Visual basic excel цвета

VBA Color Index Codes List

When using VBA to code the Colorindex (or background color) of a cell it is useful to know what integer will equal what color. Below is a reference picture which shows the color and lists it’s respective Colorindex. aka VBA Color Palette

Here’s the code to make one for yourself, or just bookmark this page:

Sub ColorRef()

Dim x As Integer

For x = 1 To 56
  If x < Then
    Cells(x, 1).Interior.ColorIndex = x
    Cells(x, 2) = x
  Else
    Cells(x - 28, 3).Interior.ColorIndex = x
    Cells(x - 28, 4) = x
  End If
Next x

End Sub

VBA ColorIndex Examples

Set Cell Background Color

This example sets the cell’s background color.

Range("A1").Interior.ColorIndex = 6

Set Cell Font Color

This example sets the cell’s font color.

Range("A1").Font.ColorIndex = 5

Set Cell Borders Color

This example sets the cell’s border color.

Range("A1").Borders.ColorIndex = 5

Get Cell Background ColorIndex

This example gets the cell’s background color and assigns it to an Integer variable.

Dim col as Integer

col = Range("A1").Interior.ColorIndex

Set a Cell Background Color to Another Cell’s Color

This example sets a cell color equal to another cell color.

Range("A1").Interior.ColorIndex  = Range("B1").Interior.ColorIndex

VBA Color Property

Instead of using Excel / VBA’s ColorIndex property, you can use the Color property. The Color property takes two input types:

1. vbColor
2. RGB Colors

We will discuss these below:

VB Color

VB Color is the easiest way to set colors in VBA. However, it’s also the least flexible.  To set a color code using vbColor use the table below:

However, as you can see from the table, your options are extremely limited.

Set Cell Background Color

Range("A1").Interior.Color = vbYellow

Set Cell Font Color

Range("A1").Font.Color = vbBlue

Set Cell Borders Color

Range("A1").Borders.Color = vbRed

Set a Cell Background Color to Another Cell’s Color

Range("A1").Interior.Color  = Range("B1").Interior.Color

RGB Colors

RGB stands for Red Green Blue. These are the three primary colors that can be combined to produce any other color. When entering colors as RGB, enter a value between 0 and 255 for each color code.

Here’s an example:

Range("A1").Interior.Color = RGB(255,255,0)

Above we’ve set Red = 255 (max value), Green = 255 (max value), and Blue = 0 (min value). This sets the cell background color to Yellow.

Instead we can set the cell font color to purple:

Range("A1").Interior.Color = RGB(128,0,128)

There are numerous online tools to find the RGB code for your desired color (here’s one).

ColorIndex Codes List & RGB Colors in Access VBA

Access uses forms to display data.  You can use the ColorIndex Codes to programmatically change the background color and foreground color of objects in your Access forms.

Private Sub cmdSave_Click()
'change the background color of the save button when the record is saved.
   DoCmd.RunCommand acCmdSaveRecord
   cmdSave.BackColor = vbGreen
End Sub

Заливка ячейки цветом в VBA Excel. Фон ячейки. Свойства
.Interior.Color и .Interior.ColorIndex. Цветовая модель RGB. Стандартная
палитра из 56 цветов.

1. Свойство .Interior.Color объекта Range
   • Заливка ячейки цветом в VBA Excel
   • Вывод сообщений о числовых значениях цветов
   • Использование предопределенных констант
   • Цветовая модель RGB
2. Свойство .Interior.ColorIndex объекта Range

Свойство .Interior.Color объекта Range

Начиная с Excel 2007 основным способом заливки диапазона или
отдельной ячейки цветом (зарисовки, добавления, изменения фона) является
использование свойства .Interior.Color объекта Range путем присваивания
ему значения цвета в виде десятичного числа от 0 до 16777215 (всего 
16777216 цветов).

Заливка ячейки цветом в VBA Excel

Пример кода 1:

Поместите пример кода в свой программный модуль и нажмите кнопку на
панели инструментов «Run Sub» или на клавиатуре «F5», курсор должен быть
внутри выполняемой программы. На активном листе Excel ячейки и
диапазон, выбранные в коде, окрасятся в соответствующие цвета.

Есть один интересный нюанс: если присвоить свойству .Interior.Color
отрицательное значение от -16777215 до -1, то цвет будет
соответствовать значению, равному сумме максимального значения палитры
(16777215) и присвоенного отрицательного значения. Например, заливка
всех трех ячеек после выполнения следующего кода будет одинакова:

Проверено в Excel 2016.

Вывод сообщений о числовых значениях цветов

Числовые значения цветов запомнить невозможно, поэтому часто
возникает вопрос о том, как узнать числовое значение фона ячейки.
Следующий код VBA Excel выводит сообщения о числовых значениях
присвоенных ранее цветов.

Пример кода 2:

Вместо вывода сообщений можно присвоить числовые значения цветов переменным, объявив их как Long.

Использование предопределенных констант

В VBA Excel есть предопределенные константы часто используемых цветов для заливки ячеек:

Присваивается цвет ячейке предопределенной константой в VBA Excel точно так же, как и числовым значением:

Пример кода 3:

Цветовая модель RGB

Цветовая система RGB представляет собой комбинацию различных по
интенсивности основных трех цветов: красного, зеленого и синего. Они
могут принимать значения от 0 до 255. Если все значения равны 0 — это
черный цвет, если все значения равны 255 — это белый цвет.

Выбрать цвет и узнать его значения RGB можно с помощью палитры Excel:

Открывается в новом окне

Чтобы можно было присвоить ячейке или диапазону цвет с помощью
значений RGB, их необходимо перевести в десятичное число, обозначающее
цвет. Для этого существует функция VBA Excel, которая так и называется
— RGB.

Пример кода 4:

Свойство .Interior.ColorIndex объекта Range

До появления Excel 2007 существовала только ограниченная палитра для
заливки ячеек фоном, состоявшая из 56 цветов, которая сохранилась и в
настоящее время. Каждому цвету в этой палитре присвоен индекс от 1 до
56. Присвоить цвет ячейке по индексу или вывести сообщение о нем можно с
помощью свойства .Interior.ColorIndex:

Пример кода 5:

Просмотреть ограниченную палитру для заливки ячеек фоном можно, запустив в VBA Excel простейший макрос:

Пример кода 6:

Номера строк активного листа от 1 до 56 будут соответствовать индексу
цвета, а ячейка в первом столбце будет залита соответствующим индексу
фоном.

Готовую стандартную палитру из 56 цветов можете посмотреть здесь .

Understanding Color Codes

Every color is identified by a unique number. For example, 255 represents Red. 16774980 represent a specific cyan.

You can also convert any decimal number to its Hexadecimal representation (or Hex for short). For example, that cyan color number equals FFF744 in Hex representation (use any decimal to hex converter you find on the web to see how it works).

You can assign the color codes to any Color property of any object in either their decimal or hex representation. Precede the Hex value with the &H prefix (our cyan code will be set to: &HFFF744). For example, the background color of cell A1 can be set to be cyan in one of the following two options:

Range("A1").Interior.Color = &HFFF744

Range("A1").Interior.Color = 16774980

Tip: to clear the background (Fill) color of a range, assign it the value -4142. Luckily, we have an Excel enumeration for that, so you do not need to remember the specific code, just assign xlNone like that:

Range("A1").Interior.Color = xlNone

The RGB representation of a color

Another way to represent a color is by its unique combination of the Red, Green and Blue components, or RGB in short. Each component takes a value between 1 and 255.

Our cyan color above has a mix of 68 red, 247 green and 255 blue.

VBA offers an RGB function to convert a mix of RGB values to the decimal code of a color, making it useful to assign an RGB mix to any Color property. Let’s set the font color of cell A1:

Range("A1").Font.Color = RGB(68,247,255)

You can use Excel to choose a color you like from the color selection dialog box to see its RGB values.

In recent Excel versions the Hex code of the color is also presented. If not, you can use any RGB to Hex converter (such as this one) to find the Hex code of a color.

The twist of Hex color codes in Excel

As you noticed, a hex color code contains 6 characters. That is a construction of two characters for the R (Red) code in the mix, two characters for the G (Green) and two characters for the B (Blue), resulting in the RGB mix that also uniquely identifies a color.

You may also know that colors in Webpages are also usually represented in their hex representation, preceded by the hash (“#”) symbol. You would expect that #FFF744 will show the cyan on a webpage. You would be surprised to see a bright yellow instead.

The reason is that while the Hex representation of a color is constructed by joining the RGB codes for the Web, Excel constructs its color codes by joining the BGR codes. Yep, the R and the B are swapped.

So, if you want to see our beautiful cyan on your Webpage, swap the first “FF” with the last “44” in our code, resulting to: #44F7FF.

By the way, you might want to remember that swapping trick when you set specific colors for different controls when you design your User Forms. This will be valid to represent our cyan code in any color property: &HFF3399.

Setting color codes as constants

Colors are a great candidate for constants, as in many cases their value doesn’t change that often, yet we still want a consistent and readable VBA code.

Constants can take any value, in both Hex and decimal. For example:

Public Const DATE_PICKER_BG_COLOR = &HFF3399

Tip: as constants cannot be assigned functions, RGB() cannot be used here. A quick way to find the numeric value of any RGB set would be using the Immediate Window in the VBA Editor (CTRL+G). To print out the numeric value of RGB(68,247,255), type in the following statement in the Immediate Window and press Enter: ?RGB(68,247,255)

Color codes enumerations

Excel VBA maintains enumerations for a bunch of popular colors. This means that you don’t have the know the color code of these colors, just use the enumeration label for the color you want.

For example, vbRed enumerates 255 (the color code for red). Print the value of vbGreen in the immediate Window, what do you get?

The enumerated colors are:

vbBlack, vbWhite, vbCyan, vbBlue, vbYellow, vbRed, vbMagenta, vbGreen.

Setting the font color of cell A1 to yellow, was never easier than:

Range("A1").Font.Color = vbYellow

Using the ColorIndex property

In addition to the Color property used to set the color of some Excel objects, you will also find the ColorIndex property for these objects.

The ColorIndex property is a legacy from way back versions of Excel, but still supported.

The idea here is a fixed collection of 56 colors, each assigned its own numeric index. See the table below:

If these 56 colors satisfy your eye, you can simply assign any of these index numbers to the ColorIndex property of an object to set (or read) its color, like that:

Range("A1").Interior.ColorIndex = 8

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In this article, let’s look at the various ways to set or remove the interior/background color of a cell or range – ie to fill the cell.  We’ll also have a look at how to fill a cell/range with a pattern. Finally, we’ll review how to get the color input from the user using xlDialogEditColor and working with color gradients.

Example 1: Set the color of a cell / range

The .Interior.Color property is used to set the color of a cell or a range. There are various methods in which we can do this.

'Using XlRgbColor Enumeration - for few cells in a row
Range("B2:D2").Interior.Color = rgbDarkGreen

'Using Color Constants - for a cell using row and column number
Cells(3, 2).Interior.Color = vbYellow

'Specifying the RGB values - using A1 notation
Range("B4").Interior.Color = RGB(255, 0, 0)

'Using Color Code - for few cells in a column
Range("B5:B6").Interior.Color = 15773696

'Using Color Index - for a range
Range("B7:D8").Interior.ColorIndex = 7

This is how the output will look

For more details, refer to article Excel VBA, Cell Fill Color

Example 2: Set the color of a an entire row

You can use the .Interior.Color property on an entire row. Say you want to highlight all rows where the value of a column satisfies a condition:

Sub highlightRows()
    Dim rowNo As Integer
    For rowNo = 3 To 12
        If Sheet1.Cells(rowNo, 3).Value < 30 Then
            Rows(rowNo).Interior.Color = vbRed
        End If
    Next
End Sub

Here is the Excel before and after executing the code.

Example 3: Set the color of a an entire column

Similar to Example 2, you can fill an entire column using:

'Set color for column
Columns(2).Interior.Color = vbCyan

Example 4: Remove the color from a cell / range

You can also remove the background color of a cell by setting it to xlNone

'Remove color
Range("A1").Interior.Color = xlNone

or you can set a cell to have automatic color using xlColorIndexAutomatic

'Set color to automatic
Range("A1").Interior.ColorIndex = xlColorIndexAutomatic

Example 5: Get the color code of a cell

You can also get the color code of a cell. The line below gets the color code of the color used to fill cell A1 and prints it in cell B1:

'gets the color code used to fill cell A1
Cells(1, 2) = Range("A1").Interior.Color

Example 6: Get the color input from the user using xlDialogEditColor

The xlDialogEditColor is a dialog used to get a color code from the user. This dialog has 2 tabs: Standard and which we will see soon.

Syntax:

intResult = Application.Dialogs(xlDialogEditColor).Show(intIndex, [intRed], [intGreen], [intBlue])

intResult: Zero if the user cancels the dialog and -1 if the user selects a color.
intIndex: Selected color when the edit color dialog is opened. It is also used as an identifier to get the value of the color selected by the user. (More details below).
intRed, intGreen, intBlue: Red, blue and green components of a color

There are 2 methods for calling this dialog:

1. Displaying the standard tab: If only the intIndex is specified and the last 3 parameters are omitted, standard tab will be displayed. intIndex will decide the color index initially selected in the standard tab. This is a number between zero and 56.

intResult = Application.Dialogs(xlDialogEditColor).Show(20)

2. The custom tab is initially displayed. If all the 4 parameters, including the RGB values, are specified, the custom tab will be displayed.

 
intResult = Application.Dialogs(xlDialogEditColor).Show(20, 100, 100, 200) 

So, here is the complete code to get the color code from the user:

Sub changeColor()

Dim intResult As Long, intColor As Long

'displays the color dialog
intResult = Application.Dialogs(xlDialogEditColor).Show(40, 100, 100, 200)

'gets the color selected by the user
intColor = ThisWorkbook.Colors(40)

'changes the fill color of cell A1
Range("A1").Interior.Color = intColor

End Sub

Note: The intIndex specified in the xlDialogEditColor (40 in our example) is also the index used by ThisWorkbook.Colors. You need to make sure that these two numbers match.

Example 7: Gradient’s Colors

You can create a gradient using “xlPatternLinearGradient”

Range("A1").Interior.Pattern = xlPatternLinearGradient

It will look like this:

A gradient can have one or more colorStops, and each ColorStop has a position (a value between 0 and 1) and a color property. When you create a gradient, by default, the gradient has two ColorStop objects. One of the color stop objects has the position 1 and the other has the position 2. In order to be able to fully use the gradient properties in VBA, it is best to change the default positions to 0 and 1. In this way we would be able to have additional positions (colorStops) in between (i.e 0.5, 0.3). Let us now look at an example.

Sub multiColorStops()
Dim objColorStop As ColorStop
Dim lngColor1 As Long

'First create a gradient
Range("A1").Interior.Pattern = xlPatternLinearGradient

'Changes orientation to vertical (default is horizontal) - optional
Range("A1").Interior.Gradient.Degree = 90

'Clears all previous colorStop objects as they are at position 1 and 2
Range("A1").Interior.Gradient.ColorStops.Clear

'Start creating multiple colorStops at various positions from 0 to 1
Set objColorStop = Range("A1").Interior.Gradient.ColorStops.Add(0)

'Set the color for each colorstop
objColorStop.Color = vbYellow

Set objColorStop = Range("A1").Interior.Gradient.ColorStops.Add(0.33)
objColorStop.Color = vbRed

Set objColorStop = Range("A1").Interior.Gradient.ColorStops.Add(0.66)
objColorStop.Color = vbGreen

Set objColorStop = Range("A1").Interior.Gradient.ColorStops.Add(1)
objColorStop.Color = vbBlue

End Sub

The final result will look like this.

For more details, please refer to the article Excel VBA, Gradient’s Colors

Example 8: Color Patterns

Using VBA, you can also apply various patterns to cells in Excel. The patterns available can be seen in the snapshot below (Right click on a Cell > Format Cells > Fill tab > Pattern Style):

The pattern of a cell can be changed using the xlPattern enumeration. The code below changes the pattern of cell A1 to the checker pattern:

range("A1").Interior.Pattern = XlPattern.xlPatternChecker

Result:

You can also change the color of the pattern using the code below:

Range("A1").Interior.PatternColor = vbBlue

Result:

You can get a complete list of the XlPattern Enumeration in Excel here.

To get the index (as specified in the link above) of the pattern applied in a cell use:

MsgBox Range("A1").Interior.Pattern

It will display 9 for the checker pattern that we have applied earlier

For more details, refer to the article Excel VBA, Fill Pattern