What is the word language in spanish in english - Word и Excel - помощь в работе с программами

language = el idioma, la lengua, el lenguaje, el habla

Though el idioma, la lengua, el lenguaje, and el habla can all mean language, they’re not always used interchangeably.

Idioma and Lengua

The words idioma and lengua are more commonly used to describe language in the sense of a system of communication, such as English or Spanish.

examples
Hablo cuatro idiomas: inglés, francés, español y aymara. I speak four languages: English, French, Spanish, and Aymara.
¿Qué lenguas has estudiado? What languages have you studied?

Lenguaje

Though it can be used in the same sense as idioma and lengua, the word lenguaje is also commonly used to describe language in the sense of a particular way of speaking used by a certain group or in the sense of non-verbal communication.

examples
Mi hermano dice que entiende el lenguaje de los árboles. My brother says he understands the language of trees.
Solo uso lenguaje jurídico dentro de la sala del tribunal. I only use legal language within the courtroom.

Habla

The word habla is often used to describe the physical capacity for speech and the way a certain person or group uses language. It’s also used in combination with the name of a language in an adjectival sense, as shown in the first example below.

examples
Nora va a una escuela de habla francesa. Nora goes to a French-language school.
El habla de los jóvenes de esta zona se caracteriza por el uso de palabras en inglés. The language of young people in this area is characterized by the use of words in English.

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The word for language in Spanish is idioma.

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When Spanish Words Become Our Own

Adopted and Borrowed Words Enrich English

Una alpaca. (An alpaca.).
Photo by Guido612; licensed via Creative Commons.

Rodeo, pronto, taco, enchilada — English or Spanish?

The answer, of course, is both. For English, like most languages, has expanded over the years through assimilation of words from other tongues. As people of different languages intermingle, inevitably some of the words of one language become words of the other.

It doesn’t take someone who studies etymology to look at a Spanish-language website (or the websites in nearly any other language) to see how English vocabulary, particularly as it relates to technical subjects, is spreading. And while English now may be giving more words to other languages than it is absorbing, that wasn’t always true. For the English vocabulary today is as rich as it is largely because it accepted words from Latin (mostly by way of French). But there’s also a small share of the English language that is derived from Spanish.

Words From Various Origins

Many Spanish words have come to us from three primary sources. As you can hypothesize from the list below, many of them entered American English in the days of Mexican and Spanish cowboys working in what is now the U.S. Southwest. Words of Caribbean origin entered English by way of trade. The third major source is food vocabulary, especially for foods whose names have no English equivalent, as the intermingling of cultures has expanded our diets as well as our vocabulary. As you can see, many of the words changed meaning upon entering English, often by adopting a narrower meaning than in the original language.

Spanish Words Assimilated Into English

Following is a list, by no means complete, of Spanish loanwords that have become assimilated into the English vocabulary. As noted, some of them were adopted into the Spanish language from elsewhere before they were passed on to English. Although most of them retain the spelling and even (more or less) the pronunciation of Spanish, they are all recognized as English words by at least one reference source.

A–B: Adios to Burro

adios (from adiós)
adobe (originally Coptic tobe, «brick»)
aficionado
albino
alcove (from Spanish alcoba, originally Arabic al-qubba)
alfalfa (originally Arabic al-fasfasah. Many other English words beginning with «al» were originally Arabic, and many may have had a Spanish-language connection in becoming English.)
alligator (from el lagarto, «the lizard»)
alpaca (animal similar to a llama, from Aymara allpaca)
armada
armadillo (literally, «the little armed one»)
arroyo (English regionalism for «stream»)
avocado (originally a Nahuatl word, ahuacatl)
bajada (a geological term referring to a type of alluvial slope at the base of a mountain, from bajada, meaning «slope»)
banana (word, originally of African origin, entered English via either Spanish or Portuguese)
bandoleer (type of belt, from bandolera)
barbecue (from barbacoa, a word of Caribbean origin)
barracuda
bizarre (some sources, not all, say this word came from the Spanish bizarro)
bonanza (although the Spanish bonanza can be used synonymously with the English cognate, it more often means «calm seas» or «fair weather»)

booby (from bobo, meaning «silly» or «selfish»)
bravo (from either Italian or Old Spanish)
bronco (means «wild» or «rough» in Spanish)
buckaroo (possibly from vaquero, «cowboy»)
bunco (probably from banco, «bank»)
burrito (literally «little donkey»)
burro

C: Cafeteria to Criollo

cafeteria (from cafetería)
caldera (geological term)
canary (Old Spanish canario entered English by way of French canarie)
canasta (the Spanish word means «basket»)
cannibal (originally of Caribbean origin)
canoe (the word was originally Caribbean)
canyon (from cañón)
cargo (from cargar, «to load»)
castanet (from castañeta)
chaparral (from chaparro, an evergreen oak)
chaps (from Mexican Spanish chaparreras)
chihuahua (dog breed named after Mexican city and state)
chile relleno (Mexican food)
chili (from chile, derived from Nahuatl chilli)
chili con carne (con carne means «with meat»)
chocolate (originally xocolatl, from Nahuatl, an indigenous Mexican language)
churro (Mexican food)
cigar, cigarette (from cigarro)
cilantro
cinch (from cincho, «belt»)
cocaine (from coca, from Quechua kúka)
cockroach (Two English words, «cock» and «roach,» were combined to form «cockroach.» It is believed, but isn’t certain, that the words were chosen because of their similarity to the Spanish cucaracha.)
coco (type of tree, from icaco, originally Arawak ikaku from the Caribbean)

comrade (from camarada, «roommate»)
condor (originally from Quechua, an indigenous South American language)
conquistador
corral
coyote (from the Nahuatl coyotl)
creole (from criollo)
criollo (English term refers to someone indigenous to South America; Spanish term originally referred to anyone from a particular locality)

D–G: Dago to Guerrilla

dago (offensive ethnic term comes from Diego)
dengue (Spanish imported the word from Swahili)
desperado
dorado (type of fish)
El Niño (weather pattern, means «The Child» due to its appearance around Christmas)
embargo (from embargar, to bar)
enchilada (participle of enchilar, «to season with chili»)
fajita (diminutive of faja, a belt or sash, probably so named due to strips of meat)
fiesta (in Spanish, it can mean a party, a celebration, a feast — or a fiesta)
filibuster (from filibustero, derived from Dutch vrijbuiter, «pirate»)
flan (a type of custard)
flauta (a fried, rolled tortilla)
flotilla
frijol (English regionalism for a bean)
galleon (from Spanish galeón)
garbanzo (type of bean)
guacamole (originally from Nahuatl ahuacam, «avocado,» and molli, «sauce»)
guerrilla (In Spanish, the word refers to a small fighting force. A guerrilla fighter is a guerrillero.)

H–L: Habanero to Llama

habanero (a type of pepper; in Spanish, the word refers to something from Havana)
hacienda (in Spanish, the initial h is silent)
hammock (from jamaca, a Caribbean Spanish word)
hoosegow (slang term for a jail comes from Spanish juzgado, participle of juzgar, «to judge»)
huarache (type of sandal)
hurricane (from huracán, originally an indigenous Caribbean word)
iguana (originally from Arawak and Carib iwana)
incomunicado
jaguar (from Spanish and Portuguese, originally from Guarani yaguar)
jalapeño
jerky (the word for dried meat comes from charqui, which in turn came from the Quechua ch’arki)
jicama (originally from Nahuatl)
key (the word for a small island comes from the Spanish cayo, possibly of Caribbean origin)
lariat (from la reata, «the lasso»)
lasso (from lazo)
llama (originally from Quechua)

M–N: Machete to Nopal

machete
machismo
macho (macho usually means simply «male» in Spanish)
maize (from maíz, originally from Arawak mahíz)
manatee (from manatí, originally from Carib)
mano a mano (literally, «hand to hand»)
margarita (a woman’s name meaning «daisy»)
mariachi (a type of traditional Mexican music, or a musician)
marijuana (usually mariguana or marihuana in Spanish)
matador (literally, «killer»)
menudo (Mexican food)
mesa (In Spanish it means «table,» but it also can mean «tableland,» the English meaning.)
mesquite (tree name originally from Nahuatl mizquitl)
mestizo (a type of mixed ancestry)
mole (The name for this delightful chocolate-chili dish is sometimes misspelled as «molé» in English in an attempt to prevent mispronunciation.)
mosquito
mulatto (from mulato)
mustang (from mestengo, «stray»)
nacho
nada (nothing)
negro (comes from either the Spanish or Portuguese word for the color black)
nopal (type of cactus, from Nahuatl nohpalli)

O–P: Ocelot to Punctilio

ocelot (originally Nahuatl oceletl; the word was adopted into Spanish and then French before becoming an English word)
olé (in Spanish, the exclamation can be used in places other than bullfights)
oregano (from orégano)
paella (a savory Spanish rice dish)
palomino (originally meant a white dove in Spanish)
papaya (originally Arawak)
patio (In Spanish, the word most often refers to a courtyard.)
peccadillo (from pecadillo, diminutive of pecado, «sin»)
peso (Although in Spanish a peso is also a monetary unit, it more generally means a weight.)
peyote (originally Nahuatl peyotl)
picaresque (from picaresco)
pickaninny (offensive term, from pequeño, «small»)
pimento (Spanish pimiento)
pinole (a meal made of grain and beans; originally Nahuatl pinolli)
pinta (tropical skin disease)
pinto (Spanish for «spotted» or «painted»)
piñata
piña colada (literally meaning «strained pineapple»)
piñon (type of pine tree, sometimes spelled «pinyon»)
plantain (from plátano or plántano)
plaza
poncho (Spanish adopted the word from Araucanian, an indigenous South American language)

potato (from batata, a word of Caribbean origin)
pronto (from an adjective or adverb meaning «quick» or «quickly»)
pueblo (in Spanish, the word can mean simply «people»)
puma (originally from Quechua)
punctilio (from puntillo, «little point,» or possibly from Italian puntiglio)

Q–S: Quadroon to Stockade

quadroon (from cuaterón)
quesadilla
quirt (type of riding whip, comes from Spanish cuarta)
ranch (Rancho often means «ranch» in Mexican Spanish, but it can also mean a settlement, camp or meal rations.)
reefer (drug slang, possibly from Mexican Spanish grifa, «marijuana»)
remuda (regionalism for a relay of horses)
renegade (from renegado)
rodeo
rumba (from rumbo, originally referring to the course of a ship and, by extension, the revelry aboard)
salsa (In Spanish, almost any kind of a sauce or gravy can be referred to as salsa.)
sarsaparilla (from zarza, «bramble,» and parrilla, «small vine»)
sassafras (from sasafrás)
savanna (from obsolete Spanish çavana, originally Taino zabana, «grassland»)
savvy (from sabe, a form of the verb saber, «to know»)
serape (Mexican blanket)
serrano (type of pepper)
shack (possibly from Mexican Spanish jacal, from the Nahuatl xcalli, «adobe hut»)
siesta
silo
sombrero (In Spanish, the word, which is derived from sombra, «shade,» can mean almost any kind of hat, not just the traditional broad-rimmed Mexican hat.)

spaniel (ultimately from hispania, the same root that gave us the words «Spain» and español)
stampede (from estampida)
stevedore (from estibador, one who stows or packs things)
stockade (from a French derivation of the Spanish estacada, «fence» or «stockade»)

T–Z: Taco to Zapateado

taco (In Spanish, a taco can refer to a stopper, plug or wad. In other words, a taco originally meant a wad of food. Indeed, in Mexico, the variety of tacos is almost endless, far more varied than the beef, lettuce and cheese combination of U.S.-style fast food.)
tamale (The Spanish singular for this Mexican dish is tamal. The English comes from an erroneous backformation of the Spanish plural, tamales.)
tamarillo (type of tree, derived from tomatillo, a small tomato)
tango
tejano (type of music)
tequila (named after a Mexican town of the same name)
tobacco (from tabaco, a word possibly of Caribbean origin)
tomatillo
tomato (from tomate, derived from Nahuatl tomatl)
toreador
tornado (from tronada, thunderstorm)
tortilla (in Spanish, an omelet often is a tortilla)
tuna (from atún)
vamoose (from vamos, a form of «to go»)
vanilla (from vainilla)
vaquero (English regionalism for a cowboy)
vicuña (animal similar to a llama, from Quechua wikuña)
vigilante (from adjective for «vigilant»)
vinegarroon (from vinagrón)

wrangler (some sources say word is derived from Mexican Spanish caballerango, one who grooms horses, while other sources say the word comes from German)
yucca (from yuca, originally a Caribbean word)
zapateado (a type of dance emphasizing movement of the heels)

Источник

All over the world, the use of words borrowed from the English language is rapidly growing. The internet, social media, and the internationalization of American cultural products are among the biggest “English word exporters.”

However, several factors have created a special bond between the Spanish and English languages. For starters, the proximity between the U.S. and Latin America (which is home to the largest number of Spanish speakers in the world) has allowed a great cultural exchange—and with it, an important language exchange. As such, there are several English words used in Spanish and Spanish words used in English.

There is a huge Latin American community living in the United States, and this community has brought elements of the Latin American culture and language into the country. Spanish spoken in the U.S. has changed with time, giving birth to Spanglish: the excessive mixing of English and Spanish by Spanish speakers.

Nonetheless, the mixing of Spanish and English words is not exclusive to Latinos living in the U.S. The use of English words in the Spanish language is present in every Spanish-speaking country, and the language exchange has actually happened both ways! There are numerous words used in the English language that come from Spanish.

In this article, you’ll learn everything about Spanglish, imported English words used in Spanish, and Spanish words used in English. We’ll show you the most popular words and how they are used, so you’ll never be caught off-guard.
Are you ready to take your Spanish speaking to a whole new level with SpanishPod101? Then let’s begin.

Table of Contents

What is Spanglish?
Some Common Spanglish Words
English Loanwords vs. Spanglish
How are Anglicisms Used in Spanish?
Borrowed Spanish Words Used in English
La Despedida

1. What is Spanglish?

Spanglish isn’t something new—it’s a complex linguistic phenomenon that has been building for years now. Some linguists affirm that it dates back to the times when a great part of the North American territory was actually a part of Mexico. Others date it to more recent years, with the immigration of numerous people of Latin American origin into the U.S.

Spanglish is basically a mix between Spanish and English in speech. While it is not an official language and there are no rules about its usage, a lot of people use it in their daily lives. But how did it originate and where does it come from?

The Latin population in the U.S. and the hybridization between Spanish and English

Currently, there are about 30 million people of Hispanic origin living in the United States. Around 60% of this population is bilingual, using both English and Spanish in their daily lives. These bilingual speakers sometimes have a very particular way of mixing English and Spanish when speaking, using what we now call Spanglish.

Some of these newcomers to the U.S. did not speak English when they arrived, so in their effort to communicate, they would mix Spanish with the English words they did know. This way of speaking has passed through generations, and for some, it has become a part of their identity.

With time, the new generations born in the U.S. (whose first language was English) started taking words or expressions from English and using them in Spanish with their own literal translations. Some of these words became so common that they are now widely used and have become a part of the Spanish jargon.

Here’s an example:

English	Spanglish	Correct Spanish Translation
“to call back”	llamar para atrás	llamar de vuelta

Another thing that happens in Spanglish is the “Spanization” of English words. For example:

English	Spanglish	Correct Spanish Translation
“to park”	parquearse	estacionarse

Who speaks Spanglish?

Tacos in Los Angeles

As we mentioned before, Spanglish was born in the U.S., and it’s widely spoken in Spanish-speaking communities in North America. This is especially common in states like California, Texas, and New York, which have very large Hispanic populations.

However, the phenomenon of Spanglish has expanded. In northern Mexico, a lot of people use Spanglish regularly. This is also the case in Central America, particularly in areas of Panama that were heavily influenced by America during the construction of the Panama Canal. Some linguists have also found Spanglish jargon used in Hispanic communities living in Australia and New Zealand.

2. Some Common Spanglish Words

Here are a few more Spanglish examples you’re likely to hear:

English	Spanglish	Actual Spanish Translation
Actually	Actualmente	En realidad
To check	Chequear	Verificar
To freeze	Frizar	Congelar
To watch	Wachar	Mirar
To rent	Rentar	Alquilar
To park	Parquear	Estacionarse

Confusing, right?

Well, it’s just a matter of getting used to managing Spanish and English at the same time. Once you get the hang of it, the words start to flow.

Some of these words are actually so widely used that they have remained in use all over Latin America. A good example is rentar, which a lot of people don’t even know comes from the English word “rent.”

3. English Loanwords vs. Spanglish

Loanwords are another story. They are foreign words that become part of another language’s common vocabulary without a translation. This is something that happens in every language.

Many English loanwords used in Spanish are related to technology. Here are some examples:

Influencer
Email
Click
Google
Hack

Most of these words are adapted for or assimilated into the Spanish language. For example, verbs tend to be conjugated according to Spanish conjugation rules. Other loanwords remain unassimilated and are used exactly as they’re used in English.

We’ll explain this in more detail later in the article. For now, have a look at some of the most common English words used in Spanish.

In Sports

To surf (Surfear)

Spinning	Tengo clase de Spinning en el gimnasio. “I have a spinning class at the gym.”
Surf	Este fin de semana iré a surfear. “This weekend I will go surfing.”
Penalty	El partido se definió por penaltis. “The match was defined by penalties.”
Football	El futbol es mi deporte favorito. “Football is my favorite sport.”
Goal	El equipo anotó 3 goles. “The team scored three goals.”

At the Restaurant

Sandwich	Tengo antojo de un sandwich. “I am craving a sandwich.”
Cocktail	La margarita es mi cóctel favorito. “Margarita is my favorite cocktail.”
Ketchup	Quiero una hamburguesa sin catsup, por favor. “I want a burger without ketchup, please.”
Pie	Voy a hornear un pay. “I will bake a pie.”
Topping	Quiero un helado con topping de chocolate. “I want an ice cream with chocolate topping.”

At Work

Marketing	Trabajo en marketing. “I work in marketing.”
Intern	Soy intern en una ONG. “I am an intern at an NGO.”
Email	Te enviaré un email. “I will send you an email.”
Home office	Una vez al mes hago home office. “I work from home once a month.”
IT	El equipo de IT arreglará tu computadora. “The IT team will fix your computer.”

Traveling

To check in (Hacer check in)

Check in	Tenemos que hacer check-in en el hotel. “We have to check in at the hotel.”
Check out	El check-out es a las 12. “Checkout is at 12.”
Loft	Renté un loft en la playa. “I rented a loft at the beach.”
Voucher	La aerolinea me dio un voucher. “The airline gave me a voucher.”
All-inclusive	Me quedaré en un all inclusive estas vacaciones. “This holiday, I will stay at an all-inclusive.”

→ Would you like to learn more travel-related vocabulary? Check out our series Lessons for Your Flight to Mexico!

4. How are Anglicisms Used in Spanish?

As we mentioned earlier, English words used in Spanish are often merged into the language and are “hispanicized.” This means they are adapted phonologically, graphically, and orthographically to the Spanish language. For example:

Verbs are given a Spanish conjugation.

Voy a googlear eso.	“I will Google that.”
Hackearon mi computadora.	“My computer was hacked.”

Words are also hispanicized in their pronunciation.

Voy a jugar voleibol.	“I will play volleyball.”
Hace frío afuera, voy a usar un suéter.	“It is cold outside, I will wear a sweater.”

However, language experts suggest that the correct way to use English words in Spanish is to maintain their original spelling and pronunciation:

Soy un ingeniero de software. → I am a software engineer.

If you want to learn more about how to pronounce words in Spanish like a native, check out this lesson series!

Is it correct to use Anglicisms in Spanish?

The evolution of languages is a common thing, especially in our globalized society. The inclusion of foreign words in a language is part of this evolution and is something that just can’t be avoided.

However, RAE (Real Academia Española de la Lengua), the biggest authority on the Spanish language, suggests avoiding the use of unnecessary anglicisms, especially when there are Spanish words available.

The use of English words in Spanish changes greatly from country to country. Inhabitants of countries with stronger cultural ties to the U.S., such as Panama, commonly use English words in their vocabulary. Countries like Spain, on the other hand, are more protective toward the purity of the language and tend to have fewer English words incorporated into their vocabulary.

5. Borrowed Spanish Words Used in English

English and Spanish speakers have been exchanging their cultures and languages for centuries, and the relationship goes both ways. As such, there are many borrowed Spanish words used in English.

As you may know, a big part of the United States’ territory used to be part of Mexico about one and a half centuries ago. The Mexican influence in the southern U.S. is especially evident in the number of Mexican Spanish words used in English.

Now, with the growing number of Americans of Hispanic origin, there are more and more Spanish words being used in English. It’s interesting to note that while many of the English words commonly used in Spanish are verbs, most Spanish words used in English are nouns.

→ Would you like to learn more about Mexican Spanish? Find all the basics in this quick lesson.

Food

Mexican food is extremely popular in America, so many of the Mexican words in English are food-related.

Jalapeños (Hot peppers)	“I want nachos with jalapeños. “Quiero nachos con jalapeños.
Cocoa (From ‘cacao,’ the fruit used to make chocolate)	“I’d like to drink hot cocoa. “Me gustaría tomar chocolate caliente.
Avocado (Anglicization of Spanish aguacate)	“Avocado is my favorite fruit. “El aguacate es mi fruta favorita.
Quesadilla (Mexican meal)	“I ate some quesadillas at the Mexican restaurant. “Comí quesadillas en el restaurante mexicano.
Tamale (Mexican meal)	“My grandma makes delicious tamales. “Mi abuela hace tamales deliciosos.

→ Craving some Mexican food? Learn how to order it in Mexican Spanish like a pro in this lesson!

Animals and Nature

Canyon (A deep valley)	“I want to visit the Grand Canyon. “Quiero visitar el gran cañón.
Arroyo (A creek or wash)	“Let’s refresh our hands in the arroyo. “Refresquémos nuestras manos en el arroyo.
Tornado (Funnel-shaped windstorm)	“We have to find shelter before the tornado. “Tenemos que buscar refugio antes del tornado.
Sierra (Chain of mountains)	“The Sierra Nevada crosses the state of California. “La sierra nevada cruza el estado de california.
Mosquito (Insect)	“Mosquitos come out at sunset. “Los mosquitos salen al atardecer.

→ Would you like to learn more about insect names in Spanish? Then don’t miss our Bugs and Insects vocabulary list!

People and Places

Fiesta (Party)	“The village had a fiesta for its patron saint. “El pueblo tuvo una fiesta para su santo patrono.
Patio (Terrace, porch)	“I will go get some sun on the patio. “Voy a tomar sol en el patio.
Ranch (Large farm)	“They have hundreds of cows on the ranch. “Tienen cientos de vacas en el rancho.
Aficionado (Fan)	“I am a jazz aficionado. “Soy un aficionado del jazz.
Conquistador (Conqueror)	“The Spanish conquistadores arrived in Cuba in 1492. “Los conquistadores españoles llegaron a Cuba en 1492.

Well, these are just some of the most common Spanish words used in English—there are many more! In Spanish, the pronunciation of many of these words is anglicized to adapt to their English-language counterparts.

La Despedida

In this guide, you’ve learned about the strong bond between the Spanish and English languages. After reading through so many language exchange examples, can you think of any words we missed?

This is just an overview, and with time, you’ll become more fluent in Spanish and start having conversations with Spanish speakers. The more you converse, the more you’ll realize that the Spanglish phenomenon is more diverse than you could imagine and that it manifests itself differently from one Spanish-speaking country to another.

If you want to learn more Spanish vocabulary and become a master of the language, don’t forget to check out SpanishPod101’s resource library. You can find vocabulary lists, a lesson library, and flashcards to make your learning process fun and easy.

And don’t forget that SpanishPod101 also offers personalized one-on-one lessons with a professional teacher. Just sign up for a Premium PLUS account, and your teacher can guide you through each step of your learning journey and expedite your progress.

Happy learning y hasta luego!

Источник