What the word environment means simply what is around us

The word environment means simply what is around us. Some people live in a town environment; for others, their environment is the countryside. Nowadays people understand how important it is to solve the environment problems that endanger people’s lives. The most serious environmental problems are: · Pollution in its many forms (water pollution, air pollution, nuclear pollution) · Noise from cars, buses, planes, etc. · Destruction of wildlife and countryside beauty · Shortage of natural resources (metals, different kinds of fuel) .

The growth of population Water Pollution. There is no ocean or sea, which is not used as a dump. Many seas are used for dumping industrial and nuclear waste. This poisons and kills fish and sea animals. “Nuclear-poisoned” fish can be eaten by people. Many rivers and lakes are poisoned too. Fish and reptiles can’t live in them.

There is not enough oxygen in the water. In such places all the birds leave their habitats and many plants die. If people drink this water they can die too. It happens so because factories produce a lot of waste and pour it into rivers. So they poison water. Air pollution. Most of the pollution in big cities comes from cars and buses.

More and more often people are told not to be in direct sunlight, because ultraviolet radiation from the sun can cause skin cancer. Normally the ozone layer in the atmosphere protects us from such radiation, but if there are holes in the ozone layer ultraviolet radiation can get to the earth. Many scientists think that these holes are the result of air pollution. Nuclear power stations can go wrong and cause nuclear pollution. Both clean air and clean water are necessary for our health.

If people want to survive they must solve these problems quickly. Man is beginning to understand that his environment is not just his own town or country, but the whole earth. That’s why people all over the world think and speak so much about ecology.

Environment and ecology – Окружающая среда и экология

Светило науки — 8 ответов — 0 раз оказано помощи

The word environment means simply what is around us. Some people live in atown environment; for others, their environment is the countryside. But the airwe breathe, the soil on which we stand and walk, the water we drink are all partof the environment. 
Nowadays people understand how important it is to solve the environmentalproblems that endanger people’s lives. The most serious environmentalproblems are: 
 pollution in its many forms (water pollution, air pollution, nuclear pollution); 
noise from cars, buses, planes, etc.; 
destruction of wildlife and countryside beauty; 
shortage of natural resources (metals, different kinds of fuel); 
the growth of population. Среда слово означает просто то, что нас окружает . Некоторые люди живут в городской среде ; для других, их окружение сельской местности . Но воздух, которым мы дышим, почва, на которой мы стоять и ходить , вода , которую мы пьем , являются частью окружающей среды .
В настоящее время люди понимают , насколько важно для решения экологических проблем, которые ставят под угрозу жизнь людей . Наиболее серьезными экологическими проблемами являются :
 загрязнение во многих его формах (загрязнение воды , загрязнение воздуха, загрязнение окружающей среды ) ядерная ;
шум от автомобилей, автобусов, самолетов и т.д .;
уничтожение дикой природы и сельской красоты ;
нехватка природных ресурсов ( металлов , различные виды топлива) ;
рост численности населения .

ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS 

      The word environment means simply what is around us. Some people live in a town environment; their environment is the countryside. But the air we breathe, the soil on which we stand and walk, the water we drink are all part of the environment. Nowadays people understand how important it is to solve the environmental problems that endanger people’s lives. The most serious environmental problems are:

· pollution in its many forms (water pollution, air pollution, nuclear pollution);

· noise from cars, buses, planes, etc.;

· destruction of wildlife and countryside beauty;

· shortage of natural resources (metals, different kinds of fuel);

· the growth of population.

WATER POLLUTION

      The sea waters today are very dangerous. There is no ocean or sea which is not used as a dump. The Pacific Ocean, especially, has suffered from nuclear pollution because the French Government tests nuclear weapons there. Many seas are used for dumping industrial and nuclear waste. Britain alone dumps 250,000 tons of industrial waste straight into the North Sea. This poisons and kills fish and sea animals. «Nuclear-poisoned” fish can be eaten by people.

     Many rivers and lakes are poisoned too. Fish and reptiles can’t live in them. There is not enough oxygen in the water. In such places all the birds leave their habitats and many plants die. If people drink this water, they can die too. It happens so because factories and plants produce a lot of waste and pour it into rivers. So they poison the water. Factories use clean water. After the water is used it becomes poison which goes back into rivers, lakes and seas.

AIR POLLUTION

      When the Americans decided to clean up the Statue of Liberty in 1986, the first thing they had to do was to make a hole in her nose and take away the acid rain that had collected inside. The polluted air of New York had mixed with the rain and damaged the Statue badly. And you certainly know that most of the pollution in big cities comes from cars and buses. More and more often people are told not to be in direct sunlight, because ultraviolet radiation from the sun can cause skin cancer. Normally the ozone layer in the atmosphere protects us from such radiation, but if there are holes in the ozone layer, ultraviolet radiation can get to the earth. Many scientists think that these holes are the result of air pollution.

       Nuclear power stations can go wrong and cause nuclear pollution. This happened in Windscale in Britain, in Three Mile Island in the USA and Chernobyl in the former Soviet Union. Nuclear pollution cannot be seen but its effects can be terrible. To make air clean again we need good filters at nuclear power stations, at factories and plants and also in cars and buses.

      Both clean air and clean water are necessary for our health. If people want to survive, they must solve these problems quickly. Man is beginning to understand that his environment is not just his own town or country, but the whole earth. That’s why people all over the world think and speak so much about ecology. 

VOCABULARY

an environment (n): окружающая среда; healthy environment. A noisy room is not the best environment to work in. many people understand they should protect the environment. Cars are ruining our environment.

to pollute(v): загрязнять; to pollute the water, air, atmosphere means to make it dirty and dangerous for people and animals to live in or to use. Nowadays many newspapers write about the polluted atmosphere of towns and cities.

pollution (n): загрязнение; еnvironmental pollution is becoming dangerous. Many scientists speak about serious changes in the climate because of the pollution of the atmosphere. The government didn’t seem to notice the pollution and the noise.

to cause (v): быть причиной, вызывать; to cause a fire, to cause an illness, to cause danger. A burning cigarette caused the fire. What causes hot air to rise? Overeating causes a lot of diseases. a destruction (n): разрушение, уничтожение; an awful destruction, the destruction of the environment. As the result of the fire we can speak about the destruction of the whole forest. The destruction of the city took place in 1942. Pouring oil into the water will cause pollution and the destruction of our seas and rivers.

a shortage (n): недостаток, нехватка.There was no shortage of helpers. After the hot summer there was a shortage of water.

a population (n): население; a small population, with a population less than … .What’s the population of London? The population in Western European countries is growing. Moscow is a city with a population over 10 million.

a dump (n): свалка.Take all that litter to the town rubbish dump. This town is a real dump!

to dump (v): выбрасывать на свалку.They dumped a lot of rubbish in the river. All the countries protest against dumping acid wastes in the seas and oceans.

waste (n): отходы; nuclear waste, radioactive waste, industrial waste. A lot of waste from factories and plants goes into the river. The scientists try to solve the problem of radioactive waste.

poison (n): яд.There’s poison in some mushrooms. In the fairy tale the princess ate an apple with poison but she didn’t die, she only fell asleep.

to poison (v): отравить.People can be poisoned by industrial waste. Someone tried to poison our dog’s food. Isn’t it cruel?

nuclear (adj): ядерный; a nuclear war, nuclear tests, a nuclear-free zone. There are no winners in nuclear war. Nuclear waste endangers people’s lives. People all over the world protest against nuclear tests. I should like to see Europe as a nuclear- free zone.

a weapon (n): оружие; nuclear weapons. Guns and knives are weapons; they are used to kill or hurt people in a fight or a war. That night the great detective was not carrying a weapon. What countries of the world have got nuclear weapons?

to survive (v): выживать.The first settlers in America survived their first severe winter on the new continent and celebrated it with their Indian friends.

safe (adj): безопасный, надёжный. This food is not safe for babies. Bye-bye, have a safe journey. A knife is not a safe toy.

oxygen (n) — кислород

a rainforest — тропический лес

carbon dioxide — углекислый газ

the greenhouse affect — парниковый эффект

an influence, to influence — влияние, влиять

Find in the text and read out English equivalents of these words and words combinations:

1) жить в условиях города

2) решать проблемы окружающей среды

3) угрожать жизни людей, подвергать жизнь людей опасности

4) загрязнение водной среды 5) загрязнение воздуха

6) разрушение, уничтожение живой природы

7) красота сельского ландшафта

нехватка природных ресурсов

9) использоваться в качестве мусорной свалки

10) проводить испытания ядерного оружия

11) промышленные и ядерные отходы

12) рыба, подвергшаяся радиационному заражению

13) покидать места своего обитания

14) сливать отходы в близлежащие реки

15) сильно испортил статую

16) атомные электростанции

17) испортиться, выйти из строя

Answer these questions on the text:

1. What does the word environment mean?

2. What are the most serious environmental problems? Which of them are described in the text?

3. What makes the sea waters dangerous nowadays?

4. Why is it dangerous to dump industrial waste in the sea?

5. Why was the Statue of Liberty in New York damaged?

6. Where does air pollution in the cities mostly come from?

7. Why is it not safe to be in direct sunlight in certain places?

8. Why are nuclear power stations dangerous?

Choose the best way to define these:

Pollution:

1) dirty water, air and atmosphere;

2) making water, air, atmosphere dirty and dangerous for people and animals to live in;

3) people who make water, air and atmosphere dirty and dangerous.

Environment:

1) air, water and land, in which people, animals and plants live;

2) an organization that wants to protect the natural world;

3) something that we do to prevent air and water pollution.

Ecology:

1) natural balance between plants, animals, people and their environment;

2) plants growing in some area;

3) part of medicine that helps people to lead a healthy life.

Greenhouse effect:

1) a building in a garden or park which has glass walls and a glass roof in which you grow plants;

2) a salad made mainly with green vegetables;

3) the problem of temperature rise in the Earth’s atmosphere.

Prove the following with the help of the text.

1) Nowadays there are a lot of environmental problems.

2) People destroy many habitats of animals.

3) Direct sunlight can be dangerous.

4) Nuclear power stations can cause a lot of trouble.

5) Man should solve ecological problems as soon as possible.

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The world environment means simply what is around us. Some people live in towns, other in the country. There are a lot of ecological problems.. The most serious ecological problems are: noise from cars and buses; destruction of wildlife and countryside beauty; shortage of natural resources; the growth of population; pollution in its many forms For example water pollution: water is everywhere, but there is no ocean or sea which is not used as a dump. Many rivers and lakes are poisoned too. Fish and reptiles can t live in them. People can’t drink this water. So we have to clean the water environment. But it is not the only problem with pollution. Another problem is air pollution. Air pollution influents the health of people. There are a lot of dangerous. For example: ultraviolet radiation from the sun can cause skin cancer. Normally the ozone layer in the atmosphere protects us from such radiation, but if there are holes in the ozone layer ultraviolet radiation can get to the earth. Many scientists think that these holes are the result of air pollution. Also we have problem with nuclear pollution. Nuclear pollution cannot be seen but its effect can be terrible. To make air clear clean again we need good filters at nuclear power stations, at factories, in cars and buses. Another problem is growth of population. They don t have enough places to live. They need more water, more food. So it is the reason of the shortage of the natural resources. It is very difficult to solve this problem. Also one of the most serious problems is green house effect. It works like this: sunlight gives us heat. Some of the heat warms the atmosphere and some of the heat goes back into space. Nowadays the heat can t go into space. That s why winter and summer temperatures in many places have become higher. If the temperature continue growing up the snow on the mountains and ice will melt, so the most of the earth will be under water. So every person has to understand how important it is to solve this problems, that endanger people s life. For example I try not to throw out in our city.

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Created by Vazheliuk Liza

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The world environment means simply what is around us. Some people live in a town environment. But the air we breathe, the soil on which we stand and walk, the water we drink are all part of the environment.

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Every day we hear about environmental problems: Acid rain Pollution Climate change The destruction of rainforests and other wild habitats

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Millions of cars and smoky factories pollute and spoil the air we breathe in. Pollution is hanging over big cities like an ugly brown cloud. It is hurting our lungs as well as the life of animals, birds and plants.

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The threat of water pollution is no less dangerous. The amount of waste into the water must be reduced. In the polluted water fish dies first, people may die next.

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The seas are in danger. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

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Acid rains are dangerous for animals, plants, water and people.

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Forest fires are one of the greatest natural destroyers of our forests. Each year fires burn millions of hectares of forest all over the world.

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The Earth has been getting hotter because we are producing too many greenhouse gases. Because the Earth is getting hotter, ice is melting. Scientists say that in 2050 some parts of Great Britain will be under the sea.

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In the world there are a lot of animals and birds that are in danger. They are in The International Red Book.

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We can recycle newspapers, bottles and metal cans. We mustnt cut down trees. Feed birds in winter. Protect wildlife, plants and trees. Keep all water clean. Dont use aerosol sprays. Dont use chemicals in the garden. Turn off the light when you leave the room. Dont cut wild flowers. Try to avoid buying plastic. Its hard to recycle.

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Dont throw the paper Put litter away Put it in a rubbish bin Never break plants and baby trees Dont paint on trees Dont leave fire Dont waste energy Organize ecological activity Safe energy Safe water Use paper, not plastic

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1.en.wikipedia.org Видео фрагмент з Youtube

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Урок по теме «Окружающая среда» 8 класс.

Учитель английского языка Яглова Ольга Петровна.

Цели урока.

Обучающие: 
– введение новых лексических единиц по теме: “Окружающая среда”

– практика в восприятии речи на слух с
опорой на текст и иллюстрации;
—Тренировка грамматического материала по теме “Условные предложения I,
II и III типов” в новых ситуациях общения;

—тренировка навыков
говорения с использованием новой лексики.

 Развивающие:
– развитие социально-культурной образованности учащихся

– развитие интереса к предмету.

Воспитывающие:
— Формирование уважительного и
ответственного отношения к природе

— воспитание
бережливости и осознание роли человека во взаимодействии с   

   природой,
формирование способности осознавать экологические проблемы и   

   желания помочь
природе;

— Привлечение
интереса к проблемам окружающей среды.

Оборудование:

Компьютер.

Мультимедиапроектор.

Раздаточный материал
в виде карточек. 

Презентация (выполнена в программе
“Microsoft Power Point”).

Ход урока:

I Вступительная часть.

1)
Приветствие.   

Good morning! I’m glad to see! I hope you’re fine and ready to take an active part in the lesson
today. You
will hear a lot of new words.

2) Практика восприятия речи на слух с визуальной опорой.

     Введение новой  лексики.

Look at
the screen, please. Our planet is amazingly beautiful.

My
comments and pictures will help you to guess their meaning of new words.

What are we
going to discuss today? Yes, you are right! The topic
is: “Environment”

What is
environment?

The word environment
means simply what is around us (the air, water, and land around us).

Some
people live in a town environment; for others, their environment is the
countryside. But the air we breathe, the soil on which we stand and walk, the
water we drink are all part of the environment.

Some kinds
of human activities cause pollution (dirty air, water, land)

Some of
their activities are destroying the environment (damaging it so
badly that soon some parts of it will not exist).

Here are
some of the problems:

The
ozone layer: a
layer of gases which stop harmful radiation from the sun reaching the earth;
recent research shows that there is now a hole in some parts of the ozone
layer.

Global
warming: an
increase in world temperature caused by an increase in carbon dioxide.

Acid rain: rain that contains dangerous
chemicals; this is caused by smoke from factories.

Common
causes of damage

smoke
from factories

car
exhaust fumes

dumping
(throwing away)
industrial waste in seas and rivers.

aerosol
cans (usually
called sprays). Some of these contain CFCs which can damage the ozone layer.

cutting
down tropical rainforests.  This
increases carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

How can we
help?

Don’t
throw away bottles, cans, packages. Take them to a bottle bank or a newspaper
bank then they can be recycled (used again)

Plant more trees.

Don’t waste
( use badly) resources, e.g. water, gas. Try to save them.

                   Nowadays
people understand how important it is to solve the environmental problems that
endanger people^’s lives.

These
are our active words. Let’s try pronounce them correctly and  translate.

·       
environment
(the air, water, and land around us)

·       
pollution
(dirty air, water, land)

·       
destroy , (syn. damage)   the ozone layer

·       
global warming

·       
acid rain

·       
smoke from
factories

·       
car exhaust
fumes

·       
industrial
waste

·       
Dumping
industrial waste in seas and rivers

·       
tropical
rainforests

·       
Cutting down
tropical rainforests

·       
carbon dioxide

·       
recycled (used again)

·       
Plant

·       
waste ( use
badly), ant. save

·       
natural
resources

II. Основная      часть

Применение полученных знаний:

—тренировка новой
лексики.

1.    
Fill the
gaps to form a compound noun or phrase.

1)   
the ………layer

2)   
……………rain

3)   
………….waste

4)   
………….warming

5)   
………….fumes

6)   
…………..rainforests

7)   
natural or
human ………….

   
………..from 
factories

1)   
the ozone
layer

2)   
acid rain

3)   
industrial waste

4)   
global warming

5)   
car exhaust  fumes

6)   
tropical rainforests

7)   
natural or
human resourses

   
smoke from  factories

2.    
Complete
the word –building tables.

Noun	Verb
Waste	……………
…………………	protect
…………………	destroy
Pollution	……………
Damage	……………

Noun	Verb
waste	waste
protection…	protect
destruction	destroy
pollution	pollute
damage	damage

Noun	Adjective
damage	……………
environment	……………
harm	……………
danger	……………
	safe

Noun	Adjective
damage	damaging
environment	environmental
harm	harmful
danger	dangerous
safety	safe

3.    
Complete
the definitions.

1)   
Conservation is
the protection of natural things, e.g. ……………and ……………..

2)   
Acid rain is
rain that contains dangerous chemicals. It is caused by …………….

3)   
The ozone layer
is a layer of gases that stop dangerous radiation from the sun from reaching
…………………………………

4)   
Global warming
is an increase in ……………………………

5)   
CFC
(chlorofluorocarbon) is a chemical which …………………

4.    
If we
want to look after the environment, there are certain things we should and
shouldn’t do. Complete these two lists in suitable ways.

We should:

……………………..
paper, bottles and clothes.

……………………..
tropical rainforests.

……………………..
water and energy.

We
shouldn’t:

……………………..
paper, bottles and clothes

……………………..
the ozone layer

……………………..
water and energy

……………………..
tropical rainforests.

5.    
Are
these statements true or false?

1.    
CFCs protect
the ozone layer.

2.    
“Greens”
believe in conservation.

3.    
A hole in ozone
layer could increase skin cancer.

4.    
Cutting down
tropical rainforests increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

5.    
Plastic cannot
be recycled.

           Finish
conditional sentences.

If we
don’t throw away bottles, cans, packages, clothes….

If we
plant  more trees…….

If we
don’t cut down tropical rainforests,   ……….

If we save
water and energy, ……

If we
didn’t dump industrial waste, ……

If we
didn’t destroy the ozone layer,  ……..

If we had
unlimited resources of pure water….

If we had
perfect technology of ……,  …..

If we had
had a lot of recycling centers, ………

If we
hadn’t done so many mistakes, our planet ……

Express
the same in English

1.    
Если мы сможем решить экологические проблемы, мы спасем землю.

2.    
Люди
будут более здоровыми, если загрязнение воздуха будет остановлено.

3.    
Если
фабрики будут сливать отходы в реки, вода в них будет отравлена.

4.    
Мы
выживем, если будем защищать природу все вместе.

5.    
Когда
мы будем участвовать в теле-шоу, мы будем обсуждать экологические проблемы.

6.    
Когда
экология станет лучше, животные вернутся в места своего обитания.