Преобразование чисел, дат и строк в настраиваемый текстовый формат из кода VBA Excel с помощью функции Format. Синтаксис, параметры, символы, примеры.
Format – это функция, которая преобразует число, дату или строку в текст, отформатированный в соответствии с именованным выражением формата или инструкциями, составленными из специальных символов.
Синтаксис и параметры
Format(Expression, [FormatExpression], [FirstDayOfWeek], [FirstWeekOfYear])
- Expression – любое допустимое выражение (переменная), возвращающее числовое значение или строку (обязательный параметр).
- FormatExpression – выражение формата, именованное или содержащее инструкции из специальных символов (необязательный параметр).
- FirstDayOfWeek – константа, задающая первый день недели (необязательный параметр).
- FirstWeekOfYear – константа, задающая первую неделю года (необязательный параметр).
Именованные выражения форматов
Именные форматы даты и времени
| Имя формата | Описание |
|---|---|
| General Date | Стандартное отображение даты и времени в соответствии с параметрами системы. |
| Long Date | Длинный формат даты. |
| Medium Date | Средний формат даты. |
| Short Date | Краткий формат даты. |
| Long Time | Длинный формат времени. |
| Medium Time | Средний формат времени. |
| Short Time | Краткий формат времени. |
Проверьте отображение даты и времени с использованием именованных форматов на вашем компьютере при помощи следующего кода VBA Excel:
|
Sub FormatDateTime() MsgBox «General Date: « & Format(Now, «General Date») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «Long Date: « & Format(Now, «Long Date») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «Medium Date: « & Format(Now, «Medium Date») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «Short Date: « & Format(Now, «Short Date») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «Long Time: « & Format(Now, «Long Time») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «Medium Time: « & Format(Now, «Medium Time») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «Short Time: « & Format(Now, «Short Time») End Sub |
Скорее всего, результат будет таким:
Именованные форматы чисел
| Имя формата | Описание |
|---|---|
| General Number | Стандартное отображение числа без знака разделителя групп разрядов. |
| Currency | Денежный формат. |
| Fixed | Отображение числа без знака разделителя групп разрядов с двумя цифрами после разделителя целой и дробной части. |
| Standard | Отображение числа со знаком разделителя групп разрядов и с двумя цифрами после разделителя целой и дробной части. |
| Percent | Процентный формат: отображение числа, умноженного на 100, со знаком процента (%), добавленного справа. |
| Scientific | Отображение числа в экспоненциальном виде. |
| Yes/No | Возвращается «Нет», если число равно 0, иначе отображается «Да». |
| True/False | Возвращается «Ложь», если число равно 0, иначе отображается «Истина». |
| On/Off | Возвращается «Выкл», если число равно 0, иначе отображается «Вкл». |
Проверяем работу именованных форматов на числах 2641387.7381962 и 0 с помощью кода VBA Excel:
|
Sub FormatNumber() Dim n As Double n = 2641387.7381962 ‘n = 0 MsgBox «Форматируемое число = « & n & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «General Number: « & Format(n, «General Number») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «Currency: « & Format(n, «Currency») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «Fixed: « & Format(n, «Fixed») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «Standard: « & Format(n, «Standard») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «Percent: « & Format(n, «Percent») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «Scientific: « & Format(n, «Scientific») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «Yes/No: « & Format(n, «Yes/No») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «True/False: « & Format(n, «True/False») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «On/Off: « & Format(n, «On/Off») End Sub |
Получаем следующий результат:
Вместо вопросительного знака в отображении числа в формате Currency, по идее, должен быть знак валюты (₽ или руб.).
Специальные символы для выражений форматов
Символы для форматов даты и времени
| Символ | Описание |
|---|---|
| Точка (.) | Разделитель компонентов даты (день, месяц, год). Используется при отображении месяца в виде числа. |
| Пробел | Разделитель компонентов даты (день, месяц, год). Используется при отображении месяца прописью. |
| Двоеточие (:) | Разделитель компонентов времени (часы, минуты, секунды). |
| d | День в виде числа без нуля в начале (1–31). |
| dd | День в виде числа с нулем в начале (01–31). |
| m | Месяц в виде числа без нуля в начале (1–12). Если (m) следует после (h) или (hh), отображаются минуты (0–59). |
| mm | Месяц в виде числа с нулем в начале (01–12). Если (mm) следует после (h) или (hh), отображаются минуты (00–59). |
| mmm | Месяц прописью в сокращенном виде (янв–дек). |
| mmmm | Полное название месяца (январь–декабрь). |
| y | День года в виде числа (1–366). |
| yy | Год в виде 2-значного числа (00–99). |
| yyyy | Год в виде 4-значного числа (1900–9999). |
| h | Часы в виде числа без нуля в начале (0–23). |
| hh | Часы в виде числа с нулем в начале (00–23). |
| n (m) | Минуты в виде числа без нуля в начале (0–59). |
| nn (mm) | Минуты в виде числа с нулем в начале (00–59). |
| s | Секунды в виде числа без нуля в начале (0–59). |
| ss | Секунды в виде числа с нулем в начале (00–59). |
В этой таблице перечислены далеко не все символы для выражений форматов даты и времени. Вы можете ознакомиться со всеми символами, в том числе и для форматирования чисел, на сайте разработчика.
Примеры отображения даты с помощью разных по количеству наборов символа d:
|
Sub DataIsD() MsgBox «d: « & Format(Now, «d») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «dd: « & Format(Now, «dd») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «ddd: « & Format(Now, «ddd») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «dddd: « & Format(Now, «dddd») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «ddddd: « & Format(Now, «ddddd») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «dddddd: « & Format(Now, «dddddd») End Sub |
Символы для числовых форматов
| Символ | Описание |
|---|---|
| Точка (.) | Десятичный разделитель. |
| Запятая (,) | Разделитель групп разрядов. В отображаемых числах заполняется пробелом. |
| (0) | Заполнитель, который отображает цифру или ноль. Используется, когда нужны ведущие нули или нули в конце числа. |
| (#) | Заполнитель, который отображает цифру или ничего не отображает. Используется, когда не нужны ведущие нули или нули в конце числа. |
| (%) | Заполнитель процента. Выражение умножается на 100, а знак процента (%) вставляется на той позиции, где он указан в строке формата. |
| (E- E+ e- e+) | Экспоненциальный формат. |
Примеры использования символов в выражениях числовых форматов VBA Excel:
|
Sub FormatNumber2() Dim n As Double n = 2641387.7381962 ‘n = 0.2397842 MsgBox «Форматируемое число = « & n & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «0.##: « & Format(n, «0.##») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «000.###: « & Format(n, «000.###») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «#,###.###: « & Format(n, «#,###.###») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «0 %: « & Format(n, «0 %») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «0.### E-: « & Format(n, «0.### E-«) & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «0.### E+: « & Format(n, «0.### E+») End Sub |
Символы для текстовых форматов
| Символ | Описание |
|---|---|
| At-символ (@) | Заполнитель для символов, отображающий знак или пробел. |
| Амперсанд (&) | Заполнитель для символов, отображающий знак или ничего (пустая строка). |
| Меньше (<) | Принудительный перевод всех буквенных символов в нижний регистр. |
| Больше (>) | Принудительный перевод всех буквенных символов в верхний регистр. |
Примеры использования символов в выражениях строковых форматов VBA Excel:
|
Sub FormatString() MsgBox «Номер телефона: « & Format(«1234567890», «+7 (@@@) @@@-@@-@@») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «Серия и номер паспорта: « & Format(«1234567890», «&& && &&&&») & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «Нижний регистр: « & Format(«Нижний регистр», «<«) & vbNewLine _ & vbNewLine & «Верхний регистр: « & Format(«Верхний регистр», «>») End Sub |
Форматы для различных значений одного выражения
Различные форматы для разных числовых значений
В выражении формата для чисел предусмотрено от одного до четырех разделов, отделяемых друг от друга точкой с запятой. Отображаемая строка зависит от значения, возвращенного параметром Expression функции Format.
| Количество разделов | Результат форматирования |
|---|---|
| Один раздел | Выражение формата применяется ко всем значениям. |
| Два раздела | Первый раздел применяется к положительным значениям и нулям, второй – к отрицательным значениям. |
| Три раздела | Первый раздел применяется к положительным значениям, второй – к отрицательным значениям, третий – к нулям. |
| Четыре раздела | Первый раздел применяется к положительным значениям, второй – к отрицательным значениям, третий – к нулям, четвертый – к значениям Null. |
Пример использования четырех разделов в выражении формата числовых значений:
|
Sub FormatDifferentValues() MsgBox «Число 1234,5678: « & _ Format(1234.5678, «#,##0.00 руб.;Отрицательное число;Ноль рублей;Значение Null») _ & vbNewLine & vbNewLine & «Число -25: « & _ Format(—25, «#,##0.00 руб.;Отрицательное число;Ноль рублей;Значение Null») _ & vbNewLine & vbNewLine & «Число 0: « & _ Format(0, «#,##0.00 руб.;Отрицательное число;Ноль рублей;Значение Null») _ & vbNewLine & vbNewLine & «Null: « & _ Format(Null, «#,##0.00 руб.;Отрицательное число;Ноль рублей;Значение Null») End Sub |
Различные форматы для разных строковых значений
В выражении формата для строк предусмотрено до двух разделов, отделяемых друг от друга точкой с запятой. Отображаемая строка зависит от текста, возвращенного параметром Expression функции Format.
| Количество разделов | Результат форматирования |
|---|---|
| Один раздел | Выражение формата применяется ко всем строковым данным. |
| Два раздела | Первый раздел применяется к строковым данным, второй – к значениям Null и пустым строкам («»). |
Пример использования двух разделов в выражении формата строк:
|
Sub FormatString2() MsgBox «Строка «Белка»: « & _ Format(«Белка», «@;Пустая строка или Null») _ & vbNewLine & vbNewLine & «Пустая строка: « & _ Format(«», «@;Пустая строка или Null») _ & vbNewLine & vbNewLine & «Строка «Null»: « & _ Format(«Null», «@;Пустая строка или Null») _ & vbNewLine & vbNewLine & «Значение Null: « & _ Format(Null, «@;Пустая строка или Null») End Sub |
I am trying to get the Date as a string formatted yyyy-mm-dd.
I have tried various things with strange results:
Dim mydate As String
mydate = Date
mydate = Year(Date)
mydate = Month(Date)
mydate = Day(Date)
- The first one gives
11/02/without the year.
I can try to concatenate the data but:
- The second gives the year OK
- However the third gives month as 2 instead of 02
- Similar for fourth.
Any clarification or an example would be very welcome.
feetwet
3,1967 gold badges45 silver badges83 bronze badges
asked Feb 11, 2016 at 16:53
1
Use the Format function from the VBA.Strings built-in module:
Debug.Print Format(Now, "YYYY-MM-DD")
answered Feb 11, 2016 at 17:05
Mathieu GuindonMathieu Guindon
69.4k8 gold badges110 silver badges232 bronze badges
3
Dim sToday As String
sToday = CStr(Date)
That gives sToday value, e.g. «2020-12-31», in the format of my system’s date.
answered Dec 31, 2020 at 19:46
In some VBA, the Format() function is not available. In this case, you can do it the old fashion:
y = cstr(year(now))
m = right("0" + cstr(month(now)),2)
d = right("0" + cstr(day(now)),2)
mydate = y + "-"+ m + "-" + d
answered Jul 29, 2020 at 13:01
PhilippePhilippe
5488 silver badges24 bronze badges
I have a date column in EXCEL with the date in the format — 1/27/2019. I want to write a script in VBA to extract just the year portion (2019) and put it in another column.
Do I convert the Date into String first? And then split the String using
`Split(date_as_string, "/")
to get the year portion??
How can I convert the Date into String to achieve this? Any other approach to solve this problem is also appreciated.
Pᴇʜ
56k9 gold badges49 silver badges73 bronze badges
asked Jan 27, 2019 at 15:47
If your date column is in true date format then Excel YEAR Function can be used to return value of the year in another column. Date reflected in column in this case is in my system local date format. It may be different in your system but YEAR will work as per your date system.
EDIT:
If you want to go for VBA then example of macro is:
Sub Year_Only()
Dim yr As String
yr = Year(Range("A1"))
Range("B1").Value = yr
End Sub
answered Jan 27, 2019 at 16:13
Something like
Sub JustYear()
Dim yr As Long
yr = Split(Range("A1").Text, "/")(2)
Range("B1").Value = yr
End Sub
answered Jan 27, 2019 at 15:51
Gary’s StudentGary’s Student
95.3k9 gold badges58 silver badges98 bronze badges
For text representing the year,
range("A1") = format(cdate(date_as_string), "yyyy")
To get a true number representing the year,
range("A1") = val(format(cdate(date_as_string), "yyyy"))
answered Jan 27, 2019 at 15:53
Just use the Year() function:
Option Explicit
Sub test()
Dim yea As Integer
Dim r As Range
Set r = Range("a1")
yea = year(r.Value)
Debug.Print yea
End Sub
answered Jan 27, 2019 at 16:27
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-
Question
-
I would like to convert todays date into text or a whole number representing the date. Example: 10/11/0 into 10-11-10 or 101110. The purpose of this is to save a workbook as todays date with one click («name101110.xlsm»). I have
code that works to save but needs the user to provide the date. Is there a way to convert the date to a usable format for file saving?thanks in advance
Answers
-
In VBA you can create a string variable in this format using:
Dim sDate As String
sDate = Format(Now(), «ddmmyy»)
Hope that helps.
-
Marked as answer by
Monday, October 18, 2010 9:33 AM
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Marked as answer by
| title | keywords | f1_keywords | ms.prod | ms.assetid | ms.date | ms.localizationpriority |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Format function (Visual Basic for Applications) |
vblr6.chm1008925 |
vblr6.chm1008925 |
office |
67f60abf-0c77-49ec-924f-74ae6eb96ea8 |
08/14/2019 |
high |
Returns a Variant (String) containing an expression formatted according to instructions contained in a format expression.
[!includeAdd-ins note]
Syntax
Format(Expression, [ Format ], [ FirstDayOfWeek ], [ FirstWeekOfYear ])
The Format function syntax has these parts.
| Part | Description |
|---|---|
| Expression | Required. Any valid expression. |
| Format | Optional. A valid named or user-defined format expression. |
| FirstDayOfWeek | Optional. A constant that specifies the first day of the week. |
| FirstWeekOfYear | Optional. A constant that specifies the first week of the year. |
Settings
The firstdayofweek argument has these settings.
| Constant | Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| vbUseSystem | 0 | Use NLS API setting. |
| vbSunday | 1 | Sunday (default) |
| vbMonday | 2 | Monday |
| vbTuesday | 3 | Tuesday |
| vbWednesday | 4 | Wednesday |
| vbThursday | 5 | Thursday |
| vbFriday | 6 | Friday |
| vbSaturday | 7 | Saturday |
The firstweekofyear argument has these settings.
| Constant | Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| vbUseSystem | 0 | Use NLS API setting. |
| vbFirstJan1 | 1 | Start with week in which January 1 occurs (default). |
| vbFirstFourDays | 2 | Start with the first week that has at least four days in the year. |
| vbFirstFullWeek | 3 | Start with the first full week of the year. |
Remarks
| To format | Do this |
|---|---|
| Numbers | Use predefined named numeric formats or create user-defined numeric formats. |
| Dates and times | Use predefined named date/time formats or create user-defined date/time formats. |
| Date and time serial numbers | Use date and time formats or numeric formats. |
| Strings | Create your own user-defined string formats. |
Format truncates format to 257 characters.
If you try to format a number without specifying format, Format provides functionality similar to the Str function, although it is internationally aware. However, positive numbers formatted as strings using Format don’t include a leading space reserved for the sign of the value; those converted using Str retain the leading space.
If you are formatting a non-localized numeric string, you should use a user-defined numeric format to ensure that you get the look you want.
[!NOTE]
If the Calendar property setting isGregorianand format specifies date formatting, the supplied expression must beGregorian. If the Visual Basic Calendar property setting isHijri, the supplied expression must beHijri.
If the calendar is Gregorian, the meaning of format expression symbols is unchanged. If the calendar is Hijri, all date format symbols (for example, dddd, mmmm, yyyy ) have the same meaning but apply to the Hijri calendar. Format symbols remain in English; symbols that result in text display (for example, AM and PM) display the string (English or Arabic) associated with that symbol. The range of certain symbols changes when the calendar is Hijri.
Date symbols
| Symbol | Range |
|---|---|
| d | 1-31 (Day of month, with no leading zero) |
| dd | 01-31 (Day of month, with a leading zero) |
| w | 1-7 (Day of week, starting with Sunday = 1) |
| ww | 1-53 (Week of year, with no leading zero; Week 1 starts on Jan 1) |
| m | 1-12 (Month of year, with no leading zero, starting with January = 1) |
| mm | 01-12 (Month of year, with a leading zero, starting with January = 01) |
| mmm | Displays abbreviated month names (Hijri month names have no abbreviations) |
| mmmm | Displays full month names |
| y | 1-366 (Day of year) |
| yy | 00-99 (Last two digits of year) |
| yyyy | 100-9999 (Three- or Four-digit year) |
Time symbols
| Symbol | Range |
|---|---|
| h | 0-23 (1-12 with «AM» or «PM» appended) (Hour of day, with no leading zero) |
| hh | 00-23 (01-12 with «AM» or «PM» appended) (Hour of day, with a leading zero) |
| n | 0-59 (Minute of hour, with no leading zero) |
| nn | 00-59 (Minute of hour, with a leading zero) |
| m | 0-59 (Minute of hour, with no leading zero). Only if preceded by h or hh |
| mm | 00-59 (Minute of hour, with a leading zero). Only if preceded by h or hh |
| s | 0-59 (Second of minute, with no leading zero) |
| ss | 00-59 (Second of minute, with a leading zero) |
Example
This example shows various uses of the Format function to format values using both named formats and user-defined formats. For the date separator (/), time separator (:), and AM/ PM literal, the actual formatted output displayed by your system depends on the locale settings on which the code is running. When times and dates are displayed in the development environment, the short time format and short date format of the code locale are used. When displayed by running code, the short time format and short date format of the system locale are used, which may differ from the code locale. For this example, English/U.S. is assumed. MyTime and MyDate are displayed in the development environment using current system short time setting and short date setting.
Dim MyTime, MyDate, MyStr MyTime = #17:04:23# MyDate = #January 27, 1993# ' Returns current system time in the system-defined long time format. MyStr = Format(Time, "Long Time") ' Returns current system date in the system-defined long date format. MyStr = Format(Date, "Long Date") MyStr = Format(MyTime, "h:m:s") ' Returns "17:4:23". MyStr = Format(MyTime, "hh:mm:ss am/pm") ' Returns "05:04:23 pm". MyStr = Format(MyTime, "hh:mm:ss AM/PM") ' Returns "05:04:23 PM". MyStr = Format(MyDate, "dddd, mmm d yyyy") ' Returns "Wednesday, Jan 27 1993". ' If format is not supplied, a string is returned. MyStr = Format(23) ' Returns "23". ' User-defined formats. MyStr = Format(5459.4, "##,##0.00") ' Returns "5,459.40". MyStr = Format(334.9, "###0.00") ' Returns "334.90". MyStr = Format(5, "0.00%") ' Returns "500.00%". MyStr = Format("HELLO", "<") ' Returns "hello". MyStr = Format("This is it", ">") ' Returns "THIS IS IT".
Different formats for different numeric values
A user-defined format expression for numbers can have from one to four sections separated by semicolons. If the format argument contains one of the named numeric formats, only one section is allowed.
| If you use | The result is |
|---|---|
| One section only | The format expression applies to all values. |
| Two sections | The first section applies to positive values and zeros, the second to negative values. |
| Three sections | The first section applies to positive values, the second to negative values, and the third to zeros. |
| Four sections | The first section applies to positive values, the second to negative values, the third to zeros, and the fourth to Null values. |
If you include semicolons with nothing between them, the missing section is printed using the format of the positive value. For example, the following format displays positive and negative values using the format in the first section and displays «Zero» if the value is zero.
Different formats for different string values
A format expression for strings can have one section or two sections separated by a semicolon (;).
| If you use | The result is |
|---|---|
| One section only | The format applies to all string data. |
| Two sections | The first section applies to string data, the second to Null values and zero-length strings («»). |
Named date/time formats
The following table identifies the predefined date and time format names.
| Format name | Description |
|---|---|
| General Date | Display a date and/or time, for example, 4/3/93 05:34 PM. If there is no fractional part, display only a date, for example, 4/3/93. If there is no integer part, display time only, for example, 05:34 PM. Date display is determined by your system settings. |
| Long Date | Display a date according to your system’s long date format. |
| Medium Date | Display a date using the medium date format appropriate for the language version of the host application. |
| Short Date | Display a date using your system’s short date format. |
| Long Time | Display a time using your system’s long time format; includes hours, minutes, seconds. |
| Medium Time | Display time in 12-hour format using hours and minutes and the AM/PM designator. |
| Short Time | Display a time using the 24-hour format, for example, 17:45. |
Named numeric formats
The following table identifies the predefined numeric format names.
| Format name | Description |
|---|---|
| General Number | Display number with no thousand separator. |
| Currency | Display number with thousand separator, if appropriate; display two digits to the right of the decimal separator. Output is based on system locale settings. |
| Fixed | Display at least one digit to the left and two digits to the right of the decimal separator. |
| Standard | Display number with thousand separator, at least one digit to the left and two digits to the right of the decimal separator. |
| Percent | Display number multiplied by 100 with a percent sign (%) appended to the right; always display two digits to the right of the decimal separator. |
| Scientific | Use standard scientific notation. |
| Yes/No | Display No if number is 0; otherwise, display Yes. |
| True/False | Display False if number is 0; otherwise, display True. |
| On/Off | Display Off if number is 0; otherwise, display On. |
User-defined string formats
Use any of the following characters to create a format expression for strings.
| Character | Description |
|---|---|
| @ | Character placeholder. Display a character or a space. If the string has a character in the position where the at symbol (@) appears in the format string, display it; otherwise, display a space in that position. Placeholders are filled from right to left unless there is an exclamation point character (!) in the format string. |
| & | Character placeholder. Display a character or nothing. If the string has a character in the position where the ampersand (&) appears, display it; otherwise, display nothing. Placeholders are filled from right to left unless there is an exclamation point character (!) in the format string. |
| < | Force lowercase. Display all characters in lowercase format. |
| > | Force uppercase. Display all characters in uppercase format. |
| ! | Force left to right fill of placeholders. The default is to fill placeholders from right to left. |
User-defined date/time formats
The following table identifies characters you can use to create user-defined date/time formats.
| Character | Description |
|---|---|
| (:) | Time separator. In some locales, other characters may be used to represent the time separator. The time separator separates hours, minutes, and seconds when time values are formatted. The actual character used as the time separator in formatted output is determined by your system settings. |
| (/) | Date separator. In some locales, other characters may be used to represent the date separator. The date separator separates the day, month, and year when date values are formatted. The actual character used as the date separator in formatted output is determined by your system settings. |
| c | Display the date as ddddd and display the time as ttttt, in that order. Display only date information if there is no fractional part to the date serial number; display only time information if there is no integer portion. |
| d | Display the day as a number without a leading zero (1–31). |
| dd | Display the day as a number with a leading zero (01–31). |
| ddd | Display the day as an abbreviation (Sun–Sat). Localized. |
| dddd | Display the day as a full name (Sunday–Saturday). Localized. |
| ddddd | Display the date as a complete date (including day, month, and year), formatted according to your system’s short date format setting. The default short date format is m/d/yy. |
| dddddd | Display a date serial number as a complete date (including day, month, and year) formatted according to the long date setting recognized by your system. The default long date format is mmmm dd, yyyy. |
| w | Display the day of the week as a number (1 for Sunday through 7 for Saturday). |
| ww | Display the week of the year as a number (1–54). |
| m | Display the month as a number without a leading zero (1–12). If m immediately follows h or hh, the minute rather than the month is displayed. |
| mm | Display the month as a number with a leading zero (01–12). If m immediately follows h or hh, the minute rather than the month is displayed. |
| mmm | Display the month as an abbreviation (Jan–Dec). Localized. |
| mmmm | Display the month as a full month name (January–December). Localized. |
| q | Display the quarter of the year as a number (1–4). |
| y | Display the day of the year as a number (1–366). |
| yy | Display the year as a 2-digit number (00–99). |
| yyyy | Display the year as a 4-digit number (100–9999). |
| h | Display the hour as a number without a leading zero (0–23). |
| hh | Display the hour as a number with a leading zero (00–23). |
| n | Display the minute as a number without a leading zero (0–59). |
| nn | Display the minute as a number with a leading zero (00–59). |
| s | Display the second as a number without a leading zero (0–59). |
| ss | Display the second as a number with a leading zero (00–59). |
| ttttt | Display a time as a complete time (including hour, minute, and second), formatted using the time separator defined by the time format recognized by your system. A leading zero is displayed if the leading zero option is selected and the time is before 10:00 A.M. or P.M. The default time format is h:mm:ss. |
| AM/PM | Use the 12-hour clock and display an uppercase AM with any hour before noon; display an uppercase PM with any hour between noon and 11:59 P.M. |
| am/pm | Use the 12-hour clock and display a lowercase AM with any hour before noon; display a lowercase PM with any hour between noon and 11:59 P.M. |
| A/P | Use the 12-hour clock and display an uppercase A with any hour before noon; display an uppercase P with any hour between noon and 11:59 P.M. |
| a/p | Use the 12-hour clock and display a lowercase A with any hour before noon; display a lowercase P with any hour between noon and 11:59 P.M. |
| AMPM | Use the 12-hour clock and display the AM string literal as defined by your system with any hour before noon; display the PM string literal as defined by your system with any hour between noon and 11:59 P.M. AMPM can be either uppercase or lowercase, but the case of the string displayed matches the string as defined by your system settings. The default format is AM/PM. If your system is set to 24-hour clock, the string is typical set to a zero-length string. |
User-defined numeric formats
The following table identifies characters you can use to create user-defined number formats.
| Character | Description |
|---|---|
| None | Display the number with no formatting. |
| (0) | Digit placeholder. Display a digit or a zero. If the expression has a digit in the position where the 0 appears in the format string, display it; otherwise, display a zero in that position.If the number has fewer digits than there are zeros (on either side of the decimal) in the format expression, display leading or trailing zeros. If the number has more digits to the right of the decimal separator than there are zeros to the right of the decimal separator in the format expression, round the number to as many decimal places as there are zeros. If the number has more digits to the left of the decimal separator than there are zeros to the left of the decimal separator in the format expression, display the extra digits without modification. |
| (#) | Digit placeholder. Display a digit or nothing. If the expression has a digit in the position where the # appears in the format string, display it; otherwise, display nothing in that position. This symbol works like the 0 digit placeholder, except that leading and trailing zeros aren’t displayed if the number has the same or fewer digits than there are # characters on either side of the decimal separator in the format expression. |
| (.) | Decimal placeholder. In some locales, a comma is used as the decimal separator. The decimal placeholder determines how many digits are displayed to the left and right of the decimal separator. If the format expression contains only number signs to the left of this symbol, numbers smaller than 1 begin with a decimal separator. To display a leading zero displayed with fractional numbers, use 0 as the first digit placeholder to the left of the decimal separator. The actual character used as a decimal placeholder in the formatted output depends on the Number Format recognized by your system. |
| (%) | Percentage placeholder. The expression is multiplied by 100. The percent character (%) is inserted in the position where it appears in the format string. |
| (,) | Thousand separator. In some locales, a period is used as a thousand separator. The thousand separator separates thousands from hundreds within a number that has four or more places to the left of the decimal separator. Standard use of the thousand separator is specified if the format contains a thousand separator surrounded by digit placeholders (0 or #). Two adjacent thousand separators or a thousand separator immediately to the left of the decimal separator (whether or not a decimal is specified) means «scale the number by dividing it by 1000, rounding as needed.» For example, you can use the format string «##0,,» to represent 100 million as 100. Numbers smaller than 1 million are displayed as 0. Two adjacent thousand separators in any position other than immediately to the left of the decimal separator are treated simply as specifying the use of a thousand separator. The actual character used as the thousand separator in the formatted output depends on the Number Format recognized by your system. |
| (:) | Time separator. In some locales, other characters may be used to represent the time separator. The time separator separates hours, minutes, and seconds when time values are formatted. The actual character used as the time separator in formatted output is determined by your system settings. |
| (/) | Date separator. In some locales, other characters may be used to represent the date separator. The date separator separates the day, month, and year when date values are formatted. The actual character used as the date separator in formatted output is determined by your system settings. |
| (E- E+ e- e+) | Scientific format. If the format expression contains at least one digit placeholder (0 or #) to the right of E-, E+, e-, or e+, the number is displayed in scientific format and E or e is inserted between the number and its exponent. The number of digit placeholders to the right determines the number of digits in the exponent. Use E- or e- to place a minus sign next to negative exponents. Use E+ or e+ to place a minus sign next to negative exponents and a plus sign next to positive exponents. |
| — + $ ( ) | Display a literal character. To display a character other than one of those listed, precede it with a backslash ( |
| () | Display the next character in the format string. To display a character that has special meaning as a literal character, precede it with a backslash (\). Examples of characters that can’t be displayed as literal characters are the date-formatting and time-formatting characters (a, c, d, h, m, n, p, q, s, t, w, y, /, and :), the numeric-formatting characters (#, 0, %, E, e, comma, and period), and the string-formatting characters (@, &, <, >, and !). |
| («ABC») | Display the string inside the double quotation marks (» «). To include a string in format from within code, you must use Chr(34) to enclose the text (34 is the character code for a quotation mark («)). |
See also
- Functions (Visual Basic for Applications)
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