What is the use of excel functions

ABS function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the absolute value of a number

ACCRINT function

Financial:    Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest

ACCRINTM function

Financial:    Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity

ACOS function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the arccosine of a number

ACOSH function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number

ACOT function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the arccotangent of a number

ACOTH function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the hyperbolic arccotangent of a number

AGGREGATE function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns an aggregate in a list or database

ADDRESS function

Lookup and reference:    Returns a reference as text to a single cell in a worksheet

AMORDEGRC function

Financial:    Returns the depreciation for each accounting period by using a depreciation coefficient

AMORLINC function

Financial:    Returns the depreciation for each accounting period

AND function

Logical:    Returns TRUE if all of its arguments are TRUE

ARABIC function

Math and trigonometry:    Converts a Roman number to Arabic, as a number

AREAS function

Lookup and reference:    Returns the number of areas in a reference

ARRAYTOTEXT function

Text:    Returns an array of text values from any specified range

ASC function

Text:    Changes full-width (double-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to half-width (single-byte) characters

ASIN function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the arcsine of a number

ASINH function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number

ATAN function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the arctangent of a number

ATAN2 function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the arctangent from x- and y-coordinates

ATANH function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number

AVEDEV function

Statistical:    Returns the average of the absolute deviations of data points from their mean

AVERAGE function

Statistical:    Returns the average of its arguments

AVERAGEA function

Statistical:    Returns the average of its arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values

AVERAGEIF function

Statistical:    Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all the cells in a range that meet a given criteria

AVERAGEIFS function

Statistical:    Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all cells that meet multiple criteria.

BAHTTEXT function

Text:    Converts a number to text, using the ß (baht) currency format

BASE function

Math and trigonometry:    Converts a number into a text representation with the given radix (base)

BESSELI function

Engineering:    Returns the modified Bessel function In(x)

BESSELJ function

Engineering:    Returns the Bessel function Jn(x)

BESSELK function

Engineering:    Returns the modified Bessel function Kn(x)

BESSELY function

Engineering:    Returns the Bessel function Yn(x)

BETADIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the beta cumulative distribution function

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

BETA.DIST function

Statistical:    Returns the beta cumulative distribution function

BETAINV function

Compatibility:    Returns the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a specified beta distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

BETA.INV function

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a specified beta distribution

BIN2DEC function

Engineering:    Converts a binary number to decimal

BIN2HEX function

Engineering:    Converts a binary number to hexadecimal

BIN2OCT function

Engineering:    Converts a binary number to octal

BINOMDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

BINOM.DIST function

Statistical:    Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability

BINOM.DIST.RANGE function

Statistical:    Returns the probability of a trial result using a binomial distribution

BINOM.INV function

Statistical:    Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value

BITAND function

Engineering:    Returns a ‘Bitwise And’ of two numbers

BITLSHIFT function

Engineering:    Returns a value number shifted left by shift_amount bits

BITOR function

Engineering:    Returns a bitwise OR of 2 numbers

BITRSHIFT function

Engineering:    Returns a value number shifted right by shift_amount bits

BITXOR function

Engineering:    Returns a bitwise ‘Exclusive Or’ of two numbers

BYCOL

Logical:    Applies a LAMBDA to each column and returns an array of the results

BYROW

Logical:    Applies a LAMBDA to each row and returns an array of the results

CALL function

Add-in and Automation:    Calls a procedure in a dynamic link library or code resource

CEILING function

Compatibility:    Rounds a number to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance

CEILING.MATH function

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number up, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance

CEILING.PRECISE function

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded up.

CELL function

Information:    Returns information about the formatting, location, or contents of a cell

This function is not available in Excel for the web.

CHAR function

Text:    Returns the character specified by the code number

CHIDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution

Note: In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

CHIINV function

Compatibility:    Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution

Note: In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

CHITEST function

Compatibility:    Returns the test for independence

Note: In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

CHISQ.DIST function

Statistical:    Returns the cumulative beta probability density function

CHISQ.DIST.RT function

Statistical:    Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution

CHISQ.INV function

Statistical:    Returns the cumulative beta probability density function

CHISQ.INV.RT function

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution

CHISQ.TEST function

Statistical:    Returns the test for independence

CHOOSE function

Lookup and reference:    Chooses a value from a list of values

CHOOSECOLS

Lookup and reference:    Returns the specified columns from an array

CHOOSEROWS

Lookup and reference:    Returns the specified rows from an array

CLEAN function

Text:    Removes all nonprintable characters from text

CODE function

Text:    Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string

COLUMN function

Lookup and reference:    Returns the column number of a reference

COLUMNS function

Lookup and reference:    Returns the number of columns in a reference

COMBIN function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects

COMBINA function

Math and trigonometry:   

Returns the number of combinations with repetitions for a given number of items

COMPLEX function

Engineering:    Converts real and imaginary coefficients into a complex number

CONCAT function

Text:    Combines the text from multiple ranges and/or strings, but it doesn’t provide the delimiter or IgnoreEmpty arguments.

CONCATENATE function

Text:    Joins several text items into one text item

CONFIDENCE function

Compatibility:    Returns the confidence interval for a population mean

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

CONFIDENCE.NORM function

Statistical:    Returns the confidence interval for a population mean

CONFIDENCE.T function

Statistical:    Returns the confidence interval for a population mean, using a Student’s t distribution

CONVERT function

Engineering:    Converts a number from one measurement system to another

CORREL function

Statistical:    Returns the correlation coefficient between two data sets

COS function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the cosine of a number

COSH function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number

COT function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number

COTH function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the cotangent of an angle

COUNT function

Statistical:    Counts how many numbers are in the list of arguments

COUNTA function

Statistical:    Counts how many values are in the list of arguments

COUNTBLANK function

Statistical:    Counts the number of blank cells within a range

COUNTIF function

Statistical:    Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given criteria

COUNTIFS function

Statistical:    Counts the number of cells within a range that meet multiple criteria

COUPDAYBS function

Financial:    Returns the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period to the settlement date

COUPDAYS function

Financial:    Returns the number of days in the coupon period that contains the settlement date

COUPDAYSNC function

Financial:    Returns the number of days from the settlement date to the next coupon date

COUPNCD function

Financial:    Returns the next coupon date after the settlement date

COUPNUM function

Financial:    Returns the number of coupons payable between the settlement date and maturity date

COUPPCD function

Financial:    Returns the previous coupon date before the settlement date

COVAR function

Compatibility:    Returns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

COVARIANCE.P function

Statistical:    Returns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations

COVARIANCE.S function

Statistical:    Returns the sample covariance, the average of the products deviations for each data point pair in two data sets

CRITBINOM function

Compatibility:    Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

CSC function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the cosecant of an angle

CSCH function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of an angle

CUBEKPIMEMBER function

Cube:    Returns a key performance indicator (KPI) name, property, and measure, and displays the name and property in the cell. A KPI is a quantifiable measurement, such as monthly gross profit or quarterly employee turnover, used to monitor an organization’s performance.

CUBEMEMBER function

Cube:    Returns a member or tuple in a cube hierarchy. Use to validate that the member or tuple exists in the cube.

CUBEMEMBERPROPERTY function

Cube:    Returns the value of a member property in the cube. Use to validate that a member name exists within the cube and to return the specified property for this member.

CUBERANKEDMEMBER function

Cube:    Returns the nth, or ranked, member in a set. Use to return one or more elements in a set, such as the top sales performer or top 10 students.

CUBESET function

Cube:    Defines a calculated set of members or tuples by sending a set expression to the cube on the server, which creates the set, and then returns that set to Microsoft Office Excel.

CUBESETCOUNT function

Cube:    Returns the number of items in a set.

CUBEVALUE function

Cube:    Returns an aggregated value from a cube.

CUMIPMT function

Financial:    Returns the cumulative interest paid between two periods

CUMPRINC function

Financial:    Returns the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods

DATE function

Date and time:    Returns the serial number of a particular date

DATEDIF function

Date and time:    Calculates the number of days, months, or years between two dates. This function is useful in formulas where you need to calculate an age.

DATEVALUE function

Date and time:    Converts a date in the form of text to a serial number

DAVERAGE function

Database:    Returns the average of selected database entries

DAY function

Date and time:    Converts a serial number to a day of the month

DAYS function

Date and time:    Returns the number of days between two dates

DAYS360 function

Date and time:    Calculates the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day year

DB function

Financial:    Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the fixed-declining balance method

DBCS function

Text:    Changes half-width (single-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to full-width (double-byte) characters

DCOUNT function

Database:    Counts the cells that contain numbers in a database

DCOUNTA function

Database:    Counts nonblank cells in a database

DDB function

Financial:    Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the double-declining balance method or some other method that you specify

DEC2BIN function

Engineering:    Converts a decimal number to binary

DEC2HEX function

Engineering:    Converts a decimal number to hexadecimal

DEC2OCT function

Engineering:    Converts a decimal number to octal

DECIMAL function

Math and trigonometry:    Converts a text representation of a number in a given base into a decimal number

DEGREES function

Math and trigonometry:    Converts radians to degrees

DELTA function

Engineering:    Tests whether two values are equal

DEVSQ function

Statistical:    Returns the sum of squares of deviations

DGET function

Database:    Extracts from a database a single record that matches the specified criteria

DISC function

Financial:    Returns the discount rate for a security

DMAX function

Database:    Returns the maximum value from selected database entries

DMIN function

Database:    Returns the minimum value from selected database entries

DOLLAR function

Text:    Converts a number to text, using the $ (dollar) currency format

DOLLARDE function

Financial:    Converts a dollar price, expressed as a fraction, into a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number

DOLLARFR function

Financial:    Converts a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number, into a dollar price, expressed as a fraction

DPRODUCT function

Database:    Multiplies the values in a particular field of records that match the criteria in a database

DROP

Lookup and reference:    Excludes a specified number of rows or columns from the start or end of an array

DSTDEV function

Database:    Estimates the standard deviation based on a sample of selected database entries

DSTDEVP function

Database:    Calculates the standard deviation based on the entire population of selected database entries

DSUM function

Database:    Adds the numbers in the field column of records in the database that match the criteria

DURATION function

Financial:    Returns the annual duration of a security with periodic interest payments

DVAR function

Database:    Estimates variance based on a sample from selected database entries

DVARP function

Database:    Calculates variance based on the entire population of selected database entries

EDATE function

Date and time:    Returns the serial number of the date that is the indicated number of months before or after the start date

EFFECT function

Financial:    Returns the effective annual interest rate

ENCODEURL function

Web:    Returns a URL-encoded string

This function is not available in Excel for the web.

EOMONTH function

Date and time:    Returns the serial number of the last day of the month before or after a specified number of months

ERF function

Engineering:    Returns the error function

ERF.PRECISE function

Engineering:    Returns the error function

ERFC function

Engineering:    Returns the complementary error function

ERFC.PRECISE function

Engineering:    Returns the complementary ERF function integrated between x and infinity

ERROR.TYPE function

Information:    Returns a number corresponding to an error type

EUROCONVERT function

Add-in and Automation:    Converts a number to euros, converts a number from euros to a euro member currency, or converts a number from one euro member currency to another by using the euro as an intermediary (triangulation).

EVEN function

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer

EXACT function

Text:    Checks to see if two text values are identical

EXP function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns e raised to the power of a given number

EXPAND

Lookup and reference:    Expands or pads an array to specified row and column dimensions

EXPON.DIST function

Statistical:    Returns the exponential distribution

EXPONDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the exponential distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

FACT function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the factorial of a number

FACTDOUBLE function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the double factorial of a number

FALSE function

Logical:    Returns the logical value FALSE

F.DIST function

Statistical:    Returns the F probability distribution

FDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the F probability distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

F.DIST.RT function

Statistical:    Returns the F probability distribution

FILTER function

Lookup and reference:    Filters a range of data based on criteria you define

FILTERXML function

Web:    Returns specific data from the XML content by using the specified XPath

This function is not available in Excel for the web.

FIND, FINDB functions

Text:    Finds one text value within another (case-sensitive)

F.INV function

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution

F.INV.RT function

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution

FINV function

Compatibility:    Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution

In Excel 2007this is a Statistical function.

FISHER function

Statistical:    Returns the Fisher transformation

FISHERINV function

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the Fisher transformation

FIXED function

Text:    Formats a number as text with a fixed number of decimals

FLOOR function

Compatibility:    Rounds a number down, toward zero

In Excel 2007 and Excel 2010, this is a Math and trigonometry function.

FLOOR.MATH function

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number down, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance

FLOOR.PRECISE function

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded up.

FORECAST function

Statistical:    Returns a value along a linear trend

In Excel 2016, this function is replaced with FORECAST.LINEAR as part of the new Forecasting functions, but it’s still available for compatibility with earlier versions.

FORECAST.ETS function

Statistical:    Returns a future value based on existing (historical) values by using the AAA version of the Exponential Smoothing (ETS) algorithm

FORECAST.ETS.CONFINT function

Statistical:    Returns a confidence interval for the forecast value at the specified target date

FORECAST.ETS.SEASONALITY function

Statistical:    Returns the length of the repetitive pattern Excel detects for the specified time series

FORECAST.ETS.STAT function

Statistical:    Returns a statistical value as a result of time series forecasting

FORECAST.LINEAR function

Statistical:    Returns a future value based on existing values

FORMULATEXT function

Lookup and reference:    Returns the formula at the given reference as text

FREQUENCY function

Statistical:    Returns a frequency distribution as a vertical array

F.TEST function

Statistical:    Returns the result of an F-test

FTEST function

Compatibility:    Returns the result of an F-test

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

FV function

Financial:    Returns the future value of an investment

FVSCHEDULE function

Financial:    Returns the future value of an initial principal after applying a series of compound interest rates

GAMMA function

Statistical:    Returns the Gamma function value

GAMMA.DIST function

Statistical:    Returns the gamma distribution

GAMMADIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the gamma distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

GAMMA.INV function

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution

GAMMAINV function

Compatibility:    Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

GAMMALN function

Statistical:    Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x)

GAMMALN.PRECISE function

Statistical:    Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x)

GAUSS function

Statistical:    Returns 0.5 less than the standard normal cumulative distribution

GCD function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the greatest common divisor

GEOMEAN function

Statistical:    Returns the geometric mean

GESTEP function

Engineering:    Tests whether a number is greater than a threshold value

GETPIVOTDATA function

Lookup and reference:    Returns data stored in a PivotTable report

GROWTH function

Statistical:    Returns values along an exponential trend

HARMEAN function

Statistical:    Returns the harmonic mean

HEX2BIN function

Engineering:    Converts a hexadecimal number to binary

HEX2DEC function

Engineering:    Converts a hexadecimal number to decimal

HEX2OCT function

Engineering:    Converts a hexadecimal number to octal

HLOOKUP function

Lookup and reference:    Looks in the top row of an array and returns the value of the indicated cell

HOUR function

Date and time:    Converts a serial number to an hour

HSTACK

Lookup and reference:    Appends arrays horizontally and in sequence to return a larger array

HYPERLINK function

Lookup and reference:    Creates a shortcut or jump that opens a document stored on a network server, an intranet, or the Internet

HYPGEOM.DIST function

Statistical:    Returns the hypergeometric distribution

HYPGEOMDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the hypergeometric distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

IF function

Logical:    Specifies a logical test to perform

IFERROR function

Logical:    Returns a value you specify if a formula evaluates to an error; otherwise, returns the result of the formula

IFNA function

Logical:    Returns the value you specify if the expression resolves to #N/A, otherwise returns the result of the expression

IFS function

Logical:    Checks whether one or more conditions are met and returns a value that corresponds to the first TRUE condition.

IMABS function

Engineering:    Returns the absolute value (modulus) of a complex number

IMAGINARY function

Engineering:    Returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number

IMARGUMENT function

Engineering:    Returns the argument theta, an angle expressed in radians

IMCONJUGATE function

Engineering:    Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number

IMCOS function

Engineering:    Returns the cosine of a complex number

IMCOSH function

Engineering:    Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a complex number

IMCOT function

Engineering:    Returns the cotangent of a complex number

IMCSC function

Engineering:    Returns the cosecant of a complex number

IMCSCH function

Engineering:    Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of a complex number

IMDIV function

Engineering:    Returns the quotient of two complex numbers

IMEXP function

Engineering:    Returns the exponential of a complex number

IMLN function

Engineering:    Returns the natural logarithm of a complex number

IMLOG10 function

Engineering:    Returns the base-10 logarithm of a complex number

IMLOG2 function

Engineering:    Returns the base-2 logarithm of a complex number

IMPOWER function

Engineering:    Returns a complex number raised to an integer power

IMPRODUCT function

Engineering:    Returns the product of complex numbers

IMREAL function

Engineering:    Returns the real coefficient of a complex number

IMSEC function

Engineering:    Returns the secant of a complex number

IMSECH function

Engineering:    Returns the hyperbolic secant of a complex number

IMSIN function

Engineering:    Returns the sine of a complex number

IMSINH function

Engineering:    Returns the hyperbolic sine of a complex number

IMSQRT function

Engineering:    Returns the square root of a complex number

IMSUB function

Engineering:    Returns the difference between two complex numbers

IMSUM function

Engineering:    Returns the sum of complex numbers

IMTAN function

Engineering:    Returns the tangent of a complex number

INDEX function

Lookup and reference:    Uses an index to choose a value from a reference or array

INDIRECT function

Lookup and reference:    Returns a reference indicated by a text value

INFO function

Information:    Returns information about the current operating environment

This function is not available in Excel for the web.

INT function

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number down to the nearest integer

INTERCEPT function

Statistical:    Returns the intercept of the linear regression line

INTRATE function

Financial:    Returns the interest rate for a fully invested security

IPMT function

Financial:    Returns the interest payment for an investment for a given period

IRR function

Financial:    Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows

ISBLANK function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the value is blank

ISERR function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the value is any error value except #N/A

ISERROR function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the value is any error value

ISEVEN function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the number is even

ISFORMULA function

Information:    Returns TRUE if there is a reference to a cell that contains a formula

ISLOGICAL function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the value is a logical value

ISNA function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the value is the #N/A error value

ISNONTEXT function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the value is not text

ISNUMBER function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the value is a number

ISODD function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the number is odd

ISOMITTED

Information:    Checks whether the value in a LAMBDA is missing and returns TRUE or FALSE

ISREF function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the value is a reference

ISTEXT function

Information:    Returns TRUE if the value is text

ISO.CEILING function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns a number that is rounded up to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance

ISOWEEKNUM function

Date and time:    Returns the number of the ISO week number of the year for a given date

ISPMT function

Financial:    Calculates the interest paid during a specific period of an investment

JIS function

Text:    Changes half-width (single-byte) characters within a string to full-width (double-byte) characters

KURT function

Statistical:    Returns the kurtosis of a data set

LAMBDA

Logical:    Create custom, reusable functions and call them by a friendly name

LARGE function

Statistical:    Returns the k-th largest value in a data set

LCM function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the least common multiple

LEFT, LEFTB functions

Text:    Returns the leftmost characters from a text value

LEN, LENB functions

Text:    Returns the number of characters in a text string

LET

Logical:    Assigns names to calculation results

LINEST function

Statistical:    Returns the parameters of a linear trend

LN function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the natural logarithm of a number

LOG function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base

LOG10 function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number

LOGEST function

Statistical:    Returns the parameters of an exponential trend

LOGINV function

Compatibility:    Returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution

LOGNORM.DIST function

Statistical:    Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution

LOGNORMDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution

LOGNORM.INV function

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution

LOOKUP function

Lookup and reference:    Looks up values in a vector or array

LOWER function

Text:    Converts text to lowercase

MAKEARRAY

Logical:    Returns a calculated array of a specified row and column size, by applying a LAMBDA

MAP

Logical:    Returns an array formed by mapping each value in the array(s) to a new value by applying a LAMBDA to create a new value

MATCH function

Lookup and reference:    Looks up values in a reference or array

MAX function

Statistical:    Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments

MAXA function

Statistical:    Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values

MAXIFS function

Statistical:    Returns the maximum value among cells specified by a given set of conditions or criteria

MDETERM function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the matrix determinant of an array

MDURATION function

Financial:    Returns the Macauley modified duration for a security with an assumed par value of $100

MEDIAN function

Statistical:    Returns the median of the given numbers

MID, MIDB functions

Text:    Returns a specific number of characters from a text string starting at the position you specify

MIN function

Statistical:    Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments

MINIFS function

Statistical:    Returns the minimum value among cells specified by a given set of conditions or criteria.

MINA function

Statistical:    Returns the smallest value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values

MINUTE function

Date and time:    Converts a serial number to a minute

MINVERSE function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the matrix inverse of an array

MIRR function

Financial:    Returns the internal rate of return where positive and negative cash flows are financed at different rates

MMULT function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the matrix product of two arrays

MOD function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the remainder from division

MODE function

Compatibility:    Returns the most common value in a data set

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

MODE.MULT function

Statistical:    Returns a vertical array of the most frequently occurring, or repetitive values in an array or range of data

MODE.SNGL function

Statistical:    Returns the most common value in a data set

MONTH function

Date and time:    Converts a serial number to a month

MROUND function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple

MULTINOMIAL function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the multinomial of a set of numbers

MUNIT function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the unit matrix or the specified dimension

N function

Information:    Returns a value converted to a number

NA function

Information:    Returns the error value #N/A

NEGBINOM.DIST function

Statistical:    Returns the negative binomial distribution

NEGBINOMDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the negative binomial distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

NETWORKDAYS function

Date and time:    Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates

NETWORKDAYS.INTL function

Date and time:    Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates using parameters to indicate which and how many days are weekend days

NOMINAL function

Financial:    Returns the annual nominal interest rate

NORM.DIST function

Statistical:    Returns the normal cumulative distribution

NORMDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the normal cumulative distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

NORMINV function

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution

NORM.INV function

Compatibility:    Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution

Note: In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

NORM.S.DIST function

Statistical:    Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution

NORMSDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

NORM.S.INV function

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution

NORMSINV function

Compatibility:    Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

NOT function

Logical:    Reverses the logic of its argument

NOW function

Date and time:    Returns the serial number of the current date and time

NPER function

Financial:    Returns the number of periods for an investment

NPV function

Financial:    Returns the net present value of an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows and a discount rate

NUMBERVALUE function

Text:    Converts text to number in a locale-independent manner

OCT2BIN function

Engineering:    Converts an octal number to binary

OCT2DEC function

Engineering:    Converts an octal number to decimal

OCT2HEX function

Engineering:    Converts an octal number to hexadecimal

ODD function

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer

ODDFPRICE function

Financial:    Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd first period

ODDFYIELD function

Financial:    Returns the yield of a security with an odd first period

ODDLPRICE function

Financial:    Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd last period

ODDLYIELD function

Financial:    Returns the yield of a security with an odd last period

OFFSET function

Lookup and reference:    Returns a reference offset from a given reference

OR function

Logical:    Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE

PDURATION function

Financial:    Returns the number of periods required by an investment to reach a specified value

PEARSON function

Statistical:    Returns the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient

PERCENTILE.EXC function

Statistical:    Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range, where k is in the range 0..1, exclusive

PERCENTILE.INC function

Statistical:    Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range

PERCENTILE function

Compatibility:    Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

PERCENTRANK.EXC function

Statistical:    Returns the rank of a value in a data set as a percentage (0..1, exclusive) of the data set

PERCENTRANK.INC function

Statistical:    Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set

PERCENTRANK function

Compatibility:    Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

PERMUT function

Statistical:    Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects

PERMUTATIONA function

Statistical:    Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects (with repetitions) that can be selected from the total objects

PHI function

Statistical:    Returns the value of the density function for a standard normal distribution

PHONETIC function

Text:    Extracts the phonetic (furigana) characters from a text string

PI function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the value of pi

PMT function

Financial:    Returns the periodic payment for an annuity

POISSON.DIST function

Statistical:    Returns the Poisson distribution

POISSON function

Compatibility:    Returns the Poisson distribution

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

POWER function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the result of a number raised to a power

PPMT function

Financial:    Returns the payment on the principal for an investment for a given period

PRICE function

Financial:    Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays periodic interest

PRICEDISC function

Financial:    Returns the price per $100 face value of a discounted security

PRICEMAT function

Financial:    Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays interest at maturity

PROB function

Statistical:    Returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits

PRODUCT function

Math and trigonometry:    Multiplies its arguments

PROPER function

Text:    Capitalizes the first letter in each word of a text value

PV function

Financial:    Returns the present value of an investment

QUARTILE function

Compatibility:    Returns the quartile of a data set

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

QUARTILE.EXC function

Statistical:    Returns the quartile of the data set, based on percentile values from 0..1, exclusive

QUARTILE.INC function

Statistical:    Returns the quartile of a data set

QUOTIENT function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the integer portion of a division

RADIANS function

Math and trigonometry:    Converts degrees to radians

RAND function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns a random number between 0 and 1

RANDARRAY function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns an array of random numbers between 0 and 1. However, you can specify the number of rows and columns to fill, minimum and maximum values, and whether to return whole numbers or decimal values.

RANDBETWEEN function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns a random number between the numbers you specify

RANK.AVG function

Statistical:    Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers

RANK.EQ function

Statistical:    Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers

RANK function

Compatibility:    Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

RATE function

Financial:    Returns the interest rate per period of an annuity

RECEIVED function

Financial:    Returns the amount received at maturity for a fully invested security

REDUCE

Logical:    Reduces an array to an accumulated value by applying a LAMBDA to each value and returning the total value in the accumulator

REGISTER.ID function

Add-in and Automation:    Returns the register ID of the specified dynamic link library (DLL) or code resource that has been previously registered

REPLACE, REPLACEB functions

Text:    Replaces characters within text

REPT function

Text:    Repeats text a given number of times

RIGHT, RIGHTB functions

Text:    Returns the rightmost characters from a text value

ROMAN function

Math and trigonometry:    Converts an arabic numeral to roman, as text

ROUND function

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number to a specified number of digits

ROUNDDOWN function

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number down, toward zero

ROUNDUP function

Math and trigonometry:    Rounds a number up, away from zero

ROW function

Lookup and reference:    Returns the row number of a reference

ROWS function

Lookup and reference:    Returns the number of rows in a reference

RRI function

Financial:    Returns an equivalent interest rate for the growth of an investment

RSQ function

Statistical:    Returns the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient

RTD function

Lookup and reference:    Retrieves real-time data from a program that supports COM automation

SCAN

Logical:    Scans an array by applying a LAMBDA to each value and returns an array that has each intermediate value

SEARCH, SEARCHB functions

Text:    Finds one text value within another (not case-sensitive)

SEC function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the secant of an angle

SECH function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the hyperbolic secant of an angle

SECOND function

Date and time:    Converts a serial number to a second

SEQUENCE function

Math and trigonometry:    Generates a list of sequential numbers in an array, such as 1, 2, 3, 4

SERIESSUM function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the sum of a power series based on the formula

SHEET function

Information:    Returns the sheet number of the referenced sheet

SHEETS function

Information:    Returns the number of sheets in a reference

SIGN function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the sign of a number

SIN function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the sine of the given angle

SINH function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number

SKEW function

Statistical:    Returns the skewness of a distribution

SKEW.P function

Statistical:    Returns the skewness of a distribution based on a population: a characterization of the degree of asymmetry of a distribution around its mean

SLN function

Financial:    Returns the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period

SLOPE function

Statistical:    Returns the slope of the linear regression line

SMALL function

Statistical:    Returns the k-th smallest value in a data set

SORT function

Lookup and reference:    Sorts the contents of a range or array

SORTBY function

Lookup and reference:    Sorts the contents of a range or array based on the values in a corresponding range or array

SQRT function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns a positive square root

SQRTPI function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the square root of (number * pi)

STANDARDIZE function

Statistical:    Returns a normalized value

STOCKHISTORY function

Financial:    Retrieves historical data about a financial instrument

STDEV function

Compatibility:    Estimates standard deviation based on a sample

STDEV.P function

Statistical:    Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population

STDEV.S function

Statistical:    Estimates standard deviation based on a sample

STDEVA function

Statistical:    Estimates standard deviation based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values

STDEVP function

Compatibility:    Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

STDEVPA function

Statistical:    Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values

STEYX function

Statistical:    Returns the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in the regression

SUBSTITUTE function

Text:    Substitutes new text for old text in a text string

SUBTOTAL function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns a subtotal in a list or database

SUM function

Math and trigonometry:    Adds its arguments

SUMIF function

Math and trigonometry:    Adds the cells specified by a given criteria

SUMIFS function

Math and trigonometry:    Adds the cells in a range that meet multiple criteria

SUMPRODUCT function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the sum of the products of corresponding array components

SUMSQ function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments

SUMX2MY2 function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays

SUMX2PY2 function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays

SUMXMY2 function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two arrays

SWITCH function

Logical:    Evaluates an expression against a list of values and returns the result corresponding to the first matching value. If there is no match, an optional default value may be returned.

SYD function

Financial:    Returns the sum-of-years’ digits depreciation of an asset for a specified period

T function

Text:    Converts its arguments to text

TAN function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the tangent of a number

TANH function

Math and trigonometry:    Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number

TAKE

Lookup and reference:    Returns a specified number of contiguous rows or columns from the start or end of an array

TBILLEQ function

Financial:    Returns the bond-equivalent yield for a Treasury bill

TBILLPRICE function

Financial:    Returns the price per $100 face value for a Treasury bill

TBILLYIELD function

Financial:    Returns the yield for a Treasury bill

T.DIST function

Statistical:    Returns the Percentage Points (probability) for the Student t-distribution

T.DIST.2T function

Statistical:    Returns the Percentage Points (probability) for the Student t-distribution

T.DIST.RT function

Statistical:    Returns the Student’s t-distribution

TDIST function

Compatibility:    Returns the Student’s t-distribution

TEXT function

Text:    Formats a number and converts it to text

TEXTAFTER

Text:    Returns text that occurs after given character or string

TEXTBEFORE

Text:    Returns text that occurs before a given character or string

TEXTJOIN

Text:    Combines the text from multiple ranges and/or strings

TEXTSPLIT

Text:    Splits text strings by using column and row delimiters

TIME function

Date and time:    Returns the serial number of a particular time

TIMEVALUE function

Date and time:    Converts a time in the form of text to a serial number

T.INV function

Statistical:    Returns the t-value of the Student’s t-distribution as a function of the probability and the degrees of freedom

T.INV.2T function

Statistical:    Returns the inverse of the Student’s t-distribution

TINV function

Compatibility:    Returns the inverse of the Student’s t-distribution

TOCOL

Lookup and reference:    Returns the array in a single column

TOROW

Lookup and reference:    Returns the array in a single row

TODAY function

Date and time:    Returns the serial number of today’s date

TRANSPOSE function

Lookup and reference:    Returns the transpose of an array

TREND function

Statistical:    Returns values along a linear trend

TRIM function

Text:    Removes spaces from text

TRIMMEAN function

Statistical:    Returns the mean of the interior of a data set

TRUE function

Logical:    Returns the logical value TRUE

TRUNC function

Math and trigonometry:    Truncates a number to an integer

T.TEST function

Statistical:    Returns the probability associated with a Student’s t-test

TTEST function

Compatibility:    Returns the probability associated with a Student’s t-test

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

TYPE function

Information:    Returns a number indicating the data type of a value

UNICHAR function

Text:    Returns the Unicode character that is references by the given numeric value

UNICODE function

Text:    Returns the number (code point) that corresponds to the first character of the text

UNIQUE function

Lookup and reference:    Returns a list of unique values in a list or range

UPPER function

Text:    Converts text to uppercase

VALUE function

Text:    Converts a text argument to a number

VALUETOTEXT

Text:    Returns text from any specified value

VAR function

Compatibility:    Estimates variance based on a sample

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

VAR.P function

Statistical:    Calculates variance based on the entire population

VAR.S function

Statistical:    Estimates variance based on a sample

VARA function

Statistical:    Estimates variance based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values

VARP function

Compatibility:    Calculates variance based on the entire population

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

VARPA function

Statistical:    Calculates variance based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values

VDB function

Financial:    Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified or partial period by using a declining balance method

VLOOKUP function

Lookup and reference:    Looks in the first column of an array and moves across the row to return the value of a cell

VSTACK

Look and reference:    Appends arrays vertically and in sequence to return a larger array

WEBSERVICE function

Web:    Returns data from a web service.

This function is not available in Excel for the web.

WEEKDAY function

Date and time:    Converts a serial number to a day of the week

WEEKNUM function

Date and time:    Converts a serial number to a number representing where the week falls numerically with a year

WEIBULL function

Compatibility:    Calculates variance based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

WEIBULL.DIST function

Statistical:    Returns the Weibull distribution

WORKDAY function

Date and time:    Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays

WORKDAY.INTL function

Date and time:    Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays using parameters to indicate which and how many days are weekend days

WRAPCOLS

Look and reference:    Wraps the provided row or column of values by columns after a specified number of elements

WRAPROWS

Look and reference:    Wraps the provided row or column of values by rows after a specified number of elements

XIRR function

Financial:    Returns the internal rate of return for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic

XLOOKUP function

Lookup and reference:    Searches a range or an array, and returns an item corresponding to the first match it finds. If a match doesn’t exist, then XLOOKUP can return the closest (approximate) match. 

XMATCH function

Lookup and reference:    Returns the relative position of an item in an array or range of cells. 

XNPV function

Financial:    Returns the net present value for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic

XOR function

Logical:    Returns a logical exclusive OR of all arguments

YEAR function

Date and time:    Converts a serial number to a year

YEARFRAC function

Date and time:    Returns the year fraction representing the number of whole days between start_date and end_date

YIELD function

Financial:    Returns the yield on a security that pays periodic interest

YIELDDISC function

Financial:    Returns the annual yield for a discounted security; for example, a Treasury bill

YIELDMAT function

Financial:    Returns the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity

Z.TEST function

Statistical:    Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test

ZTEST function

Compatibility:    Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test

In Excel 2007, this is a Statistical function.

Home / What is a Function in Excel

Home / What is a Function in Excel

What is a Function in Excel

In Excel, a function is a predefined formula that performs a specific calculation by using values a user input as arguments. Every Excel function has a specific purpose, in simple words, it calculates a specific value. Each function has its arguments (the value one needs to input) to get the result value in the cell.

Components

Each function has two major components. In short, each function (except a few) is made up of two following things:

• Function Name
• Arguments

Let me show you an example. Let’s take a look at the below function which we have inserted in the cell A1.

Now if you look at the formula bar you can understand the structure of the function by splitting it into two parts i.e. name and arguments.

Function Arguments

As I have already mentioned that in a function you need to specify input values to get the desired result. An argument is that value which you need to specify. If you look at the syntax of a function you can see there in each function there is set arguments to specify.

Below are the types of arguments:

• Required: A required argument is compulsory for a user to specify and without which a function can’t calculate its result.
• Optional: If you skip specifying these arguments it will not stop a function to calculate its result value.
• No Arguments: There are few functions (like NOW) where you don’t need to specify any argument.

How to INSERT a Function in Excel

The easiest way to insert a function in a cell in Excel is to type the name of the function you want to insert starting with equals to sign.

Let’s say you want to insert the SUM function:

• First of all, you need to type = and the then type SUM.
• After that, enter the opening parentheses.
• Specify the arguments (refer to a cell or you can directly enter values into the function).
• In the end, type closing parentheses and hit enter.

Major Types

Below are the major types:

• Text Functions: If you deal with data where you have text, then below are some of the functions which you need to learn to work efficiently.
• Date Functions: Dates are one of the major ingredients of data that you use every day, and helps you to analyze your data in a better way.
• Time Functions: Just like dates, time is could also be there in data and you can use time functions to deal with data where you have time values.
• Logical Functions: Logical functions can help you create some of the most helpful formula in your spreadsheet.
• Maths Functions: Excel is all about calculations and analysis, and mathematical functions and you can use these functions to get better in calculations and analysis.
• Statistical Functions: One of the best things about Excel is there are a bunch of statistical functions there that you can use to analyze data easily.
• Lookup Functions: In Excel, there some specific functions which can help you to look up a value or specific information about a cell or a range of cells.
• Information Function: These some specific functions which you can use to get information about the values you supplied.
• Financial Functions: These functions can help you calculate some of the common but important financial calculations in an easy way.

About the Author

Puneet is using Excel since his college days. He helped thousands of people to understand the power of the spreadsheets and learn Microsoft Excel. You can find him online, tweeting about Excel, on a running track, or sometimes hiking up a mountain.

The most frequently used functions in Excel are:

• AutoSum;
• IF function;
• LOOKUP function;
• VLOOKUP function;
• HLOOKUP function;
• MATCH function;
• CHOOSE function;
• DATE function;

5 Functions of Excel/Sheets That Every Professional Should Know

• VLookup Formula.
• Concatenate Formula.
• Text to Columns.
• Remove Duplicates.
• Pivot Tables.

What are the 10 functions in Excel?

10 Excel Functions Every Marketer Should Know

• Table Formatting. What it does: transforms your data into an interactive database.
• Pivot Tables. What it does: summarizes data and finds unique values.
• Charting.
• COUNTIFS.
• SUMIFS.
• IF Statements.
• CONCATENATE.
• VLOOKUP.

What are the 4 major functions of Excel?

To help you get started, here are 5 important Excel functions you should learn today.

• The SUM Function. The sum function is the most used function when it comes to computing data on Excel.
• The TEXT Function.
• The VLOOKUP Function.
• The AVERAGE Function.
• The CONCATENATE Function.

What are the 20 Excel functions?

• Sum. “Sum” is probably the easiest and the most important Excel function at the same time.
• Average. Another very important function.
• If. Another must-use formula.
• Sumif. Sumif is another very useful Excel formula.
• Countif. Countif is a very useful function that works like a sumif.
• Counta.
• Vlookup.
• Left, Right, Mid.

How many functions are there in Excel?

Though every Excel feature has a use case, no single person uses every Excel feature themselves. Cut through the 500+ functions, and you’re left with 100 or so truly useful functions and features for the majority of modern knowledge workers.

What are the most used functions in Excel?

SUM functions. Probably the most frequently used function in Excel (or any other spreadsheet program), =SUM does just that: It sums a column, row, or range of numbers—but it doesn’t just sum. It also subtracts, multiplies, divides, and uses any of the comparison operators to return a result of 1 (true) or 0 (false).

How many types of functions do you know?

There are three different forms of representation of functions. The functions need to be represented to showcase the domain values and the range values and the relationship between them.

What is function in Excel with example?

Functions are predefined formulas and are already available in Excel. For example, cell A3 below contains a formula which adds the value of cell A2 to the value of cell A1. For example, cell A3 below contains the SUM function which calculates the sum of the range A1:A2.

What are the six functions of MS Excel?

The six functions are CONCAT, TEXTJOIN, IFS, SWITCH, MAXIFS, and MINIFS. The new chart type is a funnel chart. At least two of these calculation functions are vast improvements over existing functionality.

Is there a for function in Excel?

The FOR… NEXT statement is a built-in function in Excel that is categorized as a Logical Function. It can be used as a VBA function (VBA) in Excel. As a VBA function, you can use this function in macro code that is entered through the Microsoft Visual Basic Editor.

What are the 3 common uses for Excel?

The three most common general uses for spreadsheet software are to create budgets, produce graphs and charts, and for storing and sorting data. Within business spreadsheet software is used to forecast future performance, calculate tax, completing basic payroll, producing charts and calculating revenues.

What are the 12 types of functions?

Terms in this set (12)

• Quadratic. f(x)=x^2. D: -∞,∞ R: 0,∞
• Reciprocal. f(x)=1/x. D: -∞,0 U 0,∞ R: -∞,0 U 0,∞ Odd.
• Exponential. f(x)=e^x. D: -∞,∞ R: 0,∞
• Sine. f(x)=SINx. D: -∞,∞ R: -1,1. Odd.
• Greatest Integer. f(x)= [[x]] D: -∞,∞ R: {All Integers} Neither.
• Absolute Value. f(x)= I x I. D: -∞,∞ R: 0,∞
• Linear. f(x)=x. Odd.
• Cubic. f(x)=x^3. Odd.

What are the 4 types of functions?

The various types of functions are as follows:

• Many to one function.
• One to one function.
• Onto function.
• One and onto function.
• Constant function.
• Identity function.
• Quadratic function.
• Polynomial function.

What are the 8 types of functions?

The eight types are linear, power, quadratic, polynomial, rational, exponential, logarithmic, and sinusoidal.

What are spreadsheet functions?

A function is a predefined formula that performs calculations using specific values in a particular order. All spreadsheet programs include common functions that can be used for quickly finding the sum, average, count, maximum value, and minimum value for a range of cells.

Which is an example of a function?

The formula for the area of a circle is an example of a polynomial function.The graph of the function then consists of the points with coordinates (x, y) where y = f(x). For example, the graph of the cubic equation f(x) = x³ − 3x + 2 is shown in the figure.

What are the new functions in Excel?

New functions

• CONCAT. This new function is like CONCATENATE, but better.
• IFS. Tired of typing complicated, nested IF functions?
• MAXIFS. This function returns the largest number in a range, that meets a single or multiple criteria.
• MINIFS.
• SWITCH.
• TEXTJOIN.

How do you use functions in Excel?

Enter a formula that contains a built-in function

1. Select an empty cell.
2. Type an equal sign = and then type a function. For example, =SUM for getting the total sales.
3. Type an opening parenthesis (.
4. Select the range of cells, and then type a closing parenthesis).
5. Press Enter to get the result.

How do you use the OR function in Excel?

The OR function is a logical function to test multiple conditions at the same time. OR returns either TRUE or FALSE. For example, to test A1 for either “x” or “y”, use =OR(A1=”x”,A1=”y”).

What are the types of functions in Excel?

Seven Basic Excel Formulas For Your Workflow

• SUM. The SUM function. The function will sum up cells that are supplied as multiple arguments.
• AVERAGE. The AVERAGE function.
• COUNT. The COUNT function.
• COUNTA. Like the COUNT function, COUNTA.
• IF. The IF function.
• TRIM. The TRIM function.
• MAX & MIN. The MAX.

Here you will find a detailed tutorial on 100+ Excel Functions & VBA Functions. Each Excel function is covered in detail with Examples and Videos.

Excel Functions – Date and Time

Excel Function	Description
Excel DATE Function	Excel DATE function can be used when you want to get the date value using the year, month and, day values as the input arguments. It returns a serial number that represents a specific date in Excel.
​Excel DATEVALUE Function	Excel DATEVALUE function is best suited for situations when a date is stored as text. This function converts the date from text format to a serial number that Excel recognizes as a date.
Excel DAY Function	Excel DAY function can be used when you want to get the day value (ranging between 1 to 31) from a specified date. It returns a value between 0 and 31 depending on the date used as the input.
Excel HOUR Function	Excel HOUR function can be used when you want to get the HOUR integer value from a specified time value. It returns a value between 0 (12:00 A.M.) and 23 (11:00 P.M.) depending on the time value used as the input
Excel MINUTE Function	Excel MINUTE function can be used when you want to get the MINUTE integer value from a specified time value. It returns a value between 0 and 59 depending on the time value used as the input.
Excel NETWORKDAYS Function	Excel NETWORKDAYS function can be used when you want to get the number of working days between two given dates. It does not count the weekends between the specified dates (by default the weekend is Saturday and Sunday). It can also exclude any specified holidays.
Excel NETWORKDAYS.INTL Function	Excel NETWORKDAYS.INTL function can be used when you want to get the number of working days between two given dates. It does not count the weekends and holidays, both of which can be specified by the user. It also enables you to specify the weekend (for example, you can specify Friday and Saturday as the weekend, or only Sunday as the weekend).
Excel NOW Function	Excel NOW function can be used to get the current date and time value.
Excel SECOND Function	Excel SECOND function can be used want to get the integer value of the seconds from a specified time value. It returns a value between 0 and 59 depending on the time value used as the input.
Excel TODAY Function	Excel TODAY function can be used to get the current date. It returns a serial number that represents the current date.
Excel WEEKDAY Function	Excel WEEKDAY function can be used to get the day of the week as a number for the specified date. It returns a number between 1 and 7 that represents the corresponding day of the week.
Excel WORKDAY Function	Excel WORKDAY function can be used when you want to get the date after a given number of working days. By default, it takes Saturday and Sunday as the weekend
Excel WORKDAY.INTL Function	Excel WORKDAY.INTL function can be used when you want to get the date after a given number of working days. In this function, you can specify the weekend to be days other than Saturday and Sunday.
Excel DATEDIF Function	Excel DATEDIF function can be used when you want to calculate the number of years, months, or days between the two specified dates. A good example would be calculating the age.

Excel Functions – Logical

Excel Function	Description
Excel AND Function	Excel AND function can be used when you want to check multiple conditions. It returns TRUE only when all the given conditions are true.
Excel FALSE Function	Excel FALSE function returns the logical value FALSE. It does not take any input arguments.
Excel IF Function	Excel IF Function is best suited for situations where you want to evaluate a condition, and the return a value if it is TRUE and another value if it is FALSE.
Excel IFS Function	Excel IFS Function is best suited for situations where you want to test multiple conditions at once and then return the result based on it. This is helpful as you don’t have to create long nested IF formulas that can get confusing.
Excel IFERROR Function	Excel IFERROR function is best-suited to handle formula that evaluates to an error. You can specify a value to show if the formula returns an error.
Excel NOT Function	Excel NOT function can be used when you want to reverse the value of a logical argument (TRUE/FALSE).
Excel OR Function	Excel OR function can be used when you want to check multiple conditions. It returns TRUE if any of the given condition is true.
Excel TRUE Function	Excel TRUE function returns the logical value TRUE. It does not take any input arguments.

Excel Functions – Lookup & Reference

Excel Function	Description
Excel COLUMN Function	Excel COLUMN function can be used when you want to get the column number of a specified cell.
Excel COLUMNS Function	Excel COLUMNS function can be used when you want to get the number of columns in a specified range or array. It returns a number that represents the total number of columns in the specified range or array.
Excel HLOOKUP Function	Excel HLOOKUP function is best suited for situations when you are looking for a matching data point in a row, and when the matching data point is found, you go down that column and fetch a value from a cell which is specified a number of rows below the top row.
Excel INDEX Function	Excel INDEX function can be used when you have the position (row number and column number) of a value in a table, and you want to fetch that value. This is often use with the MATCH function and is a powerful alternative to the VLOOKUP function.
Excel INDIRECT Function	Excel INDIRECT function can be used when you have the references as text and you want to get the values from those references. It returns the reference specified by the text string.
Excel MATCH Function	Excel MATCH function can be used when you want to get the relative position of a lookup value in a list or an array. It returns a number that represents the position of the lookup value in the array.
Excel OFFSET Function	Excel OFFSET function can be used when you want to get a reference which offsets specified number of rows and columns from the starting point. It returns the reference that OFFSET function points to.
Excel ROW Function	Excel ROW Function function can be used when you want to get the row number of a cell reference. For example, =ROW(B4) would return 4, as it is in the fourth row.
Excel ROWS Function	Excel ROWS Function can be used when you want to get the number of rows in a specified range or array. It returns a number that represents the total number of rows in the specified range or array.
Excel VLOOKUP Function	Excel VLOOKUP function is best suited for situations when you are looking for a matching data point in a column, and when the matching data point is found, you go to the right in that row and fetch a value from a cell which is a specified number of columns to the right.
Excel XLOOKUP Function	Excel XLOOKUP function is a new function for Office 365 users and is an enhanced version of the VLOOKUP/HLOOKUP functions. It can be used to lookup and fetch the value in a dataset, and can replace most of what we do with older lookup formulas.
Excel FILTER Function	Excel FILTER function is a new function for Office 365 users that allows you to quickly filter and extract data based on the given condition (or multiple conditions).

Excel Functions – Math

Excel Function	Description
Excel INT Function	Excel INT Function can be used when you want to get the integer portion of a number.
Excel MOD Function	Excel MOD function can be used when you want to get the remainder when one number is divided by another. It returns a numerical value that represents the remainder when one number is divided by another.
Excel RAND Function	Excel RAND function can be used when you want to generate evenly distributed random numbers between 0 and 1. It returns a number between 0 and 1
Excel RANDBETWEEN Function	Excel RANDBETWEEN function can be used when you want to generate evenly distributed random numbers between a top and bottom range specified by the user. It returns a number between the top and bottom range specified by the user.
Excel ROUND Function	Excel ROUND function can be used when you want to return a number rounded to a specified number of digits.
Excel SUM Function	Excel SUM function can be used to add all numbers in a range of cells.
Excel SUMIF Function	Excel SUMIF function can be used when you want to add the values in a range if the specified condition is met.
Excel SUMIFS Function	Excel SUMIFS function can be used when you want to add the values in a range if multiple specified criteria are met.
Excel SUMPRODUCT Function	Excel SUMPRODUCT function can be used when you want to first multiply two or more sets to arrays and then get its sum

Excel Functions – Statistics

Excel Function	Description
Excel RANK Function	Excel RANK function can be used when you want to rank a number against a list of numbers. It returns a number that represents the relative rank of the number against the list of numbers.
Excel AVERAGE Function	Excel AVERAGE function can be used when you want to get the average (arithmetic mean) of the specified arguments.
Excel AVERAGEIF Function	Excel AVERAGEIF function can be used when you want to get the average (arithmetic mean) of all the values in a range of cells that meet a given criteria.
Excel AVERAGEIFS Function	Excel AVERAGEIFS function can be used when you want to get the average (arithmetic mean) of all the cells in a range that meets multiple criteria.
Excel COUNT Function	Excel COUNT function can be used to count the number of cells that contain numbers.
Excel COUNTA Function	Excel COUNTA function can be used when you want to count all the cells in a range that are not empty.
Excel COUNTBLANK Function	Excel COUNTBALNK function can be used when you have to count all the empty cells in a range.
Excel COUNTIF Function	Excel COUNTIF function can be used when you want to count the number of cells that meet a specified criterion.
Excel COUNTIFS Function	Excel COUNTIFS function can be used when you want to count the number of cells that meet a single or multiple criteria.
Excel LARGE Function	Excel LARGE function can be used to get the Kth largest value from a range of cells or array. For example, you can get the third largest value from a range of cells.
Excel MAX Function	Excel MAX function can be used when you want to get the largest value from a set of values.
Excel MIN Function	Excel MIN function can be used when you want to get the smallest value from a set of values.
Excel SMALL Function	Excel SMALL function can be used to get the Kth smallest value from a range of cells or array. For example, you can get the third smallestvalue from a range of cells.

​Excel Functions – Text Functions

Excel Function	Description
Excel CONCATENATE Function	Excel CONCATENATE function can be used when you want to join 2 or more characters or strings. It can be used to join text, numbers, cell references, or a combination of these.
Excel FIND Function	Excel FIND function can be used when you want to locate a text string within another text string and find its position. It returns a number that represents the starting position of the string you are finding in another string. It is case-sensitive.
Excel LEFT Function	Excel LEFT function can be used to extract text from left of the string. It returns the specified number of characters from the left of the string
Excel LEN Function	Excel LEN function can be used when you want to get the total number of characters in a specified string. This is useful when you want to know the length of a string in a cell.
Excel LOWER Function	Excel LOWER function can be used when you want to convert all uppercase letter in a text string to lowercase. Numbers, special characters, and punctuations are not changed by the LOWER function.
Excel MID Function	Excel MID function can be used to extract a specified number of characters from a string. It returns the sub-string from a string.
Excel PROPER Function	Excel PROPER function can be used when you want to capitalize the first character of every word. Numbers, special characters, and punctuations are not changed by the PROPER function.
Excel REPLACE Function	Excel REPLACE function can be used when you want to replace a part of the text string with another string. It returns a text string where a part of the text has been replaced by the specified string.
Excel REPT Function	Excel REPT function can be used when you want to repeat a specified text a certain number of times.
Excel RIGHT Function	The RIGHT function can be used to extract text from the right of the string. It returns the specified number of characters from the right of the string
Excel SEARCH Function	Excel SEARCH function can be used when you want to locate a text string within another text string and find its position. It returns a number that represents the starting position of the string you are finding in another string. It is NOT case-sensitive.
Excel SUBSTITUTE Function ​	Excel SUBSTITUTE function can be used when you want to substitute text with new specified text in a string. It returns a text string where an old text has been substituted by the new one.
Excel TEXT Function	Excel TEXT function can be used when you want to convert a number to text format and display it in a specified format.
Excel TRIM Function	Excel TRIM function can be used when you want to remove leading, trailing, and double spaces in Excel.
Excel UPPER Function	Excel UPPER function can be used when you want to convert all lowercase letters in a text string to uppercase. Numbers, special characters, and punctuations are not changed by the UPPER function.

Excel Functions – Info

Excel Function	Description
Excel ISBLANK Function Excel ISERROR Function Excel ISNA Function Excel ISNUMBER Function Excel ISEVEN Function Excel ISODD Function Excel ISLOGICAL Function Excel ISTEXT Function	Excel IS function returns TRUE when specified condition is TRUE. For example, ISNA would return TRUE if the cell has a #N/A! error.

Excel Functions – Financial

Excel Function	Description
​Excel PMT Function	Excel PMT function helps you calculate the payment you need to make for a loan when you know the total loan amount, interest rate, and the number of constant payments.
Excel NPV Function	Excel NPV function allows you to calculate the Net Present Value of all the cashflows when you know the discount rate
Excel IRR Function	Excel IRR function allows you to calculate the Internal Rate of Return when you have the cashflows data

VBA Functions

Excel Function	Description
VBA TRIM Function	VBA TRIM function allows you to remove the leading and trailing spaces from a text string in Excel. It can be a useful VBA function if you want to quickly clean the data.
VBA SPLIT Function	VBA SPLIT function alllows you to split a text string based on the delimiter. For example, if you want to split text based on a comma or tab or colon, you can do that with the SPLIT function.
VBA MsgBox Function	VBA MsgBox is a function that displays a dialog box that you can use to inform your users by showing a custom message or get some basic inputs (such as Yes/No or OK/Cancel).
VBA INSTR Function	VBA InStr function finds the position of a specified substring within the string and returns the first position of its occurrence.
VBA UCase Function	Excel VBA UCASE function takes a string as the input and converts all the lower case characters into upper case.
VBA LCase Function	Excel VBA LCASE function takes a string as the input and converts all the upper case characters into lower case.
VBA DIR Function	Use VBA DIR function when you want to get the name of the file or a folder, using their path name

Useful Excel Resources:

• 100+ Excel Interview Questions
• 200+ Excel Keyboard Shortcuts
• Free Excel Templates
• Free Online Excel Training
• Best Excel Books
• Excel Formulas Not Working: Possible Reasons and How to FIX IT!
• 20 Advanced Excel Functions and Formulas (for Excel Pros)
• Formula vs Function in Excel – What’s the Difference?

New Functions XLOOKUP Replaces VLOOKUP, HLOOKUP, and INDEX / MATCH XLOOKUP(lookup_value,lookup_array,return_array,[match_mode],[search_mode]) Logical yes AND Checks whether all conditions are met. TRUE/FALSE AND(logical1,logical2) IF If condition is met, do something, if not, do something else. IF(logical_test,value_if_true,value_if_false) IFERROR If result is an error then do something else. IFERROR(VALUE,value_if_error) NOT Changes TRUE to FALSE and FALSE to TRUE. NOT(logical) OR Checks whether any conditions are met. TRUE/FALSE OR(logical1,logical2) XOR Checks whether one and only one condition is met. TRUE/FALSE XOR(logical1,logical2) Lookup & Reference yes FALSE The logical value: FALSE. FALSE TRUE The logical value: TRUE. TRUE ADDRESS Returns a cell address as text. ADDRESS(row_num,column_num,abs_num,C1,sheet_text) AREAS Returns the number of areas in a reference. AREAS(reference) CHOOSE Chooses a value from a list based on it’s position number. CHOOSE(index_num,value1,value2) COLUMN Returns the column number of a cell reference. COLUMN(reference) COLUMNS Returns the number of columns in an array. COLUMNS(array) HLOOKUP Lookup a value in the first row and return a value. HLOOKUP(lookup_value,table_array,row_index_num,range_lookup) HYPERLINK Creates a clickable link. HYPERLINK(link_location,friendly_name) INDEX Returns a value based on it’s column and row numbers. INDEX(array,row_num,column_num) INDIRECT Creates a cell reference from text. INDIRECT(ref_text,C1) LOOKUP Looks up values either horizontally or vertically. LOOKUP(lookup_value,lookup_vector,result_vector) MATCH Searches for a value in a list and returns its position. MATCH(lookup_value,lookup_array,match_type) OFFSET Creates a reference offset from a starting point. OFFSET(reference,rows,cols,height,width) ROW Returns the row number of a cell reference. ROW(reference) ROWS Returns the number of rows in an array. ROWS(array) TRANSPOSE Flips the oriention of a range of cells. TRANSPOSE(array) VLOOKUP Lookup a value in the first column and return a value. VLOOKUP(lookup_value,table_array,col_index_num,range_lookup) Date & Time yes DATE Returns a date from year, month, and day. DATE(year,month,day) DATEDIF Number of days, months or years between two dates. DATEDIF DATEVALUE Converts a date stored as text into a valid date DATEVALUE(date_text) DAY Returns the day as a number (1-31). DAY(serial_number) DAYS Returns the number of days between two dates. DAYS(end_date,start_date) DAYS360 Returns days between 2 dates in a 360 day year. DAYS360(start_date,end_date,method) EDATE Returns a date, n months away from a start date. EDATE(start_date,months) EOMONTH Returns the last day of the month, n months away date. EOMONTH(start_date,months) HOUR Returns the hour as a number (0-23). HOUR(serial_number) MINUTE Returns the minute as a number (0-59). MINUTE(serial_number) MONTH Returns the month as a number (1-12). MONTH(serial_number) NETWORKDAYS Number of working days between 2 dates. NETWORKDAYS(start_date,end_date,holidays) NETWORKDAYS.INTL Working days between 2 dates, custom weekends. NETWORKDAYS.INTL(start_date,end_date,weekend,holidays) NOW Returns the current date and time. NOW() SECOND Returns the second as a number (0-59) SECOND(serial_number) TIME Returns the time from a hour, minute, and second. TIME(hour,minute,second) TIMEVALUE Converts a time stored as text into a valid time. TIMEVALUE(time_text) TODAY Returns the current date. TODAY() WEEKDAY Returns the day of the week as a number (1-7). WEEKDAY(serial_number,return_type) WEEKNUM Returns the week number in a year (1-52). WEEKNUM(serial_number,return_type) WORKDAY The date n working days from a date. WORKDAY(start_date,days,holidays) WORKDAY.INTL The date n working days from a date, custom weekends. WORKDAY.INTL(start_date,days,weekend,holidays) YEAR Returns the year. YEAR(serial_number) YEARFRAC Returns the fraction of a year between 2 dates. YEARFRAC(start_date,end_date,basis) Engineering yes CONVERT Convert number from one unit to another. CONVERT(number,from_unit,to_unit) Financial yes FV Calculates the future value. FV(rate,nper,pmt,pv,type) PV Calculates the present value. PV(rate,nper,pmt,fv,type) NPER Calculates the total number of payment periods. NPER(rate,pmt,pv,fv,type) PMT Calculates the payment amount. PMT(rate,nper,pv,fv,type) RATE Calculates the interest Rate. RATE(nper,pmt,pv,fv,type,guess) NPV Calculates the net present value. NPV(rate,value1,value2) IRR The internal rate of return for a set of periodic CFs. IRR(values,guess) XIRR The internal rate of return for a set of non-periodic CFs. XIRR(values,dates,guess) PRICE Calculates the price of a bond. PRICE(settlement,maturity,rate,yld,redemption,FREQUENCY,basis) YIELD Calculates the bond yield. YIELD(settlement,maturity,rate,pr,redemption,FREQUENCY,basis) INTRATE The interest rate of a fully invested security. INTRATE(settlement,maturity,investment,redemption,basis) Information yes CELL Returns information about a cell. CELL(info_type,reference) ERROR.TYPE Returns a value representing the cell error. ERROR.TYPE(error_val) ISBLANK Test if cell is blank. TRUE/FALSE ISBLANK(VALUE) ISERR Test if cell value is an error, ignores #N/A. TRUE/FALSE ISERR(VALUE) ISERROR Test if cell value is an error. TRUE/FALSE ISERROR(VALUE) ISEVEN Test if cell value is even. TRUE/FALSE ISEVEN(number) ISFORMULA Test if cell is a formula. TRUE/FALSE ISFORMULA(reference) ISLOGICAL Test if cell is logical (TRUE or FALSE). TRUE/FALSE ISLOGICAL(VALUE) ISNA Test if cell value is #N/A. TRUE/FALSE ISNA(VALUE) ISNONTEXT Test if cell is not text (blank cells are not text). TRUE/FALSE ISNONTEXT(VALUE) ISNUMBER Test if cell is a number. TRUE/FALSE ISNUMBER(VALUE) ISODD Test if cell value is odd. TRUE/FALSE ISODD(number) ISREF Test if cell value is a reference. TRUE/FALSE ISREF(VALUE) ISTEXT Test if cell is text. TRUE/FALSE ISTEXT(VALUE) N Converts a value to a number. N(VALUE) NA Returns the error: #N/A. NA() TYPE Returns the type of value in a cell. TYPE(VALUE) Math yes ABS Calculates the absolute value of a number. ABS(number) AGGREGATE Define and perform calculations for a database or a list. AGGREGATE(function_num,options,array,k) CEILING Rounds a number up, to the nearest specified multiple. CEILING(number,significance) COS Returns the cosine of an angle. COS(number) DEGREES Converts radians to degrees. DEGREES(angle) DSUM Sums database records that meet certain criteria. DSUM(database,field,criteria) EVEN Rounds to the nearest even integer. EVEN(number) EXP Calculates the exponential value for a given number. EXP(number) FACT Returns the factorial. FACT(number) FLOOR Rounds a number down, to the nearest specified multiple. FLOOR(number,significance) GCD Returns the greatest common divisor. GCD(number1,number2) INT Rounds a number down to the nearest integer. INT(number) LCM Returns the least common multiple. LCM(number1,number2) LN Returns the natural logarithm of a number. LN(number) LOG Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base. LOG(number,base) LOG10 Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number. LOG10(number) MOD Returns the remainder after dividing. MOD(number,divisor) MROUND Rounds a number to a specified multiple. MROUND(number,multiple) ODD Rounds to the nearest odd integer. ODD(number) PI The value of PI. PI() POWER Calculates a number raised to a power. POWER(number,power) PRODUCT Multiplies an array of numbers. PRODUCT(number1,number2) QUOTIENT Returns the integer result of division. QUOTIENT(numerator,denominator) RADIANS Converts an angle into radians. RADIANS(angle) RAND Calculates a random number between 0 and 1. RAND() RANDBETWEEN Calculates a random number between two numbers. RANDBETWEEN(bottom,top) ROUND Rounds a number to a specified number of digits. ROUND(number,num_digits) ROUNDDOWN Rounds a number down (towards zero). ROUNDDOWN(number,num_digits) ROUNDUP Rounds a number up (away from zero). ROUNDUP(number,num_digits) SIGN Returns the sign of a number. SIGN(number) SIN Returns the sine of an angle. SIN(number) SQRT Calculates the square root of a number. SQRT(number) SUBTOTAL Returns a summary statistic for a series of data. SUBTOTAL(function_num,REH1) SUM Adds numbers together. SUM(number1,number2) SUMIF Sums numbers that meet a criteria. SUMIF(range,criteria,sum_range) SUMIFS Sums numbers that meet multiple criteria. SUMIFS(sum_range,criteria_range,criteria) SUMPRODUCT Multiplies arrays of numbers and sums the resultant array. SUMPRODUCT(array1,array2,array3) TAN Returns the tangent of an angle. TAN(number) TRUNC Truncates a number to a specific number of digits. TRUNC(number,num_digits) Stats yes AVERAGE Averages numbers. AVERAGE(number1,number2) AVERAGEA Averages numbers. Includes text & FALSE =0, TRUE =1. AVERAGEA(value1,value2) AVERAGEIF Averages numbers that meet a criteria. AVERAGEIF(range,criteria,average_range) AVERAGEIFS Averages numbers that meet multiple criteria. AVERAGEIFS(average_range,criteria_range,criteria) CORREL Calculates the correlation of two series. CORREL(array1,array2) COUNT Counts cells that contain a number. COUNT(value1,value2) COUNTA Count cells that are non-blank. COUNTA(value1,value2) COUNTBLANK Counts cells that are blank. COUNTBLANK(range) COUNTIF Counts cells that meet a criteria. COUNTIF(range,criteria) COUNTIFS Counts cells that meet multiple criteria. COUNTIFS(criteria_range,criteria) FORECAST Predict future y-values from linear trend line. FORECAST(x,known_y’s,known_x’s) FREQUENCY Counts values that fall within specified ranges. FREQUENCY(data_array,bins_array) GROWTH Calculates Y values based on exponential growth. GROWTH(known_ys,known_x,new_x,const) INTERCEPT Calculates the Y intercept for a best-fit line. INTERCEPT(known_ys,known_xs) LARGE Returns the kth largest value. LARGE(array,k) LINEST Returns statistics about a trendline. LINEST(known_ys,known_xs,const,stats) MAX Returns the largest number. MAX(number1,number2) MEDIAN Returns the median number. MEDIAN(number1,number2) MIN Returns the smallest number. MIN(number1,number2) MODE Returns the most common number. MODE(number1,number2) PERCENTILE Returns the kth percentile. PERCENTILE(array,k) PERCENTILE.INC Returns the kth percentile. Where k is inclusive. PERCENTILE.INC(array,k) PERCENTILE.EXC Returns the kth percentile. Where k is exclusive. PERCENTILE.EXC(array,k) QUARTILE Returns the specified quartile value. QUARTILE(array,quart) QUARTILE.INC Returns the specified quartile value. Inclusive. QUARTILE.INC(array,quart) QUARTILE.EXC Returns the specified quartile value. Exclusive. QUARTILE.EXC(array,quart) RANK Rank of a number within a series. RANK(number,ref,order) RANK.AVG Rank of a number within a series. Averages. RANK.AVG(number,ref,order) RANK.EQ Rank of a number within a series. Top Rank. RANK.EQ(number,ref,order) SLOPE Calculates the slope from linear regression. SLOPE(known_ys,known_xs) SMALL Returns the kth smallest value. SMALL(array,k) STDEV Calculates the standard deviation. STDEV(number1,number2) STDEV.P Calculates the SD of an entire population. STDEV.P(number1,number2) STDEV.S Calculates the SD of a sample. STDEV.S(number1,number2) STDEVP Calculates the SD of an entire population STDEVP(number1,number2) TREND Calculates Y values based on a trendline. TREND(known_ys,known_xs,new_xs,const) Text yes CHAR Returns a character specified by a code. CHAR(number) CLEAN Removes all non-printable characters. CLEAN(text) CODE Returns the numeric code for a character. CODE(text) CONCATENATE Combines text together. CONCATENATE(text1,text2) DOLLAR Converts a number to text in currency format. DOLLAR(number,decimals) EXACT Test if cells are exactly equal. Case-sensitive. TRUE/FALSE EXACT(text1,text2) FIND Locates position of text within a cell.Case-sensitive. FIND(find_text,within_text,start_num) LEFT Truncates text a number of characters from the left. LEFT(text,num_chars) LEN Counts number of characters in text. LEN(text) LOWER Converts text to lower case. LOWER(text) MID Extracts text from the middle of a cell. MID(text,start_num,num_chars) PROPER Converts text to proper case. PROPER(text) REPLACE Replaces text based on it’s location. REPLACE(old_text,start_num,num_chars,new_text) REPT Repeats text a number of times. REPT(text,number_times) RIGHT Truncates text a number of characters from the right. RIGHT(text,num_chars) SEARCH Locates position of text within a cell.Not Case-sensitive. SEARCH(find_text,within_text,start_num) SUBSTITUTE Finds and replaces text. Case-sensitive. SUBSTITUTE(text,old_text,new_text,instance_num) TEXT Converts a value into text with a specific number format. TEXT(VALUE,format_text) TRIM Removes all extra spaces from text. TRIM(text) UPPER Converts text to upper case. UPPER(text) VALUE Converts a number stored as text into a number. VALUE(text)