What images spring to mind when you hear the word globalization

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  Нас часто спрашивают: а как выглядят встречи Английского Разговорного Клуба?  Рассказываем  Мы встречаемся и говорим по-английски по 3 часа каждый день. У нас весело, уютно и культурно — все, что надо, чтобы практиковаться в английском. Хотите присоединиться? Легко — мы работаем каждый день, а первая встреча — бесплатно. Только запишитесь — через расписание или форму для записи ниже.

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  Самый частый вопрос, который потенциальные гости задают нам по телефону, звучит примерно так: «А что вообще такое ваш Клуб Разговорного Английского»? Вот, например, одна из наших встреч в Coffeshop Company. Сидим, общаемся, пьем кофе, обсуждаем насущные проблемы по-английски. Нравится? Присоединяйтесь к нашим встречам!

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  Вы к нам в первый раз и не знаете, как найти столик Клуба Английского Языка в кафе? Очень просто: ищите столик, за которым говорят по-английски! Вот, например, одна из наших встреч в Coffeshop Company. У нас всегда интересно, весело и мы говорим только по-английски. Нравится? Приходите!!!

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  Вам кажется, что начать говорить по-английски – это очень страшно? Так думают 90% гостей нашего Английского Разговорного Клуба, но… через 15 минут после начала встречи забывают о языковом барьере навсегда!!! Ведь у нас всегда самая дружелюбная атмосфера и лучшие модераторы, которые и помогут, и подскажут!!!

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  Друзья, на встрече Клуба всегда есть модератор и администратор. Модератор организует дискуссию, а администратор регистрирует гостей, заказывает напитки и решает все остальные технические вопросы. Все для того, чтобы вы 3 часа говорили, не отвлекаясь!

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  Каждая встреча Разговорного Клуба Английского Языка длится 3 часа, и все это время мы говорим на определенную тему. Темы встреч публикуются заранее на главной странице сайта, чтобы вы, если захотите, могли подготовиться. Например, на этой встрече обсуждали тему Hypothetical Situations.

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  На каждой встрече Клуба Разговорного Английского мы в течение 2-х часов говорим на определенную тему. Вопросы у нас интересные, мнения у всех разные – скучно не бывает никогда!!!

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  Вы еще не знаете, что такое Клуб Разговорного Английского? Рассказываем    На каждой встрече Клуба мы в  течение 3-х часов общаемся на английском языке.  Хотите попрактиковаться в английском? Присоединяйтесь!

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  Те, кто в собирается в наш Клуб Английского Языка в первый раз, всегда спрашивают, кто к нам ходит и легко ли вписаться в нашу компанию. Друзья, все наши гости – не только умные и интересные, но и очень дружелюбные люди!!! Посмотрите на фото, сами все поймете 

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  Большинство наших гостей приходит в Разговорный Клуб Английского Языка, чтобы преодолеть языковой барьер. А когда он преодолен – они остаются с нами, чтобы практиковаться в английском и… просто общаться

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  Друзья,на встрече Клуба Английского Языка  помимо ведущего всегда есть человек, готовый позаботиться о вас наш администратор. Администратор встречает вас в начале встречи, регистрирует гостей, и решает все вопросы. Вот, к примеру, Анастасия – администратор наших встреч по средам.

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  Если вам кажется, что кафе – слишком шумное место для Разговорного Английского Клуба – не беспокойтесь. Вы всегда услышите других участников, а напиток уже включен в стоимость посещения — об этом не надо беспокоиться.

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  Друзья, вы еще ни разу не были в Английском Разговорном Клубе? Вот как это выглядит: все сидят, обсуждают вопросы по теме, ведущий поправляет участников, если есть необходимость. У нас всегда очень весело, уютно и культурно – в общем, та атмосфера, которая нужна, чтобы практиковать английский!

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  На каждой встрече Клуба Разговорного Английского Языка обязательно есть модератор, который  вовлекает всех в разговор, поправляет мелкие ошибки и останавливает тех, кто говорит слишком много (увлечься очень легко!).  Хотите попрактиковаться в английском? Присоединяйтесь!

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  Те, кто хочет прийти к нам в первый раз, часто спрашивают, кто к нам ходит. Отвечаем: наши гости  очень разные люди по возрасту, профессиям и т.д. Но все они очень позитивные личности, потому как люди скучные иностранные языки не учат!

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  3 часа говорить на английском может быть тяжело, но так только кажется. Потому что на каждой встрече есть и тема для обсуждения, и модератор, которые не только помогает и поправляет, но и создает атмосферу, в которой 3 часа пролетают незаметно!!!

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  Гости приходят в Английский Разговорный Клуб, чтобы преодолеть языковой барьер. А когда он преодолен – просто чтобы общаться. Иногда даже 3-х часов не хватает…

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  Друзья, если вы хотите прийти на нашу встречу в Coffeshop Company, то приходите, мы будем очень рады вас видеть   Наш столик обычно на втором этаже, самый последний. А вот как эти встречи выглядят.

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  Нас часто спрашивают, как проходят встречи Английского Разговорного Клуба. Мы сидим, пьем кофе/чай (1 напиток уже включен в стоимость посещения Клуба), обсуждаем тему для дискуссии, модератор задает провокационные вопросы… в общем, все, что надо, чтобы практиковаться в разговорном английском!

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  Один из самых частых вопросов, который задают новички нашим администраторам, такой: а кто ходит в Клуб? Друзья, все наши гости — умные, позитивные, открытые всему новому люди. Хотите стать нашим гостем? Приходите в Английский Разговорный Клуб как можно скорее!!!

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7. Complete the sentences using the information from Text 2.
1. Many countries have banned the use of Coca-Cola products …

2. In the early 1900’s …

3. Coca-Cola has invested significant time and money into …

4. Technology advances contributed to …

5. Coca-Cola is able to customize the product to …

6. Coca-Cola was developed as …

7. Computerized and automated manufacturing equipment increased …

8. … played into the hearts and minds of people around the world.

9. … in support of its newly created center of global operations.

10. … to produce and distribute Coca-Cola products were established throughout the world.
VOCABULARY PRACTICE

1. Find in Text 2 synonyms of the following words. Write them down. Make up your own sentences with these words.

shipment
2. trademark
3. deliverer
4. buyer
5. alcohol-free beverage
assurance
7. rival
8. store owner
9. companion
10. policy

9. Match the English words with their Russian equivalent.

branch

competitor

доход

поставщик

demand

конкурент

delivery

напиток

income

основание

foundation

доставка

supplier

филиал

beverage

спрос

10. Match the beginnings and the endings of the sentences to make questions. Answer the following questions.

1. Why is Coca-Cola one of the most… a. … a multi-million dollar business?
2. When did Coca-Cola grow into… b. … do you know?
3. Why did many countries… c. … in successfully globalizing?
4. What competitors of this company… d. … in which products were produced?
5. What strategies became the foundation… e. … for Coca-Cola’s plan to expand?
6. What played a significant role… f. …well-known brands in the world?
7. What does the company do… g. … ban the use of Coca-Cola?
8. What increased the speed and volume… h. … to meet the needs of individual

markets?
11. Read and translate the Text. Insert the gaps using the words in the box.
Globalization
profits; integration; society; supporters; forces; interpret; governments; environment; prosperity
G lobalization is a controversial issue for business and _______ (1) throughout the world. Globalization can be described as a process by which the people of the world are unified into a single _______ (2) and function together. This process is a combination of economic, technological, sociocultural and political _______ (3). It’s a movement of people, goods, capital and ideas due to increased economic _______ (4).

Globalization is a controversial issue mainly because different groups _______ (5) it in different ways. For its opponents globalization is a threatening word. It prompts visions of large multinationals dominating the world in pursuit of ever-higher _______ (6). Many pressure groups fear that globalization threatens the _______ (7) as well as national cultures — they predict that it will make the rich nations richer and the developing countries even poorer than they are. But its _______ (8) have another point of view. They believe that increasing and freer trade between nations will offer _______ (9) and economic growth for all countries and businesses.

12. Chose the corresponding Russian word.

1. repercussion a. предпочтение b. последствие c. окончание
2. development a. развитие b. применение с. стремление
3. interdependence a. соответствие b. степень с. взаимозависимость
4. opponent a. противник b. сторонник с. последователь
5. mankind a. отечество b. человечество с. общество
6. influence a. влиять b. болеть с. понимать
7. accelerate а. аккумулировать b. замедлять с. ускорять
8. competition a. репетиция b. координация с. конкуренция

13. Look at the picture below. Some more advantages and disadvantages of globalization are given there. Make up your own sentences using these word combinations.

14. Translate into English.

1. Вопрос о глобализации стал весьма актуальным в 1980-е годы.
2. Э кономическая ситуация в одной стране влияет на экономическую ситуацию в других странах.
3. Глобальные финансовые рынки возникли сравнительно недавно.
4. Глобализация – это взаимозависимость национальных экономик.
5. Глобализация ускоряет развитие человечества.
6. В мире множество сторонников и противников глобализации.
7. Информационные технологии способствовали ускоренному развитию глобализации.
8. Глобализация – амбивалентный процесс, она имеет как негативные, так и позитивные последствия.
9. Глобализация, усиливая конкуренцию, стимулирует дальнейшее развитие новых технологий.

LISTENING

15. Listen to the episode about globalization. Fill in the gaps in the text.
What does globalization mean? We ________ word on TV and read about it in ________. It means the ________ village – the global village. The world has become smaller. Of course, ________ not shrink and it isn’t a village. Because of better transport, the Internet ________ between countries, it ________ business. Japanese _______ makers have factories in Thailand; American computer companies employ thousands of people in ________. That’s globalization. And don’t forget ________ call centre jobs in India that workers in America and Europe ________. Globalization also means ________ work in another country. Is _______ or bad thing? That’s a difficult question to answer.
16. Make a short report on globalization using the information above. The questions will help you.

1. What is globalization?
2. What images spring to mind when you hear the word ‘globalization’?
3. What do you think of the concept of a global village?
4. Can you give examples of interdependence of nations?
5. Is globalization good for the world?

Discussion
17. While watching the video on pros and cons of globalization do the following task: Student A is to make notice of pros, Student B is to make notice of cons and then discuss the problem in pairs.
18. Globalization is different for different people. What images spring to your mind when you hear the word ‘globalization’? Begin with:
When I hear the word ‘globalization’ I…


Give some examples of globalizing process in the sphere of Economics.

Writing
19. You are working over a website page about globalization. Write a paragraph for the website (80-100 words).

Talk about:

— which countries like or dislike globalization most?

— what globalization will look like ten years from now?

UNIT 5. DIGITAL ECONOMY

UNIT 2. MONEY

LEAD-IN

What is digital economy?

What is the difference between traditional economy and digital economy?

1. Match the following words to make the essential terms of the unit. Translate them.

inventory		sector
dot		website
digital		chain
retailer		costs
supply		level
distribution		economy
business		com
commercial		giant

2. Which of these words are associated with digital economy? Justify your choice.

Internet

website

abacus
Digital Economy ______________

______________

______________

globalizationф

information technology

counter
______________

______________

real-time basis

international border
______________

typewriter
______________

cost savings

webcam

cash box

3. Fill in the gaps in the sentences using these words.

1. Digital economy is based on ______, computers, ______, and the free flow of data and communications on a global scale to facilitate business and commerce.
2. Digital economy has allowed companies to communicate with each other across the world on a ______.
3. Digital economy has played a major role in accelerating ______.
4. Digital economy has led to huge ______ and the creation of millions of jobs in developing countries.
5. Commercial ______ allows businesses to reach a wider range of potential customers than ever before.
6. More than 1 billion people worldwide use ______, both at work and in their social lives.

TEXT 1

DIGITAL ECONOMY
D igital Economy refers to an economy that is based on digital technologies. The digital economy is also sometimes called the Internet Economy or Web Economy. It has become a major underlying component of the global economy in a short period of time. Since the very first dot-com business was born in 1985, the digital economy has given rise to more than 80 million new dot-coms and established an entirely new way of doing business around the world. With information moving so quickly around the world, the way both consumers and companies do business has evolved. This is true in terms of distribution costs, communication, market segmentation and price.

The Internet has become fundamental to digital economy. More than 1 billion people worldwide use it, both at work and in their lives; there are more than 6.7 billion people on Earth, which means that there are still a relatively limited number of people participating in digital economy. This number is increasing quickly particularly in China. As Internet access from mobile devices increases, even more opportunities for growth in electronic business emerge. The digital economy has created entirely new business sectors and has eliminated others. Computer hardware companies, from the semiconductor industry to PC accessories — webcams, printers, hard drives and more – have all benefited. These have replaced or are replacing typewriters, film, and traditional printing presses.

The digital economy has allowed companies and individuals to communicate with each other across the world on an instant, real-time basis. Orders can be placed and fulfilled instantaneously, supply chains can be managed in real-time, and inventories are reduced to efficiency levels. Many large retailers, for example, can manage just-in-time inventories and instantaneous order fulfillment with IT systems. The classic example is retailer giant Wal-Mart. When a customer purchases a product, and the store inventory level falls below a certain point, the purchase automatically triggers an order from the supplier.

In the time of digital economy a great number of commercial websites appeared. In most developed nations, almost every business has an online identity at the very minimum, even if it is not actually selling products online. This has made it possible not only for consumers to become more knowledgeable, but has also allowed businesses to reach a wider range of potential customers than ever before. Commercial websites fall into at least one of eight possible categories: search and portal, storage and infrastructure, information, entertainment, communication and social networking, ecommerce, brand and personal identity and crime.

Digital economy plays a major role in accelerating globalization. It leads to huge cost savings and the creation of millions of jobs in developing countries. It provides new platforms for business innovation, but also brings with it concerns about privacy, reliability and access. As digital economy continues to grow, new concerns and challenges are likely to arise.

http://www.wisegeek.com; http://en.wikipedia.org

TASKS

TEXT COMPREHENTION

T?	F?

1. Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)? Correct the false ones.

1. Digital economy becomes a major component of the traditional economy.
2. More than 1 billion people worldwide never use the Internet.
3. The first dot-com business was born at the beginning of the 21 century.
4. A great number of commercial websites appeared long before digital economy.
5. Digital economy leads to the creation of millions of jobs in developed countries.
6. 2 per cent retailers can manage instantaneous order fulfillment with IT systems.

VOCABULARY PRACTICE

Discuss these questions with a partner. What images spring to mind when you hear the word ‘globalization’? What are the good things and bad things about globalization? Do you think it’s possible to ignore globalization? What will globalization look like fifty years from now? What concept do you think will come after globalization? Could globalization have happened without the Internet? How would your life be different if globalization hadn’t happened? What do you think of the concept of a global village? Do you think globalization could end in a world with just one giant country? What do you think indigenous tribes think about globalization? Do you think globalization will reduce or increase the poverty gap? How has popular culture added to globalization? Are you a globalized shopper?2.

Discuss the impact of globalization up to now on the following:- your own life- your country- the worldText 3PovertyRead the radio interview with Pascal Delrio, an international expert, talking aboutpoverty.Interviewer:Mr Delrio, do you believe we can solve the problem of world poverty?Delrio:I am more optimistic now than before. Millions of people have succeeded inescaping poverty in the last decade, but it is also true that in some regions, more people thanever are living below the poverty line, and we must help these people to lift them out ofpoverty.Interviewer:But how can we achieve that?Delrio:I accept that there is no simple solution.

The widening gulf between rich andpoor in some countries is often due to external forces beyond their control. Some of the mostdeprived regions have large populations living on the margins of society, and it is for thesespecific groups that we can do most.Interviewer:But poverty is not just an issue for developing countries, is it? We havethousands sleeping rough every night in cities like London and New York, and street childrenin a lot of big cities around the world.Delrio:I agree, and I accept that children and adults who live in the streets are indesperate need, and that these social conditions breed crime.

But so much depends on the globaleconomy. Right now, we have a golden opportunity to combat poverty. Perhaps we cannot getrid of it completely, but we certainly can make it less serious, and that is our challenge.Interviewer:Mr Delrio, thank you very much.Learn from itVocabularydeprived (adj) – бедный, живущий в нищете, обездоленный; deprived regions, a deprivedarea, be deprived of …;desperate (adj) – отчаянный; in desperate need, be desperate for …;breed (v) – порождать; breed crime;combat (v) – сражаться с…; combat poverty, mortal combat;challenge (n) – вызов; pose/meet/take up a challenge.Practice1.

Read the text once again and restore the context of the words from Vocabularysection above.2. Work with a partner to make up your own sentences with the words fromVocabulary section.3. Explain the meaning of the following phrases: sleep rough external forces margins of society4. Match to make collocations. Use the collocations in your own sentences.worldexpertgettheir controlan internationalpovertybeyondpoverty linelive belowrid of5. Fill in the blanks with the words from the box.expertbreedchallengesridroughdesperate1. Are western nations ready to meet the enormous environmental ……… that lie ahead?2.

I have a friend who is an ……… in health care.3. We have been campaigning to get ……… of the car tax for 20 years.4. Success tends to ……… success.5. Parts of this school are in ……… need of repair.6. He spent the night sleeping ……… on the streets.6. Translate these sentences into English using Vocabulary.1) Голод — это проблема не только малоразвитых государств.

Даже в США, в странес одним из самых высоких уровней жизни в мире, миллионы людей недоедают идаже голодают.2) Больше всего россиян беспокоит проблема нищеты и большого разрыва междубогатыми и бедными.3) По данным ООН более 2,5 миллиардов человек живут в условиях нищеты на менеечем два доллара США в день.4) Дети и взрослые, которые живут на улицах, находятся в отчаянном положении.Такие условия порождают болезни и преступность.5) Вероятно, никогда не удастся избавиться от проблемы бедности окончательно,однако всеобщими усилиями можно сделать ее менее серьезной.Speak about it1. Answer the following questions.1. What are the reasons of the widening gulf between rich and poor?2.

In your opinion, what “deprived regions” does Mr Delrio mean in his interview? Whatdo you know about these places and people living there? (consult extra sources)3. Is poverty an issue of developing countries only? Why (not)?4. What are the consequences of poverty for individuals and society?5.

Mr Delrio says that “much depends on global economy”. What does he mean by that?2. Work in small groups on one of these projects. Choose a country/region which can be considered struggling with poverty. Makean illustrated report on the current situation there. Work out a plan/strategy on how to effectively deal with the problem of homelesspeople in big cities. Explore the websites of these organizations working to combat poverty. Chooseone of them and prepare a report on its activities.CARE — http://www.care.org/Bread for the World — http://www.bread.org/Opportunity International — http://www.opportunity.org/World Food Programme — http://www.wfp.org/Text 4Problems of urban terrorism in RussiaToday in Russia and in the world, problems of protecting the population, criticallyimportant infrastructure elements, and the environment against natural and technogenicdisasters and terrorist attacks have become some of the most significant priorities.

The mostvulnerable targets for terrorist activities are Russia’s major cities – Moscow, first of all, as wellas the large cities and towns in areas marked by social and political instability and militaryconflict. These cities are the focus of 90-95 per cent of terrorist attacks.During recent years, the scientists of the Russian Academy of Sciences and other Russianscientific organizations have carried out important work under the state program of security, ashave Moscow researchers under the program on Moscow’s security. One major result of thiswork has been the development and approval of the Security Principles for Moscow in 2000 bythe Moscow City Government.The Security Principles of Moscow provide the following description of terrorist threats:Terrorism has become one of the most dangerous challenges for the security of society.

Itposes a special hazard for large cities and political, economic and cultural centers. Terrorismhas the opportunity to use the achievements of science and technology for its criminal pursuits.The main threats of terrorism are as follows: Attacks on political and economic entities (seizure, bombing, arson, and so forth) Bombings and other terrorist acts in crowded areas (metro, railway stations andterminals, residential areas) Kidnappings and seizures of hostages Hijackings of airplanes and other means of public transportation Attacks on facilities that are potential threats to the population in an effort to destroythem Disruption of aviation and rail traffic control systems, power supply lines, means ofcommunication, computers and other electronic devices (electromagnetic terrorism) Disruption of the psychophysical state of the population by means of programmingbehavior or activities of large population groups Cyberattacks against the most important computer networks Dissemination of information in the press and on the radio and TV that may distort publicopinion and cause civil commotion Disruption of information networks Dispersion of chemical and radioactive materials in crowded areasContamination of water supply systems and foodsAt present, in Moscow there have been set priorities for developing the program to bringinto life the strategy and corresponding activities against terrorism.

The improvement of theeffectiveness of measures taken against terrorist activities is the chief priority among them.Learn from itVocabularypriority (n) – приоритет; a significant/high/chief priority, give priority to …;target (n) – мишень, цель; a vulnerable target, aim at the target;threat (n) – угроза; be a threat to …, a hidden threat;disruption (n) – разрушение, перебой; disruption of control systems, disruption of networks;distort (v) – искажать; distort public opinion, distort the facts/news/truth;contamination (n) – загрязнение; contamination of water;effectiveness (n) – эффективность, действенность; effectiveness of measures, improvement ofeffectiveness.Practice1.

Read the text once again and restore the context of the words from Vocabularysection above.2. Work with a partner to make up your own sentences with the words fromVocabulary section.3. Match words in the box with their definitions below.seizurebombingarsonkidnappinghostagehijacking a criminal act of deliberately setting fire to property; an action of capturing someone or something using force;cyberattack an attempt by hackers to damage or destroy a computer network or system; an act of dropping or detonating a bomb somewhere; an act of illegally seizing an aircraft, vehicle, or ship while on the move; a person seized or held as security for the fulfillment of a condition; an act of abducting someone and holding them captive.4.

Match to make collocations. Use the collocations in your own sentences.causechemicalssetfacilitiestakecivil commotionposewater/fooddestroypublic opiniondisruptinformationdisseminatea hazarddistortprioritiesdispersemeasurescontaminatecontrol systems5. Fill in the blanks with the words from the box.measurefacilitiesprioritycausingdistortedkidnapped1.

Health insurance will be our top ……….2. The programme presented a ……… picture of her life.3. Does the company offer any ……… for employees with young children?4. A prison librarian held ……… for 13 hours has been freed.5. This is a temporary ……… to stop the problem from getting any worse.6.

Three American journalists have been ……… by political extremists.hostage7. She was charged with ……… death by dangerous driving.Speak about itDiscuss the following questions.1) Has your life changed in any way due to terrorism?2) Do you think news stations are neutral when they report on terrorism?3) What do governments learn from terrorism?4) Do you worry about terrorism?5) When did terrorism first start in the world?6) What countries around the world have terrorist attacks within their borders?7) Is there a difference between a freedom fighter and a terrorist?8) Do you think terror groups will one day get hold of nuclear and chemical weapons?9) What is state sponsored terrorism?10)What do you understand by the term ‘cyber-terrorism’? How dangerous is it?.