What does the word performance means

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A performance is an act of staging or presenting a play, concert, or other form of entertainment. It is also defined as the action or process of carrying out or accomplishing an action, task, or function. [1]

Management science[edit]

In the work place, job performance is the hypothesized conception or requirements of a role. There are two types of job performances: contextual and task. Task performance is dependent on cognitive ability, while contextual performance is dependent on personality.[2] Task performance relates to behavioral roles that are recognized in job descriptions and remuneration systems. They are directly related to organizational performance, whereas contextual performances are value-based and add additional behavioral roles that are not recognized in job descriptions and covered by compensation; these are extra roles that are indirectly related to organizational performance.[3] Citizenship performance, like contextual performance, relates to a set of individual activity/contribution (prosocial organizational behavior) that supports organizational culture.[4][5]

Arts[edit]

In performing arts, a performance generally comprises an event in which a performer, or group of performers, present one or more works of art to an audience. In instrumental music and drama, a performance is typically described as a «play».[6] Typically, the performers participate in rehearsals beforehand to practice the work.

An effective performance is determined by the achieved skills and competency of the performer, also known as the level of skill and knowledge. In 1994, Spencer and McClelland defined competency as «a combination of motives, traits, self-concepts, attitudes, cognitive behavior skills (content knowledge) that helps a performer to differentiate themselves as superior from the average performer».[7] A performance also describes the way in which an actor performs. In a solo capacity, it may also refer to a mime artist, comedian, conjurer, magician, or other entertainer.

Aspects of performance art[edit]

Another aspect of performance that grew in popularity in the early 20th century is performance art. The origins of Performance art started with Dada and Russian constructivism groups, focusing on avant-garde poetry readings and live paintings meant to be viewed by an audience. It can be scripted or completely improvised and includes audience participation if desired.[8]

The emergence of abstract expressionism in the 1950s with Jackson Pollock and Willem de Kooning gave way to action painting, a technique that emphasized the dynamic movements of artists as they splattered paint and other media on canvas or glass. For these artists, the motion of putting paint on canvas was just as valuable as the finished painting, and so it was common for artists to document their work in film; such as the short film Jackson Pollock 51(1951), featuring Pollock dripping paint onto a massive canvas on his studio floor.[9] Situationists in France, led by Guy Debord, married avant-garde art with revolutionary politics to incite everyday acts of anarchy. The «Naked City Map» (1957) fragments the 19 sections of Paris, featuring the technique of détournement and abstraction of the traditional environment, deconstructing the geometry and order of a typical city map.[10]

At the New School for Social Research in New York, John Cage and Allan Kaprow became involved in developing happening performance art. These carefully scripted one-off events incorporated the audience into acts of chaos and spontaneity. These happenings challenged traditional art conventions and encouraged artists to carefully consider the role of an audience.[11] In Japan, the 1954 Gutai group led by Yoshihara Jiro, Kanayma Akira, Murakami Saburo, Kazuo Shiraga, and Shimamoto Shozo made the materials of art-making come to life with body movement and blurring the line between art and theater. Kazuo Shiraga’s Challenging Mud (1955) is a performance of the artist rolling and moving in mud, using their body as the art-making tool, and emphasizing the temporary nature of performance art.

Valie Export, an Austrian artist born Waltraud Lehner, performed «Tap and Touch Cinema» in 1968. She walked around the streets in Vienna during a film festival wearing a styrofoam box with a curtain over her chest. Bystanders were asked to put their hands inside the box and touch her bare chest. This commentary on women sexualization in film focused on the sense of touch rather than sight.[12] Adrian Piper and her performance Catalysis III (1970) featured the artist walking down New York City streets with her outfit painted white and a sign across her chest that said «wet paint.» She was interested in the invisible social and racial dynamics in America and was determined to encourage civic-mindedness and interruption of the system.[13][14] Carolee Schneemann, American artist, performed Interior Scroll in 1975, where she unrolls Super-8 film «Kitsch’s Last Meal» from her genitals. This nude performance contributes to a discourse on femininity, sexualization, and film.

Performance state[edit]

Williams and Krane define the characteristics of an ideal performance state:[15]

  • Absence of fear
  • Not thinking about the performance
  • Adaptive focus on the activity
  • A sense of effortlessness and belief in confidence or self-efficacy
  • A sense of personal control
  • A distortion of time and space where time does not affect the activity

Other related factors are: motivation to achieve success or avoid failure, task relevant attention, positive self-talk, and cognitive regulation to achieve automaticity. Performance is also dependent on adaptation of eight areas: Handling crisis, managing stress, creative problem solving, knowing necessary functional tools and skills, agile management of complex processes, interpersonal adaptability, cultural adaptability, and physical fitness.[16] Performance is not always a result of practice, but rather about honing in a skill. Over practicing itself can result in failure due to ego depletion.[17]

According to Andranik Tangian, the best results are achieved when spontaneity and even improvisation are backed up by rational elements that arrange means of expression in a certain structure, supporting the communication (not just verbal) with the audience.[18][19]

Stage fright[edit]

Theatrical performances, especially when the audience is limited to only a few observers, can lead to significant increases in the performer’s heart rate. This increase takes place in several stages relative to the performance itself, including anticipatory activation (one minute before the start of subject’s speaking role), confrontation activation (during the subject’s speaking role, at which point their heart rate peaks) and release period (one minute after the conclusion of the subject’s speech).[20] The same physiological reactions can be experienced in other mediums such as instrumental performance. When experiments were conducted to determine whether there was a correlation between audience size and heart rate (an indicator of anxiety) of instrumental performers, the researcher’s findings ran contrary to previous studies, showing a positive correlation rather than a negative one.[21]

Heart rate shares a strong, positive correlation with the self reported anxiety of performers.[22] Other physiological responses to public performance include perspiration, secretion of the adrenal glands, and increased blood pressure.[23]

See also[edit]

  • Ballet
  • Choral music
  • Circus
  • Entertainment
  • Executive functions
  • Opera (operetta)
  • Performativity
  • Performance art (poetry · storytelling · dance)
  • Performance management
  • Performance science
  • Recital
  • Stadium
  • Stagecraft
  • Theater (Play · participatory theatre)

References[edit]

  1. ^ «Definition of performance | Dictionary.com». www.dictionary.com. Retrieved 2020-10-15.
  2. ^ Ivan T. Robertson; Cary L. Cooper (12 January 2015). Personnel Psychology and Human Resources Management: A Reader for Students and Practitioners. Wiley. pp. 24+. ISBN 978-1-119-09060-1.
  3. ^ Paul R. Martin (1 March 2011). IAAP Handbook of Applied Psychology. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 240+. ISBN 978-1-4443-9514-3.
  4. ^ Winston Bennett; Charles E. Lance; David J. Woehr (2014). Performance Measurement: Current Perspectives and Future Challenges. Psychology Press. pp. 115–116. ISBN 978-1-317-82454-1.
  5. ^ Sonnentag, S & Frese, M. (2009). Dynamic Performance. In S.W.J Kozlowski (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology
  6. ^ Andreas Dorschel, Music as Play. In: Paulo de Assis (ed.), Virtual Works – Actual Things: Essays in Musical Ontology. Leuven University Press, Leuven 2018 (Orpheus Institute Series), pp. 115–133. pdf online
  7. ^ Shippmann, Jeffery S.; Ash, Ronald A.; Batjtsta, Mariangela; Carr, Linda; Eyde, Lorraine D.; Hesketh, Beryl; Kehoe, Jerry; Pearlman, Kenneth; Prien, Erich P.; Sanchez, Juan I. (2000). «The Practice of Competency Modeling». Personnel Psychology. 53 (3): 703–740. doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2000.tb00220.x. ISSN 0031-5826.
  8. ^ kelseymt (2015-09-07). «Adrian Piper: Performances and Activism». More Than Three Women Artists. Retrieved 2019-11-24.
  9. ^ «Jackson Pollock 51: Short Film Captures the Painter Creating Abstract Expressionist Art». Open Culture. Retrieved 2019-11-21.
  10. ^ «The Naked City». homepages.phonecoop.coop. Retrieved 2019-11-21.
  11. ^ Cain, Abigail (2016-03-12). «A Brief History Of «Happenings» and Their Impact on Art». Artsy. Retrieved 2019-11-21.
  12. ^ «VALIE EXPORT Art, Bio, Ideas». The Art Story. Retrieved 2019-11-24.
  13. ^ kelseymt (2015-09-07). «Adrian Piper: Performances and Activism». More Than Three Women Artists. Retrieved 2019-11-24.
  14. ^ Smith, Terry (September 2011). «Currents of world-making in contemporary art». World Art. 1 (2): 171–188. doi:10.1080/21500894.2011.602712. ISSN 2150-0894. S2CID 191639109.
  15. ^ Haff , G. Gregory; Triplett , N. Travis (2015). Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning (4th ed.). Human Kinetics. pp. 156–57. ISBN 978-1-4925-0162-6.
  16. ^ Frank J. Landy; Jeffrey M. Conte (2010). Work in the 21st Century: An Introduction to Industrial and Organizational Psychology. John Wiley & Sons. p. 193. ISBN 978-1-4051-9025-1.
  17. ^ Smith, Jessi L.; Hardy, Tiffany; Arkin, Robert (2009). «When practice doesn’t make perfect: Effort expenditure as an active behavioral self-handicapping strategy». Journal of Research in Personality. 43: 95–98. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2008.10.004.
  18. ^ Tangian, Andranik (1997). «Performance interpretation by segmentation and its notation». Contemporary Theatre Review. 6 (4): 79–97. doi:10.1080/10486809708568438.
  19. ^ Tangian, Andranik (1999). «Towards a generative theory of interpretation for performance modeling». Musicae Scientiae. 3 (2): 237–267. doi:10.1177/102986499900300205. S2CID 145716284.
  20. ^ Baldwin, Sandra (1980). «Effect of Speakers’ Sex and Size of Audience on Heart-Rate Changes During Short Impromptu Speeches». Psychological Reports. 46 (1): 123–130. doi:10.2466/pr0.1980.46.1.123. PMID 7367532. S2CID 20025236.
  21. ^ Studer, Regina (2014). «Psychophysiological Activation During Preparation, Performance, and Recovery in High- and Low-Anxious Music Students» (PDF). Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback. 39 (1): 45–57. doi:10.1007/s10484-014-9240-2. PMID 24477850. S2CID 43418025.
  22. ^ Maclntyre, Valerie (2010). «Heart Rate Variability as a Predictor of Speaking Anxiety». Communication Research Reports. 27 (4): 286–297. doi:10.1080/08824096.2010.496323. S2CID 55686972.
  23. ^ Brutten, Eugene (1963). «A Palmer Sweat Investigation of the Effect of Audience Variation Upon Stage Fright». Speech Monographs. 30 (2): 92–96. doi:10.1080/03637756309375363.

Additional reading[edit]

  • Bell, B.S., & Kozlowski, S.W.J. (2008). Active learning: Effects of core training design elements on self regulatory processes, learning, and adaptability. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93, 296–316.
  • Fadde, P.J., & Klein, G.A. (2010). Deliberate performance: Accelerating expertise in natural settings. Performance Improvement, 49, 5-15.
  • Freeman, S., Eddy, S., McDounough, M. et al. (2014). Active learning increases student performance in science, engineering, and mathematics. PNAS, 111, 8410–8414.
  • Gagne, R.M. (1962). Military training and principles of learning. American psychologist, 17, 83–91.
  • Lohman, M. (2002). Cultivating problem solving skills through problem based approaches to professional development. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 13, 243–256.
  • Meyer, R. (2002). Problem solving skills through problem based approaches to professional development. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 13, 263–270.
  • Noordzu, G., Hooft, E., Mierlo, H. et al. (2013). The effects of a learning-goal orientation training on self-regulation: A field experiment among unemployed job seekers. Personnel Psychology, 66, 723–755.
Источник

производительность, исполнение, эффективность, выполнение, деятельность

существительное ↓

- выполнение, исполнение

in the performance of a task [of an experiment] — при решении задачи [при проведении опыта] 
to be faithful in the performance of one’s duty — честно выполнять свои обязанности 
specific performance — юр. исполнение (обязательства) в натуре; реальное исполнение 

- исполнение, выступление, концерт

musical performance — концерт 

- игра, исполнение (роли и т. п.)

best performance — лучшее исполнение 
a very creditable performance — очень хорошее исполнение 
public performance — публичное исполнение [выступление] 
the play has had a run of one hundred performances — пьеса шла сто раз 
to give a performance — а) исполнять; to give a performance of an oratorio 
without the least air of giving a performance — без всякой рисовки; нисколько не рисуясь 

- представление, спектакль

first performance — первое представление, премьера 
farewell performance — прощальное выступление, прощальный спектакль 
evening [afternoon] performance — вечерний [дневной] спектакль 
no performance tonight — сегодня спектакля нет 

- мед. деятельность

cardiac performance — деятельность сердца 

- действие, поступок; поведение

to be modest about one’s own performances — не хвалиться своими поступками 
to put up a good performance — хорошо вести /проявлять/ себя 
to give a performance as — действовать в качестве (кого-л.) 
he gives a pleasant performance as a teacher — как преподаватель он производит приятное впечатление 
I was shocked at his performance in the restaurant — я был возмущён его поведением в ресторане 
the address for the defence was an excellent performance — защитник выступил прекрасно 
even some of her own Cabinet members are beginning to grumble about her performance — даже некоторые члены её собственного кабинета начинают выражать недовольство её действиями 

- характеристика работы машины; эксплуатационные качества
- трюки, фокусы

the conjurer’s performance kept the children spell-bound — дети как зачарованные смотрели на фокусы 

- лингв. реальное исполнение; практическое применение языковых законов; речь
- киносеанс

continuance performance — показ кинофильма без перерыва между сеансами ; показ кинофильма без перерыва  

- разг. возня, волокита

it’s too much of a performance to cook this dish — готовить это блюдо 

- разг. безобразие

what a performance! — какое безобразие! 

- работа (машины)
- интенсивность труда, работы
- pl. воен. тактико-технические данные
- pl. ав. лётные качества

Мои примеры

Словосочетания

an increased level of performance — повышенный уровень производительности  
a nervy performance in the play-offs — смелая игра в матчах на выбывание  
a real stinker of a performance — не выступление, а какая-то гадость  
listless performance — вялое исполнение  
uneven performance — неровное исполнение, с погрешностями  
performance for performance — одновременное исполнение  
a solo performance — сольное выступление  
network performance — производительность сети  
performance-based model — модель на основе анализа выполняемых операций  
performance bond — гарантия выполнения контракта  
negative performance — несовершение действия  
performance period — период работы  

Примеры с переводом

When is the next performance? 

Когда будет следующее представление?

His performance was outstanding. 

Его выступление было выдающимся.

A new performance scored a great success. 

Новая постановка имела большой успех.

This evening’s performance will start at 8 o’clock. 

Сегодняшнее выступление начнётся в восемь часов вечера.

He flubbed the performance. 

Он провалил представление.

The performance was spotty. 

Выступление было неровным.

To reward high performance, use bonuses. 

Чтобы должным образом вознаградить высокие результаты работы, используйте премии.

ещё 23 примера свернуть

Примеры, ожидающие перевода

Managers should set specific performance objectives for their teams.  

…his performance as a pitcher is as calculable as the daily tides…  

His performance in the film was a caricature of a hard-boiled detective.  

Для того чтобы добавить вариант перевода, кликните по иконке ☰, напротив примера.

Формы слова

noun
ед. ч.(singular): performance
мн. ч.(plural): performances

Источник

What do we mean by performance?

The act of performing or the state of being performed. noun

The act or style of performing a work or role before an audience. noun

The way in which someone or something functions. noun

A presentation, especially a theatrical one, before an audience. noun

Something performed; an accomplishment. noun

One’s actual use of language in actual situations. noun

The act of performing or the condition of being performed; execution or completion of anything; a doing: as, the performance of works or of an undertaking; the performance of duty. noun

That which is performed or accomplished; action; deed; thing done; a piece of work. noun

A musical, dramatic, or other entertainment; the acting of a play, execution of vocal or instrumental music, exhibition of skill, etc., especially at a place of amusement. noun

Synonyms Accomplishment, achievement, consummation. See perform. noun

Exploit, feat. noun

Production. noun

The act of performing; the carrying into execution or action; execution; achievement; accomplishment; representation by action. noun

That which is performed or accomplished; a thing done or carried through; an achievement; a deed; an act; a feat; esp., an action of an elaborate or public character. noun

The act of performing; carrying into execution or action; execution; achievement; accomplishment; representation by action; as, the performance of an undertaking of a duty. noun

That which is performed or accomplished; a thing done or carried through; an achievement; a deed; an act; a feat; especially, an action of an elaborate or public character. noun

A live show or concert. noun

The amount of useful work accomplished by a computer system compared to the time and resources used. Better Performance means more work accomplished in shorter time and/or using less resources noun

The act of presenting a play or a piece of music or other entertainment noun

Any recognized accomplishment noun

The act of performing; carrying into execution or action; execution; achievement; accomplishment; representation by action.

That which is performed or accomplished; a thing done or carried through; an achievement; a deed; an act; a feat; especially, an action of an elaborate or public character.

A live show or concert.

The amount of useful work accomplished estimated in terms of time needed, resources used, etc.

The actual use of language in concrete situations by native speakers of a language, as opposed to the system of linguistic knowledge they possess (competence), cf. :w:linguistic performance.

A showcase of talent to an audience. The one thing that sums up all the hard work, time, and thought put into a work of beauty & art. It’s a breathtaking and nerve-racking experience that only some have the chance to do. Urban Dictionary

A concise expression meaning «of adequate performance» without stretching to «high-performance» (especially since High Performance Computing has a specific meaning of its own). Unfortunately, in the modern language of hyperbole, terms like «adequate» and «acceptable» have negative connotations along the lines of «not really good enough but better than nothing». So, we, as an industry, have invented a jargon word «performant» to express the idea that a thing has a level of performance sufficient that you don’t need to worry about it and can look for optimisations elsewhere in your system. Urban Dictionary

Something that has adequate or better performance. Combination of «Performance» and «Conformant». Commonly used by Microsofties but not a real word. Urban Dictionary

Term for someone in the entertainment industry that people will pay to go see or watch on the screen, despite the fact that said person can’t really sing, play music, act or do anything else noteworthy. Because they don’t really sing, perform music or act, they can’t legitimately be called singers, musicians or actors. ‘Performer’ is a nice catch-all term for such people that doesn’t demean others in the entertainment business with actual ability.
Note that the mere fact that performers have no particular ability doesn’t mean they can’t make plenty of money doing whatever it is that they do. The one ability that performers generally have is marketability. And as countless examples have shown, the ability to be marketed (and to market one’s self) is far more important than musical or acting talent anyway. Urban Dictionary

Describes whether or not a system will perform under load.
Usage first appeared in magazine publishing industry.
Possibly made up by one of my system architects. Urban Dictionary

To do something deliberately, flamboyantly and melodramatically in a social setting, solely for the attention you believe it will garner for you. Urban Dictionary

Really good head. Urban Dictionary

To do exactly what is the absolute best thing to do at the present moment in particular… Perfectly Executed Competence, Whether its minor or major… Or Past or Future situations… To put on… Put in work… Earn street credibility, Reliable, Clutch, Finesse, Swift…. Making the best of any and/or every opportunity…. Make a big drug sale… Complete a come up…. Getting a large amount of money… Paying Bills on time… Getting Rich… Getting richer… Gaining wealth… Can also be used to describe a victorious violent act or robbery… Winning a fight, Pop the bottle Pop off…. Match the energy of someone bringing violence or disrespect your way or your family/loved ones way…. To win….. Urban Dictionary

Term for someone in the entertainment industry that people pay to go see or watch on the screen, despite the fact that said person can’t really sing, play music, act, or do anything else noteworthy. Because they don’t really sing, perform music or act, they can’t legitimately be called singers, musicians or actors. Performer is a nice catch-all term for them that doesn’t demean other people in the entertainment business with actual ability.
Note that the fact that performers have no particular ability doesn’t meant that they can’t make plenty of money doing whatever it is they do! The one ability performers generally have is marketability. And as countless examples have shown, the ability to be marketed (and to market one’s self) is far more important and valuable than musical or acting talent anyway. Urban Dictionary

When someone uses a “woke” cause to ensure their social media following knows that they care… when actually, all they care about is their influencer status and the amount of like they’ll get. Urban Dictionary

Источник

1a : the execution of an action. b : something accomplished : deed, feat. 2 : the fulfillment of a claim, promise, or request : implementation. 3a : the action of representing a character in a play.

What is the meaning of performance in Oxford dictionary?

noun. noun. /pərˈfɔrməns/ 1[countable] the act of performing a play, concert, or some other form of entertainment The performance starts at seven.

What is an example of performance?

An example of performance is what is improved on an assembly line when a machine is repaired. Performance is defined as acting, singing, playing an instrument or otherwise showing a craft to a group of people. An example of performance is a symphony playing at a town hall.

What is a good word for performance?

synonyms for performance

  • achievement.
  • act.
  • conduct.
  • work.
  • completion.
  • consummation.
  • enforcement.
  • fruition.

Do we say performances?

The noun performance can be countable or uncountable. In more general, commonly used, contexts, the plural form will also be performance. However, in more specific contexts, the plural form can also be performances e.g. in reference to various types of performances or a collection of performances.

What is the root word of performance?

performance (n.) late 15c., “accomplishment, completion” (of something), from perform + -ance. Meaning “that which is accomplished, a thing performed” is from 1590s; that of “action of performing a play, etc.” is from 1610s; that of “a public entertainment” is from 1709.

What is the verb form of performance?

perform. To do something; to execute. To do something in front of an audience, often in order to entertain it.

What should you not say in a performance review?

Avoid using words like “always” and “never” in employee appraisals. Employees rarely “always” or “never” do something, whether it is positive or negative. Using extremes can leave you open to employees who want to argue and prove that they did what you accused them of “never” doing.

What is excellent performance?

An excellent performer is someone who implements the best solution for the correct requirement. Performance is not measured only by the quality and speed, but also by how well is your understanding of the need, and about your impact on the requirement’s correctness.

How do you say strong performance?

strong performance > synonyms »excellent results exp. »good acting exp. »high levels of growth exp. »very good results exp.

How do you make a good performance?

10 Ways You Can Improve Your Work Performance Today:

  1. Set clear milestones.
  2. Plan and prioritize.
  3. Plan your meetings well.
  4. Communicate better.
  5. Conquer difficult tasks first.
  6. Don’t lose focus (eliminate interruptions)
  7. Acknowledge your strengths and weaknesses.
  8. Be aware of your limitations.

What does it performance really mean?

In the context of performance management, the term “performance” means continually achieving the preferred results in a manner that is as effective and efficient as possible. Performance management reminds us that being busy is not the same as producing results.

What does the word performance mean?

Definition of performance. 1a : the execution of an action. b : something accomplished : deed, feat. 2 : the fulfillment of a claim, promise, or request : implementation. 3a : the action of representing a character in a play. b : a public presentation or exhibition a benefit performance.

What is the meaning of performance?

performance – a dramatic or musical entertainment; “they listened to ten different performances”; “the play ran for 100 performances”; “the frequent performances of the symphony testify to its popularity”. public presentation.

What does performance and enhancing mean?

Performance enhancement means mentally improving upon the way you currently perform. It doesn’t necessarily mean that you are doing something wrong or performing inappropriately. It means that you’d like to increase your knowledge and skills to improve what you currently do.

Источник

English[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • performaunce (obsolete)

Etymology[edit]

From Middle English parfourmaunce; equivalent to perform +‎ -ance.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • enPR: pər-fôrʹ-məns, IPA(key): /pəɹ.ˈfɔɹ.məns/
    • (UK) IPA(key): [pə.ˈfɔː.məns]
    • (US) IPA(key): [pɚ.ˈfɔɹ.məns]
  • Hyphenation: per‧for‧mance

Noun[edit]

performance (countable and uncountable, plural performances)

  1. The act of performing; carrying into execution or action; execution; achievement; accomplishment; representation by action.

    the performance of an undertaking or a duty

    Though the result wasn’t what we were hoping for, I have to commend the performance of the team, never giving up until the end.

    • 1959, Georgette Heyer, chapter 1, in The Unknown Ajax:

      Charles had not been employed above six months at Darracott Place, but he was not such a whopstraw as to make the least noise in the performance of his duties when his lordship was out of humour.

  2. That which is performed or accomplished; a thing done or carried through; an achievement; a deed; an act; a feat; especially, an action of an elaborate or public character.
  3. (art) A live show or concert.

    The band played a mix of old and new songs during their 90-minute performance.

    We saw the whole ballet performance from the front row.

  4. The amount of useful work accomplished estimated in terms of time needed, resources used, etc.

    Better performance means more work accomplished in shorter time and/or using fewer resources.

  5. (linguistics) The actual use of language in concrete situations by native speakers of a language, as opposed to the system of linguistic knowledge they possess (competence), cf. linguistic performance.

Usage notes[edit]

  • Adjectives often applied to «performance»: high, poor, improved, superior, excellent, good, peak, top, optimal, low, economic, academic, financial, musical, human, environmental, vocal, cognitive, dynamic, organizational, historical, physical, social, mechanical, electrical, mental, macroeconomic.

Hyponyms[edit]

  • command performance
  • concert
  • movie
  • play
  • show

Derived terms[edit]

  • high-performance
  • low-performance
  • performance art

[edit]

  • performant

Descendants[edit]

  • → Albanian: performancë
  • → Catalan: performance
  • → Danish: performance
  • → French: performance
    • → Turkish: performans
  • → German: Performance
  • → Italian: performance
  • → Japanese: パフォーマンス (pafōmansu)
  • → Portuguese: performance
  • → Spanish: performance
  • → Swedish: performance

Translations[edit]

the act of performing; carrying into execution or action; accomplishment

  • Albanian: performancë
  • Arabic: أَدَاء‎ m (ʔadāʔ)
  • Belarusian: выкана́нне n (vykanánnje), выпаўне́нне n (vypaŭnjénnje)
  • Bulgarian: изпълне́ние (bg) n (izpǎlnénie), извъ́ршване (bg) n (izvǎ́ršvane)
  • Catalan: actuació (ca) f, execució (ca) f
  • Esperanto: prezentado
  • Finnish: suoritus (fi)
  • French: exécution (fr) f, performance (fr) f
  • Georgian: შესრულება (šesruleba), სისრულეში მოყვანა (sisruleši moq̇vana), განხორციელება (ganxorcieleba), მოქმედება (mokmedeba), აღსრულება (aɣsruleba)
  • German: Durchführung (de) f, Leistung (de) f
  • Greek: συμπεριφορά (el) f (symperiforá)
  • Hungarian: teljesítés (hu), elvégzés (hu), véghez vitel
  • Italian: esecuzione (it) f, prestazione (it) f
  • Latin: functiō f, exsecūtiō f
  • Polish: wykonanie (pl) n
  • Portuguese: desempenho (pt)
  • Romanian: performanță (ro) f, randament (ro) n, îndeplinire (ro) f, desăvârșire (ro) f
  • Russian: выполне́ние (ru) n (vypolnénije), исполне́ние (ru) n (ispolnénije)
  • Spanish: actuación (es) f, cumplimiento (es) m, ejecución (es) f, desempeño (es) m
  • Swedish: utförande (sv), verkställande (sv)
  • Turkish: performans (tr)
  • Ukrainian: викона́ння n (vykonánnja)

that which is performed or accomplished

  • Bulgarian: де́йствие (bg) n (déjstvie), постъ́пка (bg) f (postǎ́pka)
  • Catalan: please add this translation if you can
  • Finnish: suoritus (fi), saavutus (fi)
  • French: exécution (fr) f, performance (fr) f
  • German: Leistung (de) f
  • Greek: απόδοση (el) (apódosi)
  • Hungarian: teljesítmény (hu), (informal) nagy dolog
  • Italian: prestazione (it) f, rendimento (it) m
  • Portuguese: desempenho (pt)
  • Romanian: realizare (ro) f, realizări f pl, performanță (ro) f, prestație (ro) f
  • Russian: де́йствие (ru) n (déjstvije), посту́пок (ru) m (postúpok)
  • Spanish: realización (es) f, ejecución (es) f, rendimiento (es) m, prestación (es) f, ejecución (es), desempeño (es)

live show or concert

  • Albanian: performancë
  • Arabic: مَسْرَحِيَّة‎ f (masraḥiyya)
  • Armenian: ներկայացում (hy) (nerkayacʿum)
  • Belarusian: прадстаўле́нне n (pradstaŭljénnje), выступле́нне n (vystupljénnje)
  • Bulgarian: представле́ние (bg) n (predstavlénie)
  • Catalan: representació (ca) f
  • Chinese:
    Mandarin: 表演 (zh) (biǎoyǎn)
  • Czech: představení (cs) n
  • Dutch: opvoering (nl) f
  • Esperanto: prezentado
  • Estonian: etendus
  • Finnish: esitys (fi), esiintyminen (fi), näytäntö (fi), näytös (fi)
  • French: représentation (fr) f, prestation (fr) f
  • Georgian: შესრულება (šesruleba), წარმოდგენა (c̣armodgena), პერფორმანსი (ṗerpormansi) (colloquial)
  • German: Aufführung (de) f, Auftritt (de) m, Performance (de) f
  • Greek: παράσταση (el) f (parástasi)
    Ancient Greek: θέα f (théa)
  • Hebrew: הַצָּגָה‎ (he) f (hatsagá)
  • Hungarian: előadás (hu)
  • Italian: prestazione (it) f, esibizione (it) f
  • Japanese: 演奏 (ja) (えんそう, ensō), 公演 (ja) (こうえん, kōen)
  • Korean: 공연(公演) (ko) (gong’yeon), 연주(演奏) (ko) (yeonju)
  • Macedonian: изведба f (izvedba), претстава f (pretstava), настап m (nastap)
  • Malay: persembahan
  • Norwegian: forestilling (no) m or f, opptreden m, fremføring m or f
  • Polish: występ (pl) m, przedstawienie (pl) n
  • Portuguese: apresentação (pt) f
  • Russian: выступле́ние (ru) n (vystuplénije), представле́ние (ru) n (predstavlénije), перфо́рманс (ru) m (perfórmans)
  • Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic: на́ступ m
    Roman: nástup (sh) m
  • Slovak: predstavenie n
  • Spanish: actuación (es) f, número (es) m, espectáculo (es) m, representación (es) f, prestación (es) f, exhibición (es) f
  • Swedish: uppträdande (sv) n, föreställning (sv), framträdande (sv) n
  • Turkish: performans (tr)
  • Ukrainian: ви́ступ m (výstup), виста́ва f (vystáva)

amount of useful work accomplished

  • Belarusian: прадукцы́йнасць f (pradukcýjnascʹ)
  • Bulgarian: производи́телност (bg) f (proizvodítelnost)
  • Catalan: rendiment (ca) m
  • Czech: výkonnost f
  • Finnish: suorituskyky (fi)
  • French: performance (fr) f
  • Georgian: მწარმოებლურობა (mc̣armoebluroba), ქმედუნარიანობა (kmedunarianoba), მუშაობა (mušaoba), შესრულება (šesruleba), წარმადობა (c̣armadoba)
  • German: Leistung (de) f, Arbeitsleistung f
  • Greek: βελτιστοποίηση (el) f (veltistopoíisi)
  • Hungarian: teljesítmény (hu)
  • Macedonian: перформанса f (performansa)
  • Polish: produktywność (pl) f
  • Portuguese: desempenho (pt) m, performance (pt) f
  • Russian: производи́тельность (ru) f (proizvodítelʹnostʹ), продукти́вность (ru) f (produktívnostʹ)
  • Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic: перформа̀нса f
    Roman: performànsa (sh) f
  • Spanish: rendimiento (es) m, desempeño (es) m, prestación (es) f
  • Swedish: prestanda (sv)
  • Ukrainian: викона́ння n (vykonánnja), швидкоді́я f (švydkodíja), продукти́вність f (produktývnistʹ)

References[edit]

  • performance at OneLook Dictionary Search
  • performance in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
  • “performance”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

Catalan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From English performance.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /perˈfɔrməns/[1]

Noun[edit]

performance f (plural performances)

  1. performance (a live show or concert)

References[edit]

  1. ^ «performance» at ésAdir

Further reading[edit]

  • “performance”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023

French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from English performance.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /pɛʁ.fɔʁ.mɑ̃s/
  • Rhymes: -ɑ̃s

Noun[edit]

performance f (plural performances)

  1. (sports) performance

Descendants[edit]

  • → Turkish: performans

Further reading[edit]

  • “performance”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Italian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from English performance.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /perˈfɔr.mans/[1]
  • Rhymes: -ɔrmans

Noun[edit]

performance f (invariable)

  1. performance

Synonyms[edit]

  • (the act of performing) esecuzione
  • (accomplishment) prestazione, rendimento
  • (show) esibizione

References[edit]

  1. ^ performance in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Further reading[edit]

  • performance in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana

Portuguese[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • perfórmance (uncommon)

Etymology[edit]

Unadapted borrowing from English performance.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /peʁˈfɔʁ.mɐ̃.si/ [pehˈfɔɦ.mɐ̃.si]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /peɾˈfɔɾ.mɐ̃.si/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /peʁˈfɔʁ.mɐ̃.si/ [peχˈfɔʁ.mɐ̃.si]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /peɻˈfɔɻ.mɐ̃.se/
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /pɨɾˈfɔɾ.mɐ̃.s(ɨ)/, /pɛɾˈfɔɾ.mɐ̃.s(ɨ)/

Noun[edit]

performance f (plural performances)

  1. performance (amount of useful work accomplished by someone or something)
    Synonym: desempenho

Further reading[edit]

  • “performance” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Unadapted borrowing from English performance.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /peɾˈfoɾmans/ [peɾˈfoɾ.mãns]
    • Rhymes: -oɾmans
  • IPA(key): (sometimes) /ˈpeɾfoɾmans/ [ˈpeɾ.foɾ.mãns]
    • Rhymes: -eɾfoɾmans

Noun[edit]

performance f (plural performances)

  1. performance art
  2. performance (amount of useful work accomplished)

Usage notes[edit]

According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

Further reading[edit]

  • “performance”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
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