo al pie de la letra = follow + Nombre + to the letter.
* seguir Algo a rajatabla = follow + Nombre + to the letter.
* seguir al pie de la letra = keep + strictly to the letter.
* seguir al pie del cañón = soldier on.
* seguir a rajatabla = keep + strictly to the letter.
* seguir así = keep + it up, keep up + the good work, keep up + the great work.
* seguir avanzando = forge + ahead, forge + forward.
* seguir caminando = continue on + Posesivo + way.
* seguir como antes = go on + as before.
* seguir como modelo = pattern.
* seguir con = go on with, maintain + continuity, maintain + momentum, stick at.
* seguir con Algo = take + Nombre + further.
* seguir con el buen hacer = keep up + the good work, keep up + the great work.
* seguir con el control = stay in + control.
* seguir con el mando = stay in + control.
* seguir con + Posesivo + vida normal = get on with + Posesivo + life.
* seguir considerando = consider + further.
* seguir de cerca = monitor, stay in + control, keep + track of.
* seguir desarrollando = develop + further.
* seguir el buen camino = keep on + the right track, keep on + the straight and narrow.
* seguir el camino de la verdad = keep on + the straight and narrow.
* seguir el camino más ético = take + the high ground, take + the high road.
* seguir el debate = follow + the thread.
* seguir el ejemplo = follow + the lead, take after.
* seguir el ejemplo de = take + Posesivo + cue from, take + a cue from.
* seguir el ejemplo de Alguien = take + a leaf out of + Posesivo + book, follow + Posesivo + example.
* seguir el hilo = follow + the thread.
* seguir el ritmo de Algo o Alguien = keep up with + pace.
* seguir en contacto = stay + tuned.
* seguir en contacto (con) = stay in + touch (with), keep in + touch (with).
* seguir en existencia = remain + in being.
* seguir en la brecha = soldier on.
* seguir en pie = hold + Posesivo + own, hold up.
* seguir entre los primeros = remain on top.
* seguir enviando + Nombre = keep + Nombre + coming.
* seguir este camino = go along + this road.
* seguir este rumbo = proceed + along this way.
* seguir + Gerundio = keep on + Gerundio.
* seguir haciéndolo así = keep up + the good work.
* seguir haciéndolo bien = keep up + the good work.
* seguir haciendo lo mismo = business as usual.
* seguir igual = be none the worse for wear.
* seguir inmediatamente = fast on the heels of, on the heels of.
* seguir inmediatamente a = come on + the heels of.
* seguir irreconciliable con = remain + unreconciled to.
* seguir la conversación = follow + the thread.
* seguir la corazonada de uno = play + Posesivo + hunches.
* seguir la corriente = go with + the flow, go along with + the flow.
* seguir la iniciativa = follow + the lead.
* seguir la marcha de = monitor.
* seguir la moda = catch + the fever.
* seguir la pista = follow up, track, follow through, shadow, track down.
* seguir la pista a un documento = chase + item.
* seguir la pista de = keep + track of.
* seguir la trayectoria = follow up, follow through.
* seguirle el juego a, seguirle la corriente a = play along with.
* seguirle la corriente a = play along with.
* seguir levantado = stay up.
* seguir líneas diferentes = be on different lines.
* seguir lo mismo = remain + the same.
* seguir los pasos de = follow in + the footsteps of.
* seguir malgastando el dinero = throw + good money after bad.
* seguir opuesto a = remain + unreconciled to.
* seguir por delante de = keep + one step ahead of.
* seguir por el buen camino = keep out of + trouble, keep on + the right track.
* seguir + Posesivo + pasos = follow in + Posesivo + footsteps.
* seguir progresando = forge + ahead, forge + forward.
* seguirse = ensue.
* seguir siendo = remain.
* seguir siendo + Adjetivo = remain + Adjetivo.
* seguir siendo lo mismo = remain + the same.
* seguir sin agraciarse con = remain + unreconciled to.
* seguir sin haberse traducido = remain + untranslated.
* seguir sin reconciliarse con = remain + unreconciled to.
* seguir sin traducirse = remain + untranslated.
* seguir tirando el dinero = throw + good money after bad.
* seguir trabajando aceptando una limitación = work (a)round + shortcoming, work (a)round + limitation, work (a)round + constraints.
* seguir trabajando así = keep up + the good work.
* seguir trabajando bien = keep up + the good work.
* seguir tratando = discuss + further.
* seguir una dirección = follow + path, take + path.
* seguir una escala = fall along + a continuum.
* seguir una estrategia = take + tack.
* seguir una filosofía = espouse + philosophy.
* seguir una metodología = adopt + approach.
* seguir una práctica = adopt + practice.
* seguir una táctica = take + tack.
* seguir una trayectoria = follow + track.
* seguir un camino = take + path, take + direction, tread + path, walk + path.
* seguir un camino diferente = strike out on + a different path.
* seguir un consejo = take + advice.
* seguir un curso de acción = follow + track.
* seguir un método = take + approach.
* seguir un modelo = embrace + model, conform to + image.
* seguir unos pasos = follow + steps.
* seguir un patrón = conform to + image.
* seguir un principio = adopt + convention.
* seguir un rumbo diferente = take + a different turn.
* seguir + Verbo = still + Verbo.
* seguir vigente = hold + Posesivo + own.
* seguir viviendo = live on.
* seguir vivo = live on, stay + alive.
* siguiendo = along.
* siguiendo un estilo indicativo = indicatively.
* si sigue así = at this rate.
* si todo sigue igual = all (other) things being equal.
* tiempo + seguir su marcha inexorable = time + march on.
* * *
vt
A ‹persona/vehículo› to follow; ‹presa› to follow
sígame, por favor follow me, please
camina muy rápido, no la puedo seguir she walks very fast, I can’t keep up with her
B ‹camino/ruta›
siguiéndole los pasos al hermano mayor, decidió estudiar medicina following in his elder brother’s footsteps, he decided to study medicine
C (en el tiempo) to follow seguir A algo/algn to follow sth/sb
D
1 ‹instrucciones/consejo› to follow
sigue a Kant she’s a follower of Kant’s philosophy
E
1 ‹trámite/procedimiento› to follow
va a tener que seguir un tratamiento especial/una dieta hipocalórica you will have to undergo special treatment/follow a low-calorie diet
se seguirá contra usted el procedimiento de suspensión del permiso de conducción steps will be taken leading to the withdrawal of your driver’s license
2 ( Educ) ‹curso› to take
¿qué carrera piensas seguir? what are you thinking of studying o reading?
F
1 ‹explicaciones/profesor› to follow
dicta demasiado rápido, no la puedo seguir she dictates too quickly, I can’t keep up
¿me siguen? are you with me?
2
(permanecer atento a): no sigo ese programa I don’t watch that program, I’m not following that program
■ seguir
vi
A
siga derecho or todo recto hasta el final de la calle keep o go straight on to the end of the street
desde allí hay que seguir a pie/en mula from there you have to go on on foot/by mule
2
seguir adelante: ¿entienden? bien, entonces sigamos adelante do you understand? good, then let’s carry on
llueve ¿regresamos? — no, sigamos adelante it’s raining, shall we go back? — no, let’s go on o carry on
3
B
(en un lugar, un estado): ¿tus padres siguen en Ginebra? are your parents still in Geneva?
¿sigues con la idea de mudarte? do you still intend to move?, are you still thinking of moving?
sigue soltera/tan bonita como siempre she’s still single/as pretty as ever
si sigue así de trabajador, llegará lejos if he carries on working as hard as this, he’ll go a long way
C
1
2 seguir + GER:
sigue leyendo tú, Elsa you read now, Elsa
D
1
(venir después, estar contiguo): lee lo que sigue read what follows, read what comes next
2 «historia/poema» to continue
¿cómo sigue la canción? how does the song go on?
[ S ] sigue en la página 8 continued on page 8
* * *
seguir ( conjugate seguir) verbo transitivo
1 ‹persona/vehículo/presa› to follow;
◊ camina muy rápido, no la puedo seguir she walks very fast, I can’t keep up with her
2 ‹camino/ruta› to follow, go along;
la saludé y seguí mi camino I said hello to her and went on (my way);
la enfermedad sigue su curso normal the illness is running its normal course
3
a) ‹instrucciones/consejo/flecha› to follow
b) ‹autor/método/tradición/moda› to follow;
4
a) ‹trámite/procedimiento› to follow;
‹ tratamiento› to undergo
5 ‹explicaciones/profesor› to follow;
◊ dicta demasiado rápido, no la puedo seguir she dictates too quickly, I can’t keep up
verbo intransitivo
1
siga derecho or todo recto keep o go straight on;
seguir de largo (AmL) to go straight past
b)
resolvieron seguir adelante con los planes they decided to go ahead with their plans
2 (en lugar, estado):
espero que sigan todos bien I hope you’re all keeping well;
sigue soltera she’s still single;
si las cosas siguen así … if things carry on like this …
3 [tareas/buen tiempo/lluvia] to continue;
[ rumores] to persist;
seguiré haciéndolo a mi manera I’ll go on o carry on doing it my way
4
el capítulo que sigue the next chapter
seguir
I verbo transitivo
1 to follow: ésta es la hermana que me sigue, she’s the sister who comes after me
me sigue a todas partes, he follows me wherever I go
me seguía con la mirada, his eyes followed me
2 (comprender) to understand, follow: no soy capaz de seguir el argumento, I can’t follow the plot
3 (una ruta, un camino, consejo) to follow
4 (el ritmo, la moda) to keep: no sigues el ritmo, you aren’t keeping time
5 (el rastro, las huellas) to track
6 (una actividad) sigue un curso de informática, she’s doing a computer course
II verbo intransitivo
1 (continuar) to keep (on), go on: seguiremos mañana, we’ll continue tomorrow
siguen casados, they are still married
sigue tirando de la cuerda, keep (on) pulling at the rope ➣ Ver nota en continue y keep 2 (extenderse, llegar hasta) to stretch (out): los sembrados siguen hasta la ribera, the fields stretch down to the river-bank
‘ seguir‘ also found in these entries:
Spanish:
atorarse
— continuar
— escala
— golpe
— impulsar
— juego
— profesar
— rastrear
— ritmo
— sino
— suceder
— trece
— adelante
— bordear
— camino
— cauce
— cerca
— línea
— llevar
— moda
— paso
— perro
— racha
— separar
— siga
— sigo
— trazar
— ver
English:
act on
— advice
— along
— carry on
— closely
— continue
— despite
— ensue
— fight on
— follow
— follow up
— forge
— get on
— go ahead
— go on
— go through with
— hope
— hotly
— keep
— keep on
— lead
— march on
— monitor
— move on
— obey
— pick up
— play on
— play upon
— practice
— practise
— press ahead
— proceed
— pursue
— push ahead
— push on
— rattle on
— reasoning
— run on
— send on
— shadow
— soldier on
— stalk
— stand
— stay out
— struggle on
— succeed
— tail
— take
— track
— trail
* * *
♦ vt
to follow;
tú ve delante, que yo te sigo you go ahead, I’ll follow I’ll go behind;
síganme, por favor follow me, please;
seguir el rastro de alguien/algo to follow sb’s/sth’s tracks;
to follow;
to follow;
seguir algo de cerca to follow monitor sth closely;
seguir las órdenes/instrucciones de alguien to follow sb’s orders/instructions;
siguiendo sus indicaciones, hemos cancelado el pedido we have cancelled the order as instructed
to continue, to resume;
yo seguí mi trabajo/camino I continued with my work/on my way;
to follow;
¿me sigues? do you follow?, are you with me?
to follow;
es difícil seguirle (el ritmo), va muy deprisa it’s hard to keep up with him, he goes very quickly;
♦ vi
to continue, to go on;
¡sigue, no te pares! go carry on, don’t stop!;
aquí se baja él, yo sigo he’s getting out here, I’m going on;
«sigue la crisis en la bolsa de Tokio» Tokyo stock market crisis continues;
¿vas a seguir intentándolo? are you going to keep trying?;
sigue enferma/en el hospital she’s still ill/in hospital;
¿qué tal sigue la familia? how’s the family getting on keeping?;
todo sigue igual everything’s still the same, nothing has changed;
¿la sigues queriendo? do you still love her?;
sigue habiendo dudas sobre… doubts remain about…;
¡buen trabajo, sigue así! good work, keep it up!;
si seguimos jugando así, ganaremos la liga if we carry on keep playing like that, we’ll win the league;
a seguir bien take care, look after yourself;
de seguir así las cosas, si las cosas siguen así if things go on like this, the way things are going
to follow;
¿cómo sigue el chiste? how does the joke go on continue?;
el proceso de selección se realizará como sigue:… the selection process will be carried out as follows:…;
please do;
con permiso, ¿puedo entrar? – siga excuse me, can I come in? – please do
* * *
:
II
v/i
continue, carry on;
¡a seguir bien! take care!, take it easy!
* * *
to follow
el sol sigue la lluvia: sunshine follows the rain
seguiré tu consejo: I’ll follow your advice
me siguieron con la mirada: they followed me with their eyes
to go along, to keep on
seguimos toda la carretera panamericana: we continued along the PanAmerican Highway
siguió hablando: he kept on talking
seguir el curso: to stay on course
to take (a course, a treatment)
to go on, to keep going
sigue adelante: keep going, carry on
to remain, to continue to be
¿todavía sigues aquí?: you’re still here?
sigue con vida: she’s still alive
to follow, to come after
la frase que sigue: the following sentence
* * *
Spanish-English dictionary > seguir
3
llevar
v.
1 to take.
llevar algo/a alguien a to take something/somebody to
2 to carry.
3 to wear.
4 to have.
5 to handle, to deal with.
6 to keep.
7 to deal or cope with.
llevar algo bien/mal to deal o cope with something well/badly
¿cómo lo llevas? (informal) how are you getting on?
8 to be wearing, to have, to wear.
9 to lead, to live.
10 to convey.
11 to take up.
12 to have been.
* * *
■ ¿qué llevas ahí? what’s that you’ve got there?
■ ¿cuánto dinero llevas? how much money have you got on you?
■ ¿cómo lleva lo de quedarse sin trabajo? how’s he coping with losing his job?
■ ¿quién lleva el tema de los pedidos? who’s in charge of orders?
8 (libros, cuentas) to keep
11 (tiempo, esfuerzo) to take
12 (compás, paso, ritmo) to keep
■ contigo no bailo, no sabes llevar el paso I’m not dancing with you, you can’t keep in step
■ ¿cuánto te llevaron por la reparación? how much did they charge you for the repairs?
■ y esto, ¿adónde nos lleva? and where will this lead us?
■ esto me lleva a pensar que… this leads me to think that…
■ ¿qué lo llevó a actuar así? what made him act like that?
dejarse llevar por… to be influenced by…, get carried away with…
llevar las de + inf to be likely to + inf
* * *
verb
2) take, take away
4) endure, bear
•
— llevarse
* * *
Para las expresiones llevar adelante, llevar la contraria, llevar las de perder, llevar a la práctica, llevar a término, llevar ventaja, ver la otra entrada.
1) to carry; to take; to transport
«comida para llevar» — «food to take away», «take-away food»
¿es para llevar? — is it to take away?
2) to wear
¿hay que llevar corbata a la reunión? — do we have to wear a tie to the meeting?
3)
¡la que llevaba encima aquella noche! — * he was really smashed that night! *
4)
a) to have
b) to have
lleva un rótulo que dice… — it has a label (on it) which says…
¿qué lleva el pollo que está tan bueno? — what’s in this chicken that makes it taste so good?
el libro lleva el título de… — the book has the title of…, the book is entitled…
5)
a) to take
¿adónde me llevan? — where are you taking me?
a ver ¿cuándo me llevas a cenar? — when are you going to take me out for a meal?
b) to drive
yo voy en esa dirección, ¿quieres que te lleve? — I’m going that way, do you want a lift?
6)
a) to drive
b)
• [dejarse] llevar — to get carried away
si te dejas llevar por él, acabarás mal — if you fall in with him, you’ll be in trouble
7) to run
• llevar la [casa] — to run the household
• ¿quién lleva la [cuenta]? — who is keeping count?
llevar las cuentas {o} los libros — (Com) to keep the books
• llevar una [materia] — to study a subject
compás 1)
to bring
9)
10)
llevar a algn a creer que… — to lead sb to think that…, make sb think that…
esto me lleva a pensar que… — this leads me to think that…
11)
¿cómo lleva lo de su hijo? — how’s she coping with what happened to her son?
12)
a) to be
¿cuánto tiempo llevas aquí? — how long have you been here?
b) to take
13) to charge
14)
¿qué dirección llevaba? — what direction was he going in?, which way was he going?
• lleva [camino] de ser como su padre — it looks like he’s going to turn out just like his father
15) to lead
16)
17) (
Com
,
Econ
) to bear; (
Agr
) to bear, produce
los bonos llevan un 8% de interés — the bonds pay {o} bear interest at 8%
2.
to go, lead
3.
See:
* * *
1.
verbo transitivo
1)
¿qué llevas en el bolso? — what have you got in your bag?
2)
a) (guiar, conducir) to take
b) (impulsar, inducir) to lead
esto me lleva a pensar que… — this leads me to believe that…
¿qué la llevó a hacerlo? — what made her do it?
3) <ropa/perfume/reloj> to wear
una canción que lleva por título `Rencor’ — a song entitled `Rencor’
6)
no sé bailar — no importa, yo te llevo — I can’t dance — it doesn’t matter, I’ll lead
7) < vida> to lead
llevar una vida tranquila/muy ajetreada — to lead a quiet/very hectic life; (+ compl)
¿cómo lleva lo del divorcio? — lo lleva muy mal — how is she coping with the divorce? — she’s taking it very badly
(seguir, mantener)
¿llevas la cuenta de lo que te debo? — are you keeping track of what I owe you?
¿qué dirección llevaban? — which direction were they going in?
9)
b) (tener como ingrediente, componente)
¿qué lleva esta sopa? — what’s in this soup?
10) (aventajar, exceder en) (+ me/te/le etc)
11) (Esp) ( cobrar) to charge
2.
llevar las de ganar/de perder — to be likely to win/lose
3.
a) camino/carretera to go, lead
4.
1)
¿quién se llevó mi paraguas? — who took my umbrella?
b) <premio/dinero> to win
c) (quedarse con, comprar) to take
¿cuántos se quiere llevar? — how many would you like?
d) (Mat) to carry
9 y 9 son 18, me llevo una — 9 plus 9 is 18, carry one
3) <susto/regañina> to get
4)
* * *
= bear, bring, carry, lead, lug off, steer, engage, escort, lead + Pronombre + down the road to, take along, tote.
Ex. Examples of homographs are: bear (to carry, or an animal) and score (music, football or to cut).
Ex. Subject experts may bring a more informed and critical eye to document analysis.
Ex. Cable TV systems have now been introduced in the United States that have the technical ability to carry two-way signals.
Ex. A book index is an alphabetically arranged list of words or terms leading the reader to the numbers of pages on which specific topics are considered, or on which specific names appear.
Ex. The whole affair, assembled and compressed, could be lugged off in a moving van.
Ex. They decided that they had to set up information and referral services to steer people to the correct agency.
Ex. And literature is part of that essential human behavior; it engages us in pre-enactments and re-enactments.
Ex. Their work included escorting clients to other agencies.
Ex. When you’re crunched for time, take along snacks that pack a wallop, nutritionally speaking.
Ex. These bags are the best way to tote around your books, groceries, beach stuff, or even your puppy.
—-
* Algo que lleva mucho tiempo de hacer = time-consuming [time consuming].
* comida para llevar = takeaway meal, take-out meal, take-out.
* correr como alma que lleva el diablo = run for + Posesivo + life.
* cuando el río suena, agua lleva = there’s no smoke without fire, where there’s smoke there’s fire.
* dejarse llevar = become + carried away by, drift along, drift, coast along, go with + the flow, let + go, go along with + the flow.
* dejarse llevar (por) = fall + victim to, give + way (to).
* dejarse llevar por el instinto = fly by + the seat of + Posesivo + pants.
* dejarse llevar por el pánico = panic.
* dejarse llevar por la corriente = go with + the flow, go along with + the flow.
* el camino que lleva a = a/the doorway to.
* el sendero que lleva a = a/the doorway to.
* encargado de llevar a cabo = implementor [implementer].
* encargado de llevar el marcador = scorer.
* la senda que lleva a = a/the doorway to.
* llevar a = lead on to, lead up to, result (in), take + Nombre + back to, usher into.
* llevar a Algo a una nueva dimensión = take + Nombre + into a new dimension.
* llevar a Alguien a juicio = bring + lawsuit against + Alguien, take + legal action, take + legal proceedings.
* llevar a Alguien al límite = push + Alguien + over the edge, drive + Alguien + over the edge.
* llevar a buen término = bring to + a close.
* llevar a cabo = accomplish, carry out, conduct, execute, go about, implement, proceed, effect, realise [realize, -USA], transact, carry through, press forward (with).
* llevar a cabo actividades = conduct + business.
* llevar a cabo una acción = effect + execution.
* llevar a cabo una actividad = conduct + activity.
* llevar a cabo una actuación común = make + a concerted effort.
* llevar a cabo una iniciativa = take + initiative.
* llevar a cabo una misión = accomplish + mission.
* llevar a cabo una orden = execute + command.
* llevar a cabo una redada = swoop.
* llevar a cabo una serie de pasos anteriormente realizados = execute + steps.
* llevar a cabo un atraco = pull off + heist.
* llevar a cabo un proyecto = carry out + project, undertake + project, develop + project.
* llevar a cabo un robo = execute + theft, pull off + heist.
* llevar a casa = bring + home.
* llevar a conclusiones erróneas = mislead.
* llevar a confusión = lead to + confusion.
* llevar a cotas más altas = raise to + greater heights, take + Nombre + to greater heights.
* llevar adelante = go ahead with, carry on, carry out.
* llevar a engaño = be misleading, be deceiving.
* llevar a + Estado Emocional = send into + Estado Emocional.
* llevar a hablar de una cuestión = bring up + issue.
* llevar a hombros = carry + Nombre + shoulder-high.
* llevar a juicio = prosecute, sue, file + suit against, bring + a suit against, litigate, bring + criminal charges against, file + lawsuit against, take + Nombre + to court, bring + Nombre + to justice, put on + trial, try.
* llevar a la bancarrota = bankrupt.
* llevar a la conclusión = lead to + the conclusion.
* llevar a la ficción = fictionalise [fictionalize, -USA].
* llevar a la práctica = practise [practice, -USA], put into + practice, put into + practical effect, carry out, put into + effect.
* llevar a la práctica una decisión = implement + decision.
* llevar a la quiebra = bankrupt.
* llevar Algo/Alguien a = usher + Nombre + into.
* llevar Algo a sus últimas consecuencias = take + Nombre + to its ultimate conclusion.
* llevar Algo demasiado lejos = push + Nombre + too far.
* llevar Algo hasta el final = carry + Nombre + to the end.
* llevar al hospital con toda urgencia = rush + Nombre + to hospital.
* llevar al hospital de bulla y corriendo = rush + Nombre + to hospital.
* llevar al hospital urgentemente = rush + Nombre + to hospital.
* llevar al juzgado = take + Nombre + to court.
* llevar al límite = stretch.
* llevar a los tribunales = take + Nombre + to court.
* llevar al poder = bring + Nombre + to power.
* llevar aquí + Expresión Temporal = have been around + Expresión Temporal.
* llevar a remolque = take in + tow.
* llevar a tomar una decisión = lead (up) to + decision.
* llevar aún más lejos = take + one stage further, progress + one stage further, carry + one stage further, develop + one stage further, take + a step further, extend + one step further, carry + one step further, take + one step further.
* llevar el compás = beat + time.
* llevar el mando = rule + the roost.
* llevar el peso = undertake + burden.
* llevar el sello de = bear + the imprint of, bear + the mark(s) of, bear + the stamp of, bear + the hallmarks of, have + the hallmarks of.
* llevar el sello distintivo de = bear + the hallmarks of, have + the hallmarks of.
* llevar en autobús = bus.
* llevar en camión = truck.
* llevar en volandas = carry + Nombre + shoulder-high.
* llevar + Expresión Temporal = take + Expresión Temporal.
* llevar la antorcha = carry + the torch.
* llevar la batuta = call + the shots, be the boss, call + the tune, rule + the roost, set + the agenda.
* llevar la contraria = antagonise [antagonize, -USA].
* llevar la cuenta = tally.
* llevar la cuenta de = keep + track of.
* llevar la impronta de = bear + the imprint of, bear + the mark(s) of, bear + the stamp of, bear + the hallmarks of, have + the hallmarks of.
* llevar la marca de = bear + the mark(s) of, bear + the stamp of, bear + the imprint of, bear + the hallmarks of, have + the hallmarks of.
* llevar la marca distintiva de = bear + the hallmarks of, have + the hallmarks of.
* llevar la montaña a Mahoma = bring + the mountain to Mohammed.
* llevar la responsabilidad de Algo = carry + the burden.
* llevar la voz cantante = call + the shots, be the boss, call + the tune, rule + the roost, set + the agenda.
* llevarlo bien = take it in + Posesivo + stride.
* llevar + Nombre + aún más lejos = take + Nombre + a/one step further/farther.
* llevar por el aire = waft.
* llevar por el camino de = lead + Pronombre + down the road to.
* llevar por el mal camino = lead + astray.
* llevar por mal camino = mislead.
* llevar (puesto) = wear.
* llevar puesto el cinturón de seguridad = wear + a seat belt.
* llevar razón = be right, be in the right.
* llevar ropa puesta = wear + clothing.
* llevarse = take, take away, cream off, haul away, cart, make off with, take + Nombre + away, be in, get away with.
* llevarse a las mil maravillas con + Nombre = get on with + Nombre + swimmingly.
* llevarse a las mis maravillas = get along/on + like a house on fire.
* llevarse bien = get along, on good terms, hit it off.
* llevarse bien con Alguien = get on with + Pronombre Personal.
* llevarse el gato al agua = steal + the show, steal + the limelight, the nod + go to.
* llevarse el mérito = take + the credit (for).
* llevarse la fama = take + the credit (for).
* llevarse la palma = sweep + the board, steal + the limelight, steal + the show, take + the biscuit, take + the cake, come out on + top.
* llevarse los problemas a casa = bring + problems home.
* llevarse una desilusión = be gutted, feel + gutted.
* llevarse un chasco = be gutted, feel + gutted, be disappointed.
* llevarse un palo = be gutted, feel + gutted.
* llevar sobre la espalda = carry on + Posesivo + shoulders.
* llevar sobre los hombros = carry on + Posesivo + shoulders.
* llevar tiempo = take + time, take + a while, take + long, absorb + time.
* llevar tiempo y esfuerzo = take + time and effort.
* llevar todas las de perder = odds + be stacked against, not have a leg to stand on.
* llevar una cruz = suffer from + curse.
* llevar una eternidad = take + ages (and ages).
* llevar una vida + Ajetivo = lead + an + Adjetivo + existence.
* llevar una vida arriesgada = live + dangerously, live + dangerously close to the edge.
* llevar una vida de perros = lead + a dog’s life.
* llevar una vida miserable = live + wretched existence.
* llevar un diario de trabajo = keep + diary.
* llevar un minuto = take + minute.
* llevar un negocio = conduct + a business.
* no llevar a ninguna parte = achieve + nothing.
* no llevar a ningún fin = beat + a dead horse, fart + in the wind.
* no llevar a ningún fin, ser un pérdida de tiempo = flog + a dead horse.
* no llevar a ningún sitio = go + nowhere.
* * *
1.
verbo transitivo
1)
¿qué llevas en el bolso? — what have you got in your bag?
2)
a) (guiar, conducir) to take
b) (impulsar, inducir) to lead
esto me lleva a pensar que… — this leads me to believe that…
¿qué la llevó a hacerlo? — what made her do it?
3) <ropa/perfume/reloj> to wear
una canción que lleva por título `Rencor’ — a song entitled `Rencor’
6)
no sé bailar — no importa, yo te llevo — I can’t dance — it doesn’t matter, I’ll lead
7) < vida> to lead
llevar una vida tranquila/muy ajetreada — to lead a quiet/very hectic life; (+ compl)
¿cómo lleva lo del divorcio? — lo lleva muy mal — how is she coping with the divorce? — she’s taking it very badly
(seguir, mantener)
¿llevas la cuenta de lo que te debo? — are you keeping track of what I owe you?
¿qué dirección llevaban? — which direction were they going in?
9)
b) (tener como ingrediente, componente)
¿qué lleva esta sopa? — what’s in this soup?
10) (aventajar, exceder en) (+ me/te/le etc)
11) (Esp) ( cobrar) to charge
2.
llevar las de ganar/de perder — to be likely to win/lose
3.
a) camino/carretera to go, lead
4.
1)
¿quién se llevó mi paraguas? — who took my umbrella?
b) <premio/dinero> to win
c) (quedarse con, comprar) to take
¿cuántos se quiere llevar? — how many would you like?
d) (Mat) to carry
9 y 9 son 18, me llevo una — 9 plus 9 is 18, carry one
3) <susto/regañina> to get
4)
* * *
llevar (puesto)
Ex: The camera hound of the future wears on his forehead a lump a little larger than a walnut.
= bear, bring, carry, lead, lug off, steer, engage, escort, lead + Pronombre + down the road to, take along, tote.
Ex: Examples of homographs are: bear (to carry, or an animal) and score (music, football or to cut).
Ex: Subject experts may bring a more informed and critical eye to document analysis.
Ex: Cable TV systems have now been introduced in the United States that have the technical ability to carry two-way signals.
Ex: A book index is an alphabetically arranged list of words or terms leading the reader to the numbers of pages on which specific topics are considered, or on which specific names appear.
Ex: The whole affair, assembled and compressed, could be lugged off in a moving van.
Ex: They decided that they had to set up information and referral services to steer people to the correct agency.
Ex: And literature is part of that essential human behavior; it engages us in pre-enactments and re-enactments.
Ex: Their work included escorting clients to other agencies.
Ex: When you’re crunched for time, take along snacks that pack a wallop, nutritionally speaking.
Ex: These bags are the best way to tote around your books, groceries, beach stuff, or even your puppy.
* agua + llevar = wash away.
* Algo que lleva mucho tiempo de hacer = time-consuming [time consuming].
* comida para llevar = takeaway meal, take-out meal, take-out.
* correr como alma que lleva el diablo = run for + Posesivo + life.
* cuando el río suena, agua lleva = there’s no smoke without fire, where there’s smoke there’s fire.
* dejarse llevar = become + carried away by, drift along, drift, coast along, go with + the flow, let + go, go along with + the flow.
* dejarse llevar fácilmente = be easily led.
* dejarse llevar (por) = fall + victim to, give + way (to).
* dejarse llevar por el instinto = fly by + the seat of + Posesivo + pants.
* dejarse llevar por el pánico = panic.
* dejarse llevar por la corriente = go with + the flow, go along with + the flow.
* el camino que lleva a = a/the doorway to.
* el llevar = carrying.
* el sendero que lleva a = a/the doorway to.
* encargado de llevar a cabo = implementor [implementer].
* encargado de llevar el marcador = scorer.
* flor para llevar en el ojal = boutonniere.
* la edad se lleva en el alma = you are as old as you feel.
* la senda que lleva a = a/the doorway to.
* llevando sobrepelliz = surpliced.
* llevar a = lead on to, lead up to, result (in), take + Nombre + back to, usher into.
* llevar a Algo a una nueva dimensión = take + Nombre + into a new dimension.
* llevar a Alguien a juicio = bring + lawsuit against + Alguien, take + legal action, take + legal proceedings.
* llevar a Alguien al límite = push + Alguien + over the edge, drive + Alguien + over the edge.
* llevar a buen término = bring to + a close.
* llevar a cabo = accomplish, carry out, conduct, execute, go about, implement, proceed, effect, realise [realize, -USA], transact, carry through, press forward (with).
* llevar a cabo actividades = conduct + business.
* llevar a cabo una acción = effect + execution.
* llevar a cabo una actividad = conduct + activity.
* llevar a cabo una actuación común = make + a concerted effort.
* llevar a cabo una iniciativa = take + initiative.
* llevar a cabo una misión = accomplish + mission.
* llevar a cabo una orden = execute + command.
* llevar a cabo una redada = swoop.
* llevar a cabo una serie de pasos anteriormente realizados = execute + steps.
* llevar a cabo un atraco = pull off + heist.
* llevar a cabo un proyecto = carry out + project, undertake + project, develop + project.
* llevar a cabo un robo = execute + theft, pull off + heist.
* llevar a casa = bring + home.
* llevar a conclusiones erróneas = mislead.
* llevar a confusión = lead to + confusion.
* llevar a cotas más altas = raise to + greater heights, take + Nombre + to greater heights.
* llevar adelante = go ahead with, carry on, carry out.
* llevar a engaño = be misleading, be deceiving.
* llevar a + Estado Emocional = send into + Estado Emocional.
* llevar a hablar de una cuestión = bring up + issue.
* llevar a hombros = carry + Nombre + shoulder-high.
* llevar a juicio = prosecute, sue, file + suit against, bring + a suit against, litigate, bring + criminal charges against, file + lawsuit against, take + Nombre + to court, bring + Nombre + to justice, put on + trial, try.
* llevar a la bancarrota = bankrupt.
* llevar a la conclusión = lead to + the conclusion.
* llevar a la ficción = fictionalise [fictionalize, -USA].
* llevar a la práctica = practise [practice, -USA], put into + practice, put into + practical effect, carry out, put into + effect.
* llevar a la práctica una decisión = implement + decision.
* llevar a la quiebra = bankrupt.
* llevar Algo/Alguien a = usher + Nombre + into.
* llevar Algo a sus últimas consecuencias = take + Nombre + to its ultimate conclusion.
* llevar Algo demasiado lejos = push + Nombre + too far.
* llevar Algo hasta el final = carry + Nombre + to the end.
* llevar al hospital con toda urgencia = rush + Nombre + to hospital.
* llevar al hospital de bulla y corriendo = rush + Nombre + to hospital.
* llevar al hospital urgentemente = rush + Nombre + to hospital.
* llevar al juzgado = take + Nombre + to court.
* llevar al límite = stretch.
* llevar a los tribunales = take + Nombre + to court.
* llevar al poder = bring + Nombre + to power.
* llevar aquí + Expresión Temporal = have been around + Expresión Temporal.
* llevar a remolque = take in + tow.
* llevar a tomar una decisión = lead (up) to + decision.
* llevar aún más lejos = take + one stage further, progress + one stage further, carry + one stage further, develop + one stage further, take + a step further, extend + one step further, carry + one step further, take + one step further.
* llevar camino de enfrentamiento con = be on a collision course with.
* llevar consigo = carry around.
* llevar el compás = beat + time.
* llevar el mando = rule + the roost.
* llevar el peso = undertake + burden.
* llevar el sello de = bear + the imprint of, bear + the mark(s) of, bear + the stamp of, bear + the hallmarks of, have + the hallmarks of.
* llevar el sello distintivo de = bear + the hallmarks of, have + the hallmarks of.
* llevar en autobús = bus.
* llevar en camión = truck.
* llevar en volandas = carry + Nombre + shoulder-high.
* llevar + Expresión Temporal = take + Expresión Temporal.
* llevar la antorcha = carry + the torch.
* llevar la batuta = call + the shots, be the boss, call + the tune, rule + the roost, set + the agenda.
* llevar la contraria = antagonise [antagonize, -USA].
* llevar la cuenta = tally.
* llevar la cuenta de = keep + track of.
* llevar la delantera = ahead of the game.
* llevar la impronta de = bear + the imprint of, bear + the mark(s) of, bear + the stamp of, bear + the hallmarks of, have + the hallmarks of.
* llevar la marca de = bear + the mark(s) of, bear + the stamp of, bear + the imprint of, bear + the hallmarks of, have + the hallmarks of.
* llevar la marca distintiva de = bear + the hallmarks of, have + the hallmarks of.
* llevar la montaña a Mahoma = bring + the mountain to Mohammed.
* llevar la responsabilidad de Algo = carry + the burden.
* llevar la voz cantante = call + the shots, be the boss, call + the tune, rule + the roost, set + the agenda.
* llevarle la corriente a Alguien = play along with.
* llevarlo bien = take it in + Posesivo + stride.
* llevar + Nombre + aún más lejos = take + Nombre + a/one step further/farther.
* llevar por el aire = waft.
* llevar por el camino de = lead + Pronombre + down the road to.
* llevar por el mal camino = lead + astray.
* llevar por mal camino = mislead.
* llevar (puesto) = wear.
* llevar puesto el cinturón de seguridad = wear + a seat belt.
* llevar razón = be right, be in the right.
* llevar ropa puesta = wear + clothing.
* llevar rumbo de colisión con = be on a collision course with.
* llevarse = take, take away, cream off, haul away, cart, make off with, take + Nombre + away, be in, get away with.
* llevarse a las mil maravillas con + Nombre = get on with + Nombre + swimmingly.
* llevarse a las mis maravillas = get along/on + like a house on fire.
* llevarse bien = get along, on good terms, hit it off.
* llevarse bien con Alguien = get on with + Pronombre Personal.
* llevarse el gato al agua = steal + the show, steal + the limelight, the nod + go to.
* llevarse el mérito = take + the credit (for).
* llevarse la fama = take + the credit (for).
* llevarse la palma = sweep + the board, steal + the limelight, steal + the show, take + the biscuit, take + the cake, come out on + top.
* llevárselo el viento = blow away.
* llevarse los problemas a casa = bring + problems home.
* llevarse una desilusión = be gutted, feel + gutted.
* llevarse una (gran) sorpresa = be in for a (big) surprise.
* llevarse un chasco = be gutted, feel + gutted, be disappointed.
* llevarse un palo = be gutted, feel + gutted.
* llevar sobre la espalda = carry on + Posesivo + shoulders.
* llevar sobre los hombros = carry on + Posesivo + shoulders.
* llevar tiempo = take + time, take + a while, take + long, absorb + time.
* llevar tiempo y esfuerzo = take + time and effort.
* llevar todas las de perder = odds + be stacked against, not have a leg to stand on.
* llevar una cruz = suffer from + curse.
* llevar una eternidad = take + ages (and ages).
* llevar una vida + Ajetivo = lead + an + Adjetivo + existence.
* llevar una vida arriesgada = live + dangerously, live + dangerously close to the edge.
* llevar una vida de perros = lead + a dog’s life.
* llevar una vida miserable = live + wretched existence.
* llevar un diario de trabajo = keep + diary.
* llevar un minuto = take + minute.
* llevar un negocio = conduct + a business.
* no llevar a ninguna parte = achieve + nothing.
* no llevar a ningún fin = beat + a dead horse, fart + in the wind.
* no llevar a ningún fin, ser un pérdida de tiempo = flog + a dead horse.
* no llevar a ningún sitio = go + nowhere.
* pasar llevando = take through.
* que se lleva gestando hace tiempo = long-simmering.
* viajar llevando un mochila = backpacking.
* * *
vt
A
¿qué llevas en el bolso que pesa tanto? what have you got in your bag that weighs so much?
[ S ] comida para llevar take out meals ( AmE), takeaway meals ( BrE)
2 ‹persona› to take
3
no llevo dinero encima or conmigo I don’t have any money on me
¿la señora ha decidido? — sí, llevo éste have you decided, madam? — yes, I’ll take o I’ll have this one
¿cuántos va a llevar? how many would you like?
B
1
2 (impulsar, inducir) to lead
¿qué puede llevar a una madre a hacer una cosa así? what could induce a mother to do such a thing?
C
1 ‹vestido/sombrero› to wear
no llevo reloj I’m not wearing a watch, I haven’t got a watch on
2
D
una canción que lleva por título `Rencor’ a song entitled `Rencor’
A
su padre lleva la tienda/el bar his father runs the shop/the bar
B
1 (conducir) ‹vehículo› to drive; ‹moto› to ride
¿quién llevaba el coche? who was driving the car?
2 ‹pareja›
(al bailar): no sé bailar — no importa, yo te llevo I can’t dance — it doesn’t matter, I’ll lead
C
1 ‹vida› to lead
(+ compl): lleva una vida normal/muy ajetreada he leads o has a normal life/very hectic life
¿cómo llevas lo del divorcio? how are you coping with the divorce?
¿qué tal lo llevas? ( fam); how are things? ( colloq)
2 ( Ven) ‹golpe/susto› to get
llevamos un susto grande cuando … we got a terrible fright when …
D
(seguir, mantener): llevar el ritmo or el compás to keep time
baila mal, no sabe llevar el compás he’s a bad dancer, he can’t keep in time to the music
¿estás llevando la cuenta de lo que te debo? are you keeping track of what I owe you?
¿qué rumbo llevan? what course are they on?
¿qué dirección llevaban? which direction were they going in o were they headed in?
A
1 (requerir, insumir) to take
2
(tener como ingrediente, componente): ¿qué lleva esta sopa? what’s in this soup?
B (aventajar, exceder en) (+ me/te/le etc):
■
¿llevas mucho rato aquí? have you been here long?
¿te desperté? — no, llevo horas levantada did I wake you? — no, I’ve been up for hours
llevar las de ganar/perder to be bound to win/lose
con el apoyo del jefe, llevas todas las de ganar if the boss is behind you, you’re bound to succeed
■ llevar
vi
1 «camino/carretera» to go, lead
¿adónde lleva este camino? where does this road go o lead?
A
¿quién se ha llevado mi paraguas? who’s taken my umbrella?
no te lleves el diccionario, lo necesito don’t take the dictionary (away), I need it
2 ‹dinero/premio› to win
3 (quedarse con, comprar) to take
¿cuántos se quiere llevar? how many would you like?
4 ( Mat) to carry
9 y 9 son 18, me llevo una 9 plus 9 is 18, carry one
5 ( Arg) ‹asignatura› to carry over
B
C ‹susto/regañina› to get
¡qué susto me llevé! what a fright I got!
D
* * *
llevar ( conjugate llevar) verbo transitivo
1
te lo llevaré cuando vaya I’ll bring it when I come;
¿qué llevas en la bolsa? what have you got in your bag?;
comida para llevar take out (AmE) o (BrE) takeaway meals
me llevó (en su coche) hasta la estación she gave me a lift to the station;
lo llevaba en brazos/de la mano she was carrying him in her arms/holding her hand
2
a) (guiar, conducir) to take;
esto no nos llevará a ninguna parte this won’t get us anywhere
b) (impulsar, inducir) to lead;
◊ esto me lleva a pensar que … this leads me to believe that …
3
a) ‹ropa/perfume/reloj› to wear
1 ( tener a su cargo) ‹negocio/tienda› to run;
‹ caso› to handle;
‹ contabilidad› to do
2 (esp Esp) ( conducir) ‹ vehículo› to drive;
‹ moto› to ride
3 ‹ vida› to lead;
¿cómo llevas el informe? how are you getting on with the report?
4 (seguir, mantener): llevar el ritmo or el compás to keep time;
¿qué dirección llevaban? which direction were they going in?
1
nos llevan un día de ventaja they have a one-day lead over us
2 (Esp) ( cobrar) to charge
llevar v aux:
lleva tres días sin comer he hasn’t eaten for three days;
el tren lleva una hora de retraso the train’s an hour late;
llevo revisada la mitad I’ve already checked half of it
verbo intransitivo [camino/carretera] to go, lead
llevarse verbo pronominal
1
¿quién se llevó mi paraguas? who took my umbrella?;
el agua se llevó las casas the water swept away the houses
b) ‹premio/dinero› to win
c) (quedarse con, comprar) to take;
◊ 9 y 9 son 18, me llevo una 9 plus 9 is 18, carry one
2 ‹susto/regañina› to get;
se llevó un buen recuerdo he left here with pleasant memories
3
4 ( hablando de modas) to be in fashion;
llevar verbo transitivo
1 to take: llévame a casa, take me home
(en dirección al oyente) te lo llevaré al trabajo, I’ll bring it to your work
2 (vestir) to wear: lleva el pelo suelto, she wears her hair down
3 (transportar) to carry: no llevo dinero encima, I don’t carry any money on me
4 (tolerar, sufrir) lleva muy mal la separación, she is taking the separation very badly
5 (una diferencia de edad) le lleva dos años a su hermana, he is two years older than his sister
6 (cobrar) me llevó dos mil pesetas por el arreglo, she charged me two thousand pesetas for the repairs
7 (necesitar) eso no lleva mucho trabajo, that doesn’t need much work
8 (tiempo) llevo dos horas esperando, I’ve been waiting for two hours
esto llevará un buen rato, this will take a long time
9 (un negocio, empresa) to be in charge of
(a una persona) to handle: te lleva por donde quiere, she does what she likes with you
♦ Locuciones: llevar adelante, to carry sthg through
llevar las de ganar/perder, to be on a winning/losing streak
La traducción más común es to take: ¿Adónde llevas eso?, Where are you taking that? Llévalo a la cocina. Take it to the kitchen. Sin embargo, tratándose de llevar algo hacia el oyente o el hablante, debes emplear el verbo to bring: Te lo llevaré mañana. I’ll bring it to you tomorrow. Te llevaré un regalo. I’ll bring you a present.
‘ llevar‘ also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acercar
— agitada
— agitado
— aire
— altar
— andar
— aparejada
— aparejado
— bajar
— batuta
— caballo
— cabo
— calzar
— calle
— cantante
— cargar
— cartera
— ciega
— ciego
— conducir
— costar
— dejarse
— delantera
— efectuar
— ejecutar
— escrita
— escrito
— garaje
— inducir
— juicio
— magistratura
— mal
— maquillarse
— operar
— pantalla
— pantalón
— perder
— preferir
— realizar
— sed
— sofoco
— subir
— traer
— transportar
— usar
— vestir
— voz
— anca
— andas
— arrastrar
English:
absorb
— accomplish
— account
— achieve
— ahead
— amulet
— astray
— authenticity
— band
— bankrupt
— bear
— blow
— boil
— bring
— carry
— carry about
— carry around
— carry away
— carry off
— carry on
— carry out
— coal
— conduct
— drag off
— drive
— effect
— fly
— follow through
— footpath
— forceful
— forever
— go through with
— hand-luggage
— handle
— haul up
— have
— have on
— have up
— hold
— hump
— implement
— inclination
— justice
— keep
— lead
— lead out
— lead to
— lead up to
— live
— lug
* * *
♦ vt
to take;
le llevé unos bombones al hospital I took her some chocolates at the hospital, I brought some chocolates for her to the hospital with me;
¿vas al colegio? ¡sube, que te llevo! are you going to school? get in, I’ll give you a lift ride;
¿para tomar aquí o para llevar? is it to eat in or to take away to go?;
to carry;
¿llevas rueda de recambio? have you got a spare wheel?;
to wear;
¿llevas reloj? have you got a watch on?, are you wearing a watch?;
do you wear a watch?;
to have;
¿qué lleva el daiquiri? what do you make a daiquiri with?
to take;
to be in charge of;
to look after, to run;
to handle;
to deal with;
to drive;
to ride;
to keep;
to deal cope with;
llevar algo bien/mal to deal cope with sth well/badly;
llevo bien lo de ir en tren todos los días, pero lo de madrugar… I can quite happily cope with catching the train every day, but as for getting up early…;
¿cómo lo llevas con el nuevo jefe? how are you getting on with your new boss?
lleva camino de ser famoso/rico he’s on the road to fame/riches;
llevar las de ganar/perder: el equipo local lleva las de ganar/perder the local team are favourites to win/lose;
en un juicio, llevamos las de ganar if the matter goes to court, we can expect to win;
no te enfrentes con él, que llevas las de perder don’t mess with him, you can’t hope to win
¿adónde nos lleva la ingeniería genética? where is all this genetic engineering going to end?;
¿qué pudo llevarle a cometer semejante crimen? what could have led caused him to commit such a crime?
me lleva dos centímetros/dos años he’s two centimetres taller/two years older than me
to take;
¿cuánto tiempo llevas aquí? how long have you been here?;
to charge;
¿qué te llevaron por la revisión del coche? how much what did they charge you for servicing the car?
to take;
¿lo envuelvo o lo lleva puesto? shall I wrap it up for you or do you want to keep it on?
♦ vi
♦ v aux
(antes de participio)
* * *
1 take;
4
:
¿te llevó dos horas hacer eso? it took you two hours to do that?
* * *
to take away, to carry
me gusta, me lo llevo: I like it, I’ll take it
to wear
to take, to lead
llevamos a Pedro al cine: we took Pedro to the movies
to lead
un problema lleva al otro: one problem leads to another
to have
llevo mucho tiempo buscándolo: I’ve been looking for it for a long time
lleva leído medio libro: he’s halfway through the book
* * *
llevarle a alguien… años to be… years older than somebody
Spanish-English dictionary > llevar
4
como
adv.
1 as.
2 as.
como te decía ayer… as I was telling you yesterday…
3 as.
5 like, as, such as, qua.
6 how, in which way.
7 some.
conj.
como no llegabas, nos fuimos as o since you didn’t arrive, we left
2 if (si). (peninsular Spanish)
como no me hagas caso, lo pasarás mal if you don’t listen to me, there will be trouble
prep.
1 like, as, just like, such as.
2 as to.
3 how to.
pres.indicat.
1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: comer.
* * *
■ como lo vuelvas a hacer… if you do it again…
como sea whatever happens, no matter what
como si nada / como si tal cosa as if nothing had happened
* * *
1.
conj.
1) as
3) if
4) since, given that
2.
prep.
as, like
* * *
1) like
2) such as
hay peces, como truchas y salmones — there are fish, such as trout and salmon
tiene ventajas, como son la resistencia y durabilidad — it has advantages, such as o like strength and durability
3)
a)
• tal como, tal como lo había planeado — just as o the way I had planned it
b)
4) as
5) about, around
6)
1) as, since
2) as
• tal (y) como están las cosas — the way things are, as things stand
tal como están los precios de las motos… — with motorbike prices as they are at the moment…
3) as soon as
4)
• de tanto como, tienen las manos doloridas de tanto como aplaudieron — they clapped so much their hands hurt
de tanto como odio a los dos, no sé a quien odio más — I hate them both so much, I don’t know which I hate the most
5) if
como vengas tarde, no comes — if you’re late you’ll get nothing to eat
como sea cierto, ¡estamos perdidos! — if it’s true, we’re done for!
¡como lo pierdas! — you’d better not lose it!, don’t you lose it!
• como no, como no lo haga en seguida… — if he doesn’t do it at once…, unless he does it at once…
no salimos, como no sea para ir al cine — we only go out if it’s to go to the cinema, we don’t go out unless it’s to go to the cinema
6)
¡como que yo soy tonto y me creo esas mentiras! — as if I was stupid enough to believe lies like that!
¡como que te van a pagar! — don’t tell me they’re going to pay you!
7)
• como si — as if, as though
siguió leyendo, como si no hubiera oído nada — he kept on reading, as if o as though he hadn’t heard
• como para, ¡es como para denunciarlos! — it’s enough to make you want to report them to the police!
a como dé o diera lugar — at any cost
así 1., 5), pronto 1., 4), querer 2., 1)
* * *
I
1)
el director tendrá como funciones… — the director’s duties will be…
se la conoce como `flor de luz’ — it’s known as `flor de luz’
2) (en comparaciones, contrastes) like
fue ella, como que me llamo Beatriz — it was her, as sure as my name’s Beatriz
como para + inf: es como para echarse a llorar it’s enough to make you want to cry; fue como para pegarle — I could have hit him
como él solo/ella sola: es egoísta como él solo he’s so o he’s incredibly selfish!; como mucho/poco at (the) most/at least; como nadie: cocina como nadie nobody cooks like her; como que…: conduce muy bien — como que es piloto de carreras he drives very well — well, he is a racing driver, after all; y no me lo dijiste — como que no lo sabía! and you didn’t tell me about it — that’s because I didn’t know about it!; como ser (CS) such as, for example; como si (+ subj) as if, as though; ella está grave y él como si nada or como si tal cosa — she’s seriously ill and he doesn’t seem at all o in the least worried
II
hazlo como quieras/como puedas — do it any way you like/as best as you can
la buganvilla, o como quiera que se llame — bougainvillea or whatever it’s called
como era temprano, nos fuimos a dar una vuelta — since o as it was early, we went for a walk
3) (si) (+ subj) if
como te pille… — if I catch you…
cansado como estaba, me ayudó — tired though o tired as he was, he helped me
III
adverbio
me da como vergüenza… — I find it kind of embarrassing…
* * *
= as, by way of, for the purpose of + Nombre, how, in the guise of, just as, like, qua, much as, as a kind of, as serving as, along the lines of, in + Posesivo + capacity as, such as, kind of like.
Ex. This scheme aims for a more helpful order than the major schemes, by following the groupings of subjects as they are taught in schools.
Ex. An annotation is a note added to the title and/or other bibliographic information concerning a document, by way of comment or explanation.
Ex. Inevitably any abridgement poses the dilemma how to abridge, that is, what to leave out and what to include.
Ex. Further, these indexers are probably so familiar with their subject area that, they whether in the guise of indexer or searcher, will profit little from any additional guides to relationships.
Ex. Just as Ivan finds that by taking pleasure in an extra piece of food he makes survival possible and beats Stalin and his jailors at heir own game.
Ex. Thus, the computer-held term record files are most suitable for applications like Selective Dissemination of Information (SDI) systems.
Ex. Such a concept came as a great surprise to many information educators who rather dismissively regarded the information qua information field of activity as being too limited.
Ex. More studies are needed to identify the full temporal effects of the personal computer, much as they did for television.
Ex. In a way, it is acting as a kind of bridge between the two, permitting traffic both ways where once there was a divide.
Ex. 45 libraries have been unofficially recognised by librarians as serving as model children’s libraries.
Ex. The author considers the possibility of a shift from libraries to personal information service along the lines of the shift that has occured from public to private transport.
Ex. Strange that so helpful and charming a person in his capacity as a librarian could behave so monstrously; but behave thus he did.
Ex. Indicative abstracts abound in phrases such as ‘is discussed’ or ‘has been surveyed’, but do not record the outcome of the discussion or survey.
Ex. It’s kind of like trumping in public — You simply do not do it!.
—-
* ¡cómo se nota que no está el jefe! = while the cat’s away, the mice will play.
* aducir como evidencia = adduce as + evidence.
* así como = as, as well as.
* así como… de igual modo… = just as… so….
* caer como moscas = drop like + flies.
* como anillo al dedo = just the ticket, the right twigs for an eagle’s nest, perfect fit, perfect match, that’s the ticket!.
* como cabe esperar = unsurprisingly, as one might expect, as expected.
* como cabría esperar = as might be expected, as one might expect.
* como consecuencia = on this basis, on that basis, in doing so, in consequence, in accordance.
* como consecuencia (de) = as a result (of), in the wake of, as a consequence (of).
* como cuando + Indicativo = as in + Gerundio.
* como de costumbre = as usual, as always, according to normal practice.
* como dice el dicho = as the saying goes, so the saying goes.
* como dice el refrán = as the saying goes, so the saying goes.
* como dos gotas de agua = as alike as two peas in a pod, like two peas in a pod.
* como ejemplo = as an example, by way of illustration.
* como el día y la noche = worlds apart, like oil and water, like chalk and cheese, like apples and oranges.
* como el perro del hortelano que ni come ni deja comer = a dog in the manger.
* como en el caso de = as with, just as for, as in the case of.
* como es de esperar = predictably, not surprisingly, as expected.
* como es el caso de = as it is with, as with.
* como grogui = drowsily, groggily.
* como la noche y el día = like oil and water, worlds apart, like chalk and cheese, like apples and oranges.
* como loco = like hell, like crazy, like mad, like a lunatic, like a madman.
* como mejor + poder = as best + Pronombre + can.
* como mínimo = at least, conservatively, at a minimum.
* como mucho = at best, at most, if at all, at the most, at the very latest.
* como muestra de + Posesivo + agradecimiento = as a token of + Posesivo + appreciation.
* como muestra de + Posesivo + gratitud = as a token of + Posesivo + gratitude.
* como norma = as a rule, as a matter of policy.
* como norma general = as a rule of thumb, as a general rule, as a general rule of thumb, as a rough guide.
* cómo nos las ingeniamos para… = how in the world….
* como nuevo = in mint condition, in tip-top condition, in tip-top form.
* como + ocurrir + en el caso de = as + be + the case for.
* como opuesto a = as distinct from, as opposed to.
* ¡como para creérselo! = Posesivo + famous last words.
* como por arte de magia = magically, into thin air.
* como por ejemplo = such as, to the effect of.
* como prueba de = as a token of, as a sign of.
* como prueba de + Posesivo + agradecimiento = as a token of + Posesivo + appreciation.
* como prueba de + Posesivo + gratitud = as a token of + Posesivo + gratitude.
* como pruebas = in evidence, in evidence.
* como quiera que + Verbo = however + Verbo.
* como respuesta a = in reply to, in response to.
* como resultado = in consequence, on this basis, on that basis, in doing so.
* como señal de + Posesivo + agradecimiento = as a token of + Posesivo + appreciation.
* como señal de + Posesivo + gratitud = as a token of + Posesivo + gratitude.
* cómo + ser = what + be like.
* como símbolo de = as a token of, as a sign of.
* como si nada = be right as rain, unfazed.
* como si se + Pronombre + hubiera tragado la tierra = into thin air.
* como si (se tratase de) = as if.
* como si tal cosa = be right as rain, unfazed, just like that.
* como tal = as such, in this capacity, qua.
* como último recurso = as a last resort, in the last resort.
* como una balsa de aceite = like a millpond, calm like a millpond.
* como una cabra = stark raving mad, raving mad.
* como un cencerro = barking mad, raving mad, stark raving mad.
* como un condenado = like the clappers, like crazy, like mad, like a lunatic, like a madman, as one possessed.
* como un descosido = like a lunatic, like a madman, as one possessed.
* como un detective = detectivelike, sleuthlike.
* como un loco = like crazy, like mad, like a lunatic, madly, like a madman.
* como un observador que pasa desapercibido = fly-on-the-wall, fly-on-the-wall.
* como un relámpago = like greased lightning, like the clappers.
* como un reloj = as regular as clockwork, like clockwork.
* como un tonto = stupidly, foolishly.
* como + Voz Pasiva = as + Participio Pasado.
* como y cuando sea + Adjetivo = as + Adjetivo.
* comportarse como se espera = be a sport.
* con el mismo + Nombre + como el que… = as + Adverbio + as….
* el problema no es el qué, sino el cómo = the devil (is/lives) in the details.
* llegar a ser conocido como = become + known as.
* mantenerse como válido = hold up.
* nada menos que + Nombre + tan + Adjetivo + como = no less + Adjetivo + Nombre + than.
* no + haber + nada como = there + be + nothing like.
* ofrecerse como voluntario = volunteer.
* proponer como principio = posit.
* sea como sea = be that as it may, at all costs, at any cost.
* seleccionar como relevante = hit.
* tal como = such as, such + Nombre + as, just as.
* tal y como aparece = as it/they stand(s).
* tal y como es/son = as it/they stand(s).
* tal y como + ser = in + Posesivo + true colours.
* tan + Adjetivo + como = as + Adjetivo + as, every bit as + Adjetivo + as.
* tan + Adjetivo + como de costumbre = as + Adjetivo + as ever.
* tan + Adjetivo + como siempre = as + Adjetivo + as ever.
* tan pronto como = as soon as, just as soon as, no sooner… than.
* tanto como = as many… as…, as much as + Adjetivo, both… and…, no less than, equally, if not, so much as.
* tener como equivalente = have + counterpart.
* tener como motivo central = plan around + Nombre.
* tener como objetivo = have + as + Posesivo + objective.
* tomar como ejemplo = take.
* * *
I
1)
el director tendrá como funciones… — the director’s duties will be…
se la conoce como `flor de luz’ — it’s known as `flor de luz’
2) (en comparaciones, contrastes) like
fue ella, como que me llamo Beatriz — it was her, as sure as my name’s Beatriz
como para + inf: es como para echarse a llorar it’s enough to make you want to cry; fue como para pegarle — I could have hit him
como él solo/ella sola: es egoísta como él solo he’s so o he’s incredibly selfish!; como mucho/poco at (the) most/at least; como nadie: cocina como nadie nobody cooks like her; como que…: conduce muy bien — como que es piloto de carreras he drives very well — well, he is a racing driver, after all; y no me lo dijiste — como que no lo sabía! and you didn’t tell me about it — that’s because I didn’t know about it!; como ser (CS) such as, for example; como si (+ subj) as if, as though; ella está grave y él como si nada or como si tal cosa — she’s seriously ill and he doesn’t seem at all o in the least worried
II
hazlo como quieras/como puedas — do it any way you like/as best as you can
la buganvilla, o como quiera que se llame — bougainvillea or whatever it’s called
como era temprano, nos fuimos a dar una vuelta — since o as it was early, we went for a walk
3) (si) (+ subj) if
como te pille… — if I catch you…
cansado como estaba, me ayudó — tired though o tired as he was, he helped me
III
adverbio
me da como vergüenza… — I find it kind of embarrassing…
* * *
= as, by way of, for the purpose of + Nombre, how, in the guise of, just as, like, qua, much as, as a kind of, as serving as, along the lines of, in + Posesivo + capacity as, such as, kind of like.
Ex: This scheme aims for a more helpful order than the major schemes, by following the groupings of subjects as they are taught in schools.
Ex: An annotation is a note added to the title and/or other bibliographic information concerning a document, by way of comment or explanation.
Ex: Inevitably any abridgement poses the dilemma how to abridge, that is, what to leave out and what to include.
Ex: Further, these indexers are probably so familiar with their subject area that, they whether in the guise of indexer or searcher, will profit little from any additional guides to relationships.
Ex: Just as Ivan finds that by taking pleasure in an extra piece of food he makes survival possible and beats Stalin and his jailors at heir own game.
Ex: Thus, the computer-held term record files are most suitable for applications like Selective Dissemination of Information (SDI) systems.
Ex: Such a concept came as a great surprise to many information educators who rather dismissively regarded the information qua information field of activity as being too limited.
Ex: More studies are needed to identify the full temporal effects of the personal computer, much as they did for television.
Ex: In a way, it is acting as a kind of bridge between the two, permitting traffic both ways where once there was a divide.
Ex: 45 libraries have been unofficially recognised by librarians as serving as model children’s libraries.
Ex: The author considers the possibility of a shift from libraries to personal information service along the lines of the shift that has occured from public to private transport.
Ex: Strange that so helpful and charming a person in his capacity as a librarian could behave so monstrously; but behave thus he did.
Ex: Indicative abstracts abound in phrases such as ‘is discussed’ or ‘has been surveyed’, but do not record the outcome of the discussion or survey.
Ex: It’s kind of like trumping in public — You simply do not do it!.
* ¡cómo se nota que no está el jefe! = while the cat’s away, the mice will play.
* aducir como evidencia = adduce as + evidence.
* algo así como = something like.
* añádase cómo = expand like.
* así como = as, as well as.
* así como así = just like that.
* así como… de igual modo… = just as… so….
* así es como = this is how.
* así es como es = that’s how it is.
* caer como moscas = drop like + flies.
* como aclaración = in parenthesis.
* como algo natural = as a matter of course.
* como algo normal = as a matter of course.
* como algo opuesto a = as against.
* como algo residual = residually.
* como alternativa = as an alternative.
* como anillo al dedo = just the ticket, the right twigs for an eagle’s nest, perfect fit, perfect match, that’s the ticket!.
* como antes = as before.
* como apoyo a = in support of.
* como barcos que se cruzan (en la noche) = like passing ships (in the night).
* como barcos que se cruzan (en la oscuridad) = like passing ships (in the night).
* como base para = as a basis for.
* como cabe esperar = unsurprisingly, as one might expect, as expected.
* como cabía esperar = as expected.
* como cabría esperar = as might be expected, as one might expect.
* como cabría suponer = as might be expected.
* como consecuencia = on this basis, on that basis, in doing so, in consequence, in accordance.
* como consecuencia (de) = as a result (of), in the wake of, as a consequence (of).
* cómo conseguir = obtainability.
* como con todo en la vida = as with everything in life.
* como contrapartida = in return.
* como cooperativa = collegially.
* como corresponde = fittingly.
* como corresponde a = as befits.
* como cuando + Indicativo = as in + Gerundio.
* como de costumbre = as usual, as always, according to normal practice.
* cómo demonios = how on earth.
* como dice el dicho = as the saying goes, so the saying goes.
* como dice el refrán = as the saying goes, so the saying goes.
* como diferente a = as distinct from.
* cómo disponer de (algo) = disposition.
* como dos gotas de agua = as alike as two peas in a pod, like two peas in a pod.
* como ejemplo = as an example, by way of illustration.
* como el cuero = leathery.
* como el desierto = desert-like.
* como el día y la noche = worlds apart, like oil and water, like chalk and cheese, like apples and oranges.
* como el fuego = like wildfire.
* como el perro del hortelano que ni come ni deja comer = a dog in the manger.
* como en casa = like home (away) from home.
* como en casa no se está en ningún sitio = there’s no place like home.
* como en el caso de = as with, just as for, as in the case of.
* como era de esperar = as expected.
* como es debido = fittingly.
* como es de esperar = predictably, not surprisingly, as expected.
* como es el caso de = as it is with, as with.
* como es habitual = as always.
* como es natural = not unnaturally.
* como es normal = as always.
* como esto = like this.
* como fecha final = at the very latest.
* como forma de vida = as a way of life.
* como grogui = drowsily, groggily.
* como grupo = collectively.
* como guía = for guidance.
* como la noche y el día = like oil and water, worlds apart, like chalk and cheese, like apples and oranges.
* como la pólvora = like wildfire.
* como las ardillas = squirrel-like.
* como las empresas = business-like.
* como loca = like a madwoman.
* como loco = like hell, like crazy, like mad, like a lunatic, like a madman.
* como medida de seguridad = as a backup.
* como medida provisional = as an interim measure.
* como medida temporal = as an interim measure.
* como medida transitoria = as an interim measure.
* como mejor + poder = as best + Pronombre + can.
* como mínimo = at least, conservatively, at a minimum.
* como mínimo hasta que = minimally until.
* como mucho = at best, at most, if at all, at the most, at the very latest.
* como muestra de agradecimiento = as a token of thanks.
* como muestra de + Posesivo + agradecimiento = as a token of + Posesivo + appreciation.
* como muestra de + Posesivo + gratitud = as a token of + Posesivo + gratitude.
* como muy tarde = at the latest.
* como norma = as a rule, as a matter of policy.
* como norma general = as a rule of thumb, as a general rule, as a general rule of thumb, as a rough guide.
* cómo nos las ingeniamos para… = how in the world….
* como nota al margen = on a sidenote.
* como nuevo = in mint condition, in tip-top condition, in tip-top form.
* como ocurre en estos casos = as is the way with these things.
* como + ocurrir + en el caso de = as + be + the case for.
* como opuesto a = as distinct from, as opposed to.
* como otra posibilidad = as an alternative.
* ¡como para creérselo! = Posesivo + famous last words.
* como parásito = parasitically.
* como persona que = as one who.
* como pez fuera del agua = like a fish out of water.
* como polo opuesto = by polar contrast.
* como por arte de magia = magically, into thin air.
* como por ejemplo = such as, to the effect of.
* como por encanto = magically.
* como poseído = as one possessed.
* como preámbulo de = as a preamble to.
* como primera elección = as a first preference.
* como prueba de = as a token of, as a sign of.
* como prueba de agradecimiento = as a token of thanks.
* como prueba de + Posesivo + agradecimiento = as a token of + Posesivo + appreciation.
* como prueba de + Posesivo + gratitud = as a token of + Posesivo + gratitude.
* como pruebas = in evidence, in evidence.
* como quiera que + Verbo = however + Verbo.
* como quieras llamarlo = whatever you call it.
* como reconocimiento a = in recognition of.
* como respuesta a = in reply to, in response to.
* como resultado = in consequence, on this basis, on that basis, in doing so.
* como resultado (de) = as a consequence (of).
* como salido de fábrica = in mint condition.
* como segunda alternativa = as a backup.
* como se indicó en = as was pointed out in.
* como señal de agradecimiento = as a token of thanks.
* como señal de + Posesivo + agradecimiento = as a token of + Posesivo + appreciation.
* como señal de + Posesivo + gratitud = as a token of + Posesivo + gratitude.
* cómo + ser = what + be like.
* como si = as though.
* como si dijéramos = as it were.
* como siempre = as always.
* como si fuese = as it were.
* como siga así = at this rate.
* como sigue = as follows.
* como símbolo de = as a token of, as a sign of.
* como si nada = be right as rain, unfazed.
* como si no hubiera mañana = like there’s no tomorrow.
* como si + Pronombre + fuese la vida en ello = like there’s no tomorrow.
* como si se acabara el mundo = like there’s no tomorrow.
* como si se fuese a acabar el mundo = like there’s no tomorrow.
* como si se + Pronombre + hubiera tragado la tierra = into thin air.
* como si (se tratase de) = as if.
* como si tal cosa = be right as rain, unfazed, just like that.
* como sustituto de = in place of.
* como tal = as such, in this capacity, qua.
* como término medio = on average.
* como todo un caballero = sportingly.
* como último recurso = as a last resort, in the last resort.
* como una aguja en un pajar = like a needle in a haystack.
* como una balsa de aceite = like a millpond, calm like a millpond.
* como una cabra = stark raving mad, raving mad.
* como una cebolla = onion-like.
* como una condenada = like a madwoman.
* como una descosida = like a madwoman.
* como una forma de = as a means of.
* como una metralladora = quick-fire.
* como un basilisco = like a bear with a sore head.
* como un bobo = stupidly.
* como un bólido = like the clappers.
* como un campo de batalla = like a war zone.
* como un cencerro = barking mad, raving mad, stark raving mad.
* como un condenado = like the clappers, like crazy, like mad, like a lunatic, like a madman, as one possessed.
* como un descosido = like a lunatic, like a madman, as one possessed.
* como un detective = detectivelike, sleuthlike.
* como un elefante en una cacharrería = like an elephant in a china shop.
* como un energúmeno = like a bear with a sore head.
* como un estúpido = stupidly.
* como un experto = expertly.
* como un glaciar = glacially.
* como unidad global = as a whole.
* como un idiota = stupidly.
* como un loca = like a madwoman.
* como un loco = like crazy, like mad, like a lunatic, madly, like a madman.
* como un método para = as a means of.
* como un modo de = as a way of.
* como un necio = stupidly.
* como un observador que pasa desapercibido = fly-on-the-wall, fly-on-the-wall.
* cómo uno se identifica a sí mismo = self-identification.
* como un platillo = saucer-like.
* como un poseído = as one possessed.
* como un rayo = in a flash.
* como un reguero de pólvora = like wildfire.
* como un relámpago = like greased lightning, like the clappers.
* como un reloj = as regular as clockwork, like clockwork.
* como un televisor = television-type.
* como un todo = as a whole.
* como un tonto = stupidly, foolishly.
* como un torpe = foolishly.
* como un zombi = zombielike.
* como vivir en un escaparate = like being in a (gold)fish bowl.
* como + Voz Pasiva = as + Participio Pasado.
* como y cuando = as and when.
* como y cuando sea + Adjetivo = as + Adjetivo.
* comportarse como se espera = be a sport.
* con el mismo + Nombre + como el que… = as + Adverbio + as….
* conocerse como = be known as.
* dar como resultado = result (in).
* de cómo = as to how.
* durante tanto tiempo como sea posible = for as long as possible.
* el modo como = the way in which.
* el problema no es el qué, sino el cómo = the devil (is/lives) in the details.
* frase como encabezamiento = phrase heading.
* llegar a ser conocido como = become + known as.
* mantenerse como válido = hold up.
* nada menos que + Nombre + tan + Adjetivo + como = no less + Adjetivo + Nombre + than.
* no + haber + nada como = there + be + nothing like.
* ofrecerse como voluntario = volunteer.
* para colmo = on top of everything else.
* plan de cómo disponer de Algo = disposition instruction.
* proponer como principio = posit.
* sea como sea = be that as it may, at all costs, at any cost.
* seleccionar como relevante = hit.
* ser como hablar con la pared = be like talking to a brick wall.
* ser tan buen momento como cualquier otro = be as good a time as any.
* ser un momento tan bueno como cualquier otro = be as good a time as any.
* tal como = such as, such + Nombre + as, just as.
* tal y como aparece = as it/they stand(s).
* tal y como es/son = as it/they stand(s).
* tal y como + ser = in + Posesivo + true colours.
* tan + Adjetivo + como = as + Adjetivo + as, every bit as + Adjetivo + as.
* tan + Adjetivo + como de costumbre = as + Adjetivo + as ever.
* tan + Adjetivo + como siempre = as + Adjetivo + as ever.
* tan pronto como = as soon as, just as soon as, no sooner… than.
* tan pronto como sea posible = as soon as possible (asap).
* tanto como = as many… as…, as much as + Adjetivo, both… and…, no less than, equally, if not, so much as.
* tanto como siempre = as much as ever.
* tener como equivalente = have + counterpart.
* tener como motivo central = plan around + Nombre.
* tener como objetivo = have + as + Posesivo + objective.
* tomar como ejemplo = take.
* un poco como = kind of like.
* * *
A
el director tendrá como funciones … the director’s duties will be …
la flor conocida allí como `Santa Rita’ the flower known there as `Santa Rita’
B (en comparaciones, contrastes) like
fue ella, como que me llamo Beatriz it was her, as sure as my name’s Beatriz
¡no hay nada como un buen coñac! there’s nothing like a good brandy!
era verde, un verde como el de la alfombra de la oficina it was green, the color of the office carpet
como PARA + INF:
por esto, así como por muchas otras razones because of this, and for many other reasons as well o as well as for many other reasons
sus abundantes recursos naturales, así como su importancia estratégica its abundant natural resources, together with o as well as its strategic importance
le voy a decir cuatro cosas — sí, sí, como que te vas a atrever … I’m going to give him a piece of my mind — oh, yes? I’ll believe that when I see it
y no me lo dijiste — ¡como que no sabía nada! and you didn’t tell me about it — that’s because I didn’t know anything about it myself!
como ser (CS); such as, for example, like
como si (+ subj) as if, as though
ella está grave y él como si nada or como si tal cosa she’s seriously ill and he doesn’t seem at all worried o he behaves as if it’s nothing (to worry about)
él como si nada or como si tal cosa, ni se inmutó he just stood there without batting an eyelid
no me gustó el modo or la manera como lo dijo I didn’t like the way she said it
llegó temprano, tal como había prometido he arrived early, just as he had promised
ganó Raúl, como era de esperar Raúl won, as was to be expected
la buganvilla, o como quiera que se llame bougainvillea or whatever it’s called
como quiera que sea, ellos se llevaron la copa anyway, the point is they won the cup
como todavía era temprano, nos fuimos a dar una vuelta since o as it was still early, we went for a walk, it was still early so we went for a walk
C (+ subj) (si) if
D
(en oraciones concesivas): cansado como estaba, se ofreció a ayudarme tired though o tired as he was, he offered to help me
joven como es, tiene más sentido común que tú he may be young but he has more common sense than you
E
es que me da como vergüenza … I find it kind of embarrassing …
* * *
Del verbo comer: ( conjugate comer)
como es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
Multiple Entries:
algo como
comer
como
cómo
comer ( conjugate comer) verbo intransitivo
este niño no me come nada (fam) this child won’t eat anything (colloq);
dar(le) de cómo a algn (en la boca) to spoonfeed sb;
darle de cómo al gato/al niño to feed the cat/the kid;
salir a cómo (fuera) to go out for a meal, to eat out;
¿qué hay de cómo? ( a mediodía) what’s for lunch?;
( por la noche) what’s for dinner o supper?
verbo transitivo
a) ‹fruta/verdura/carne› to eat;
no tienen qué cómo they don’t have anything to eat
c) (en ajedrez, damas) to take
comerse verbo pronominal
1
‹línea/párrafo› to miss out
‹ palabra› to swallow
2 ( enf) ‹ comida› to eat;
cómose las uñas to bite one’s nails
3 (fam) ( hacer desaparecer)
[polilla/ratón] to eat away (at)
como preposición
◊ se la conoce cómo `flor de luz’ it’s known as `flor de luz’
c) (en comparaciones, contrastes) like;
¡no hay nada cómo un buen coñac! there’s nothing like a good brandy!;
es cómo para echarse a llorar it’s enough to make you want to cry
como mucho/poco at (the) most/at least;
como ser (CS) such as, for example;
como si (+ subj) as if, as though
■ conjunción
cómo era de esperar as was to be expected;
no me gustó cómo lo dijo I didn’t like the way she said it;
(tal y) cómo están las cosas as things stand;
hazlo cómo quieras/cómo mejor puedas do it any way you like/as best as you can;
no voy — cómo quieras I’m not going — please yourself
◊ cómo era temprano, fui a dar una vuelta as it was early, I went for a walk
c) (si) (+ subj) if;
◊ cómo te pille … if I catch you …
■ adverbio ( expresando aproximación) about;
un sabor cómo a almendras a kind of almondy taste
cómo adverbio
¿cómo es tu novia? what’s your girlfriend like?;
¿cómo es de grande? how big is it?;
¿cómo te llamas? what’s your name?
◊ ¿cómo dijo? sorry, what did you say?
¡cómo comes! the amount you eat!;
¡cómo! ¿no te lo han dicho? what! haven’t they told you?
¿a cómo estamos hoy? (AmL) what’s the date today?;
¡cómo no! of course!;
¿cómo que …?: ¿cómo que no fuiste tú? what do you mean it wasn’t you?;
aquí no está — ¿cómo que no? it isn’t here — what do you mean it isn’t there?
comer
I verbo transitivo
1 to eat
2 (en el parchís, etc) to take
3 (estrechar) ese corte de pelo te come la cara, that haircut makes your face look thinner
ese mueble te come mucho salón, that piece of furniture makes your living room look smaller
II verbo intransitivo to eat: hay que darle de comer al perro, we have to feed the dog
♦ Locuciones: familiar comer como una lima, to eat like a horse
familiar comer el coco/tarro a alguien, to brainwash somebody
sin comerlo ni beberlo, le pusieron una sanción, although he has nothing to do with it, he was disciplined
como
I adverbio
1 (manera) how: hazlo como quieras, do it however you like
me gusta como habla, I like the way he speaks
2 (semejanza, equivalencia) as: es como tú, he’s just like you
terco como una mula, as stubborn as a mule
3 (conformidad) as: como estaba diciendo…, as I was saying…
como indica el prospecto, as the instructions say
4 (aproximadamente) about
como a la mitad de camino, more or less halfway
como unos treinta, about thirty
II conj
1 como [+ subj], (si) if: como no comas, no vas al cine, if you don’t eat, you won’t go to the cinema
2 (porque) as, since
como llamó tan tarde, ya no me encontró, as he phoned so late, he didn’t find me in
3 como si, as if
como si nada o tal cosa, as if nothing had happened
familiar como si lo viera, I can just imagine it
III prep (en calidad de) as: lo aconsejé como amigo, I advised him as a friend
visitó el museo como experto, she visited the museum as an expert
¿As, like o how?
As se usa para hablar de la función, uso, papel o trabajo de una persona o cosa (trabajó como camarera durante las vacaciones, she worked as a waitress during the holidays) o para comparar dos acciones o situaciones y expresar su similitud. En este caso es necesario disponer de un verbo: Entró de botones, como lo había hecho su padre veinte años antes. He entered as an office-boy, as his father had twenty years before.
Cuando como va seguido de un sustantivo o pronombre también puedes usar like para comparar dos acciones o situaciones: Es como su padre. He’s just like his father. Sin embargo, si va seguido de una preposición, hay que usar as: En marzo, como en abril, llovió. In March, as in April, it rained.
Nunca debes usar how en comparaciones, porque sólo expresa la manera de hacer las cosas: ¿Cómo lo hiciste?, How did you do it?
cómo adverbio
1 (interrogativo) how: ¿cómo es de alto?, how high is it?
¿cómo estás?, how are you?
¿cómo se hace?, how is it made?
2 (cuánto) ¿a cómo están los plátanos?, how much are the bananas?
3 (por qué) ¿cómo es que no nos avisaste?, why didn’t you warn us?
familiar ¿cómo es eso?, how come?
4 (cuando no se ha oído bien) ¿cómo?, what?
5 (exclamativo) how
¡cómo ha cambiado!, how she’s changed!
♦ Locuciones: cómo no, of course
‘ cómo‘ also found in these entries:
Spanish:
aburrirse
— acabada
— acabado
— acondicionar
— acreditar
— actuar
— adiós
— alma
— alquilar
— alta
— alto
— amable
— andar
— apear
— apenas
— aprendizaje
— arreglarse
— arte
— así
— atizar
— atonía
— baja
— bajo
— bala
— balsa
— bañera
— bastante
— beber
— bestia
— borrega
— borrego
— botija
— buenamente
— cabra
— cada
— caracterización
— casa
— cencerro
— cerrarse
— cesar
— chinche
— cielo
— coco
— coletilla
— colorada
— colorado
— comer
— como
— como quiera
— comoquiera
English:
ablaze
— above
— abroad
— acclaim
— accordingly
— act
— address
— alternatively
— always
— arouse
— as
— ashen
— attractive
— awaken
— away
— back
— barrage
— bash out
— be
— beaver away
— best
— bicker
— big
— black
— blind
— bolt
— bombshell
— bone
— border
— bored
— both
— break
— breed
— brownout
— by-product
— cake
— calculate
— care
— chalk
— champagne
— change
— charm
— cheer
— churn out
— class
— climax
— clown around
— coin
— colour
— come about
* * *
* * *
1 as;
:
3
:
1 if;
como no llegó, me fui solo as since she didn’t arrive, I went by myself
3
:
* * *
how
¿cómo estás?: how are you?
¿a cómo están las manzanas?: how much are the apples?
¿cómo?: excuse me?, what was that?
¿se puede? ¡cómo no!: may I? please do!
around, about
cuesta como 500 pesos: it costs around 500 pesos
kind of, like
tengo como mareos: I’m kind of dizzy
how, as
hazlo como dijiste que lo harías: do it the way you said you would
since, given that
como estaba lloviendo, no salí: since it was raining, I didn’t go out
if
como lo vuelva a hacer lo arrestarán: if he does that again he’ll be arrested
like, as
ligero como una pluma: light as a feather
* * *
algunas aves, como el pingüino, no vuelan some birds, like penguins, can’t fly
como sea at all costs / no matter what
como hacía sol, nos fuimos a la playa as it was sunny, we went to the beach
como llegues tarde, te quedarás sin pastel if you’re late, you won’t get any cake
Spanish-English dictionary > como
5
poner
v.
1 to put.
2 to give, to set (asignar) (tarea, examen).
3 to switch or put on (conectar) (televisión, radio).
4 to send (comunicar) (telegrama, fax).
5 to show (Cine, Teatro & TV).
¿qué ponen en la tele? what’s on the telly?
6 to set up.
7 to do up.
8 to put in.
poner algo de mi/tu/etc. parte to do my/your/etc bit
9 to suppose.
10 to say (decir). (peninsular Spanish)
¿qué pone ahí? what does it say?
11 to lay (eggs) (ave).
12 to make, to render, to turn, to get.
13 to apply, to put on.
14 to lay eggs, to lay.
15 to say about.
* * *
Present Indicative
pongo, pones, pone, ponemos, ponéis, ponen.
Past Indicative
Future Indicative
Conditional
Present Subjunctive
Imperfect Subjunctive
Future Subjunctive
Imperative
Past Participle
puesto,-a.
* * *
verb
4) set up, establish
6) switch on, put on
•
— ponerse
* * *
Para las expresiones poner cuidado, poner en duda, poner por las nubes, poner a parir, poner como un trapo, poner verde, poner de vuelta y media, poner por testigo, ponerse por delante, ver la otra entrada.
1) to put
¿dónde pongo mis cosas? — where shall I put my things?
• poner algo [aparte] — to put sth aside, put sth to one side
• ponlo en su [sitio] — put it back
2) to put on
3) to add
ponle más sal — add some salt, put some more salt in it
4) to put
5)
• poner la [mesa] — to lay {o} set the table
6)
a) to put in
b) to open; to furnish
7)
to put on, turn on; to put on, play
¿pongo música? — shall I put some music on?
9) to set
• poner el reloj [en hora] — to put one’s watch right
• ponlo [más alto] — turn it up
10)
¿por qué pones esa voz tan tonta? — why are you speaking in that silly voice?
• ¡no pongas esa [cara]! — don’t look at me like that!
11) to make
¡cómo te han puesto! — look what a mess you are!; they’ve given you a right thumping!
12)
¿qué te pongo? — what can I get you?, what would you like?
¿me pones más patatas? — could I have some more potatoes?
13) to put through
¿me pone con el Sr. García, por favor? — could you put me through to Mr García, please?
14)
¿qué ponen en el cine? — what’s on at the cinema?
¿ponen alguna película esta noche? — is there a film on tonight?
15) to send
16) to put
¿qué pongo en la carta? — what shall I put in the letter?
¿te has acordado de poner el remite? — did you remember to put the return address on it?
17) to say
¿qué pone aquí? — what does it say here?
18) to give, set
• me han puesto una [multa] — I’ve been fined, I’ve been given a fine
19) to raise
• le pone [peros] a todo — he’s always finding fault with everything
20)
21) to put in
22)
23) to call
¿qué nombre {o} cómo le van a poner? — what are they going to call him?, what name are they giving him?
24)
• te puso muy [bien] ante el jefe — she was very nice about you to the boss
• ¡[cómo] te han puesto! — they had a real go at you!; they were really nice about you!
• tu cuñada te ha puesto muy [mal] — your sister-in-law was very nasty about you
25)
• poner a algn [de], la han puesto de idiota para arriba — they called her an idiot and worse
26)
• pongamos [que] ganas la lotería — suppose {o} supposing you win the lottery
poniendo que… — supposing that…
27)
28)
• poner a Juan [bien] con Pedro — to make things up between Juan and Pedro
• poner a Juan [mal] con Pedro — to make Juan fall out with Pedro, cause a rift between Juan and Pedro
29)
• poner a algn [de], puso a su hija de sirvienta — she got her daughter a job as a servant
30)
31) to lay
1) to lay (eggs)
2)
3.
See:
* * *
1.
verbo transitivo
1)
b) <anuncio/aviso> to place, put
¿cuándo se le pone el agua? — when do you put the water in?, when do you add the water?
¿le pones azúcar al café? — do you take sugar in your coffee?
3) <ropa/calzado> (+ me/te/le etc)
¿me pones los zapatos? — can you put my shoes on (for me)?
4) <inyección/supositorio> to give
5)
6)
a) (instalar, montar) <oficina/restaurante> to open
b) <cocina/teléfono/calefacción> to install
c) cerradura/armario to fit
(Esp) (servir, dar)
¿qué le pongo? — what can I get you?
póngame un café, por favor — I’ll have a coffee, please
¿cuántos le pongo? — how many would you like?
9)
10) < atención> to pay; <cuidado/interés> to take
11)
a) ( imponer) < deberes> to give, set; <examen/problema> to set
¿qué nota te puso? — what mark did he give you?
12) ( dar) <nombre/apodo> to give; < ejemplo> to give
¿qué título le pusiste? — what title did you give it?
le pusieron el apodo de `el cojo’ — they nicknamed him `el cojo’
16) (Esp) (exhibir, dar) <obra/película>
¿ponen algo interesante en la tele? — is there anything interesting on TV?
¿qué ponen en el Royal? — what’s on o what’s showing at the Royal?
17) (RPl) ( tardar) to take
18) (en estado, situación) (+ compl)
20)
poner a alguien a + inf: puso a las hijas a trabajar he sent his daughters out to work; lo puse a hacer los deberes — I made him do his homework
b)
poner a alguien de algo: la pusieron de jefa de sección they made her head of department; lo pusieron de ángel he was given the part of an angel; siempre te pone de ejemplo — he always holds you up as an example
pon que perdemos ese tren… — say we miss that train o if we (were to) miss that train…
¿cuánto se tarda? — ponle dos horas — how long does it take? — about two hours o reckon on two hours
22)
a) (conectar, encender) <televisión/calefacción> to turn on, switch on, put on; <programa/canal> to put on; < disco> to put on
b) (ajustar, graduar)
poner a alguien con algo/alguien — to put somebody through to something/somebody
¿me pone con la extensión 24? — could you put me through to extension 24, please?
2.
3.
2)
ponte ahí, junto al árbol — stand over there, by the tree
se me/le puso que… — (AmS fam) I/he had a feeling that… (colloq)
se le pone cada cosa… — he gets the strangest ideas into his head
3) sol to set
4) (refl) <calzado/maquillaje/alhaja> to put on
5) (en estado, situación) (+ compl)
6)
ponerse a + inf — to start -ing, to start + inf
¿Pepe? sí, ahora se pone — Pepe? OK, I’ll just get him for you
* * *
= affix, fit, put, set, lay, set up, lay out on, lay down, deposit, play, lay out, plant, bung + Nombe + in, get on.
Ex. Some libraries use small stickers affixed to the spines which have cartoons or ideograms indicating a special genre.
Ex. One such method requires that each book has a magnetic strip inserted into the spine and a special exit door is fitted across which an electric signal is beamed.
Ex. If you encounter an unlabeled document during charge-out, peel off one of the preprinted labels and put it in the document.
Ex. If no fines are to be charged for a particular combination of borrower and material type, set the maximum fine to zero.
Ex. By such mutual assistance, the wits and endeavours of the world may no longer be as so many scattered coals, or firebrands, which, for want of union are soon quenched, whereas, being but laid together, they would have yielded a comfortable light and heat.
Ex. A table is set up in a classroom, books are laid out on it by pupil ‘shop assistants’ supervised by a rota of teachers, and regular opening hours are laid down and adhered to.
Ex. A table is set up in a classroom, books are laid out on it by pupil ‘shop assistants’ supervised by a rota of teachers, and regular opening hours are laid down and adhered to.
Ex. A table is set up in a classroom, books are laid out on it by pupil ‘shop assistants’ supervised by a rota of teachers, and regular opening hours are laid down and adhered to.
Ex. The run-off paper must be thick and absorbent to cope with the thick layer of ink deposited on it by the duplicator.
Ex. In another style of lesson, the book is approached through film clips, dramatizations on TV, or played on records or tapes made commercially.
Ex. There should be plenty of space to lay out all the books attractively and for people to move about without feeling too crowded.
Ex. The article is entitled ‘To everything there is a season…a time to plant and a time to pluck up that which is planted: a life-cycle analysis of education for librarianship’.
Ex. Instead of bunging it in the washing machine, clean it carefully by hand using lukewarm water.
Ex. The full-length, two-direction zipper makes it easy to get on and off, and the bottom is easy to unzip for diaper changes.
—-
* con la mirada puesta en = in + Posesivo + sights.
* cosas + ponerse feas = things + get rough.
* costes + ponerse por las nubes = costs + spiral.
* de quita y pon = burn-’em-down-build-’em-up, removable.
* encargado de poner en práctica = implementor [implementer].
* poner a Alguien al cargo de = put + Nombre + in charge of.
* poner a Alguien al frente de = put + Nombre + in charge of.
* poner a Alguien al mando de = put + Nombre + in charge of.
* poner a Alguien al tanto de = fill + Alguien + in on.
* poner a Alguien contra las cuerdas = put + Nombre + on the spot.
* poner a Alguien en contacto con = put + Nombre + in touch with.
* poner a Alguien en el compromiso de = leave + Nombre + with the choice of.
* poner a Alguien en guardia = put + Nombre + on + Posesivo + guard.
* poner a Alguien en su sitio = cut + Nombre + down to size, knock + Nombre + off + Posesivo + pedestal, cut + Nombre + down to size.
* poner a Alguien en un aprieto = put + Nombre + on the spot.
* poner a Alguien en un apuro = put + Alguien + on the spot, put + Nombre + on the spot.
* poner a Alguien en un compromiso = put + Alguien + on the spot.
* poner a Alguien en un pedestal = put + Nombre + on a pedestal.
* poner a cargo de = put in + charge of.
* poner a disposición = keep within + reach.
* poner a disposición de = make + available to, put at + the disposal of, place + at the disposal of, bring within + reach.
* poner a la altura de las circunstancias = bring + Nombre + up to par.
* poner a la defensiva = put on + the defensive.
* poner al alcance = bring within + reach.
* poner al día = bring + Nombre + up to date, bring + Nombre + up to scratch.
* poner al día (de) = bring + Nombre + up to speed (on), get + Nombre + up to speed on.
* poner Algo a disposición = put + Nombre + within reach.
* poner Algo al alcance = put + Nombre + within reach.
* poner Algo al descubierto = bring + Nombre + to the surface.
* poner Algo a mano = put + Nombre + within reach.
* poner Algo a prueba = push + Nombre + to + Posesivo + limits.
* poner Algo en = stick + Nombre + on.
* poner Algo en Internet = put (out) + Nombre + on the web.
* poner Algo patas arriba = turn + Nombre + inside-out.
* poner Algo por delante de = put + Nombre + ahead of.
* poner Alguien al descubierto = blow + Posesivo + cover.
* poner + Alguien + frenético = make + Alguien + furious.
* poner al mismo nivel que = bring + Nombre + to a par with.
* poner al revés = upend.
* poner al tanto (de) = bring into + the swim of, bring + Nombre + up to speed (on), get + Nombre + up to speed on.
* poner al tanto sobre = give + Nombre + the lowdown on.
* poner a mal tiempo buena cara = keep + Posesivo + chin up.
* poner a + Nombre + a la cabeza de = put + Nombre + ahead in.
* poner a + Número = set to + Número.
* poner aparte = set + apart.
* poner a + Posesivo + disposición = put at + Posesivo + fingertips.
* poner a prueba = stretch, tax, try, strain, overtax, pilot, put to + the test, test, plumb + the depths of, trial, overstretch, push + the envelope, put + Nombre + to the test, try + Nombre + on, push + Nombre + to the edge.
* poner a prueba la paciencia de Alguien = test + Posesivo + patience, try + Nombre + patience.
* poner a prueba la paciencia de un santo = try + the patience of a saint.
* poner a prueba la paciencia de un santo = test + the patience of a saint.
* poner a prueba una idea = test + idea, pilot + idea.
* poner a punto = overhaul, hone, fine tune [fine-tune], tune-up.
* poner atención = lend + an ear, listen (to).
* poner a un lado = lay + Nombre + aside, set + aside.
* poner bonito = get + the rough edge of + Posesivo + tongue.
* poner carnada = bait.
* poner cebo = bait.
* poner como ejemplo = instance, cite + as an example, showcase.
* poner de manifiesto = bring into + relief, highlight, show, state, throw into + relief, throw up, evince, illustrate, underscore, underline, emphasise [emphasize, -USA], bring to + light, make + it + clear, lay + bare, provide + insight into, reveal, flag + Nombre + up.
* poner de manifiesto las mejores cualidades de = bring out + the best in.
* poner demasiado énfasis en Algo = overemphasise [over-emphasise] [overemphasize, -USA].
* poner de patitas en la calle = give + Nombre + the boot, sack, boot (out), give + Nombre + the sack, turf out.
* poner de pie = stand + upright.
* poner de pie apoyado sobre un costado = stand on + Posesivo + side.
* poner de + Posesivo + parte = do + Posesivo + part, do + Posesivo + share, do + Posesivo + bit.
* poner de relieve = bring into + relief, throw into + relief, underscore, highlight, show, state, throw up, evince, illustrate, underline, emphasise [emphasize, -USA], flag + Nombre + up, reveal.
* poner de relieve la importancia = underscore + importance.
* poner el candado = padlock.
* poner el centro de atención = put + focus.
* poner el colofón final = bookend.
* poner el culo = take + Nombre + lying down.
* poner el dedo en la llaga = hit + a (raw) nerve, touch on + raw nerve, hit + the nail on the head, strike + home, strike + a nerve, touch on + a sore spot, touch + a (raw) nerve.
* poner el despertador = set + the alarm clock.
* poner el énfasis = put + focus.
* poner el grito en el cielo = be (all) up in arms, kick up + a stink, kick up + a fuss, blow + Posesivo + top, make + a row, make + a ruckus, kick up + a row, blow + Posesivo + lid, blow + Posesivo + stack, scream + blue murder, froth at + the mouth, shout + blue murder.
* poner el matasellos a una carta = postmark.
* poner el precio = price.
* poner el sello = stamp.
* poner el sello a = place + a stamp on.
* poner en alerta = put on + standby, put on + alert, place + Nombre + on standby.
* poner en apuros = cast + a shadow over, put + Nombre + in difficulties.
* poner en cola = queue.
* poner en cola de espera = place + in queue.
* poner en contacto = bring into + relationship, contact, provide + an interface, bring into + contact.
* poner en contenedor = containerise [containerize, -USA].
* poner en cuestión = call into + question, render + questionable.
* poner en cuestión la validez de = bring into + question the validity of, question + the validity of.
* poner en dificultades = put + Nombre + in difficulties.
* poner en duda = challenge, be flawed, question, render + suspect, unsettle, cast + doubt on, regard + with suspicion, put in + doubt, call into + question, shed + doubt, throw into + doubt, throw + doubt on.
* poner en duda la validez de = bring into + question the validity of.
* poner en duda unos principios = shake + foundations.
* poner en el haber de = credit.
* poner en entredicho = challenge, cast + doubt on, subvert, compromise, cast + aspersions on, challenge + Posesivo + assumptions, doubt, question, call into + question, impugn.
* poner en entredicho una postura = compromise + position.
* poner en escena = stage.
* poner en estado de alerta = put on + standby, put on + alert, place + Nombre + on standby.
* poner en evidencia = make + it + clear, underline, bring to + light, put + Nombre + to shame, call + Posesivo + bluff, bring to + the fore.
* poner énfasis = put + emphasis.
* poner énfasis en = lay + stress on, place + emphasis on, lay + emphasis on.
* poner en funcionamiento = activate, set in + action, set up, trip, put into + working order, put in + place, put in + place, put into + place, set in + motion.
* poner en funcionamiento un programa = implement + program(me).
* poner en garantía = pawn.
* poner en hielo = ice.
* poner en juego = tap.
* poner en la calle = evict.
* poner en la pared = pin up.
* poner en la red + Documento Impreso = webify + Documento Impreso.
* poner en libertad = release from + jail.
* poner en libertad bajo fianza = release on + bail.
* poner en libertad condicional = release on + bail.
* poner en libertad condicional, poner en libertad bajo fianza = release on + bail.
* poner en lista de espera = put + on a waiting list.
* poner en marcha = implement, set up, trip, set out on, crank up.
* poner en marcha un proyecto = mobilise + effort.
* poner en órbita = place into + orbit.
* poner en orden = tidy up, put in + order, clear up.
* poner en peligro = jeopardise [jeopardize, -USA], put into + jeopardy, imperil, put at + risk, compromise, endanger, pose + risk.
* poner en peligro la seguridad = breach + security.
* poner en peligro la vida = risk + Posesivo + life, risk + life and limb.
* poner en práctica = exercise, implement, put into + practice, put to + work, put into + effect, put into + practical effect, put in + place, put into + place, translate into + practical action, bring to + bear, deploy.
* poner en práctica una idea = put + Posesivo + idea + into practice.
* poner en práctica una normativa = carry out + policy.
* poner en práctica un arte = practise + art.
* poner en relación = bring into + relationship.
* poner en remojo = steep.
* poner en ridículo = poke + fun at.
* poner en riesgo = put at + risk.
* poner en su sitio = put in + place.
* poner en tela de juicio = throw + doubt on, contest.
* poner en tensión = put + Nombre + under pressure.
* poner entre comillas = enclose + in quotation marks.
* poner entre corchetes = bracket.
* poner entre la espada y la pared = press to + the point.
* poner entre paréntesis = bracket.
* poner entre rejas = put + Nombre + behind bars.
* poner en uso = bring into + use, take in + use.
* poner en venta = put on + sale.
* poner esfuerzo = give + effort.
* poner fin = curb, bring to + a close, draw to + a close.
* poner fin a = put + paid to, put + an end to, put + a stop to, call + a halt on, bring + an end to, bring to + an end, sound + the death knell for, kill off.
* poner fin a un embarazo = terminate + pregnancy.
* poner freno = curb.
* poner freno a = place + a curb on, clamp down on.
* poner fuera de combate = lay + Nombre + low.
* poner huevos = lay + eggs, oviposit.
* poner impuestos = impose + VAT.
* poner la brida = bridle.
* poner la casa al revés = turn + everything upside down.
* poner la casa patas arriba = turn + the house upside down.
* poner la dirección en un sobre = address + envelope.
* poner ladrillos = laying of bricks, lay + bricks.
* poner la mesa = lay + the table.
* poner la otra mejilla = turn + the other cheek.
* poner la responsabilidad en = put + the burden on.
* poner las antenas = prick (up) + Posesivo + ears, Posesivo + antennas + go up.
* poner las bases = lay + foundation, lay + the basis for.
* poner las cartas boca arriba = lay + Posesivo + cards on the table, put + Posesivo + cards on the table.
* poner las cartas sobre la mesa = lay + Posesivo + cards on the table, put + Posesivo + cards on the table.
* poner las cosas en marcha = get + the ball rolling, set + the ball rolling, start + the ball rolling, get + things rolling, get + things going, set + the wheels in motion.
* poner las cosas en movimiento = get + the ball rolling, set + the ball rolling, start + the ball rolling, get + things rolling, get + things going, set + the wheels in motion.
* poner las cosas en su lugar = set + the record straight.
* poner la vida en peligro = put + Posesivo + life at risk.
* ponerle el cascabel al gato = stick + Posesivo + neck out (for), stick out + Posesivo + neck.
* ponerle la guinda = put + icing on the cake.
* ponerle la mano encima a = lay + a finger on.
* ponerle los cuernos a = cuckold.
* ponerlo de otra manera = put it + in a different way.
* poner lo pelos de punta = frighten + the living daylights out of.
* poner los ojos en blanco = roll + Posesivo + eyes.
* poner los pelos de punta = bristle, scare + the living daylights out of, frighten + Nombre + to death, make + Posesivo + hair stand on end, scare + the hell out of.
* poner los pies en alto = put + Posesivo + feet up.
* poner los pies en + Posesivo + casa = darken + Posesivo + door.
* poner los pies sobre la tierra = come down + to earth.
* poner mucho ahínco = try + Posesivo + heart out.
* poner mucho ahínco en = put + Posesivo + heart into.
* poner mucho empeño = try + Posesivo + heart out.
* poner mucho empeño en = put + Posesivo + heart into.
* poner mucho empeño en + Verbo = be at pains to + Infinitivo.
* poner mucho empeño por = take + (great) pains to.
* poner mucho esmero por = take + (great) pains to.
* poner negro = drive + Alguien + (a)round the bend.
* poner nervioso = rattle.
* poner nervioso a Alguien = give + Nombre + the screaming abdabs.
* poner + Nombre + a dieta = put + Nombre + on a diet.
* poner + Nombre + a + Nombre = place + Nombre + against + Nombre.
* poner objeciones = object.
* poner obstáculos = cramp.
* poner orden = bring + order, tidying (up), create + order, clear out, clear up.
* poner orden en el caos = create + order out of chaos, create + order out of chaos.
* poner papel en la impresora = load + printer.
* poner parches = patch up, patch.
* poner patas arriba = upend.
* poner pegas = cavil (about/at), baulk [balk, -USA], quibble (about/over/with), raise + objection, find + fault with.
* poner peros = baulk [balk, -USA], cavil (about/at), quibble (about/over/with), raise + objection, find + fault with.
* poner por las nubes = praise + highly, wax + lyrical, wax + rapturous, praise + Nombre + to the skies, sing + Posesivo + praises.
* poner por los suelos = slate, slag + Nombre + off, mouth off, say + nasty things about, call + Nombre + all the names under the sun, trash, cut + Nombre + up, tear + Nombre + down, rubbish.
* poner + Posesivo + granito de arena = do + Posesivo + share, do + Posesivo + part, do + Posesivo + bit.
* poner precio a la cabeza de = declare + open season on.
* poner precio a la cabeza de Alguien = put + a price on + Posesivo + head.
* poner punto final a = put + an end to, bring + an end to, bring to + an end, close + the book on.
* poner punto y final a = put + a stop to, sound + the death knell for.
* poner reparos = cavil (about/at), baulk [balk, -USA], quibble (about/over/with), raise + objection, find + fault with.
* poner sal = salt.
* ponerse = don, pull on, wax.
* ponerse a = set about + Gerundio, get (a)round to, settle down to, get down to + Nombre.
* ponerse a cero = roll over to + zero.
* ponerse a cubierto = run for + cover.
* ponerse a dieta = go on + a diet.
* ponerse a hacer = set out to + do.
* ponerse al corriente = come up to + speed.
* ponerse al corriente de = catch up with, catch up on.
* ponerse al día = catching up, come up to + speed, get + up to speed.
* ponerse al día de = get up to + speed on.
* ponerse al día de un atraso = clear + backlog.
* ponerse al día en = catch up with, catch up on.
* ponerse Algo = slip + Nombre + on.
* ponerse al rojo vivo = reach + boiling point, fire up.
* ponerse al tanto = get + up to speed, wise up.
* ponerse al tanto de = get up to + speed on.
* ponerse a malas con = run + afoul of, fall + afoul of.
* ponerse amarillo de envidia = turn + green with envy.
* ponerse a temblar con sólo pensar en = shudder at + the thought of.
* ponerse a trabajar en serio = get on with + Posesivo + work, buckle down to, pull up + Posesivo + socks, pull + (a/Posesivo) finger out.
* ponerse a trabajar por cuenta propia = strike out on + Posesivo + own.
* ponerse a tratar + Algo = get down to + Nombre.
* ponerse blanco = turn + white, whiten.
* ponerse borroso = blur.
* ponerse ciego = make + a pig of + Reflexivo, pig out (on).
* ponerse + Color = go + Color.
* ponerse colorado = get + red in the face, go + bright red.
* ponerse colorado como un tomate = go + bright red.
* ponerse como loco = go + crazy, get + (all) worked up (about), get + hot under the collar.
* ponerse como una fiera = get + Posesivo + knickers in a twist, get + Posesivo + knickers in a bundle, get + Posesivo + panties in a bundle, blow + Posesivo + lid, blow + Posesivo + top, blow + Posesivo + stack.
* ponerse como unas castañuelas = be tickled pink, be chuffed to bits, thrill + Nombre + to bits.
* ponerse como un energúmeno = get + Posesivo + knickers in a twist, get + Posesivo + knickers in a bundle, get + Posesivo + panties in a bundle, blow + Posesivo + top, blow + a fuse, wax + indignant, throw + a wobbly, throw + a wobbler, tear + Posesivo + hair out, blow + Posesivo + lid, blow + Posesivo + stack.
* ponerse contentísimo = be tickled pink, be chuffed to bits, thrill + Nombre + to bits.
* ponerse de acuerdo sobre = agree (on/upon).
* ponerse del lado de Alguien = side in + Posesivo + favour.
* ponerse de mil colores = go + bright red.
* ponerse de moda = come into + vogue, come into + fashion.
* ponerse de parte de Alguien = side in + Posesivo + favour.
* ponerse de pie = rise, stand up, get to + Posesivo + feet, rise to + Posesivo + feet.
* ponerse, el = donning, the.
* ponerse en cola = queue up, line up.
* ponerse en contacto = make + contact.
* ponerse en contacto con = be in touch (with), interact (with), get in + touch with.
* ponerse en cuclillas = squat (down), crouch (down).
* ponerse en el lugar de = place + Reflexivo + in the position of, put + Reflexivo + in the position of.
* ponerse en el lugar de Alguien = put + Reflexivo + in + Nombre/Posesivo + shoes, wear + Posesivo + shoes, walk in + Posesivo + shoes.
* ponerse enfermo = get + sick.
* ponerse en forma = get + fit.
* ponerse en forma para la lucir el cuerpo en la playa = get + beach-fit.
* ponerse en lugar de Alguien = stand in + Posesivo + shoes.
* ponerse en marcha = set off, get off + the ground, swing into + action.
* ponerse en medio = get in + the way (of).
* ponerse en pie de guerra = dig up + the tomahawk, dig up + the hatchet, dig up + the war axe.
* ponerse en práctica = go into + effect.
* ponerse en ridículo = make + a spectacle of + Reflexivo.
* ponerse firme = stand to + attention.
* ponerse frenético = go + berserk, go + postal, go + crazy, work up + a lather, tear + Posesivo + hair out, be furious.
* ponerse fresco con = act + fresh with.
* ponerse furioso = infuriate, get + (all) worked up (about), get + hot under the collar.
* ponerse hecho una fiera = go + ballistic, go + berserk, blow + Posesivo + top, go + postal, go + crazy, blow + a fuse, lose + Posesivo + temper, throw + a wobbly, throw + a wobbler, blow + Posesivo + lid, blow + Posesivo + stack.
* ponerse hecho una furia = go + berserk, go + postal, go + crazy, lose + Posesivo + temper.
* ponerse hecho un basilisco = go + ballistic, go + berserk, go + postal, go + crazy, lose + Posesivo + temper.
* ponerse hecho un energúmeno = go + ballistic, blow + Posesivo + top, blow + Posesivo + lid, blow + Posesivo + stack.
* ponerse histérico = go + berserk, go + postal, work up + a lather, throw + a wobbly, throw + a wobbler.
* ponerse la ropa rápidamente = slip into + Posesivo + clothes.
* ponerse las medallas = take + the credit (for).
* ponerse las orejeras = put on + blinkers.
* ponerse las pilas = buckle down to, pull up + Posesivo + socks, put + Posesivo + skates on, get + Posesivo + skates on, pull + (a/Posesivo) finger out.
* ponerse las pilas, ponerse de lleno a, ponerse a trabajar en serio = buckle down to.
* ponerse loco = go + berserk, go + postal, work up + a lather.
* ponerse manos a la obra = get down to + business, swing into + action.
* ponerse marrón = turn + brown.
* ponerse morado = make + a pig of + Reflexivo, pig out (on).
* ponerse nervioso = get + Posesivo + knickers in a bundle, get + Posesivo + panties in a bundle, be in a tizz(y), get in(to) a tizz(y), have + butterflies in + Posesivo + stomach.
* ponerse por las nubes = go + ballistic.
* ponerse rojo = get + red in the face, go + bright red.
* ponerse rojo como un tomate = go + bright red.
* ponerse tenso = tense up, stress + Nombre + out.
* ponerse una tarea = set + Reflexivo + task.
* poner término a = put + paid to.
* poner toda la carne en el asador = go for + broke, shoot (for) + the moon, put + all (of) + Posesivo + eggs in one basket.
* poner todo de + Posesivo + parte = give + Posesivo + best, do + Posesivo + best, give + Posesivo + utmost.
* poner todo patas arriba = turn + everything upside down.
* poner todos los huevos en una canasta = put + all (of) + Posesivo + eggs in one basket, put + all (of) + Posesivo + eggs in one basket.
* poner trabas = cramp.
* poner una bomba = plant + bomb.
* poner una demanda = face + legal action.
* poner una denuncia = file + police report.
* poner una marca de comprobación = check-mark.
* poner una nota en un sitio público = post.
* poner una reclamación = appeal.
* poner una señal = put up + a sign, put up + a notice.
* poner una señal de aviso = post + a warning, post + a warning sign.
* poner una tienda = pitch + tent.
* poner un círculo alrededor = circle.
* poner un ejemplo = take + an example, draw + example.
* poner un letrero = put up + a sign, post + a notice, put up + a notice.
* poner un pie = set + foot (inside/in/on).
* poner un poquito de picante = pep up.
* poner un precio a Algo muy alto = overprice.
* poner verde = mouth off, get + the rough edge of + Posesivo + tongue, trash, call + Nombre + all the names under the sun, say + nasty things about, slag + Nombre + off, cut + Nombre + up, tear + Nombre + down, slate, rubbish.
* poner vertical = stand + upright, upend.
* pongamos el caso de que = for the sake of + argument.
* pongamos, por ejemplo,… = let us say, take, for example,…, take, for instance,….
* por poner un ejemplo + Adjetivo = to take a + Adjetivo + example.
* por poner un ejemplo sobre + Nombre = to take + Nombre.
* precio + ponerse por las nubes = price + go through the roof, price + spiral out of control, price + soar through the roof.
* precios + ponerse por las nubes = prices + spiral.
* sólo con la ropa interior puesta = in + Posesivo + underclothes.
* sol + ponerse (por) = sun + set (on).
* volver a ponerse al día = be back on track, be on track.
* * *
1.
verbo transitivo
1)
b) <anuncio/aviso> to place, put
¿cuándo se le pone el agua? — when do you put the water in?, when do you add the water?
¿le pones azúcar al café? — do you take sugar in your coffee?
3) <ropa/calzado> (+ me/te/le etc)
¿me pones los zapatos? — can you put my shoes on (for me)?
4) <inyección/supositorio> to give
5)
6)
a) (instalar, montar) <oficina/restaurante> to open
b) <cocina/teléfono/calefacción> to install
c) cerradura/armario to fit
(Esp) (servir, dar)
¿qué le pongo? — what can I get you?
póngame un café, por favor — I’ll have a coffee, please
¿cuántos le pongo? — how many would you like?
9)
10) < atención> to pay; <cuidado/interés> to take
11)
a) ( imponer) < deberes> to give, set; <examen/problema> to set
¿qué nota te puso? — what mark did he give you?
12) ( dar) <nombre/apodo> to give; < ejemplo> to give
¿qué título le pusiste? — what title did you give it?
le pusieron el apodo de `el cojo’ — they nicknamed him `el cojo’
16) (Esp) (exhibir, dar) <obra/película>
¿ponen algo interesante en la tele? — is there anything interesting on TV?
¿qué ponen en el Royal? — what’s on o what’s showing at the Royal?
17) (RPl) ( tardar) to take
18) (en estado, situación) (+ compl)
20)
poner a alguien a + inf: puso a las hijas a trabajar he sent his daughters out to work; lo puse a hacer los deberes — I made him do his homework
b)
poner a alguien de algo: la pusieron de jefa de sección they made her head of department; lo pusieron de ángel he was given the part of an angel; siempre te pone de ejemplo — he always holds you up as an example
pon que perdemos ese tren… — say we miss that train o if we (were to) miss that train…
¿cuánto se tarda? — ponle dos horas — how long does it take? — about two hours o reckon on two hours
22)
a) (conectar, encender) <televisión/calefacción> to turn on, switch on, put on; <programa/canal> to put on; < disco> to put on
b) (ajustar, graduar)
poner a alguien con algo/alguien — to put somebody through to something/somebody
¿me pone con la extensión 24? — could you put me through to extension 24, please?
2.
3.
2)
ponte ahí, junto al árbol — stand over there, by the tree
se me/le puso que… — (AmS fam) I/he had a feeling that… (colloq)
se le pone cada cosa… — he gets the strangest ideas into his head
3) sol to set
4) (refl) <calzado/maquillaje/alhaja> to put on
5) (en estado, situación) (+ compl)
6)
ponerse a + inf — to start -ing, to start + inf
¿Pepe? sí, ahora se pone — Pepe? OK, I’ll just get him for you
* * *
= affix, fit, put, set, lay, set up, lay out on, lay down, deposit, play, lay out, plant, bung + Nombe + in, get on.
Ex: Some libraries use small stickers affixed to the spines which have cartoons or ideograms indicating a special genre.
Ex: One such method requires that each book has a magnetic strip inserted into the spine and a special exit door is fitted across which an electric signal is beamed.
Ex: If you encounter an unlabeled document during charge-out, peel off one of the preprinted labels and put it in the document.
Ex: If no fines are to be charged for a particular combination of borrower and material type, set the maximum fine to zero.
Ex: By such mutual assistance, the wits and endeavours of the world may no longer be as so many scattered coals, or firebrands, which, for want of union are soon quenched, whereas, being but laid together, they would have yielded a comfortable light and heat.
Ex: A table is set up in a classroom, books are laid out on it by pupil ‘shop assistants’ supervised by a rota of teachers, and regular opening hours are laid down and adhered to.
Ex: A table is set up in a classroom, books are laid out on it by pupil ‘shop assistants’ supervised by a rota of teachers, and regular opening hours are laid down and adhered to.
Ex: A table is set up in a classroom, books are laid out on it by pupil ‘shop assistants’ supervised by a rota of teachers, and regular opening hours are laid down and adhered to.
Ex: The run-off paper must be thick and absorbent to cope with the thick layer of ink deposited on it by the duplicator.
Ex: In another style of lesson, the book is approached through film clips, dramatizations on TV, or played on records or tapes made commercially.
Ex: There should be plenty of space to lay out all the books attractively and for people to move about without feeling too crowded.
Ex: The article is entitled ‘To everything there is a season…a time to plant and a time to pluck up that which is planted: a life-cycle analysis of education for librarianship’.
Ex: Instead of bunging it in the washing machine, clean it carefully by hand using lukewarm water.
Ex: The full-length, two-direction zipper makes it easy to get on and off, and the bottom is easy to unzip for diaper changes.
* con la mirada puesta en = in + Posesivo + sights.
* cosas + ponerse feas = things + get rough.
* costes + ponerse por las nubes = costs + spiral.
* de quita y pon = burn-’em-down-build-’em-up, removable.
* encargado de poner en práctica = implementor [implementer].
* no poner en duda = be unquestioned.
* poner a Alguien al cargo de = put + Nombre + in charge of.
* poner a Alguien al frente de = put + Nombre + in charge of.
* poner a Alguien al mando de = put + Nombre + in charge of.
* poner a Alguien al tanto de = fill + Alguien + in on.
* poner a Alguien contra las cuerdas = put + Nombre + on the spot.
* poner a Alguien en contacto con = put + Nombre + in touch with.
* poner a Alguien en el compromiso de = leave + Nombre + with the choice of.
* poner a Alguien en guardia = put + Nombre + on + Posesivo + guard.
* poner a Alguien en su sitio = cut + Nombre + down to size, knock + Nombre + off + Posesivo + pedestal, cut + Nombre + down to size.
* poner a Alguien en un aprieto = put + Nombre + on the spot.
* poner a Alguien en un apuro = put + Alguien + on the spot, put + Nombre + on the spot.
* poner a Alguien en un compromiso = put + Alguien + on the spot.
* poner a Alguien en un pedestal = put + Nombre + on a pedestal.
* poner a cargo de = put in + charge of.
* poner a disposición = keep within + reach.
* poner a disposición de = make + available to, put at + the disposal of, place + at the disposal of, bring within + reach.
* poner a la altura de las circunstancias = bring + Nombre + up to par.
* poner a la defensiva = put on + the defensive.
* poner al alcance = bring within + reach.
* poner al día = bring + Nombre + up to date, bring + Nombre + up to scratch.
* poner al día (de) = bring + Nombre + up to speed (on), get + Nombre + up to speed on.
* poner Algo a disposición = put + Nombre + within reach.
* poner Algo al alcance = put + Nombre + within reach.
* poner Algo al descubierto = bring + Nombre + to the surface.
* poner Algo a mano = put + Nombre + within reach.
* poner Algo a prueba = push + Nombre + to + Posesivo + limits.
* poner Algo en = stick + Nombre + on.
* poner Algo en Internet = put (out) + Nombre + on the web.
* poner Algo patas arriba = turn + Nombre + inside-out.
* poner Algo por delante de = put + Nombre + ahead of.
* poner Alguien al descubierto = blow + Posesivo + cover.
* poner + Alguien + frenético = make + Alguien + furious.
* poner al mismo nivel que = bring + Nombre + to a par with.
* poner al revés = upend.
* poner al tanto (de) = bring into + the swim of, bring + Nombre + up to speed (on), get + Nombre + up to speed on.
* poner al tanto sobre = give + Nombre + the lowdown on.
* poner a mal tiempo buena cara = keep + Posesivo + chin up.
* poner a + Nombre + a la cabeza de = put + Nombre + ahead in.
* poner a + Número = set to + Número.
* poner aparte = set + apart.
* poner a + Posesivo + disposición = put at + Posesivo + fingertips.
* poner a prueba = stretch, tax, try, strain, overtax, pilot, put to + the test, test, plumb + the depths of, trial, overstretch, push + the envelope, put + Nombre + to the test, try + Nombre + on, push + Nombre + to the edge.
* poner a prueba la paciencia de Alguien = test + Posesivo + patience, try + Nombre + patience.
* poner a prueba la paciencia de un santo = try + the patience of a saint.
* poner a prueba la paciencia de un santo = test + the patience of a saint.
* poner a prueba una idea = test + idea, pilot + idea.
* poner a punto = overhaul, hone, fine tune [fine-tune], tune-up.
* poner atención = lend + an ear, listen (to).
* poner a un lado = lay + Nombre + aside, set + aside.
* poner bonito = get + the rough edge of + Posesivo + tongue.
* poner carnada = bait.
* poner cebo = bait.
* poner como ejemplo = instance, cite + as an example, showcase.
* poner con chinchetas = thumbtack.
* poner delante de = lay before.
* poner de manifiesto = bring into + relief, highlight, show, state, throw into + relief, throw up, evince, illustrate, underscore, underline, emphasise [emphasize, -USA], bring to + light, make + it + clear, lay + bare, provide + insight into, reveal, flag + Nombre + up.
* poner de manifiesto las mejores cualidades de = bring out + the best in.
* poner demasiado énfasis en Algo = overemphasise [over-emphasise] [overemphasize, -USA].
* poner de patitas en la calle = give + Nombre + the boot, sack, boot (out), give + Nombre + the sack, turf out.
* poner de pie = stand + upright.
* poner de pie apoyado sobre un costado = stand on + Posesivo + side.
* poner de + Posesivo + parte = do + Posesivo + part, do + Posesivo + share, do + Posesivo + bit.
* poner de relieve = bring into + relief, throw into + relief, underscore, highlight, show, state, throw up, evince, illustrate, underline, emphasise [emphasize, -USA], flag + Nombre + up, reveal.
* poner de relieve la importancia = underscore + importance.
* poner doble acristalamiento = double glaze.
* poner el candado = padlock.
* poner el centro de atención = put + focus.
* poner el colofón final = bookend.
* poner el culo = take + Nombre + lying down.
* poner el dedo en la llaga = hit + a (raw) nerve, touch on + raw nerve, hit + the nail on the head, strike + home, strike + a nerve, touch on + a sore spot, touch + a (raw) nerve.
* poner el despertador = set + the alarm clock.
* poner el énfasis = put + focus.
* poner el grito en el cielo = be (all) up in arms, kick up + a stink, kick up + a fuss, blow + Posesivo + top, make + a row, make + a ruckus, kick up + a row, blow + Posesivo + lid, blow + Posesivo + stack, scream + blue murder, froth at + the mouth, shout + blue murder.
* poner el matasellos a una carta = postmark.
* poner el precio = price.
* poner el sello = stamp.
* poner el sello a = place + a stamp on.
* poner el sello de = rubber stamp.
* poner empeño = strive.
* poner en adobo = marinade.
* poner en alerta = put on + standby, put on + alert, place + Nombre + on standby.
* poner en alquiler = rent out.
* poner en apuros = cast + a shadow over, put + Nombre + in difficulties.
* poner encima = top with.
* poner en circulación = circulate.
* poner en claro = clear up.
* poner en cola = queue.
* poner en cola de espera = place + in queue.
* poner en contacto = bring into + relationship, contact, provide + an interface, bring into + contact.
* poner en contenedor = containerise [containerize, -USA].
* poner en cuarentena = quarantine.
* poner en cuestión = call into + question, render + questionable.
* poner en cuestión la validez de = bring into + question the validity of, question + the validity of.
* poner en dificultades = put + Nombre + in difficulties.
* poner en duda = challenge, be flawed, question, render + suspect, unsettle, cast + doubt on, regard + with suspicion, put in + doubt, call into + question, shed + doubt, throw into + doubt, throw + doubt on.
* poner en duda la validez de = bring into + question the validity of.
* poner en duda unos principios = shake + foundations.
* poner en el haber de = credit.
* poner en entredicho = challenge, cast + doubt on, subvert, compromise, cast + aspersions on, challenge + Posesivo + assumptions, doubt, question, call into + question, impugn.
* poner en entredicho una postura = compromise + position.
* poner en escena = stage.
* poner en estado de alerta = put on + standby, put on + alert, place + Nombre + on standby.
* poner en evidencia = make + it + clear, underline, bring to + light, put + Nombre + to shame, call + Posesivo + bluff, bring to + the fore.
* poner énfasis = put + emphasis.
* poner énfasis en = lay + stress on, place + emphasis on, lay + emphasis on.
* poner en forma = buff up.
* poner en funcionamiento = activate, set in + action, set up, trip, put into + working order, put in + place, put in + place, put into + place, set in + motion.
* poner en funcionamiento un programa = implement + program(me).
* poner en garantía = pawn.
* poner en hielo = ice.
* poner en juego = tap.
* poner en la calle = evict.
* poner en la pared = pin up.
* poner en la red + Documento Impreso = webify + Documento Impreso.
* poner en libertad = release from + jail.
* poner en libertad bajo fianza = release on + bail.
* poner en libertad condicional = release on + bail.
* poner en libertad condicional, poner en libertad bajo fianza = release on + bail.
* poner en lista de espera = put + on a waiting list.
* poner en marcha = implement, set up, trip, set out on, crank up.
* poner en marcha un proyecto = mobilise + effort.
* poner en órbita = place into + orbit.
* poner en orden = tidy up, put in + order, clear up.
* poner en peligro = jeopardise [jeopardize, -USA], put into + jeopardy, imperil, put at + risk, compromise, endanger, pose + risk.
* poner en peligro la seguridad = breach + security.
* poner en peligro la vida = risk + Posesivo + life, risk + life and limb.
* poner en práctica = exercise, implement, put into + practice, put to + work, put into + effect, put into + practical effect, put in + place, put into + place, translate into + practical action, bring to + bear, deploy.
* poner en práctica una idea = put + Posesivo + idea + into practice.
* poner en práctica una normativa = carry out + policy.
* poner en práctica un arte = practise + art.
* poner en préstamo = circulate.
* poner en primer plano = foreground.
* poner en relación = bring into + relationship.
* poner en remojo = steep.
* poner en ridículo = poke + fun at.
* poner en riesgo = put at + risk.
* poner en su sitio = put in + place.
* poner en tela de juicio = throw + doubt on, contest.
* poner en tensión = put + Nombre + under pressure.
* poner entre comillas = enclose + in quotation marks.
* poner entre corchetes = bracket.
* poner entre la espada y la pared = press to + the point.
* poner entre paréntesis = bracket.
* poner entre rejas = put + Nombre + behind bars.
* poner en uso = bring into + use, take in + use.
* poner en venta = put on + sale.
* poner esfuerzo = give + effort.
* poner fin = curb, bring to + a close, draw to + a close.
* poner fin a = put + paid to, put + an end to, put + a stop to, call + a halt on, bring + an end to, bring to + an end, sound + the death knell for, kill off.
* poner fin a un embarazo = terminate + pregnancy.
* poner freno = curb.
* poner freno a = place + a curb on, clamp down on.
* poner fuera de combate = lay + Nombre + low.
* poner guiones = hyphenate.
* poner huevos = lay + eggs, oviposit.
* poner impuestos = impose + VAT.
* poner la brida = bridle.
* poner la casa al revés = turn + everything upside down.
* poner la casa patas arriba = turn + the house upside down.
* poner la dirección en un sobre = address + envelope.
* poner ladrillos = laying of bricks, lay + bricks.
* poner la fecha = date-stamp.
* poner la mesa = lay + the table.
* poner la otra mejilla = turn + the other cheek.
* poner la responsabilidad en = put + the burden on.
* poner las antenas = prick (up) + Posesivo + ears, Posesivo + antennas + go up.
* poner las bases = lay + foundation, lay + the basis for.
* poner las cartas boca arriba = lay + Posesivo + cards on the table, put + Posesivo + cards on the table.
* poner las cartas sobre la mesa = lay + Posesivo + cards on the table, put + Posesivo + cards on the table.
* poner las cosas en marcha = get + the ball rolling, set + the ball rolling, start + the ball rolling, get + things rolling, get + things going, set + the wheels in motion.
* poner las cosas en movimiento = get + the ball rolling, set + the ball rolling, start + the ball rolling, get + things rolling, get + things going, set + the wheels in motion.
* poner las cosas en su lugar = set + the record straight.
* poner las esposas = handcuff.
* poner la vida en peligro = put + Posesivo + life at risk.
* ponerle el cascabel al gato = stick + Posesivo + neck out (for), stick out + Posesivo + neck.
* ponerle la guinda = put + icing on the cake.
* ponerle la mano encima a = lay + a finger on.
* ponerle los cuernos a = cuckold.
* ponerlo de otra manera = put it + in a different way.
* poner lo pelos de punta = frighten + the living daylights out of.
* poner los ojos en blanco = roll + Posesivo + eyes.
* poner los pelos de punta = bristle, scare + the living daylights out of, frighten + Nombre + to death, make + Posesivo + hair stand on end, scare + the hell out of.
* poner los pies en alto = put + Posesivo + feet up.
* poner los pies en + Posesivo + casa = darken + Posesivo + door.
* poner los pies sobre la tierra = come down + to earth.
* poner más fuerte = crank up.
* poner mucho ahínco = try + Posesivo + heart out.
* poner mucho ahínco en = put + Posesivo + heart into.
* poner mucho empeño = try + Posesivo + heart out.
* poner mucho empeño en = put + Posesivo + heart into.
* poner mucho empeño en + Verbo = be at pains to + Infinitivo.
* poner mucho empeño por = take + (great) pains to.
* poner mucho esmero por = take + (great) pains to.
* poner negro = drive + Alguien + (a)round the bend.
* poner nervioso = rattle.
* poner nervioso a Alguien = give + Nombre + the screaming abdabs.
* poner + Nombre + a dieta = put + Nombre + on a diet.
* poner + Nombre + a + Nombre = place + Nombre + against + Nombre.
* poner objeciones = object.
* poner objeciones a = object to.
* poner obstáculos = cramp.
* poner orden = bring + order, tidying (up), create + order, clear out, clear up.
* poner orden en el caos = create + order out of chaos, create + order out of chaos.
* poner papel en la impresora = load + printer.
* poner parches = patch up, patch.
* poner patas arriba = upend.
* poner pegas = cavil (about/at), baulk [balk, -USA], quibble (about/over/with), raise + objection, find + fault with.
* poner peros = baulk [balk, -USA], cavil (about/at), quibble (about/over/with), raise + objection, find + fault with.
* poner por las nubes = praise + highly, wax + lyrical, wax + rapturous, praise + Nombre + to the skies, sing + Posesivo + praises.
* poner por los suelos = slate, slag + Nombre + off, mouth off, say + nasty things about, call + Nombre + all the names under the sun, trash, cut + Nombre + up, tear + Nombre + down, rubbish.
* poner + Posesivo + granito de arena = do + Posesivo + share, do + Posesivo + part, do + Posesivo + bit.
* poner precio a la cabeza de = declare + open season on.
* poner precio a la cabeza de Alguien = put + a price on + Posesivo + head.
* poner punto final a = put + an end to, bring + an end to, bring to + an end, close + the book on.
* poner punto y final a = put + a stop to, sound + the death knell for.
* poner reparos = cavil (about/at), baulk [balk, -USA], quibble (about/over/with), raise + objection, find + fault with.
* poner sal = salt.
* ponerse = don, pull on, wax.
* ponerse a = set about + Gerundio, get (a)round to, settle down to, get down to + Nombre.
* ponerse a cero = roll over to + zero.
* ponerse a cubierto = run for + cover.
* ponerse a dieta = go on + a diet.
* ponerse a hacer = set out to + do.
* ponerse a hacer Algo en serio = buckle down to.
* ponerse al corriente = come up to + speed.
* ponerse al corriente de = catch up with, catch up on.
* ponerse al día = catching up, come up to + speed, get + up to speed.
* ponerse al día de = get up to + speed on.
* ponerse al día de un atraso = clear + backlog.
* ponerse al día en = catch up with, catch up on.
* ponerse Algo = slip + Nombre + on.
* ponerse al rojo vivo = reach + boiling point, fire up.
* ponerse al tanto = get + up to speed, wise up.
* ponerse al tanto de = get up to + speed on.
* ponerse a malas con = run + afoul of, fall + afoul of.
* ponerse amarillo de envidia = turn + green with envy.
* ponerse a temblar con sólo pensar en = shudder at + the thought of.
* ponerse a trabajar en serio = get on with + Posesivo + work, buckle down to, pull up + Posesivo + socks, pull + (a/Posesivo) finger out.
* ponerse a trabajar por cuenta propia = strike out on + Posesivo + own.
* ponerse a tratar + Algo = get down to + Nombre.
* ponerse blanco = turn + white, whiten.
* ponerse borroso = blur.
* ponerse ciego = make + a pig of + Reflexivo, pig out (on).
* ponerse + Color = go + Color.
* ponerse colorado = get + red in the face, go + bright red.
* ponerse colorado como un tomate = go + bright red.
* ponerse como loco = go + crazy, get + (all) worked up (about), get + hot under the collar.
* ponerse como una fiera = get + Posesivo + knickers in a twist, get + Posesivo + knickers in a bundle, get + Posesivo + panties in a bundle, blow + Posesivo + lid, blow + Posesivo + top, blow + Posesivo + stack.
* ponerse como unas castañuelas = be tickled pink, be chuffed to bits, thrill + Nombre + to bits.
* ponerse como un energúmeno = get + Posesivo + knickers in a twist, get + Posesivo + knickers in a bundle, get + Posesivo + panties in a bundle, blow + Posesivo + top, blow + a fuse, wax + indignant, throw + a wobbly, throw + a wobbler, tear + Posesivo + hair out, blow + Posesivo + lid, blow + Posesivo + stack.
* ponerse contentísimo = be tickled pink, be chuffed to bits, thrill + Nombre + to bits.
* ponerse de acuerdo sobre = agree (on/upon).
* ponerse del lado de = side with.
* ponerse del lado de Alguien = side in + Posesivo + favour.
* ponerse de lleno a = buckle down to.
* ponerse de mil colores = go + bright red.
* ponerse de moda = come into + vogue, come into + fashion.
* ponerse de parte de = side with.
* ponerse de parte de Alguien = side in + Posesivo + favour.
* ponerse de pie = rise, stand up, get to + Posesivo + feet, rise to + Posesivo + feet.
* ponerse de punta = stand out.
* ponerse, el = donning, the.
* ponerse el cinturón = buckle up.
* ponerse en cola = queue up, line up.
* ponerse en contacto = make + contact.
* ponerse en contacto con = be in touch (with), interact (with), get in + touch with.
* ponerse en contra de = turn against.
* ponerse en cuclillas = squat (down), crouch (down).
* ponerse en el lugar de = place + Reflexivo + in the position of, put + Reflexivo + in the position of.
* ponerse en el lugar de Alguien = put + Reflexivo + in + Nombre/Posesivo + shoes, wear + Posesivo + shoes, walk in + Posesivo + shoes.
* ponerse enfermo = get + sick.
* ponerse en fila = line up.
* ponerse en forma = get + fit.
* ponerse en forma para la lucir el cuerpo en la playa = get + beach-fit.
* ponerse en lugar de Alguien = stand in + Posesivo + shoes.
* ponerse en marcha = set off, get off + the ground, swing into + action.
* ponerse en medio = get in + the way (of).
* ponerse en pie de guerra = dig up + the tomahawk, dig up + the hatchet, dig up + the war axe.
* ponerse en práctica = go into + effect.
* ponerse en ridículo = make + a spectacle of + Reflexivo.
* ponerse en tensión = tense up.
* ponerse firme = stand to + attention.
* ponerse frenético = go + berserk, go + postal, go + crazy, work up + a lather, tear + Posesivo + hair out, be furious.
* ponerse fresco con = act + fresh with.
* ponerse furioso = infuriate, get + (all) worked up (about), get + hot under the collar.
* ponerse gallito = bluster.
* ponerse hecho una fiera = go + ballistic, go + berserk, blow + Posesivo + top, go + postal, go + crazy, blow + a fuse, lose + Posesivo + temper, throw + a wobbly, throw + a wobbler, blow + Posesivo + lid, blow + Posesivo + stack.
* ponerse hecho una furia = go + berserk, go + postal, go + crazy, lose + Posesivo + temper.
* ponerse hecho un basilisco = go + ballistic, go + berserk, go + postal, go + crazy, lose + Posesivo + temper.
* ponerse hecho un energúmeno = go + ballistic, blow + Posesivo + top, blow + Posesivo + lid, blow + Posesivo + stack.
* ponerse histérico = go + berserk, go + postal, work up + a lather, throw + a wobbly, throw + a wobbler.
* ponerse la ropa rápidamente = slip into + Posesivo + clothes.
* ponerse las medallas = take + the credit (for).
* ponerse las orejeras = put on + blinkers.
* ponerse las pilas = buckle down to, pull up + Posesivo + socks, put + Posesivo + skates on, get + Posesivo + skates on, pull + (a/Posesivo) finger out.
* ponerse las pilas, ponerse de lleno a, ponerse a trabajar en serio = buckle down to.
* ponerse loco = go + berserk, go + postal, work up + a lather.
* ponerse manos a la obra = get down to + business, swing into + action.
* ponerse marrón = turn + brown.
* ponerse morado = make + a pig of + Reflexivo, pig out (on).
* ponerse nervioso = get + Posesivo + knickers in a bundle, get + Posesivo + panties in a bundle, be in a tizz(y), get in(to) a tizz(y), have + butterflies in + Posesivo + stomach.
* ponerse por las nubes = go + ballistic.
* ponerse rígido = stiffen.
* ponerse rojo = get + red in the face, go + bright red.
* ponerse rojo como un tomate = go + bright red.
* ponerse seriamente a = settle to.
* ponerse tenso = tense up, stress + Nombre + out.
* ponerse tibio = pig out (on).
* ponerse una tarea = set + Reflexivo + task.
* poner sobre aviso = alert to.
* poner término a = put + paid to.
* poner toda la carne en el asador = go for + broke, shoot (for) + the moon, put + all (of) + Posesivo + eggs in one basket.
* poner todo de + Posesivo + parte = give + Posesivo + best, do + Posesivo + best, give + Posesivo + utmost.
* poner todo patas arriba = turn + everything upside down.
* poner todos los huevos en una canasta = put + all (of) + Posesivo + eggs in one basket, put + all (of) + Posesivo + eggs in one basket.
* poner trabas = cramp.
* poner una bomba = plant + bomb.
* poner una demanda = face + legal action.
* poner una denuncia = file + police report.
* poner una marca de comprobación = check-mark.
* poner una nota en un sitio público = post.
* poner una reclamación = appeal.
* poner una señal = put up + a sign, put up + a notice.
* poner una señal de aviso = post + a warning, post + a warning sign.
* poner una tienda = pitch + tent.
* poner un círculo alrededor = circle.
* poner un ejemplo = take + an example, draw + example.
* poner un letrero = put up + a sign, post + a notice, put up + a notice.
* poner un pie = set + foot (inside/in/on).
* poner un poquito de picante = pep up.
* poner un precio a Algo muy alto = overprice.
* poner verde = mouth off, get + the rough edge of + Posesivo + tongue, trash, call + Nombre + all the names under the sun, say + nasty things about, slag + Nombre + off, cut + Nombre + up, tear + Nombre + down, slate, rubbish.
* poner vertical = stand + upright, upend.
* poner y quitar = get on and off.
* pongamos el caso de que = for the sake of + argument.
* pongamos, por ejemplo,… = let us say, take, for example,…, take, for instance,….
* por poner un ejemplo + Adjetivo = to take a + Adjetivo + example.
* por poner un ejemplo sobre + Nombre = to take + Nombre.
* precio + ponerse por las nubes = price + go through the roof, price + spiral out of control, price + soar through the roof.
* precios + ponerse por las nubes = prices + spiral.
* que pone la vida en peligro = life threatening.
* que pone obstáculos = obstructive.
* quita o pon = give or take.
* sin poner en duda la veracidad de Algo temporalmente = suspension of disbelief.
* sin poner en escena = unproduced.
* sin ponerlo en duda = uncritically.
* sin ponerse en duda = unquestioned.
* sólo con la ropa interior puesta = in + Posesivo + underclothes.
* sol + ponerse (por) = sun + set (on).
* volver a ponerse al día = be back on track, be on track.
* ya lo quitas, ya lo pones = burn-’em-down-build-’em-up.
* * *
■ poner (verbo transitivo)
A
1 colocar
2 poner: anuncio, aviso
B agregar
C ropa, calzado etc
D ‹inyección/supositorio›
E poner la mesa
F
1 instalar, montar
2 poner: cocina, teléfono etc
3 poner: cerradura etc
G poner: huevos
H servir, dar
A
1 contribuir
2 proporcionar
B poner: atención, cuidado
C
1 imponer
2 oponer
3 adjudicar
D poner: nombre
E enviar
F escribir
G
1 expresar por escrito
2 impersonal
H exhibir, dar
I tardar
A en un estado, una situación
B poner: cara, voz, etc
C
1 hacer empezar
2 poner a alguien de algo
D suponer
A
1 conectar, encender
2 ajustar, graduar
B poner al teléfono
■ poner (verbo intransitivo)
A
1 apostar
2 contribuir dinero
B poner: gallinas
C México: vulg
■ ponerse (verbo pronominal)
A
1 colocarse
2 llegar
B ponerse: el sol
C ponerse: calzado etc
A en un estado, una situación
B
1 empezar
2 esforzarse, esmerarse
3 contribuir dinero
vt
A
¿dónde habré puesto las llaves? where can I have put the keys?
¿dónde vas a poner este cuadro? where are you going to put o hang this picture?
2 ‹anuncio/aviso› to place, put
¿cuándo se le pone el agua? when do you put the water in?, when do you add the water?
¿le has puesto sal a la sopa? have you put any salt in the soup?
¿le pones azúcar al café? do you take sugar in your coffee?
C ‹ropa/calzado› (+ me/te/le etc):
¿me pones los zapatos? can you put my shoes on (for me)?
D ‹inyección/supositorio› to give
E
F
1 (instalar, montar) ‹oficina/restaurante› to open
pusieron la casa/oficina a todo lujo they furnished the house/fitted the office out in style
2 ‹cocina/teléfono/calefacción› to install
3 ‹cerradura/armario› to fit
G «ave» ‹huevos› to lay
H
( Esp) (servir, dar): ¿qué le pongo? what can I get you?
póngame un café, por favor I’ll have a coffee, please
¿cuántos le pongo, señora? how many would you like, madam?
A
1 (contribuir):
B ‹atención› to pay; ‹cuidado› to take
C
1 (imponer) ‹deberes› to give, set; ‹examen› to set
2
a todo le tiene que poner peros or pegas she finds fault with everything
¿qué (nota) te puso en la redacción? what (mark) did he give you for your essay?
D (dar) ‹nombre/apodo› to give
¡qué nombre más feo le pusieron! what a horrible name to give him!
¿qué título le vas a poner al poema? what title are you going to give the poem?, what are you going to call the poem?
le pusieron el sobrenombre de `el cojo’ they nicknamed him `el cojo’
E (enviar) ‹telegrama› to send; ‹carta› to mail ( AmE), to post ( BrE)
¿qué pone aquí? what does it say here?, what does this say?
H ( Esp) (exhibir, dar)
‹obra/película› ¿ponen algo interesante en la tele? is there anything interesting on TV?
¿qué ponen en el Trocadero? what’s on o what’s showing at the Trocadero?
A (en un estado, una situación) (+ compl):
¿por qué me pusiste en evidencia así? why did you show me up like that?
¡mira cómo has puesto la alfombra! look at the mess you’ve made on the carpet!
C
1
poner a algn A + INF:
2 poner a algn DE algo:
lo pusieron de ángel he was given a part as an angel, he was given the part of an angel
D
(suponer): pon que perdemos ese tren, no podríamos volver say we miss that train o if we (were to) miss that train, then we wouldn’t be able to get back
pon que es cierto ¿qué harías entonces? say o suppose o supposing it is true, then what would you do?
ponerle ( AmL): ¿cuánto se tarda? — ponle dos horas how long does it take? — about two hours o in the region of two hours o reckon on two hours
¿cuánto nos costará? — y … pónganle alrededor de $200 how much will it cost us? — well, … you’d better reckon on about $200
A
1 (conectar, encender) ‹televisión/calefacción› to turn o switch o put on; ‹programa/canal› to put on
2
¿puedes poner la música un poco más alta? can you turn the music up a bit?
B
poner a algn CON algn/algo to put sb THROUGH TO sb/sth
¿me puede poner con el director, por favor? could you put me through to o could I speak to the director, please?
¿me pone con la extensión 24? could you put me through to o can I have extension 24, please?
■ poner
vi
A
¿vas a poner para el regalo de Pilar? are you going to give something o contribute toward(s) Pilar’s present?
B «gallina» to lay
A
ponte ahí, junto al árbol stand over there, by the tree
2
B «sol» to set
C ( refl) ‹calzado/maquillaje/alhaja› to put on
A (en un estado, una situación) (+ compl):
adelante, pónganse cómodos come in, make yourselves comfortable
no te pongas así, que no es para tanto don’t get so worked up, it’s not that bad
¡mira cómo te has puesto de barro! just look at you, you’re covered in mud!
no te imaginas cómo se puso, hecha una fiera you wouldn’t believe the way she reacted, she went absolutely wild
B
1 (empezar) ponerse A + INF to start -ING
2 ( fam) (esforzarse, esmerarse) to try, make an effort
3
(CS arg) (contribuir dinero): cuando se casaron el viejo se puso con $5.000 when they got married, her old man shelled out $5,000 ( colloq)
( Esp) (al teléfono): ¿Pepe? sí, ahora se pone Pepe? OK, I’ll just get him for you
* * *
poner ( conjugate poner) verbo transitivo
1
ponle el collar al perro put the dog’s collar on;
poner una bomba to plant a bomb
c) ‹ ropa› (+ me/te/le etc):
2 ( agregar) to put
3 ‹inyección/supositorio› to give
4
5 (instalar, montar)
a) ‹oficina/restaurante› to open
b) ‹cocina/teléfono/calefacción› to install
c) ‹cerradura/armario› to fit
6 [ ave] ‹ huevo› to lay
7 (Esp) (servir, dar):
◊ póngame un café, por favor I’ll have a coffee, please;
¿cuántos le pongo? how many would you like?
1 ‹ dinero› ( contribuir) to put in;
2 ‹ atención› to pay;
‹cuidado/interés› to take;
3
‹examen/problema› to set;
4 ( dar) ‹nombre/apodo› to give;
‹ ejemplo› to give;
5 ( enviar) ‹ telegrama› to send
6 ( escribir) ‹dedicatoria/líneas› to write
7 (Esp) (exhibir, dar) ‹ película› to show;
¿qué ponen en el Royal? what’s on o what’s showing at the Royal?
1
‹programa/canal› to put on;
‹cinta/disco/música› to put on;
puso el reloj en hora she put the clock right
2 (Esp) ( al teléfono): poner a algn con algo/algn to put sb through to sth/sb
(en estado, situación) (+ compl):
poner a algn en un aprieto to put sb in an awkward position
vi [ ave] to lay
ponerse verbo pronominal
1 ( refl) ( colocarse):
ponerse de pie to stand (up);
ponerse de rodillas to kneel (down), get down on one’s knees
2 [ sol] to set
3 ( refl) ‹calzado/maquillaje/alhaja› to put on;
1 (en estado, situación) (+ compl):
se puso triste she became sad;
cuando lo vio se puso muy contenta she was so happy when she saw it;
se puso como loco he went mad;
ponerse cómodo to make oneself comfortable
2 ( empezar) ponerse a + inf to start -ing, to start + inf;
(Esp):
poner verbo transitivo
1 (en un lugar, una situación) to put: me puso en un aprieto, he put me in a tight corner
(seguido de adjetivo) to make: me pone contento, he makes me happy
2 (hacer funcionar) to turn o switch on
3 (un fax, telegrama) to send
poner una conferencia, to make a long-distance call
4 (una multa, un castigo) to impose
5 (abrir un negocio) to set up
6 (vestir) to put on
7 (exponer) tienes que poner la planta al sol/a la sombra, you have to put the plant in the sun/shade
8 (aportar) yo puse mil pesetas, I contributed a thousand pesetas
9 (conjeturar, imaginar) to suppose: pongamos que…, supposing (that)…
10 (estar escrito) lo pone aquí, it’s written here
no pone nada de eso, it doesn’t say anything about that
11 TV Cine to put on, show
12 Tel ponme con él, put me through to him
13 (un nombre) le pondremos Tadeo, we are going to call him Tadeo
ya le puso título a la novela, he has already given the novel a title
♦ Locuciones: poner a alguien a caldo, to pull sb to pieces
poner a cien, to make sb nervous: me pone a cien cuando habla de ese modo, when he talks that way I get nervous
poner en duda, to call into question: los inversores pusieron su competencia en duda, the investors questioned his competence
poner a alguien en evidencia, to show sb up
poner en evidencia, to show up: la situación pone en evidencia la falta de justicia del sistema, the situation exposes the system’s unfairness
poner a alguien en su sitio, to put sb in his place
‘ poner‘ also found in these entries:
Spanish:
activar
— alinear
— alta
— alto
— altura
— antecedente
— antena
— arreglar
— arrinconar
— aunar
— bandeja
— brete
— cabeza
— calzar
— caldo
— calle
— cara
— cargar
— carta
— caso
— cien
— codificar
— comprometer
— confiar
— coto
— crecer
— cuenco
— cuestión
— dejar
— denuncia
— depositar
— descomponer
— descubierta
— descubierto
— desesperar
— diente
— dirigir
— discutir
— distribuir
— enchufar
— enderezar
— enervar
— enfermar
— enfrentar
— enmascarar
— entregar
— entregarse
— escenificar
— escobilla
— esmerarse
English:
acquaint
— action
— apply
— arm
— arrange
— aside
— best
— blur
— bond
— box
— bracket
— bundle
— bung
— cap
— cast
— cheek
— claim
— code
— collect
— compromise
— connect
— cork
— crack
— cross
— crown
— curb
— date
— dip
— discomfit
— dishwasher
— egg
— end
— endanger
— excite
— face
— fault
— feature
— fetter
— fill in
— fit
— fluster
— follow up
— forewarn
— free
— gather
— get
— glaze
— go
— gown
— grin
* * *
♦ vt
to put;
¿dónde habré puesto la calculadora? where can I have put left the calculator?;
¿qué le pongo? what can I get you?, what would you like?;
póngame una cerveza, por favor I’d like I’ll have a beer, please;
¿cuánto le pongo? how much would you like?;
to put in;
poner algo de mi/tu/[m5]. parte to do my/your/ bit;
poner a alguien en un aprieto/de mal humor to put sb in a difficult position/in a bad mood;
le has puesto colorado/nervioso you’ve made him blush/feel nervous;
ponérselo fácil/difícil a alguien to make things easy/difficult for sb;
poner cara de tonto/inocente to put on a stupid/an innocent face
poner bien algo/a alguien to praise sth/sb;
poner mal algo/a alguien to criticize sth/sb
to fix, to settle on;
to give;
to give, to set;
to send;
to make;
¿me pones con él? can you put me through to him?;
no cuelgue, ahora le pongo don’t hang up, I’ll put you through in a second
to switch put on;
to set;
to put in;
to put on;
puse el despertador a las seis/el reloj en hora I set my alarm clock for six o’clock/my watch to the right time;
¿te han puesto ya el teléfono? are you on the phone yet?, have they connected your phone yet?;
ponlo más alto, que no se oye turn it up, I can’t hear it
to show;
¿qué ponen en la tele/en el Rialto? what’s on the TV/on at the Rialto?;
to set up;
to do up;
to suppose;
¿cuándo estará listo? – ponle que en dos días when will it be ready? – reckon on it taking two days
to say;
¿qué pone ahí? what does it say there?
to put;
¿qué pusiste en la segunda pregunta? what did you put for the second question?
to lay
to take;
♦ vi
to lay (eggs)
♦ v impersonal
se me pone que… it seems to me that…
* * *
1 put;
4 RAD, TV turn on, switch on
11 AUTO put the car in, move into
13
:
* * *
to put, to place
pon el libro en la mesa: put the book on the table
to put in, to add
to put on (clothes)
to contribute
to put in writing
no le puso su nombre: he didn’t put his name on it
to set, to impose
to put, to expose
lo puso en peligro: she put him in danger
to prepare, to arrange
poner la mesa: to set the table
to name
le pusimos Ana: we called her Ana
to set up, to establish
puso un restaurante: he opened up a restaurant
to install, to put in
siempre lo pones de mal humor: you always put him in a bad mood
to turn on, to switch on
to suppose
pongamos que no viene: supposing he doesn’t come
to lay (eggs)
poner a to start (someone doing something)
lo puse a trabajar: I put him to work
la pusieron de directora: they made her director
poner en to put in (a state or condition)
poner en duda: to call into question
to contribute
to lay eggs
* * *
to put on
to write [
pt.
;
pp.
] / to put
to put on / to turn on / to switch on
¿me pones con Asunción, por favor? can you put me through to Asunción, please?
¿me pone un kilo de tomates? can I have a kilo of tomatoes, please?
to supply [
pt. & pp.
] / to put in
to suppose / to say [
pt. & pp.
]
pongamos por caso… suppose… / let’s say…
Spanish-English dictionary > poner
6
dicho
adj.
the aforementioned, aforementioned, this, aforesaid.
intj.
I meant what I said.
m.
saying, adage, aphorism, byword.
past part.
past participle of spanish verb: decir.
* * *
1 saying, proverb
————————
1 said, mentioned
■ dicha casa… the said house…
1 saying, proverb
lo dicho what we (I, you, etc) said
propiamente dicho,-a strictly speaking
* * *
* * *
1.
o dicho de otro modo… — or, putting it another way,…, or, in other words…
bueno, lo dicho — OK, then
• dejar algo dicho, le dejó dicho lo que tenía que hacer antes de irse — she gave him instructions as to what he should do before leaving
• o mejor dicho — or rather
• dicho sea de paso — incidentally, by the way
propiamente 1)
2.
quieren reformar la ley y para dicho propósito… — they wish to reform the law and to this end…
y en la cuarta de dichas cartas… — and in the fourth of these letters…
vamos a hablar de Cáceres: dicha ciudad fue construida en… — and now we come to Caceres: the city was built in…
1) saying
2) remark
* * *
I
— cha participio pasado [ver tb decir 2]
dicho esto, se fue — having said this, he left
bueno, lo dicho, nos vemos el domingo — oright, that’s settled then, I’ll see you on Sunday
eso no se hace, te lo tengo dicho — I’ve told you before, you mustn’t do that
¿le quiere dejar algo dicho? — (CS) do you want to leave a message for her?
me quedan tres días, mejor dicho, dos y medio — I have three, or rather, two and a half days left
II
— cha
adjetivo
demostrativo (
frml
)
en dichas cuidades… — in these cities…
III
del dicho al hecho va or hay mucho trecho — it’s one thing to say something and another to actually do it
* * *
I
— cha participio pasado [ver tb decir 2]
dicho esto, se fue — having said this, he left
bueno, lo dicho, nos vemos el domingo — oright, that’s settled then, I’ll see you on Sunday
eso no se hace, te lo tengo dicho — I’ve told you before, you mustn’t do that
¿le quiere dejar algo dicho? — (CS) do you want to leave a message for her?
me quedan tres días, mejor dicho, dos y medio — I have three, or rather, two and a half days left
II
— cha
adjetivo
demostrativo (
frml
)
en dichas cuidades… — in these cities…
III
del dicho al hecho va or hay mucho trecho — it’s one thing to say something and another to actually do it
* * *
dicho1
1 = adage, dictum [dicta, -pl.], utterance, wise saying, old saying, saying, saw, refrain.
Ex: But now she was beginning to wonder if there was any truth to the old adage that ‘It’s not what you know, but who you know’.
Ex: John Ward’s dictum was that ‘deprivation is as much a lack of information and the knowledge to use it as it is of the basic essentials’.
Ex: One natural strategy for reducing the impact of miscommunication is selective verification of the user utterance meanings.
Ex: Stories range from one-sentence statements we call jokes and wise sayings, through gossip to the most profound and complicated structures we call novels and poems and plays.
Ex: Chapters include drinking and moonshine, courting, old cures and remedies, fishing and hunting, plus a chapter of pithy quotes and old sayings.
Ex: ‘Practice makes perfect’ is a saying that can be applied to reading.
Ex: And his life confirms the famous old saw: No man is a prophet in his own land.
Ex: The importance of the right to information or the right to know is an increasingly constant refrain in the mouths of academics, the media and governments.
* como dice el dicho = as the saying goes, so the saying goes.
* del dicho al hecho hay mucho trecho = easier said than done, There’s many a slip ‘twixt cup and lip.
* dicho bíblico = biblical saying.
* dicho familiar = familiar saying.
* dicho favorito = catchphrase.
* dicho gracioso = witticism, quip.
* dicho ingenioso = witticism, quip.
* dicho popular = adage, wise saying, old saying, saying, familiar saying, saw.
* dicho preferido = catchphrase.
* dicho sin hecho no tiene provecho = actions speak louder than words.
* dichos sabios = nuggets of wisdom.
* entre el dicho y el hecho hay un gran tr = There’s many a slip ‘twixt cup and lip.
* entre el dicho y el hecho hay un gran trecho = many a slip between the cup and the lip.
dicho2
Ex: Throughout, the code is based upon clearly stated principles.
* bien dicho = amen to that!.
* cuatro verdades bien dichas = home truth.
* del dicho al hecho hay mucho trecho = actions speak louder than words, many a slip between the cup and the lip.
* dicho anteriormente, lo = foregoing, the.
* dicho de otro modo = in other words, said differently.
* dicho esto = that said.
* dicho más arriba, lo = foregoing, the.
* dicho sea a su favor = to + Posesivo + credit.
* dicho sea de paso = by the way, on a sidenote, by the by(e).
* dicho sucintamente = economically told.
* dicho y hecho = no sooner said than done.
* la verdad sea dicha = to tell the truth.
* la verdad sea dicha que = if the truth be told.
* o mejor dicho = or rather.
* propiamente dicho = proper, properly.
* ¿Qué ha dicho? = I beg your pardon?.
* título propiamente dicho = title proper.
* verdaderamente dicho = in disguise.
dicho3
Ex: Preferential relationships generally indicate preferred terms or descriptors and distinguish such terms from non-descriptors or non-preferred terms.
* * *
pp
[ ver tb decir2 (↑ decir (2)) ] dicho esto, recogió sus cosas y abandonó la sala having said this o ( frml) so saying, he picked up his things and left the room
bueno, lo dicho, nos vemos el domingo right, that’s settled then, I’ll see you on Sunday
eso no se hace, te lo tengo dicho how often do I have to tell you not to do that?, I’ve told you before, you mustn’t do that
¿le quiere dejar algo dicho? (CS); do you want to leave a message for her?
y, dicho sea de paso, se portó muy bien con él and, I have to say o it has to be said, she was very good to him
y ella, que dicho sea de paso todavía me debe los 500 pesos, … and she, who incidentally still owes me the 500 pesos, …
dijo que ella lo prepararía y ¡dicho y hecho! en diez minutos estaba listo she said she would get it ready and, what do you know? o ( BrE) hey presto, ten minutes later there it was
yo dije que se iba a caer y ¡dicho y hecho! se hizo añicos I said it was going to fall and, the next minute, it smashed o and, no sooner had I said it than it smashed
me quedan tres días, mejor dicho, dos y medio I have three, or rather, two and a half days left
excepto en Guayaquil y Quito: en dichas ciudades … except in Guayaquil and Quito: in these cities …
saying
* * *
Del verbo decir: ( conjugate decir)
dicho es:
el participio
Multiple Entries:
decir
dicho
decir 1 sustantivo masculino:
◊ ¿cientos de personas? — bueno, es un dicho hundreds of people? — well, figuratively speaking
decir 2 ( conjugate decir) verbo transitivo
1
a) ‹palabra/frase/poema› to say;
‹mentira/verdad› to tell;
para ejemplos con complemento indirecto ver división 2
¿eso lo dices por mí? are you referring to me?;
¡no lo dirás en serio! you can’t be serious!;
dijo que sí con la cabeza he nodded;
no se dice `andé’, se dice `anduve’ it isn’t `andé’, it’s `anduve’;
¡eso no se dice! you mustn’t say that!;
¿cómo se dice `amor’ en ruso? how do you say `love’ in Russian?;
¿lo encontró? — dice que sí/no did he find it? — he says he did/he didn’t
b)
2 dichole algo a algn to tell sb sth;
◊ voy a dichole a papá que … I’m going to tell Dad …;
¡ya te lo decía yo! I told you so!
3
a) (expresando órdenes, deseos, advertencias):
harás lo que yo diga you’ll do as I say;
dice que llames cuando llegues she says (you are) to phone when you get there;
dijo que tuviéramos cuidado she said to be careful;
diles que empiecen tell them to start;
le dije que no lo hiciera I told him not to do it
b)
4
¡quién lo hubiera dicho! who would have thought o believed it?;
es muy fácil — si tú lo dices … it’s very easy — if you say so …
b) (sugerir, comunicar):
¿te dice algo ese nombre? does that name mean anything to you?
5
¿qué quieres dicho con eso? what do you mean by that?
6 ( en locs)
como quien dice so to speak;
es decir that is;
¡he dicho! that’s that o final!;
ni que decir tiene que … it goes without saying that …;
¡no me digas! no!, you’re kidding o joking! (colloq);
por así decirlo so to speak;
el qué dirán (fam) what other people (might) think;
ver tb dicho 1
verbo intransitivo
◊ papá — dime, hijo dad — yes, son?;
quería pedirle un favor — usted dirá I wanted to ask you a favor — certainly, go ahead
decirse verbo pronominal
a) ( refl) to say … to oneself
b) ( recípr) to say …. to each other;
dicho 1
◊ — cha pp ver tb decir 2: dicho esto, se fue having said this, he left;
con eso queda todo dicho that says it all;
dicho de otro modo to put it another way, in other words;
dicho sea de paso incidentally, by the way;
y ¡dicho y hecho! en diez minutos estaba listo and, sure enough, ten minutes later there it was
■ adj dem (frml): en dichas ciudades … in these cities …;
dicha información that information;
dichos documentos (en escrito, documento) the above o (frml) said documents
dicho 2 sustantivo masculino
saying
decir
I m (dicho, sentencia) saying: es sólo un decir, it’s just a manner of speaking
II verbo transitivo
1 to say: está diciendo una mentira/la verdad, she’s telling a lie/the truth
no dijo nada, he said nothing
2 (con complemento indirecto) to tell: no le dije mi opinión, I didn’t tell him my opinion
les dijo que esperaran un rato, she told them to wait for a while
3 (opinar, afirmar, proponer) ¿qué me dices de mi nuevo corte de pelo?, what do you think of my new haircut?, te digo que es una extravagancia, I think it’s quite weird
yo digo que vayamos a Cuenca, I suggest going to Cuenca
4 (suscitar interés, una idea) to mean, appeal: ese libro no me dice nada, that book doesn’t appeal to me
¿le dice algo esta cara?, does this face mean anything to you?
5 (mostrar, indicar) to say, show: lo que hizo dice mucho en su favor, what he did says a lot for him
su cara de decepción lo dice todo, his long face says it all
♦ Locuciones: Tel Esp diga o dígame, hello?
digamos, let’s say
digo yo, in my opinion
el qué dirán, what people will say
es decir, that is (to say)
ni que decir tiene, needless to say
no decir esta boca es mía, not to say a word
¡no me digas!, really!
por así decirlo, as it were o so to speak
querer decir, to mean
¡y que lo digas!, you bet! ➣ Ver nota en mean
¿To tell o to say?
Observa que to tell menciona a la persona a la cual va dirigida una frase: Dime tu nombre. Tell me your name. Les dijo que se fueran. He told them to go away.
Por el contrario, to say se centra en el contenido del mensaje, sin importarnos a quién va dirigido: ¿Qué has dicho? What did you say? Dijo que sí. He said yes. ➣ Ver nota en tell.
dicho,-a
I adjetivo
1 said, mentioned: ya os lo tengo dicho, I’ve told you before
dicho de otro modo, in other words
2 (mencionado con anterioridad) dicha publicación, the above-mentioned publication
II m (refrán, sentencia) saying
♦ Locuciones: dicho y hecho, no sooner said than done
mejor dicho, or rather
‘ dicho‘ also found in these entries:
Spanish:
actual
— bastar
— ciudad
— coña
— coordinador
— coordinadora
— decir
— dejar
— desvarío
— dicha
— diversa
— diverso
— frase
— maldad
— mamarrachada
— molesta
— molesto
— mu
— necedad
— picardía
— propiamente
— reafirmarse
— sentencia
— tal
— tata
— tener
— vez
— arrepentido
— bien
— cómo
— deber
— estupidez
— haber
— impertinencia
— indiscreción
— ingenioso
— injusticia
— insensatez
— insolencia
— lengua
— ligereza
— limitar
— majadería
— mejor
— mentiroso
— mirar
— mucho
— negar
— paso
— pavada
English:
actual
— bird
— but
— do
— proper
— rather
— recollect
— said
— say
— saying
— should
— soon
— take back
— what
— witticism
— word
— go
— hear
— message
— ought
— point
— something
— well
— wish
* * *
♦ participio
decir
♦ adj
said, aforementioned;
dichos individuos… the said aforesaid individuals…;
recibió un paquete, dicho paquete contenía… she received a parcel, and this parcel contained…;
lo dicho no significa que… having said this, it does not mean (that)…;
de lo dicho se desprende que… from what has been said one gathers that…;
¿quiere dejarle algo dicho? can I take a message?;
lo dicho: lo dicho, no voy a ir like I said, I’m not going to go;
lo dicho, os veré en el cine ok then, I’ll see you at the cinema
♦ nm
saying;
como dice [m5]reza el dicho,… as the saying goes,…;
* * *
* * *
said, aforementioned
saying, proverb
* * *
Spanish-English dictionary > dicho
7
FARA
go
* * *
(fer; fór, fórum; farinn),
v.
1) to move, pass along, go;
2) with ‘ferð, leið’ or the like added in
acc.
,
gen.
, or
dat.
;
fara leiðar sinnar, to go one’s way, proceed on one’s journey (= fara ferðar sinnar ferða sinna, fara ferð sina, fara för sina, förum sínum);
fara sigrför, to go on the path of victory, to triumph;
fara erendleysu, to fail in one’s errand;
with the road in
acc.
(fara fjöll ok dala);
3) fara búðum, bygðum, vistum, to move, change one’s abode;
fara eldi ok arni, to move one’s hearth and fire;
fara vanstiltr, to go out of one’s mind;
fjarri ferr þat, far from it, by no means;
7) to turn out, end;
svá fór, at, the end was, that;
to fare well, ill;
9) to suit, fit,
esp.
of clothes, hair (ekki þykkir mér kyrtill þinn fara betr en stakkr minn; hárit fór vel);
10)
impers.
,
e-m
ferr vel, illa, one behaves or acts well, ill;
11) fara
e-t
höndum, to touch with the hands,
esp.
of a healing touch, = fara höndum um
e-t
(bið hann fara höndum meinit);
fara land herskildi, brandi, to visit a land with ‘warshield’, with fire, to ravage or devastate it (gekk síðan á land upp með liði sínu ok fór alit herskildi);
12) to overtake (Án hrísmagi var þeirra skjótastr ok gat farit sveininn);
áðr hana Fenrir fari, before F. overtakes her;
13) to ill-treat, treat cruelly;
14) to put an end to, destroy;
þú hefir sigr vegit ok Fáfni (
dat.
) um farit, killed F.;
17) with preps. and advs.:
fara af klæðum, to take off one’s clothes;
fara at
e-m
, to make an attack upon, to assault (eigi mundi í annat sinn vænna at fara at jarlinum);
fara at
e-u
, to mind, pay heed to;
ekki fer ek at, þótt þú hafir svelt þik til fjár (it does not matter to me, I do not care, though);
to deal with a thing, proceed in a certain way;
fara at lögum, úlögum, to proceed lawfully, unlawfully;
hér skulu við fara at með ráðum, act with, deliberation;
with
dat.
, to do, behave;
fara á hæl hæli, to step back, retreat;
fara eptir
e-u
, to go for, go to fetch (Snorri goði fór eptir líkinu; fara eptir vatni); to accommodate oneself to, conform to (engi vildi eptir öðrum fara);
fara fram, to go on, take place;
spyrr, hvat þar fœri fram, he asked, what was going on there;
fara fram ráðum
e-s
, to follow one’s advice;
fara
e-t
fram, to do., perform a thing;
fara fyrir
e-t
, to pass for, be taken for (fari sá fyrir níðing, er);
fara í sess sinn, sæti sitt, to take one’s seat;
fara í klæði, to put on clothes, dress;
to happen, occur (alit þat, er í hafði farit um nóttina);
fara með
e-t
, to wield handle, manage;
fór Hroptr með Gungni, H. wielded (the spear) Gungnir;
to practice, deal in;
to deal with, treat, handle (þú munt bezt ok hógligast með hann fara);
fara með
e-m
, to go with one, follow one (ek skal með yðr fara með allan minn styrk);
fara með
e-u
, to do (so and so) with a thing, to deal with, manage;
fara með málum sínum, to manage one’s case;
fara ór klæðum, fötum, to take off one’s clothes, undress;
to concur, agree (hversu má þat saman f);
fara undan, to excuse oneself (from doing a thing), to decline, refuse (hvat berr til, at þú ferr undan at gera mér veizluna);
fara við
e-n
, to treat one, deal with one in a certain way;
* * *
fóra, 2nd
pers.
fórt,
mod.
fórst,
pl.
fóru;
pres.
ferr, 2nd
pers.
ferr, in
mod.
pronunciation ferð;
pret. subj.
færa;
imperat.
far and farðu (= far þú);
sup.
farit;
part.
farinn; with the suffixed
neg.
fór-a,
Am.
45; farið-a ( depart not),
Hkr.
i. 115
MS.
(in a verse). [In the Icel. scarcely any other verb is in so freq. use as fara, as it denotes any motion; not so in other Teut. idioms; in Ulf. faran is only used once, viz. Luke x. 7; Goth. farjan means to sail, and this seems to be the original sense of fara (vide far); A. S. faran; the Germ. fahren and Engl. fare are used in a limited sense; in the Engl. Bible this word never occurs (Cruden); Swed. fara; Dan. fare.]
A. NEUT. to go, fare, travel, in the widest sense; gékk hann hvargi sem hann fór, he walked wherever he went,
Hkr.
i. 100; né ek flý þó ek ferr, I fly not though I fare,
Edda
(in a verse); létt er lauss at fara (a proverb),
Sl.
37: the saying, verðr hverr með sjálfum sér lengst at fara,
Gísl.
25;
cp.
‘dass von sich selbst der Mensch nicht scheiden kann’ (Göthe’s Tasso), or the
Lat.
‘patriae quis exul se quoque fugit?’ usually in the sense to go, to depart, heill þú farir, heill þú aptr komir,
Vþm.
4; but also to come, far þú hingat til mín, come here,
Nj.
2.
2. to travel, go forth or through, pass, or the like; þú skalt fara í Kirkjubæ,
Nj.
74; fara ór landi, to fare forth from one’s country,
Fms.
v. 24; kjóll ferr austan,
Vsp.
51; Surtr ferr sunnan, 52; snjór var mikill, ok íllt at fara, and ill to pass,
Fms.
ix. 491; fóru þeir út eptir ánni,
Eg.
81; siðan fór Egill fram með skóginum, 531; þeim sem hann vildi at færi … Njáll hét at fara,
Nj.
49; fara munu vér,
Eg.
579; Egill fór til þess er hann kom til Álfs. 577,
Fms.
xi. 122; fara þeir nú af melinum á sléttuna.
Eg.
747; fara heiman, to fare forth from one’s home,
K. Þ. K.
6; alls mik fara tíðir,
Vþm.
1; fjölð ek fór, far I fared,
i. e.
travelled far, 3: the phrase, fara utan, to fare outwards, go abroad (from Iceland), passim; fara vestr um haf, to fare westward over the sea,
i. e.
to the British Isles,
Hkr.
i. 101; fara á fund e-s, to visit one,
Ld.
62; fara at heimboði, to go to a feast,
id.
; fara fæti, to fare a-foot, go walking,
Hkr.
;
absol.
fara, to travel, beg, hence föru-maðr, a vagrant, beggar; in olden times the poor went their rounds from house to house within a certain district,
cp. Grág.
i. 85; ómagar er þar eigu at fara í því þingi eðr um þau þing,
id.
; ómagar skolu fara, 119; omegð þá er þar ferr, 296: in
mod.
usage, fara um and um-ferð, begging, going round.
β. with
prep.
: fara at e-m, to make an inroad upon one,
Nj.
93, 94, 102 (
cp.
at-för); fara á e-n, to mount,
e. g.
fara á bak, to mount on horseback;
metaph.
, dauðinn fór á, death seized him,
Fms.
xi. 150;
f.
saman, to go together,
Edda
121,
Grág.
ii. 256;
f.
saman also means to shudder.
Germ.
zusammenfahren,
Hým.
24:
metaph.
to concur, agree, hversu má þat saman
f.
,
Nj.
192; þeim þótti þat mjök saman
f.
,
Fms.
iv. 382; fara á hæl, or á hæli, to go a-heel,
i. e.
step back. retreat, xi. 278,
Eg.
296; fara undan,
metaph.
to excuse oneself, refuse (v. undan),
Nj.
23,
Fms.
x. 227; fara fyrir, to proceed; fara eptir, to follow.
3. with ferð, leið or the like added, in
acc.
or
gen.
to go one’s way; fara leiðar sinnar, to proceed on one’s journey,
Eg.
81, 477,
Fms.
i. 10,
Grág.
ii. 119; fara ferðar sinnar, or ferða sinna, id..
Eg.
180,
Fms.
iv. 125; fara derð sina, id..
Eg.
568; fara förum sínum, or för sinní, id.,
K. Þ. K.
80, 90; fara dagfari ok náttfari, to travel day and night,
Fms.
i. 203; fara fullum dagleiðum, to go full days-journeys,
Grág.
i. 91; or in a more special sense, fara þessa ferð, to make this journey,
Fas.
ii. 117;
f.
stefnu-för, to go a-summoning;
f.
bónorðs-för, to go a-courting,
Nj.
148;
f.
sigr-för, to go on the way of victory, to triumph,
Eg.
21; fara sendi-för, to go on a message, 540.
β. in a
metaph.
sense; fara hneykju-för, to be shamefully beaten,
Hrafn.
19 (MS.); fara ósigr, to be defeated,
Eg.
287; fara mikinn skaða, to ‘fare’ (
i. e.
suffer) great damage,
Karl.
43; fara því verrum förum, fara skömm, hneykju, erendleysu, úsæmð, to get the worst of it,
Fms.
viii. 125.
4. with the road in
acc.
; hann fór Vánar-skarð,
Landn.
226;
f.
sjó-veg, land-veg,
K. Þ. K.
24; fór mörg lönd ok stórar merkr,
Fas.
ii. 540; fara sömu leið,
Fms.
i. 70;
f.
sama veg, Luke x. 31;
f.
fjöll ok dala,
Barl.
104; fara út-leið, þjóð-leið,
Fms.
iv. 260; also, fara um veg, fara um fjall, to cross a fell,
Hm.
3; fara liði, to march,
Fms.
i. 110.
II. in a more indefinite sense, to go; fara búðum, bygðum, vistum, to move, change one’s abode,
Ld.
56,
Hkr.
ii. 177,
Nj.
151, Vigl. 30; fara búferla, to more one’s household,
Grág.
ii. 409; fara vöflunarförum, to go a-begging, i. 163, 294, ii. 482.
2. the phrases, fara eldi ok arni, a law term, to move one’s hearth and fire.
Grág.
ii. 253; fara eldi um land, a heathen rite for taking possession of land, defined in
Landn.
276.
cp. Eb.
8,
Landn.
189, 284.
3. fara einn-saman, to be alone.
Grág.
ii. 9; the phrase,
f.
eigi einn-saman, to be not alone,
i. e.
with child,
Fms.
iii. 109; or, fór hón með svein þann,
Bs.
i. 437;
cp.
ganga með barni.
4. adding an
adj.
, to denote gait, pace, or the like; fara snúðigt, to stride haughtily,
Nj.
100; fara mikinn, to rush on, 143; fara flatt, to fall flat, tumble,
Bárð.
177; fara hægt, to walk slowly.
β. fara til svefns, to go to sleep,
Nj.
35;
f.
í sæti sitt, to go to one’s seat, 129;
f.
í sess,
Vþm.
9;
f.
á bekk, 19; fara á sæng, to go to bed,
N. G. L.
i. 30; fara í rúmið, id. (
mod.
); fara í mannjöfnuð, Ísl. ii. 214; fara í lag, to be put straight,
Eg.
306; fara í vöxt, to wax, increase,
Fms.
ix. 430,
Al.
141; fara í þurð, to wane,
Ld.
122,
l.
1 (MS.); fara í úefni, to go to the wrong side,
Sturl.
iii. 210; fara at skakka, to be odd ( not even).
Sturl.
ii. 258; fara at sölum, to be put out for sale,
Grág.
ii. 204.
5. fara at fuglum, to go a-fowling,
Orkn.
(in a verse); fara at fugla-veiðum, id.,
Bb.
3. 36; fara í hernað, í víking, to go a-freebooting,
Fms.
i. 33,
Landn.
31; fara at fé, to watch sheep,
Ld.
240; fara at fé-föngum, to go a-fetching booty,
Fms.
vii. 78.
β. with
infin.
, denoting one’s ‘doing’ or ‘being;’ fara sofa, to go to sleep,
Eg.
377; fara vega, to go to fight,
Vsp.
54,
Gm.
23; fara at róa,
Vígl.
22; fara leita, to go seeking,
Fms.
x. 240; fara að búa, to set up a household,
Bb.
2. 6; fara að hátta, to go to bed.
γ. akin to this is the
mod.
use of fara with an
infin.
following in the sense to begin, as in the East Angl. counties of
Engl.
it ‘fares’ to …,
i. e.
it begins, is likely to be or to do so and so; það fer að birta, það er farit að dimma, it ‘fares’ to grow dark; það fer að hvessa, it ‘fares’ to blow; fer að rigna, it ‘fares’ to rain.
etc.
:—no instance of this usage is recorded in old
Icel.
, but the
Engl.
usage shews that it must be old.
δ. with an
adj. etc.
; fara villr, to go astray,
Sks.
565; fara haltr, to go lame,
Fms.
x. 420; fara vanstiltr, to go out of one’s mind, 264; fara hjá sér, to be beside oneself,
Eb.
270; fara apr, to feel chilly,
Fms.
vi. 237 (in a verse); fara duldr e-s, to be unaware of,
Skálda
187 (in a verse); fara andvígr e-m, to give battle,
Stor.
8; fara leyniliga, to go secretly, be kept hidden,
Nj.
49.
6. to pass; fór sú skipan til Íslands,
Fms.
x. 23; fara þessi mál til þings,
Nj.
100; hversu orð fóru með þeim, how words passed between them, 90; fóru þau orð um, the runner went abroad,
Fms.
i. 12; ferr orð er um munn líðr (a saying), iv. 279; þá fór ferligt úorðan, a bad report went abroad,
Hom.
115.
7. fara fram, to go on, take place; ferr þetta fram,
Ld.
258; ef eigi ferr gjald fram, if no payment takes place,
K. Þ. K.
64; ferr svá fram, and so things went on without a break,
Nj.
11,
Eg.
711; veizlan ferr vel fram, the feast went on well,
Nj.
11, 51; spyrr hvat þar færi fram, he asked what there was going on.
Band.
17; fór allt á sömu leið sem fyrr, it went on all the same as before,
Fms.
iv. 112; fara fram ráðum e-s, to follow one’s advice,
Nj.
5, 66,
Fms.
vii. 318; allt mun þat sínu fram
f.
, it will take its own course,
Nj.
259; nú er því ferr fram um hríð, it went on so for a while,
Fms.
xi. 108; a law term, to be produced, gögn fara fram til varnar,
Grág.
i. 65; dómar fara út, the court is set (vide dómr),
Grág.
,
Nj.
, passim.
8. borð fara upp brott, the tables are removed (vide borð),
Eg.
247, 551; eigi má þetta svá
f.
, this cannot go on in that way,
Nj.
87; fjarri ferr þat, far from it, by no means, 134; fór þat fjarri at ek vilda,
Ld.
12; fór þat ok svá til, and so if came to pass,
Fms.
x. 212.
9. to turn out, end; hversu ætlar þú fara hesta-atið,
Nj.
90; fór þat sem likligt var, it turned out as was likely (
i. e.
ended ill).
Eg.
46; svá fór, at …, the end was, that …,
Grett.
81 new
Ed.
; ef svá ferr sem ek get til, if it turns out as I guess,
Dropl.
30,
Vígl.
21; ef svá ferr sem mín orð horfa til,
Fms.
v. 24; ef svá ferr sem mik varir, if it comes to pass as it seems to me, vi. 350; svá fór um sjóferð þá,
Bjarni
202; á sömu leið fór um aðra sendi-menn,
Eg.
537; to depart, die, þar fór nýtr maðr,
Fs.
39; fara danða-yrði, to pass the death-weird, to die, Ýt. 8.
10. to fare well, ill, in addressing; fari þér vel, fare ye well,
Nj.
7; biðja e-n vel fara, to bid one farewell,
Eg.
22,
Ld.
62; far heill ok sæll,
Fms.
vii. 197: in a bad sense, far þú nú þar, ill betide thee!
Hbl.
60; far (impers.) manna armastr,
Eg.
553; Jökull bað hann fara bræla armastan,
Finnb.
306; fari þér í svá gramendr allir,
Dropl.
23.
11. fara í fat, í brynju (acc.),
etc.
, to dress, undress; but fara ór fötum (dat.), to undress,
Fms.
x. 16, xi. 132, vii. 202,
Nj.
143,
Gh.
16,
etc.
1. to suit, fit,
esp.
of clothes, hair, or the like; ekki þykkir mér kyrtill þinn fara betr en stakkr minn,
Fas.
ii. 343; hárið fór vel,
Nj.
30; jarpr á hár ok fór vel hárit,
Fms.
ii. 7; gult hár sem silki ok fór fagrliga, vi. 438,
Fs.
88; klæði sem bezt farandi,
Eb.
256; var sú konan bezt
f.
, the most graceful, lady-like, Ísl. ii. 438; fór ílla á hestinum, it sat ill on the horse,
Bs.
i. 712.
2.
impers.
it goes so and so with one,
i. e.
one behaves so and so: e-m ferr vel, ílla,
etc.
, one behaves well, ill,
etc.
; honum hafa öll málin verst farit, he has behaved worst in the whole matter,
Nj.
210; bezta ferr þér,
Fms.
vii. 33; vel mun þér fara,
Nj.
55; at honum fari vel, 64; þer hefir vel farit til mín,
Finnb.
238; e-m ferr vinveittliga, one behaves in a friendly way,
Nj.
217; ferr þér þá bezt jafnan ok höfðinglegast er mest liggr við, 228; mun honum nokkurn veg vel
f.
,
Hrafn.
10; údrengiliga hefir þér farit til vár,
Ld.
48; ferr þér illa,
Nj.
57; hversu Gunnari fór, how ( well) G. behaved, 119.
3. fara at e-u, to deal with a thing (
i. e.
proceed) so and so; svá skal at sókn fara, thus is the pleading to be proceeded with,
Grág.
i. 323; svá skal at því
f.
at beiða …, 7; fara at lögum, or úlögum at e-u, to proceed lawfully or unlawfully, 126; hversu at skyldi
f.
, how they were to proceed,
Nj.
114; fara mjúklega at, to proceed gently,
Fms.
vii. 18; hér skulu vér
f.
at með ráðum, to act with deliberation,
Eg.
582; Flosi fór at öngu óðara ( took matters calmly), en hann væri heima,
Nj.
220.
β.
impers.
with
dat.
, to do, behave; ílla hefir mér at farit, I have done my business badly,
Hrafn.
8; veit Guð hversu hverjum manni mun at
f.
,
Fms.
x. 212: in
mod.
phrases, to become, ironically, þér ferr það, or þér ferst það, it becomes thee,
i. e.
‘tis too bad of thee.
γ. hví ferr konungrinn nú svá (
viz.
at),
Fms.
i. 35; er slíkt úsæmiliga farit, so shamefully done,
Nj.
82; hér ferr vænt at, here things go merrily, 232; karlmannliga er farit, manfully done, 144.
δ. to mind, care about; ekki ferr ek at, þótt þú hafir svelt þik til fjár, it does not matter to me, I do not care, though …,
Nj.
18; ekki munu vit at því fara ( never mind that), segir Helgi, 133.
ε. fara eptir, to be in proportion; hér eptir fór vöxtr ok afl, his strength and stature were in proportion,
Clar.
4. fara með e-t, to wield, handle, manage; fór Hroptr með Gungni, H. wielded Gungni ( the spear), Kormak;
f.
með Gríðar-völ, to wield the staff G.,
Þd.
9: as a law term, to wield, possess; fara með goðorð, to keep a goðorð,
esp.
during the session of parliament,
Dropl.
8,
Grág.
and
Nj.
passim; fara með sök, to manage a lawsuit,
Grág.
,
Nj.
; or, fara við sök, id.,
Nj.
86.
β.
metaph.
to practise, deal in; fara með rán, to deal in robbing,
Nj.
73; fara með spott ok háð, to go sporting and mocking, 66;
f.
með fals ok dár,
Pass.
16. 5; fara með galdra ok fjölkyngi,
K. Þ. K.
76;
f.
með hindr-vitni,
Grett.
111;
cp.
the phrase, farðu ekki með það, don’t talk such nonsense.
γ. to deal with, treat, handle; þú munt bezt ok hógligast með hann fara, thou wilt deal with him most kindly and most gently,
Nj.
219; fara af hljóði með e-t, to keep matters secret,
id.
; Ingimundr fór vel með sögum (better than sögur,
acc.
), Ing. dealt well with stories, was a good historian.
Sturl.
i. 9.
δ. with
dat.
; fara með e-u, to do so and so with a thing, manage it; hversu þeir skyldi fara með vápnum sínum, how they were to do with their weapons,
Fms.
ix. 509; sá maðr er með arfinum ferr, who manages the arfr,
Grág.
i. 217; ef þeir fara annan veg með því fé, 216; fara með málum sínum, to manage one’s case, 46; meðan hann ferr svá með sem mælt er, 93; Gunnarr fór með öllu ( acted in all) sem honum var ráð til kennt,
Nj.
100; ef svá er með farit,
Ld.
152;
f.
vel með sínum háttum, to bear oneself well, behave well,
Eg.
65; Hrafn fór með sér vel, H. bore himself well,
Fms.
vi. 109; undarliga fara munkar þessir með sér, they behave strangely, 188; við förum kynlega með okkrum málum,
Nj.
130; vant þyki mér með slíku at fara, difficult matters to have to do with, 75;
f.
málum á hendr e-m, to bring an action against one,
Ld.
138; fara sókn ( to proceed) sem at þingadómi,
Grág.
i. 463; fara svá öllu máli um sem …, 40, ii. 348; fara með hlátri ok gapi, to go laughing and scoffing,
Nj.
220;
cp.
β above.
IV. fara um, yfir e-t, to pass over slightly; nú er yfir farit um landnám, shortly told, touched upon,
Landn.
320; skjótt yfir at
f.
, to be brief, 656 A. 12; fara myrkt um e-t, to mystify a thing,
Ld.
322; fara mörgum orðum um e-t, to dilate upon a subject,
Fbr.
124,
Nj.
248,
Fms.
ix. 264.
β. in the phrase, fara höndum um e-t, to go with the hands about a thing, to touch it,
Germ.
befühlen,
esp. medic.
of a healing touch; jafnan fengu menn heilsubót af handlögum hans, af því er hann fór höndum um þá er sjúkir vóru,
Játv.
24; ok pá fór hann höndum um hann,
Bs.
i. 644; þá lét Arnoddr fara aðra höndina um hann, ok fann at hann var berfættr ok í línklæðum.
Dropl.
30;
cp.
fóru hendr hvítar hennar um þessar görvar,
Fas.
i. 248 (in a verse): note the curious
mod.
phrase, það fer að fara um mig, I began to feel uneasy, as from a cold touch or the like.
γ.
impers.
with
dat.
; eigi ferr þér nær Gunnari, en Merði mundi við þik, thou camest not nearer to G. than Mord would to thee,
i. e.
thou art just as far from being a match for G. as Mord is to thee,
Nj.
37; þá ferr honum sem öðrum, it came to pass with him as with others, 172; þá mun mér first um fara, I shall fall much short of that,
Fms.
vi. 362; því betr er þeim ferr öllum verr at, the worse they fare the better I am pleased,
Nj.
217.
V.
reflex.
,
esp.
of a journey, to fare well; fórsk þeim vel, they fared well,
Eg.
392,
Fms.
xi. 22; honum fersk vel vegrinn, he proceeded well on his journey, ii. 81; hafði allt farizt vel at, all had fared well, they had had a prosperous journey,
Íb.
10; fórsk þeim þá seint um daginn, they proceeded slowly,
Eg.
544; mönnum fórsk eigi vel um fenit,
Fms.
vii. 149; hversu þeim hafði farizk,
Nj.
90; at þeim færisk vel, Ísl. ii. 343, 208,
v. l.
: the phrase, hamri fórsk í hægri hönd, he grasped the hammer in his right hand, Bragi; farask lönd undir, to subdue lands,
Hkr.
i. 134,
v. l.
(in a verse).
2.
recipr.
, farask hjá, to go beside one another, miss one another, pass without meeting,
Nj.
9; farask á mis, id., farask í móti, to march against one another, of two hosts; þat bar svá til at hvárigir vissu til annarra ok fórusk þó í móti,
Fms.
viii. 63, x. 46,
Fas.
ii. 515.
1.
act.
, koma farandi, to come of a sudden or by chance; þá kómu hjarðsveinar þar at farandi, some shepherds just came,
Eg.
380; Moses kom farandi til fólksins,
Sks.
574; koma inn farandi, 369,
Fbr.
25.
2.
pass.
farinn, in the phrase, á förnum vegi, on ‘wayfaring,’
i. e.
in travelling, passing by; finna e-n á förnum vegi,
Nj.
258,
K. Þ. K.
6; kveðja fjárins á förnum vegi,
Grág.
i. 403; also, fara um farinn veg, to pass on one’s journey; of the sun. sól var skamt farin, the sun was little advanced,
i. e.
early in the morning,
Fms.
xi. 267, viii. 146; þá var dagr alljós ok sól farin, broad day and sun high in the sky,
Eg.
219; also
impers.
, sól (dat.) var skamt farit,
Úlf.
4. 10: the phrase, aldri farinn, stricken in years,
Sturl.
i. 212; vel farinn í andliti, well-favoured,
Ld.
274; vel at orði farinn, well spoken, eloquent,
Fms.
xi. 193;
mod.
, vel orði, máli farinn, and so
Ld.
122; gone, þar eru baugar farnir,
Grág.
ii. 172; þó fætrnir sé farnir,
Fas.
iii. 308.
β.
impers.
in the phrase, e-m er þannig farit, one is so and so; veðri var þannig farit, at …, the winter was such, that …,
Fms.
xi. 34; veðri var svá farit at myrkt var um at litask,
i. e.
the weather was gloomy,
Grett.
111; hversu landinu er farit, what is the condition of the country,
Sks.
181; henni er þannig farit, at hón er mikil ey, löng …, ( the island) is so shapen, that it is large and long,
Hkr.
ii. 188; er eigi einn veg farit úgæfu okkari, our ill-luck is not of one piece,
Nj.
183:
metaph.
of state, disposition, character, er hánum vel farit, he is a well-favoured man, 15; undarliga er yðr farit, ye are strange men, 154; honum var svá farit, at hann var vesal-menni,
Boll.
352: adding the
prepp.
at, til, þeim var úlíkt farit at í mörgu, they were at variance in many respects,
Hkr.
iii. 97; nú er annan veg til farit, now matters are altered,
Nj.
226; nú er svá til farit, at ek vil …, now the case is, that I wish …,
Eg.
714; hér er þannig til farit, … at leiðin, 582; þar var þannig til farit,
Fms.
xi. 34. ☞ Hence comes the
mod.
form varið (v instead of f), which also occurs in
MSS.
of the 15th century—veðri var svá varit,
Sd.
181; ér honum vel varið,
Lv.
80,
Ld.
266,
v. l.
; svá er til varið,
Sks.
223, 224,—all of them paper
MSS.
The phrase, e-m er nær farit, one is pressed; svá var honum nær farit af öllu samt, vökum ok föstu, he was nearly overcome from want of sleep and fasting.
B. TRANS.
1. to visit; fara land herskildi, brandi,
etc.
, to visit a land with ‘war-shield,’ fire,
etc.
,
i. e.
devastate it; gékk siðan á land upp með liði sínu, ok fór allt herskildi,
Fms.
i. 131; land þetta mundi herskildi farit, ok leggjask undir útlenda höfðingja, iv. 357; (hann) lét Halland farit brandi, vii. 4 (in a verse); hann fór lvist eldi, 41 (in a verse); hann hefir farit öll eylönd brandi, 46 (in a verse); fara hungri hörund, to emaciate the body, of an ascetic,
Sl.
71.
2. to overtake, with
acc.
; hann gat ekki farit hann, he could not overtake ( catch) him, 623. 17; tunglit ferr sólina, the moon overtakes the sun,
Rb.
116; áðr hana Fenrir fari, before Fenrir overtakes her,
Vþm.
46, 47; knegut oss fálur fara, ye witches cannot take us,
Hkv. Hjörv.
13; hann gat farit fjóra menn af liði Steinólfs, ok drap þá alla, … hann gat farit þá hjá Steinólfsdal,
Gullþ.
29; hann reið eptir þeim, ok gat farit þá út hjá Svelgsá, milli ok Hóla,
Eb.
180; Án hrísmagi var þeirra skjótastr ok getr farit sveininn,
Ld.
242; viku þeir þá enn undan sem skjótast svá at Danir gátu eigi farit þá,
Fms.
(Knytl.
S.
) xi. 377 (MS., in the
Ed.
wrongly altered to náð þeim); hérinn hljóp undan, ok gátu hundarnir ekki farit hann (Ed. fráit wrongly),
Fas.
iii. 374; ok renna allir eptir þeim manni er víg vakti, … ok verðr hann farinn,
Gþl.
146:
cp.
the phrase, vera farinn, to dwell, live, to be found here and there; þótt hann sé firr um farinn,
Hm.
33.
II. with
dat.
to destroy, make to perish;
f.
sér, to make away with oneself; kona hans fór sér í dísar-sal, she killed herself,
Fas.
i. 527; hón varð stygg ok vildi fara sér,
Landn.
(Hb.) 55; ef þér gangit fyrir hamra ofan ok farit yðr sjálfir,
Fms.
viii. 53; hví ætla menn at hann mundi vilja
f.
sér sjálfr, iii. 59; fara lífi, fjörvi, öndu, id.; skal hann heldr eta, en fara öndu sinni, than starve oneself to death,
K. Þ. K.
130; ok verðr þá þínu fjörvi um farit,
Lv.
57, Ýt. 20,
Fas.
i. 426 (in a verse),
cp. Hkv. Hjörv.
13; mínu fjörvi at fara,
Fm.
5; þú hefir sigr vegit, ok Fáfni (dat.) um farit, 23; farit hafði hann allri ætt Geirmímis,
Hkv.
1. 14; ok létu hans fjörvi farit,
Sól.
22; hann hafði farit mörgum manni,
O. H. L.
11.
β. to forfeit; fara sýknu sinni,
Grág.
i. 98; fara löndum ok lausafé, ii. 167.
2.
reflex.
to perish (but
esp. freq.
in the sense to be drowned, perish in the sea); farask af sulti, to die of hunger,
Fms.
ii. 226; fellr fjöldi manns í díkit ok farask þar,
v.
281; fórusk sex hundruð Vinda skipa, xi. 369; alls fórusk níu menn, Ísl. ii. 385; mun heimr farask,
Eluc.
43; þá er himin ok jörð hefir farisk,
Edda
12; farask af hita, mæði,
Fms.
ix. 47; fórsk þar byrðingrinn, 307; hvar þess er menn farask,
Grág.
i. 219; heldr enn at fólk Guðs farisk af mínum völdum,
Sks.
732: of cattle, ef fé hins hefir troðisk eðr farisk á þá lund sem nú var tínt,
Grág.
ii. 286.
β.
metaph.
, fersk nú vinátta ykkur, your friendship is done with,
Band.
12.
γ. the phrase, farask fyrir, to come to naught,
Nj.
131; at síðr mun fyrir farask nokkut stórræði, Ísl. ii. 340; en fyrir fórusk málagjöldin af konungi, the payment never took place,
Fms.
v. 278; lét ek þetta verk fyrir farask, vii. 158; þá mun þat fyrir farask,
Fs.
20; en fyrir fórsk þat þó þau misseri,
Sd.
150: in
mod.
usage (N. T.), to perish.
δ. in
act.
rarely, and perhaps only a misspelling: frá því er féit fór (fórsk better),
K. Þ. K.
132; fóru (better fórusk, were drowned) margir Íslenzkir menn,
Bs.
i. 436.
3.
part.
farinn, as
adj.
gone, undone; nú eru vér farnir, nema …,
Lv.
83; hans tafl var mjök svá farit, his game was almost lost,
Fas.
i. 523; þá er farnir vóru forstöðumenn Tróju, when the defenders of Troy were dead and gone,
Ver.
36; tungl farit, a ‘dead moon,’
i. e.
new moon,
Rb.
34; farinn af sulti ok mæði,
Fms.
viii. 53; farinn at e-u, ruined in a thing, having lost it; farnir at hamingju, luckless, iv. 73;
f.
at vistum, xi. 33;
f.
at lausa-fé;. iii. 117: in some cases uncertain whether the participle does not belong to A.
Íslensk-ensk orðabók > FARA
8
come
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━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
► to come + preposition
• to come behind sb/sth suivre qn/qch
• to come for sb/sth venir chercher qn/qch
• if it comes to that,… dans ce cas-là…
• when it comes to… quand il s’agit de…► to come + -ing
• to come running/shouting arriver en courant/en criant► to come + adverb/adjective
f. ► to come to + infinitive ( = end up) finir par
g. ( = reach orgasm) (inf!) jouir
• come along! (allez,) venez !
b. ( = progress) faire des progrès ; [plans] avancer
b. ( = fall) [rain, curtain] tomber
e. ( = drop) [prices] baisser
• after the burglary, her neighbours came forward with offers of help après le cambriolage, ses voisins ont offert de l’aider
a. [person] entrer ; [tide] monter
a. [button] se découdre ; [mark] partir
c. ( = succeed) [plan] se réaliser ; [attempt, experiment] réussir
a. come on, try again! allez, encore un effort !
c. ( = start) [night] tomber ; [illness] se déclarer ; [storm] éclater ; [seasons] arriver
( = start discussing) aborder
a. sortir ; [sun, stars] apparaître ; [truth, news, qualities] apparaître au grand jour ; [stain] partir
• to come out for/against sth prendre position pour/contre qch
a. ( = be subjected to) [+ sb’s influence] tomber sous ; [+ attack, pressure] être l’objet de
[+ object, money] fournir ; [+ idea] avoir ; [+ plan] imaginer
* * *
[kʌm]
1.
exclamation
come, come! — allons, allons!
2.
3.
1) () [person, day, success, fame] venir; [bus, letter, news, rains, winter, war] arriver
I came on foot/by bike — je suis venu à pied/à bicyclette
to come through — [person] passer par [town centre, tunnel]; [water, object] traverser [window etc]
come Christmas/summer — à Noël/en été
to come and see/help somebody — venir voir/aider quelqu’un
3) () [dustman, postman] passer; [cleaner] venir
to come to —
to come up/down to — [water] venir jusqu’à; [dress, curtain] arriver à
to come to believe/hate — finir par croire/détester
to come from — [person] être originaire de, venir de [city, country]; [word, legend] venir de [country, language]; [substance] provenir de [raw material]; [coins, stamps] provenir de [place]; [smell, sound] venir de [place]
to come from France — [fruit, painting] provenir de France; [person] être français/-e
to come first/last — arriver premier/dernier
when it comes to something/to doing — lorsqu’il s’agit de quelque chose/de faire
•
Phrasal Verbs:
••
come to that ou if it comes to that, you may be right — en fait, tu as peut-être raison
English-French dictionary > come
9
falta
f.
3 fault.
sacarle faltas a alguien/algo to find fault with somebody/something
falta grave/leve serious/minor offense
6 missed period.
7 shortcoming, lapse, foul, failing.
8 need, want.
pres.indicat.
3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: faltar.
imperat.
2nd person singular (tú) Imperative of Spanish verb: faltar.
* * *
8 DERECHO misdemeanour (US misdemeanor)
a falta de… for want of…, for lack of…
no hace falta que… there is no need for…
por falta de…→ link=a a falta de
¡falta hacía! and about time too!
* * *
1) lack, want
2) fault, error
* * *
SF
1)
a) lack
• falta de respeto — disrespect, lack of respect
¡qué falta de respeto! — how rude!
b)
• a falta de — in the absence of, for want of
a falta de información fiable, nos limitamos a repetir los rumores — in the absence of reliable information, we can merely repeat the rumours, we can merely repeat the rumours, for want of reliable information
a falta de champán para celebrarlo, beberemos cerveza — as we don’t have any champagne to celebrate with, we’ll drink beer
• a falta de un término/sistema mejor — for want of a better term/system
• a falta de tres minutos para el final — three minutes from the end
c)
d)
• echar algo/a algn en falta — to miss sth/sb
educación 3)
2)
• hacer falta, me hace mucha falta un coche — I really o badly * need a car
¡falta hacía! — and about time too!
si hace falta, voy — if necessary, I’ll go, if need be, I’ll go
• hacer falta hacer algo, para ser enfermero hace falta tener vocación — you have to be dedicated to be a nurse
¡hace falta ser tonto para no darse cuenta! — you have to be pretty stupid not to realize!
si hace falta que os echemos una mano, llamadnos — if you need us to give you a hand, give us a call
-¿te han invitado al concierto? -no, ni falta que me hace — «haven’t they invited you to the concert?» — «no, and I couldn’t care less» *
3) (Escol) absence
• poner falta a algn — to mark sb absent, put sb down as absent
4)
a) (Jur) offence, offense (EEUU)
• falta grave — serious offence, serious offense (EEUU), serious misconduct
• falta leve — minor offence, minor offense (EEUU), misdemeanour, misdemeanor (EEUU)
b) (Ftbl, Balonmano) foul; (Tenis) fault
va a sacar la falta — (Ftbl) he’s going to take the free kick; (Balonmano) he’s going to take the free throw
• cometer una falta contra algn — to foul sb
5) shortcoming, fault; flaw, fault
• sacar faltas a algn — to point out sb’s shortcomings, find fault with sb
• sin falta — without fail
6) missed period
* * *
femenino
1) (carencia, ausencia)
echar algo en falta: aquí se echa en falta más formalidad what’s needed here is a more serious attitude; echó en falta sus alhajas — she realized her jewelry was missing
4)
hacer falta: no hace falta que se queden there’s no need for you to stay; hace falta ser tonto para creerse eso! you have to be stupid to believe that!; si hace falta… if necessary…; no hizo falta cambiarlo I/we didn’t need to change it; lo que hace falta es que nos escuchen what they really need to do is listen to us; lo que hace falta aquí es una computadora what’s needed here is a computer; (+ me/te/le etc) le hace falta descansar he/she needs to rest; estudia que buena falta te hace (fam) it’s about time you did some studying; me haces mucha falta I really need you; ni falta que (me/te/le) hace — (fam) so what? (colloq)
5) (infracción, omisión) offense*
agarrar or (esp Esp) coger a alguien en falta — to catch somebody out
sacarle or encontrarle faltas a algo — to find fault with something
7) (Dep)
a) (infracción — en fútbol, baloncesto) foul; (- en tenis) fault
* * *
= anaemia [anemia, -USA], deprivation, failing, fault, inadequacy, infringement, scarcity, shortage, starvation, defect, misdeed, petty crime, gaping hole, foul.
Ex. His work is criticized for its triviality, quantity, linguistically impoverished style, anemia of characterization, and cliched, stereotyped ideas and plots.
Ex. Findings emphasised the escalating deprivation of applied social scientists in general and the local government and voluntary sectors in particular.
Ex. No supervisor should be a tiresome nag, but the achievements and failings of a persons’s performance deserves mention in a constructive way at timely, regular intervals.
Ex. Documents and information can be lost forever by faults in inputting.
Ex. Inadequacies in the specific A/Z subject index entry made for a subject can also occur if the indexer bases his analysis solely on the class number for that subject.
Ex. Strictly speaking, the word piracy or infringement can be applied only to the flowing back of unauthorised reproductions to countries of origen = En su estricto sentido, la palabra piratería o infracción puede aplicarse solamente a la entrada de vuelta a los países de origen de reproducciones que se hayan hecho sin la debida autorización.
Ex. The relative scarcity of music automated authority and bibliographic records likewise increases costs.
Ex. Universities currently facing a shortage of space for books should consider sending a proportion of lesser used journals to the British Library now.
Ex. This approach let to the financial starvation of public libraries.
Ex. This book offers pithy and witty advice on how to write, defects in prose style, punctuation, and preparing a manuscript.
Ex. By preserving and ensuring access to the sordid history told in the tales of the tobacco industry documents, there is hope that as a nation we will not allow a repeat of the mistakes and misdeeds of the past.
Ex. Examples of ‘ petty crimes‘ are riding the train without a ticket, reproducing copyright computer programs, traffic violations, tax evasion, & shoplifting.
Ex. Questia contains thousands of books in the liberal arts, but gaping holes and many old titles diminish its value as a library collection.
Ex. Taking a dive is cheating, but it’s up to the skill of referees to recognise a genuine foul from a ‘dive’.
—-
* adolecer de falta de = suffer from + lack of, lack.
* a falta de = for want of, in the absence of, in default of, for lack of, short of.
* echar muchísimo en falta = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.
* echar mucho en falta = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.
* encontrarle faltas a todo = nitpick.
* falta de actividad = inactivity, inaction.
* falta de adecuación = misfit.
* falta de asistencia = lack of attendance, non-attendance.
* falta de atención = inattention, inattention.
* falta de claridad = fuzziness, obscurity, murkiness, indistinctiveness, indistinctness.
* falta de coincidencia = mismatch.
* falta de comprensión = incomprehension, lack of understanding.
* falta de coraje = act of cowardice, lack of courage, lack of backbone.
* falta de correspondencia = mismatch.
* falta de deseo por la lectura = aliteracy.
* falta de disciplina = indiscipline, disruptive behaviour.
* falta de ética profesional = misconduct, professional misconduct, unethical behaviour, unethical conduct, unprofessional conduct, unprofessional conduct, malpractice.
* falta de idoneidad = unsuitability, inaptness.
* falta de linealidad = nonlinearity [no-linearity], nonlinearity [no-linearity].
* falta de moralidad = amorality, immoral conduct.
* falta de ortografía = misspelling [mis-spelling], spelling error.
* falta de precisión = fuzziness, looseness, looseness of fit.
* falta de profesionalidad = amateurism, unprofessional conduct, professional misconduct.
* falta de representación = under-representation [underrepresentation].
* falta de respeto = disrespect, irreverence, diss, diss.
* falta de rigidez = looseness, looseness of fit.
* falta de uniformidad = patchiness, unevenness.
* falta de valor = worthlessness, act of cowardice, lack of courage, lack of backbone.
* falta de visión de futuro = shortsightedness, nearsightedness [near-sightedness], myopia.
* falta leve = peccadillo [peccadilloes, -pl.], lesser sin.
* faltas y defectos = faults and inadequacies, snags and pitfalls, snags and problems.
* hacer falta = need, must, have to, it + take.
* no hace falta decir que = it goes without saying that, needless to say.
* por falta de = for want of, for lack of.
* remediar la falta de = remedy + the lack of.
* sacar faltas = find + fault with.
* sacarle faltas a todo = nitpick.
* subsanar una falta = remedy + fault.
* tarea falta de interés = chore.
* tener lo que hace falta = have + what it takes.
* ver faltas en = see + faults in.
* * *
femenino
1) (carencia, ausencia)
echar algo en falta: aquí se echa en falta más formalidad what’s needed here is a more serious attitude; echó en falta sus alhajas — she realized her jewelry was missing
4)
hacer falta: no hace falta que se queden there’s no need for you to stay; hace falta ser tonto para creerse eso! you have to be stupid to believe that!; si hace falta… if necessary…; no hizo falta cambiarlo I/we didn’t need to change it; lo que hace falta es que nos escuchen what they really need to do is listen to us; lo que hace falta aquí es una computadora what’s needed here is a computer; (+ me/te/le etc) le hace falta descansar he/she needs to rest; estudia que buena falta te hace (fam) it’s about time you did some studying; me haces mucha falta I really need you; ni falta que (me/te/le) hace — (fam) so what? (colloq)
5) (infracción, omisión) offense*
agarrar or (esp Esp) coger a alguien en falta — to catch somebody out
sacarle or encontrarle faltas a algo — to find fault with something
7) (Dep)
a) (infracción — en fútbol, baloncesto) foul; (- en tenis) fault
* * *
= anaemia [anemia, -USA], deprivation, failing, fault, inadequacy, infringement, scarcity, shortage, starvation, defect, misdeed, petty crime, gaping hole, foul.
Ex: His work is criticized for its triviality, quantity, linguistically impoverished style, anemia of characterization, and cliched, stereotyped ideas and plots.
Ex: Findings emphasised the escalating deprivation of applied social scientists in general and the local government and voluntary sectors in particular.
Ex: No supervisor should be a tiresome nag, but the achievements and failings of a persons’s performance deserves mention in a constructive way at timely, regular intervals.
Ex: Documents and information can be lost forever by faults in inputting.
Ex: Inadequacies in the specific A/Z subject index entry made for a subject can also occur if the indexer bases his analysis solely on the class number for that subject.
Ex: Strictly speaking, the word piracy or infringement can be applied only to the flowing back of unauthorised reproductions to countries of origen = En su estricto sentido, la palabra piratería o infracción puede aplicarse solamente a la entrada de vuelta a los países de origen de reproducciones que se hayan hecho sin la debida autorización.
Ex: The relative scarcity of music automated authority and bibliographic records likewise increases costs.
Ex: Universities currently facing a shortage of space for books should consider sending a proportion of lesser used journals to the British Library now.
Ex: This approach let to the financial starvation of public libraries.
Ex: This book offers pithy and witty advice on how to write, defects in prose style, punctuation, and preparing a manuscript.
Ex: By preserving and ensuring access to the sordid history told in the tales of the tobacco industry documents, there is hope that as a nation we will not allow a repeat of the mistakes and misdeeds of the past.
Ex: Examples of ‘ petty crimes‘ are riding the train without a ticket, reproducing copyright computer programs, traffic violations, tax evasion, & shoplifting.
Ex: Questia contains thousands of books in the liberal arts, but gaping holes and many old titles diminish its value as a library collection.
Ex: Taking a dive is cheating, but it’s up to the skill of referees to recognise a genuine foul from a ‘dive’.
* adolecer de falta de = suffer from + lack of, lack.
* a falta de = for want of, in the absence of, in default of, for lack of, short of.
* echar muchísimo en falta = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.
* echar mucho en falta = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.
* encontrarle faltas a todo = nitpick.
* falta de = lack of.
* falta de acceso = unavailability.
* falta de actividad = inactivity, inaction.
* falta de actualidad = datedness.
* falta de adecuación = misfit.
* falta de agua = water shortage.
* falta de alineación = misalignment.
* falta de ambigüedad = unambiguity.
* falta de armonía = disharmony.
* falta de asistencia = lack of attendance, non-attendance.
* falta de atención = inattention, inattention.
* falta de autenticidad = inauthencity.
* falta de certeza = uncertainty.
* falta de civismo = lack of public spirit.
* falta de claridad = fuzziness, obscurity, murkiness, indistinctiveness, indistinctness.
* falta de coincidencia = mismatch.
* falta de comprensión = incomprehension, lack of understanding.
* falta de comunicación = poor communication.
* falta de conciencia = unconsciousness.
* falta de concienciación = unawareness.
* falta de confianza en = disbelief.
* falta de conocimiento = unfamiliarity.
* falta de control = dirty data.
* falta de convencionalismo = unconventionality.
* falta de cooperación = uncooperation.
* falta de coordinación = misalignment.
* falta de coraje = act of cowardice, lack of courage, lack of backbone.
* falta de correspondencia = mismatch.
* falta de cuidado = sloppiness.
* falta de decoro = impropriety.
* falta de deseo = unwillingness.
* falta de deseo por la lectura = aliteracy.
* falta de dirección = indirection.
* falta de disciplina = indiscipline, disruptive behaviour.
* falta de disponibilidad = unavailability.
* falta de educación = impoliteness.
* falta de elasticidad = inelasticity.
* falta de entendimiento = lack of understanding.
* falta de esmero = sloppiness.
* falta de espacio = tightness of space.
* falta de especificidad = indeterminacy.
* falta de ética académica = academic dishonesty.
* falta de ética científica profesional = scientific misconduct.
* falta de ética profesional = misconduct, professional misconduct, unethical behaviour, unethical conduct, unprofessional conduct, unprofessional conduct, malpractice.
* falta de ética profesional de género = sexual misconduct.
* falta de ética profesional sexual = sexual misconduct.
* falta de fiabilidad = unreliability.
* falta de flexibilidad = inelasticity.
* falta de fondos = underfunding.
* falta de gravedad = weightlessness.
* falta de honradez = dishonesty.
* falta de idoneidad = unsuitability, inaptness.
* falta de importancia = worthlessness.
* falta de información = lack of information.
* falta de interés por cooperar = unresponsiveness.
* falta de linealidad = nonlinearity [no-linearity], nonlinearity [no-linearity].
* falta de mano de obra = labour shortage.
* falta de mérito = unworthiness.
* falta de misericordia = ruthlessness.
* falta de moderación = intemperance.
* falta de moralidad = amorality, immoral conduct.
* falta de notoriedad = low profile.
* falta de ortografía = misspelling [mis-spelling], spelling error.
* falta de oxigenación = oxygen starvation.
* falta de oxígeno = oxygen starvation.
* falta de personal = undermanning.
* falta de pertinencia = irrelevance.
* falta de peso = underweight.
* falta de piedad = ruthlessness.
* falta de precisión = fuzziness, looseness, looseness of fit.
* falta de predisposición = disinclination.
* falta de preparación = unpreparedness.
* falta de profesionalidad = amateurism, unprofessional conduct, professional misconduct.
* falta de pruebas = lack of evidence to the contrary.
* falta de puntualidad = unpunctuality.
* falta de renovación = non-renewal.
* falta de representación = under-representation [underrepresentation].
* falta de resolución = procrastination.
* falta de respeto = disrespect, irreverence, diss, diss.
* falta de rigidez = looseness, looseness of fit.
* falta de sensibilidad = insensitivity.
* falta de sentido = meaninglessness.
* falta de seriedad = flippancy.
* falta de sinceridad = insincerity.
* falta de tiempo = tightness of scheduling.
* falta de uniformidad = patchiness, unevenness.
* falta de unión = disunity.
* falta de valía = unworthiness.
* falta de valor = worthlessness, act of cowardice, lack of courage, lack of backbone.
* falta de visión de futuro = shortsightedness, nearsightedness [near-sightedness], myopia.
* falta de voluntad = reluctance.
* falta leve = peccadillo [peccadilloes, -pl.], lesser sin.
* falta ortográfica = spelling mistake.
* faltas y defectos = faults and inadequacies, snags and pitfalls, snags and problems.
* hacer falta = need, must, have to, it + take.
* no hace falta decir que = it goes without saying that, needless to say.
* por falta de = for want of, for lack of.
* que falta = missing.
* remediar la falta de = remedy + the lack of.
* sacar faltas = find + fault with.
* sacarle faltas a todo = nitpick.
* sin falta = without fail.
* subsanar una falta = remedy + fault.
* tarea falta de interés = chore.
* tener lo que hace falta = have + what it takes.
* ver faltas en = see + faults in.
* * *
¿por qué no vienes? — no es por falta de ganas why don’t you come? — it’s not that I don’t want to
a falta de pan buenas son (las) tortas or ( Méx) a falta de pan, tortillas half a loaf is better than none
D
¡hace falta ser tonto para creerse eso! you have to be stupid to believe that!
a ver si te cortas el pelo, que buena falta te hace ( fam); it’s high time o it’s about time you got your hair cut ( colloq)
ni falta que (me/te/le) hace ( fam); so what? ( colloq), who cares? ( colloq)
E (infracción, omisión) offense*
agarrar or coger a algn en falta to catch sb out
Compuestos:
( Der) (minor) bodily harm
spelling mistake
nonpayment
1 (infracción — en fútbol, baloncesto) foul; (— en tenis) fault
* * *
Del verbo faltar: ( conjugate faltar)
falta es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo
2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo
Multiple Entries:
falta
faltar
falta sustantivo femenino
1 (carencia, ausencia) falta de algo ‹de interés/dinero› lack of sth;
es la falta de costumbre it’s because I’m/you’re not used to it;
fue una falta de respeto it was very rude of you/him/her/them;
eso es una falta de educación that’s bad manners;
a falta de más información in the absence of more information
2 ( inasistencia) tb
le pusieron falta they marked her down as absent
3
a)
si hace falta … if necessary …;
hacen falta dos vasos más we need two more glasses;
le hace falta descansar he/she needs to rest
b)
4 ( defecto) fault;
sacarle or encontrarle faltas a algo to find fault with sth;
falta de ortografía spelling mistake
5 (Dep)
(— en tenis) fault
(— en balonmano) free throw
faltar ( conjugate faltar) verbo intransitivo
1
(en colegio, reunión) who’s absent?;
a esta taza le falta el asa there’s no handle on this cup
nos faltó tiempo we didn’t have enough time
les falta cariño they need affection
2 ( quedar):
◊ yo estoy lista ¿a ti te falta mucho? I’m ready, will you be long?;
nos falta poco para terminar we’re almost finished;
me faltan tres páginas para terminar el libro I have three pages to go to finish the book;
solo me falta pasarlo a máquina all I have to do is type it out;
falta poco para Navidad it’s not long until Christmas;
faltan cinco minutos para que empiece there are five minutes to go before it starts;
¡no faltaba más! ( respuesta — a un agradecimiento) don’t mention it!;
(— a una petición) of course, certainly;
(— a un ofrecimiento) I wouldn’t hear of it!
3
◊ te esperamos, no faltes we’re expecting you, make sure you come;
falta a algo ‹ al colegio› to be absent from sth;
‹ a una cita› to miss sth;
ha faltado dos veces al trabajo she’s been off work twice
¡no me faltes al respeto! don’t be rude to me
falta sustantivo femenino
1 lack: se perdió la cosecha por falta de lluvia, the harvest was lost through lack of rain
2 (ausencia) absence: no notaron su falta, they didn’t miss him
3 (imperfección) fault, defect: tiene faltas de ortografía, he made some spelling mistakes
4 Jur misdemeanour
5 Dep Ftb foul
Ten fault
♦ Locuciones: echar algo/a alguien en falta, to miss sthg/sb
hacer falta, to be necessary: (nos) hace falta un reloj, we need a watch
no hace falta que lo veas, there is no need for you to see it
sin falta, without fail
faltar verbo intransitivo
1 (estar ausente) to be missing: falta el jefe, the boss is missing
2 (no tener) to be lacking: le falta personalidad, he lacks personality
3 (restar) to be left: aún falta para la Navidad, it’s a long time until Christmas
faltó poco para que ganaran, they very nearly won
no falta nada por hacer, there’s nothing more to be done
sólo me falta el último capítulo por leer, I’ve only got the last chapter to read
4 (no acudir) tu hermano faltó a la cita, your brother didn’t turn up/come
5 (incumplir) eso es faltar a la verdad, that is not telling the truth
faltar uno a su palabra, to break one’s word
6 (insultar) faltar a alguien, to be rude to someone: ¡sin faltar!, don’t be rude!
(ofender) no era mi intención faltarte al respeto, I didn’t mean to be rude to you
♦ Locuciones: ¡lo que faltaba!, that’s all it needed!
¡no faltaba más!, (but) of course!
‘ falta‘ also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acrecentar
— adolecer
— ante
— apagada
— apagado
— apercibirse
— apuro
— área
— atonía
— bajeza
— bastarse
— cachondeo
— calor
— carencia
— cometer
— deberse
— debilidad
— delicadeza
— desenfreno
— desgana
— desprecio
— desvergüenza
— dimanar
— distracción
— echar
— educación
— enervar
— enjuagar
— error
— estrechez
— evidenciar
— faltar
— flojedad
— hígado
— incorrección
— informalidad
— injusticia
— inquietud
— inseguridad
— insignificancia
— lastre
— ligereza
— linier
— naturalidad
— ñoñería
— ñoñez
— orden
— osadía
— oscuridad
— pecado
English:
absence
— amiss
— antibiotic
— application
— badly
— carry on
— catch out
— close down
— coordination
— dark
— deficiency
— deprivation
— difference
— diffidence
— disagreement
— disrespect
— fail
— failing
— failure
— fall through
— fault
— folding
— foul
— half-heartedness
— hate
— if
— impurity
— infringement
— joblessness
— lack
— liability
— marble
— microphone
— miss
— missing
— mistake
— muscle
— nearly
— necessary
— need
— news
— numb
— off
— out of
— persuasion
— practice
— practise
— remain
— remorselessness
— self-doubt
* * *
absence;
lack;
shortage;
estoy cometiendo muchos errores, es la falta de costumbre I’m making a lot of mistakes, I’m out of practice;
a falta de un sitio mejor, podríamos ir a la playa in the absence of anywhere better, we could always go to the beach;
echar en falta algo/a alguien to notice that sth/sb is missing;
to miss sth/sb;
a falta de pan, buenas son tortas: no es lo ideal, pero a falta de pan, buenas son tortas it’s not ideal, but it will have to do for want of anything better
si hiciera falta, llámanos if necessary, call us;
¡hace falta ser caradura!, ¡volver a pedirme dinero! what a nerve, asking me for money again!;
espero que lo traten con disciplina, que buena falta le hace I hope they are strict with him, he certainly needs it it’s high time someone was;
no va a venir, ni falta que hace she isn’t coming, not that anyone cares
absence;
falta de asistencia absence
fault;
defect, flaw;
sacarle faltas a algo/alguien to find fault with sth/sb
misdemeanour, offence;
breach;
mistake;
falta grave/leve serious/minor misdemeanour offence;
falta de ortografía spelling mistake;
falta de pago non-payment
foul;
fault;
falta antideportiva unsportsmanlike foul;
free kick;
falta libre directa direct free kick;
missed period;
* * *
f
a
through lack of time;
pitar falta blow one’s whistle for a free kick
6
:
7
:
* * *
lack
hacer falta: to be lacking, to be needed
defect, fault, error
offense, misdemeanor
foul (in basketball), fault (in tennis)
* * *
lack / shortage
foul
Spanish-English dictionary > falta
10
medio
adj.
1 half a, half, half an, mid.
2 average.
3 half-way, halfway.
4 one-half.
adv.
half-way, half, kind of, partially.
m.
1 means, manner, mode, way.
2 center, midway, midst.
3 medium, instrument, means.
4 environment.
5 halfback.
6 medium.
pres.indicat.
1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: mediar.
* * *
■ una velocidad media de… an average speed of…
1 half
quitar algo/alguien de en medio to get something/somebody out of the way
————————
* * *
1.
•
* * *
1) half
• media luna — (Astron) half-moon
asta, luz 1), mundo 2), naranja 1., 3), palabra 1), voz 1), vuelta 1)
2)
• a medio camino, estamos a medio camino — we’re halfway there
plazo
3) average
término 2)
4) average
5)
• a medias, lo dejó hecho a medias — he left it half-done
1) half
es medio tonto — he’s not very bright, he’s a bit on the slow side
2)
está a medio escribir/terminar — it is half-written/finished
3)
rather, quite, pretty
*
1) middle, centre, center (
EEUU
)
• de en medio, la casa de en medio — the middle house
• de por medio, hay droga de por medio — drugs are involved
• en medio, iba a besarla, pero él se puso en medio — I was going to kiss her, but he got between us
• por medio de, pasar por medio de — to go through (the middle of)
de medio a medio —
2) (Dep) midfielder
poner todos los medios para hacer algo, no regatear medios para hacer algo — to spare no effort to do sth
• por medio de, se mueve por medio de poleas — it moves by means of o using a pulley system
4)
pl
los medios : los medios de comunicación ó difusión) the media
6) (Bio) : medio ambiente) environment
7) circle
* * *
I
media hora — half an hour, a half hour (AmE)
a media mañana/tarde dio un paseo — he went for a mid-morning/mid-afternoon stroll
2) (mediano, promedio) average
el ciudadano/mexicano medio — the average citizen/Mexican
II
está medio loca/dormida — she’s half crazy/asleep
III
masculino
1) (Mat) ( mitad) half
2)
el asiento de en or del medio — the middle seat, the seat in the middle
3)
a) (recurso, manera) means (pl)
de por medio: no puedo dejarlo, están los niños de por medio I can’t leave him, there are the children to think of; hay intereses creados de por medio there are vested interests involved; había un árbol de por medio there was a tree in the way; en medio de: en medio de tanta gente (in) among so many people; cómo puedes trabajar en medio de este desorden how can you work in all this mess; en medio de la confusión in o amid all the confusion; en medio de todo all things considered; por medio (CS, Per): día/semana por medio every other day/week; dos o tres casas por medio every two or three houses; por medio de by means of; se comunicaban por medio de este sistema they communicated by means of this system; por medio de tu primo from o through your cousin; de medio a medio: te equivocas de medio a medio you’re completely wrong; le acertó de medio a medio — she was absolutely right
5)
a) (círculo, ámbito)
en medios literarios/políticos — in literary/political circles
en medios bien informados se comenta que… — informed opinion has it that…
b) (Biol) environment
•
* * *
I
media hora — half an hour, a half hour (AmE)
a media mañana/tarde dio un paseo — he went for a mid-morning/mid-afternoon stroll
2) (mediano, promedio) average
el ciudadano/mexicano medio — the average citizen/Mexican
II
está medio loca/dormida — she’s half crazy/asleep
III
masculino
1) (Mat) ( mitad) half
2)
el asiento de en or del medio — the middle seat, the seat in the middle
3)
a) (recurso, manera) means (pl)
de por medio: no puedo dejarlo, están los niños de por medio I can’t leave him, there are the children to think of; hay intereses creados de por medio there are vested interests involved; había un árbol de por medio there was a tree in the way; en medio de: en medio de tanta gente (in) among so many people; cómo puedes trabajar en medio de este desorden how can you work in all this mess; en medio de la confusión in o amid all the confusion; en medio de todo all things considered; por medio (CS, Per): día/semana por medio every other day/week; dos o tres casas por medio every two or three houses; por medio de by means of; se comunicaban por medio de este sistema they communicated by means of this system; por medio de tu primo from o through your cousin; de medio a medio: te equivocas de medio a medio you’re completely wrong; le acertó de medio a medio — she was absolutely right
5)
a) (círculo, ámbito)
en medios literarios/políticos — in literary/political circles
en medios bien informados se comenta que… — informed opinion has it that…
b) (Biol) environment
•
* * *
medio1
= middle, one-half (1/2).
Ex: The purpose of the insert key is to allow the insertion of one or more characters in the middle of a field without disturbing the information already displayed.
Ex: The output of paperbacks accounted for one-third of the total US book production by 1962; nearly one-half of the fiction produced and a quarter of the available titles.
* Alta Edad Media, la = Early Middle Ages, the, High Middle Ages, the, Dark Ages, the.
* a media asta = at half-mast, at half staff.
* a media mañana = mid-morning.
* a medias entre… y… = betwixt and between.
* a medio abrir = half-opened.
* a medio camino = halfway [half-way/half way].
* a medio comprender = half-understood.
* a medio formar = half-formed.
* a medio fuego = medium heat.
* a medio hacer = halfway done, half done.
* a medio plazo = near-term, in the medium term, medium-term, in the mid-term, mid-term [midterm].
* a medio rimar = half-rhymed.
* a medio vestir = partly dressed, half dressed.
* arco de medio punto = round arch.
* baja Edad Media, la = late Middle Ages, the.
* barba de media tarde = five o’clock shadow.
* clase media = middle class.
* cocer a medias = parboil.
* comprendido a medias = half-understood.
* dar media vuelta = do + an about-face.
* darse media vuelta = turn on + Posesivo + heel.
* de la edad media = dark-age.
* del medio = middle.
* del Medio Oriente = Middle Eastern.
* de media jornada = half-day [half day].
* de media mañana = mid-morning.
* de medio día de duración = half-day [half day].
* de medio pelo = small-time.
* de talla media = middle-sized.
* dividir por medio = rend in + two.
* Edad Media = mediaeval ages [medieval ages, -USA], Middle Ages.
* edición media = medium edition.
* en el nivel medio de = in the middle range of.
* en medio de = amidst, in the midst of, in the throes of, right in, amid.
* entender a medias = pick up + the fag-ends.
* enterarse a medias = pick up + the fag-ends.
* entre medias = in between.
* estar a medio camino entre… y… = lie + midway between… and….
* estar en medio de = caught in the middle.
* estar justo en medio de = stand + squarely in.
* foto de medio cuerpo = mugshot [mug shot].
* haber dinero de por medio = money + change hands.
* haber una transacción económica de por medio = money + change hands.
* habitante del Medio Oriente = Middle Easterner.
* histeria a medias = semi-hysteria.
* Hora + y media = half past + Hora.
* IME (Integración a Media Escala) = MSI (Medium Scale Integration).
* justo en el medio (de) = plumb in the middle (of).
* letra rota o a medio imprimir = broken letter.
* línea de medio campo = halfway line.
* media docena = half a dozen, half-dozen.
* media hora = half-hour.
* Media Luna Roja, la = Red Crescent, the.
* media luz = half-light.
* media pensión = half board.
* media tinta = Mezzotint.
* media verdad = half truth, half-fact.
* media vuelta = about-face.
* medio abierto = half-opened, half-way open.
* medio administrativo = quasi-clerical.
* medio adormilado = bleary-eyed.
* medio despierto = drowsily, groggily, bleary-eyed.
* medio día = one-half day.
* medio dormido = drowsily, groggily, groggy [groggier -comp., groggiest -sup.].
* medio en broma = tongue-in-cheek.
* medio + Expresión Temporal = half + a + Expresión Temporal.
* medio hecho = halfway done, half done.
* Medio Oeste, el = Midwest, the.
* Medio Oriente = Middle East.
* medio pliego = half-sheet.
* medio sumergido = half-submerged.
* medio vacío = half-empty.
* medio vestido = partly dressed, half dressed.
* nacido en medio = middleborn.
* nivel medio de gestión = middle management.
* pantalones de media caña = knee breeches, jodhpurs.
* partir por medio = rend in + two.
* Pasado = half + Pasado/Participio.
* ponerse en medio = get in + the way (of).
* Posesivo + media naranja = Posesivo + significant other, Posesivo + better half, Posesivo + other half.
* punto medio = mid-point.
* quedarse a medias = fall (between/through) + the cracks.
* quitarse de en medio = take + Nombre + out.
* quitarse del medio = run for + cover.
* sin obstáculos de por medio = uncluttered.
* tener un problema medio resuelto = have + problem half licked.
* tentempié de media mañana = elevenses.
* un día y medio = one and a half days.
* verdad a medias = half truth, half-fact.
* verse en medio de = caught in the middle.
medio2
2 = average, mainline, mainstream.
Ex: The average family does have very real information needs, even though these may not be immediately recognized as such.
Ex: This is ‘scientific journalism’ at its worst, but its standards are not wholly different from those of the mainline press.
Ex: Some children may be constrained by a mainstream curriculum that does not match their ability level.
* ciudadano medio, el = average man, the.
* como término medio = on average.
* de nivel cultural medio = middlebrow [middle-brow].
* de nivel medio = medium level [medium-level], middle-range.
* de precio medio = medium-priced.
* de talle medio = medium-length.
* de tamaño medio = medium-sized, mid-sized [midsized], middle-sized, mid-size [midsize].
* de tipo medio = middle-range.
* el ciudadano medio = the average Joe.
* hombre medio, el = average person, the.
* la ciudadana media = the average Jane.
* nivel de dominio medio = working knowledge.
* persona con nivel cultural medio = middlebrow [middle-brow].
* por término medio = on average.
* precio medio = average price.
* tener por término medio = average.
* término medio = compromise, balance.
* valor medio = midrange, mean value.
medio3
3 = instrumentality, means, vehicle.
Ex: But there are signs of a change as new and powerful instrumentalities come into use.
Ex: The easiest means of illustrating some of the foregoing points is to introduce in outline some special classification schemes.
Ex: This journal serves as a vehicle for the continuing education of librarians, as a showcase for current practice and as a spotlight for significant activities.
* alfabetización en los medios de comunicación = media literacy.
* anuncios en los medios de comunicación = media releases.
* aprendizaje a través de medios electrónicos = online learning.
* aprendizaje por medio del ordenador = computer-based learning (CBL).
* bibliotecario de medios audiovisuales = library media specialist.
* bien dotado de medios = well-resourced.
* bien equipado de medios = well-resourced.
* búsqueda por medio de menús = menu-assisted searching.
* búsqueda por medio de órdenes = command search.
* codificación por medio de códigos de barras = barcoding [bar-coding].
* codificar por medio de códigos de barras = barcode [bar-code].
* conducir por medio de tubos = duct.
* confundir los medios con el fin = confuse + the means with the ends.
* con medios insuficientes = on a shoestring (budget).
* con medios muy escasos = on a shoestring (budget).
* con medios muy exiguos = on a shoestring (budget).
* con muy pocos medios = on a shoestring (budget).
* con todos los medios a + Posesivo + alcance = with all the means at + Posesivo + disposal.
* desplazamiento por medio del ordenador = computer commuting.
* documentalista de los medios de comunicación = news librarian.
* dotar de medios = resource.
* el fin justifica los medios = the end justifies the means.
* empresa de medios de comunicación = media company.
* enseñanza a través de medios electrónicos = online education.
* enseñanza por medio del ordenador (CBI) = computer-based instruction (CBI).
* entrevista en los medios de comunicación = media interview.
* equipar de medios = resource.
* exceso de medios = overkill.
* expansión de una búsqueda por medio del tesauro = thesaurus expansion.
* industria de los medios de comunicación de masas = mass communications industry.
* interfaz por medio de gráficos = graphics interfacing.
* máquina de registro de préstamos por medio de la fotografía = photocharger, photocharging machine.
* medio de ahorro = economy measure.
* medio de almacenamiento = storage medium.
* medio de almacenamiento físico = physical storage media.
* medio de comunicación = medium [media, -pl.].
* medio de interpretación = medium of performance.
* medio de transmisión = conduit.
* medio físico = physical medium.
* medios = ways and means.
* medios de almacenamiento digital = digital media.
* medios de almacenamiento óptico = optical storage media.
* medios de comunicación = news media.
* medios de comunicación de masas = mass media, mass communications media, communications media, communications media.
* medios de comunicación social = mass media.
* medios de microalmacenamiento de la información = microstorage media.
* medios de producción = means of production.
* medios digitalizados de almacenamiento de información = digitised media.
* medios económicos = economic resources.
* medios, los = wherewithal, the, means, the.
* medios oficiales = official channels.
* medios técnicos = IT capabilities.
* medios visuales = visual media.
* mostrar por medio de cambio de intensidad en el brillo = flash up.
* multimedia = multimedia [multi-media].
* mundo de los medios de comunicación, el = mediascape, the.
* por medio = out of.
* por medio de = by means of, by way of, in the form of, through, via, via the medium of, by dint of.
* por medio de isótopos = isotopically.
* por medio de otro(s) = by proxy.
* por medio de una agencia = on a bureau basis.
* por todos los medios = by all means.
* proporcionar los medios para = provide + the material for.
* ser un medio para llegar a un fin = be the means to an end.
* streaming media = streaming media.
* técnica de recuperación por medio de la lógica difusa = fuzzy IR technique.
* terapia por medio de aromas = aroma therapy.
* tratar por todos los medios de = take + (great) pains to.
* tratar por todos los medios de + Verbo = be at pains to + Infinitivo.
* un medio para alcanzar un fin = a means to an end.
* un medio para conseguir un fin = a means to an end.
* un medio para llegar a fin = a means to an end.
* utilizar al máximo por medio del ordenador = explode.
* * *
(la mitad de): medio litro half a liter, a half-liter
¿quieres media manzana? do you want half an apple?
los niños pagan medio billete or pasaje children pay half fare o half price
a media mañana/tarde siempre da un paseo he always goes for a mid-morning/mid-afternoon stroll, he always goes for a stroll mid-morning/mid-afternoon
¿qué haces aquí leyendo a media luz? what are you doing in here reading in such poor light?
Compuestos:
habla con or (CS) en medioa lengua he talks in baby language
D
● medio hermano, media hermana
masculine, feminine
● medio pupilo, media pupila or medio pupila
masculine, feminine (CS) day pupil
( AmL) half-time
B (mediano, promedio) average
el cuidadano/mexicano medio the average citizen/Mexican
técnico de grado medio technician who has taken a three-year course rather than a five-year degree course
C
1
2
(entre dos): voy a comprar un número de lotería ¿vamos a medios? I’m going to buy a lottery ticket. Do you want to go halves?
D
half
está medio borracha/loca she’s half drunk/crazy
B
el botón de en or del medio the middle button, the button in the middle
quítate de en or del medio, que no me dejas ver get out of the way, I can’t see
C
1 (recurso, manera) means (pl)
Compuestos:
los medios de comunicación sociales or de masas the mass media
means of transport
( Méx) legal challenge
mpl audiovisual aids (pl)
de por medio: no puedo dejarlo, están los niños de por medio I can’t leave him, there are the children to think of
por medio (CS, Per): día/semana por medio every other day/week
E
1
(círculo, ámbito): en medios literarios/políticos in literary/political circles
en medios bien informados se comenta que … informed opinion has it that …
2 ( Biol) environment
Compuesto:
environment
G (moneda) five centavo or centésimo coin formerly used in some Latin American countries
ni medio ( RPl fam): no se ve/no entendí ni medio you can’t see/I didn’t understand a thing
* * *
Del verbo mediar: ( conjugate mediar)
medio es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
medió es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
mediar
medio
mediar ( conjugate mediar) verbo intransitivo
medio EN algo ‹en conflicto/negociaciones› to mediate in sth, to act as mediator in sth
b) ( interceder) medio POR algn to intercede for sb;
medio ANTE algn to intercede o intervene with sb
medio 1
◊ — dia adjetivo
1 ( delante del n) ( la mitad de):
media manzana half an apple;
pagar medio pasaje to pay half fare o half price;
media hora half an hour, a half hour (AmE);
dos horas y media two and a half hours;
a las cinco y media at half past five;
a media mañana/tarde in the middle of the morning/afternoon;
a medio camino halfway;
media pensión ( en hoteles) half board;
(se) dio medio vuelta y se fue she turned on her heel and left;
un jugador de medio campo a midfield player;
medio tiempo (AmL) half-time;
mi media naranja (fam &
hum) my better half (colloq &
hum)
2 (mediano, promedio) average;
a medio y largo plazo in the medium and long term
medio 2 adverbio
half;
todo lo deja a medio terminar he leaves everything half finished
■ sustantivo masculino
1 (Mat) ( mitad) half
2 ( centro) middle;
quitarse de en or del medio to get out of the way
3
a) (recurso, manera) means (pl);
los medios de comunicación the media;
medio de transporte means of transport
b)
4 ( en locs)
en medio de la confusión in o amid all the confusion;
por medio (CS, Per): día/semana por medio every other day/week;
dos casas por medio every two houses;
por medio de (de proceso/técnica) by means of;
por medio de tu primo from o through your cousin
5
a) (círculo, ámbito):
◊ en medios literarios/políticos in literary/political circles;
no está en su medio he’s out of his element
medio ambiente environment;
que no da daña el medio ambiente eco-friendly, environmentally friendly
mediar verbo intransitivo
1 (arbitrar, intervenir) to mediate: España mediará en el conflicto, Spain will mediate in the conflict
2 (interceder) to intercede: mediará por ti, she’ll intercede on your behalf
3 (interponerse) media la circunstancia de que…, you must take into account that…
4 (periodo de tiempo) to pass: mediaron un par de días, two days passed
medio,-a
I adjetivo
1 (mitad) half: sólo queda medio melón, there is only half a melon left
una hora y media, an hour and a half
2 (no extremo) middle
a media tarde, in the middle of the afternoon
clase media, middle class
punto medio, middle ground
3 (prototípico) average: la calidad media es baja, the average quality is poor
la mujer media, the average woman
II adverbio half: el trabajo está medio hecho, the work is half done
III sustantivo masculino
1 (mitad) half
2 (centro) middle
en medio de la batalla, in the midst of the battle
en medio de los árboles, among the trees
(entre dos) in between the trees
un barco en medio del desierto, a ship in the middle of the desert
sal de ahí en medio, get out of the way
3 (instrumento, vía) means: el fin no justifica los medios, the aim doesn’t justify the means
4 (entorno) enviroment
un medio hostil, a hostile enviroment
‘ medio‘ also found in these entries:
Spanish:
achuchar
— adivinarse
— ambiente
— calle
— camino
— coger
— conducto
— coralina
— coralino
— cuerpo
— Ecuador
— elemento
— en
— entorno
— habitar
— lado
— locomoción
— media
— ocupante
— odisea
— oriente
— perder
— por
— radical
— recurso
— sacar
— tener
— término
— tierra
— través
— a
— alzado
— arma
— atontado
— caja
— canal
— derruido
— destruir
— día
— efectivo
— gusto
— hombre
— hostil
— instrumento
— ir
— loco
— Medio Oriente
— mejor
— menos
— meter
English:
about
— air
— and
— average
— backdrop
— between
— bread
— call away
— canter
— centre
— cobble together
— discern
— East
— end
— environment
— environmentalist
— envoy
— freight
— half
— half-dead
— half-dressed
— half-empty
— half-full
— half-open
— half-serious
— half-way
— mean
— means
— medium
— medium-term
— mid
— middle
— Middle East
— middleweight
— midst
— moderate
— on
— over
— part
— resource
— Roman arch
— rough up
— sandwich course
— scrum-half
— semiliterate
— shelf
— slush
— slushy
— stimulate
— television
* * *
♦ adj
half;
halfway through;
como algo a media mañana I have something to eat halfway through the morning, I have a mid-morning snack;
medio fondo waist petticoat slip;
media naranja:
mi/su/[m5]. media naranja my/your/ other better half;
medio pupilo day pupil;
boarder;
medium;
middle;
medio campo midfield;
medio tiempo half-time
average;
mean;
a una velocidad media de 50 km/h at an average speed of 50 km/h
ordinary, average;
♦ adv
half;
♦ nm
half;
middle, centre;
to interfere;
means , method;
los medios de comunicación the media;
environment;
medio ambiente environment;
medio de cultivo culture medium;
el medio rural/urbano the countryside/city;
en medios financieros/políticos in financial/political circles;
midfielder;
halfback
medio (de) apertura fly half, stand-off;
Comp
ni medio: no oye ni medio he’s as deaf as a post;
por medio: nado día por medio I swim every other day
* * *
1 half;
* * *
half
está medio dormida: she’s half asleep
rather, kind of
está medio aburrida esta fiesta: this party is rather boring
half
una media hora: half an hour
medio hermano: half brother
a media luz: in the half-light
son las tres y media: it’s half past three, it’s three-thirty
midway, halfway
a medio camino: halfway there
middle
la clase media: the middle class
average
la temperatura media: the average temperature
middle, center
en medio de: in the middle of, amid
milieu, environment
medium, spiritualist
por medio de: by means of
los medios de comunicación: the media
means, resources
* * *
average
means
Spanish-English dictionary > medio
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Итак, сегодняшний наш материал посвящен английским предлогам, а точнее, уже практике и проверки заданий этой темы. Выполните упражнения на пропущенные предлоги английского языка, вставьте нужный предлог там, где это необходимо.
Данные тесты рассчитаны на учеников уровней elementary и pre-intermediate, а также отлично подойдет, как практическое задание для всех, кто изучает английский язык самостоятельно.
Тренируемся правильно употреблять английские предлоги
Содержание
- Задание на английские предлоги
- Задание на английские предлоги 2
- Задание на английские предлоги 3
- Prepositions 1
- Prepositions 2
- Prepositions 3
Задание на английские предлоги
Заполните недостающие предлоги в следующих предложениях:
1.
I met my husband
a party
2.
Sally has been a teacher
three years.
3.
Many Swedes are good
skiing.
5.
Anne is 25-years-old. but she still lives
her parents.
6.
See you
Wednesday
7 o’clock.
7.
We are having a big party
New Year’s Eve.
8.
Shall we go
the cinema tonight
9.
I got a tie
my girlfriend
Christmas.
10.
Shall we ring
a taxi?
Задание на английские предлоги 2
Продолжаем заполнять недостающие предлоги:
1.
I must introduce you
my cousin.
2.
Don’t eat sweets, they’re bad
your teeth.
3.
I haven’t been to the cinema
years.
4.
Would you like a piece of cake
your cofFee?
5.
How often do you borrow books
the library?
6.
Yes, you’re right, Jane. I agree
you.
7.
Cheers! Let’s drink
your success.
8.
Can you look
the children tonight? I have to go to a meeting.
9.
My children are looking forward
Christmas.
10.
My brother is living
a French girl.
Задание на английские предлоги 3
И еще немного, продолжаем заполнять недостающие предлоги:
1.
Look at the exercise
the bottom of page 17.
2.
We went to Swansea
train.
3.
Do you usually have a party
your birthday?
4.
He put a ladder up
the wall.
5.
I’m really longing
the holidays.
6.
What time did you arrive
London?
7.
There is a bus stop
the end of the road.
8.
My sister is afraid
dogs.
Выполните следующие упражнения:
Prepositions 1
Заполните недостающие предлоги в следующих предложениях:
1.
I’m very interested
football.
2.
Would you like some wine
the meal?
5.
I’ve been learning English
two years.
6.
I went to Stockholm
air.
7.
I bought my son a bicycle
his birthday.
8.
My grandfather was in the army
the War.
9.
He lives
the corner of Green Street and Links Road.
Prepositions 2
Продолжайте заполнять недостающие предлоги в предложениях:
1.
Why are you
such a bad mood today?
2.
Where are you going
your holidays?
3.
Don’t speak
him now; he is not feeling very well.
4.
My wife has just been
Spain.
5.
That’s really typical
John. He says he’ll come but he never turns up.
6.
I’ve know him
many years now.
7.
I must be home
11.30 at the latest.
8.
My children are really looking forward
Christmas.
Prepositions 3
И еще немного недостающих предлогов
1.
Do you usually have a holiday
Easter?
2.
I haven’t seen John
he got married.
3.
What time do you usually get up
the mornings?
4.
My son’s really afraid
dogs.
5.
I’m afraid I’m not very good
English.
6.
See you
4 o’clock, then.
7.
There’s no point
saving nowadays, is there?
Возможно будут интересны другие упражнения:
- Лексические упражнения на части речи
- Лексическое задание английского языка уровня elementary
- Найдите лишнее слово
Ну как, получилось с первого раза без ошибок? Если нет, то рекомендуем проходить тест пока не освоите данную тему и не будете делать ошибки.
Удачи в изучении английского языка!
Просмотры: 6 089
Before is a preposition, an adverb and a conjunction. Before means earlier than the time or event mentioned:
Can you call me back before 5 pm, please?
I met her just before she left.
Warning:
In writing, when we refer back to something that we have already written, we use above not before:
As the graph above shows, the rate of inflation has risen by 15%.
Before as a preposition
We use before most commonly with noun phrases to refer to timed events:
I like to go for a run before breakfast.
You can check in online but you have to do it at least four hours before your flight.
We use before to refer to place, especially when it is seen as part of a journey or as part of a sequence of events in time:
Get off the bus just before Euston Station.
Just before the end of the poem, there is a line where the poet expresses his deepest fears.
Before, by, till, until
If you have to do something before a certain point in time, then when that point arrives, the action must already be completed:
I need to have the letter before Friday. (Friday is too late. I need it in advance of Friday.)
If you have to do something by a certain point in time, then that time is the last moment at which the action can be completed:
Can we finish this meeting by 5 pm. I have to get to the station by 5.30 pm. (5 pm is the latest that I want the meeting to finish and 5.30 pm is the latest that I can arrive at the station.)
If something is done or happens till or until a point in time, it happens over a duration of time, starting before that time and continuing up to that point:
[out-of-office auto-reply message on an email]
I’ll be out of the office until 17th May. I will reply to your email after that date. (I will be back on 17 May, but not before.)
Compare
|
I’ll be there up to five o’clock, but not after. |
|
I may call you before five o’clock but I will call you no later than five o’clock. |
|
I’ll be there earlier than dinner time. |
Before as an adverb
Before often comes after nouns such as day, morning, night, week, month, year to refer to the previous day, morning, etc.:
Two people were ill at work yesterday and three people the day before!
A:
Did you graduate in 1989?
B:
No, actually, I finished college the year before.
Warning:
When we refer to a period of time that is completed and goes from a point in the past up to now, we use ago, not before:
A:
When was your birthday?
B:
It was three weeks ago.
Before as an adjunct
We use before to connect earlier events to the moment of speaking or to a point of time in the past:
I’m so looking forward to the trip. I haven’t been to Latin America before. (up to the moment of speaking)
I introduced Tom to Olivia last night. They hadn’t met before. (up to that point in the past)
Before as a conjunction
We use before as a subordinating conjunction. We commonly use before with the past simple tense. It suggests that the second event happened soon after the first one. The before clause, which indicates the second action, can be at the end or at the beginning of the sentence:
Before she left, she gave everyone a present.
She gave everyone a present before she left.
Before with present tenses
When we use before in clauses in the present tense, the clause can refer to the future:
Before I go to work, I jog for at least an hour.
Not: Before I will go to work …
Before with past tenses
We sometimes use before clauses in a variety of tenses to say that the action or event in the before clause did not or may not happen:
Before I had a chance to thank him, he’d gone.
You’re interrupting her before she has even spoken.
Before he had finished his training, he was sacked.
We should stop shopping now before we spend all our money.
Before with —ing
A non-finite clause with before + ing-form is more formal:
Before bringing the milk to the boil, add the egg. (more formal than Before you bring …)
Just before, immediately before
We can use adverbs such as just, immediately, shortly and long, and expressions involving words such as days, weeks, months, years in front of before:
We got home just before it rained.
The deadline for the essay was 5 pm. I got mine in shortly before five o’clock but Lily had hers in days before the deadline.
Beforehand
We can use beforehand as an alternative to before as an adverb, especially when the reference to time is less specific.
Spoken English:
Beforehand is more common in informal speaking than in writing:
I love singing but I always get so nervous beforehand.
In front of beforehand, we can put adverbs such as immediately, just and shortly, and other time expressions such as days, weeks, months, years:
Months beforehand, Dominic had bought five tickets for the concert.
Other uses of before
Before meaning ‘in front of’
We use before meaning ‘in front of’ in more formal contexts:
Brian was twenty years old. He had his whole life before him.
The Prime Minister went before the people to tell them that he was going to resign.
Before long meaning ‘after a short time’
Especially in writing, we use before long to mean ‘after a short time’:
They’ll marry before long, and then you’ll have more grandsons than you can count.
Before: typical errors
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We use above not before when we refer back to something we have already written:
As stated above, there are four key findings from the study.
Not: As stated before, there are …
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When we refer to a period of time that is completed and which goes from a point in the past up to now, we use ago, not before:
A:
When did you first meet?
B:
Ten years ago when we were in college.
Not: Ten years before when …