Using the or and if function in excel

Logical functions are designed to test one or several conditions, and perform the actions prescribed for each of the two possible results. Such results can only be logical TRUE or FALSE.

Excel contains several logical functions such as IF, IFERROR, SUMIF, AND, OR, and others. The last two are not used in practice, as a rule, because the result of their calculations may be one of only two possible options (TRUE, FALSE). When combined with the IF function, they are able to significantly expand its functionality.



Examples of using formulas with IF, AND, OR functions in Excel

Example 1. When calculating the cost of the amount of consumed kW of electricity for subscribers, the following conditions are taken into account:

1. If less than 3 people live in the apartment or less than 100 kW of electricity was consumed per month, the rate per 1 kW is 4.35$.
2. In other cases, the rate for 1 kW is 5.25$.

Calculate the amount payable per month for several subscribers.

View source data table:

Perform the calculation according to the formula:

Argument Description:

• OR (B3<=2,C3<100) is a logical expression that verifies two conditions: do less than 3 people live in the apartment or does the total amount of energy consumed less than 100 kW? The result of the test will be TRUE if either of these two conditions is true;
• C3 * 4.35 — the amount to be paid, if the OR function returns TRUE;
• C3 * 5.25 is the amount to be paid if OR returns FALSE.

We stretch the formula for the remaining cells using the autocomplete function. The result of the calculation for each subscriber:

Using the AND function in the formula in the first argument in the IF function, we check the conformity of the values by two conditions at once.



Formula with IF and AVERAGE functions for selecting of values by conditions

Example 2. Applicants entering the university for the specialty «mechanical engineer» are required to pass 3 exams in mathematics, physics and English. The maximum score for each exam is 100. The average passing score for 3 exams is 75, while the minimum score in physics must be at least 70 points, and in mathematics it is 80. Determine applicants who have successfully passed the exams.

View source table:

To determine the enrolled students use the formula:

Argument Description:

• AND(B4>=80,C4>=70,AVERAGE(B4:D4)>=75) — checked logical expressions according to the condition of the problem;
• «Enroll» — the result, if the function AND returned the value TRUE (all expressions represented as its arguments, as a result of the calculations returned the value TRUE);
• «Not Enroll» — the result if AND returned FALSE.

Using the autocomplete function (double-click on the cursor marker in the lower right corner), we get the rest of the results:

Formula with logical functions AND IF OR in excel

Example 3. Subsidies in the amount of 30% are charged to families with an average income below 8,000$, which are large or there is no main breadwinner. If the number of children is over 5, the amount of the subsidy is 50%. Determine who should receive subsidies and who should not.

View source table:

To check the criteria according to the condition of the problem, we write the formula:

Argument Description:

• AND(B3<8000,OR(C3=TRUE,E3=FALSE)) is the checked expression according to the condition of the problem. In this case, the AND function returns the TRUE value, if B3 <8000 is true and at least one of the expressions passed as arguments to the OR function also returns the TRUE value.
• The nested IF function performs a check on the number of children in the family, which rely on subsidies.
• If the main condition returned the result is FALSE, the main function IF returns the text string “no”.

Perform the calculation for the first family and stretch the formula to the remaining cells using the autocomplete function. Results:

Features of using logical functions IF, AND, OR in Excel

The IF function has the following syntax notation:

=IF(Logical_test,[ Value_if_True ],[ Value_if_False])

As you can see, by default, you can check only one condition, for example, is e3 more than 20? Using the IF function, this check can be done as follows:

=IF(EXP(3)>20,»more»,»less»)

As a result, the text string “more” will be returned. If we need to find out if any value belongs to the specified interval, we will need to compare this value with the upper and lower limits of the intervals, respectively. For example, is the result of calculating e3 in the range from 20 to 25? When using the IF function alone, you must enter the following entry:

=IF(EXP(3)>20,IF(EXP(3)<25,»belongs»,»does not belong»),»does not belong»)

We have a nested function IF as one of the possible results of the implementation of the main function IF, and therefore the syntax looks somewhat cumbersome. If you also need to know, for example, whether the square root e3 is equal to a numeric value from a fractional number range from 4 to 5, the final formula will look cumbersome and unreadable.

It is much easier to use as a condition a complex expression that can be written using AND and OR functions. For example, the above function can be rewritten as follows:

=IF(AND(EXP(3)>20,EXP(3)<25),»belongs»,»does not belong»)

The result of the execution of the AND expression (EXP(3)>20,EXP(3)<25) can be a logical value TRUE only if the result of checking each of the specified conditions is a logical value TRUE. In other words, the function AND allows you to test one, two or more hypotheses on their truth, and returns the result FALSE if at least one of them is incorrect.

Sometimes you want to know if at least one assumption is true. In this case, it is convenient to use the OR function, which performs the check of one or several logical expressions and returns a logical TRUE, if the result of the calculations of at least one of them is a logical TRUE. For example, you want to know if e3 is an integer or a number that is less than 100? To test this condition, you can use the following formula:

=IF(OR(MOD(EXP(3),1)<>0,EXP(3)<100),»true»,»false»)

The “<>” means inequality, that is, more or less than some value. In this case, both expressions return the value TRUE, and the result of the execution of the IF function is the text string «true.» However, if an OR test was performed (MOD(EXP (3),1)<>0,EXP(3)<20, while EXP(3) <20 will return FALSE, the result of the calculation of the IF function will not change, since MOD(EXP(3),1) <> 0 returns TRUE.

Download examples using the functions OR AND IF in Excel

In practice, often used bundles IF + AND, IF + OR, or all three functions at once. Consider examples of similar use of these functions.

Excel IF AND OR functions on their own aren’t very exciting, but mix them up with the IF Statement and you’ve got yourself a formula that’s much more powerful.

In this tutorial we’re going to take a look at the basics of the AND and OR functions and then put them to work with an IF Statement.  If you aren’t familiar with IF Statements, click here to read that tutorial first.

AND Function

The AND function belongs to the logic family of formulas, along with IF, OR and a few others.  It’s useful when you have multiple conditions that must be met.

In Excel language on its own the AND formula reads like this:

=AND(logical1,[logical2]....)

Now to translate into English:

=AND(is condition 1 true, AND condition 2 true (add more conditions if you want)

OR Function

The OR function is useful when you are happy if one, OR another condition is met.

In Excel language on its own the OR formula reads like this:

=OR(logical1,[logical2]....)

Now to translate into English:

=OR(is condition 1 true, OR condition 2 true (add more conditions if you want)

See, I did say they weren’t very exciting, but let’s mix them up with IF and put AND and OR to work.

IF AND Formula

First let’s set the scene of our challenge for the IF, AND formula:

In our spreadsheet below we want to calculate a bonus to pay the children’s TV personalities listed.  The rules, as devised by my 4 year old son, are:

1)      If the TV personality is Popular AND

2)      If they earn less than $100k per year they get a 10% bonus (my 4 year old will write them an IOU, he’s good for it though).

In cell D2 we will enter our IF AND formula as follows:

In English first

=IF(Spider Man is Popular, AND he earns <$100k),  calculate his salary x 10%, if not put "Nil" in the cell)

Now in Excel’s language:

=IF(AND(B2="Yes",C2<100),C2x$H$1,"Nil")

You’ll notice that the two conditions are typed in first, and then the outcomes are entered.  You can have more than two conditions; in fact you can have up to 30 by simply separating each condition with a comma (see warning below about going overboard with this though).

IF OR Formula

Again let’s set the scene of our challenge for the IF, OR formula:

The revised rules, as devised by my 4 year old son, are:

1)      If the TV personality is Popular OR

2)      If they earn less than $100k per year they get a 10% bonus.

In cell D2 we will enter our IF OR formula as follows:

In English first

=IF(Spider Man is Popular, OR he earns <$100k), calculate his salary x 10%, if not put “Nil” in the cell)

Now in Excel’s language:

=IF(OR(B2="Yes",C2<100),C2x$H$1,"Nil")

Notice how a subtle change from the AND function to the OR function has a significant impact on the bonus figure.

Just like the AND function, you can have up to 30 OR conditions nested in the one formula, again just separate each condition with a comma.

Try other operators

You can set your conditions to test for specific text, as I have done in this example with B2=»Yes», just put the text you want to check between inverted comas “   ”.

Alternatively you can test for a number and because the AND and OR functions belong to the logic family, you can employ different tests other than the less than (<) operator used in the examples above.

Other operators you could use are:

• =             Equal to
• >             Greater Than
• <=           Less than or equal to
• >=           Greater than or equal to
• <>           Less than or greater than

Warning: Don’t go overboard with nesting IF, AND, and OR’s, as it will be painful to decipher if you or someone else ever needs to update the formula in months or years to come.

Note: These formulas work in all versions of Excel, however versions pre Excel 2007 are limited to 7 nested IF’s.

Download the Workbook

Excel IF AND OR Practice Questions

IF AND Formula Practice

In the embedded Excel workbook below insert a formula (in the grey cells in column E), that returns the text ‘Yes’, when a product SKU should be reordered, based on the following criteria:

1. If Stock on hand is less than 20,000 AND
2. Demand level is ‘High’

If the above conditions are met, return ‘Yes’, otherwise, return ‘No’.

Tips for working with the embedded workbook:

1. Use arrow keys to move around the worksheet when you can’t click on the cells with your mouse
2. Use shortcut keys CTRL+C to copy and CTRL+V to paste
3. Don’t forget to absolute cell references where applicable
4. Do not enter anything in column F
5. Double click to edit a cell
6. Refresh the page to reset the embedded workbook

IF OR Formula Practice

In the embedded Excel workbook below insert a formula (in the grey cells in column E) that calculates the bonus due for each salesperson. A $500 bonus is paid if a salesperson meets either target in cells C24 and C25, otherwise they earn $0 bonus.

Want More Excel Formulas

Why not visit our list of Excel formulas. You’ll find a huge range all explained in plain English, plus PivotTables and other Excel tools and tricks. Enjoy 🙂

In this article, we will learn to apply multiple conditions in a single formula using OR and AND function with the IF function.

IF function in Excel is used to check the condition and returns value on the basis of it.
Syntax:

=IF(Logic_test, [Value_if True], [Value_if_False])

OR function works on logic_test. It helps you run multiple conditions in Excel. If any one of them is True, OR function returns True else False.
Syntax:

=OR( Logic_test 1, [logic_test 2], ..)

AND function works on logic_test. It helps you run multiple conditions in Excel. If every one of them is True, then only AND function returns True else False.
Syntax:

=AND( Logic_test 1, [logic_test 2], ..)

First we will use IF with OR function.

Let’s get this by an example here.
We have a list of months and need to know in which quarter it lay.

Use the formula to match the quarter of the months

Formula:

=IF(OR(A4=”Jan”,A4=”Feb”,A4=”Mar”),”1st
Quarter”,IF(OR(A4=”Apr”,A4=”May”,A4=”Jun”),”2nd
Quarter”,IF(OR(A4=”Jul”,A4=”Aug”,A4=”Sep”),”3rd
Quarter”,IF(OR(A4=”Oct”,A4=”Nov”,A4=”Dec”),”4th Quarter”))))

Copy the formula in other cells, select the cells taking the first cell where the formula is already applied, use shortcut key Ctrl +D

We got the result.
You can use IF and OR function to meet multiple conditions in a single formula.

Now we will use IF with AND function in Excel.

Let’s get this by an example here.
We have a list of Scores and We need to know under which criteria it lay.

Use the formula to match the criteria

Formula:

=IF(AND(B3 > 50, B3 < 60), «Below Average»,IF(AND(B3 > 60, B3 < 90),»Average»,IF(AND(B3 > 90,B3< 100),»Above Average»,»Top Score»)))

Copy the formula in other cells, select the cells taking the first cell where the formula is already applied, use shortcut key Ctrl + D

We got the Results corresponding to the Scores.
You can use IF and AND function to meet multiple conditions in a single formula.

Hope you understood IF, AND and OR function in Excel 2016. Find more articles on Logic_test here. Please share your query below in the comment box. We will assist you.

Nesting functions in Excel refers to placing one function inside another. The nested function acts as one of the main function’s arguments. The AND, OR, and IF functions are some of Excel’s better known logical functions that are commonly used together.

Build the Excel IF Statement

When using the IF, AND, and OR functions, one or all of the conditions must be true for the function to return a TRUE response. If not, the function returns FALSE as a value.

For the OR function (see row 2 in the image below), if one of these conditions is true, the function returns a value of TRUE. For the AND function (see row 3), all three conditions must be true for the function to returns a value of TRUE.

In the image below, rows 4 to 6 contain formulas where the AND and OR functions are nested inside the IF function.

In this example, three conditions are tested by the formulas in rows 2 and 3:

• Is the value in cell A2 less than 50?
• Is the value in cell A3 not equal to 75?
• Is the value in cell A4 greater than or equal to 100?

Also, in all of the examples, the nested function acts as the IF function’s first argument. This first element is known as the Logical_test argument.

=IF(OR(A2<50,A3<>75,A4>=100),"Data Correct","Data Error")

=IF(AND(A2<50,A3<>75,A4>=100),1000,TODAY())

Change the Formula’s Output

In all formulas in rows 4 to 6, the AND and OR functions are identical to their counterparts in rows 2 and 3 in that they test the data in cells A2 to A4 to see if it meets the required condition.

The IF function is used to control the formula’s output based on what is entered for the function’s second and third arguments. Examples of this output can be text as seen in row 4, a number as seen in row 5, the output from the formula, or a blank cell.

In the case of the IF/AND formula in cell B5, since not all three cells in the range A2 to A4 are true — the value in cell A4 is not greater than or equal to 100 — the AND function returns a FALSE value. The IF function uses this value and returns its Value_if_false argument — the current date supplied by the TODAY function.

On the other hand, the IF/OR formula in row four returns the text statement Data Correct for one of two reasons:

1. The OR value has returned a TRUE value — the value in cell A3 does not equal 75.

2. The IF function then used this result to return its Value_if_false argument: Data Correct.

Use the IF Statement in Excel

The next steps cover how to enter the IF/OR formula located in cell B4 from the example. These same steps can be used to enter any of the IF formulas in these examples.

The steps used to enter the IF/OR formula in cell B4 are as follows:

1. Select cell B4 to make it the active cell.

2. On the ribbon, go to Formulas.

3. Select Logical to open the function dropdown list.

4. Choose IF in the list to open the Function Arguments dialog box.

5. Place the cursor in the Logical_test text box.

6. Enter the complete OR function:

   OR(A2<50,A3<>75,A4>=100)
   

7. Place the cursor in the Value_if_true text box.

8. Type Data Correct.

9. Place the cursor in the Value_if_false text box.

10. Type Data Error.

11. Select OK to complete the function.

12. The formula displays the Value_if_true argument of Data Correct.

13. Select cell B4 to see the complete function in the formula bar above the worksheet.

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