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IgorBoot  Пользователь Сообщений: 134 |
#1 13.11.2018 22:39:22 Добрый вечер Уважаемые Эксперты. К своему большому стыду не смог самостоятельно разобраться, с тем как с помощью VBA выносить на лист, в диапазон ячеек т.н. формулы массива.
Данная формула на листе работает, к ней притензий нет.
При компиляции программы на этой строке выдается ошибка 1004. Прошу помочь разобраться. Благодарю. Прикрепленные файлы
Изменено: IgorBoot — 13.11.2018 22:41:37 |
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БМВ  Модератор Сообщений: 21378 Excel 2013, 2016 |
#2 13.11.2018 23:11:23 разделитель ; в коде заменит на , и вставлять в одну ячейку, после протянуть или копи пэст на нужный диапазон.
Изменено: БМВ — 13.11.2018 23:14:28 По вопросам из тем форума, личку не читаю. |
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это капец! Программисты — это люди, решающие проблемы, о существовании которых Вы не подозревали, методами, которых Вы не понимаете! |
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БМВ Модератор Сообщений: 21378 Excel 2013, 2016 |
Изменено: БМВ — 13.11.2018 23:27:30 По вопросам из тем форума, личку не читаю. |
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IgorBoot Пользователь Сообщений: 134 |
#5 13.11.2018 23:23:56 Уважаемый БМВ . БМВ , позвольте уточнить
почему нельзя сразу на весь диапазон задавать? я уже попробовал и у меня к сожаленею не получилось. Везде выдается одно и тоже значение. Благодарю за Ответ. |
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БМВ Модератор Сообщений: 21378 Excel 2013, 2016 |
#6 13.11.2018 23:33:59 IgorBoot,
Изменено: БМВ — 13.11.2018 23:34:17 По вопросам из тем форума, личку не читаю. |
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IgorBoot Пользователь Сообщений: 134 |
#7 13.11.2018 23:34:30 Уважаемый БМВ
Я прошу прощения, но данная формула выдает ошибку 1004 Ее я запускал и с FormulaArray и просто с Formula Изменено: IgorBoot — 13.11.2018 23:35:35 |
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vikttur Пользователь Сообщений: 47199 |
Где? В сообщении она вообще не работает… |
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БМВ Модератор Сообщений: 21378 Excel 2013, 2016 |
просто БМВ достаточно. Изменено: БМВ — 13.11.2018 23:55:37 По вопросам из тем форума, личку не читаю. |
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IgorBoot Пользователь Сообщений: 134 |
БМВ
, Спасибо за решение, к большому сожалению я пока еще не знаю таких тонкостей работы с VBA. Изменено: IgorBoot — 13.11.2018 23:53:15 |
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IgorBoot Пользователь Сообщений: 134 |
Уважаемый vikttur . |
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БМВ Модератор Сообщений: 21378 Excel 2013, 2016 |
#12 13.11.2018 23:55:13 это мой косяк и криворукость
По вопросам из тем форума, личку не читаю. |
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Юрий М  Модератор Сообщений: 60575 Контакты см. в профиле |
#13 13.11.2018 23:56:49
Да никто его отбирать и не собирался ) |
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БМВ Модератор Сообщений: 21378 Excel 2013, 2016 |
Off Я ваще не понял, чего я тут по двум фронтам отдуваюсь? Игоря опять на разговоры за жизнь потянуло, где все? По вопросам из тем форума, личку не читаю. |
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IgorBoot Пользователь Сообщений: 134 |
БМВ
спасибо большое за показанный метод. |
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БМВ Модератор Сообщений: 21378 Excel 2013, 2016 |
IgorBoot, не переживайте, на ошибках учатся. Те кто тут сегодня блещут, не сразу такими родились, хотя вот малыш под вопросом По вопросам из тем форума, личку не читаю. |
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vikttur Пользователь Сообщений: 47199 |
#17 14.11.2018 00:07:21
Показывать «выдает ошибку» нужно в файле |
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Добрый вечер! Подскажите, как правильно записать в ячейку AO8 формулу {=МИН(ЕСЛИ(R:R=AN8;N:N))} в VBA, для поиска минимального значения по условию. Прикрепленные файлы
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Ігор Гончаренко  Пользователь Сообщений: 13746 |
#19 06.03.2022 05:36:45
Программисты — это люди, решающие проблемы, о существовании которых Вы не подозревали, методами, которых Вы не понимаете! |
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Роман Дементьев  Пользователь Сообщений: 10 |
#20 06.03.2022 08:20:33 Спасибо!!!!! |
Содержание
- Свойство Range.FormulaLocal (Excel)
- Синтаксис
- Замечания
- Пример
- Поддержка и обратная связь
- Вставить формулу массива в Excel VBA
- Excel vba вставить формулу массива
- Excel vba вставить формулу массива
- Excel vba вставить формулу массива
Свойство Range.FormulaLocal (Excel)
Возвращает или задает формулу для объекта, используя ссылки в стиле A1 на языке пользователя. Для чтения и записи, Variant.
Синтаксис
expression. FormulaLocal
выражение: переменная, представляющая объект Range.
Замечания
Если ячейка содержит константу, это свойство возвращает эту константу. Если ячейка пуста, свойство возвращает пустую строку. Если ячейка содержит формулу, свойство возвращает формулу в виде строки в том же формате, в котором она будет отображаться в строке формул (включая знак равенства).
Если присвоить значение или формулу ячейки для даты, Microsoft Excel проверяет, отформатирована ли эта ячейка с помощью одного из форматов даты или времени. В противном случае числовой формат изменяется на формат короткой даты по умолчанию.
Если диапазон состоит из одного или двух измерений, можно установить формулу для массива Visual Basic с теми же размерами. Аналогично, можно поместить формулу в массив Visual Basic.
При установке формулы в диапазоне с несколькими ячейками все ячейки в диапазоне заполняются формулой.
Пример
Предположим, что вы ввели формулу =SUM(A1:A10) в ячейку A11 на листе на одном листе, используя версию Microsoft Excel на американском английском языке. Если затем открыть книгу на компьютере под управлением немецкой версии и выполнить следующий пример, в этом примере отображается формула =SUMME(A1:A10) в окне сообщения.
Поддержка и обратная связь
Есть вопросы или отзывы, касающиеся Office VBA или этой статьи? Руководство по другим способам получения поддержки и отправки отзывов см. в статье Поддержка Office VBA и обратная связь.
Источник
Вставить формулу массива в Excel VBA
Я записал формулу массива, чтобы вставить в VBA. Вот что у меня после записи. Однако когда я запускаю макрос, он просто не работает.
Из-за отрицательного знака?
Из формулы Excel
Ошибка 1004 — Невозможно установить свойство FormulaArray класса Range.
Прошу прощения за формат кода. Это выглядело ужасно.
Предел вставки массива формул составляет 255 символов с VBA.
Это означает, что мне нужно будет создать диапазоны для ячеек. Спасибо! Могу я спросить, откуда у вас эта информация. Я хочу это проверить.
Есть крайний вариант: использовать человека.
Пусть макрос поместит формулу в ячейку как String, а пользователь завершит процесс:
Я ПОНИМАЮ! Это творчески. Спасибо!
Или вы можете разбить длинную формулу на несколько частей и заменить ее в конце фактической формулой, как показано ниже .
Это еще один изящный способ сделать это! Потрясающие
@OliverBird Спасибо! Любая автоматизация будет неполной, если вы вынуждены попросить пользователя выполнить некоторые действия вручную. Поэтому для меня на самом деле нет никакого смысла вводить формулу как обычную формулу, а затем просить пользователя повторно ввести ее как формулу массива. 🙂
Источник
Excel vba вставить формулу массива
Модератор форума: китин, _Boroda_
Мир MS Excel » Вопросы и решения » Вопросы по VBA » Вычисление формулы массива через VBA и запись результата (Макросы/Sub)
Вычисление формулы массива через VBA и запись результата
| matigovas | Дата: Суббота, 31.03.2018, 08:26 | Сообщение № 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ответить Сообщение Pelena, Елена, тут более широкий вопрос и не всегда СУММПРОИЗВ выручит. adamm1603, по ссылке метод интересный и возможен, но не в вашем случае, так как придется разбивать формулу на части, при этом первая должна работать без второй. Если для единичной это можно сделать руками, то при том что вы хотите, автоматизировать трудно. Собственно там и написано |
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Excel VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) is where spreadsheets meet programming. Although not as complex or powerful as the average programming language, Excel VBA can get very difficult to grasp for all but the most determined of learners. At the same time, the applications and capabilities of VBA are enormous. If you want to truly master Excel, learning VBA is a must. This course on advanced Excel will help you get started.
In this tutorial, we will learn more about one of Excel’s most powerful features, the VBA array, and how to use it in our spreadsheets.
What is an Array?
The dictionary meaning of array is “an ordered arrangement”. In programming and Excel, the meaning is quite similar, except that an array here refers to an “ordered arrangement of data”.
Arrays are primarily used to group or classify data of similar type. In function, it’s similar to a variable, except that a variable can only hold a single item, while an array can hold multiple items.
For example, if I have a list of animals that I want to assign variables to, I can do the following:
A = “Horse”
B = “Dog”
C = “Cat”
D = “Cow”
E = “Duck”
This is just long and tedious. Instead, I can use an array like this:
animals = array(“Horse”, “Dog”, “Cat”, Cow”, “Duck”)
So instead of declaring five separate variables, we declared only one array that could hold all five of our items.
The best part? We can refer or extract any particular item whenever we want. This makes arrays especially powerful for programming.
Arrays are the tool power users turn to when built-in Excel functions fail them. Arrays can be used to perform tasks seemingly impossible to undertake using ordinary formulas. They might sound complicated, but once you get the hang of them, you’ll use them in all your spreadsheets.
Like variables, arrays in VBA are declared using Dim. Besides the array name, you also need to specify the number and type of values the array will store.
The full syntax looks like this:
Dim ExampleArray(6) As String
Where:
Dim = Command for declaring variables/arrays
ExampleArray = Array name
(6) = Number of values to be stored in the array*
As String = The type of data stored in the array
* In VBA, as in most programming languages, count starts from 0. Hence, (6) actually means that there are 7 stored values (from 0 to 6). If you want to count from 1 instead, you would write (1 to 6), like this:
Dim MyArray(1 to 6) As String
Learn more about arrays in Excel in this advanced online training course for Excel 2013.
How to Use Excel VBA Array
The best way to understand how arrays work in Excel is to create one ourselves.
Step 1: Enable Developer Tab
The first step is to enable the Developer tab in Excel. This will enable us to create formulas and macros.
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Go to File -> Options -> Customize Ribbon.
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In the Main Tabs, make sure that Developer is selected.
Step 2: Enable Macros
Before we can start creating our array, we will need to enable macros (which are disabled by default for security purposes).
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Go to File -> Options -> Trust Center
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Click on Trust Center Settings
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In the window that pops up, click on Macro Settings
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Select Enable all macros
Step 3: Create a Button
Before writing our little VBA program, we will first create a button that can run it.
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Open the Developer tab and click on ‘Insert’
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Select ‘Button’ under ‘Form Control’ as shown:
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Click and drag anywhere in the worksheet to create your button.
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The Assign Macro dialog box will pop up. Here, you can give a custom name to your button, or you can leave it as is. Once you’ve selected the name, click on New
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The Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications window will pop open. You can also access it by press ALT + F11.
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In the main code editor window, type in the following program, right after ‘Sub Button1_Click()’:
Dim CustomerName(1 to 10) As String For i = 1 to 10 CustomerName(i) = InputBox(“Please Enter the Customer Name”) Cells(i, 1) = CustomerName(i) Next
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Save the program by clicking on the save icon. Enter a name in the save dialog box and make sure to choose Excel Macro-Enabled Workbook
Your program is now associated with the button. Pressing the button will trigger the VBA program
New to Excel? This fast track course on Excel will help you get started.
Step 4: Run the Program
Close the VBA window (ALT + F11) after saving the program. You will now see your original worksheet with the button.
Click the button (if the button is not enabled, try clicking on any cell to deselect it before clicking). A prompt asking you to enter “Please Enter Customer Name” (or whatever else you wrote in the program) will pop-up.
Since we set our range in the formula from 1 to 10, the prompt will ask for our input 10 times. Whatever values you enter in the dialog box will automatically fill up the first column:
That’ it! You’ve successfully created a VBA macro using an array!
Breaking it Down: Understanding the VBA Array Formula
Before we leave, let’s take another look at the VBA array formula we used above:
Sub Button1_Click()
Dim CustomerName(1 To 10) As String
For i = 1 To 10
CustomerName(i) = InputBox("Please Enter the Customer Name")
Cells(i, 1) = CustomerName(i)
Next
End Sub
Let’s try to understand it a little better:
Sub Button1_Click()
This command is basically used to refer to the button we created in our workbook. Button1 is the name of our button; Click() is the action that triggers it.
Dim CustomerName(1 to 10) As String
This is our actual array. Here:
Dim = Command used to assign variables and arrays
CustomerName = Name of array
(1 to 10) = The number of values stored in the array.
As String = This tells Excel that the values to be stored are String, not numbers (numbers would be Integer)
Moving on
For i = 1 to 10
This is a VBA for loop. It tells VBA to go through the values 1 to 10 sequentially.
CustomerName(i) = InputBox("Please Enter the Customer Name")
Here, CustomerName(i) cycles through i (from 1 to 10), assigning each the value entered in the InputBox.
Cells(i, 1) = CustomerName(i)
This tells Excel to enter the values of i accepted in the previous line in the first column. If you wanted to enter them in the second column, you would write Cells(i, 2)
Next
Every For loop must end with a Next command.
End Sub
This signals that the program is over.
Now that you know how to use an array, why not take a course like Advanced Excel Training that will introduce you to more advanced Excel concepts, including how to make use of VBA arrays.
1 Introduction
The Range.FormulaArray property is used to set or return the array formula of a range and works in a very similar way to the more familiar Range.Formula property. However, because of the fact that it is working in relation to array formulas, there are more restrictions to consider and it is slightly more difficult to use. In the context of this article, an ‘array formula’ can be considered to mean a formula which has been entered into the formula bar using CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER rather than ENTER, so that it has been enclosed by parentheses { }.
2 Returning A Formula From A Range
If you want to return a formula from a single cell, the Range.Formula and Range.FormulaArray properties both return exactly the same result regardless of whether that cell contains an array formula or not.
However, they return different results when they are applied to a contiguous, multi-cell range. If the range is an array range (a block of cells that shares a single array formula) then the FormulaArray property returns that formula. If the range is not an array range but all of the cells contain identical formulas, then the FormulaArray property will also return that common formula. If the range is not an array range and the cells do not contain identical formulas, then the FormulaArray property returns Null. In all three scenarios, the Formula property will return an array of Variants, with each element of the array representing a formula from each cell within the range.
3 Setting An Array Formula In A Range
According to the Remarks section in ‘Range.FormulaArray Property’ topic in the VBA help file, R1C1 reference style rather than A1 reference style should be used when setting an array formula. This isn’t strictly true, although it may make problem-shooting runtime errors more straightforward. I find A1 notation much easier to use, so I will use it in all the following examples and I’ll discuss the R1C1 vs. A1 reference style question in the problem-shooting section later on.
3.1 Setting A Single-Cell Array Formula
The two points to note are that the = sign at the beginning of the string is optional and that you should not include the parentheses { } which will automatically surround the array formula once it has been assigned.
'put array formula {=FREQUENCY(A2:A10, B2:B4)} into cell E2
Sheet1.Range("E2").FormulaArray = "=FREQUENCY(A2:A10, B2:B4)"
3.2 Setting A Multi-Cell Array Formula
If the intention is for the block of cells to be an array range (sharing a single formula) then it is as straightforward as the previous example:
'put array formula {=A2:A10="hello"} into cells C2:C10
Sheet1.Range("C2:C10").FormulaArray = "=A2:A10=""hello"""
If the intention is for each cell in the block to have its own array formula then a little bit more work has to be done. Let’s compare a few different options using this array formula as an example:
{=MAX(IF((($E$2:$E$10=A2)+($F$2:$F$10=B2))=1,$G$2:$G$10))}
This formula returns the maximum value in I2:I10 where either (but not both) of the corresponding cells in column G equals A2 or column H equals B2.
Because we want the A2 and B2 references to adjust as we ‘fill’ the array formula down the column, we cannot use the Range.FormulaArray property as we have previously.
The first option is to use a loop, for example:
Sub Option1()
Dim r As Long
For r = 2 To 5
Sheet1.Cells(r, 3).FormulaArray = _
"=MAX(IF((($E$2:$E$10=A" & CStr(r) & ")+($F$2:$F$10=B" & CStr(r) & "))=1,$G$2:$G$10))"
Next r
End Sub
Every formula will be calculated irrespective of calculation settings with this option.
The second option is to populate the first cell and then copy/paste or fill it down:
Sub Option2()
Sheet1.Range("C2").FormulaArray = _
"=MAX(IF((($E$2:$E$10=A2)+($F$2:$F$10=B2))=1,$G$2:$G$10))"
Sheet1.Range("C2:C5").FillDown
End Sub
This method will copy not only fill down the formulas but also the formats etc., which may be an advantage or a disadvantage depending on the situation. If calculations are set to manual then the ‘filled in’ cells will not be calculated. In my testing this method seems to be the fastest even with calculations set to automatic.
The third option is to populate the first cell and then copy it onto the clipboard and paste special formulas:
Sub Option3()
Sheet1.Range("C2").FormulaArray = _
"=MAX(IF((($E$2:$E$10=A2)+($F$2:$F$10=B2))=1,$G$2:$G$10))"
Sheet1.Range("C2").Copy
Sheet1.Range("C3:C5").PasteSpecial xlPasteFormulas
Application.CutCopyMode = False
End Sub
This avoids copying down the formats etc. but in my testing this method seems to be much slower than all the others. If calculations are set to manual then the formulas that have been pasted will not be calculated.
A final option is as follows:
Sub Option4()
With Sheet1.Range("C2:C5")
'step 1
.Formula = "=MAX(IF((($E$2:$E$10=A2)+($F$2:$F$10=B2))=1,$G$2:$G$10))"
'step 2
.FormulaArray = .FormulaR1C1
End With
End Sub
The formula assignment in step 1 can be done with either the Formula or FormulaR1C1 properties. However, the FormulaR1C1 property must be used in step 2 because using the Formula property would cause the relative references to become distorted down the range. This approach performs fairly similarly to the Option 1 loop approach.
3.3 Problem-Shooting
When you’re trying to use the Range.FormulaArray property you may get the following error:
Run-time error ‘1004’: ‘Unable to set the FormulaArray property of the Range class’
The message doesn’t contain a lot of useful information so determining the cause of the problem can be quite tough. Here are some reasons why you may be getting this error message:
3.3.1 You Are Trying To Change Part Of An Array Range
For example, this code will fail:
'create an array range
Sheet1.Range("C2:C10").FormulaArray = "=A2:A10=""hello"""
'try to change part of an array range gives an ERROR
Sheet1.Range("C2").FormulaArray = "=A2:A10=""hello"""
You have to clear the array range first or change the entire array range at the same time. You can determine if a cell is part of an array range as follows:
With Sheet1
'create an array range
.Range("C2:C10").FormulaArray = "=A2:A10=""hello"""
With .Range("C2")
'check if C2 is part of an array range
If .HasArray Then
'what is the full array range?
MsgBox .CurrentArray.Address
End If
End With
End With
3.3.2 You Are Trying To Put An Array Formula Into A Merged Cell
It is possible to put an array formula into a cell and then merge that cell with other cells, but you cannot put an array formula into a cell that has already been merged. For example, this code will fail:
'create some merged cells
Sheet1.Range("C2:C10").Merge
'try to set an array formula gives an ERROR
Sheet1.Range("C2").FormulaArray = "=A2:A10=""hello"""
You can check if a cell is part of a merged range as follows:
With Sheet1
'create some merged cells
.Range("C2:C10").Merge
'check if C2 is part of a merged range
With .Range("C2")
If .MergeArea.Address = .Address Then
MsgBox "Cell not merged"
Else
MsgBox "Cell is merged, merged range = " & .MergeArea.Address
End If
End With
End With
3.3.3 Your Array Formula Contains A Syntax Error Such As A Missing Or Invalid Argument
With Sheet1.Range("E2")
'this will give an error because argument in SUM() function missing
.FormulaArray = "=SUM()"
'this will give an error because SUMIF() cannot accept an array data type
'passed into its 1st or 3rd parameters: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/214286/
.FormulaArray = "=SUMIF((A2:A19=1)*(B2:B19),B2,C2:C19)"
End With
3.3.4 Your Array Formula Exceeds 255 Characters
This issue is described on the following MS Support article:
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/213181
More specifically:
- If you are using A1 notation then the R1C1 equivalent must be less than 255 characters. I picked this information up from MS MVP Rory Archibald.
- If you are using R1C1 notation then the formula must be less than 256 characters.
A workaround is using the Range.Replace() method as demonstrated at DailyDoseOfExcel:
http://www.dailydoseofexcel.com/archives/2005/01/10/entering-long-array-formulas-in-vba/
I always use a variable to build up and hold the string representing the array formula I want to apply. I find it makes my code easier to read and debug. Another useful tip is that the Application.ConvertFormula() method can be used to easily convert strings between A1 and R1C1 notation (as well as toggling relative or absolute referencing).
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Вставить формулу массива через vba |
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В формулах листа оператор «=» умеет работать с массивом, но в VBA так не получится.
Можно вычислять как формулу листа:
Debug.Print Application.Evaluate("SumProduct((""Условие 1"" = A4:A10) * E4:H10)")
Но зачем функция листа, если VBA сам может справиться?
Sub uuu()
Dim ArrDir(), ArrSumS()
Dim direct As String
Dim dSum As Double
Dim i As Long, j As Long
i = 10: j = 8 ' где-то раньше определили последние строку/столбец
direct = "Условие 1" ' значение для сравнения
' значения диапазонов листа записываем в массивы
With Workbooks(fExp).Sheets(fExpShN)
ArrDir = .Range("A4:A" & i).Value
ArrSumS = .Range(.Cells(4, 5), .Cells(i, j)).Value
End With
' переменные i, j уже свободны, используем в циклах
For i = 1 To UBound(ArrDir) ' цикл по вертикали
If ArrDir(i, 1) = direct Then
For j = 1 To UBound(ArrSumS, 2) ' цикл по второй размерности
dSum = dSum + ArrSumS(i, j) ' сумма
Next j
End If
Next i
Debug.Print dSum
End Sub
--------------------------------
Примечания к коду автора:
-
родителя можно определять один раз: оператор With/End Wiht ускоряет обработку и помогает сделать код читабельнее;
-
ссылка на книгу не нужна, если макрос записан в этой же книге;
-
для определения диапазона не обязательно применять .Address;
-
строка Application.WorksheetFunction… в любом случае вызвала бы ошибку: получаемое значение никуда не передается.
Правильно:
.Cells(1,1).Value = Application.WorksheetFunction…
dSum = Application.WorksheetFunction…
MsgBox Application.WorksheetFunction…
This post provides an in-depth look at the VBA array which is a very important part of the Excel VBA programming language. It covers everything you need to know about the VBA array.
We will start by seeing what exactly is the VBA Array is and why you need it.
Below you will see a quick reference guide to using the VBA Array. Refer to it anytime you need a quick reminder of the VBA Array syntax.
The rest of the post provides the most complete guide you will find on the VBA array.
Related Links for the VBA Array
Loops are used for reading through the VBA Array:
For Loop
For Each Loop
Other data structures in VBA:
VBA Collection – Good when you want to keep inserting items as it automatically resizes.
VBA ArrayList – This has more functionality than the Collection.
VBA Dictionary – Allows storing a KeyValue pair. Very useful in many applications.
The Microsoft guide for VBA Arrays can be found here.
A Quick Guide to the VBA Array
| Task | Static Array | Dynamic Array |
|---|---|---|
| Declare | Dim arr(0 To 5) As Long | Dim arr() As Long Dim arr As Variant |
| Set Size | See Declare above | ReDim arr(0 To 5)As Variant |
| Get Size(number of items) | See ArraySize function below. | See ArraySize function below. |
| Increase size (keep existing data) | Dynamic Only | ReDim Preserve arr(0 To 6) |
| Set values | arr(1) = 22 | arr(1) = 22 |
| Receive values | total = arr(1) | total = arr(1) |
| First position | LBound(arr) | LBound(arr) |
| Last position | Ubound(arr) | Ubound(arr) |
| Read all items(1D) | For i = LBound(arr) To UBound(arr) Next i Or For i = LBound(arr,1) To UBound(arr,1) Next i |
For i = LBound(arr) To UBound(arr) Next i Or For i = LBound(arr,1) To UBound(arr,1) Next i |
| Read all items(2D) | For i = LBound(arr,1) To UBound(arr,1) For j = LBound(arr,2) To UBound(arr,2) Next j Next i |
For i = LBound(arr,1) To UBound(arr,1) For j = LBound(arr,2) To UBound(arr,2) Next j Next i |
| Read all items | Dim item As Variant For Each item In arr Next item |
Dim item As Variant For Each item In arr Next item |
| Pass to Sub | Sub MySub(ByRef arr() As String) | Sub MySub(ByRef arr() As String) |
| Return from Function | Function GetArray() As Long() Dim arr(0 To 5) As Long GetArray = arr End Function |
Function GetArray() As Long() Dim arr() As Long GetArray = arr End Function |
| Receive from Function | Dynamic only | Dim arr() As Long Arr = GetArray() |
| Erase array | Erase arr *Resets all values to default |
Erase arr *Deletes array |
| String to array | Dynamic only | Dim arr As Variant arr = Split(«James:Earl:Jones»,»:») |
| Array to string | Dim sName As String sName = Join(arr, «:») |
Dim sName As String sName = Join(arr, «:») |
| Fill with values | Dynamic only | Dim arr As Variant arr = Array(«John», «Hazel», «Fred») |
| Range to Array | Dynamic only | Dim arr As Variant arr = Range(«A1:D2») |
| Array to Range | Same as dynamic | Dim arr As Variant Range(«A5:D6») = arr |
Download the Source Code and Data
Please click on the button below to get the fully documented source code for this article.
What is the VBA Array and Why do You Need It?
A VBA array is a type of variable. It is used to store lists of data of the same type. An example would be storing a list of countries or a list of weekly totals.
In VBA a normal variable can store only one value at a time.
In the following example we use a variable to store the marks of a student:
' Can only store 1 value at a time Dim Student1 As Long Student1 = 55
If we wish to store the marks of another student then we need to create a second variable.
In the following example, we have the marks of five students:
Student Marks
We are going to read these marks and write them to the Immediate Window.
Note: The function Debug.Print writes values to the Immediate Window. To view this window select View->Immediate Window from the menu( Shortcut is Ctrl + G)
As you can see in the following example we are writing the same code five times – once for each student:
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Public Sub StudentMarks() ' Get the worksheet called "Marks" Dim sh As Worksheet Set sh = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Marks") ' Declare variable for each student Dim Student1 As Long Dim Student2 As Long Dim Student3 As Long Dim Student4 As Long Dim Student5 As Long ' Read student marks from cell Student1 = sh.Range("C" & 3).Value Student2 = sh.Range("C" & 4).Value Student3 = sh.Range("C" & 5).Value Student4 = sh.Range("C" & 6).Value Student5 = sh.Range("C" & 7).Value ' Print student marks Debug.Print "Students Marks" Debug.Print Student1 Debug.Print Student2 Debug.Print Student3 Debug.Print Student4 Debug.Print Student5 End Sub
The following is the output from the example:
Output
The problem with using one variable per student is that you need to add code for each student. Therefore if you had a thousand students in the above example you would need three thousand lines of code!
Luckily we have arrays to make our life easier. Arrays allow us to store a list of data items in one structure.
The following code shows the above student example using an array:
' ExcelMacroMastery.com ' https://excelmacromastery.com/excel-vba-array/ ' Author: Paul Kelly ' Description: Reads marks to an Array and write ' the array to the Immediate Window(Ctrl + G) ' TO RUN: Click in the sub and press F5 Public Sub StudentMarksArr() ' Get the worksheet called "Marks" Dim sh As Worksheet Set sh = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Marks") ' Declare an array to hold marks for 5 students Dim Students(1 To 5) As Long ' Read student marks from cells C3:C7 into array ' Offset counts rows from cell C2. ' e.g. i=1 is C2 plus 1 row which is C3 ' i=2 is C2 plus 2 rows which is C4 Dim i As Long For i = 1 To 5 Students(i) = sh.Range("C2").Offset(i).Value Next i ' Print student marks from the array to the Immediate Window Debug.Print "Students Marks" For i = LBound(Students) To UBound(Students) Debug.Print Students(i) Next i End Sub
The advantage of this code is that it will work for any number of students. If we have to change this code to deal with 1000 students we only need to change the (1 To 5) to (1 To 1000) in the declaration. In the prior example we would need to add approximately five thousand lines of code.
Let’s have a quick comparison of variables and arrays. First we compare the declaration:
' Variable Dim Student As Long Dim Country As String ' Array Dim Students(1 To 3) As Long Dim Countries(1 To 3) As String
Next we compare assigning a value:
' assign value to variable Student1 = .Cells(1, 1) ' assign value to first item in array Students(1) = .Cells(1, 1)
Finally we look at writing the values:
' Print variable value Debug.Print Student1 ' Print value of first student in array Debug.Print Students(1)
As you can see, using variables and arrays is quite similar.
The fact that arrays use an index(also called a subscript) to access each item is important. It means we can easily access all the items in an array using a For Loop.
Now that you have some background on why arrays are useful let’s go through them step by step.
Two Types of VBA Arrays
There are two types of VBA arrays:
- Static – an array of fixed length.
- Dynamic(not to be confused with the Excel Dynamic Array) – an array where the length is set at run time.
The difference between these types is mostly in how they are created. Accessing values in both array types is exactly the same. In the following sections we will cover both of these types.
VBA Array Initialization
A static array is initialized as follows:
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Public Sub DecArrayStatic() ' Create array with locations 0,1,2,3 Dim arrMarks1(0 To 3) As Long ' Defaults as 0 to 3 i.e. locations 0,1,2,3 Dim arrMarks2(3) As Long ' Create array with locations 1,2,3,4,5 Dim arrMarks3(1 To 5) As Long ' Create array with locations 2,3,4 ' This is rarely used Dim arrMarks4(2 To 4) As Long End Sub
An Array of 0 to 3
As you can see the length is specified when you declare a static array. The problem with this is that you can never be sure in advance the length you need. Each time you run the Macro you may have different length requirements.
If you do not use all the array locations then the resources are being wasted. So if you need more locations you can use ReDim but this is essentially creating a new static array.
The dynamic array does not have such problems. You do not specify the length when you declare it. Therefore you can then grow and shrink as required:
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Public Sub DecArrayDynamic() ' Declare dynamic array Dim arrMarks() As Long ' Set the length of the array when you are ready ReDim arrMarks(0 To 5) End Sub
The dynamic array is not allocated until you use the ReDim statement. The advantage is you can wait until you know the number of items before setting the array length. With a static array you have to state the length upfront.
To give an example. Imagine you were reading worksheets of student marks. With a dynamic array you can count the students on the worksheet and set an array to that length. With a static array you must set the length to the largest possible number of students.
Assigning Values to VBA Array
To assign values to an array you use the number of the location. You assign the value for both array types the same way:
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Public Sub AssignValue() ' Declare array with locations 0,1,2,3 Dim arrMarks(0 To 3) As Long ' Set the value of position 0 arrMarks(0) = 5 ' Set the value of position 3 arrMarks(3) = 46 ' This is an error as there is no location 4 arrMarks(4) = 99 End Sub
The array with values assigned
The number of the location is called the subscript or index. The last line in the example will give a “Subscript out of Range” error as there is no location 4 in the array example.
VBA Array Length
There is no native function for getting the number of items in an array. I created the ArrayLength function below to return the number of items in any array no matter how many dimensions:
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Function ArrayLength(arr As Variant) As Long On Error Goto eh ' Loop is used for multidimensional arrays. The Loop will terminate when a ' "Subscript out of Range" error occurs i.e. there are no more dimensions. Dim i As Long, length As Long length = 1 ' Loop until no more dimensions Do While True i = i + 1 ' If the array has no items then this line will throw an error Length = Length * (UBound(arr, i) - LBound(arr, i) + 1) ' Set ArrayLength here to avoid returing 1 for an empty array ArrayLength = Length Loop Done: Exit Function eh: If Err.Number = 13 Then ' Type Mismatch Error Err.Raise vbObjectError, "ArrayLength" _ , "The argument passed to the ArrayLength function is not an array." End If End Function
You can use it like this:
' Name: TEST_ArrayLength ' Author: Paul Kelly, ExcelMacroMastery.com ' Description: Tests the ArrayLength functions and writes ' the results to the Immediate Window(Ctrl + G) Sub TEST_ArrayLength() ' 0 items Dim arr1() As Long Debug.Print ArrayLength(arr1) ' 10 items Dim arr2(0 To 9) As Long Debug.Print ArrayLength(arr2) ' 18 items Dim arr3(0 To 5, 1 To 3) As Long Debug.Print ArrayLength(arr3) ' Option base 0: 144 items ' Option base 1: 50 items Dim arr4(1, 5, 5, 0 To 1) As Long Debug.Print ArrayLength(arr4) End Sub
Using the Array and Split function
You can use the Array function to populate an array with a list of items. You must declare the array as a type Variant. The following code shows you how to use this function.
Dim arr1 As Variant arr1 = Array("Orange", "Peach","Pear") Dim arr2 As Variant arr2 = Array(5, 6, 7, 8, 12)
Contents of arr1 after using the Array function
The array created by the Array Function will start at index zero unless you use Option Base 1 at the top of your module. Then it will start at index one. In programming, it is generally considered poor practice to have your actual data in the code. However, sometimes it is useful when you need to test some code quickly.
The Split function is used to split a string into an array based on a delimiter. A delimiter is a character such as a comma or space that separates the items.
The following code will split the string into an array of four elements:
Dim s As String s = "Red,Yellow,Green,Blue" Dim arr() As String arr = Split(s, ",")
The array after using Split
The Split function is normally used when you read from a comma-separated file or another source that provides a list of items separated by the same character.
Using Loops With the VBA Array
Using a For Loop allows quick access to all items in an array. This is where the power of using arrays becomes apparent. We can read arrays with ten values or ten thousand values using the same few lines of code. There are two functions in VBA called LBound and UBound. These functions return the smallest and largest subscript in an array. In an array arrMarks(0 to 3) the LBound will return 0 and UBound will return 3.
The following example assigns random numbers to an array using a loop. It then prints out these numbers using a second loop.
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Public Sub ArrayLoops() ' Declare array Dim arrMarks(0 To 5) As Long ' Fill the array with random numbers Dim i As Long For i = LBound(arrMarks) To UBound(arrMarks) arrMarks(i) = 5 * Rnd Next i ' Print out the values in the array Debug.Print "Location", "Value" For i = LBound(arrMarks) To UBound(arrMarks) Debug.Print i, arrMarks(i) Next i End Sub
The functions LBound and UBound are very useful. Using them means our loops will work correctly with any array length. The real benefit is that if the length of the array changes we do not have to change the code for printing the values. A loop will work for an array of any length as long as you use these functions.
Using the For Each Loop with the VBA Array
You can use the For Each loop with arrays. The important thing to keep in mind is that it is Read-Only. This means that you cannot change the value in the array.
In the following code the value of mark changes but it does not change the value in the array.
For Each mark In arrMarks ' Will not change the array value mark = 5 * Rnd Next mark
The For Each is loop is fine to use for reading an array. It is neater to write especially for a Two-Dimensional array as we will see.
Dim mark As Variant For Each mark In arrMarks Debug.Print mark Next mark
Using Erase with the VBA Array
The Erase function can be used on arrays but performs differently depending on the array type.
For a static Array the Erase function resets all the values to the default. If the array is made up of long integers(i.e type Long) then all the values are set to zero. If the array is of strings then all the strings are set to “” and so on.
For a Dynamic Array the Erase function DeAllocates memory. That is, it deletes the array. If you want to use it again you must use ReDim to Allocate memory.
Let’s have a look an example for the static array. This example is the same as the ArrayLoops example in the last section with one difference – we use Erase after setting the values. When the value are printed out they will all be zero:
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Public Sub EraseStatic() ' Declare array Dim arrMarks(0 To 3) As Long ' Fill the array with random numbers Dim i As Long For i = LBound(arrMarks) To UBound(arrMarks) arrMarks(i) = 5 * Rnd Next i ' ALL VALUES SET TO ZERO Erase arrMarks ' Print out the values - there are all now zero Debug.Print "Location", "Value" For i = LBound(arrMarks) To UBound(arrMarks) Debug.Print i, arrMarks(i) Next i End Sub
We will now try the same example with a dynamic. After we use Erase all the locations in the array have been deleted. We need to use ReDim if we wish to use the array again.
If we try to access members of this array we will get a “Subscript out of Range” error:
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Public Sub EraseDynamic() ' Declare array Dim arrMarks() As Long ReDim arrMarks(0 To 3) ' Fill the array with random numbers Dim i As Long For i = LBound(arrMarks) To UBound(arrMarks) arrMarks(i) = 5 * Rnd Next i ' arrMarks is now deallocated. No locations exist. Erase arrMarks End Sub
Increasing the length of the VBA Array
If we use ReDim on an existing array, then the array and its contents will be deleted.
In the following example, the second ReDim statement will create a completely new array. The original array and its contents will be deleted.
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Sub UsingRedim() Dim arr() As String ' Set array to be slots 0 to 2 ReDim arr(0 To 2) arr(0) = "Apple" ' Array with apple is now deleted ReDim arr(0 To 3) End Sub
If we want to extend the length of an array without losing the contents, we can use the Preserve keyword.
When we use Redim Preserve the new array must start at the same starting dimension e.g.
We cannot Preserve from (0 to 2) to (1 to 3) or to (2 to 10) as they are different starting dimensions.
In the following code we create an array using ReDim and then fill the array with types of fruit.
We then use Preserve to extend the length of the array so we don’t lose the original contents:
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Sub UsingRedimPreserve() Dim arr() As String ' Set array to be slots 0 to 1 ReDim arr(0 To 2) arr(0) = "Apple" arr(1) = "Orange" arr(2) = "Pear" ' Reset the length and keep original contents ReDim Preserve arr(0 To 5) End Sub
You can see from the screenshots below, that the original contents of the array have been “Preserved”.
Before ReDim Preserve
After ReDim Preserve
Word of Caution: In most cases, you shouldn’t need to resize an array like we have done in this section. If you are resizing an array multiple times then you may want to consider using a Collection.
Using Preserve with Two-Dimensional Arrays
Preserve only works with the upper bound of an array.
For example, if you have a two-dimensional array you can only preserve the second dimension as this example shows:
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Sub Preserve2D() Dim arr() As Long ' Set the starting length ReDim arr(1 To 2, 1 To 5) ' Change the length of the upper dimension ReDim Preserve arr(1 To 2, 1 To 10) End Sub
If we try to use Preserve on a lower bound we will get the “Subscript out of range” error.
In the following code we use Preserve on the first dimension. Running this code will give the “Subscript out of range” error:
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Sub Preserve2DError() Dim arr() As Long ' Set the starting length ReDim arr(1 To 2, 1 To 5) ' "Subscript out of Range" error ReDim Preserve arr(1 To 5, 1 To 5) End Sub
When we read from a range to an array, it automatically creates a two-dimensional array, even if we have only one column.
The same Preserve rules apply. We can only use Preserve on the upper bound as this example shows:
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Sub Preserve2DRange() Dim arr As Variant ' Assign a range to an array arr = Sheet1.Range("A1:A5").Value ' Preserve will work on the upper bound only ReDim Preserve arr(1 To 5, 1 To 7) End Sub
Sorting the VBA Array
There is no function in VBA for sorting an array. We can sort the worksheet cells but this could be slow if there is a lot of data.
The QuickSort function below can be used to sort an array.
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Sub QuickSort(arr As Variant, first As Long, last As Long) Dim vCentreVal As Variant, vTemp As Variant Dim lTempLow As Long Dim lTempHi As Long lTempLow = first lTempHi = last vCentreVal = arr((first + last) 2) Do While lTempLow <= lTempHi Do While arr(lTempLow) < vCentreVal And lTempLow < last lTempLow = lTempLow + 1 Loop Do While vCentreVal < arr(lTempHi) And lTempHi > first lTempHi = lTempHi - 1 Loop If lTempLow <= lTempHi Then ' Swap values vTemp = arr(lTempLow) arr(lTempLow) = arr(lTempHi) arr(lTempHi) = vTemp ' Move to next positions lTempLow = lTempLow + 1 lTempHi = lTempHi - 1 End If Loop If first < lTempHi Then QuickSort arr, first, lTempHi If lTempLow < last Then QuickSort arr, lTempLow, last End Sub
You can use this function like this:
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Sub TestSort() ' Create temp array Dim arr() As Variant arr = Array("Banana", "Melon", "Peach", "Plum", "Apple") ' Sort array QuickSort arr, LBound(arr), UBound(arr) ' Print arr to Immediate Window(Ctrl + G) Dim i As Long For i = LBound(arr) To UBound(arr) Debug.Print arr(i) Next i End Sub
Passing the VBA Array to a Sub
Sometimes you will need to pass an array to a procedure. You declare the parameter using parenthesis similar to how you declare a dynamic array.
Passing to the procedure using ByRef means you are passing a reference of the array. So if you change the array in the procedure it will be changed when you return.
Note: When you use an array as a parameter it cannot use ByVal, it must use ByRef. You can pass the array using ByVal making the parameter a variant.
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ ' Passes array to a Function Public Sub PassToProc() Dim arr(0 To 5) As String ' Pass the array to function UseArray arr End Sub Public Function UseArray(ByRef arr() As String) ' Use array Debug.Print UBound(arr) End Function
Returning the VBA Array from a Function
It is important to keep the following in mind. If you want to change an existing array in a procedure then you should pass it as a parameter using ByRef(see last section). You do not need to return the array from the procedure.
The main reason for returning an array is when you use the procedure to create a new one. In this case you assign the return array to an array in the caller. This array cannot be already allocated. In other words you must use a dynamic array that has not been allocated.
The following examples show this
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Public Sub TestArray() ' Declare dynamic array - not allocated Dim arr() As String ' Return new array arr = GetArray End Sub Public Function GetArray() As String() ' Create and allocate new array Dim arr(0 To 5) As String ' Return array GetArray = arr End Function
Using a Two-Dimensional VBA Array
The arrays we have been looking at so far have been one-dimensional arrays. This means the arrays are one list of items.
A two-dimensional array is essentially a list of lists. If you think of a single spreadsheet row as a single dimension then more than one column is two dimensional. In fact a spreadsheet is the equivalent of a two-dimensional array. It has two dimensions – rows and columns.
One small thing to note is that Excel treats a one-dimensional array as a row if you write it to a spreadsheet. In other words, the array arr(1 to 5) is equivalent to arr(1 to 1, 1 to 5) when writing values to the spreadsheet.
The following image shows two groups of data. The first is a one-dimensional layout and the second is two dimensional.
To access an item in the first set of data(1 dimensional) all you need to do is give the row e.g. 1,2, 3 or 4.
For the second set of data (two-dimensional), you need to give the row AND the column. So you can think of 1 dimensional being multiple columns and one row and two-dimensional as being multiple rows and multiple columns.
Note: It is possible to have more than two dimensions in an array. It is rarely required. If you are solving a problem using a 3+ dimensional array then there probably is a better way to do it.
You declare a two-dimensional array as follows:
Dim ArrayMarks(0 To 2,0 To 3) As Long
The following example creates a random value for each item in the array and the prints the values to the Immediate Window:
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Public Sub TwoDimArray() ' Declare a two dimensional array Dim arrMarks(0 To 3, 0 To 2) As String ' Fill the array with text made up of i and j values Dim i As Long, j As Long For i = LBound(arrMarks) To UBound(arrMarks) For j = LBound(arrMarks, 2) To UBound(arrMarks, 2) arrMarks(i, j) = CStr(i) & ":" & CStr(j) Next j Next i ' Print the values in the array to the Immediate Window Debug.Print "i", "j", "Value" For i = LBound(arrMarks) To UBound(arrMarks) For j = LBound(arrMarks, 2) To UBound(arrMarks, 2) Debug.Print i, j, arrMarks(i, j) Next j Next i End Sub
You can see that we use a second For loop inside the first loop to access all the items.
The output of the example looks like this:
How this Macro works is as follows:
- Enters the i loop
- i is set to 0
- Entersj loop
- j is set to 0
- j is set to 1
- j is set to 2
- Exit j loop
- i is set to 1
- j is set to 0
- j is set to 1
- j is set to 2
- And so on until i=3 and j=2
You may notice that LBound and UBound have a second argument with the value 2. This specifies that it is the upper or lower bound of the second dimension. That is the start and end location for j. The default value 1 which is why we do not need to specify it for the i loop.
Using the For Each Loop
Using a For Each is neater to use when reading from an array.
Let’s take the code from above that writes out the two-dimensional array
' Using For loop needs two loops Debug.Print "i", "j", "Value" For i = LBound(arrMarks) To UBound(arrMarks) For j = LBound(arrMarks, 2) To UBound(arrMarks, 2) Debug.Print i, j, arrMarks(i, j) Next j Next i
Now let’s rewrite it using a For each loop. You can see we only need one loop and so it is much easier to write:
' Using For Each requires only one loop Debug.Print "Value" Dim mark As Variant For Each mark In arrMarks Debug.Print mark Next mark
Using the For Each loop gives us the array in one order only – from LBound to UBound. Most of the time this is all you need.
Reading from a Range to the VBA Array
If you have read my previous post on Cells and Ranges then you will know that VBA has an extremely efficient way of reading from a Range of Cells to an Array and vice versa
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Public Sub ReadToArray() ' Declare dynamic array Dim StudentMarks As Variant ' Read values into array from first row StudentMarks = Range("A1:Z1").Value ' Write the values back to the third row Range("A3:Z3").Value = StudentMarks End Sub
The dynamic array created in this example will be a two dimensional array. As you can see we can read from an entire range of cells to an array in just one line.
The next example will read the sample student data below from C3:E6 of Sheet1 and print them to the Immediate Window:
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Public Sub ReadAndDisplay() ' Get Range Dim rg As Range Set rg = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet1").Range("C3:E6") ' Create dynamic array Dim StudentMarks As Variant ' Read values into array from sheet1 StudentMarks = rg.Value ' Print the array values Debug.Print "i", "j", "Value" Dim i As Long, j As Long For i = LBound(StudentMarks) To UBound(StudentMarks) For j = LBound(StudentMarks, 2) To UBound(StudentMarks, 2) Debug.Print i, j, StudentMarks(i, j) Next j Next i End Sub
Sample Student data
Output from sample data
As you can see the first dimension(accessed using i) of the array is a row and the second is a column. To demonstrate this take a look at the value 44 in E4 of the sample data. This value is in row 2 column 3 of our data. You can see that 44 is stored in the array at StudentMarks(2,3).
You can see more about using arrays with ranges in this YouTube video
How To Make Your Macros Run at Super Speed
If your macros are running very slow then you may find this section very helpful. Especially if you are dealing with large amounts of data. The following is a very well-kept secret in VBA
Updating values in arrays is exponentially faster than updating values in cells.
In the last section, you saw how we can easily read from a group of cells to an array and vice versa. If we are updating a lot of values then we can do the following:
1. Copy the data from the cells to an array.
2. Change the data in the array.
3. Copy the updated data from the array back to the cells.
For example, the following code would be much faster than the code below it:
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Public Sub ReadToArray() ' Read values into array from first row Dim StudentMarks As Variant StudentMarks = Range("A1:Z20000").Value Dim i As Long For i = LBound(StudentMarks) To UBound(StudentMarks) ' Update marks here StudentMarks(i, 1) = StudentMarks(i, 1) * 2 '... Next i ' Write the new values back to the worksheet Range("A1:Z20000").Value = StudentMarks End Sub
' https://excelmacromastery.com/ Sub UsingCellsToUpdate() Dim c As Variant For Each c In Range("A1:Z20000") c.Value = ' Update values here Next c End Sub
Assigning from one set of cells to another is also much faster than using Copy and Paste:
' Assigning - this is faster Range("A1:A10").Value = Range("B1:B10").Value ' Copy Paste - this is slower Range("B1:B1").Copy Destination:=Range("A1:A10")
The following comments are from two readers who used arrays to speed up their macros
“A couple of my projects have gone from almost impossible and long to run into almost too easy and a reduction in time to run from 10:1.” – Dane
“One report I did took nearly 3 hours to run when accessing the cells directly — 5 minutes with arrays” – Jim
You can see more about the speed of Arrays compared to other methods in this YouTube video.
To see a comparison between Find, Match and Arrays it is worth checking out this post by Charles Williams.
Conclusion
The following is a summary of the main points of this post
- Arrays are an efficient way of storing a list of items of the same type.
- You can access an array item directly using the number of the location which is known as the subscript or index.
- The common error “Subscript out of Range” is caused by accessing a location that does not exist.
- There are two types of arrays: Static and Dynamic.
- Static is used when the length of the array is always the same.
- Dynamic arrays allow you to determine the length of an array at run time.
- LBound and UBound provide a safe way of find the smallest and largest subscripts of the array.
- The basic array is one dimensional. You can also have multidimensional arrays.
- You can only pass an array to a procedure using ByRef. You do this like this: ByRef arr() as long.
- You can return an array from a function but the array, it is assigned to, must not be currently allocated.
- A worksheet with its rows and columns is essentially a two-dimensional array.
- You can read directly from a worksheet range into a two-dimensional array in just one line of code.
- You can also write from a two-dimensional array to a range in just one line of code.
What’s Next?
Free VBA Tutorial If you are new to VBA or you want to sharpen your existing VBA skills then why not try The Ultimate VBA Tutorial.
Related Training: Get full access to the Excel VBA training webinars.
(NOTE: Planning to build or manage a VBA Application? Learn how to build 10 Excel VBA applications from scratch.)