What does this word mean synonym - Word и Excel - помощь в работе с программами

This article is about the general meaning of «synonym». For other uses, see Synonym (disambiguation).

A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language. For example, in the English language, the words begin, start, commence, and initiate are all synonyms of one another: they are synonymous. The standard test for synonymy is substitution: one form can be replaced by another in a sentence without changing its meaning. Words are considered synonymous in only one particular sense: for example, long and extended in the context long time or extended time are synonymous, but long cannot be used in the phrase extended family. Synonyms with exactly the same meaning share a seme or denotational sememe, whereas those with inexactly similar meanings share a broader denotational or connotational sememe and thus overlap within a semantic field. The former are sometimes called cognitive synonyms and the latter, near-synonyms,^[2] plesionyms^[3] or poecilonyms.^[4]

LexicographyEdit

Some lexicographers claim that no synonyms have exactly the same meaning (in all contexts or social levels of language) because etymology, orthography, phonic qualities, connotations, ambiguous meanings, usage, and so on make them unique. Different words that are similar in meaning usually differ for a reason: feline is more formal than cat; long and extended are only synonyms in one usage and not in others (for example, a long arm is not the same as an extended arm). Synonyms are also a source of euphemisms.

Metonymy can sometimes be a form of synonymy: the White House is used as a synonym of the administration in referring to the U.S. executive branch under a specific president.^[5] Thus, a metonym is a type of synonym, and the word metonym is a hyponym of the word synonym.^{[citation needed]}

The analysis of synonymy, polysemy, hyponymy, and hypernymy is inherent to taxonomy and ontology in the information science senses of those terms.^[6] It has applications in pedagogy and machine learning, because they rely on word-sense disambiguation.^[7]

EtymologyEdit

The word is borrowed from Latin synōnymum, in turn borrowed from Ancient Greek synōnymon (συνώνυμον), composed of sýn (σύν ‘together, similar, alike’) and —ōnym— (-ωνυμ-), a form of onoma (ὄνομα ‘name’).^[8]

SourcesEdit

Synonyms are often some from the different strata making up a language. For example, in English, Norman French superstratum words and Old English substratum words continue to coexist.^[9] Thus, today we have synonyms like the Norman-derived people, liberty and archer, and the Saxon-derived folk, freedom and bowman. For more examples, see the list of Germanic and Latinate equivalents in English.

Loanwords are another rich source of synonyms, often from the language of the dominant culture of a region. Thus, most European languages have borrowed from Latin and ancient Greek, especially for technical terms, but the native terms continue to be used in non-technical contexts. In East Asia, borrowings from Chinese in Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese often double native terms. In Islamic cultures, Arabic and Persian are large sources of synonymous borrowings.

For example, in Turkish, kara and siyah both mean ‘black’, the former being a native Turkish word, and the latter being a borrowing from Persian. In Ottoman Turkish, there were often three synonyms: water can be su (Turkish), âb (Persian), or mâ (Arabic): «such a triad of synonyms exists in Ottoman for every meaning, without exception». As always with synonyms, there are nuances and shades of meaning or usage.^[10]

In English, similarly, we often have Latin (L) and Greek (Gk) terms synonymous with Germanic ones: thought, notion (L), idea (Gk); ring, circle (L), cycle (Gk). English often uses the Germanic term only as a noun, but has Latin and Greek adjectives: hand, manual (L), chiral (Gk); heat, thermal (L), caloric (Gk). Sometimes the Germanic term has become rare, or restricted to special meanings: tide, time/temporal, chronic.^[11]

Many bound morphemes in English are borrowed from Latin and Greek and are synonyms for native words or morphemes: fish, pisci- (L), ichthy- (Gk).

Another source of synonyms is coinages, which may be motivated by linguistic purism. Thus, the English word foreword was coined to replace the Romance preface. In Turkish, okul was coined to replace the Arabic-derived mektep and mederese, but those words continue to be used in some contexts.^[12]

UsesEdit

Synonyms often express a nuance of meaning or are used in different registers of speech or writing.

Different technical fields may appropriate synonyms for specific technical meanings.

Some writers avoid repeating the same word in close proximity, and prefer to use synonyms: this is called elegant variation. Many modern style guides criticize this.

ExamplesEdit

Synonyms can be any part of speech, as long as both words belong to the same part of speech. Examples:

noun: drink and beverage
verb: buy and purchase
adjective: big and large
adverb: quickly and speedily
preposition: on and upon

Synonyms are defined with respect to certain senses of words: pupil as the aperture in the iris of the eye is not synonymous with student. Similarly, he expired means the same as he died, yet my passport has expired cannot be replaced by my passport has died.

A thesaurus or synonym dictionary lists similar or related words; these are often, but not always, synonyms.^[13]

The word poecilonym is a rare synonym of the word synonym. It is not entered in most major dictionaries and is a curiosity or piece of trivia for being an autological word because of its meta quality as a synonym of synonym.
Antonyms are words with opposite or nearly opposite meanings. For example: hot ↔ cold, large ↔ small, thick ↔ thin, synonym ↔ antonym
Hypernyms and hyponyms are words that refer to, respectively, a general category and a specific instance of that category. For example, vehicle is a hypernym of car, and car is a hyponym of vehicle.
Homophones are words that have the same pronunciation but different meanings. For example, witch and which are homophones in most accents (because they are pronounced the same).
Homographs are words that have the same spelling but different meanings. For example, one can record a song or keep a record of documents.
Homonyms are words that have the same pronunciation and spelling but different meanings. For example, rose (a type of flower) and rose (past tense of rise) are homonyms.

ReferencesEdit

^ K.4375
^ Stanojević, Maja (2009), «Cognitive synonymy: a general overview» (PDF), Facta Universitatis, Linguistics and Literature Series, 7 (2): 193–200.
^ DiMarco, Chrysanne, and Graeme Hirst. «Usage notes as the basis for a representation of near-synonymy for lexical choice.» Proceedings of 9th annual conference of the University of Waterloo Centre for the New Oxford English Dictionary and Text Research. 1993.
^ Grambs, David. The Endangered English Dictionary: Bodacious Words Your Dictionary Forgot. WW Norton & Company, 1997.
^ «World Architecture Images- The White House». www.essential-architecture.com. Retrieved 2019-12-09.
^ Hirst, Graeme. «Ontology and the lexicon.» Handbook on ontologies. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009. 269-292.
^ Turney, Peter D. (2008). «A Uniform Approach to Analogies, Synonyms, Antonyms, and Associations». Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Computational Linguistics — Volume 1. COLING ’08. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics: 905–912. arXiv:0809.0124. ISBN 978-1-905593-44-6.
^ Oxford English Dictionary, 1st edition, 1919, s.v.
^ Bradley, Henry (1922). The Making of English. Macmillan and Company, Limited.
^ Ziya Gökalp, The Principles of Turkism, 1968, p. 78
^ Carl Darling Buck, A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages, 1949, reprinted as ISBN 0226079376
^ Geoffrey Lewis, The Turkish Language Reform: A Catastrophic Success, 1999, ISBN 0198238568, p. 44, 70, 117
^ «Synonym dictionary words and phrases». www.allacronyms.com. Retrieved 2018-04-27.

External linksEdit

Look up synonym in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Источник

Full Definition of synonym 1 : one of two or more words or expressions of the same language that have the same or nearly the same meaning in some or all senses. 2a : a word or phrase that by association is held to embody something (such as a concept or quality) a tyrant whose name has become a synonym for oppression.

Contents

1 What is an example of a synonym?
2 What is the meaning of synonym and antonym?
3 What is another word for synonym?
4 Why do we use synonyms?
5 Can could synonym?
6 Which means that synonyms?
7 What is a synonym for why?
8 Where can I find synonyms in word?
9 Is the equivalent of synonym?
10 Is a synonym the same or opposite?
11 What is the difference between vocabulary and synonyms?
12 How many synonyms are there in English?
13 What is a good sentence for synonym?
14 Which can be used synonym?
15 Should you have synonym?
16 What is another word for May?
17 Which is how synonym?
18 Which can lead to synonym?
19 What is the synonym of essay?
20 Do you believe synonym?

What is an example of a synonym?

A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language. For example, in the English language, the words begin, start, commence, and initiate are all synonyms of one another: they are synonymous .

What is the meaning of synonym and antonym?

Key Takeaways. Synonyms are words that have the same, or almost the same, meaning as another word. Antonyms are words that have the opposite meaning of another word. Choosing the right synonym refines your writing.

What is another word for synonym?

In this page you can discover 16 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for synonym, like: equivalent, metonym, synonymize, analogue, synonymic, antonym, synonymy, synonymous, equivalent word, word and phrase.

Why do we use synonyms?

It is important because synonyms can help you enhance the quality of your writing by providing your readers with a crisp and unique outlook of your text. Furthermore, it can also improve both your oral skills and your writing skills, as noted in the following section.

Can could synonym?

synonyms for could be

perchance.
perhaps.
as it may be.
can be.
conceivable.
conceivably.
credible.
feasible.

Which means that synonyms?

What is another word for which means?

meaning that	the corollary being that
which expresses	which implies
which indicates	which insinuates
which intimates	which portends
which purports	which signifies

What is a synonym for why?

due to this action. as a result of doing this. why. thereon. axiomatically.

Where can I find synonyms in word?

You can easily find synonyms for a word (from the thesaurus, of course) by right-clicking on a word and then choosing Synonyms from the resulting Context menu. As you are using this feature, you may notice that it is not available at all times or, if it is available, it may not offer any real synonyms.

Is the equivalent of synonym?

Some common synonyms of equivalent are equal, identical, same, selfsame, and very. While all these words mean “not different or not differing from one another,” equivalent implies amounting to the same thing in worth or significance.

Is a synonym the same or opposite?

Synonyms are words that have the same, or almost the same, meaning as another word. Antonyms are words that have the opposite meaning of another word.

What is the difference between vocabulary and synonyms?

So, you can see that synonyms only present some similar alternatives but do not actually describe the word.However, the vocabulary of the word ‘vocabulary’ will tell you the exact meaning of the word, its usage in different contexts, and its difference from the synonym of this word.

How many synonyms are there in English?

Hence, we are providing the list of Synonyms and Antonyms containing more than 400 English synonym and antonym words.

Synonyms And Antonyms List
Words	Synonyms – Same Meaning	Antonyms – Opposites
Abject	Despicable, servile	Commendable, Praiseworthy

What is a good sentence for synonym?

The Parisians received the news of the event with joy, believing that freedom was now at last to be established on a firm basis by the man whose name was the synonym for victory in the field and disinterestedness in civil affairs. In fact his name has become a synonym for the word liar.

Which can be used synonym?

What is another word for can be used?

can be brought into play	can be brought to bear
can be drawn on	can be exploited
can be put to use	can be utilized
may be used

Should you have synonym?

Should Synonyms – WordHippo Thesaurus.
What is another word for should?

must	need to
need	be obliged to
will	ought
shall	be required to
got to	be compelled to

What is another word for May?

In this page you can discover 41 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for may, like: can, be allowed, might, be possible, opening of the fishing season, will, be going to, allowed, should, whitethorn and must.

Which is how synonym?

What is another word for how?

approach	manner
tactic	direction
routine	mechanism
agency	path
road	modus

Which can lead to synonym?

What is another word for lead to?

produce	catalyse^UK
spawn	trigger
yield	result in
bring about	bring on
contribute to	set in motion

Some common synonyms of essay are attempt, endeavor, strive, and try. While all these words mean “to make an effort to accomplish an end,” essay implies difficulty but also suggests tentative trying or experimenting.

Do you believe synonym?

(Idiomatic) To wholeheartedly trust.In this page you can discover 74 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for believe, like: have faith, be confident, think, be convinced, accept, conclude, affirm, be certain, feel sure, postulate and deem.

Источник

You might hear a lot of terms regarding semantics that sound similar: homonym, metonym, synonym, and so on. Today, our word of the day is synonym. In this article, you will learn what a synonym is, how to use a synonym, and why synonyms are useful.

What Does Synonym Mean?

According to Dictionary, the definition of synonym is a word with the same meaning or similar meaning as another word. synonym is three syllables — syn-o-nym — and the pronunciation of synonyms is ˈsɪnənɪm. A dictionary of synonyms is called a thesaurus.

You might run into near-synonyms, which are related words to synonyms but might have a slightly different definition or be a different part of speech.

Why Should You Use Synonyms?

You might wonder why it would be useful to know multiple words that all mean the same thing. Why not just know one of them and leave the rest? Many times, synonyms of words come with different connotations.

Connotation is the feeling that a word evokes, separate from its dictionary definition. Sometimes, two words might mean the same thing, but one has a positive connotation while the other has a negative connotation.

Learning synonyms is also an efficient way to learn new words. If you know the definition of one word and then learn all of the synonyms of that word, you have just expanded your vocabulary exponentially!

Knowing synonyms can also be helpful when it comes to taxonomic names or scientific names. The average person might not know the technical term for a species of plant or animal, so knowing the common words for these things can prove very useful.

What Is the Etymology of Synonym?

The word synonym has been in the English language for a very long time – since the early 1400s! This word comes from the Ancient Greek syn, Greek sunōnumon and synōnymon, the Latin onoma, and the Latin synōnymum.

What Are Examples of Synonyms?

Below, you will find several example sentences of synonyms. Each of these examples of synonyms uses two words with the same denotation but a different connotation. See if you can identify which word has a positive connotation and which word has a negative connotation.