What does the word weather mean

We’ve all talked about the weather. It’s probably among the most common conversation topics of all time. Odds are, if you speak the English language, you have used the word weather. 

But there’s a bit more to this word than meets the eye, mostly in what it often gets confused with and how it gets misspelled. If you find yourself being confused with this word, let’s take it back to the basics and build from there.

Today’s word of the day is weather. By the end of this short guide, you’ll have a solid understanding of the word weather, its definitions, its etymology, and how to use it. Let’s get started. 

What Is the Meaning of the Word Weather?

The word weather has a pretty simple meaning. But it’s actually one of those words that are so foundational that it is somewhat difficult to define. But here’s a definition of the word weather: 

  • A combination of atmospheric conditions, such as movement, humidity, water condensation, etc. that create various events in the atmosphere, such as precipitation, cloudiness, humidity, temperature fluctuations, and more. Typically referring to the atmospheric conditions of a specific regional area. 

In short, the weather is the state of the atmosphere at a particular time in a given region or area. The weather could be a thunderstorm or a bright and sunny day. It could be cold weather, bad weather, heat waves, or high winds. 

The word weather has been foundational throughout language for millennia. There has never been a time when human beings didn’t need to know what the weather was doing, so this word has always been around in some form or another. 

The study of weather is called meteorology, in which scientists study conditions of the atmosphere weather patterns in order to predict the weather conditions of a place over a period of time. This prediction is called the weather forecast. 

Common Collocations

With such an important word, there are bound to be several collocations and idioms associated with it. A collocation is a common pairing of two words that occurs more than just by coincidence, so essentially, it’s a short, two-word common saying. Here is a list of some collocations for the word weather: 

  • Good weather
  • Bad weather
  • Heavy weather
  • Fair weather
  • Weather service
  • Hot weather
  • Cold weather
  • Warm Weather
  • Weather events

Common Misunderstandings

Many people often get confused about the spelling of the word weather. It is pronounced the exact same as another English word: whether. The word whether is a conjunction that is used to convey a choice, a doubt, or multiple outcomes in a situation. 

These words are homophones, meaning that they sound the exact same or close to the exact same but carry two different meanings. Be on the lookout for misspellings of the word weather, so you don’t get confused or confuse others. 

Where Did the Word Weather Come From?

To help bring more clarity to the definition of weather, let’s look at the history of how it came to be or its etymology.

The word weather actually comes from the ancient Germanic family of languages, so it has been around for far too long to even know the exact origin. That ancient Germanic language evolved into several different languages, including Old English, Dutch, and German, over the millennia. 

We see a similar root and spelling for the same word in all three of these languages. There was the Old English weder, the Dutch weer, and the German wetter.  

During the transition of Old English to what we have now (a period called Middle English), the spelling changed slightly to the word we have now: weather. 

Now, there are several phrases and idioms in the English language that use the word out of context, such as the phrases “under the weather,” “to weather (meaning to bear or deal with successfully),” and “weathered (meaning to become worn over time).” 

What Are Some Examples of the Word Weather in a Sentence?

Seeing a word in context can help bring more clarity to its definition and how you can use it in your own life. Here are some example sentences that use weather:

  • With Hurricane Ida drawing close to the coast, we’re already starting to see the strong winds and extreme weather affect the communities here. 
  • I didn’t check the weather report for today, otherwise I would have brought my rain jacket. 
  • The weather report said the snowfall would start at around 10:00 AM, and the heavy winds would pick up at about 1:00 in the afternoon. 
  • If the weather looks good, we should go out for a picnic in the park this weekend. 
  • Once the weather starts to change each season, my allergies really act up, making me sick with hay fever for a week or more.
  • I don’t know if I will be able to go out tonight. I’m feeling a bit under the weather. 
  • I don’t know how we did it, but our family weathered the recession, and we made it out okay. 
  • His beautiful sunburst guitar was perfectly weathered from years and years of touring around the world. 

What Are the Synonyms of the Word Weather?

Here are some synonyms of the word weather that you might find in a thesaurus:

  • Climate
  • Elements 
  • Get through
  • Overcome
  • Ride out
  • Withstand
  • Worn
  • Hardened
  • Aged
  • Battered

What Are Antonyms of the Word Weather?

Here are some antonyms for the word weather:

  • Give in 
  • Yield
  • Surrender
  • Pristine
  • New

The Word Weather

Now you know everything you need to know about the word weather, its definition, its history, and how to use it. Use it confidently in your writing and your conversation. And if you need a refresher on this word, come back to this article for the information you need.

Sources

WEATHER | Cambridge English Dictionary 

WEATHER | Meaning & Definition for UK English | Lexico

What Does Under the Weather Mean? | Writing Explained 

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Kevin Miller is a growth marketer with an extensive background in Search Engine Optimization, paid acquisition and email marketing. He is also an online editor and writer based out of Los Angeles, CA. He studied at Georgetown University, worked at Google and became infatuated with English Grammar and for years has been diving into the language, demystifying the do’s and don’ts for all who share the same passion! He can be found online here.

1 : the state of the atmosphere with respect to heat or cold wetness or dryness calm or storm clearness or cloudiness. 2 : state or vicissitude of life or fortune. 3 : disagreeable atmospheric conditions: such as. a : rain storm.

What is weather in one word answer?

The weather is the condition of the atmosphere in one area at a particular time for example if it is raining hot or windy. If something such as wood or rock weathers or is weathered it changes colour or shape as a result of the wind sun rain or cold. …

How do you explain weather?

Weather is the state of the atmosphere describing for example the degree to which it is hot or cold wet or dry calm or stormy clear or cloudy. On Earth most weather phenomena occur in the lowest layer of the planet’s atmosphere the troposphere just below the stratosphere.

What is the meaning of Wheater?

A small passerine bird Oenanthe oenanthe. noun.

What are the two meanings of weather?

Whether is a conjunction meaning if. Wether is a neutered goat or sheep. Weather is the state of the atmosphere.

What is the weather short answer?

Weather is the day-to-day state of the atmosphere and its short-term variation in minutes to weeks. People generally think of weather as the combination of temperature humidity precipitation cloudiness visibility and wind.

Weather is the state of the atmosphere at any given time. … Weather has many aspects including wind pressure cloud cover temperature and precipitation.

Which answer is the best definition of weather?

Answer: the state of the atmosphere with respect to wind temperature cloudiness moisture pressure etc.

How do you explain weather to a child?

For example when children begin to describe weather it is likely they will use weather factors to do so—such as hot or cold cloudy or sunny rain or snow or wind. You can respond to their observations by saying: You’re right a strong wind is one of the factors that tell us about the weather today.

What is weather definition for kindergarten?

Weather is sunshine rain snow wind and storms. It’s what is going on outside right now. The weather is different at different places around the planet. In some places it’s sunny right now while in other places it’s snowing. Many things affect the weather including the atmosphere the Sun and the season.

What are some examples of weather?

Weather includes sunshine rain cloud cover winds hail snow sleet freezing rain flooding blizzards ice storms thunderstorms steady rains from a cold front or warm front excessive heat heat waves and more. … They also provide Special Weather Statements and Short and Long Term Forecasts.

What is the meaning of weather and whether?

Weather is primarily used as a noun. It is the state of the atmosphere in a particular place e.g. rain sunshine snow and so on. Whether is a conjunction. It is mostly used to introduce a clause and express a doubt or choice between alternatives.

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What are the 6 types of weather?

The six common types of weather create all weather conditions. With the right humidity wind atmospheric pressure temperature clouds and precipitation a rainstorm happens.

Where did the word weather come from?

Weather comes from the Old English word weder which means ‘air sky breeze storm tempest’ which in turn comes from the Proto-Germanic wedram meaning ‘wind weather’.

What is a good sentence for weather?

It was the weather that made her so irritable. The balmy weather of Thanksgiving Day had given way to a frosty day after. It was terrible weather for growing things. It could only have been in the last few weeks since the weather had turned warm.

How do you remember weather and whether?

Get a memory trick to remember the spelling of “weather” and “whether.” People often have trouble remembering which word is spelled “weather” and which word is spelled “whether.” Here’s my memory trick: Weather (such as a storm) affects the sea and “sea” is spelled with an “ea” just like “weather.”

What is weather short answer Class 9?

Answer: ‘Weather’ refers to the state of the atmosphere over an area at any point of time. … Temperature atmospheric pressure wind humidity and precipitation.

What causes our weather?

Weather on Earth is caused by heat from the sun and movement of the air. All weather happens in the lower layer of Earth’s atmosphere which is a layer of gases surrounding Earth. … Moisture or water vapor (gas) in the air also affects the weather.

What is weather Brainly in?

Weather can be defined as the atmospheric condition of any definite place for a definite period of time. It is generally the day-to-day condition of the atmosphere of any place with reference to temperature wind conditions rainfall pressure and cloudiness. Read on. Read on.

Why is weather important to human life?

1) Weather controls the distribution of rain water on earth. All living organisms on earth require liquid water to survive and humans require fresh (not salty) water for drinking and agriculture (growing crops for food). Droughts can have a major impact on humans and have killed millions of people throughout history.

What are the 5 causes of weather?

The five factors that determine the weather of any land area are: the amount of solar energy received because of latitude the area’s elevation or proximity to mountains nearness to large bodies of water and relative temperatures of land and water the number of such storm systems as cyclones hurricanes and …

What is the difference between weather and climate your answer?

Weather refers to short term atmospheric conditions while climate is the weather of a specific region averaged over a long period of time. Climate change refers to long-term changes.

What are 5 facts about weather?

30 freaky facts about the weather!

  • You can tell the temperature by counting a cricket’s chirps!
  • Sandstorms can swallow up entire cities.
  • Dirt mixed with wind can make dust storms called black blizzards. …
  • A mudslide can carry rocks trees vehicles and entire buildings!

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What are the 4 types of weather?

Explore the four factors—temperature wind snow or rain and sunlight and clouds—present in various weather conditions in this video from WGBH.

What are the 5 types of weather?

Different types of weather conditions

The five main types of weather are: sunny cloudy windy rainy and stormy.

How do you explain weather to preschoolers?

What is weather definition for Class 5?

What is Weather? The day-to-day conditions of the atmosphere at a place with respect to elements like humidity temperature wind speed rainfall etc. is called the weather of that place. Weather can be cloudy sunny rainy stormy or clear.

How many types of weather are there?

There are five types of weather: sunny cloudy windy snowy and rainy. It is described as the sun shining and giving warmth to the land. There are little to no presence of clouds. Cold temperatures and wind however will also be present on some areas of the earth.

What does bad weather mean?

bad weather – weather unsuitable for outdoor activities. inclemency inclementness.

What does weather the storm mean?

Definition of weather the storm

: to deal with a difficult situation without being harmed or damaged too much Newspapers have weathered the storm of online information by providing news online themselves.

What is different between weather and season?

The main difference between season and weather is that the term season describes general weather conditions of a specific region during an average period of three months while the term weather refers to factors like daily temperature winds precipitation and the amount of sunshine the earth receives.

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What are different ways to spell weather?

The climate is made up of “weather” whether it is nice out depends on whether it is raining or not. A wether is just a castrated sheep. Such a sheep wearing a bell is a “bellwether ” and that’s the correct spelling for the same word when it means “an indicator of change.”

What are the 2 main types of weather?

There are two main types: hot air masses which are large areas of hot air moving in the same direction and cold air masses which are areas of cold air moving together in the same direction. A front is where two or more air masses meet. A cold front occurs when cold air pushes under a mass of warm air.

What are the 12 types of weather?

Weather types

  • Sunny/Clear.
  • Partially cloudy.
  • Cloudy.
  • Overcast.
  • Rain.
  • Drizzle.
  • Snow.
  • Stormy.

Weather | Meaning of weather

Talking About the Weather in English – Spoken English Lesson

What is the meaning of the word WEATHER?

Weather Vocabulary in English – Weather nouns weather adjectives weather verbs

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Weather is the state of the atmosphere, describing for example the degree to which it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy.[1] On Earth, most weather phenomena occur in the lowest layer of the planet’s atmosphere, the troposphere,[2][3] just below the stratosphere. Weather refers to day-to-day temperature, precipitation, and other atmospheric conditions, whereas climate is the term for the averaging of atmospheric conditions over longer periods of time.[4] When used without qualification, «weather» is generally understood to mean the weather of Earth.

Weather is driven by air pressure, temperature, and moisture differences between one place and another. These differences can occur due to the Sun’s angle at any particular spot, which varies with latitude. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the largest scale atmospheric circulations: the Hadley cell, the Ferrel cell, the polar cell, and the jet stream. Weather systems in the middle latitudes, such as extratropical cyclones, are caused by instabilities of the jet streamflow. Because Earth’s axis is tilted relative to its orbital plane (called the ecliptic), sunlight is incident at different angles at different times of the year. On Earth’s surface, temperatures usually range ±40 °C (−40 °F to 104 °F) annually. Over thousands of years, changes in Earth’s orbit can affect the amount and distribution of solar energy received by Earth, thus influencing long-term climate and global climate change.

Surface temperature differences in turn cause pressure differences. Higher altitudes are cooler than lower altitudes, as most atmospheric heating is due to contact with the Earth’s surface while radiative losses to space are mostly constant. Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the state of the atmosphere for a future time and a given location. Earth’s weather system is a chaotic system; as a result, small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole. Human attempts to control the weather have occurred throughout history, and there is evidence that human activities such as agriculture and industry have modified weather patterns

Studying how the weather works on other planets has been helpful in understanding how weather works on Earth. A famous landmark in the Solar System, Jupiter’s Great Red Spot, is an anticyclonic storm known to have existed for at least 300 years. However, the weather is not limited to planetary bodies. A star’s corona is constantly being lost to space, creating what is essentially a very thin atmosphere throughout the Solar System. The movement of mass ejected from the Sun is known as the solar wind.

Causes

On Earth, the common weather phenomena include wind, cloud, rain, snow, fog and dust storms. Less common events include natural disasters such as tornadoes, hurricanes, typhoons and ice storms. Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in the troposphere (the lower part of the atmosphere).[3] Weather does occur in the stratosphere and can affect weather lower down in the troposphere, but the exact mechanisms are poorly understood.[5]

Weather occurs primarily due to air pressure, temperature and moisture differences between one place to another. These differences can occur due to the sun angle at any particular spot, which varies by latitude from the tropics. In other words, the farther from the tropics one lies, the lower the sun angle is, which causes those locations to be cooler due to the spread of the sunlight over a greater surface.[6] The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the large scale atmospheric circulation cells and the jet stream.[7] Weather systems in the mid-latitudes, such as extratropical cyclones, are caused by instabilities of the jet stream flow (see baroclinity).[8] Weather systems in the tropics, such as monsoons or organized thunderstorm systems, are caused by different processes.

Because the Earth’s axis is tilted relative to its orbital plane, sunlight is incident at different angles at different times of the year. In June the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun, so at any given Northern Hemisphere latitude sunlight falls more directly on that spot than in December (see Effect of sun angle on climate).[10] This effect causes seasons. Over thousands to hundreds of thousands of years, changes in Earth’s orbital parameters affect the amount and distribution of solar energy received by the Earth and influence long-term climate. (See Milankovitch cycles).[11]

The uneven solar heating (the formation of zones of temperature and moisture gradients, or frontogenesis) can also be due to the weather itself in the form of cloudiness and precipitation.[12] Higher altitudes are typically cooler than lower altitudes, which the result of higher surface temperature and radiational heating, which produces the adiabatic lapse rate.[13][14] In some situations, the temperature actually increases with height. This phenomenon is known as an inversion and can cause mountaintops to be warmer than the valleys below. Inversions can lead to the formation of fog and often act as a cap that suppresses thunderstorm development. On local scales, temperature differences can occur because different surfaces (such as oceans, forests, ice sheets, or man-made objects) have differing physical characteristics such as reflectivity, roughness, or moisture content.

Surface temperature differences in turn cause pressure differences. A hot surface warms the air above it causing it to expand and lower the density and the resulting surface air pressure.[15] The resulting horizontal pressure gradient moves the air from higher to lower pressure regions, creating a wind, and the Earth’s rotation then causes deflection of this airflow due to the Coriolis effect.[16] The simple systems thus formed can then display emergent behaviour to produce more complex systems and thus other weather phenomena. Large scale examples include the Hadley cell while a smaller scale example would be coastal breezes.

The atmosphere is a chaotic system. As a result, small changes to one part of the system can accumulate and magnify to cause large effects on the system as a whole.[17] This atmospheric instability makes weather forecasting less predictable than tides or eclipses.[18] Although it is difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance, weather forecasters are continually working to extend this limit through meteorological research and refining current methodologies in weather prediction. However, it is theoretically impossible to make useful day-to-day predictions more than about two weeks ahead, imposing an upper limit to potential for improved prediction skill.[19]

Shaping the planet Earth

Weather is one of the fundamental processes that shape the Earth. The process of weathering breaks down the rocks and soils into smaller fragments and then into their constituent substances.[20] During rains precipitation, the water droplets absorb and dissolve carbon dioxide from the surrounding air. This causes the rainwater to be slightly acidic, which aids the erosive properties of water. The released sediment and chemicals are then free to take part in chemical reactions that can affect the surface further (such as acid rain), and sodium and chloride ions (salt) deposited in the seas/oceans. The sediment may reform in time and by geological forces into other rocks and soils. In this way, weather plays a major role in erosion of the surface.[21]

Effect on humans

Weather, seen from an anthropological perspective, is something all humans in the world constantly experience through their senses, at least while being outside. There are socially and scientifically constructed understandings of what weather is, what makes it change, the effect it has on humans in different situations, etc.[22] Therefore, weather is something people often communicate about. The National Weather Service has an annual report for fatalities, injury, and total damage costs which include crop and property. They gather this data via National Weather Service offices located throughout the 50 states in the United States as well as Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands. As of 2019, tornadoes have had the greatest impact on humans with 42 fatalities while costing crop and property damage over 3 billion dollars.[23]

Effects on populations

New Orleans, Louisiana, after being struck by Hurricane Katrina. Katrina was a Category 3 hurricane when it struck although it had been a category 5 hurricane in the Gulf of Mexico.

The weather has played a large and sometimes direct part in human history. Aside from climatic changes that have caused the gradual drift of populations (for example the desertification of the Middle East, and the formation of land bridges during glacial periods), extreme weather events have caused smaller scale population movements and intruded directly in historical events. One such event is the saving of Japan from invasion by the Mongol fleet of Kublai Khan by the Kamikaze winds in 1281.[24] French claims to Florida came to an end in 1565 when a hurricane destroyed the French fleet, allowing Spain to conquer Fort Caroline.[25] More recently, Hurricane Katrina redistributed over one million people from the central Gulf coast elsewhere across the United States, becoming the largest diaspora in the history of the United States.[26]

The Little Ice Age caused crop failures and famines in Europe. During the period known as the Grindelwald Fluctuation (1560–1630), volcanic forcing events[27] seem to have led to more extreme weather events.[28] These included droughts, storms and unseasonal blizzards, as well as causing the Swiss Grindelwald Glacier to expand. The 1690s saw the worst famine in France since the Middle Ages. Finland suffered a severe famine in 1696–1697, during which about one-third of the Finnish population died.[29]

Forecasting

Forecast of surface pressures five days into the future for the north Pacific, North America, and the north Atlantic Ocean as on 9 June 2008

Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the state of the atmosphere for a future time and a given location. Human beings have attempted to predict the weather informally for millennia, and formally since at least the nineteenth century.[30] Weather forecasts are made by collecting quantitative data about the current state of the atmosphere and using scientific understanding of atmospheric processes to project how the atmosphere will evolve.[31]

Once an all-human endeavor based mainly upon changes in barometric pressure, current weather conditions, and sky condition,[32][33] forecast models are now used to determine future conditions. On the other hand, human input is still required to pick the best possible forecast model to base the forecast upon, which involves many disciplines such as pattern recognition skills, teleconnections, knowledge of model performance, and knowledge of model biases.

The chaotic nature of the atmosphere, the massive computational power required to solve the equations that describe the atmosphere, the error involved in measuring the initial conditions, and an incomplete understanding of atmospheric processes mean that forecasts become less accurate as of the difference in current time and the time for which the forecast is being made (the range of the forecast) increases. The use of ensembles and model consensus helps to narrow the error and pick the most likely outcome.[34][35][36]

There are a variety of end users to weather forecasts. Weather warnings are important forecasts because they are used to protect life and property.[37][38] Forecasts based on temperature and precipitation are important to agriculture,[39][40][41][42] and therefore to commodity traders within stock markets. Temperature forecasts are used by utility companies to estimate demand over coming days.[43][44][45]

In some areas, people use weather forecasts to determine what to wear on a given day. Since outdoor activities are severely curtailed by heavy rain, snow and the wind chill, forecasts can be used to plan activities around these events and to plan ahead to survive through them.

Tropical weather forecasting is different from that at higher latitudes. The sun shines more directly on the tropics than on higher latitudes (at least on average over a year), which makes the tropics warm (Stevens 2011). And, the vertical direction (up, as one stands on the Earth’s surface) is perpendicular to the Earth’s axis of rotation at the equator, while the axis of rotation and the vertical are the same at the pole; this causes the Earth’s rotation to influence the atmospheric circulation more strongly at high latitudes than low. Because of these two factors, clouds and rainstorms in the tropics can occur more spontaneously compared to those at higher latitudes, where they are more tightly controlled by larger-scale forces in the atmosphere. Because of these differences, clouds and rain are more difficult to forecast in the tropics than at higher latitudes. On the other hand, the temperature is easily forecast in the tropics, because it doesn’t change much.[46]

Modification

The aspiration to control the weather is evident throughout human history: from ancient rituals intended to bring rain for crops to the U.S. Military Operation Popeye, an attempt to disrupt supply lines by lengthening the North Vietnamese monsoon. The most successful attempts at influencing weather involve cloud seeding; they include the fog- and low stratus dispersion techniques employed by major airports, techniques used to increase winter precipitation over mountains, and techniques to suppress hail.[47] A recent example of weather control was China’s preparation for the 2008 Summer Olympic Games. China shot 1,104 rain dispersal rockets from 21 sites in the city of Beijing in an effort to keep rain away from the opening ceremony of the games on 8 August 2008. Guo Hu, head of the Beijing Municipal Meteorological Bureau (BMB), confirmed the success of the operation with 100 millimeters falling in Baoding City of Hebei Province, to the southwest and Beijing’s Fangshan District recording a rainfall of 25 millimeters.[48]

Whereas there is inconclusive evidence for these techniques’ efficacy, there is extensive evidence that human activity such as agriculture and industry results in inadvertent weather modification:[47]

  • Acid rain, caused by industrial emission of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere, adversely affects freshwater lakes, vegetation, and structures.
  • Anthropogenic pollutants reduce air quality and visibility.
  • Climate change caused by human activities that emit greenhouse gases into the air is expected to affect the frequency of extreme weather events such as drought, extreme temperatures, flooding, high winds, and severe storms.[49]
  • Heat, generated by large metropolitan areas have been shown to minutely affect nearby weather, even at distances as far as 1,600 kilometres (990 mi).[50]

The effects of inadvertent weather modification may pose serious threats to many aspects of civilization, including ecosystems, natural resources, food and fiber production, economic development, and human health.[51]

Microscale meteorology

Microscale meteorology is the study of short-lived atmospheric phenomena smaller than mesoscale, about 1 km or less. These two branches of meteorology are sometimes grouped together as «mesoscale and microscale meteorology» (MMM) and together study all phenomena smaller than synoptic scale; that is they study features generally too small to be depicted on a weather map. These include small and generally fleeting cloud «puffs» and other small cloud features.[52]

Extremes on Earth

In recent decades, new high temperature records have substantially outpaced new low temperature records on a growing portion of Earth’s surface.[53]

On Earth, temperatures usually range ±40 °C (100 °F to −40 °F) annually. The range of climates and latitudes across the planet can offer extremes of temperature outside this range. The coldest air temperature ever recorded on Earth is −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F), at Vostok Station, Antarctica on 21 July 1983. The hottest air temperature ever recorded was 57.7 °C (135.9 °F) at ‘Aziziya, Libya, on 13 September 1922,[54] but that reading is queried. The highest recorded average annual temperature was 34.4 °C (93.9 °F) at Dallol, Ethiopia.[55] The coldest recorded average annual temperature was −55.1 °C (−67.2 °F) at Vostok Station, Antarctica.[56]

The coldest average annual temperature in a permanently inhabited location is at Eureka, Nunavut, in Canada, where the annual average temperature is −19.7 °C (−3.5 °F).[57]

The windiest place ever recorded is in Antarctica, Commonwealth Bay (George V Coast).[citation needed] Here the gales reach 199 mph (320 km/h).[citation needed] Furthermore, the greatest snowfall in a period of twelve months occurred in Mount Rainier, Washington, USA. It was recorded as 31,102 mm (102.04 ft) of snow.[58]

Jupiter’s Great Red Spot in February 1979, photographed by the uncrewed Voyager 1 NASA space probe.

Studying how the weather works on other planets has been seen as helpful in understanding how it works on Earth.[59] Weather on other planets follows many of the same physical principles as weather on Earth, but occurs on different scales and in atmospheres having different chemical composition. The Cassini–Huygens mission to Titan discovered clouds formed from methane or ethane which deposit rain composed of liquid methane and other organic compounds.[60] Earth’s atmosphere includes six latitudinal circulation zones, three in each hemisphere.[61] In contrast, Jupiter’s banded appearance shows many such zones,[62] Titan has a single jet stream near the 50th parallel north latitude,[63] and Venus has a single jet near the equator.[64]

One of the most famous landmarks in the Solar System, Jupiter’s Great Red Spot, is an anticyclonic storm known to have existed for at least 300 years.[65] On other gas giants, the lack of a surface allows the wind to reach enormous speeds: gusts of up to 600 metres per second (about 2,100 km/h or 1,300 mph) have been measured on the planet Neptune.[66] This has created a puzzle for planetary scientists. The weather is ultimately created by solar energy and the amount of energy received by Neptune is only about 1900 of that received by Earth, yet the intensity of weather phenomena on Neptune is far greater than on Earth.[67] The strongest planetary winds discovered so far are on the extrasolar planet HD 189733 b, which is thought to have easterly winds moving at more than 9,600 kilometres per hour (6,000 mph).[68]

Space weather

Weather is not limited to planetary bodies. Like all stars, the Sun’s corona is constantly being lost to space, creating what is essentially a very thin atmosphere throughout the Solar System. The movement of mass ejected from the Sun is known as the solar wind. Inconsistencies in this wind and larger events on the surface of the star, such as coronal mass ejections, form a system that has features analogous to conventional weather systems (such as pressure and wind) and is generally known as space weather. Coronal mass ejections have been tracked as far out in the Solar System as Saturn.[69] The activity of this system can affect planetary atmospheres and occasionally surfaces. The interaction of the solar wind with the terrestrial atmosphere can produce spectacular aurorae,[70] and can play havoc with electrically sensitive systems such as electricity grids and radio signals.[71]

See also

  • Glossary of meteorology
  • Indigenous Australian seasons
  • Outline of meteorology
  • Weather station
  • Weather of 2021

References

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  3. ^ a b «Troposphere». Glossary of Meteorology. 28 September 2012. Archived from the original on 28 September 2012. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
  4. ^ «Climate». Glossary of Meteorology. American Meteorological Society. Archived from the original on 7 July 2011. Retrieved 14 May 2008.
  5. ^ O’Carroll, Cynthia M. (18 October 2001). «Weather Forecasters May Look Sky-high For Answers». Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA). Archived from the original on 12 July 2009.
  6. ^ NASA. World Book at NASA: Weather. Archived copy at WebCite (10 March 2013). Retrieved on 27 June 2008.
  7. ^ John P. Stimac. [1] Air pressure and wind. Retrieved on 8 May 2008.
  8. ^ Carlyle H. Wash, Stacey H. Heikkinen, Chi-Sann Liou, and Wendell A. Nuss. A Rapid Cyclogenesis Event during GALE IOP 9. Retrieved on 28 June 2008.
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External links

Table of Contents

  1. What does the word weather mean?
  2. What is weather and its types?
  3. How do we classify weather?
  4. What are the 7 Weather instruments?
  5. What are the two main types of weather system?
  6. What are the two major types of fronts?
  7. What are 10 different types of weather?
  8. Is weather a pattern?
  9. What causes sunny weather?
  10. What are the causes and effect of El Nino?
  11. How does El Nino affect food production?
  12. How does El Nino work?
  13. What is El Nino and how does it affect the weather?

1 : the state of the atmosphere with respect to heat or cold, wetness or dryness, calm or storm, clearness or cloudiness. 2 : state or vicissitude of life or fortune. 3 : disagreeable atmospheric conditions: such as. a : rain, storm.

What is weather and its types?

Weather is the atmospheric condition of a given place and time. Types of weather include sunny, cloudy, rainy, windy, and snowy. One of the most significant factors that affects weather is air masses. Air masses cause warm, cold, stationary, and occluded fronts.

How do we classify weather?

Class names for classification systems based on weather patterns often include geographical names such as polar, tropical, continental, and marine. These terms are modified by terms describing temperature and moisture, or the intensity of weather during summer or winter.

What are the 7 Weather instruments?

The common instruments of measure are anemometer, wind vane, pressure sensor, thermometer, hygrometer, and rain gauge. The weather measures are formatted in special format and transmit to WMO to help the weather forecast model.

What are the two main types of weather system?

Weather systems are simply the movement of warm and cold air across the globe. These movements are known as low-pressure systems and high-pressure systems. High-pressure systems are rotating masses of cool, dry air. High-pressure systems keep moisture from rising into the atmosphere and forming clouds.

What are the two major types of fronts?

There are four basic types of fronts, and the weather associated with them varies.

  • Cold Front. A cold front is the leading edge of a colder air mass.
  • Warm Front. Warm fronts tend to move slower than cold fronts and are the leading edge of warm air moving northward.
  • Stationary Front.
  • Occluded Front.

What are 10 different types of weather?

Weather types

  • Sunny/Clear. A sunny day, or clear sky during nighttime, is when there are clouds above the horizon.
  • Partially cloudy.
  • Cloudy.
  • Overcast.
  • Rain.
  • Drizzle.
  • Snow.
  • Stormy.

Is weather a pattern?

Meteorologists refer to repeating weather as a weather pattern. It is common for the weather to become locked in a repeating pattern. The same weather will occur day after day. Then suddenly one day the weather changes and for example dry weather for 2 weeks becomes rainy weather for a week.

What causes sunny weather?

Ever noticed how boiling water churns and moves around? That’s what happens when the Sun heats up the atmosphere, the layer of gases that surrounds Earth. All this movement gives us weather. There’s a wide variety of it, too—from the wildest storms of winter to the nicest sunny days of summer.

What are the causes and effect of El Nino?

El Nino is essentially caused by the interaction between the surface layers of the tropical Pacific Ocean and the atmosphere over it. The water is warmer due to the trade winds reversing direction or becoming less intense.

How does El Nino affect food production?

During El Niño Years Harvests of summer crops such as corn, peanuts, and cotton may be delayed because of increased rains in the fall. Frequent rains may reduce tilling and yield of winter wheat. Wheat yields in southern AL and GA are generally higher than average during El Niño.

How does El Nino work?

How Does El Niño Work? In normal years, the winds tend to blow from east to west across the waters of the tropical Pacific. During El Niño years, the winds weaken, causing the upwelling of deep water to cease. The consequent warming of the ocean surface further weakens the winds and strengthens El Niño.

What is El Nino and how does it affect the weather?

El Niño is a weather pattern that occurs in the Pacific Ocean. During this time, unusual winds cause warm surface water from the equator to move east, toward Central and South America. El Niño can cause more rain than usual in South and Central America and in the United States.

«Not often: if it is to be done in warm weather, I smoke them well before I begin; _in very cold weather_ is the best time, then it is unnecessary; simply turn the hive bottom up, mark off the proper size, and with a sharp saw take it off without trouble.» ❋ Unknown (1842)

: Check out @weather to get the latest weather news. ❋ Unknown (2009)

When clouds settle on the tops of mountains, they indicate hard weather; and when the tops of mountains are clear, it is a sign of fair weather* ❋ Joseph Taylor, John Claridge (1812)

The term weather refers to the short term changes in the physical characteristics of the troposphere. ❋ Unknown (2008)

Right now, the weather is superatmospheric and therefore, in a sense, supermeteorological (can you really call it weather?) ❋ Kisobel (2003)

When we remind our young readers that the thermometer in England seldom falls so low as zero, except in what we term weather of the utmost severity, they may imagine — or, rather, they may try to imagine — what 75 degrees _below_ zero must have been. ❋ Unknown (1859)

When we remind our young readers that the thermometer in England seldom falls so low as zero, except in what we term weather of the utmost severity, they may imagine — or rather, they may try to imagine — what 75° _below_ zero must have been. ❋ Unknown (1859)

«Climate encompasses the temperatures, humidity, rainfall, atmospheric particle count and numerous other meteorological factors in a given region over long periods of time, as opposed to the term weather, which refers to current activity.» ❋ Unknown (2009)

Of course, the weather is almost identical, but I knew that. ❋ Unknown (2009)

Yup, I can hear the echoes of it now, underneath the sounds of a squadron of pigs flying: «Uh, don’t assume that many people will come out and buy tickets, you know the weather is always dicey in Portland until July.» ❋ Unknown (2009)

I have lived here for 14 years and have never heard that the weather is as good on the south side as it is on the north side. ❋ Unknown (2009)

Of course it helps that the weather is almost always sunny and dry and there is ample public parking nearby. ❋ Unknown (2009)

Tim: «[How’s the weather]?»
[Jerry]: «You know, [sunny]!» ❋ Jamie Douglas (2006)

The night before, near Abu [Gharib] (Iraq), it went from the usual [dead calm] to a pretty stout 20 knot blow from the West. That night it rained pretty heavy, and the whole next day was pretty windy. Other than that there’s been essentially no weather.
-e-mail log from [Prometheus] Towers/Berg
Any weather up there? ❋ Luke D Lorenz (2004)

«[bloomin’] rain, it’s so miserable out there»
«it’s [baking] today, can’t stand it when it’s this hot»
…[no-one cares].weather ❋ Dr.Nathan Harding (2010)

Bob: The weather is nice today, [isn’t it]?
John: Yes, it is.
Bob: …
John: …
([awkward silence])
Bob: So how are [the kids]? ❋ Oracle Almighty (2010)

[Dude], [did you] see [Heather], she has really weathered. ❋ Citizendc (2008)

Sam and his friends are about to go [outdoors], but he hasn’t finished getting himself ready clothing-wise.
Sam to his friends: «[Hold on] guys… I still need to [weatherize]!» ❋ Supernova4 (2011)

[Yo mamma’s] face is real weathered because she’s been [outside] [too much] ❋ Rokhsanna (2005)

You seriously need an example for [weather]? [Look out] the fucking window you [dumb-fuck] ❋ Hentai_Harry_ (2017)

«How ya [getting on], this weather«… or… » I [could do] with [a girlfriend] this weather» ❋ DaveBigWave (2017)

She had [a lot] to [drink] last night, she was [weathered]. ❋ Weathered, Weath (2009)

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