What is word perfect used for

Last Update: Jan 03, 2023

This is a question our experts keep getting from time to time. Now, we have got the complete detailed explanation and answer for everyone, who is interested!

Asked by: Prof. Anderson Conn Jr.

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The legendary word processor that so many swear by to create documents, letters, brochures, resumes, and more. With compatibility of over 60 file-formats, including Microsoft, and powerful Reveal Codes, document control has never been easier.

Is WordPerfect and Microsoft Word the same?

[Word and WordPerfect] are very different. Wordperfect was clearly designed by programmers; you program documents in it, using codes to format. … The correct way to use Word is to type in all of your text, finalize the wording, and then format.

Does anyone still use WordPerfect?

Wordperfect, as you may know, is still very much in production. Corel releases new versions every year or two. It’s the #2 word processor in the market, still. Someone is still using it, then.

What is WordPerfect in MS word?

WordPerfect has compatibility features that let you open and edit Microsoft® Word files. You can then save the file in the native file format of Microsoft Word, allowing for the sharing of files across applications. WordPerfect also lets you save any document in the Microsoft Word file format.

Is WordPerfect good?

23 related questions found

What does the word perfect mean?

(Entry 1 of 3) 1a : being entirely without fault or defect : flawless a perfect diamond. b : satisfying all requirements : accurate. c : corresponding to an ideal standard or abstract concept a perfect gentleman.

Who invented the word perfect?

WordPerfect

A document being edited in WordPerfect X3
Original author(s)	Brigham Young University Satellite Software International (SSI)
Initial release	1979
Stable release	2021 (May 6, 2021) [±]
Operating system	Windows 7 and later

What is the Greek definition of perfect?

Going even further, Greek philosophers used the word teleios (which is translated “perfect”) in regards to something being in it’s intended function. Yes. Let that sink in for a minute. Redefine it in your mind.

When was the word perfect first used?

13th century

What was before Word Perfect?

Before the popularity of Microsoft Word, everyone used WordPerfect, a word processor created by Satellite Systems International (and bought by Corel in 1996). The program was more advanced than WordStar, quickly taken its market share.

Which word processor is most popular?

Microsoft Word and Google Docs are two of the most common word processing software applications.

Can you still buy a word processor?

It’s a little portable word processor, called the AlphaSmart 3000, that was made for use in classrooms way back in the year 2000. It’s been discontinued, but you can still buy them used on Amazon. The things that are crappy about this piece of “technology” are the things that make it great for writing.

What is best free word processor?

Free Word Processor for Windows, Mac & Linux: Top Picks

Name	Platform	Link
Google Doc	Web, iOS, and Android, and Mac	http://docs.google.com/
Writer	Web, iOS, and Android	https://www.zoho.com/writer/
Grammarly	Web and browser extension	https://www.grammarly.com/
Prowritingaid	Windows, Mac, and Web	https://prowritingaid.com/

Is Microsoft Word a word processor?

Microsoft Word is a powerful word processing program that allows you to create documents such as letters, articles, term papers, and reports; and revise them easily. Word is much more powerful than WordPad because of the many built-in tools such as spell checking and text auto-correcting.

What is a portable word processor?

A portable word processor is lightweight device that is easy to transport (e.g., from classroom to home). It can be helpful to kids who may have trouble writing by hand and prefer to use a keyboard. Word processing allows the user to edit and correct his written work more efficiently than doing so by hand.

What is the difference between a word processor and a typewriter?

A word processor is either a machine or an application upon which people compose and edit text. A typewriter is simply a machine, mechanical or electric, upon which people compose text. A word processor is either a machine or an application upon which people compose and edit text.

What is an AlphaSmart used for?

The AlphaSmart was a keyboarding device that enabled a person to work on the go, much like a laptop computer, but it was strictly for word processing, as it functioned essentially like a simple digital typewriter.

Is there a stand alone word processor?

Early word processors were stand-alone devices dedicated to the function, but current word processors are word processor programs running on general purpose computers. The functions of a word processor program fall somewhere between those of a simple text editor and a fully functioned desktop publishing program.

What is the simplest word processor?

Microsoft Word, one of the few commonly sold in shops. OpenOffice.org Writer, usually downloaded with OpenOffice.org. KWord for KDE. WordPad is among the simplest and most widespread.

Is there a free word processor?

LibreOffice Writer, like OpenOffice, is a completely free and open-source product that offers word processing, support for . doc and . docx file formats, and all the tools the average Microsoft Word user will need in a word processor.

What is the best alternative to Microsoft Word?

Word alternatives in comparison

	Suitable for	Mobile version
AbiWord	Linux	No
WPS Office Writer	Windows, Linux	Yes, for Android and iOS
SoftMaker FreeOffice	Windows, Linux, Mac	Yes, for Android
Writemonkey	Windows	No

What can I use in place of Microsoft Word?

Online Microsoft Word Alternatives

• Dropbox Paper. Dropbox Paper is a free online word processor offered by the online cloud storage provider.
• Google Docs.
• Etherpad.
• Zoho.
• LibreOffice.
• Jarte.
• WPS Office.
• SoftMaker FreeOffice.

What is better pages or word?

○ Pages is better than Word at producing well behaved PDFs. Images in the PDF are more stationary. The PDFs produced by Pages are higher resolution than those produced by Word. ○ Pages is not quite as good as Word at giving us a “map” of chapter headings.

Which is better Microsoft Word or Pages?

Word has a good selection of templates, but for our money the selection in Pages is better. Pages has 65 templates compared to Word’s 18 (a lot of Pages templates are slight variations, however). As with most things Apple, the design of its templates are just marginally better looking in all respects.

Can pages replace Microsoft Word?

Apple’s Pages is a free word processing tool whose iCloud integration and numerous features make it a worthy replacement for Microsoft Word, which would reduce your office’s tech expenses.

How do I convert Apple pages to Microsoft Word?

To convert Apple Pages to Microsoft Word using the Pages app, double-click on the . pages file to open it. Then, go to File > Export To > Word. On the “Export Your Document” dialog box, the Word tab is automatically selected.

What does Apple use instead of Word?

iWork Suite

What is Apple’s equivalent to Word?

Pages is a powerful word processor that lets you create stunning documents, and comes included with most Apple devices.

Famous for its unrivalled compatibility, WordPerfect Office enables users to work with more files than ever. Easily open, edit, and share files with support for more than 60 formats. With this release, you can save WordPerfect files to OpenDocument Text file format.

Is WordPerfect the same as Microsoft word?

[Word and WordPerfect] are very different. Wordperfect was clearly designed by programmers; you program documents in it, using codes to format. The correct way to use Word is to type in all of your text, finalize the wording, and then format.

What is word Perfect format?

WordPerfect lets you import and export documents in a variety of file formats, such as word-processor, text, graphics, spreadsheet and database formats.

What is the meaning of WordPerfect?

: correct in every detail All the actors should be congratulated on a word-perfect performance.

What is Corel word?

WordPerfect (WP) is a word processing application, now owned by Corel, with a long history on multiple personal computer platforms. At the height of its popularity in the 1980s and early 1990s, it was the dominant player in the word processor market, displacing the prior market leader WordStar.

Who uses Word Perfect?

Who uses Corel Wordperfect Office?

Company	Website	Revenue
Schiff Hardin LLP	schiffhardin.com	100M-200M
The American Red Cross	redcross.org	>1000M

Can you convert WordPerfect to word?

WordPerfect documents have a WPD extension and can be easily converted to Word 2010. In fact, Microsoft Word is able to perform the conversion in the background without using any third-party tools and can open the WPD file like a normal DOC file. All you have to do is select the appropriate file type.

Can you open a word document with word Perfect?

You can open Microsoft Word (. doc) files directly in WordPerfect. To open a Microsoft Word file in WordPerfect, just click File ► Open, choose the file, and let WordPerfect convert it for you. T Do open your Microsoft Word files directly in WordPerfect to achieve the best possible conversion results.

What happened Word Perfect?

WordPerfect Corporation was sold to Novell in 1994, which then sold the product to Corel in 1996. Corel has made regular releases to the product since then, often in the form of office suites under the WordPerfect name that include the Quattro Pro spreadsheet, the Presentations slides formatter, and other applications.

Who started Word Perfect?

Bruce Wayne Bastian
Bruce Wayne Bastian (born March 23, 1948) is an American computer programmer, businessperson, philanthropist, and social activist. He co-founded the WordPerfect Software Company with Alan Ashton in 1978 (originally known as Satellite Software International and then changed to WordPerfect Corporation in 1982).

Can you still buy word Perfect?

As of 2011, WordPerfect for Linux is not available for purchase, however it can still be found used, in online marketplaces.

Can you still get Word Perfect?

As of 2020, WordPerfect for Linux (also known as xwp) can still be run on modern distros. Linux applications may use the libwpd library to convert Word Perfect documents. iOS.

Can WordPerfect open a Word document?

How do I install Word Perfect?

To install WordPerfect on a University computer: Click on the Windows [Start] button > Select “All Programs” > “CedarNet.” (In Windows 10, click on “CedarNet” from the desktop.) Choose “Office Suites.” Select “Corel WordPerfect X6 Suite Installation.” Follow the prompts to install WordPerfect X6 on your machine.

Who made Word Perfect?

WordPerfect

A document being edited in WordPerfect X3
Original author(s)	Brigham Young University Satellite Software International (SSI)
Developer(s)	WordPerfect Corporation Novell Corel
Initial release	1979
Stable release	2021 (May 6, 2021) [±]

How do I convert WPD to DOCX?

How to convert a WPD to a DOCX file?

1. Choose the WPD file you want to convert.
2. Click on “Start conversion” to convert your file from WPD to DOCX.
3. Download your DOCX file.

Did Microsoft Buy Word Perfect?

Word rapidly took over the market, helped by aggressive bundling deals that ultimately produced Microsoft Office, and WordPerfect was no longer a popular standard by the mid-1990s. WordPerfect Corporation was sold to Novell in 1994, which then sold the product to Corel in 1996.

(Entry 1 of 3) 1a : being entirely without fault or defect : flawless a perfect diamond. b : satisfying all requirements : accurate. c : corresponding to an ideal standard or abstract concept a perfect gentleman.

Who invented the word perfect?

WordPerfect

A document being edited in WordPerfect X3
Original author(s)	Brigham Young University Satellite Software International (SSI)
Initial release	1979
Stable release	2021 (May 6, 2021) [±]
Operating system	Windows 7 and later

What is the Greek definition of perfect?

Going even further, Greek philosophers used the word teleios (which is translated “perfect”) in regards to something being in it’s intended function. Yes. Let that sink in for a minute. Redefine it in your mind.

When was the word perfect first used?

13th century

What was before Word Perfect?

Before the popularity of Microsoft Word, everyone used WordPerfect, a word processor created by Satellite Systems International (and bought by Corel in 1996). The program was more advanced than WordStar, quickly taken its market share.

Which word processor is most popular?

Microsoft Word and Google Docs are two of the most common word processing software applications.

Can you still buy a word processor?

It’s a little portable word processor, called the AlphaSmart 3000, that was made for use in classrooms way back in the year 2000. It’s been discontinued, but you can still buy them used on Amazon. The things that are crappy about this piece of “technology” are the things that make it great for writing.

What is best free word processor?

Free Word Processor for Windows, Mac & Linux: Top Picks

Name	Platform	Link
Google Doc	Web, iOS, and Android, and Mac	http://docs.google.com/
Writer	Web, iOS, and Android	https://www.zoho.com/writer/
Grammarly	Web and browser extension	https://www.grammarly.com/
Prowritingaid	Windows, Mac, and Web	https://prowritingaid.com/

Is Microsoft Word a word processor?

Microsoft Word is a powerful word processing program that allows you to create documents such as letters, articles, term papers, and reports; and revise them easily. Word is much more powerful than WordPad because of the many built-in tools such as spell checking and text auto-correcting.

What is a portable word processor?

A portable word processor is lightweight device that is easy to transport (e.g., from classroom to home). It can be helpful to kids who may have trouble writing by hand and prefer to use a keyboard. Word processing allows the user to edit and correct his written work more efficiently than doing so by hand.

What is the difference between a word processor and a typewriter?

A word processor is either a machine or an application upon which people compose and edit text. A typewriter is simply a machine, mechanical or electric, upon which people compose text. A word processor is either a machine or an application upon which people compose and edit text.

What is an AlphaSmart used for?

The AlphaSmart was a keyboarding device that enabled a person to work on the go, much like a laptop computer, but it was strictly for word processing, as it functioned essentially like a simple digital typewriter.

Is there a stand alone word processor?

Early word processors were stand-alone devices dedicated to the function, but current word processors are word processor programs running on general purpose computers. The functions of a word processor program fall somewhere between those of a simple text editor and a fully functioned desktop publishing program.

What is the simplest word processor?

Microsoft Word, one of the few commonly sold in shops. OpenOffice.org Writer, usually downloaded with OpenOffice.org. KWord for KDE. WordPad is among the simplest and most widespread.

Is there a free word processor?

LibreOffice Writer, like OpenOffice, is a completely free and open-source product that offers word processing, support for . doc and . docx file formats, and all the tools the average Microsoft Word user will need in a word processor.

What is the best alternative to Microsoft Word?

Word alternatives in comparison

	Suitable for	Mobile version
AbiWord	Linux	No
WPS Office Writer	Windows, Linux	Yes, for Android and iOS
SoftMaker FreeOffice	Windows, Linux, Mac	Yes, for Android
Writemonkey	Windows	No

What can I use in place of Microsoft Word?

Online Microsoft Word Alternatives

• Dropbox Paper. Dropbox Paper is a free online word processor offered by the online cloud storage provider.
• Google Docs.
• Etherpad.
• Zoho.
• LibreOffice.
• Jarte.
• WPS Office.
• SoftMaker FreeOffice.

What is better pages or word?

○ Pages is better than Word at producing well behaved PDFs. Images in the PDF are more stationary. The PDFs produced by Pages are higher resolution than those produced by Word. ○ Pages is not quite as good as Word at giving us a “map” of chapter headings.

Which is better Microsoft Word or Pages?

Word has a good selection of templates, but for our money the selection in Pages is better. Pages has 65 templates compared to Word’s 18 (a lot of Pages templates are slight variations, however). As with most things Apple, the design of its templates are just marginally better looking in all respects.

Can pages replace Microsoft Word?

Apple’s Pages is a free word processing tool whose iCloud integration and numerous features make it a worthy replacement for Microsoft Word, which would reduce your office’s tech expenses.

How do I convert Apple pages to Microsoft Word?

To convert Apple Pages to Microsoft Word using the Pages app, double-click on the . pages file to open it. Then, go to File > Export To > Word. On the “Export Your Document” dialog box, the Word tab is automatically selected.

What does Apple use instead of Word?

iWork Suite

What is Apple’s equivalent to Word?

Pages is a powerful word processor that lets you create stunning documents, and comes included with most Apple devices.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The perfect tense or aspect (abbreviated PERF or PRF) is a verb form that indicates that an action or circumstance occurred earlier than the time under consideration, often focusing attention on the resulting state rather than on the occurrence itself. An example of a perfect construction is I have made dinner. Although this gives information about a prior action (the speaker’s making of the dinner), the focus is likely to be on the present consequences of that action (the fact that the dinner is now ready). The word perfect in this sense means «completed» (from Latin perfectum, which is the perfect passive participle of the verb perficere «to complete»).

In traditional Latin and Ancient Greek grammar, the perfect tense is a particular, conjugated-verb form. Modern analyses view the perfect constructions of these languages as combining elements of grammatical tense (such as time reference) and grammatical aspect. The Greek perfect tense is contrasted with the aorist and the imperfect tenses and specifically refers to completed events with present consequences; its meaning is thus similar to that of the English construction, «have/has (done something)». The Latin perfect tense is contrasted only with the imperfect tense (used for past incomplete actions or states) and is thus used to mean both «have/has done something» and «did something» (the preterite use). Other related forms are the pluperfect, denoting an event prior to a past time of reference, and the future perfect, for an event prior to a future time of reference.

In the grammar of some modern languages, particularly of English, the perfect may be analyzed as an aspect that is independent of tense – the form that is traditionally just called the perfect («I have done») is then called the present perfect, while the form traditionally called the pluperfect («I had done») is called the past perfect. (There are also additional forms such as future perfect, conditional perfect, and so on.) The formation of the perfect in English, using forms of an auxiliary verb (have) together with the past participle of the main verb, is paralleled in a number of other modern European languages.

The perfect can be denoted by the glossing abbreviation PERF or PRF. It should not be confused with the perfective aspect (PFV), which refers to the viewing of an action as a single (but not necessarily prior) event. To avoid confusion with the perfective, the perfect is occasionally called the retrospective (RET).

As an aspect

In some analyses, the perfect is identified as one of the grammatical aspects. In the perfect aspect, the event being referred to is viewed as already completed at the time of reference.^[1] It should not be confused with the perfective aspect,^[2][3] which marks a situation as a single event without internal structure, and does not imply prior occurrence or present relevance as the perfect aspect does. The perfect also contrasts with the prospective aspect, which encodes the present relevance or anticipation of a future event. While the perfect is a relatively uniform category cross-linguistically, its relation to the experiential and resultative aspects is complex – the latter two are not simply restricted cases of the perfect.^[4]

The perfect is not necessarily incompatible with other grammatical aspects. In English, for example, it can be combined with the progressive (continuous) aspect, wherein an event is viewed as temporary and ongoing. A form such as the present perfect progressive I have been working combines the meanings expressed by the two aspects – viewing my working as an ongoing process, but one which is now completed (or, as in I have been working for two hours, restricting attention to the completed portion of that process).

If perfect is viewed as an aspect, then the verb forms traditionally called just «perfect» (as in Greek or – in appropriate contexts – in Latin) in fact combine the perfect aspect with present tense (the event occurred prior to the time of speech). The pluperfect and future perfect forms combine perfect aspect with past and future tense respectively. This analysis is reflected more explicitly in the terminology commonly used in modern English grammars, which refer to present perfect, past perfect and future perfect (as well as some other constructions such as conditional perfect).

However, not all uses of «perfect» verb forms necessarily express this «perfect aspect» – sometimes they are simply used as expressions of past tense, that is, as preterites. This applies to some uses of the Latin perfect, and also (for example) to the modern German Perfekt.

Types

In English, several uses of the perfect aspect have been recognized:^[5][6][7]

• Resultative perfect (referring to a state in the present which is the result or endpoint of an event in the past):

«I have lost my pen-knife» (message: I still don’t have it)

• Continuative perfect (past situations continuing into present):

«I have always guided him»

• Anterior perfect (completed past situations, but with relevance to the present):

«It has rained» (implication: the streets are wet now)

• Experiential perfect (stating that a given situation has occurred at least once in a period of time leading up to the present time):

«Bill has been to America»

«I have seen that film three times now»

• Universal perfect (stating that a given situation has been going on continuously during a period leading up to the present time):

«The meaning of the Perfect has been debated for 200 years»

In other languages other uses of the perfect are found:

• Perfect of present state (stating that a present situation holds as a result of something that has happened recently):^[8]

(Swahili) A-me-choka ‘he is tired’ (lit. ‘he has become tired’)

(Swahili) A-me-simama ‘he is standing’ (lit. ‘he has stood up’).^[9] This can be considered to be the same as resultative perfect.

• Perfect of very recent past:

(Alicante Spanish) Yo estaba andando en el bosque. De pronto he pisado una culebra. Me ha mordido en la pierna. ‘(An hour ago) I was walking in the forest. Suddenly I stepped on a snake. It bit me in the leg.’ (lit. ‘I have stepped on a snake … it has bitten me’).^[10]

• Evidential or inferential perfect (a statement that something must have happened because of the evidence available):

(Swedish) Tjuven har kommit in genom det här fönstret ‘The thief evidently got in through this window’ (literally, ‘has got in’)^[11]

• Reportative perfect (referring to an event which the speaker has heard about but not personally witnessed). This is common in languages such as Turkish, Persian, Georgian, and Bulgarian:^[12]

(Turkish) Hasta-y-mış-ım ‘They say I was/am ill’ (literally, ‘I have been ill’)^[13]

Discontinuous past

In some languages a type of tense has been noted with exactly the opposite implication to a perfect. This type of tense is known as discontinuous past.^[14] Thus if a sentence such as «I have put the book on the table» implies that it is still on the table, so a discontinuous past sentence «I put the book on the table» in these languages would imply that the book is no longer on the table.

Construction with auxiliaries

A number of modern European languages exhibit a parallel type of perfect (or perfect-like) construction, formed with an auxiliary verb in combination with the past participle of the main verb. The auxiliary may be a verb meaning have (as in the English I have won) or a verb meaning be (as in the French je suis arrivé(e), «I (have) arrived», literally «I am arrived»).

The have-perfect developed from a construction where the verb meaning have denoted possession, and the past participle was an adjective modifying the object, as in I have the work done.^{[citation needed]} This came to be reanalyzed, with the object becoming the object of the main verb, and the participle becoming a dependent of the have verb, as in I have done the work. The construction could then be generalized to be used also with intransitive verbs. A vestige of the original interpretation is preserved in some languages in the form of inflection on the participle to agree with the gender and number of the object.

The be-perfect developed similarly, from a construction where the verb meaning be was an ordinary copula and the participle expressed a resultative state of the subject.^[15] It is consequently used mostly with verbs that denote a change in the state or location of the subject, and in some languages the participle inflects to agree with the gender and number of the subject.

Languages that use these constructions can generally inflect the auxiliary to produce different verb forms for the perfect aspect: the pluperfect or past perfect is produced with the auxiliary in the past tense, the future perfect with the auxiliary in the future tense, and so on. These include non-finite forms such as perfect infinitives. (More possible forms and examples are given under § English below.)

The basic (present) perfect form, with the auxiliary in the present tense, may specifically carry the meaning of perfect aspect, as in English; however in some languages it is used more generally as a past tense (or preterite), as in French and German.

The use of auxiliaries and meaning of the constructions in various languages are described below.

• English uses have as the auxiliary; the use of be with some intransitive verbs (as in I am come; he is gone) is archaic. For more details see the section on § English below.
• German uses haben («have») as the auxiliary with most verbs, and sein («be») with some intransitives, including the copula sein itself. The German «present perfect» construction is called the Perfekt (perfect), and for most verbs is the usual past tense for colloquial speech and dialects. For details, see German verbs. Other Germanic languages have similar constructions, such as the perfekt of Swedish and the perfectum (compound past) of Dutch.
• French uses avoir («have») as the auxiliary with most verbs, but uses être («be») with reflexive verbs and with a certain number of intransitive verbs. The past participle is inflected to agree in gender and number with the subject when être is used, and with a direct object when avoir is used, but then only when the object precedes the verb (which is normally the case with personal pronouns and in some relative and interrogative clauses). The construction with «present perfect» form is called the passé composé (compound past) and is the usual past tense for completed events, corresponding to both the English present perfect and to the simple past. For more details see passé composé.
• Italian uses avere («have») and essere («be») as auxiliaries, distributed in much the same way as avoir and être in French. The participle agrees with the subject when essere is used, and with a preceding pronoun direct object when avere is used. The present perfect is often used also for completed events where English would use the simple past. For details see Italian grammar.
• Spanish uses haber («have») as the auxiliary with all verbs. The «present perfect» form is called the pretérito perfecto and is used similarly to the English present perfect. While ser («to be») was used as an auxiliary verb in a similar sense to modern French and Italian, this use disappeared by the 18th century.^[16] See Spanish verbs.

Celtic languages (except Cornish and Breton) have a somewhat different type of perfect construction, where a word meaning «after» is used together with a verbal noun. This is described under Welsh grammar and Irish conjugation. By analogy with this construction, sentences of the form I’m after eating (meaning «I have eaten») are used in Irish English. Middle Cornish and Middle Breton used a perfective particle re with the preterite to express a present perfect sense, although this has largely fallen out of use in the modern languages, being replaced with periphrastic formations using the verbs «to be» or «to have» with a past participle.

In particular languages

Proto-Indo-European

In reconstructions of the Proto-Indo-European language (PIE), the verb form that has traditionally been called «perfect» in fact signified stative aspect (a current state of being). The name was assigned based on similarity to the Greek or Latin perfect tense, before the stative nature of the form was fully recognized. For details of its formation, see Proto-Indo-European verbs.

Ancient Greek

The Ancient Greek perfect developed from the PIE perfect (stative) form; in both cases the stem is typically formed by reduplication. In Greek, however, it took on a true «perfect» meaning, indicating an action with a permanent result.^[17] The effect of the action is seen in the resulting state; this state may belong to either the subject or the object.^[18] The meaning is therefore similar to the English present perfect, although usage of the Greek perfect is rather narrower than in English. Greek also has a pluperfect and a (compound) future perfect, although their use is rare.

Other verb forms used in Ancient Greek to refer to past circumstances were the aorist, which was used simply to report past events (for example in narrative), and the imperfect.

For details of the formation and use of the Greek perfect, see Ancient Greek verbs (see also Ancient Greek grammar § Dependence of moods and tenses). For the (compound) perfect found in modern Greek, see Modern Greek verbs.

Latin

In Latin the PIE aorist merged with the perfect.^[19] Consequently, the Latin perfect tense serves both as a true perfect (meaning, for example, I have done), and as a simple preterite, merely reporting a past event (I did). It contrasts with the imperfect, which denotes uncompleted past actions or states.

Latin also has pluperfect and future perfect forms. For details of how all of these forms are made, see Latin conjugation.

English

The English perfect is made with a form of the auxiliary verb have together with the past participle of the main verb. The auxiliary is inflected for tense and mood, and can also appear in non-finite forms (infinitive, participle or gerund), thus giving rise to a number of constructions which combine the perfect aspect with other verbal properties:

• I have eaten; he has eaten (present perfect, generally denoting something that took place prior to the present moment)
• I had eaten (past perfect, something that took place prior to a moment in the past)
• I will have eaten (future perfect, something to take place prior to a moment in the future)
• I would have eaten (conditional perfect, something conceived as taking place in hypothetical past circumstances)
• Have [your dinner] eaten (perfect imperative)
• …that he have eaten… (present perfect subjunctive, a rarely used form; see English subjunctive)
• (to) have eaten (perfect infinitive)
• having eaten (perfect gerund or participle)

The perfect can also be combined with another aspect^[20] that is marked in English – the progressive (or continuous) aspect. In perfect progressive (or perfect continuous) constructions, the perfect auxiliary (a form of have) is followed by the past participle been (from be, the auxiliary of the progressive aspect), which in turn is followed by the present participle of the main verb. As before, the perfect auxiliary can appear in various tenses, moods and non-finite forms:

• I have been eating; he has been eating (present perfect progressive)
• I had been eating (past perfect progressive)
• etc.

The perfect aspect (or perfect progressive) can also be combined with marking for the passive voice. Perfect passive forms can be constructed by replacing the participle of the main verb with the corresponding participle of be followed by the past participle of the main verb: it has been eaten; it will have been eaten; it has been being eaten. Perfect progressive passives, as in the last example, therefore involve two consecutive participles of the auxiliary verb be; these constructions are rarely used.

The implications of the present perfect (that something occurred prior to the present moment) are similar to those of the simple past. The simple past is generally used when the occurrence has a specific past time frame – either explicitly stated (I wrote a book in 1995; the water boiled a minute ago), or implied by the context (for example, in the narration of a sequence of events). The present perfect, on the other hand, is used when the assumed time frame lasts up until the present moment: I have written two novels (in my lifetime; I am still alive); You have done no work this morning (it is still the morning). It is often used to draw attention to the consequences rather than the action: I’ve built a tree-house (the time of building is not important; the focus is on the result, the present existence of the tree-house).^[21]

Perfect progressive forms are used mainly to refer to an action continuing up to (or nearly up to) the time of reference, again with emphasis on its consequences (we were tired because we had been running), or its duration (we have been working for ten hours/since 7 o’clock). They may express interrupted activities (I had been writing a novel when she came to talk to me).^[22]

The perfect infinitive (without to in most cases) can be used after modal verbs with various meanings, chiefly to express modality with regard to past events: you should have done that; she might have seen it. With would (and sometimes should and could), it forms a contrary-to-fact past conditional (conditional perfect),^[23] as in she would/could have done it if she had tried.^[24] (These verb forms might not be considered to be truly in the perfect aspect.^[25]) For more information on such constructions, see English modal verbs (particularly the sections on the individual modals).

For more details on the usage of the various perfect constructions in English, see Uses of English verb forms.

See also

• Future tense
• Prophetic perfect tense
• Relative and absolute tense

References

External links

• Greek tenses

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PRONUNCIATION OF WORD-PERFECT

GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF WORD-PERFECT

Word-Perfect is an adjective.

WHAT DOES WORD-PERFECT MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Definition of word-perfect in the English dictionary

The first definition of word-perfect in the dictionary is correct in every detail. Other definition of word-perfect is memorized perfectly. Word-Perfect is also knowing one’s speech, role, etc, perfectly.

TRANSLATION OF WORD-PERFECT

Find out the translation of word-perfect to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «WORD-PERFECT»

The term «word-perfect» is normally little used and occupies the 109.556 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.

Principal search tendencies and common uses of word-perfect

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «WORD-PERFECT» OVER TIME

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «WORD-PERFECT»

Discover the use of word-perfect in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to word-perfect and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.

REFERENCE

« EDUCALINGO. Word-Perfect [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/word-perfect>. Apr 2023 ».