What does the word column mean

What do we mean by column?

A vertical structure usually consisting of a base, a cylindrical shaft, and a capital, used as a support or standing alone as a monument. noun

Any slender vertical support, as of steel or reinforced concrete. noun

Something resembling an architectural column in form or function. noun

One of two or more vertical sections of text lying side by side in a document and separated by a rule or a blank space. noun

An arrangement of numbers in a single vertical line. noun

A feature article that appears regularly in a publication, such as a newspaper. noun

A formation, as of troops or vehicles, in which all elements follow one behind the other. noun

A columnlike structure, especially one formed by the union of a stamen and the style in an orchid flower, or one formed by the united staminal filaments in flowers such as those of the hibiscus or mallow. noun

Any of various tubular or pillarlike supporting structures in the body, each generally having a single tissue origin and function. noun

A solid body of greater length than thickness, standing upright, and generally serving as a support to something resting on its top; a pillar; more specifically, as an architectural term, a cylindrical or slightly tapering or fusiform body, called a shaft, set vertically on a stylobate, or on a congeries of moldings which forms its base, and surmounted by a spreading mass which forms its capital. noun

Anything resembling a column in shape; any body pressing perpendicularly on its base, and throughout of the same or about the same diameter as its base: as, a column of water, air, or mercury. noun

In botany, a body formed by the union of filaments with one another, as in Malvaceæ, or of stamens with the style, as in orchids. See cut under androphore. noun

In anatomy and zoology, a part or organ likened to a column or pillar; a columna or columella: as, the spinal column; the fleshy columns of the heart. noun

In Crinoidea, specifically, the stalk or stem of a crinoid. noun

Milit., a formation of troops narrow in front and extended from front to rear: thus distinguished from a line, which is extended in front and thin in depth. noun

Nautical, a number of ships following one another. noun

In printing, one of the typographical divisions of printed matter in two or more vertical rows of lines. noun

Hence The contents of or the matter printed in such a column, especially in a newspaper: as, the columns of the daily press. noun

A solid upright structure designed usually to support a larger structure above it, such as a roof or horizontal beam, but sometimes for decoration.

A vertical line of entries in a table, usually read from top to bottom.

A body of troops or army vehicles, usually strung out along a road.

A body of text meant to be read line by line, especially in printed material that has multiple adjacent such on a single page.

A unit of width, especially of advertisements, in a periodical, equivalent to the width of a usual column of text.

(by extension) A recurring feature in a periodical, especially an opinion piece, especially by a single author or small rotating group of authors, or on a single theme.

Something having similar vertical form or structure to the things mentioned above, such as a spinal column.

The gynostemium

(chemistry) An object used to separate the different components of a liquid or to purify chemical compounds.

A neverending puzzle game made originally for sega’s 16bit arcade hardware and ported to the Megadrive.
Was later ported to the 8bit Master System but the less said about that the better.
Often wrongly referred to as a «tetris clone» as the gameplay is completley different — colored gems must be aligned together to destroy them and prevent them filling the screen. Columns pwns Tetris’ ass all night long
This was where the fun began, Without the arcade’s timing system constantly badgering you for money you are free to start a game of colums and forfeit the rest of the day. The haunting music in your dreams for eternity.
Eventually as the game speeds up the gems can be slowed by «dropping» them, but by this stage you aint blinked in an hour and the game seems to be playing itself any way.
More adictive than crack; A truly great game.
Is basically a metaphor for life, but I aint got time to explain
A universal excuse for not doing something. Urban Dictionary

Relating to making into columns. Urban Dictionary

The Default title of column “FU” in every Excel spreadsheet should be the name of your office a-hole. In our office, Mike is the hands down winner… Urban Dictionary

A group within a state that attempts to subvert and weaken the state in order to assist an enemy. First used during the Spanish Civil War. Urban Dictionary

A man with a large or especially long penis. Urban Dictionary

When you’re having sex and you suddenly get that hot column of air from a stanky vagina that singes the nostrils. Urban Dictionary

A stoner column is a long growth of hair from the chin not atypical of male stoners. It is basically a goatee without the mustache. Urban Dictionary

A large column comprised of turnips. Urban Dictionary

A euphemism for Admiral Horatio Nelson’s penis. Urban Dictionary

A penis. Urban Dictionary

колонка, колонна, столбец, столб, графа, столбик, стойка, строй кильватера

существительное

- архит. колонна
- столб(ик)

column of water [smoke] — столб воды [дыма]
column of mercury — ртутный столбик (в термометре)

- столбец, колонка; графа

newspaper column — газетный столбец
column of figures — столбец /колонка/ цифр
in our columns — на страницах нашей газеты

- отдел, раздел, рубрика (в газете)

financial [sports] column — финансовый [спортивный] отдел; финансовая [спортивная] страница

- обзор; колонка постоянного комментатора в газете (часто с его портретом)
- амер. столп, поддержка, опора (партии или кандидата)
- воен. колонна

close column — воен. сомкнутая колонна
column of files — колонна по одному

- колонна

absorbing column — абсорбционная колонна

- стойка (станка)
- колонка (рулевая и т. п.)
- амер. мор. строй кильватера

in column — в кильватерном строю

- анат. позвоночник, позвоночный столб

Мои примеры

Словосочетания

a Corinthian column — коринфская колонна / колонна коринфского ордена  
the Times leader column — главная колонка газеты «Таймс»  
gossip column — колонка светской хроники  
column of route — походная колонна  
along the column — по столбцу  
of one column — одностолбцовый  
column mean square — средний квадрат для столбцов  
meter of water column — метр водяного столба  
correspondence column — столбец в газете для писем в редакцию  
advertisement column — столбец, раздел объявлений в газете  
tall column — высокая колонна  
vacuum column — вакуумная колонна  

Примеры с переводом

Turn to Page 5, column 2.

Перейдём к странице 5, столбец 2.

The column was attacked from the rear.

На колонну напали с тыла.

Each column of soldiers marched away as soon as it formed.

Как только солдаты выстраивались в колонну, она тут же выступала.

He was at the head of the column.

Он был во главе колонны. / Он возглавлял колонну.

Enemy aircraft were strafing the column.

Колонну обстреливали самолёты врага.

He did not require a religion to be the column of society.

Он не требовал, чтобы религия была опорой общества.

Add up the numbers in each column.

Сложите числа в каждом столбце.

ещё 16 примеров свернуть

Примеры, ожидающие перевода

Add the first column of numbers.

He writes a weekly column for ‘The Times’.

His column is syndicated throughout America.

Для того чтобы добавить вариант перевода, кликните по иконке , напротив примера.

Возможные однокоренные слова

columned  — колоннообразный, напечатанный столбцами, столбчатый, стебельчатый
columnist  — обозреватель, журналист, фельетонист

Формы слова

noun
ед. ч.(singular): column
мн. ч.(plural): columns

Last Updated: December 14, 2021 | Author: Mary-Gossett

Contents

  • 1 What does the word column means?
  • 2 What is an example of a column?
  • 3 What does column mean in text?
  • 4 What type of word is column?
  • 5 What is column in sentence?
  • 6 What is a column in a table?
  • 7 What does column mean in social studies?
  • 8 How do you describe a column?
  • 9 What does columns mean in math?
  • 10 What is a column form?
  • 11 What is column design?
  • 12 What is a column vs row?
  • 13 How do you make a column form?
  • 14 How do you make a concrete column form?
  • 15 How do I make two columns in Contact Form 7?
  • 16 How do I create a multi column form layout in WPForms?
  • 17 How do you split a form into two columns?
  • 18 How do I use column shortcodes in WordPress?
  • 19 How do I create an inline form in Contact Form 7?
  • 20 How do you add a column to a table in HTML?
  • 21 How do I create a column in a table in HTML?
  • 22 How do I split a column in a table in HTML?
  • 23 What is column in HTML?

What does the word column means?

1 : one of two or more vertical sections of a printed page Read the article in the left column. 2 : a group of items shown one under the other down a page a column of figures. 3 : a regular feature in a newspaper or magazine a sports column. 4 : a pillar used to support a building.

What is an example of a column?

The definition of a column is a vertical arrangement of something, a regular article in a paper, magazine or website, or a structure that holds something up. An example of column is an Excel list of budget items. An example of column is a weekly recipe article.

In typography, a column is one or more vertical blocks of content positioned on a page, separated by gutters (vertical whitespace) or rules (thin lines, in this case vertical). Columns are most commonly used to break up large bodies of text that cannot fit in a single block of text on a page.

What type of word is column?

What type of word is ‘column’? Column is a noun – Word Type.

What is column in sentence?

(architeture) a tall cylindrical vertical upright and used to support a structure. 1 Add up the numbers in each column. 2 Can you add up this column of figures? 3 She writes a regular column for a national newspaper.

What is a column in a table?

In a relational database, a column is a vertical group of cells within a table. … Therefore, a blank table will contain no rows but will still contain its columns and their constraints. When you add rows (i.e. add data), they can only contain the type of data that has been defined by each column.

What does column mean in social studies?

a row, line, or file, as of people in a queue.

How do you describe a column?

A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member.

What does columns mean in math?

An arrangement of numbers, shapes or objects, one above the other. A rectangle which has length, longer than width.

What is a column form?

Symons steel Max-A-Form column forms are a heavy-duty concrete formwork system optimized for columns, piers, walls, pier caps and other heavy structures. It’s an all-steel design with a structurally welded frame which can support concrete loads over long spans.

What is column design?

A column is a very important component in a structure. … So, it is important to design strong columns. Reinforced Cement Concrete Column Plan and Section. A column is defined as a compression member, the effective length of which exceeds three times the least lateral dimension.

What is a column vs row?

What is the Difference between Rows and Columns?

Rows Columns
A row can be defined as an order in which objects are placed alongside or horizontally A column can be defined as a vertical division of objects on the basis of category
The arrangement runs from left to right The arrangement runs from top to bottom

Jul 2, 2020

How do you make a column form?

How do you make a concrete column form?

How do I make two columns in Contact Form 7?

How do I create a multi column form layout in WPForms?

WPForms includes a visual layouts tool that enables you to create multiple columns without code. To access this tool, click on any field in the builder to open its Field Options panel. Then click on the Advanced tab. Open the visual layouts tool by clicking Show Layouts next to the CSS Classes option.

How do you split a form into two columns?

In this example, we will create two equal columns:

  1. Float Example. .column { float: left; width: 50%; } /* Clear floats after the columns */ .row:after { content: “”; …
  2. Flex Example. .row { display: flex; } .column { flex: 50%; } Try it Yourself »
  3. Example. .column { float: left; } .left { width: 25%; } .right {

How do I use column shortcodes in WordPress?

How do I create an inline form in Contact Form 7?

How do you add a column to a table in HTML?

Inside the <table> element, you can use the <tr> elements to create rows, and to create columns inside a row you can use the <td> elements. You can also define a cell as a header for a group of table cells using the <th> element. The following example demonstrates the most basic structure of a table.

How do I create a column in a table in HTML?

HTML Tables are sets of data that are presented in rows and columns. To make an HTML table use the <table> element. You can use <tr> to create rows, <td> to create columns, and <th> to create table headers.

How do I split a column in a table in HTML?

You have two options.

  1. Use an extra column in the header, and use <colspan> in your header to stretch a cell for two or more columns.
  2. Insert a <table> with 2 columns inside the td you want extra columns in.

What is column in HTML?

The <col> HTML element defines a column within a table and is used for defining common semantics on all common cells. It is generally found within a <colgroup> element.

This article is about the structural construction elements that bear and transmit vertical loads (weight). For other uses, see Column (disambiguation).

A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member. The term column applies especially to a large round support (the shaft of the column) with a capital and a base or pedestal,[1] which is made of stone, or appearing to be so. A small wooden or metal support is typically called a post. Supports with a rectangular or other non-round section are usually called piers.

For the purpose of wind or earthquake engineering, columns may be designed to resist lateral forces. Other compression members are often termed «columns» because of the similar stress conditions. Columns are frequently used to support beams or arches on which the upper parts of walls or ceilings rest. In architecture, «column» refers to such a structural element that also has certain proportional and decorative features. A column might also be a decorative element not needed for structural purposes; many columns are engaged, that is to say form part of a wall. A long sequence of columns joined by an entablature is known as a colonnade.

History[edit]

Antiquity[edit]

All significant Iron Age civilizations of the Near East and Mediterranean made some use of columns.

Egyptian[edit]

In ancient Egyptian architecture as early as 2600 BC, the architect Imhotep made use of stone columns whose surface was carved to reflect the organic form of bundled reeds, like papyrus, lotus and palm.[2] In later Egyptian architecture faceted cylinders were also common. Their form is thought to derive from archaic reed-built shrines. Carved from stone, the columns were highly decorated with carved and painted hieroglyphs, texts, ritual imagery and natural motifs. Egyptian columns are famously present in the Great Hypostyle Hall of Karnak (circa 1224 BC), where 134 columns are lined up in sixteen rows, with some columns reaching heights of 24 metres.

One of the most important type are the papyriform columns. The origin of these columns goes back to the 5th Dynasty. They are composed of lotus (papyrus) stems which are drawn together into a bundle decorated with bands: the capital, instead of opening out into the shape of a bellflower, swells out and then narrows again like a flower in bud. The base, which tapers to take the shape of a half-sphere like the stem of the lotus, has a continuously recurring decoration of stipules.

  • Examples of Egyptian columns

Greek and Roman[edit]

Illustration of Doric (left three), Ionic (middle three) and Corinthian (right two) columns

The Minoans used whole tree-trunks, usually turned upside down in order to prevent re-growth, stood on a base set in the stylobate (floor base) and topped by a simple round capital. These were then painted as in the most famous Minoan palace of Knossos. The Minoans employed columns to create large open-plan spaces, light-wells and as a focal point for religious rituals.

These traditions were continued by the later Mycenaean civilization, particularly in the megaron or hall at the heart of their palaces. The importance of columns and their reference to palaces and therefore authority is evidenced in their use in heraldic motifs such as the famous lion-gate of Mycenae where two lions stand each side of a column. Being made of wood these early columns have not survived, but their stone bases have and through these we may see their use and arrangement in these palace buildings.

The Egyptians, Persians and other civilizations mostly used columns for the practical purpose of holding up the roof inside a building, preferring outside walls to be decorated with reliefs or painting, but the Ancient Greeks, followed by the Romans, loved to use them on the outside as well, and the extensive use of columns on the interior and exterior of buildings is one of the most characteristic features of classical architecture, in buildings like the Parthenon. The Greeks developed the classical orders of architecture, which are most easily distinguished by the form of the column and its various elements. Their Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian orders were expanded by the Romans to include the Tuscan and Composite orders.

  • Minoan columns at the West Bastion of the Palace of Knossos

    Minoan columns at the West Bastion of the Palace of Knossos

  • Praying Woman between two ionic columns, 2nd century, marble, in the Louvre

    Praying Woman between two ionic columns, 2nd century, marble, in the Louvre

Persian[edit]

Some of the most elaborate columns in the ancient world were those of the Persians, especially the massive stone columns erected in Persepolis. They included double-bull structures in their capitals. The Hall of Hundred Columns at Persepolis, measuring 70 × 70 metres, was built by the Achaemenid king Darius I (524–486 BC). Many of the ancient Persian columns are standing, some being more than 30 metres tall.[citation needed] Tall columns with bull’s head capitals were used for porticoes and to support the roofs of the hypostylehall, partly inspired by the ancient Egyptian precedent. Since the columns carried timber beams rather than stone, they could be taller, slimmer and more widely spaced than Egyptian ones.

Middle Ages[edit]

Columns, or at least large structural exterior ones, became much less significant in the architecture of the Middle Ages. The classical forms were abandoned in both Byzantine and Romanesque architecture in favour of more flexible forms, with capitals often using various types of foliage decoration, and in the West scenes with figures carved in relief.

During the Romanesque period, builders continued to reuse and imitate ancient Roman columns wherever possible; where new, the emphasis was on elegance and beauty, as illustrated by twisted columns. Often they were decorated with mosaics.

  • Examples of columns
  • Byzantine columns from Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo (Ravenna, Italy)

  • Romanesque columns from the 12th century

    Romanesque columns from the 12th century

Renaissance and later styles[edit]

Renaissance architecture was keen to revive the classical vocabulary and styles, and the informed use and variation of the classical orders remained fundamental to the training of architects throughout Baroque, Rococo and Neo-classical architecture.

Structure[edit]

A granite structure column by Hilma Flodin-Rissanen in Vyborg

Early columns were constructed of stone, some out of a single piece of stone. Monolithic columns are among the heaviest stones used in architecture. Other stone columns are created out of multiple sections of stone, mortared or dry-fit together. In many classical sites, sectioned columns were carved with a centre hole or depression so that they could be pegged together, using stone or metal pins. The design of most classical columns incorporates entasis (the inclusion of a slight outward curve in the sides) plus a reduction in diameter along the height of the column, so that the top is as little as 83% of the bottom diameter. This reduction mimics the parallax effects which the eye expects to see, and tends to make columns look taller and straighter than they are while entasis adds to that effect.

There are flutes and fillets that run up the shaft of columns. The flute is the part of the column that is indented in with a semi circular shape. The fillet of the column is the part between each of the flutes on the Ionic order columns. The flute width changes on all tapered columns as it goes up the shaft and stays the same on all non tapered columns. This was done to the columns to add visual interest to them. The Ionic and the Corinthian are the only orders that have fillets and flutes. The Doric style has flutes but not fillets. Doric flutes are connected at a sharp point where the fillets are located on Ionic and Corinthian order columns.

Nomenclature[edit]

Most classical columns arise from a basis, or base, that rests on the stylobate, or foundation, except for those of the Doric order, which usually rest directly on the stylobate. The basis may consist of several elements, beginning with a wide, square slab known as a plinth. The simplest bases consist of the plinth alone, sometimes separated from the column by a convex circular cushion known as a torus. More elaborate bases include two toruses, separated by a concave section or channel known as a scotia or trochilus. Scotiae could also occur in pairs, separated by a convex section called an astragal, or bead, narrower than a torus. Sometimes these sections were accompanied by still narrower convex sections, known as annulets or fillets.[3][4]

At the top of the shaft is a capital, upon which the roof or other architectural elements rest. In the case of Doric columns, the capital usually consists of a round, tapering cushion, or echinus, supporting a square slab, known as an abax or abacus. Ionic capitals feature a pair of volutes, or scrolls, while Corinthian capitals are decorated with reliefs in the form of acanthus leaves. Either type of capital could be accompanied by the same moldings as the base.[3][4] In the case of free-standing columns, the decorative elements atop the shaft are known as a finial.

Modern columns may be constructed out of steel, poured or precast concrete, or brick, left bare or clad in an architectural covering, or veneer. Used to support an arch, an impost, or pier, is the topmost member of a column. The bottom-most part of the arch, called the springing, rests on the impost.

Equilibrium, instability, and loads[edit]

Table showing values of K for structural columns of various end conditions (adapted from Manual of Steel Construction, 8th edition, American Institute of Steel Construction, Table C1.8.1)

As the axial load on a perfectly straight slender column with elastic material properties is increased in magnitude, this ideal column passes through three states: stable equilibrium, neutral equilibrium, and instability. The straight column under load is in stable equilibrium if a lateral force, applied between the two ends of the column, produces a small lateral deflection which disappears and the column returns to its straight form when the lateral force is removed. If the column load is gradually increased, a condition is reached in which the straight form of equilibrium becomes so-called neutral equilibrium, and a small lateral force will produce a deflection that does not disappear and the column remains in this slightly bent form when the lateral force is removed. The load at which neutral equilibrium of a column is reached is called the critical or buckling load. The state of instability is reached when a slight increase of the column load causes uncontrollably growing lateral deflections leading to complete collapse.

For an axially loaded straight column with any end support conditions, the equation of static equilibrium, in the form of a differential equation, can be solved for the deflected shape and critical load of the column. With hinged, fixed or free end support conditions the deflected shape in neutral equilibrium of an initially straight column with uniform cross section throughout its length always follows a partial or composite sinusoidal curve shape, and the critical load is given by

{displaystyle f_{cr}equiv {frac {pi ^{2}{textit {E}}I_{min}}{{L}^{2}}}qquad (1)}

where E = elastic modulus of the material, Imin = the minimal moment of inertia of the cross section, and L = actual length of the column between its two end supports. A variant of (1) is given by

f_{{cr}}equiv {frac  {pi ^{{2}}E_{T}}{({frac  {KL}{r}})^{{2}}}}qquad (2)

where r = radius of gyration of column cross-section which is equal to the square root of (I/A), K = ratio of the longest half sine wave to the actual column length, Et = tangent modulus at the stress Fcr, and KL = effective length (length of an equivalent hinged-hinged column). From Equation (2) it can be noted that the buckling strength of a column is inversely proportional to the square of its length.

When the critical stress, Fcr (Fcr =Pcr/A, where A = cross-sectional area of the column), is greater than the proportional limit of the material, the column is experiencing inelastic buckling. Since at this stress the slope of the material’s stress-strain curve, Et (called the tangent modulus), is smaller than that below the proportional limit, the critical load at inelastic buckling is reduced. More complex formulas and procedures apply for such cases, but in its simplest form the critical buckling load formula is given as Equation (3),

f_{{cr}}equiv {F_{y}}-{frac  {F_{{y}}^{{2}}}{4pi ^{{2}}E}}left({frac  {KL}{r^{2}}}right)qquad (3)

A column with a cross section that lacks symmetry may suffer torsional buckling (sudden twisting) before, or in combination with, lateral buckling. The presence of the twisting deformations renders both theoretical analyses and practical designs rather complex.

Eccentricity of the load, or imperfections such as initial crookedness, decreases column strength. If the axial load on the column is not concentric, that is, its line of action is not precisely coincident with the centroidal axis of the column, the column is characterized as eccentrically loaded. The eccentricity of the load, or an initial curvature, subjects the column to immediate bending. The increased stresses due to the combined axial-plus-flexural stresses result in a reduced load-carrying ability.

Column elements are considered to be massive if their smallest side dimension is equal to or more than 400 mm. Massive columns have the ability to increase in carrying strength over long time periods (even during periods of heavy load). Taking into account the fact, that possible structural loads may increase over time as well (and also the threat of progressive failure), massive columns have an advantage compared to non-massive ones.

Extensions[edit]

When a column is too long to be built or transported in one piece, it has to be extended or spliced at the construction site. A reinforced concrete column is extended by having the steel reinforcing bars protrude a few inches or feet above the top of the concrete, then placing the next level of reinforcing bars to overlap, and pouring the concrete of the next level. A steel column is extended by welding or bolting splice plates on the flanges and webs or walls of the columns to provide a few inches or feet of load transfer from the upper to the lower column section. A timber column is usually extended by the use of a steel tube or wrapped-around sheet-metal plate bolted onto the two connecting timber sections.

Foundations[edit]

A column that carries the load down to a foundation must have means to transfer the load without overstressing the foundation material. Reinforced concrete and masonry columns are generally built directly on top of concrete foundations. When seated on a concrete foundation, a steel column must have a base plate to spread the load over a larger area, and thereby reduce the bearing pressure. The base plate is a thick, rectangular steel plate usually welded to the bottom end of the column.

Orders[edit]

The Roman author Vitruvius, relying on the writings (now lost) of Greek authors, tells us that the ancient Greeks believed that their Doric order developed from techniques for building in wood. The earlier smoothed tree-trunk was replaced by a stone cylinder.

Doric order[edit]

The Doric order is the oldest and simplest of the classical orders. It is composed of a vertical cylinder that is wider at the bottom. It generally has neither a base nor a detailed capital. It is instead often topped with an inverted frustum of a shallow cone or a cylindrical band of carvings. It is often referred to as the masculine order because it is represented in the bottom level of the Colosseum and the Parthenon, and was therefore considered to be able to hold more weight. The height-to-thickness ratio is about 8:1. The shaft of a Doric Column is almost always fluted.

The Greek Doric, developed in the western Dorian region of Greece, is the heaviest and most massive of the orders. It rises from the stylobate without any base; it is from four to six times as tall as its diameter; it has twenty broad flutes; the capital consists simply of a banded necking swelling out into a smooth echinus, which carries a flat square abacus; the Doric entablature is also the heaviest, being about one-fourth the height column. The Greek Doric order was not used after c. 100 B.C. until its “rediscovery” in the mid-eighteenth century.

Tuscan order[edit]

The Tuscan order, also known as Roman Doric, is also a simple design, the base and capital both being series of cylindrical disks of alternating diameter. The shaft is almost never fluted. The proportions vary, but are generally similar to Doric columns. Height to width ratio is about 7:1.

Ionic order[edit]

The Ionic column is considerably more complex than the Doric or Tuscan. It usually has a base and the shaft is often fluted (it has grooves carved up its length). The capital features a volute, an ornament shaped like a scroll, at the four corners. The height-to-thickness ratio is around 9:1. Due to the more refined proportions and scroll capitals, the Ionic column is sometimes associated with academic buildings. Ionic style columns were used on the second level of the Colosseum.

Corinthian order[edit]

The Corinthian order is named for the Greek city-state of Corinth, to which it was connected in the period. However, according to the architectural historian Vitruvius, the column was created by the sculptor Callimachus, probably an Athenian, who drew acanthus leaves growing around a votive basket. In fact, the oldest known Corinthian capital was found in Bassae, dated at 427 BC. It is sometimes called the feminine order because it is on the top level of the Colosseum and holding up the least weight, and also has the slenderest ratio of thickness to height. Height to width ratio is about 10:1.

Composite order[edit]

The Composite order draws its name from the capital being a composite of the Ionic and Corinthian capitals. The acanthus of the Corinthian column already has a scroll-like element, so the distinction is sometimes subtle. Generally the Composite is similar to the Corinthian in proportion and employment, often in the upper tiers of colonnades. Height to width ratio is about 11:1 or 12:1.

Solomonic[edit]

A Solomonic column, sometimes called «barley sugar», begins on a base and ends in a capital, which may be of any order, but the shaft twists in a tight spiral, producing a dramatic, serpentine effect of movement. Solomonic columns were developed in the ancient world, but remained rare there. A famous marble set, probably 2nd century, was brought to Old St. Peter’s Basilica by Constantine I, and placed round the saint’s shrine, and was thus familiar throughout the Middle Ages, by which time they were thought to have been removed from the Temple of Jerusalem.[5] The style was used in bronze by Bernini for his spectacular St. Peter’s baldachin, actually a ciborium (which displaced Constantine’s columns), and thereafter became very popular with Baroque and Rococo church architects, above all in Latin America, where they were very often used, especially on a small scale, as they are easy to produce in wood by turning on a lathe (hence also the style’s popularity for spindles on furniture and stairs).

Caryatid[edit]

A Caryatid is a sculpted female figure serving as an architectural support taking the place of a column or a pillar supporting an entablature on her head. The Greek term karyatides literally means «maidens of Karyai», an ancient town of Peloponnese.

Engaged columns[edit]

In architecture, an engaged column is a column embedded in a wall and partly projecting from the surface of the wall, sometimes defined as semi or three-quarter detached. Engaged columns are rarely found in classical Greek architecture, and then only in exceptional cases, but in Roman architecture they exist in abundance, most commonly embedded in the cella walls of pseudoperipteral buildings.

Pillar tombs[edit]

Pillar tombs are monumental graves, which typically feature a single, prominent pillar or column, often made of stone. A number of world cultures incorporated pillars into tomb structures. In the ancient Greek colony of Lycia in Anatolia, one of these edifices is located at the tomb of Xanthos. In the town of Hannassa in southern Somalia, ruins of houses with archways and courtyards have also been found along with other pillar tombs, including a rare octagonal tomb.[6]

Gallery[edit]

  • Different columns
  • Decorated pillars. Mosque. Kashgar

    Decorated pillars. Mosque. Kashgar

  • The Great Hypostyle Hall from Karnak (Egypt)

  • Columns found at the Temple of Apollo in Delphi

  • Ionic capital

  • Church of San Prospero (Reggio Emilia, Italy)

  • Reused Roman columns and capitals in the Great Mosque of Kairouan

See also[edit]

  • Huabiao
  • Marian and Holy Trinity columns
  • Spur (architecture)
  • Structural engineering
  • Linga
  • Lingodbhava
  • Our Lady of the Pillar
  • Columnar jointing (geology)

References[edit]

Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). «Engaged Column». Encyclopædia Britannica. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 404–405.

Stierlin, Henri The Roman Empire: From the Etruscans to the Decline of the Roman Empire, TASCHEN, 2002

Alderman, Liz (7 July 2014). «Acropolis Maidens Glow Anew». The New York Times. Retrieved 9 July 2014.

Stokstad, Marilyn; Cothren, Michael (2014). Art History (Volume 1 ed.). New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. p. 110.

  1. ^ «Column — Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary». Merriam-webster.com. 2012-08-31. Archived from the original on 2013-10-04. Retrieved 2013-07-04.
  2. ^ Baker, Rosalie; Baker, Charles (2001). Ancient Egyptians: People of the Pyramids. Oxford University Press. p. 23. ISBN 978-0195122213.
  3. ^ a b Hewson Clarke and John Dougall, The Cabinet of Arts, T. Kinnersley, London (1817), pp. 271, 272.
  4. ^ a b «Architectural Glossary», in The Universal Decorator, Francis Benjamin Thompson, Ed., vol. III (1859).
  5. ^ J. Ward-Perkins, «The shrine of St. Peter’s and its twelve spiral columns» Journal of Roman Studies 42 (1952) p 21ff.
  6. ^ Sanseverino, Hilary Costa (1983). «Archaeological Remains on the Southern Somali Coast». Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa. 18 (1): 151–164. doi:10.1080/00672708309511319.

External links[edit]

  • Media related to Column at Wikimedia Commons

1

a

: a vertical arrangement of items printed or written on a page

b

: one of two or more vertical sections of a printed page separated by a rule or blank space

The news article takes up three columns.

c

: an accumulation arranged vertically : stack

d

: one in a usually regular series of newspaper or magazine articles

2

: a supporting pillar

especially

: one consisting of a usually round shaft, a capital, and a base

a colonnade of marble columns

3

a

: something resembling a column in form, position, or function

b

: a tube or cylinder in which a chromatographic separation takes place

4

: a long row (as of soldiers)

6

: a statistical category or grouping

put another game in the win column

Illustration of column

Illustration of column

  • column 2

Synonyms

Example Sentences



a facade with marble columns



Add the first column of numbers.



The article takes up three columns.



The error appears at the bottom of the second column.



She writes a weekly column for the paper.

Recent Examples on the Web

The weekly column takes you behind the scenes and shines a spotlight on unique stories.


Kevin Baxter, Los Angeles Times, 11 Apr. 2023





Billboard’s Hot 100 First-Timers column highlights artists who achieve their first career entries on the Hot 100.


Xander Zellner, Billboard, 10 Apr. 2023





In 2019, Justin also began writing a weekly column for The Chronicle’s Datebook section that focused on Black culture in the Bay Area.


Justin Phillips, San Francisco Chronicle, 9 Apr. 2023





The column was so successful that Strayed published a collection of posts into Tiny Beautiful Things in 2012, following the success of her memoir Wild (which was released earlier that same year).


Olivia Evans, Women’s Health, 7 Apr. 2023





The 41-year-old woman was climbing ice falls in Duchesne County near Indian Canyon with two others Sunday when an ice column suddenly broke away, the Duchesne County Sheriff’s Office said, without naming the climbers.


Melissa Alonso, CNN, 6 Apr. 2023





That hiker, a 34-year-old man, fell roughly 40 feet and sustained serious injuries when the ice column broke off.


Orlando Mayorquin, USA TODAY, 5 Apr. 2023





The woman was able to push a fellow climber to safety before she was crushed by an enormous ice column that detached from the terrain above, the Duchesne County Sheriff’s Office said Tuesday in a news release.


Emily Mae Czachor, CBS News, 5 Apr. 2023





At the same time, a third climber in the group, a 34-year-old male, fell about 40 feet when the ice column fractured.


Anna Lazarus Caplan, Peoplemag, 5 Apr. 2023



See More

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word ‘column.’ Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

Etymology

Middle English columne, from Anglo-French columpne, from Latin columna, from columen top; akin to Latin collis hill — more at hill

First Known Use

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Time Traveler

The first known use of column was
in the 15th century

Dictionary Entries Near column

Cite this Entry

“Column.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/column. Accessed 14 Apr. 2023.

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Last Update: Jan 03, 2023

This is a question our experts keep getting from time to time. Now, we have got the complete detailed explanation and answer for everyone, who is interested!


Asked by: Marquis Kautzer MD

Score: 4.5/5
(42 votes)

A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member.

What does the word column means?

1a : a vertical arrangement of items printed or written on a page columns of numbers. b : one of two or more vertical sections of a printed page separated by a rule or blank space The news article takes up three columns. c : an accumulation arranged vertically : stack columns of paint cans.

What is an example of a column?

The definition of a column is a vertical arrangement of something, a regular article in a paper, magazine or website, or a structure that holds something up. … An example of column is a weekly recipe article. An example of column is a pillar in the front of a building.

What column means in math?

An arrangement of figures, one above the other. This is a column of numbers: 12. 25. 17.

What is mean by row and column?

Rows are a group of cells arranged horizontally to provide uniformity. Columns are a group of cells aligned vertically, and they run from top to bottom.

35 related questions found

What is a column in Computer?

A column is a vertical series of cells in a chart, table, or spreadsheet.

How do you identify rows and columns?

Row and Column Basics

Each row is identified by row number, which runs vertically at the left side of the sheet. Each column is identified by column header, which runs horizontally at the top of the sheet.

What is the 3 column method?

The 3-Column note-taking method gives you space for your ideas, thoughts, observations… Column 1 — main subjects or topics from the text or lecture. Column 2 — details you learned from reading the text, research, or during the lecture. Column 3 — your opinions, observations, thoughts, etc. « Mind mapping.

What is a column method?

The column method is a mathematical method of calculation where the numbers to be added or subtracted are set out above one another in columns. … The calculation is done by ‘carrying’ and ‘borrowing’ numbers from column to column.

What is a column writing?

A column is a recurring piece or article in a newspaper, magazine or other publication, where a writer expresses their own opinion in few columns allotted to them by the newspaper organisation.

What is a column symbol?

Column chart symbols are used in maps to show the number of occurrences or proportions of categorical data associated to a single feature. Column chart symbols are created on a map using a string field and a location field containing coincident values.

Why do we use columns?

Columns are frequently used to support beams or arches on which the upper parts of walls or ceilings rest. … A column might also be a decorative element not needed for structural purposes; many columns are engaged, that is to say form part of a wall.

How do you start a column?

Tips on column writing

  1. Write the way you talk. …
  2. Try to uncover a «lead» or opening that will catch the interest of your readers.
  3. Use a variety of material, not just one subject.
  4. Write about people. …
  5. Write simply. …
  6. Don’t weigh your column down with too much detail.

What type of word is column?

What type of word is column? As detailed above, ‘column’ is a noun. Noun usage: It was too hard to read the text across the whole page, so I split it into two columns. … Noun usage: His initial foray into print media was as the author of a weekly column in his elementary-school newspaper.

Is column up and down?

Columns run vertically, up and down. … Rows, then, are the opposite of columns and run horizontally.

What are the three main types of columns?

The three major classical orders are Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. The orders describe the form and decoration of Greek and later Roman columns, and continue to be widely used in architecture today.

How do you use the column method?

Column method for multiplying numbers

  1. First, multiply 6 × 5 and carry the 30 to the tens column.
  2. Then multiply 6 × 3 (= 18) and add the carried 3.
  3. Next, place a zero in the ones column since the next step is to multiply 35 × 40.
  4. Then multiply 4 × 5, carry 200 into the hundreds column.

What do 2 column notes look like?

A page of two-column notes consists of a vertical line down a page with a horizontal line at the top, as shown in the visual below. The vertical line is drawn about 1/3 of the way from the left-hand side of the paper. The main ideas are written on the left and associated key details are written on the right.

What is column note taking?

The Two-Column Note-Taking strategy encourages students to identify important information in a lecture, film, or reading and to then respond to this material. You can use this strategy to prepare students to participate in a discussion or begin a writing activity.

How do you write a three column note?

In the first column, write the main subjects or topics from the text. In the second column, write significant details you learned from reading the text, from research or discussion. In the third column, jot down opinions, observations, thoughts, etc.

What is a column in a table?

The columns in a table are the set of facts that we keep track of about that type of object. A column is also called an attribute.

What comes first in a matrix rows or columns?

Matrix Definition

By convention, rows are listed first; and columns, second. Thus, we would say that the dimension (or order) of the above matrix is 3 x 4, meaning that it has 3 rows and 4 columns. Numbers that appear in the rows and columns of a matrix are called elements of the matrix.

What is a column in civil engineering?

A column is a vertical structural member intended to transfer a compressive load. … Columns are typically constructed from materials such as stone, brick, block, concrete, timber, steel, and so on, which have good compressive strength.

Meaning column

What does column mean? Here you find 51 meanings of the word column. You can also add a definition of column yourself

1

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0

In architecture, a perpendicular supporting member, circular or rectangular in section, usually consisting of a base, shaft and capital. In engineering, a vertical structural compression member that s [..]

2

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column

Pillar formed as a stalactite and stalagmite meet.

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column

mid-15c., «vertical division of a page,» also «a pillar, post,» from Old French colombe (12c., Modern French colonne «column, pillar»), from Latin columna «pillar,&q [..]

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column

A decorative or structural feature, most often composed of stone, typically having a cylindrical or polygonal shaft.

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column

strong, vertical support structure, such as a pillar.

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column

In architecture, a supporting pillar usually composed of a base, shaft, and surmounting capital. Often used for decorative as well as functional purposes. See also Ionic, Doric, and Corinthian.

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column

A pillar that can either be freestanding for decoration or to hold up a structure

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column

A Column is a post or pillar used for support or decoration (from the Latin columna=post).

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column

a cylindrical, upright structural support in architecture, consisting of a base, shaft, and capital

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column

a line of units following one after another a vertical glass tube used in column chromatography; a mixture is poured in the top and washed through a stationary substance where components of the mixtur [..]

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column

A vertical arrangement of characters or other expressions.

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column

a pillar. The same word also means a line of soldiers and a list of numbers

13

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column

(1) On a display screen in character mode, a column is a vertical line of characters extending from the top to the bottom of the screen. The size of a text display is usually measured in rows and colu [..]

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column

zayl

15

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column

One of two or more vertical sections of written or printed text separated from each other by a ruled line or blank space, as in ancient scrolls, newspapers, and language dictionaries. The length of a [..]

16

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column

A column is a group of three brain cells, with each cell responding to a different aspect of a visual stimulus. For example, when presented a thick, vertical, blue line, one cell interprets the thickn [..]

17

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column

A vertical wood, steel, stone or concrete shaft, pillar or support, free-standing, supporting the portion of the structure above it.

18

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column

A regular feature often on a specific topic, written by the same person who is known as a columnist.

19

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column

An isolated vertical member whose horizontal dimension measured at right angles to the thickness does not exceed three times its thickness and whose height is at least three times its thickness.

20

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column

The vertical sections of the car’s entrance frame.

21

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column

In a data file, a single vertical column, each being one byte in length. Fixed format data files are traditionally described as being arranged in lines and columns. In a fixed format file, column loca [..]

22

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column

A pillar which may support a roof or other structures. May restrict view for delegates in conference room layouts.

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column

A pillar in an exhibition venue which supports the roof or other overhead structures. Usually shown on a floor plan as a solid square.

24

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column

A primary member used in a vertical position on a building to transfer loads from main roof beams, trusses or rafters to the foundation.

25

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column

A vertical framing member that supports loads parallel to its long axis.

26

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column

A specific category of information in a table, such as Address or Diameter, also called a field.

27

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column

In a data file, a single vertical column each being one byte in length. Fixed format data files are traditionally described as being arranged in lines and columns. In a fixed format file, column locat [..]

28

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0

column

A regular feature often on a specific topic, written by the same person who is known as a columnist. Also the vertical sections of type, which may have varying widths.

29

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column

an article in which a writer or columnist gives an opinion on a topic

30

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column

A regular feature often on a specific topic, written by the same person who is known as a columnist.

31

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column

vertical section of article appearing on page. Also known as leg

32

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column

[columna (Latin)] Vertical support to arch, consisting of base, circular or octagonal shaft, and capital.    (Wood, Margaret. The English Medieval House, 411)

33

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column

An article that appears regularly. It is written by one writer or about a special subject. Click to do activities: Editor’s Opinion, and Opinion Columns 

34

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column

(n) a line of units following one after another(n) a vertical glass tube used in column chromatography; a mixture is poured in the top and washed through a stationary substance where components of t [..]

35

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column

A vertical structural compression member which supports loads.

36

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column

Is a main vertical member carrying axial loads, which can be combined with bending and shear, from the main roof beams or girders to the foundation. These structural members carry loads parallel to its longitudinal axis.

37

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column

The Alexandrine Column. Made of granite; in memory of the Emperor Alexander.

38

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column

Structure to which a press head can be mounted. Two types; C-frame (maximum clearance for work piece) and H-frame (minimal deflection)

39

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column

Is a main vertical member carrying axial loads, which can be combined with bending and shear, from the main roof beams or girders to the foundation. These structural members carry loads parallel to its longitudinal axis.

40

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column

 A vertical block of text in a newspaper or magazine.

41

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column

A supporting pillar consisting of a base, a cylindrical shaft, and a capital on top of the shaft. Columns may be plain or ornamental.

42

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column

a vertical structural member having a circular cross-section and usually consisting of a base, a long shaft, and a capital.

43

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column

The spinal or vertebral column.

44

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column

A wood or metal vertical support member.

45

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0

column

When a layout is viewed in Table View, a column corresponds to a field.

46

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column

The body of a sea anemone.

47

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column

A single unit of named data that has a particular data type (e.g., number, text, or date). Columns only exist in tables.

48

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column

Any vertical array of data or text. A specific space (a vertical column) on an IBM Card for recording answers to a question.

49

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column

A column is a main vertical member that carries axial loads from the main roof beams or girders to the foundation parallel to its longitudinal axis.

50

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column

A vertical member designed to resist axial load (direct compression), such as the weight of a building. May be made of any suitable material such as concrete, masonry, steel or timber. Design is governed by the slenderness (ratio of length to breadth) to resist the tendency to fail by buckling.

51

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column

Structural member that has the primary function of resisting axial force. A roll formed post section with punched key holes used to make an upright.

Dictionary.university is a dictionary written by people like you and me.
Please help and add a word. All sort of words are welcome!

Add meaning

1 : one of two or more vertical sections of a printed page Read the article in the left column. 2 : a group of items shown one under the other down a page a column of figures. 3 : a regular feature in a newspaper or magazine a sports column. 4 : a pillar used to support a building.

Contents

  • 1 What is an example of a column?
  • 2 What does column mean in writing?
  • 3 What does column mean in text?
  • 4 What does columns mean in science?
  • 5 How do you describe a column?
  • 6 What do columns represent?
  • 7 What is a column in a table?
  • 8 What does the term post mean?
  • 9 What is column in sentence?
  • 10 What does columns mean in math?
  • 11 What does number of columns mean?
  • 12 What does column mean in social studies?
  • 13 What are columns in technology?
  • 14 Why is a column important?
  • 15 What is a column vs row?
  • 16 Why do churches have columns?
  • 17 What is cell in a table?
  • 18 What is a column name?
  • 19 What is social media post?
  • 20 What is a Facebook post?

What is an example of a column?

The definition of a column is a vertical arrangement of something, a regular article in a paper, magazine or website, or a structure that holds something up. An example of column is an Excel list of budget items. An example of column is a weekly recipe article.

What does column mean in writing?

A column is a recurring piece or article in a newspaper, magazine or other publication, where a writer expresses their own opinion in few columns allotted to them by the newspaper organisation.

What does column mean in text?

In typography, a column is one or more vertical blocks of content positioned on a page, separated by gutters (vertical whitespace) or rules (thin lines, in this case vertical). Columns are most commonly used to break up large bodies of text that cannot fit in a single block of text on a page.

What does columns mean in science?

Princeton’s WordNet. columnnoun. a line of units following one after another. column, chromatography columnnoun. a vertical glass tube used in column chromatography; a mixture is poured in the top and washed through a stationary substance where components of the mixture are adsorbed selectively to form colored bands.

How do you describe a column?

A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member.

What do columns represent?

column, in architecture, a vertical element, usually a rounded shaft with a capital and a base, which in most cases serves as a support. A column may also be nonstructural, used for a decorative purpose or as a freestanding monument.

What is a column in a table?

In a relational database, a column is a vertical group of cells within a table.Therefore, a blank table will contain no rows but will still contain its columns and their constraints. When you add rows (i.e. add data), they can only contain the type of data that has been defined by each column.

What does the term post mean?

post- a prefix, meaning “behind,” “after,” “later,” “subsequent to,” “posterior to,” occurring originally in loanwords from Latin (postscript), but now used freely in the formation of compound words (post-Elizabethan; postfix; postgraduate; postorbital).

What is column in sentence?

(architeture) a tall cylindrical vertical upright and used to support a structure. 1 Add up the numbers in each column. 2 Can you add up this column of figures? 3 She writes a regular column for a national newspaper.

What does columns mean in math?

An arrangement of numbers, shapes or objects, one above the other. A rectangle which has length, longer than width.

What does number of columns mean?

moreAn arrangement of figures, one above the other. This is a column of numbers: 12.

What does column mean in social studies?

a row, line, or file, as of people in a queue. military a narrow formation in which individuals or units follow one behind the other.

What are columns in technology?

(1) On a display screen in character mode, a column is a vertical line of characters extending from the top to the bottom of the screen. The size of a text display is usually measured in rows and columns. (2) In spreadsheets, a column is a vertical row of cells. Spreadsheet columns are usually identified by letters.

Why is a column important?

Columns are used for structural reinforcement, much like beams. Columns are, basically, vertical structures transmit the compressive loads.They can move loads to the foundations and soil below from the slab and beams. Columns should be positioned uniformly on all floors for the most efficient support, if possible.

What is a column vs row?

What is the Difference between Rows and Columns?

Rows Columns
A row can be defined as an order in which objects are placed alongside or horizontally A column can be defined as a vertical division of objects on the basis of category
The arrangement runs from left to right The arrangement runs from top to bottom

Why do churches have columns?

The column is perhaps the most fundamental structure in classical architecture. It originated from a simple post and lintel system which has been used for thousands of years.The Greek and Roman columns serve the practical purpose of holding a building erect, while simultaneously contributing abundant beauty and order.

What is cell in a table?

A table cell is one grouping within a chart table used for storing information or data. Cells are grouped horizontally (rows of cells) and vertically (columns of cells). Each cell contains information relating to the combination of the row and column headings it is collinear with.

What is a column name?

The meaning of a column name depends on its context. A column name can be used to: Declare the name of a column, as in a CREATE TABLE statement.In a GROUP BY or ORDER BY clause, a column name specifies all values in the intermediate result table to which the clause is applied.

Post (also see tweet) – Content shared on social media through a user’s profile. It can be as simple as a blurb of text, but can also include images, videos, and links to other content. Other users of the social network can like, comment, and share the post.

What is a Facebook post?

Definition: Facebook Posts are public messages posted to a Facebook user’s entire audience or on a specific person’s profile page (or “wall”). Businesses utilize posts to continually provide a presence to their audience and potentially attract new followers.

English[edit]

Ancient Egyptian columns in Philae (Egypt)
Corinthian columns in temple of Bel (Syria)
Columns in typography

Etymology[edit]

From Middle English columne, columpne, columpe, borrowed from Old French columne, from Latin columna (a column, pillar, post), originally a collateral form of columen, contraction culmen (a pillar, top, crown, summit). Akin to Latin collis (a hill), celsus (high), probably to Ancient Greek κολοφών (kolophṓn, top, summit).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈkɒləm/
  • (General American), (Ireland) enPR: kŏlʹəm, IPA(key): /ˈkɑləm/
  • (General American, rare), (Ireland) enPR: kŏlʹjəm, IPA(key): /ˈkɑljəm/
  • Hyphenation: col‧umn
  • Rhymes: -ɒləm

Noun[edit]

column (plural columns)

  1. (architecture) A solid upright structure designed usually to support a larger structure above it, such as a roof or horizontal beam, but sometimes for decoration.
  2. A vertical line of entries in a table, usually read from top to bottom.
  3. A body of troops or army vehicles, usually strung out along a road.
  4. A body of text meant to be read line by line, especially in printed material that has multiple adjacent such on a single page.

    It was too hard to read the text across the whole page, so I split it into two columns.

  5. A unit of width, especially of advertisements, in a periodical, equivalent to the width of a usual column of text.

    Each column inch costs $300 a week; this ad is four columns by three inches, so will run $3600 a week.

  6. (by extension) A recurring feature in a periodical, especially an opinion piece, especially by a single author or small rotating group of authors, or on a single theme.

    His initial foray into print media was as the author of a weekly column in his elementary-school newspaper.

  7. Something having similar vertical form or structure to the things mentioned above, such as a spinal column.
    • 1892, James Yoxall, chapter 5, in The Lonely Pyramid:

      The desert storm was riding in its strength; the travellers lay beneath the mastery of the fell simoom. Whirling wreaths and columns of burning wind, rushed around and over them.

  8. (botany) The gynostemium
  9. (chemistry) An object used to separate the different components of a liquid or to purify chemical compounds.

Synonyms[edit]

  • (upright structure): post, pillar, sile

Antonyms[edit]

  • (line of table entries): row (which is horizontal)

Hypernyms[edit]

  • (upright structure): beam

Derived terms[edit]

  • a little from column A and a little from column B
  • advice column
  • agony column
  • clustered column
  • column density
  • column echelon form
  • column inch
  • column shifter
  • column space
  • column still
  • column vector
  • cortical column
  • dodge the column
  • engaged column
  • eruption column
  • fifth column
  • flying column
  • fractionating column
  • letter column
  • Morris column
  • multiple-column
  • nanocolumn
  • personal column
  • positive column
  • pseudo-column
  • semi-column
  • social column
  • society column
  • steering column
  • supercolumn
  • Türck’s column
  • vertebral column
  • water column
  • wide column store

Translations[edit]

upright supporting structure

  • Aklanon: haligi
  • Albanian: kolonë (sq) f
  • Arabic: عَمُود‎ m (ʕamūd)
    Egyptian Arabic: عمود‎ m (ʿamūd)
    Hijazi Arabic: عامود‎ m (ʿāmūd)
  • Armenian: սյուն (hy) (syun)
    Old Armenian: սիւն (siwn)
  • Azerbaijani: sütun (az)
  • Bashkir: бағана (bağana); баған (bağan) (Eastern Bashkir)
  • Basque: habe (eu), zutabe
  • Belarusian: кало́на f (kalóna), слуп m (slup)
  • Bulgarian: коло́на (bg) f (kolóna), стълб (bg) m (stǎlb)
  • Burmese: တိုင် (my) (tuing)
  • Catalan: columna (ca) f
  • Chakma: please add this translation if you can
  • Chinese:
    Mandarin: 柱子 (zh) (zhùzi),  (zh) (zhù), 梁柱 (zh) (liángzhù)
  • Coptic: ⲥⲧⲩⲗⲏ m (stulē), ϫⲱⲧ f (čōt)
  • Czech: sloup (cs) m
  • Dalmatian: chilauna f
  • Danish: søjle (da) c
  • Dutch: kolom (nl) m or f
  • Egyptian:

    iwn

    (jwn m), (wḫꜣ m), (ꜥꜣ m)

  • Esperanto: kolono (eo)
  • Estonian: sammas (et)
  • Etruscan: 𐌚𐌀𐌋𐌀 class inanimate (fala)
  • Faroese: stólpi m
  • Finnish: pylväs (fi)
  • French: colonne (fr)
  • Friulian: please add this translation if you can
  • Galician: columna (gl) f
  • Ge’ez: ዐምድ (ʿämd)
  • Georgian: სვეტი (sveṭi), ბოძი (boʒi)
  • German: Säule (de) f
  • Gothic: 𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐍃 f (sauls)
  • Greek: στήλη (el) f (stíli)
    Ancient: στῦλος m (stûlos), κίων m or f (kíōn)
  • Hebrew: עַמּוּד (he) m (amúd)
  • Hindi: स्तंभ (hi) m (stambh)
  • Hungarian: oszlop (hu)
  • Irish: colún m
  • Italian: colonna (it) f
  • Japanese:  (ja) (はしら, hashira)
  • Javanese: please add this translation if you can
  • Kazakh: бағана (bağana), тірек (tırek)
  • Khmer: សសរ (km) (sɑsɑɑ)
  • Korean: 기둥 (ko) (gidung)
  • Kurdish:
    Northern Kurdish: stûn (ku)
  • Kyrgyz: түркүк (ky) (türkük), столб (ky) (stolb), колонна (kolonna)
  • Lao: ເສົາ (lo) (sao)
  • Latin: columna f
  • Latvian: kolonna f
  • Lithuanian: kolona (lt) f
  • Lü: ᦉᧁ (ṡaw)
  • Macedonian: столб m (stolb)
  • Maltese: please add this translation if you can
  • Maori: pou, tumu
  • Mazanderani: شلمن
  • Mon: please add this translation if you can
  • Mongolian:
    Cyrillic: багана (mn) (bagana)
  • Nanai: тора
  • Norman: colonne f
  • Northern Thai: please add this translation if you can
  • Norwegian:
    Bokmål: søyle (no) m or f
    Nynorsk: søyle f
  • Occitan: colomna (oc)
  • Oriya: please add this translation if you can
  • Ottoman Turkish: ستون(sütun), دیرك(direk)
  • Persian: ستون (fa) (sotun)
  • Piedmontese: colòna f
  • Polish: kolumna (pl) f, słup (pl) m
  • Portuguese: coluna (pt)
  • Rohingya: fala
  • Romagnol: clôna f, culôna f
  • Romanian: coloană (ro), pilar, columnă (ro), stâlp (ro)
  • Russian: коло́нна (ru) f (kolónna), столб (ru) m (stolb)
  • Scottish Gaelic: colbh m
  • Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic: сту̑п m, сту̑б m
    Roman: stȗp (sh) m, stȗb (sh) m
  • Slovak: stĺp m
  • Slovene: steber (sl) m
  • Sorbian:
    Lower Sorbian: słup m
  • Spanish: columna (es) f
  • Swedish: kolonn (sv) c, pelare (sv) c
  • Tajik: сутун (tg) (sutun)
  • Tatar: багана (tt) (bağana)
  • Tetum: riin
  • Thai: เสา (th) (sǎo)
  • Turkish: kolon (tr), sütun (tr)
  • Turkmen: sütün
  • Ukrainian: коло́на f (kolóna), стовп m (stovp)
  • Uyghur: تۈۋرۈك(tüwrük)
  • Uzbek: ustun (uz), stolba (uz), kolonna (uz)
  • Vietnamese: cột (vi)
  • Volapük: kolum
  • Zazaki: estûn
  • Zhuang: saeu

vertical line of entries in a table

  • Arabic: عَمُود‎ m (ʕamūd)
  • Armenian: սյունակ (hy) (syunak)
  • Bashkir: бағана (bağana)
  • Belarusian: кало́нка f (kalónka), калёнка f (kaljónka), графа́ f (hrafá), слупо́к m (slupók)
  • Bulgarian: коло́на (bg) f (kolóna), графа́ f (grafá)
  • Burmese: တိုင် (my) c (tuing)
  • Catalan: columna (ca) f
  • Chinese:
    Mandarin:  (zh) (liè),  (zh) (háng) (Taiwan, means «row» in mainland China)
  • Czech: sloupec m
  • Dutch: kolom (nl) m
  • Esperanto: kolumno
  • Estonian: veerg
  • Finnish: sarake (fi)
  • French: colonne (fr) f
  • German: Spalte (de) f
  • Greek: στήλη (el) f (stíli)
  • Hungarian: oszlop (hu)
  • Irish: colún m
  • Italian: colonna (it) f
  • Japanese:  (ja) (れつ, retsu), カラム (ja) (karamu), コラム (koramu)
  • Korean: 열(列) (ko) (yeol), 렬(列) (ko) (ryeol) (North Korea), 칼럼 (ko) (kalleom), 세로단 (serodan)
  • Macedonian: колона f (kolona)
  • Malay: lajur
  • Maori: tīwae
  • Norman: colonne f
  • Persian: ستون (fa) (sotun)
  • Polish: kolumna (pl) f
  • Portuguese: coluna (pt) f
  • Romanian: coloană (ro) f
  • Russian: коло́нка (ru) f (kolónka), графа́ (ru) f (grafá), столбе́ц (ru) m (stolbéc)
  • Scottish Gaelic: colbh m
  • Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic: сту́бац m, сту́пац m
    Roman: stúbac (sh) m, stúpac (sh) m
  • Slovak: stĺpec m
  • Slovene: stolpec (sl) m
  • Spanish: columna (es) f
  • Swedish: kolonn (sv) c (in maths), kolumn (sv) c (general)
  • Tagalog: tudling
  • Thai: สดมภ์ (th) (sà-dom)
  • Ukrainian: коло́нка f (kolónka), графа́ f (hrafá), сто́впчик m (stóvpčyk)

a vertical body of text

  • Arabic: خَانَة‎ f (ḵāna)
  • Armenian: սյունակ (hy) (syunak)
  • Bashkir: бағана (bağana)
  • Belarusian: слупо́к m (slupók), кало́нка f (kalónka), шпа́льта f (špálʹta), графа́ f (hrafá), калёнка f (kaljónka)
  • Bulgarian: коло́на (bg) f (kolóna), шпа́лта f (špálta)
  • Burmese: ဒေါင်လိုက် စာပိုဒ် c (daungluik capuid)
  • Catalan: corondell m, columna (ca) f
  • Chinese:
    Mandarin:  (zh) (lán),  (zh) (liè)
  • Czech: sloupec m
  • Danish: klumme c
  • Dutch: kolom (nl)
  • Esperanto: kolumno
  • Finnish: palsta (fi)
  • French: colonne (fr) f
  • German: Spalte (de) f, Druckspalte f, Kolumne (de) f
  • Hungarian: hasáb (hu)
  • Irish: colún m
  • Japanese:  (ja) (だん, dan)
  • Korean: 단(段) (ko) (dan)
  • Macedonian: шпалта f (špalta), колона f (kolona)
  • Maori: tīwae
  • Norwegian:
    Bokmål: spalte (no) m
    Nynorsk: spalt f
  • Portuguese: coluna (pt) f
  • Russian: столбе́ц (ru) m (stolbéc), графа́ (ru) f (grafá), коло́нка (ru) f (kolónka)
  • Slovak: stĺpec m
  • Slovene: stolpec (sl) m
  • Spanish: columna (es) f
  • Swedish: kolumn (sv) c, spalt (sv) c
  • Ukrainian: коло́нка f (kolónka), графа́ f (hrafá), сто́впчик m (stóvpčyk), шпа́льта m (špálʹta)

column of troops

  • Armenian: շարասյուն (hy) (šarasyun)
  • Belarusian: кало́на f (kalóna), калёна f (kaljóna)
  • Bulgarian: коло́на (bg) f (kolóna)
  • Catalan: columna (ca) f
  • Chinese:
    Mandarin: 縱隊纵队 (zh) (zòngduì)
  • Dutch: colonne (nl) f
  • Esperanto: kolono (eo)
  • Finnish: kolonna (fi), rivistö (fi)
  • German: Kolonne (de) f
  • Hungarian: hadoszlop (hu)
  • Indonesian: kolone (id), barisan (id)
  • Italian: colonna (it) f
  • Japanese: 縦列 (ja) (じゅうれつ, jūretsu)
  • Korean: 종렬(縱列) (jongnyeol)
  • Macedonian: колона f (kolona)
  • Maori: poupoutahi
  • Persian: ستون (fa) (sotun)
  • Polish: kolumna (pl) f
  • Portuguese: coluna (pt) f
  • Romanian: coloană (ro) f
  • Russian: коло́нна (ru) f (kolónna)
  • Slovak: rad m
  • Slovene: kolona f
  • Spanish: columna (es) f
  • Swedish: kolonn (sv) c
  • Ukrainian: коло́на f (kolóna)

newspaper column

  • Arabic: عَمُود‎ f (ʕamūd)
  • Armenian: սյունակ (hy) (syunak)
  • Bashkir: бағана (bağana)
  • Belarusian: кало́нка f (kalónka), слупо́к m (slupók), калёнка f (kaljónka)
  • Bulgarian: коло́на (bg) f (kolóna)
  • Burmese: ကော်လံ (my) (kaulam), စာမျက်နှာ ကော်လံ c (ca-myakhna kaulam)
  • Catalan: columna (ca) f
  • Chinese:
    Mandarin: 專欄专栏 (zh) (zhuānlán)
  • Czech: sloupek (cs) m
  • Danish: klumme c
  • Esperanto: kolumno
  • Estonian: veerg, leheveerg
  • Finnish: palsta (fi), kolumni (fi)
  • German: Kolumne (de) f
  • Greek: στήλη (el) f (stíli)
  • Hebrew: טוּר (he) m (tur)
  • Hungarian: hasáb (hu)
  • Indonesian: kolom (id)
  • Irish: colún m, colún páipéir m
  • Italian: colonna (it) f
  • Japanese: コラム (koramu)
  • Korean: 원고(原稿) (ko) (won’go), 칼럼 (ko) (kalleom)
  • Macedonian: колумна f (kolumna)
  • Malay: kolum
  • Maori: tīwae
  • Persian: ستون (fa) (sotun)
  • Polish: kolumna (pl) f
  • Portuguese: coluna (pt) f
  • Romanian: coloană (ro) f
  • Russian: коло́нка (ru) f (kolónka), разде́л (ru) m (razdél)
  • Scottish Gaelic: colbh m
  • Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic: колу̀мна f
    Roman: kolùmna (sh) f
  • Slovak: stĺpček m
  • Slovene: kolumna f
  • Spanish: columna (es) f
  • Swedish: kolumn (sv) c, spalt (sv) c
  • Thai: คอลัมน์ (th) (kɔɔ-lâm)
  • Ukrainian: коло́нка f (kolónka)

Further reading[edit]

  • column in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
  • “column”, in The Century Dictionary [], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

Dutch[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from English column, from Middle English columne, borrowed from Old French columne, from Latin columna (a column, pillar, post), originally a collateral form of columen, contraction culmen (a pillar, top, crown, summit). Doublet of kolom and holm.

Noun[edit]

column m (plural columns)

  1. A recurring opinion piece in a newspaper or magazine; a column
    Hyponym: cursiefje
    Hypernym: opiniestuk

[edit]

  • columnist

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I sometimes read in a gossip column that I was at a party when I was in Europe at the time. It sometimes feels I’ve got a Doppelganger somewhere.

Candace Bushnell

section

ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD COLUMN

From Latin columna, from columen top, peak; related to Latin collis hill.

info

Etymology is the study of the origin of words and their changes in structure and significance.

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section

PRONUNCIATION OF COLUMN

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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF COLUMN

Column is a noun.

A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES COLUMN MEAN IN ENGLISH?

column

Column

Column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member. The term column applies especially to a large round support with a capital and base and made of stone, or appearing to be so. A small wooden or metal support is typically called a post, and supports with a rectangular or other non-round section are usually called piers. For the purpose of wind or earthquake engineering, columns may be designed to resist lateral forces. Other compression members are often termed «columns» because of the similar stress conditions. Columns are frequently used to support beams or arches on which the upper parts of walls or ceilings rest. In architecture, «column» refers to such a structural element that also has certain proportional and decorative features. A column might also be a decorative element not needed for structural purposes; many columns are «engaged», that is to say form part of a wall.


Definition of column in the English dictionary

The first definition of column in the dictionary is an upright post or pillar usually having a cylindrical shaft, a base, and a capital. Other definition of column is a form or structure in the shape of a column. Column is also a monument.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH COLUMN

Synonyms and antonyms of column in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS OF «COLUMN»

The following words have a similar or identical meaning as «column» and belong to the same grammatical category.

Translation of «column» into 25 languages

online translator

TRANSLATION OF COLUMN

Find out the translation of column to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.

The translations of column from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «column» in English.

Translator English — Chinese


圆柱

1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English — Spanish


columna

570 millions of speakers

English


column

510 millions of speakers

Translator English — Hindi


स्तंभ

380 millions of speakers

Translator English — Arabic


عَمُود

280 millions of speakers

Translator English — Russian


колонна

278 millions of speakers

Translator English — Portuguese


coluna

270 millions of speakers

Translator English — Bengali


স্তম্ভ

260 millions of speakers

Translator English — French


colonne

220 millions of speakers

Translator English — Malay


kolum

190 millions of speakers

Translator English — German


Säule

180 millions of speakers

Translator English — Japanese


円柱

130 millions of speakers

Translator English — Korean


기둥

85 millions of speakers

Translator English — Javanese


Kolom

85 millions of speakers

Translator English — Vietnamese


cột

80 millions of speakers

Translator English — Tamil


பத்தியில்

75 millions of speakers

Translator English — Marathi


स्तंभ

75 millions of speakers

Translator English — Turkish


kolon

70 millions of speakers

Translator English — Italian


colonna

65 millions of speakers

Translator English — Polish


kolumna

50 millions of speakers

Translator English — Ukrainian


колона

40 millions of speakers

Translator English — Romanian


stâlp

30 millions of speakers

Translator English — Greek


στήλη

15 millions of speakers

Translator English — Afrikaans


kolom

14 millions of speakers

Translator English — Swedish


kolumn

10 millions of speakers

Translator English — Norwegian


søyle

5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of column

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «COLUMN»

The term «column» is very widely used and occupies the 4.806 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.

Trends

FREQUENCY

Very widely used

The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «column» in the different countries.

Principal search tendencies and common uses of column

List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «column».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «COLUMN» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «column» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «column» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about column

10 QUOTES WITH «COLUMN»

Famous quotes and sentences with the word column.

I think probably the thing I’m worst at is the most ephemeral stuff, like blogs. I find it really hard to write. And I’m often been asked to write columns for papers in Peru. And I can’t. I would die. There’s no way I could write a column.

I find interesting characters or lessons that resonate with people and sometimes I write about them in the sports pages, sometimes I write them in a column, sometimes in a novel, sometimes a play or sometimes in nonfiction. But at the core I always say to myself, ‘Is there a story here? Is this something people want to read?’

In my column series ‘The Main Thing’, I often talk about how Internet technology can improve the way people communicate — both within a business and between a business and its customers and partners.

Never in our country’s history have we witnessed a natural disaster that has impacted so many people in such a wide area. In fact, as of the writing of this column, millions of people along the Gulf Coast have been displaced from their homes in a period of only five days.

Usually, I take a hike for a while after submitting a column to Townhall. Too much of my insensitivity can cause emotional problems among proggies, and I am, after all, a compassionate man.

Now I’m instantly nervous about the demands of doing a weekly column.

When I turned 45, I lay in bed reflecting on all life had taught me. My soul sprang a leak and ideas flowed out. My pen simply caught them and set the words on paper. I typed them up and turned them into a newspaper column of the 45 lessons life taught me. When I hit 50, I added five more lessons and the paper ran the column again.

I sometimes read in a gossip column that I was at a party when I was in Europe at the time. It sometimes feels I’ve got a Doppelganger somewhere.

A good column is one that sells paper. It doesn’t matter how beautifully it is written and how much you admire the author… if it doesn’t sell any papers, it’s not a good column. It’s a terrible yardstick to use, but in the newspaper business, that’s the whole thing.

It’s unfortunate that a certain type of stripped-down classicism became the in-house architectural language for 20th-century fascism. Can an architectural language recover from such an association? Yes, I think it can, because in the end what you’re talking about is a column and beam.

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «COLUMN»

Discover the use of column in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to column and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.

This volume includes «A Primer in Column Generation» which outlines the theory and ideas necessary to solve large-scale practical problems, illustrated with a variety of examples.

Guy Desaulniers, Jacques Desrosiers, Marius M. Solomon, 2006

These works, which grew from Hemingway’s adventures as a newspaper correspondent in and around besieged Madrid, movingly portray the effects of war on soldiers, civilians, and the correspondents sent to cover it.

3

The Dancing Column: On Order in Architecture

A decade inpreparation, it is a deeply erudite, clearly written, and wide-ranging deconstruction of the systemof column and beam known as the «orders of architecture,» tracing the powerful and persistentanalogy between columns and/or …

4

The Art of Column Writing: Insider Secrets from Art …

Featuring some of the most famous columnists in the business, this guide reveals the secrets to becoming a syndicated newspaper columnist, through both the author’s own experiences and anecdotes from the respected writers who excel in their …

Suzette Martinez Standring, 2007

About Robert A. Heinlein: “Not only America’s premier writer of speculative fiction, but the great writer of such fiction in the world.”—Stephen King. “One of the grand masters of science fiction.”—Wall Street Journal

It concludes with an examination of the practical questions of column simulation, scale-up and control. The book is profusely illustrated throughout, with comprehensive glossary and nomenclature sections to assist newcomers to the field.

Jim A. Finch, Glenn Stephen Dobby, 1990

7

Insidious Foes : The Axis Fifth Column and the American Home …

In this book, Francis MacDonnell explains the origins and consequences of America’s Fifth Column panic, arguing that conviction and expedience encouraged President Roosevelt, the FBI, Congressmen, Churchill’s government, and Hollywood to …

The book clears up some of the confusion that surrounds the analytical use of supercritical fluids and assists the user in understanding the power and utility of this technique.

9

Column of Marcus Aurelius: The Genesis and Meaning of a …

Beckmann makes a thorough study of the form, content, and meaning of the infrequently studied Column of Marcus Aurelius.

10

Bubble column reactors

This technology, though used for many years, has shown great vitality recently and is still in a state of flux.

Wolf-Dieter Deckwer, Robert W. Field, 1992

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «COLUMN»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term column is used in the context of the following news items.

Gossip column: Sterling, De Gea, Ibrahimovic, Messi, Ings

Forward Raheem Sterling, 20, has told Liverpool he will not go on their pre-season tour of Australia and the Far East, which starts at the … «BBC Sport, Jul 15»

Food column: Stroll, sample ice cream to benefit nonprofits

Jeanie Mills, owner of Sweet Jeanie’s ice cream shop, moved with husband, David, to Grove City two years ago. She formerly lived in … «Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, Jul 15»

Bridge column for July 8

Both vulnerable. South deals. NORTH. ♤10 3. ♥A K 10. ♢A K 9 7 3. ♧A K 8. WEST EAST. ♤9 5 ♤7 4 2. ♥Q 7 4 ♥J 8 6 5. ♢Q J 10 8 6 4 ♢5 2. «STLtoday.com, Jul 15»

Column: Everyone loves a comeback…right?

Despite being reinstated by the NFL, training camps are nearly upon us and Ray Rice is still without a team. (AP Photo/Nick Wass). «WTOP, Jul 15»

Column: Learn about Kentucky guardianships laws

The Campbell County Attorney’s Office often gets calls concerning guardianships and what needs to be done to establish a guardianship. «Cincinnati.com, Jul 15»

David Hemsley’s speedway column: Is Swindon’s Darcy Ward set to …

The big story this week is whether or not Darcy Ward will form part of Swindon’s line-up for our Elite League fixture at Leicester Lions on … «Leicester Mercury, Jul 15»

Inside Football column: England help women’s game to ride crest of …

England’s success at the Women’s World Cup has presented a fantastic opportunity for the sport to grow across Leicestershire and Rutland. «Leicester Mercury, Jul 15»

COLUMN: Golf a family affair for Gallaghers

This was 35 years ago at the 1980 men’s State Amateur on the practice tee at Northwood Country Club in Meridian. The day’s golf was over, but … «Hattiesburg American, Jul 15»

Feral yard sale; Gloria Cortez on radio; SHINE shines; BEN Column

The column that says when soccer is put on the map in the United States, the women will put it there, and who didn’t know that? —. «NJ.com, Jul 15»

Column: Wake honors a champion, and he made the party

They came from 14 states, some 400 people filling the downtown Des Moines Holiday Inn tower with memories. On the Fourth of July, they … «DesMoinesRegister.com, Jul 15»

REFERENCE

« EDUCALINGO. Column [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/column>. Apr 2023 ».

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