Vietnamese word for no - Word и Excel - помощь в работе с программами

Vietnamese has many different way of saying “yes”, just like in English when you say “yes sir” to someone older than you, and “ya” to someone younger than you. Vietnamese has có, ừ, dạ, vâng and more.

The way you say “yes” in Vietnamese depends on:

the age of the listener;
whether you are providing a factual answer to a yes/no question (e.g., “Are you from Canada?”); or
whether you are agreeing to a request (e.g, “Do you want to eat now?”) or acknowledging someone.

English has just one word (yes) for all of the above situations, but Vietnamese makes a distinction — and so must you.

For “no”, there is really only one word (không), which you will use a lot!

^{· Có – pronounced like caw with an up-tone.}

Có is used to answer factual, boolean questions that have a yes/no answer. For example, “do you sell banh mi?” or “do you have a brother?”

In contrast, there is a different kind of “yes” that is meant to either acknowledge someone or to consent to a request, similar to the English “okay” or “yes I agree”. For example, “Hey, are you there?” or “do you want to go to the movies?” For these types of questions, you must answer with được, dạ, vâng or ừ.

^{· Được – pronounced with a hard D dew-uck.}

Được has a French “uh” and a short down-tone. You can use được with anyone of any age; it the equivalent of “okay”.

^{· Dạ – pronounced like “za!” with a short down-tone.}

Use dạ when you are speaking with someone older than you or in formal situations (like “okay sir”). It is mostly used for acknowledging someone, or agreeing to do something, or giving your consent.

^{· Vâng – pronounced like vung.}

Vâng has the same meaning as dạ, and should be used with people who are older than you.

^{· Ừ – pronunced ew like a French “u” with a down-tone.}

You can only say ừ to people younger than you. Like dạ or vâng, it is used the same way as an English “okay”, such as when you acknowledge someone calling at you.

How to say “No” in Vietnamese? – Không

^{· Không – pronounced like hchum with a hard-aspirated “kh”.}

The kh is like the Scottish “ch” in loch. The ông sounds like “um”. Fortunately, không is the only no-phrase you really need to know. It is also a fun word to pronounce — it sounds like Homer Simpson chumping on a donut.

How to say “okay” in Vietnamese?

The English word “okay” has been absorbed into Vietnamese. Even old people now say it among themselves. It is just one of many examples of of the Anglicization of Vietnamese.

Officially, the words “vâng, ừ, được, and dạ” are all equivalent to “okay”. Được is the most neutral and universal, whereas dạ is reserved for people older than you, and ừ is spoken to people younger than you.

Thumbs-up in Vietnamese

If you can’t remember all the various ways of saying yes/okay in Vietnamese, you can communicate effectively with a thumbs-up. Some hand-gestures are foreign to Vietnamese (like the British two-finders), while the thumbs-up is understood and used throughout Vietnam.

Cross your arms in Vietnamese for “No!”

If you forget how to pronounce không (no) and desperately need to communicate a hard “no!”, a very effective hand-gesture is to cross your arms like an X. This seems to stop Vietnamese people in their tracks, and is more recognizable than shaking your head or waving your hands.

Remember the X, it is super-useful, like if someone is being very pushy or trying to sell you something: an X will stop them!

Other Helpful Vietnamese Expressions

Interested in learning more? Please see our Word Of The Day blog that provides more expressions and key cultural insights about Vietnam, through the lens of helpful words and phrases.

Hello! – Xin Chào
Good-bye – Tạm biệt
How are you today? – Ăn cơm chưa?
Please excuse me – Xin lỗi
Thank you – Cảm ơn
I don’t understand – Tôi không hiểu
15 Essential Phrases for tourists in Vietnam

Will is a researcher in Toronto who has lived and worked in Vietnam. On his own journey learning Vietnamese, he realized the best way to learn a language is to embed the lessons in stories, cultural insights and history.

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How to Say No in VietnameseAdvertisement

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If you want to know how to say no in Vietnamese, you will find the translation here. We hope this will help you to understand Vietnamese better.

Here is the translation and the Vietnamese word for no:

Không
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No in all languages

Dictionary Entries near no

nit
nitrate
nitrogen
no
No chance
no choice
no comment

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«No in Vietnamese.» In Different Languages, https://www.indifferentlanguages.com/words/no/vietnamese. Accessed 14 Apr 2023.

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become widespread
congratulations
disorganized
Glad to hear it
greetings
mission
or
ourselves
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This is a guide to saying no in different languages broken up by language family including the Indo-European languages of the Americas and Europe; the Afro-Asiatic languages of Arabic, Hebrew, Maltese and Swahili; the Sino-Tibetan languages of Mandarin Chinese and Burmese or Myanmar; and finally, learn how to say no in Vietnamese, part of the Austroasiatic language family. Learn how to say and pronounce no, yes, and other related words and phrases in each language. Learn a little bit about the history of the language and read a saying or proverb from that language that includes a negative word like no, nor, or none.

1

Say nee in Afrikaans to say no. No in Afrikaans is pronounced differently than it is spelled and should sound like nee-yu. ^[1] To say yes you say ja. It is a long and low sound with an h sound like ya-hu. ^[2] Afrikaans is one of the languages of South Africa. It is a descendant of Dutch, a West Germanic language, brought to the Dutch colony of the Cape of Good Hope in Africa by European settlers in the 17th century.^[3] Afrikaans evolved from a mixture of Dutch and other languages including Bantu, Khoisan languages, and English. ^[4] There are approximately 10 million people total who speak Afrikaans as a native language. It is spoken mostly in South Africa, but it is also spoken some in Botswana, Namibia and Eswatini.^[5]
2
Say não in Portuguese to say no. The pronunciation of não is nõw, and you say it as you would in English but the ow is more nasalized. In Portuguese yes is sim, and it is pronounced as see or as if you are saying the first half of the word sing in English. Portuguese is a Romance language with Latin roots spoken by around 220 million people in the world mainly in Portugal and Brazil but also in other countries like Mozambique, Cape Verde, and Angola Guinea-Bissau, São Tomé and Príncipe.^[6] Portuguese is the sixth most spoken language in the world. ^[7]
- A Portuguese quote containing the word no is, Não há remédio para o amor, exceto amar ainda mais, meaning that there is no remedy for love but to love more.
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3
Say niet to say no in Russian. No is pronounced nyet. ^[8]Niet is written Нет in Russian and is the most common Russian word. The Russian word for yes is da. It is pronounced duh. Yes written in Russian is Да. Russian is the eighth most spoken language in the world with 145 million native speakers and 110 second language speakers. It is an official language in the following countries: Abkhazia, which is a part of Georgia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Transnistria, which is a part of Moldova.^[9]
- An expression with the word no in Russian is, Нет. Без муки нет науки. Directly translated this means “without torture no science.” The equivalent meaning in English is something like, “adversity is a good teacher.”
4
Say nein to say no in German. The emphasis is on the «ei» sound when you pronounce the word nein. Ja is how you say yes in German. German is the tenth most spoken language in the world with 101 million native speakers and 128 million second language speakers. It is an official language of Austria, Belgium, Germany, Italy (South Tyrol), Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Poland, Switzerland.^[10]
- You can say “no way” in German by saying, Auf keinen Fall. ^[11]
- Nicht is the equivalent of not in English.
- Kein is another word for no and can mean not any, no one, nobody, none, and not.^[12]Niemals means never in German. ^[13]
- A saying with a negation in German is, Wenn der Reiter nichts taugt, ist das Pferd schuld. The literal translation of this saying is, “If the rider is no good, it’s the horse’s fault.” This means that one should take responsibility for his/her actions and not blame others or the circumstances for one’s loses.
5
Say nahi to say no in Hindi. In Hindi, no is written नहीं. No is pronounced nahin and the pronunciation is soft. The emphasis is on the na at the beginning of the word, and the n is nasal. Yes in Hindi is pronounced haa and is spelled हाँ. Hindi is the second most spoken language in the world. 370 million people speak Hindi as their native language and 120 million speak it as a second language. It is an official language in Fiji and India. ^[14]
- To say no more politely, add ji to the beginning or end of nahi. This is the same for yes, haa.
- Although Hindi is the official language of India, there are 22 major languages and 720 dialects spoken in India. ^[15]
- A quote that says no in Hindi is, जल में रहकर मगर से बैर ठीक नहीं which translates to you should not have enmity with the crocodile if you are living in the water and means that you should strive to have good relationships with the people you have to live or work with.^[16]
- There are 3 stylistic varieties of Hindi: one used in high courts, journalism, literature, philosophy and religion; another Persianized version that is used in lower courts, films and some genres of literature; and a third Anglicized version for business administration, colleges, and science and technical journals. ^[17]
6
Say voch to say no in Armenian. In Armenian, no is written as ոչ and is pronounced votch. Ha is how you say yes in Armenian. Che and ayo are another way to say no and yes in Armenian, respectively. There are approximately 6.7 million people who speak Armenian in the world. 3.4 million live in Armenia and the majority of the remainder live in Georgia and Russia. However, there are also smaller populations of Armenians in Lebanon, Egypt, Azerbaijan, Iraq, France, the United States, and Bulgaria.
- In Modern Armenian there are two written versions, Western Armenian, Arewmtahayerên, and Eastern Armenian, Arewelahayerên. There are also many dialects of Armenian although the number has been drastically reduced since 1915 when the massacres in Turkey began an exodus.^[18]
- A quote that includes no in Armenian is, Ոչ իմ հալը, ոչ քո հարսանիք գալը, or Voch im hal, voch qo harsaniq gal. The literal translation means, neither my situation, nor you coming to a wedding. And it means something like, I am not in the mood for what you’re doing right now.^[19]
7

Say non in French. Non is «no» in French.

1
Say lo to say no in Hebrew. Lo is pronounced loh. The oh has a low tone, and the emphasis in the pronunciation is on the «L» sound. In Hebrew, yes is written כן, and it is pronounced ken. In ancient times, Hebrew was spoken in Palestine and was starting to be replaced by the Western Aramaic dialect by the 3rd century. In the 9th century, the spoken language of Hebrew declined except in liturgical practices and literature. It wasn’t until the 19th and 20th century that the language was revived and made the official language of Israel when it became a nation in 1948. There approximately 5 million native speakers of Hebrew.^[20]
- Hebrew has 22 letters and is written from right to left in a Semitic script. ^[21]
- In Hebrew, “I have no idea” is transliterated as, ein li mu-sag and is written, אין לי מושג.^[22]
- A Hebrew saying with lo is, מרוב עצים לא רואים את היער, and it is transliterated as merov etzim lo ro’im eth ha’ya’ar. Directly translated it means that the trees can’t see the forest,and is the same as the English saying that means you should be careful to keep the big picture in mind when struggling through day-to-day life.^[23]
2
Say la in Arabic to say no. You pronounce la with a glottal stop at the end of the word laa’. An example of a glottal stop is between the words “uh” and “oh” in “uh-oh.”^[24] To say “no thank you” in the Lebanese dialect of Arabic you would say la` cukran. It is written in Arabic, لا شكرا. To say yes in Arabic is na’am’ or نعم and is pronounced naäam. The middle “a” has a sound like a soft aargh.^[25] Arabic is the language of the Qurʾān and the religious language of all muslim people, and it is the most developed of the Semitic languages.
- Arabic is spoken in Northern Africa, the Arabian peninsula, and parts of the Middle East.There are many countries with Arabic as an official language including Algeria, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Niger, Oman, Palestinian Territories, Saudi Arabia, Quatar, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Western Sahara, and Yemen.
- Arabic is the fifth most spoken language in the world with 206 million native speakers and 24 million second language speakers.^[26]
- To say, “I have no idea,” you would say, La adril! In Arabic it is written as, لاأدري.
- A quote in Egyptian Arabic with la is transliterated as la yuldaġ il-mo’men min goHr marratein. Written in Arabic it is, لا يلدغ المؤمن من جحر مرتين, and it literally means the believer is not bitten from the same hole twice. Which is the equivalent to the saying in English, «Fool me once, shame on you; fool me twice, shame on me.^[27]
3
Say le in Maltese to say no. Le is pronounced as it looks. ^[28]Iva is yes in Maltese and it is pronounced Eve-a. The Maltese language is close to being a dialect of Arabic, being most closely related to Algerian or Tunisian dialects of Arabic, and it is a Semitic language spoken on the island of Malta. Unlike dialects of Arabic, however, Maltese is heavily influenced by Italian and Sicilian. Also unlike Arabic, Maltese is written in a Latin script. There are two dominant variations of Maltese split by class between the educated upper and middle classes living near cities like the capital, Valletta, and the industrial and agricultural classes that speak a dialect closer to the Arabic roots of Maltese. There are roughly half a million people who speak Maltese in the world.
- Malta is an archipelago located in the Mediterranean sea between the Northern coast of Africa and Sicily. Malta was first populated by Arabs in 870 CE who stayed until 1090 when it was taken over by Europeans. Malta was ruled by various Europeans including the Sicilians until 1530, the Italians until 1798, and finally the British until 1964 when Malta gained independence.
- To say, never you would say quatt pronounced ’at. Nothing in Maltese is xejn pronounced sheyn. To say, none you would say hadd pronounced had.
- A quote from Maltese is, Hadd ma jiehu xejn mieghu, and it means something like no one takes anything with him after he dies.^[29]
4
Say hapana in Swahili to say no. The emphasis is on the «AP» when you pronounce the word hapana. To say yes in Swahili, you would say ndiyo. Swahili is a Bantu language that is the native language of around 10 million people. Most importantly, Swahili is the lingua franca of Eastern Africa and is used to as a bridge language for Africans of different dialects and languages that is used to communicate all the way from Kenya to Tanzania, including the African Great Lakes region.^[30]
- Swahili is a hybrid between the Arabic and Bantu languages. In its beginning, Swahili developed through the contact of Arabic traders with the Bantu-speaking tribes. Much of its vocabulary is borrowed from Arabic while the grammar is from the Bantu language. The original scripts that are found of Swahili were written in Arabic but Swahili now uses the Roman alphabet.^[31]
- To say, «No thank you» in Swahili you would say, Hapana asante. ^[32]
- A quote with hapana in Swahili is kuambizana kuko kusikilizana hapana. and means that no one ever listens to advice.

1
Say Bù to say no in Mandarin Chinese. No is written 不 and pronounced bu4. ^[33] «Not» in Mandarin is very similar and is written 不是 and pronounced bu2shi4. The 4 in the pronunciation means that it is a high tone falling and should be said like a curt command in English. In Mandarin, there are five tones which determine the meaning of words. The tone determines the meaning of the word as much as the difference between the words horse and mother. For example, depending on the tone given to the word «ma» in Mandarin, it could mean mother (妈), flax (麻), horse (马), scold (骂), or a question participle (吗). ^[34]^[35]
- Mandarin is the most spoken language in China as well as the world. There are 873 million native speakers of Chinese and 178 million second language speakers. It is an official language in China and Singapore. People in the north of the Yangtze River in China speak Mandarin along with other parts of the population, and overall, it is the native language of ⅔ of the population.
- There are four types of Mandarin spoken in China with the most prominent form being the form in the capital, Beijing. The form in Beijing is considered Modern Standard Chinese or Guoyu.^[36]
- To say “No, thank you,” you would say bu2xie4, and it is written as 不谢. The tone 2 means that the pronunciation of bu2xie4 is a middle pitch that is rising, much like a question in English. The 4 means that it is a high tone falling and should be said like a curt command in English. An informal way to say, “No need to thank me” or “Not at all” in Mandarin is bu2yong4xie4. It is written, 不用谢.
- A quote with bù in Mandarin is 不作死就不会死 or bù zuō sǐ jiù bú huì sǐ. Literally translated it means «no zuo no die» which means that if you don’t do foolish things, you won’t be in danger of the repercussions of your folly. ^[37]
2
Say ma ho bu in Burmese, or Myanmar, to say no. When using a negation in Burmese, you use the structures, ma + ___ + bu or ma + ___ + neh. The first indicates that the verb did not accomplish what it does, for example, nei ma kaing bu means you did not touch it. Nei ma kaing neh structure means that the verb must not be successful, and the translation is “you do not touch it.” To say yes in Burmese, you say ho de.^[38] Burmese is spoken in Myanmar, which was formally known as Burma, and it is located in the western part of mainland Southeast Asia.^[39]
- “Never” in Burmese is be daw hma. “No problem” in Burmese is pyat tha nar ma hoat ba bu.
- The rounded script of written Burmese comes from the use of palm leaves as the original writing materials. Early Burmese script can be found from as early as the 11th century, and this script was a derivative of the Pāli alphabet of India and Taiwan.^[40]
- Burmese is a tonal language like Mandarin and has three tones, high, low, and creaky as well as a stopped and reduced tone.

1
Say không to say no in Vietnamese. No is pronounced khong. To say “No, thank you” in Vietnamese you would say, Da Không Cảm ơn which is pronounced «Ya’a kohng gam uhhn.» ^[41] The respectful way to say yes in Vietnamese is to say, da pronounced ya’a. Another way to give an affirmative is vâng pronounced vuhng.^[42]
- Vietnamese is the official language of Vietnam and is spoken by approximately 70 million people. The dialects in Vietnamese do not differ much more than those of the various parts of the United States except for two rural dialects, Hue and Vinh. Standard Vietnamese is the dialect of the educated near Hanoi, the capital. As a language, much of Vietnamese vocabulary has been borrowed from Chinese.
- A quote with Không is, Điếc không sợ súng and it means that he who knows nothing doubts nothing. ^[43]

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How do you say no in Japanese?

いいえ。It’s pronounced as iie. Note: If you don’t hold the «ii» long enough where it sounds like «ie», you’ll be saying house. Don’t mix them up.
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What is the Greek word for «no?»

It’s pronounced «OH-khee.» The «kh» is a very soft «k» mixed with an «h.»
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Where can I find out how to say «no» in other languages?

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Article SummaryX

To say no in French, say “Non.” In German, say “Nein,” just like the number. In Russian, you’d say “Niet.” In Hindi, which is the official language of India, you say, “Nahi.” In Arabic, you say “la.” Arabic is spoken in Northern Africa and some Middle Eastern countries. To learn to say no in Mandarin and Vietnamese, read on!

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EngToViet.com | English to Vietnamese Translation

English-Vietnamese Online Translator

English Word Index:

A . B . C . D . E . F . G . H . I . J . K . L . M . N . O . P . Q . R . S . T . U . V . W . X . Y . Z .

Vietnamese Word Index:
A . B . C . D . E . F . G . H . I . J . K . L . M . N . O . P . Q . R . S . T . U . V . W . X . Y . Z .

Đây là việt phiên dịch tiếng anh. Bạn có thể sử dụng nó miễn phí. Hãy đánh dấu chúng tôi:

Vietnamese Translator. English to Viet Dictionary and Translator. Tiếng Anh vào từ điển tiếng việt và phiên dịch. Formely VietDicts.com.

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So we have learned in the overview about Vietnamese grammar that it has the same Subject + Verb + Object (SVO) sentence structure as English. If you haven’t gone through that lesson, it’s highly recommended you read it before proceeding with this lesson because you can find there the big picture of Vietnamese Grammar as well as the most important differences from English.

The grammar of Vietnamese nouns is plain and simple. There is no singular and plural form: pen in two pen has the same form as pen in one pen: no adding of suffix –s whatsoever.

Vietnamese Measure words

In English, we know that there are countable nouns, which can be counted such as pens and books, and uncountable nouns, which are uncountable such as water, air. For countable nouns, we simply use them directly, and with numbers when needed, as in I have 2 books. On the other hand, as uncountable nouns such as water can’t be counted, we need to use “containers” such as “glass” or “bottle” for water.

In Vietnamese, we’ll use “containers” for uncountable nouns as in English. However, for countable nouns, we also need to put in front of them a type of words known as measure words or classifiers. To illustrate this, let’s take the simple sentence: I have a book. Its direct word-by-word Vietnamese translation is Tôi(“I”) có(“have”) một(“a”) sách(“book”)”.

If you use the above direct translation Tôi có một sách, native speakers would still completely understand what you mean. In addition, they’d also know that you are…still learning the Vietnamese Grammar! Here, even though book is a countable noun, we still need to use its measure word, which is quyển. The correct translation is thus: Tôi có một quyển sách.

The reason why every (countable) noun in Vietnamese needs a measure word is that nouns alone without their measure words carry an abstract meaning. For example, sách, without its measure word quyển, arouses a general abstract notion, similar to what the plural form books does to English speakers. Its measure word has the effect of “concretize” that abstract meaning into a specific book instance, which is countable.

This explains why in Reading books is a very effective way of learning, the Vietnamese translation of books is just sách, without its measure word since we are not talking about any particular book but just books in general. In English, to refer to such a general notion, we normally use plural nouns. In Vietnamese, this is expressed by using nouns without their measure words: givent that read translates into đọc, the phrase reading books in our example is therefore translated to đọc sách, not đọc quyển sách.

About counting using numbers, how do you translate I have two books given that hai is the translation of two? Yes, it’s Tôi có hai quyển sách. From this example, we see that measure words should be put closer to their nouns than numbers. Indeed, there is no type of word that can separate a noun and its measure word!

We have seen one measure word: quyển for sách(“book”). You can find the most common measure words and their brief usage in the following list.

The common measure words:

cái/chiếc: for most inanimate objects. When both are interchangeable, “chiếc” is more formal.
con: for animals and children.
bài: for songs, drawings, poems, essays and the likes.
câu: for sentential units of verses, lyrics, quotes.
cây: for stick-like objects such as umbrella, sticks.
quả/trái: for round-shape objects such as fruits.
quyển/cuốn: for book-type objects: book, magazine.
tờ: for sheets of paper or newspaper.
lá: for smaller sheets of paper such as letters, cards.

If you are interested in learning more about measure words, you can find more information at [1].

That’s about it for measure words. There are quite a couple of them so it may takes you some time. Beyond that, please take note of the point about the absence of measure words when expressing general notions.

The next section introduces the commonly used articles (“a”, “an”, “the”) and demonstratives (“this”, “that”, “these”, “those”)

Articles and Demonstratives

It’s commonly acknowledged that a/an and the are among the words(to be more precise, articles) that are used extensively in English. And the same holds true for the demonstrative determiners this, that, these and those. This is the reason why it would probably be good to know how to translate them into Vietnamese.

As a quick recap, the two words a and an are used in English to refer to a singular and indefinite noun, a noun which has not been clearly specified or previously mentioned as in I have a grammar book. The word the is just the opposite, referring to definite nouns. In Vietnamese, it’s generally the case that a or an is translated to một, which is actually the literal translation of one; and the is either translated to này or kia, which are the literal translations of this and that in that order, or it’s dropped completely.

I have	a	grammar book.
Tôi có	một	quyển sách ngữ pháp.

This Vietnamese way of translating a/an to “một” is actually not too peculiar since we could have written the example English sentence using one instead of a: I have one grammar book although the use of one may lead to a slight change of emphasis.

Let’s now shift our focus to the with this example: I have just bought a book. The book is about learning foreign languages. As you can see, the second mention of book is qualified by the thanks to its first mention in the previous sentence. The translation of the book in the second sentence is quyển sách đó. Let’s analyse this translation snippet in more details:

As indicated in the table, đó is the translation of that. In Vietnamese, there is no direct equivalent of the and in order to express the definiteness of an object we would instead use this, that, these or those. You might have also noticed that đó is put after the noun sách, which is a general rule. As a quick exercise, given that this translates to này, how do you translate the phrase this book into Vietnamese? Well, the translation process in slow motion goes like this: this book –> book this —> quyển sách này. Feeling okay? Just a bit more and you would become a master of Vietnamese nouns.

It’s proper time we give an example in which the needs no translation. Consider the sentence The weather is sunny today (and of course, you’re feeling happy :). In English, there is no doubt that we need the with weather. In Vietnamese, however, there is no grammatical requirementfor an equivalent of the: weather alone is the correct way. Similarly, the translation of the sun in the sun rises in the east is just mặt trời(“sun”).

Last but not least, the translation of these and those are slightly less easy than those of this and that. Recall that this book is translated into the order book this. The phrase these books is not translated simply in the order books these because there is no one-word direction translation of these. The correct translation of these is Những … này wherethe the 3 dots is the place of nouns. As such, these books is translated into những (quyển sách) này. By the way, can you recall where did you see the word này? If you say it’s the translation of this: well-done!

The translation of those is Những … đó. Do you find anything in common? The word những? Yes, it’s the word encoding plurality in our translations.

Pronouns

We’ve briefly discussed “subject pronouns”, which include I, You, He/She, etc. in English. The only difficulty in using subject pronouns in Vietnamese that there is no single translation of, for example, I and the correct one to use varies with the situation. An in-depth discussion on the various ways of usage for subject pronouns can be found at [2].

Examples of “object pronouns” include me, you, him, her, etc. In Vietnamese, this is simple: the same word is used for both I and me! In other words, subject and object pronouns are the same in Vietnamese.

Possessive pronouns in English refer to such words as my, your, his, her, etc. The Vietnamese equivalents are given below:

my	của tôi
your	của bạn
his	của anh
her	của cô

The important difference is that while possessive pronouns are put in front of nouns in English, they are put after nouns in Vietnamese. Consider the following example:

Example:

Đây	là	quyển sách	của tôi
This	is	book	my

The literal English translation of của tôi is of me so that the way to say This is my book in Vietnamese is to say This is the book of me. The only note here is that because there are different ways to translate me, there are different ways to translate of me or my.

That’s about it for possessive pronouns. Let’s summarise what we’ve learned in this short lesson:

Summary

In this lesson on Vietnamese nouns, we’ve gone through the following important aspects:

There is no plural form of nouns: only one form for both singular and plural meanings.
Nouns, whether countable or not, require the use of measure words in front of them. When used in the abstract sense, measure words are not used.
This and that are put after the nouns they modify. These and Those are translated into Những … + này/kia,respectively.
The way to express my book in Vietnamese is book of me.

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