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We use UBound and LBound functions to get the length of an Array in Excel VBA. In this article, we will discuss them in detail.

Syntax: UBound() function

UBound (arrayname, [ dimension ])

Parameters:

• arrayname: required. Array variable name
• dimension: optional

Returns: Return upper limit of an array dimension.

Syntax: LBound() Function

LBound (arrayname, [ dimension ])

Parameters:

• arrayname : required. Array variable name
• dimension : optional

Returns: Return lower limit of an array dimension

Sample Data: 

VBA Code to get the length of Array (one-dimensional array):

Declare Variables:

Declaring a customer array with the size of 10.

Sub oneDimArrayLength()
' Array variable Declaration
Dim customer (1 To 10) As String

Assign values to array elements

customer(1) = "ANTON"
customer(2) = "BERGS"
customer(3) = "BOLID"
customer(4) = "KOENE"
customer(5) = "FRANS"

Use UBound function to get the size of an array and Message box to display the result

'Message box to popup length of 1D array
MsgBox "Array has " & UBound(customer) & " element(s)."

End Sub

To Run VBA Code

Press Alt+F8 to popup macro window.  Select ” oneDimArrayLength” and Click Run button.

Output

VBA Code to get the length of Array (multi-dimensional array)

Declaring variables:

Declaring ProdAndCustomer multi-dimensional array size of 10 rows and 2 columns

Sub twoDimArrayLength()

' Array variable Declaration
Dim ProdAndCustomer(1 To 10, 1 To 2) As String, noOfRow As Integer, noOfCol As Integer, noOfElements As Integer

Assign values to array elements

ProdAndCustomer(1, 1) = "Alice Mutton"
ProdAndCustomer(2, 1) = "Boston Crab Meat"
ProdAndCustomer(3, 1) = "Camembert Pierrot"
ProdAndCustomer(4, 1) = "Alice Mutton"
ProdAndCustomer(5, 1) = "Ipoh Coffee"

ProdAndCustomer(1, 2) = "ANTON"
ProdAndCustomer(2, 2) = "BERGS"
ProdAndCustomer(3, 2) = "BOLID"
ProdAndCustomer(4, 2) = "BOTTM"
ProdAndCustomer(5, 2) = "FURIB"

Compute Number of Rows, Number of Columns using UBound and LBound function.  Multiply by noOfRow and noOfCol variable to get Number of elements in multi-dimensional array. 

noOfRow = UBound(ProdAndCustomer, 1) - LBound(ProdAndCustomer, 1) + 1
noOfCol = UBound(ProdAndCustomer, 2) - LBound(ProdAndCustomer, 2) + 1
noOfElements = noOfRow * noOfCol

Message box to popup result

'Message box to popup length of 1D array
MsgBox "Array has " & noOfElements & " element(s)."

End Sub

To Run VBA Code

Press Alt+F8 to popup macro window.  Select ” twoDimArrayLength” and Click Run button.

Output:

Copy/Pasta Solution:
The most common answer is this:

UBound(myItems) - LBound(myItems) + 1

While it works +90% of the time, that other 10% fails with nasty unplanned errors when a client/user is running it. That is because there are a number of edge cases which this solution does not cover.

Generic Solution:
The solution below covers all the edge cases I have found thus far. And it eliminates all the run-time failures when a client/user is running it.

'Generic solution using Variant

Public Const SIZE_NOT_ARRAY As Long = -1
Public Const SIZE_EMPTY As Long = 0

'Return Value:
'   -1 - Not an Array
'    0 - Empty
'  > 0 - Defined
Public Function size( _
    ByVal values As Variant _
  , Optional ByVal dimensionOneBased As Long = 1 _
) As Long
  Dim result As Long: result = SIZE_NOT_ARRAY 'Default to not an Array

  Dim lowerBound As Long
  Dim upperBound As Long
  
  On Error GoTo NormalExit
  
  If (IsArray(values) = True) Then
    result = SIZE_EMPTY 'Move default to Empty
    lowerBound = LBound(values, dimensionOneBased) 'Possibly generates error
    upperBound = UBound(values, dimensionOneBased) 'Possibly generates error
    If (lowerBound < upperBound) Then
      result = upperBound - lowerBound + 1 'Size greater than 1
    Else
      If (lowerBound = upperBound) Then
        result = 1 'Size equal to 1
      End If
    End If
  End If
  
NormalExit:
  size = result
End Function

Public Function isEmpty( _
    ByVal values As Variant _
  , Optional ByVal dimensionOneBased As Long = 1 _
) As Boolean
  isEmpty = size(values, dimensionOneBased) = 0
End Function

Public Function isDefined( _
    ByVal values As Variant _
  , Optional ByVal dimensionOneBased As Long = 1 _
) As Boolean
  isDefined = size(values, dimensionOneBased) > 0
End Function

Caveat:
While the above «Generic» solution works and is robust, it is not the most performant. IOW, if one knows one is working with Dim strings() As String, then a more specific solution can be many times faster.

Much Faster Solution:
The Array of String solution below is many times faster than the «Generic Solution» above. Why? Because the extra instructions (defaulting to SIZE_NOT_ARRAY, IsArray, IsEmpty, etc.) and the conversions around from Variant to Array appear to carry considerable cost. In my testing, the solution below can be over 10 times faster.

'Specifically Typed solution for String

Public Const SIZE_EMPTY As Long = 0

'Return Value:
'   -1 - Not an Array
'    0 - Empty
'  > 0 - Defined
Public Function size( _
    ByRef r_values() As String _
  , Optional ByVal dimensionOneBased As Long = 1 _
) As Long
  Dim result As Long: result = SIZE_EMPTY 'Default to Empty

  Dim lowerBound As Long
  Dim upperBound As Long
  
  On Error GoTo NormalExit
  
  lowerBound = LBound(r_values, dimensionOneBased) 'Possibly generates error
  upperBound = UBound(r_values, dimensionOneBased) 'Possibly generates error
  If (lowerBound < upperBound) Then
    result = upperBound - lowerBound + 1 'Size greater than 1
  Else
    If (lowerBound = upperBound) Then
      result = 1 'Size equal to 1
    End If
  End If
  
NormalExit:
  size = result
End Function

Public Function isEmpty( _
    ByRef r_values() As String _
  , Optional ByVal dimensionOneBased As Long = 1 _
) As Boolean
  isEmpty = size(r_values, dimensionOneBased) = 0
End Function

Public Function isDefined( _
    ByRef r_values() As String _
  , Optional ByVal dimensionOneBased As Long = 1 _
) As Boolean
  isDefined = size(r_values, dimensionOneBased) > 0
End Function

Home / VBA / Arrays / VBA Array Length (Size)

In VBA, to get the length of an array means to count the number of elements you have in that array. For this, you need to know the lowest element and the highest element. So, to get this you can use the UBOUND and LBOUND functions that return the upper bound and lower bound, respectively.

Apart from that, you can also use the COUNTA which is a worksheet function. And in this tutorial, we will see both of the methods so you can use any of them at your convenience.

Steps to Get the Size of an Array

Here we have an array that contains a list of months and sales quantity for each month.

1. Make sure to have an array declared properly with rows and columns.
   
2. After that, two more variables (as we have a two-dimensional array) to store the bounds of the array.
   
3. Next, you need to use a formula where you have to use the Ubound function to get the upper bound and then Lbound to get the lower bound of the array.
4. As you have a two-dimensional array you need to get bound for both of the dimensions and set that value to the variables.
   
5. In the end, multiply lengths that you have got from the Ubound and Lbound as upper and lower bound.
   

Here’s the full code.

Dim yearSales(1 To 12, 1 To 2) As Integer
Dim iCount1 As Integer, iCount2 As Integer
   
iCount1 = UBound(yearSales, 1) - LBound(yearSales, 1) + 1
iCount2 = UBound(yearSales, 2) - LBound(yearSales, 2) + 1
   
MsgBox iCount1 * iCount2

Note: You must be wondering that we have a total of 13 rows in the array that I shared with you at the start of the post.

But we have used an array with 13 rows because the first row was a heading. And here we have used an IF STATEMENT and ISEMPTY function to check if the declared array has zero elements.

Dim yearSales(1 To 12, 1 To 2) As Integer
Dim iCount1 As Integer, iCount2 As Integer
If IsEmpty(yearSales) = 0 Then
    MsgBox "This array has zero elements."
Else
    iCount1 = UBound(yearSales, 1) - LBound(yearSales, 1) + 1
    iCount2 = UBound(yearSales, 2) - LBound(yearSales, 2) + 1
    MsgBox "This array has " & iCount1 * iCount2 & " element(s)."

Using COUNTA to get the Length of the Array

As you know that an array is a bunch of elements that are structured in a single or multi-dimensional way and you can use the COUNTA function (worksheet function) to count these elements in one go.

In the following code, you have used the same array that you have declared earlier and then used a variable to store the element count returned by the function.

And as you can see the result it has returned is 24 that’s the count of the total number of elements that we have in the array.

Dim yearSales(1 To 12, 1 To 2) As Integer
iCount = WorksheetFunction.CountA(yearSales)
MsgBox iCount

There’s one thing that you need to take care of that this method won’t be ideal to use in all situations, so it’s always good to use the method that we have discussed earlier.

You can also write a code to check first if the declared array is not blank.

Dim yearSales(1 To 12, 1 To 2) As Integer
If IsEmpty(yearSales) = 0 Then
    MsgBox "This array has zero elements."
Else
    iCount = WorksheetFunction.CountA(yearSales)
    MsgBox "This array has " & iCount & " element(s)."