Vba excel переменная время

We have already gone over what variables, data types and constants are, in our VBA Data Types – Variables and Constants tutorial. In this tutorial, we are going to cover how to declare a variable as a date.

In VBA, the date data type is stored as a decimal. Both dates and times can be stored in this data type. The VBA date data type can store values ranging from 1 January  100 – 31 December 9999.

VBA Date Variable

You declare a variable as a date using the Dim keyword:

Dim dateOne as Date

Then you can assign a date to the date variable.  There are multiple ways to generate dates to assign to variables:

Assign Today to Variable

The Date Function will return today’s date:

Dim dtToday

dtToday = Date

Assign Now to Variable

The Now Function will return today’s date and current time:

Dim dNow

dNow = Now

Assign Time to Variable

The tim will return the current time:

Dim tTime 

tTime = Time

Assign a Date to Variable with DateSerial

The DateSerial function will return a date based on an input year, month and day:

Dim dsDate 

dsDate = DateSerial(2010, 11, 11)

Assign a Time to Variable with TimeSerial

The TimeSerial function will return a time, based on an input hour, minute and second:

Dim tsTime

tsTime = TimeSerial (10, 10, 45)

You must enclose dates with the # or ” when using them in your code, as shown below:

VBA DateValue Function

The VBA DateValue Function can be used to initialize a date. The following code can be used to initialize a date in VBA:

MsgBox DateValue("1/1/2010")

VBA TimeValue Function

The TimeValue Function generates a time:

MsgBox TimeValue("21:30:57")

Excel VBA Date Variable Example

This procedure demonstrates how to create date variables, assign them values, and output them into an Excel worksheet:

Sub DeclaringAVariableAsADate()

Dim dateOne As Date
Dim dateTwo As Date


dateOne = #1/1/2019#
dateTwo = "1/2/2019"

Range("A1").Value = dateOne
Range("A2").Value = dateTwo

End Sub

The result is:

You can learn more about Date Functions in this tutorial.

VBA Programming | Code Generator does work for you!

VBA Date Variable in Access

The Date Variable works exactly the same in Access VBA as in Excel VBA.

This procedure demonstrates how to create a date variable and update a field in an access table with the value.

Sub DeclaringAVariableAsADate()
   Dim dtWork As Date
   dtWork = #05/10/2020#
   DoCmd.RunSql "UPDATE tblJobs SET WorkDate = #" & dtWork & "# WHERE JobNo = 6"
 End Sub

Excel VBA Time

VBA TIME function returns the current time as output and can also be used as an input to different macro lines of code. This function does not have any parameter set for it and thus, by far has the simplest syntax as TIME word with empty parentheses which can be seen as below:

The syntax for VBA TIME function:

Time()

In fact, there is no need for parentheses as well, you can simply use the word TIME itself in your block of code which allows your system to return the current time. We also have a similar function called NOW() under Excel VBA which returns the current time along with the date. However, in this article, our entire focus would be on using TIME function and looking at different working examples of the same.

How to Use Excel VBA Time Function?

We will learn how to use a VBA Time function with few examples in excel.

You can download this VBA Time Excel Template here – VBA Time Excel Template

VBA Time Function – Example #1

Current System Time Using TIME function:

Follow the below steps to display the current time of your system.

Step 1: Define a sub-procedure.

Code:

Sub TimeExample1()

End Sub

Step 2: Define a variable which will be useful to hold the value of time for you. Define it as String.

Code:

Sub TimeExample1()
Dim CurrentTime As String
End Sub

Note: The reason behind defining this variable as String is, the output of the TIME function is in a string.

Step 3: Use VBA TIME function to assign current time to the variable defined in the step above using an assignment operator.

Code:

Sub TimeExample1()
Dim CurrentTime As String
CurrentTime = Time
End Sub

Step 4: As I mentioned earlier, there is no need to add parentheses after TIME function as this is a volatile function. Having said that, the following code will give the equivalent output in comparison with the above code.

Code:

Sub TimeExample1()
Dim CurrentTime As String
CurrentTime = Time()
End Sub

Step 5: Now, use a MsgBox function to display the current time using the display message box.

Code:

Sub TimeExample1()
Dim CurrentTime As String
CurrentTime = Time()
MsgBox CurrentTime
End Sub

Step 6: Run this code by hitting F5 or Run button and see the output. You should get the output as shown in the image below.

Please note that the time reflecting in the image above is the time by which this code is run on the system. While trying it by yourself, your output may vary depending on the time you are working on this code.

VBA Time Function – Example #2

VBA TIME in combination with a Date function to return the current time with Today’s Date:

As it has been informed earlier in the introduction of this article, there is a function called NOW() which gives you current date as well as time in Microsoft Excel. See the screenshot given below.

However, in VBA we don’t have this function working. Therefore, in VBA we have to use a combination of VBA Date and VBA TIME functions to get the current date and current time. VBA Date will give a current date and VBA Time will give current time (which we already have seen in the 1^st example).

Let’s see step by step how we can achieve this.

Step 1: Insert a new module in your Excel VBA script.

Step 2: Define a new sub-procedure by giving a name to the macro.

Code: 

Sub Example2()

End Sub

Step 3: We wanted our output to be stored in cell A1 of our excel sheet. For that, start writing the code as below.

Code: 

Sub Example2()
Range("A1").Value =
End Sub

Step 4: Now, use a combination of VBA DATE and VBA TIME functions as shown below and assign it’s value to cell A1.

Code:

Sub Example2()
Range("A1").Value = Date & " " & Time
End Sub

The DATE function will return the current date of system and TIME function will return the current time. The white space enclosed in double quotes (“ “) allows having a space between date and time in the final output. Two & (and) operators work as concatenating operators which concatenate DATE and TIME with space in it.

Step 5: Run the code by hitting F5 or Run button manually. You will see the output in cell A1 of your worksheet as blow:

Here, again please note that the time reflecting in cell A1 is date and time by which this code is being run by myself. Therefore, when you’ll run this code the outputs will be different.

We also can format the date and time values using NumberFormat function under VBA.

Step 6: Write the code mentioned below in your VBA script.

Code:

Sub Example2()
Range("A1").Value = Date & " " & Time
Range("A1").NumberFormat = "dd-mmm-yyyy hh:mm:ss AM/PM"
End Sub

Step 7: Hit F5 or Run button manually and you’ll see the output as below in cell A1 of your worksheet.

VBA Time Function – Example #3

VBA TIME function to track the opening time and date of a workbook:

Sometimes, there is one spreadsheet which we open frequently (Like Employee list of an organization) and make changes into it. We might be interested in knowing the date and time on which the changes have been made in the worksheet. VBA Time function can be used to track the date and time every time a workbook is opened. See the steps below to work on the same.

Step 1: Create a new worksheet in your Excel workbook and rename it as per your convenience. I will rename it as (Time_Track).

Step 2: Double click on ThisWorkbook under VBE (Visual Basics Editor).

Step 3: From object drop-down list select Workbook instead of General.

Step 4: You’ll see a new private sub-procedure will get defined under the name Workbook_Open() in VBE.

Code:

Private Sub Workbook_Open()

End Sub

Step 5: Write down the below-mentioned code in this macro sub-procedure as shown in the image below:

Code:

Private Sub Workbook_Open()
Dim LB As Long
LB = Sheets("Time_Track").Cells(Rows.Count, 1).End(xlUp).Row + 1
Sheets("Time_Track").Cells(LB, 1).Value = Date & " " & Time()
End Sub

Here a variable LB of type Long is defined to find out the cell next to last used cell where the output can be stored. Then, using a combination of VBA DATE and TIME functions, we have assigned a value under that cell.

Step 6: Run the code by hitting F5 or Run button manually and see the output under column A of a worksheet.

This code will store the value of Date and Time every time you open the worksheet Time_Track.

This is it from this article. Let’s wrap the things up by writing some things to remember.

Things to Remember

• VBA TIME function stores output as a string in excel. However, we also can store it as Date format while defining a variable as Date instead of a string.
• TIME function does not require any argument in it. It’s a volatile function.
• Even it does not need parentheses to call the function. Only TIME is enough to get the current time.
• TIME function by default stores time value in hh:mm:ss format (24 hours clock format). However, sometimes the output format depends on your system time format as well.

Recommended Articles

This has been a guide to VBA Time Function. Here we have discussed how to use Excel VBA Time Functions and also we learned the Combination of date and time as an alternative to Now() Function and tracks the workbook open records along with some practical examples and downloadable excel template. You can also go through our other suggested articles –

1. VBA MsgBox
2. VBA Do While Loop
3. VBA IsError
4. VBA XML

VBA Time function returns the current time. Also, the important thing to note is that this function has no arguments whatsoever. Another important factor is that this function returns the current system time. Using this function, we can find the time taken by the line of codes to complete the process.

TIME is a kind of volatile function. It does not have any syntax to it.

We also have a similar function in Excel – NOW () functionIn an excel worksheet, the NOW function is used to display the current system date and time. The syntax for using this function is quite simple =NOW ().read more, which inserts both current times and the current date in the spreadsheet.

TIME ()

We need to enter the function. No need for parenthesis to enclose. Just the TIME function is enough to insert the current time. The result given by the TIME function is in the String.

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Source: VBA Time Function (wallstreetmojo.com)

How to Use TIME Function in VBA?

Let me show you an example of a simple TIME in excelTime is a time worksheet function in Excel that is used to calculate time based on the inputs provided by the user. The arguments can take the following formats: hours, minutes, and seconds.read more function. Then, follow the below steps to create code to use the TIME function.

You can download this VBA Time Function Template here – VBA Time Function Template

Step 1: Create a Macro.

Code:

Sub Time_Example1()
End Sub

Step 2: Declare a variable as String.

Code:

Sub Time_Example1()

  Dim CurrentTime As String

End Sub

Step 3: Assign a value to this variable through the TIME function.

Code:

Sub Time_Example1()

  Dim CurrentTime As String

  CurrentTime = Time

End Sub

Step 4: Now, show the result in the message box.

Code:

Sub Time_Example1()

  Dim CurrentTime As String

  CurrentTime = Time

  MsgBox CurrentTime

End Sub

Run this code using the F5 key or manually. We will get the current time.

So, when we ran this code, the time was 11.51.54 AM.

Alternative of Now() Function

Combination of Date & Time as an Alternative to NOW Function

As we said at the beginning of the article, the NOW function can insert the current date and time. However, we can use two other functions as an alternative to the NOW function. Those two functions are VBA DATEVBA Date is a date and time function. It returns only the current date as per the system date you are using and has no arguments whatsoever. This function returns the current system date.read more & VBA TIME functions.

VBA Date will return the current date, and the Time function will return the current time, making the NOW function. Below is a set of codes that will insert the current date and time in cell A1.

Code:

Sub Time_Example2()

  Range("A1").Value = Date & " " & Time

End Sub

This code will insert the current date and time in cell A1.

We can also apply a format to these values using the FORMAT function. For example, the below code will format the date and time.

Code:

Sub Time_Example2()

  Range("A1").Value = Date & " " & Time

  Range("A1").NumberFormat = "dd-mmm-yyyy hh:mm:ss AM/PM"

End Sub

Now, the result of this code is as follows.

Track Your Workbook Open Records using Time Function in VBA

Often, we need to know our workbook opening time frequency. For example, there is a situation where we open the workbook quite often, and we make some changes. Then, we can track the workbook opening time and date by tracking the workbook opening time.

Create a new sheet and rename it “Track Sheet.”

Step 1: Double-click on ThisWorkbook from VBE Editor.

Step 2: Select the workbook from the object drop-down list.

Step 3: As soon as you select this option, you can see a new Macro automatically created by itself in the name “Workbook_Open().”

Step 4: Inside this Macro, we will need to write a code to track the workbook opening date and time.

We have already written the code. Below is the code for you.

Code:

Private Sub  Workbook_Open()

Dim LR As Long

LR = Sheets("Track Sheet").Cells(Rows.Count, 1).End(xlUp).Row + 1

Sheets("Track Sheet").Cells(LR, 1).Value = Date & " " & Time()
Sheets("Track Sheet").Cells(LR, 1).NumberFormat = "dd-mmm-yyyy hh:mm:ss AM/PM"

End Sub

It will record your workbook opening times like the below one.

Recommended Articles

This article has been a guide to VBA Time Function. Here, we learned how to use the VBA Time function and the combination of date and time as an alternative to the NOW() function and track the open workbook records along with examples and a downloadable Excel sheet. Below are some useful Excel articles related to VBA: –

• VBA Paste Method
• Time Card Template
• Excel Convert Function
• CDATE Function in VBA