What is another word for a noun

What is another name for nouns?

Noun Synonyms – WordHippo Thesaurus….What is another word for noun?

name	nameword
naming word	noun substantive
substantive	substantive noun
appellation	denomination

What word can I use instead of another?

What is another word for another?

second	additional
fresh	new
supplemental	supplementary
other	more
farther	spare

What is the antonym of another?

What is the opposite of another?

only	singular
sole	one
solitary	lone
single	one and only
only possible	solo

What’s another word for and?

What is another word for and?

furthermore	moreover
otherwise	over and above
in conjunction with	along
and all	in the same way
besides that	in a similar manner

What’s another word for complete opposite?

What is another word for exact opposite?

antithesis	opposite
reverse	converse
antipode	contrary
inverse	obverse
contrast	counter

What is the antonym of hilarious?

upset, cheerless, tragic, dull, humorless, heavy, dramatic, discouraged, humourless, lifeless, solemn, somber, unamusing, morose, depressing, staid, unfunny, uncomical, sober, sad, melancholy, unhumorous, unenthusiastic, gloomy, lethargic, grave, depressed, inactive, serious, blah, sorrowful, worried, unhappy.

Is typical an antonym for the word incredible?

What is the opposite of incredible?

unspectacular	bad
middling	uninteresting
insignificant	normal
usual	common
typical	regular

What is the root word of incredible?

The Latin root credere means believe. Slap an in in front of that root, and something incredible is hard to believe. Definitions of incredible. adjective. beyond belief or understanding.

What is the noun of incredible?

incredibility. The quality of being incredible; incredibleness. That which is incredible.

What is the verb for fun?

funned; funning. Definition of fun (Entry 2 of 3) intransitive verb. : to indulge in banter or play : joke.

What is the verb form of delightful?

delight is the verb of delightful.

Which noun is delight?

Joy; pleasure. Something that gives great joy or pleasure.

Is delight a verb or noun?

delighted; delighting; delights. Definition of delight (Entry 2 of 2) intransitive verb. 1 : to take great pleasure delighted in playing the guitar. 2 : to give keen enjoyment a book certain to delight.

What is the adjective of delight?

delightsome. Characterised or marked by delight; very pleasing; delightful.

Is delight an abstract noun?

Answer. Answer: Abstract noun of delightful is delight.

Is delight an abstract or concrete noun?

The abstract nouns of ‘bitter,’ ‘charming’ and ‘delightful’ are ‘bitterness,’ ‘charm’ and ‘delight’ respectively.

What is the abstract noun for generous?

Generousness

What is the abstract noun of Quick?

Explanation: The abstract noun of the word ‘quick’ is ‘quick’. ‘Quick’ is a verb that is used in the sentence to denote the action done. The adverb form of ‘quick’ is ‘quickly’.

What is the abstract noun for just?

justice

What is the abstract noun of serve?

service

What is the abstract noun for cruel?

cruelty

What type of noun is cruelty?

(uncountable) An indifference to suffering or positive pleasure in inflicting suffering. (countable) A cruel act.

What is the abstract noun of behave?

behavior

What is the abstract noun for coward?

cowardice

A noun (from Latin nōmen ‘name’)^[1] is a word that generally functions as the name of a specific object or set of objects, such as living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, or ideas.^{[2][note 1]}

Lexical categories (parts of speech) are defined in terms of the ways in which their members combine with other kinds of expressions. The syntactic rules for nouns differ between languages. In English, nouns are those words which can occur with articles and attributive adjectives and can function as the head of a noun phrase. «As far as we know, every language makes a grammatical distinction that looks like a noun verb distinction.»^[3]

History [edit]

Word classes (parts of speech) were described by Sanskrit grammarians from at least the 5th century BC. In Yāska’s Nirukta, the noun (nāma) is one of the four main categories of words defined.^[4]

The Ancient Greek equivalent was ónoma (ὄνομα), referred to by Plato in the Cratylus dialog, and later listed as one of the eight parts of speech in The Art of Grammar, attributed to Dionysius Thrax (2nd century BC). The term used in Latin grammar was nōmen. All of these terms for «noun» were also words meaning «name».^[5] The English word noun is derived from the Latin term, through the Anglo-Norman noun.

The word classes were defined partly by the grammatical forms that they take. In Sanskrit, Greek and Latin, for example, nouns are categorized by gender and inflected for case and number. Because adjectives share these three grammatical categories, adjectives are placed in the same class as nouns.

Similarly, the Latin nōmen includes both nouns (substantives) and adjectives, as originally did the English word noun, the two types being distinguished as nouns substantive and nouns adjective (or substantive nouns and adjective nouns, or short substantives and adjectives). (The word nominal is now sometimes used to denote a class that includes both nouns and adjectives.)

Many European languages use a cognate of the word substantive as the basic term for noun (for example, Spanish sustantivo, «noun»). Nouns in the dictionaries of such languages are demarked by the abbreviation s. or sb. instead of n., which may be used for proper nouns or neuter nouns instead. In English, some modern authors use the word substantive to refer to a class that includes both nouns (single words) and noun phrases (multiword units, also called noun equivalents).^[6] It can also be used as a counterpart to attributive when distinguishing between a noun being used as the head (main word) of a noun phrase and a noun being used as a noun adjunct. For example, the noun knee can be said to be used substantively in my knee hurts, but attributively in the patient needed knee replacement.

Examples[edit]

• The cat sat on the chair.
• Please hand in your assignments by the end of the week.
• Cleanliness is next to godliness.
• Plato was an influential philosopher in ancient Greece.
• Revel the night, rob, murder, and commit/The oldest sins the newest kind of ways? Henry IV Part 2, act 4 scene 5.

A noun can co-occur with an article or an attributive adjective. Verbs and adjectives cannot. In the following, an asterisk (*) in front of an example means that this example is ungrammatical.

• the name (name is a noun: can co-occur with a definite article the)
• *the baptise (baptise is a verb: cannot co-occur with a definite article)
• constant circulation (circulation is a noun: can co-occur with the attributive adjective constant)
• *constant circulate (circulate is a verb: cannot co-occur with the attributive adjective constant)
• a fright (fright is a noun: can co-occur with the indefinite article a)
• *an afraid (afraid is an adjective: cannot co-occur with the article a)
• terrible fright (the noun fright can co-occur with the adjective terrible)
• *terrible afraid (the adjective afraid cannot co-occur with the adjective terrible)

Definitions[edit]

Nouns have sometimes been defined in terms of the grammatical categories to which they are subject (classed by gender, inflected for case and number). Such definitions tend to be language-specific, since nouns do not have the same categories in all languages.

Nouns are frequently defined, particularly in informal contexts, in terms of their semantic properties (their meanings). Nouns are described as words that refer to a person, place, thing, event, substance, quality, quantity, etc. However, this type of definition has been criticized by contemporary linguists as being uninformative.^[7]

There are several instances of English-language nouns which do not have any reference: drought, enjoyment, finesse, behalf (as found in on behalf of), dint (in dint of), and sake (for the sake of).^[8][9][10] Moreover, there may be a relationship similar to reference in the case of other parts of speech: the verbs to rain or to mother; many adjectives, like red; and there is little difference between the adverb gleefully and the noun-based phrase with glee.^{[note 2]}

Linguists often prefer to define nouns (and other lexical categories) in terms of their formal properties. These include morphological information, such as what prefixes or suffixes they take, and also their syntax – how they combine with other words and expressions of particular types. Such definitions may nonetheless still be language-specific since syntax as well as morphology varies between languages. For example, in English, it might be noted that nouns are words that can co-occur with definite articles (as stated at the start of this article), but this would not apply in Russian, which has no definite articles.

A functional approach defines a noun as a word that can be the head of a nominal phrase, i.e. a phrase with referential function, without needing to go through morphological transformation.^[11][12]

Classification[edit]

Nouns can have a number of different properties and are often sub-categorized based on various of these criteria, depending on their occurrence in a language.

Gender[edit]

In some languages, genders are assigned to nouns, such as masculine, feminine and neuter. The gender of a noun (as well as its number and case, where applicable) will often entail agreement in words that modify or are related to it. For example, in French, the singular form of the definite article is le for masculine nouns and la for feminine; adjectives and certain verb forms also change (with the addition of -e for feminine). Grammatical gender often correlates with the form of the noun and the inflection pattern it follows; for example, in both Italian and Russian most nouns ending -a are feminine. Gender can also correlate with the sex of the noun’s referent, particularly in the case of nouns denoting people (and sometimes animals). Nouns arguably do not have gender in Modern English, although many of them denote people or animals of a specific sex (or social gender), and pronouns that refer to nouns must take the appropriate gender for that noun. (The girl lost her spectacles.)

Proper and common nouns[edit]

A proper noun or proper name is a noun representing unique entities (such as India, Pegasus, Jupiter, Confucius, or Pequod), as distinguished from common nouns, which describe a class of entities (such as country, animal, planet, person or ship).^[13]

Countable nouns and mass nouns[edit]

Count nouns or countable nouns are common nouns that can take a plural, can combine with numerals or counting quantifiers (e.g., one, two, several, every, most), and can take an indefinite article such as a or an (in languages which have such articles). Examples of count nouns are chair, nose, and occasion.

Mass nouns or uncountable (or non-count) nouns differ from count nouns in precisely that respect: they cannot take plurals or combine with number words or the above type of quantifiers. For example, it is not possible to refer to a furniture or three furnitures. This is true even though the pieces of furniture comprising furniture could be counted. Thus the distinction between mass and count nouns should not be made in terms of what sorts of things the nouns refer to, but rather in terms of how the nouns present these entities.^[14][15]

Many nouns have both countable and uncountable uses; for example, soda is countable in «give me three sodas», but uncountable in «he likes soda».

Collective nouns[edit]

Collective nouns are nouns that – even when they are inflected for the singular – refer to groups consisting of more than one individual or entity. Examples include committee, government, and police. In English these nouns may be followed by a singular or a plural verb and referred to by a singular or plural pronoun, the singular being generally preferred when referring to the body as a unit and the plural often being preferred, especially in British English, when emphasizing the individual members.^[16] Examples of acceptable and unacceptable use given by Gowers in Plain Words include:^[16]

«A committee was appointed to consider this subject.» (singular)

«The committee were unable to agree.» (plural)

* «The committee were of one mind when I sat in on them.» (unacceptable use of plural)

Concrete nouns and abstract nouns[edit]

Concrete nouns refer to physical entities that can, in principle at least, be observed by at least one of the senses (for instance, chair, apple, Janet or atom). Different schools of philosophy and sciences may question the assumption, but, for the most part, people agree to the existence of something (e.g., a rock, a tree, universe). Abstract nouns, on the other hand, refer to abstract objects; that is, ideas or concepts (such as justice or hatred). While this distinction is sometimes exclusive, some nouns have multiple senses, including both concrete and abstract ones: for example, the noun art, which usually refers to a concept (e.g., Art is an important element of human culture.) but which can refer to a specific artwork in certain contexts (e.g., I put my daughter’s art up on the fridge.)

Some abstract nouns developed etymologically by figurative extension from literal roots. These include drawback, fraction, holdout and uptake. Similarly, some nouns have both abstract and concrete senses, with the latter having developed by figurative extension from the former. These include view, filter, structure and key.

In English, many abstract nouns are formed by adding a suffix (-ness, -ity, -ion) to adjectives or verbs. Examples are happiness (from the adjective happy), circulation (from the verb circulate) and serenity (from the adjective serene).

Alienable vs. inalienable nouns[edit]

Some languages, such as the Awa language spoken in Papua New Guinea,^[17] refer to nouns differently, depending on how ownership is being given for the given noun. This can be broken into two categories: alienable possession and inalienable possession. An alienably possessed noun is something that can exist independent of a possessor: for example ‘tree’ can be possessed (‘Lucy’s tree’) but need not be (‘the tree’), and likewise for ‘shirt’ (‘Mike’s shirt’, ‘that shirt’) and ‘roads’ (‘London’s roads’, ‘those roads’) . Inalienablly possessed nouns, on the other hand, refer to something that does not exist independently of a possessor; this includes kin terms such as ‘father’, body-part nouns such as ‘shadow’ or ‘hair’, and part-whole nouns such as ‘top’ and ‘bottom’.

Noun phrases[edit]

A noun phrase is a phrase based on a noun, pronoun, or other noun-like words (nominal) optionally accompanied by modifiers such as determiners and adjectives. A noun phrase functions within a clause or sentence in a role such as that of subject, object, or complement of a verb or preposition. For example, in the sentence «The black cat sat on a dear friend of mine», the noun phrase the black cat serves as the subject, and the noun phrase a dear friend of mine serves as the complement of the preposition on.

Nouns in relation to other word classes[edit]

Pronouns[edit]

Nouns and noun phrases can typically be replaced by pronouns, such as he, it, she, they, these which, and those, in order to avoid repetition or explicit identification, or for other reasons. For example, in the sentence Gareth thought that he was weird, the word «he» is a pronoun standing in place of the person’s name. The word one can replace parts of noun phrases, and it sometimes stands in for a noun. An example is given below:

John’s car is newer than the one that Bill has.

But one can also stand in for larger parts of a noun phrase. For example, in the following example, one can stand in for new car.

This new car is cheaper than that one.

Nominalization[edit]

Nominalization is a process whereby a word that belongs to another part of speech comes to be used as a noun. This can be a way to create new nouns, or to use other words in ways that resemble nouns. In French and Spanish, for example, adjectives frequently act as nouns referring to people who have the characteristics denoted by the adjective. This sometimes happens in English as well, as in the following examples:

This legislation will have the most impact on the poor.

The race is not to the swift, nor the battle to the powerful.

The Socialist International is a worldwide association of political parties.

See also[edit]

• Description
• Grammatical case
• Phi features
• Punctuation
• Reference

Notes[edit]

References[edit]

Bibliography[edit]

• Lester, Mark; Beason, Larry (2005). The McGraw-Hill Handbook of English Grammar and Usage. McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-144133-6.
• Borer, Hagit (2005). In Name Only. Structuring Sense. Vol. I. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Gowers, Ernest (2014). Gowers, Rebecca (ed.). Plain Words. Particular. ISBN 978-0-141-97553-5.

Further reading[edit]

• Laycock, Henry (2005). «Mass nouns, Count nouns and Non-count nouns», Draft version of entry in Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics Oxford: Elsevier.

For definitions of nouns based on the concept of «identity criteria»:

• Geach, Peter. 1962. Reference and Generality. Cornell University Press.

For more on identity criteria:

• Gupta, Anil. 1980, The logic of common nouns. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.

For the concept that nouns are «prototypically referential»:

• Croft, William. 1993. «A noun is a noun is a noun — or is it? Some reflections on the universality of semantics». Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, ed. Joshua S. Guenter, Barbara A. Kaiser and Cheryl C. Zoll, 369–80. Berkeley: Berkeley Linguistics Society.

For an attempt to relate the concepts of identity criteria and prototypical referentiality:

• Baker, Mark. 2003, Lexical Categories: verbs, nouns, and adjectives. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

External links[edit]

• Nouns – Nouns described by The Idioms Dictionary.

Nouns make up the largest class of words in most languages, including English. A noun is a word that refers to a thing (book), a person (Noah Webster), an animal (cat), a place (Omaha), a quality (softness), an idea (justice), or an action (yodeling). It’s usually a single word, but not always: cake, shoes, school bus, and time and a half are all nouns.

There are a number of different categories of nouns.

There are common nouns and proper nouns. A common noun refers to a person, place, or thing but is not the name of a particular person, place, or thing. Examples are animal, sunlight, and happiness. A proper noun is the name of a particular person, place, or thing; it usually begins with a capital letter: Abraham Lincoln, Argentina, and World War I are all proper nouns.

A collective noun is a noun that names a group of people or things, such as flock or squad. It’s sometimes unclear whether the verb for a collective noun should be singular or plural. In the United States, such nouns as company, team, herd, public, and class, as well as the names of companies, teams, etc., are treated as singular, but in the United Kingdom they are often treated as plural: (US) «The team has been doing well this season.» vs. (British) «The team have been doing well this season.»

Gerunds are nouns that are identical to the present participle (-ing form) of a verb, as in «I enjoy swimming more than running.«

An attributive noun is a noun that modifies another noun that immediately follows it, such as business in business meeting. These nouns look like adjectives but they’re not.

For learners of English, the most important feature of a noun is whether it can be counted. A count noun is a noun that can be used after a or an or after a number (or another word that means «more than one»). Count nouns have both singular and plural forms and can be used with both singular and plural verb forms, as with the word letter in «A letter for you is on the table. Letters for you arrive regularly.» Sometimes the plural form of a count noun is the same as its singular form, as in «I saw a deer in my yard yesterday. There are a lot of deer in the woods near my house.»

A mass noun (or noncount noun) refers to something that cannot be counted. Mass nouns are normally not used after the words a or an or after a number. They have only one form and are used with singular verb forms, as in «Portuguese is one of the languages they speak,» and «The information was unclear.»

Some nouns are not count or mass nouns. Nouns which only ever refer to one thing are called singular nouns: «Saturn is the sixth planet from the sun,» «We heard a terrible din in the alley.» And a plural noun refers to more than one person or thing, or sometimes to something that has two main parts. Plural nouns have only one form and are used with plural verb forms: «Townspeople are invited to a forum on the project,» «These scissors are dull.»

A particular noun can have any or all of these kinds of uses.

(count) I’ve read that book several times.

(mass) Time seemed to stop when I saw him for the first time.

(singular) The time is 3:22.

(plural) Fuel costs three times as much as it did five years ago.

The noun is a part of speech in the English Language, which characterizes the name of anything you want to write.

The Noun which describes the name of any particular person, place, thing, or idea in any sentence.

Most of the time, in a sentence, the subject is also a noun of anything. It can be the name of a specific or some general place, person, thing, object, or idea.

Depending on that, Nouns is classified into several types, like Common, Proper, Abstract, Collective, and Material noun.

A noun is one of those parts of speech in the English language, which is very easy to understand and identify from any sentence. Most of the nouns are real and also conceptual, so that it may come in different types of the noun.

The nouns like a place, person, things, objects, are called Concrete nouns, and the noun which comes from different concepts, like emotions, ideas are called Abstract nouns.

Types of Nouns

According to the name of any particular person, place, thing, or any idea in a sentence,

The noun is classified into twelve different types

1. Proper Noun
2. Common Noun
3. Concrete Noun
4. Abstract Noun
5. Countable Noun
6. Uncountable Noun
7. Compound Noun
8. Collective Noun
9. Singular Noun
10. Plural Noun
11. Possessive Noun
12. Material Noun

Examples of Noun

1. Proper Noun: David, Asia, Sun, Mount Everest, Pacific Ocean
2. Common Noun: Men, Country, Mountain, Ocean, Book
3. Concrete Noun: Ship, Town, Table, Vehicle, Whale, Wings
4. Abstract Noun: Ability, Calm, Death, Faith, Joy, Skill, Sacrifice
5. Countable Noun: Apple, Peanuts, Money, Orange, Mouse
6. Uncountable Noun: Salt, Sand, Sugar, Water, Meat, Coffie
7. Compound Noun: Airport, Classroom, Eardrum, Doorway
8. Collective Noun: Colony, Batch, Choir, Organization
9. Singular Noun: Bird, Pen, Shirt, Army, Fork, Candy
10. Plural Noun: Birds, Pens, Shirt, Armies, Forks, Candies
11. Possessive Noun: Dog’s, Children’s, Jame’s
12. Material Noun: Iron, Coal, Water, Sugar, Oil, Glass

Countable nouns:

Countable nouns are those nouns that can easily be counted.

The majority of the nouns can be categorized in the countable noun list, which includes people, things, animals, or objects which can easily be counted.

For some nouns which are unique and also singular, they prefer at the beginning. 

Examples:

1. The spider has eight legs.
2. Put all the five bottles of Cold drinks in the refrigerator.
3. His brother purchased a car from the showroom this morning.

Uncountable nouns:

Uncountable nouns are those nouns that are uncountable or cannot be counted easily.

These nouns are also called Mass nouns.

In certain things like milk, salt, water, rice, sun rays, etc. that are uncountable in numbers are called uncountable nouns.

To count such things, we use some words along with it like, a full glass of milk, a cup filled with sugar, a water bottle, a sack of rice, a packet of salt, etc. because these things cannot be counted, can be measured in specific quantities.

Uncountable nouns do not have any singular or plural forms.

Examples:

1. The swimming pool has plenty of water this time.
2. Put some extra cheese on my pizza.
3. Let’s get rid of this critical situation.

Masculine and feminine nouns:

Masculine nouns are the nouns of the male gender, including persons, animals.

For example, 

• King, boy, man, cock, horse, lion, tiger, dog, etc. are masculine nouns.
  Feminine nouns are such nouns include females include persons, animals.

For example:
Queen, girl, women, hen, duck, tigress, etc. are feminine nouns.

Singular and Plural nouns:

The nouns that can be categorized by the numbers are called Singular nouns and Plural nouns.

Singular nouns have a single number/quantity of person, place, thing, or one idea.

For example,

• Boy, car, man, beach, etc. are singular nouns.

A plural noun is a word representing more than one person, place, thing, or idea.
The plural noun comes in a sentence where we have to represent more than one quantity of anything. For that, we don’t have to add any other word in a sentence, just adding “s or es” on that particular word, which is going to be plural.

For example,

• Boys, girls, dogs, animals, beaches, etc. are plural nouns.

Let us see some examples from each type that explain the noun functions as a subject in a sentence.

• James ate his friend’s lunch box in the school.  (Concrete noun- person, place, object)
  Here, “James” is the name of a person and a subject followed by the verb “ate”.
  In this example, two more nouns are present: “lunch box” and “school” and the article “the” represents a specific school where James is studying.

• Let me introduce you to Mr. Jack Fernandez, the CEO of our company. (Concrete noun- person, place)
  Here, the subject is indirectly present in the sentence, and “Mr. Jack Fernandez” is the noun and another noun is “CEO” which is represented by “the” article for a particular company.

• He is studying with full concentration during exams. (Abstract noun-emotion)
  Here, concentration is an abstract noun that represents the emotional feeling.

• Samuel and his colleague both were gone to the library to get a book related to their project purpose. (Concrete noun- person, place, thing)
  Here, “Samuel” is a subject and a proper noun, the name of a person. The word “colleague, library, project, and a book” are also nouns of different types.

• He went to Malaysia for a tour. (Concrete noun- place, Abstract noun- idea)
  Here, Malaysia is a proper noun representing a place, and “a tour” is an idea.

• I feel very bad for him, depending on which situation he is passing by. (Abstract noun- emotion)
  Here, bad is a noun to express a feeling.