Vba excel type in cell

This article will demonstrate the use of the VBA TypeName Function.

The VBA TypeName Function is used in determining the type of data stored in a cell, or the type of a selected object – for example a worksheet, range or cell, or a control on a form.

Determining the Data Type in a Cell

To determine was datatype in in a cell we can use the TypeName function with the Cells Property.

Sub TestCellDataType()
  MsgBox "The type of data in " & Cells(3, 2).Address & " is " & TypeName(Cells(3, 2).Value)
End Sub

If we run this code above with the worksheet below, the message box will tell us what type of data is in the cell.

Determining the type of Object Selected

We can also use TypeName to determine what type of Object has been selected in a worksheet – a Range or a Chart for example.

Sub TestSelection()
  MsgBox "You have selected a " & TypeName(Selection)
End Sub

Or, if we select a chart:

We can drill down even further and select the objects within the chart, and the macro will return what we have selected.

All of this can be most useful in building our VBA project to either control the flow of the code, or to prevent errors from occurring by testing to ensure the correct type of object is selected, or the correct type of data is entered into a cell.

Using TypeName on Form Controls

VBA enables us to create interactive forms that the user can fill in and return data to the code to be used in various ways.  We can use the TypeName operator to determine the type of controls that are being used on a form.

In the example below, I have created a user form with a variety of controls on it – a couple of Text Boxes, a Combo Box, 2 option buttons, 2 check boxes and 3 command buttons.

Using the code below, I can determine what type of controls are on the form by looping through all the controls on the form. I have used the TypeName function to return a message with the type of the control with a VBA IF Statement to check what type of control is selected.

Sub WhatControlType()
  Dim ctl As Object
  For Each ctl In Me.Controls
     MsgBox "The control is a " & TypeName(ctl)
  Next ctl
End Sub

This type of code can be very useful if we wish to enable or disable controls. In the code below, when the form is first opened, the option buttons and check boxes are disabled.

Private Sub UserForm_Initialize()
  Dim ctl As Object
  For Each ctl In Me.Controls
     If TypeName(ctl) = "CheckBox" Then
       ctl.Enabled = False
     ElseIf TypeName(ctl) = "OptionButton" Then
       ctl.Enabled = False
    Else
       ctl.Enabled = True
    End If
  Next ctl
End Sub

To enable the option buttons and checkboxes, I have written some further code behind the Enable Controls button.

Private Sub cmdEnable_Click()
  Dim ctl As Object
  For Each ctl In Me.Controls
     If TypeName(ctl) = "CheckBox" Then
        ctl.Enabled = Not ctl.Enabled
     ElseIf TypeName(ctl) = "OptionButton" Then
        ctl.Enabled = Not ctl.Enabled
     End If
  Next ctl
End Sub

The functionality in this code can also be created using the VBA TypeOf Operator.

Свойство Worksheet.Cells (Excel)

Возвращает объект Range , представляющий все ячейки на листе (а не только используемые в данный момент ячейки).

Синтаксис

выражение.Cells

Выражение Переменная, представляющая объект Worksheet .

Замечания

Так как элемент по умолчанию объекта Range направляет вызовы с параметрами в свойство Item, можно указать индекс строки и столбца сразу после ключевого слова Cells, вместо явного вызова свойства Item.

При использовании этого свойства без квалификатора объекта возвращается объект Range, который представляет все ячейки на активном листе.

Пример

В этом примере размер шрифта ячейки C5 на листе 1 активной книги устанавливается в 14 пунктов.

В этом примере формула очищается в ячейке 1 на листе 1 активной книги.

В этом примере шрифт и размер шрифта для каждой ячейки на листе Sheet1 устанавливается значение Arial из 8 точек.

В этом примере выполняется переключение сортировки между порядком по возрастанию и убыванию при двойном щелчке любой ячейки в диапазоне данных. Данные сортируются по столбцу ячейки, дважды щелкнув которую.

В этом примере выполняется просмотр столбца C активного листа, и для каждой ячейки с комментарием текст примечания помещается в столбец D и удаляется комментарий из столбца C.

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VBA Code

No Cell Object

There is no Cell object nor is there a Cells collection.
Individual cells are treated as Range objects that refer to one cell.

Contents of a Cell

The easiest way to find what the contents of a cell are is to use the Visual Basic TypeName function

Text Property

You can assign a value to a cell using its Value property.
You can give a cell a number format by using its NumberFormat property.
The Text property of a cell returns the formatted appearance of the contents of a cell.

Range Object

The Range object can consist of individual cells or groups of cells.
Even an entire row or column is considered to be a range.
Although Excel can work with three dimensional formulas the Range object in VBA is limited to a range of cells on a single worksheet.
It is possible to edit a range either using a Range object directly (e.g. Range(«A1»).BackColor ) or by using the ActiveCell or Selection methods (e.g. ActiveCell.BackColor )

Cells Property

When the cells property is applied to a Range object the same object is returned.
It does have some uses though:

Range.Cells.Count — The total number of cells in the range.

Range.Cells( row, column ) — To refer to a specific cell within a range.

To loop through a range of cells

Cells automatically refer to the active worksheet.
If you want to access cells on another worksheet then the correct code is:

Range Property

When Range is not prefixed and used in a worksheet module, then it refers to that specific worksheet and not the active worksheet.

Selection Property

Selection will return a range of cells
Be aware that the Selection will not refer to a Range object if another type of object, such as a chart or shape is currently selected.
Using the Selection object performs an operation on the currently selected cells.
If a range of cells has not been selected prior to this command, then the active cell is used.

It is always worth checking what is currently selected before using the Selection property.

Relative References

It is important to remember that when a Cells property or a Range property is applied to a Range object, all the references are relative to the upper-left corner of that range.

ActiveCell returns a reference to the currently active cell
This will only ever return a single cell, even when a range of cells is selected.
The active cell will always be one of the corner cells of a range of cells. — will it what if you use the keyboard ??

Total number of populated cells

Window Object Only

This property applies only to a window object
This will enter the value 12 into the range that was selected before a non-range object was selected.

Window.RangeSelection property is read-only and returns a Range object that represents the selected cells on the worksheet in the active window.
If a graphic object is active or selected then this will returns the range of cells that was selected before the graphic object was selected.

Counting

Range of a Range

It is possible to treat a Range as if it was the top left cell in the worksheet.
This can be used to return a reference to the upper left cell of a Range object
The following line of code would select cell «C3».

Remember that cells are numbered starting from A1 and continuing right to the end of the row before moving to the start of the next row.

An alternative to this is to use the Offset which is more intuitive.

Range.Address

The Address method returns the address of a range in the form of a string.

Using the parameters allows you to control the transformation into a string (absolute vs relative).

RowAbsolute — True or False, default is True
ColumnAbsolute — True or False, default is True
ReferenceStyle — xlReferenceStyle.xlA1
External — True to return an external reference, default is false
RelativeTo — Range representing a relative to cell. Only relevant when ReferenceStyle = xlR1C1

Range.AddressLocal

This is similar to Address but it returns the address in the regional format of the language of the particular country.

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XlCellType enumeration (Excel)

Specifies the type of cells.

Name	Value	Description
xlCellTypeAllFormatConditions	-4172	Cells of any format.
xlCellTypeAllValidation	-4174	Cells having validation criteria.
xlCellTypeBlanks	4	Empty cells.
xlCellTypeComments	-4144	Cells containing notes.
xlCellTypeConstants	2	Cells containing constants.
xlCellTypeFormulas	-4123	Cells containing formulas.
xlCellTypeLastCell	11	The last cell in the used range.
xlCellTypeSameFormatConditions	-4173	Cells having the same format.
xlCellTypeSameValidation	-4175	Cells having the same validation criteria.
xlCellTypeVisible	12	All visible cells.

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Перечисление XlCellType (Excel)

Указывает тип ячеек.

Имя	Значение	Описание
xlCellTypeAllFormatConditions	-4172	Ячейки любого формата.
xlCellTypeAllValidation	-4174	Ячейки с критериями проверки.
xlCellTypeBlanks	4	Пустые ячейки.
xlCellTypeComments	-4144	Ячейки, содержащие заметки.
xlCellTypeConstants	2	Ячейки, содержащие константы.
xlCellTypeFormulas	-4123	Ячейки, содержащие формулы.
xlCellTypeLastCell	11	Последняя ячейка в используемом диапазоне.
xlCellTypeSameFormatConditions	-4173	Ячейки с одинаковым форматом.
xlCellTypeSameValidation	-4175	Ячейки с одинаковыми критериями проверки.
xlCellTypeVisible	12	Все видимые ячейки.

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Excel VBA Ranges and Cells

In this Article

Ranges and Cells in VBA

Excel spreadsheets store data in Cells. Cells are arranged into Rows and Columns. Each cell can be identified by the intersection point of it’s row and column (Exs. B3 or R3C2).

An Excel Range refers to one or more cells (ex. A3:B4)

Cell Address

A1 Notation

In A1 notation, a cell is referred to by it’s column letter (from A to XFD) followed by it’s row number(from 1 to 1,048,576). This is called a cell address.

In VBA you can refer to any cell using the Range Object.

R1C1 Notation

In R1C1 Notation a cell is referred by R followed by Row Number then letter ‘C’ followed by the Column Number. eg B4 in R1C1 notation will be referred by R4C2. In VBA you use the Cells Object to use R1C1 notation:

Range of Cells

A1 Notation

To refer to a more than one cell use a “:” between the starting cell address and last cell address. The following will refer to all the cells from A1 to D10:

R1C1 Notation

To refer to a more than one cell use a “,” between the starting cell address and last cell address. The following will refer to all the cells from A1 to D10:

Writing to Cells

To write values to a cell or contiguous group of cells, simple refer to the range, put an = sign and then write the value to be stored:

Reading from Cells

To read values from cells, simple refer to the variable to store the values, put an = sign and then refer to the range to be read:

Note: To store values from a range of cells, you need to use an Array instead of a simple variable.

Non Contiguous Cells

To refer to non contiguous cells use a comma between the cell addresses:

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Intersection of Cells

To refer to non contiguous cells use a space between the cell addresses:

Offset from a Cell or Range

Using the Offset function, you can move the reference from a given Range (cell or group of cells) by the specified number_of_rows, and number_of_columns.

Offset Syntax

Offset from a cell

Offset from a Range

Setting Reference to a Range

To assign a range to a range variable: declare a variable of type Range then use the Set command to set it to a range. Please note that you must use the SET command as RANGE is an object:

Resize a Range

Resize method of Range object changes the dimension of the reference range:

Top-left cell of the Resized range is same as the top-left cell of the original range

Resize Syntax

OFFSET vs Resize

Offset does not change the dimensions of the range but moves it by the specified number of rows and columns. Resize does not change the position of the original range but changes the dimensions to the specified number of rows and columns.

All Cells in Sheet

The Cells object refers to all the cells in the sheet (1048576 rows and 16384 columns).

UsedRange

UsedRange property gives you the rectangular range from the top-left cell used cell to the right-bottom used cell of the active sheet.

CurrentRegion

CurrentRegion property gives you the contiguous rectangular range from the top-left cell to the right-bottom used cell containing the referenced cell/range.

Range Properties

You can get Address, row/column number of a cell, and number of rows/columns in a range as given below:

Last Cell in Sheet

You can use Rows.Count and Columns.Count properties with Cells object to get the last cell on the sheet:

Last Used Row Number in a Column

END property takes you the last cell in the range, and End(xlUp) takes you up to the first used cell from that cell.

Last Used Column Number in a Row

END property takes you the last cell in the range, and End(xlToLeft) takes you left to the first used cell from that cell.

You can also use xlDown and xlToRight properties to navigate to the first bottom or right used cells of the current cell.

Cell Properties

Common Properties

Here is code to display commonly used Cell Properties

Cell Font

Cell.Font object contains properties of the Cell Font:

Copy and Paste

Paste All

Ranges/Cells can be copied and pasted from one location to another. The following code copies all the properties of source range to destination range (equivalent to CTRL-C and CTRL-V)

Paste Special

Selected properties of the source range can be copied to the destination by using PASTESPECIAL option:

Here are the possible options for the Paste option:

AutoFit Contents

Size of rows and columns can be changed to fit the contents using AutoFit:

More Range Examples

It is recommended that you use Macro Recorder while performing the required action through the GUI. It will help you understand the various options available and how to use them.

For Each

It is easy to loop through a range using For Each construct as show below:

At each iteration of the loop one cell in the range is assigned to the variable cell and statements in the For loop are executed for that cell. Loop exits when all the cells are processed.

Sort is a method of Range object. You can sort a range by specifying options for sorting to Range.Sort. The code below will sort the columns A:C based on key in cell C2. Sort Order can be xlAscending or xlDescending. Header:= xlYes should be used if first row is the header row.

Find is also a method of Range Object. It find the first cell having content matching the search criteria and returns the cell as a Range object. It return Nothing if there is no match.

Use FindNext method (or FindPrevious) to find next(previous) occurrence.

Following code will change the font to “Arial Black” for all cells in the range which start with “John”:

Following code will replace all occurrences of “To Test” to “Passed” in the range specified:

It is important to note that you must specify a range to use FindNext. Also you must provide a stopping condition otherwise the loop will execute forever. Normally address of the first cell which is found is stored in a variable and loop is stopped when you reach that cell again. You must also check for the case when nothing is found to stop the loop.

Range Address

Use Range.Address to get the address in A1 Style

Use xlReferenceStyle (default is xlA1) to get addres in R1C1 style

This is useful when you deal with ranges stored in variables and want to process for certain addresses only.

Range to Array

It is faster and easier to transfer a range to an array and then process the values. You should declare the array as Variant to avoid calculating the size required to populate the range in the array. Array’s dimensions are set to match number of values in the range.

Array to Range

After processing you can write the Array back to a Range. To write the Array in the example above to a Range you must specify a Range whose size matches the number of elements in the Array.

Use the code below to write the Array to the range D1:D5:

Please note that you must Transpose the Array if you write it to a row.

Sum Range

You can use many functions available in Excel in your VBA code by specifying Application.WorkSheetFunction. before the Function Name as in the example above.

Count Range

Written by: Vinamra Chandra

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