The Word Mapping Strategy helps older students learn how to predict the meaning of unknown words. Students learn to identify prefixes, suffixes, and roots and practice predicting the meaning of words using those parts.
Is mapping a word?
noun. the act or operation of making a map or maps.
What is the example of mapping?
An example of mapping is creating a map to get to your house. An example of mapping is identifying which cell on one spreadsheet contains the same information as the cell on another speadsheet. A transformation taking the points of one space into the points of the same or another space.
What is a mapping sentence?
A mapping sentence is a formal statement of a research domain which includes the respondents, sub-categories of the research content along with the range over which observations will be made, in the structure of a sentence written in normal prose.
How is mapping done?
Mapping is done in two steps:
- First, you need to know where things are, mainly the streets and ways.
- Then you need to know what there is, namely the POIs, street names and types. You can do these one after another, or both at the same time, but you can hardly do the what before the where.
What is mapping in coding?
In many programming languages, map is the name of a higher-order function that applies a given function to each element of a functor, e.g. a list, returning a list of results in the same order. It is often called apply-to-all when considered in functional form.
Why is brain mapping done?
Neurons send and receive messages to and from all parts of your body. These messages are electrical impulses that create brain waves. The brain map (also called a neuro map) is an important tool we use to evaluate your brainwaves and identify opportunities to improve communication between various regions of the brain.
What is the use of mapping?
Maps represent the real world on a much smaller scale. They help you travel from one location to another. They help you organize information. They help you figure out where you are and how to get where you want to go.
What is a mapping diagram?
A mapping shows how the elements are paired. Its like a flow chart for a function, showing the input and output values. A mapping diagram consists of two parallel columns. The first column represents the domain of a function f , and the other column for its range.
What are the types of map?
Types of Maps
- General Reference.
- Thematic Maps.
- Topographic Maps.
- Cadastral Maps and Plans.
- Navigation Charts.
- Series Maps.
What are the 2 types of maps?
Cartographers make many different types of maps, which can be divided into two broad categories: general reference maps and thematic maps.
What are the 4 main types of map projections?
Types of Map Projections
- Gnomonic projection. The Gnomonic projection has its origin of light at the center of the globe. Less than half of the sphere can be projected onto a finite map.
- Stereographic projection. The Stereographic projection has its origin of light on the globe surface opposite to the tangent point.
- Orthographic projection.
What are the pillars of maps and why?
They are: Meaning, Atmosphere, Passion, and Skills – aka M.A.P.S. , a career compass to help point you in the right direction.
What do you understand by conventional symbols?
A conventional symbol is a symbol that is widely accepted interpretation. The various features shown on a map are represented by conventional signs or symbols. For example, colors can be used to indicate a classification of roads.
What is the most accurate flat map?
A globe of the Earth would have an error score of 0.0. We found that the best previously known flat map projection for the globe is the Winkel tripel used by the National Geographic Society, with an error score of 4.563.
Why is the map distorted?
Size Matters This may be due in part to the nature of two-dimensional maps. Flattening a three-dimensional globe onto a flat surface isn’t possible without some distortion. Mercator maps distort the shape and relative size of continents, particularly near the poles.
Table of contents:
- What is word mapping strategy?
- What is similar to a word map?
- What are some map words?
- What is another word for Navigator?
- What is another name for map key?
- What is a word map example?
- What is Word Web in English grammar?
- What is a word cloud definition?
What is word mapping strategy?
The Word Mapping Strategy helps older students learn how to predict the meaning of unknown words. Students learn to identify prefixes, suffixes, and roots and practice predicting the meaning of words using those parts.
What is similar to a word map?
What is another word for map?
| chart | plan |
|---|---|
| drawing | elevation |
| globe | graph |
| mapping | outline |
| picture | plat |
What are some map words?
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases
- atlas.
- cartographer.
- cartographic.
- cartography.
- chart.
- coastline.
- contour.
- coordinate.
What is another word for Navigator?
In this page you can discover 21 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for navigator, like: seaman, mariner, sailor, pilot, airman, aviator, jack, jack-tar, sea dog, seafarer and salt.
What is another name for map key?
We use a map key and map legend interchangeably. Another name for a legend on a map is a map key, although you can get very picky and say that the legend holds the map key and other information. A legend is necessary for most maps because cartographers cannot write everything into the map, so they need symbols.
What is a word map example?
For example, you could introduce word maps with the concept of a flower, with which the students are already familiar. The word map would indicate that a flower is a type of plant and that flowers have petals, stems, leaves, and roots. The map might include roses and daisies as examples of flowers.
What is Word Web in English grammar?
1. Using a Word Web to Map Out a New Word. One way to expand your child’s vocabulary is to find new words and discuss them at length. You can do this by creating a word web that maps out the new word.
What is a word cloud definition?
A word cloud is a collection, or cluster, of words depicted in different sizes. The bigger and bolder the word appears, the more often it’s mentioned within a given text and the more important it is.
Who doesn’t love a treasure map?
Even as adults, many of us can remember drafting up a map on looseleaf paper and excavating a neighbor’s yard, a local park, or maybe just a bedroom.
With word mapping, parents and educators can utilize the magic of a treasure map. By framing new words as treasures waiting to be found, reading becomes 10x more exciting — and infinitely more rewarding. Read on to learn more about the magic of word maps, followed by ways to incorporate this strategy into daily reading lessons.
What is a word map?
A word map is a process used to break a new word into its phonemes for clear understanding.
A quick refresher: a phoneme is simply an individual unit of sound in a word. Graphemes are the individual letters or letter units that correspond to phonemes.
To complete a traditional word map, a reader needs to:
- Speak the word aloud to hear and “feel” the phonemes, as well as to clarify the word’s meaning
- Break the word down into its phonemes (orally)
- Write down the graphemes that correspond to each sound in the word
- Write the entire word down!
Follow these four steps, and voilà: you’ve just mapped a word.
How to use word maps
If you’re knee-deep in the research on word maps, you probably already know this: there are lots of ways to approach word mapping!
While many teachers rely on the four-step process outlined above, others define word maps more broadly. In general, a word map is any visual aid that helps students make connections between new vocabulary words, synonyms, and real-world applications of the new words.
For example: some reading teachers use a four-corner word map with one of the following details in each corner:
- The student’s definition of the word
- Synonyms of the word
- A meaningful use of the word in a sentence
- The student’s drawing of the word!
This word mapping strategy doesn’t require that students break down words into their phonemes, which may be more appropriate depending on the needs and goals of your students.
An example word map. Image Source
Word mapping activities
Like so many reading activities, we recognize that mapping can be trickier in practice!
While the science of reading supports the effectiveness of this strategy, many educators find it challenging to use word maps in ways that feels fun, rewarding, and effective.
If you’re struggling to create the right vocabulary lesson for your students, don’t sweat it. Here are some simple and accessible word mapping activities that can be used both at-home and throughout the school day.
1. Tap it out!
If students are breaking a word down into its phonemes, have them use their fingers to tap the sounds as they speak and/or hear them in a word. Once they’ve segmented the sounds, they can write — or “map” — each grapheme in its corresponding box.
Teachers can create simple worksheets to do this; or, if you’re at home, you can easily practice word mapping with your child using a blank notebook and colorful pencils.
2. Use a phoneme popper.
Whether you have old bubble wrap or one of these trendy fidget popper toys, both can be used for word mapping! As students sound out a word, they first push down on a popper and then write the corresponding grapheme. It’s a playful, hands-on way to introduce students to the concept of word maps.
3. Make word art.
When students are mapping new words, don’t be afraid to summon their creative genius! Drawing each word helps students visualize — and remember — their new vocabulary.
4. Turn new vocabulary into a treasure hunt.
After a long day of school and extracurricular activities, kids may not want to sit down and complete another word map — and that’s okay! On days when sitting still is tough, consider these word treasure hunt activities to get everyone moving:
- Write a new word in chalk on the sidewalk, then have kids find things around the house, apartment, or yard that relate to that word
- Stick a new word on the refrigerator each day, and then make drawings (or take pictures) of things that relate to that word.
With a little bit of creativity, word mapping can be an exciting, versatile way to sprinkle new words — and a hint of magic — into each day.
Take-Aways:
- Word maps are any visual organizers that help readers make connections between new words, synonyms, and how these words show up in sentences (and in real life!).
- Depending on the needs and skills of their students, teachers and parents can use a range of word mapping strategies to introduce new vocabulary.
- Some of our favorite word mapping activities include:
- Tapping it out
- Using phoneme poppers
- Drawing new words
- Creating word treasure hunts
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What is Word Mapping?
You’ve probably heard of word mapping, especially with all the talk about the Science of Reading research and explicit instruction. . But it’s actually been around for a long time.
Word mapping, also known as phoneme-grapheme mapping, is when teachers help students link the sounds they hear in words to the letters that make up those words.
Word mapping is all about storing words in our brains in such a way that we can retrieve them later. It’s part of a reading strategy called orthographic mapping.
This word mapping strategy involves the mental process of taking the unknown (a new word we see in writing) and applying the same phoneme-grapheme mapping skills we have learned through a similar word.
For example: when we see a word like tip, and we have already mapped a word like pin, we see a word pattern that our brain already knows. With enough exposure, our brains will know that pattern without having to think about it. This is when orthographic mapping leads to orthographic learning. Think about a snowball effect.
This orthographic mapping allows our little learners an effective way to improve their word recognition because their brains store words in an organized way. I like to compare word mapping to a file cabinet. When students receive instruction in an organized and systematic way, their brains can find those files quickly.
Orthographic Word Mapping Vocabulary Words to Know
I will give you some examples of how we break down the process of orthographic mapping. But first, we need to build our vocabulary word bank when discussing word mapping:
What is a Phoneme?
What is a phoneme? It is a unit of sound. Phonemes are something you hear when you break a word up into its individual sounds. EXAMPLE: the word lad has 3 phonemes: /l/ /a/ /d/, the word shack has 3 phonemes /sh /a/ /k/.
What is a Grapheme?
What is a Grapheme? A grapheme is the written representation of a phoneme (sound). EXAMPLE: the long i sound can be represented by numerous graphemes such as i_e (bike) igh (light), y (try), i, (pilot), ie (pie) y_e (type)
What is Speech-to-Print?
What does speech-to-print mean? Speech-to-print skills are used when students encode or write a word. They hear a word or see a picture of an object and they want to write the graphemes (letters) to represent the word. Students practice speech-to-print every time they write.
What is Print-to-Speech?
What does print-to-speech mean? Print-to-speech skills are used when students are decoding words When a student sees a series of letters and letter combinations (graphemes) and the student wants to read the word, they must blend these sounds to produce a word. Students practice print-to-speech every time they read a word.
This becomes an especially essential skill in student performance when students encounter an unfamiliar printed word. If a student encounters a word like habitat, they will first need to understand the rules of syllable division, then apply those rules to decode the word.
What is word mapping?
What exactly is word mapping? Well, every word has three parts:
- Phonemes: the individual sounds it makes
- Graphemes: the letters that represent those sounds
- Meaning: what the word actually means.
Word mapping is a teaching strategy that helps students connect the sounds to the letters of a word and attach meaning! It’s a pretty handy tool!
Word mapping is different than decoding because the student starts with a whole word (or picture card as shown below.) Then the student must break down that word into smaller sounds and letters. By breaking words apart and paying attention to each sound and letter, it helps students recognize words more easily and remember them for the long term.
What does word mapping look like?
Let’s look at these two examples of word mapping and using the heart word method.
from – the f, r, and m sounds are behaving themselves. These represent the sounds that we would expect. Nothing tricky with 75% of this word. However, the o is not representing the typical short o sound or long o sound. Therefore, students must know that part by heart.
she – the sh digraph is also behaving. The e is also representing the long e sound, just like it should. Once students recognize the difference between an open and closed syllable, they can read a whole list of words.
Closed Syllable Examples: can, is, him, just, much
Open Syllable Examples: me, my, so, hi
The Heart Word Method
What is the heart word method? The heart word method is a step-by-step teaching strategy that is used with students. Let’s take a look.
Step 1: Say the word aloud
Teacher: “The word is want. Students, repeat the word want.”
Students: “want“
Teacher: “Want has 4 sounds.” The teacher will draw a line for each sound.
Teacher: “The first sound you hear in want is ________. What letter represents that sound?”
Teacher: “The last sound you hear in want is ____ What letter represents that sound?”
Teachers: “What other sounds do you hear in the word, want?”
Teacher: “Great job! You did a great job of hearing sounds. But let me show you something.
Want is actually spelled like this.”
Teacher: “The /o/ sound you hear in want, is actually spelled with an a. This is called a schwa. You will learn all about that in second grade. For now, you will need to remember this part of the word by heart. I will place a heart over the “a” to remind you.”
On a daily basis, we review these words because we want students to store these words for effortless retrieval.
After a week of teaching the word, want, you will add the word to your sound wall.
You can read more about sound walls in this blog post:
- How to Teach Kindergarten High Frequency Words So Students Learn (FREE FILE)
IMPORTANT TO REMEMBER: Students need words to be revisited and practiced for 6-8 weeks in order for the word to be stored in their long term memory.
Every child’s brain is different. Some students will need 30-40 exposures to reach automaticity with a word.
Can we agree that weekly spelling tests are the least effective way for young readers to learn words? Spelling “tests” should be used to tell the teacher what you need to revisit. They should not be “graded.”
Your teacher brain might be yelling at me! “WHAT!?!? You would spell it incorrectly at first? Why?”
Let’s think of what we ask students to do when they want help spelling a word. We ask them to put the sounds they hear. We need to validate that these emergent writers heard those sounds correctly.
I model this word during my teaching phase the same way each time. Then as students start to write the word, want, with an o, we hope to trigger their orthographic mapping system and they will remember the heart word.
Once that word is on the sound wall and I write the word, I may think out loud, “I remember that want is a heart word.”
Additional Word Mapping Activities
One reason decodable texts are so essential to a structure literacy approach to instruction is the fact we can control the text.
This means, I’m not going to ask a student to orthgraphically map a word unless:
- the word is decodable based on the phonics instruction that the student has mastered so far.
- the heart word has not already been explicitly taught (as discussed above.)
EXAMPLE: If you teach first grade and you have taught digraphs, but you have a student who has not mastered digraphs, you would not expect them to decode it on their own. Your lesson would be centered around teaching the digraph and practicing blending words that have that phonics skill.
Digraphs, blends, vowel teams, oh my!
Since releasing my Science of Reading Curriculum, the most common question I’ve been asked during the professional development I provide is, which parts of a word stay together and which are split into separate phonemes/graphemes. Many teachers are used to splitting words into word families or onset and rimes. For example:
- CVC words – Short vowels are where we usually start and would be broken into m/an or b/ig.
- Digraphs: th/em
- Blends: fl/at
- Long vowels or vowel teams might look like c/oat.
You will not see a significant difference in the phoneme grapheme mapping approach, but there is a subtle difference. Students split letters into individual phonemes or sounds. This is how it would look, using the same word examples above:
- CVC: m/a/n or b/i/g
- Digraphs: th/e/m
- Blends: f/l/a/t
- Long vowels: c/oa/t
This images are part of our decodable texts. Each lesson includes a dictation practice.
Additionally, we include sentence dictation.
Word Mapping Centers
Once students have had individual practice with word mapping, you can add these skills to your center practice.
These cards are from our Science of Reading Writing Center, but they can be used in so many ways.
These plastic trays are from Wal-Mart (CHEAP) and a great way to make this activity hands-on. I added colored pom-poms and a dry erase marker! This provides a physical way for students to segment the word. Simple!
In this center activity, students match the picture to the sentence, then write the sentence.
We want to keep these activities hands-on so adding the magnetic want and chips for segmenting and blending words is a winner.
Sliding the elkonin mapping worksheets into plastic sleeves is an easy way to add writing practice as they write the entire word.
Word Mapping Worksheets
Here are a few low prep word mapping worksheets that are great for morning work or as a review activity.
Science of Reading
The Word Mapping Strategy is an instructional vocabulary strategy developed to help students learn how to predict the meaning of unknown words. Specifically, the word mapping strategy helps students who (a) have not learned the meaning of a large number of words, (b) do not know how to identify parts of words that have meaning, (c) do not know the meaning of word parts, and (d) do not know how to use the meaning of word parts to predict the meaning of whole words (Harris, Schumaker, & Descher, 2008). Students are explicitly taught prefixes, suffixes, and roots to increase their knowledge base of word meanings. This strategy is most appropriate for middle grades (5-6) through post secondary education who is reading at or above the fourth or fifth grade level. For the word mapping strategy to be generalized, instruction should occur on a daily basis and implemented in large and medium classes, small groups, or one on one settings. Student progress is monitored on a regular basis to drive instructional decisions based data from pretests, identifying morphemes worksheets, word parts worksheets, quizzes, word maps, and posttests. Teachers can use word mapping progress charts to monitor student performance over time using the word mapping strategy.
The Word Mapping Strategy at a Glance
Word Mapping Strategy Steps
Example: Word Mapping Pre-Test
Word Mapping Graphic Organizer
Word Mapping Examples
Word Mapping Instructional Steps
Research & References: The Word Mapping Strategy
Articles:
Harris, M. L., Schumaker, J. B., & Deshler, D. D. (2011). The Effects of Strategic Morphological Analysis Instruction on the Vocabulary Performance of Secondary Studennts with and without disabilities. Learning Disability Quarterly, 34(1), 17-33
Jones, R. C., & Thomas, T. G. (2006). Leave no discipline behind. The Reading Teacher, 60(1), 58-64
Text:
Harris, M. L., Schumaker, J. B., & Deshler, D. D. (2008). The Word Mapping Strategy: Instructor’s Manual. Lawrence, KS: Edge Enterprises, Inc.
