Write a sentence for each word/phrase.
1. (at the moment)
2. (on Sundays)
3. (in the summer)
4. (always)
5. (right now)
6. (in the winter)
7. (never)
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Английский язык 5 класс (рабочая тетрадь) Ваулина. 7 Grammar Practice. Номер №3
Решение
Перевод задания
Напишите предложение для каждого слова / фразы.
1. (на данный момент)
2. (по воскресеньям)
3. (летом)
4. (всегда)
5. (прямо сейчас)
6. (зимой)
7. (никогда)
ОТВЕТ
1. (at the moment) I am doing my homework at the moment.
2. (on Sundays) We go swimming in the swimming pool on Sundays.
3. (in the summer) We go camping in the summer.
4. (always) I always help my mother in the kitchen.
5. (right now) My sister is having a picnic right now.
6. (in the winter) My dad goes skiing in the winter.
7. (never) My sister never walks our dog.
Перевод ответа
1. (в данный момент) Я сейчас делаю домашнее задание.
2. (по воскресеньям) По воскресеньям купаемся в бассейне.
3. (летом) Летом ходим в походы.
4. (всегда) Я всегда помогаю маме на кухне.
5. (прямо сейчас) Моя сестра сейчас на пикнике.
6. (зимой) Папа зимой катается на лыжах.
7. (никогда) Моя сестра никогда не выгуливает нашу собаку.
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(I have been doing and I have done)
Study these example situations:
Ann’s clothes are covered in paint. She has been painting the ceiling.
Has been Painting is the present perfect. We are interested in the activity. It does not matter whether something has been finished or not. In this example, the activity (painting the ceiling) has not been finished. The ceiling was white. Now it is blue. She has painted the ceiling.
Has painted is the present perfect simple. Here, the important thing is that something has been finished. ‘Has painted’ is a completed action. We are interested in the result of the activity (the painted ceiling), not in the activity itself.
Compare these examples:
* My hands are very dirty. I’ve been repairing the car. The car is OK again now. I’ve repaired it.
* She’s been smoking too much recently. She should smoke less. Somebody has smoked all my cigarettes.The packet is empty.
* It’s nice to see you again. What have you been doing since we last met? Where’s the book I gave you? What have you done with it?
* Where have you been? Have you been playing tennis? Have you ever played tennis?
We use the continuous to ask or say how long (for an activity that is still happening):
* How long have you been reading that book?
* Mary is still writing letters. She’s been writing letters all day.
* They’ve been playing tennis since 2 o’clock.
We use the simple to ask or say how much, how many or how many times (completed actions):
* How many pages of that book have you read?
* Mary has written ten letters today.
* They’ve played tennis three times this week.
There are some verbs (for example, know/like/believe) that are normally not used in the continuous:
* I’ve known about it for a long time. (not ‘I’ve been knowing’)
EXERCISES
10.1 Read the situations and write two sentences using the words in brackets.
1. Tom started reading a book two hours ago. He is still reading it and now he is on page 53.
(read/for two hours) He has been reading for two hours. (read/53 pages so far) He has read 53 pages so far.
2. Linda is from Australia. She is travelling round Europe at the moment. She began her tour three months ago. (travel/for three months) She — (visit/six countries so far) —
3. Jimmy is a tennis player. He began playing tennis when he was ten years old. This year he is national champion again—for the fourth time. (win/the national championship four times)
(play/tennis since he was ten)
4. When they left college, Mary and Sue started making films together. They still make films.
(make/ten films since they left college) They — (make/films since they left college)
10.2 For each situation, ask a question using the words in brackets.
1. You have a friend who is learning Arabic. You ask: (how long/learn/Arabic?) How long have you been learning Arabic?
2. You have just arrived to meet a friend. She is waiting for you. You ask: (how long/wait?)
3. You see somebody fishing by the river. You ask: (how many fish/catch?)
4. Some friends of yours are having a party next week. You ask: (how many people/invite?)
5. A friend of yours is a teacher. You ask: (how long/reach?)
6. You meet somebody who is a writer. You ask: (how many books/write?)
(how long/write/books?)
7. A friend of yours is saving money to go on holiday. You ask: (how long/save?) (how much money/save?)
10.3 Put the verb into the more suitable form, present perfect simple (I have done etc.) or continuous (I have been doing etc.).
1. Where have you been? Have you been playing (you/play) tennis?
2. Look! Somebody — (break) that window.
3. You look tired. — (you/work) hard?
4. ‘— (you/ever/work) in a factory?’ ‘No, never.’
5. ‘Jane is away on holiday.’ ‘Oh, is she? Where — (she/go)?
6. My brother is an actor. He — (appear) In several films.
7. ‘Sorry I’m late.’ ‘That’s all right. I — (not/wait) long.’
8. ‘Is it still raining?’ ‘No, it — (stop).’
9. I — (lose) my address book. — (you/see) it anywhere?
10. I — (read) the book you lent me but I — (not/finish) it yet.
11. I — (read) the book you lent me, so you can have it back now.
Answers:
10.1
2 She has been travelling for three months. She has visited six countries so far.
3 He has won the national championship four times. He has been playing tennis since he was ten.
4 They have made ten films since they left college. They have been making films since they left college.
10.2
2 How long have you been waiting?
3 How many fish have you caught?
4 How many people have you invited?
5 How long have you been teaching?
6 How many books have you written? How long have you been writing books?
7 How long have you been saving? How much money have you saved?
10.3
2 has broken
3 Have you been working
4 Have you ever worked S has she gone
6 has appeared/’s appeared
7 haven’t been waiting
8 has stopped Ps stopped
9 have lost/’ve lost … Have you seen
10 have been reading/’ve been reading … haven’t finished
11 have read ‘ve read
Unit 79- Part A
 Sometimes we use a plural noun for one thing that has two parts. For example:
|
| These words are plural, so they take a plural verb: • My trousers are too long. (not my trousers is) You can also use a pair of + these words: • Those are nice jeans. or That’s a nice pair of jeans. (not a nice jeans) • I need some new glasses. or I need a new pair of glasses. |
Unit 79- Part B
Some nouns end in -ics, but are not usually plural. For example:
athletics economics electronics gymnastics maths (= mathematics) physics politics
• Gymnastics is my favourite sport. (not Gymnastics are)
News is not plural (see Unit 70B):
• What time is the news on television? (not are the news)
Some words ending in -s can be singular or plural. For example:
means a means of transport many means of transport
series a television series two television series
species a species of bird 200 species of bird
Unit 79- Part C
Some singular nouns are often used with a plural verb. For example:
audience committee company family firm government staff team
These nouns are all groups of people. We often think of them as a number of people (= they), not as one thing (= it). So we often use a plural verb:
• The government (= they) want to increase taxes.
• The staff at the school (= they) are not happy with their new working conditions.
In the same way, we often use a plural verb after the name of a sports team or a company:
• Italy are playing Brazil next week (in a football match).
• Shell have increased the price of petrol.
A singular verb (The government wants … / Shell has … etc.) is also possible.
We use a plural verb with police:
• The police are investigating the murder, but haven’t arrested anyone yet. (not The police is … hasn’t)
Note that we say a police officer / a policeman / a policewoman (not a police).
Unit 79- Part D
We do not often use the plural of person (‘persons’). We normally use people (a plural word):
• He’s a nice person. but They are nice people. (not nice persons)
• Many people don’t have enough to eat. (not Many people doesn’t)
Unit 79- Part E
We think of a sum of money, a period of time, a distance etc. as one thing. So we use a singular verb:
• Twenty thousand pounds (= it) was stolen in the robbery. (not were stolen)
• Three years (= it) is a long time to be without a job. (not Three years are)
• Six miles is a long way to walk every day.
Exercises
{slide=1 Complete each sentence using a word from Sections A or B.}
Complete each sentence using a word from Sections A or B. Sometimes you need a or some.
{tooltip}Key.{end-link}3 shorts
4 a means
5 means
6 some scissors or a pair of scissors
7 a series
8 series
9 species{end-tooltip}
1 My eyesight isn’t very good. I need glasses.
2 A cpecies is a group of animals or plants that have the same characteristics.
3 Footballers don’t wear trousers when they play. They wear _______________.
4 The bicycle is _______________ of transport.
5 The bicycle and the car are _______________ of transport.
6 I want to cut this piece of material. I need _______________.
7 A friend of mine is writing _______________ of articles for the local newspaper.
8 There are a lot of American TV _______________ shown on British television.
9 While we were out walking, we saw many different _______________ of bird. {/slide} {slide=2 Write the name of the activity.}In each example the words on the left are connected with an activity (for example, a sport or an academic subject). Write the name of the activity. The beginning of the word is given.
{tooltip}Key.{end-link}2 politics
3 economics
4 athletics
5 physics
6 gymnastics
7 electronics{end-tooltip}
| 1 calculate algebra equation 2 government election minister 3 finance trade employment 4 running jumping throwing 5 light heat gravity 6 exercises somersault parallel bars 7 computer silicon chip video games |
mathematics p________________ e________________ a________________ ph_______________ gy_______________ el________________ |
{/slide} {slide=3 Choose the correct form of the verb, singular or plural.}Choose the correct form of the verb, singular or plural. In one sentence either the singular or plural verb is possible.
{tooltip}Key.{end-link}2 don’t
3 want
4 was
5 aren’t
6 wasn’t
7 does or do
8 isn’t
9 they are
10 are
11 Do
12 is{end-tooltip}
1 Gymnastics is / are my favourite sport. (is is correct)
2 The trousers you bought tor me doesn’t / don’t fit me.
3 The police want / wants to interview two men about the robbery last week.
4 Physics was / were my best subject at school.
5 Can I borrow your scissors? Mine isn’t / aren’t sharp enough.
6 Fortunately the news wasn’t / weren’t as bad as we expected.
7 Where does / do your family live?
8 Three days isn’t / aren’t long enough for a good holiday.
9 I can’t find my binoculars. Do you know where it is / they are?
10 It’s a nice place to visit. The people is / are very friendly.
11 Does / Do the police know how the accident happened?
12 I don’t like very hot weather. Thirty degrees is / are too hot for me. {/slide} {slide=4 Most of these sentences are wrong. Correct them where necessary.}Most of these sentences are wrong. Correct them where necessary.
{tooltip}Key.{end-link}3 … wearing black jeans.
4 OK (Brazil is playing is also correct)
5 … very nice people.
6 Ten pounds isn’t
7 … buy some new pyjamas. or … buy a new pair of pyjamas.
8 OK (The committee hasn’t is also correct)
9 There was a police officer / a policeman / a policewoman …
10 What are the police …
11 These scissors aren’t …{end-tooltip}
| 1 Three years are a long time to be without a job. 2 The govermnent want to increase taxes. 3 Susan was wearing a black jeans. 4 Brazil are playing Italy in a football match next week. 5 I like Martin and Jane. They’re very nice persons. 6 I need more than ten pounds. Ten pounds aren’t enough. 7 I’m going to buy a new pyjama. 8 The committee haven’t made a decision yet. 9 There was a police directing traffic in the street. 10 What is the police going to do? 11 This scissors isn’t very sharp. |
Three years is a long time. OK (wants is also corrrect) _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ |
{/slide}
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR IN USE FOR INTERMEDIATE
UNIT 79. Singular and plural
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A |
Sometimes we use a plural noun for one
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B |
Some nouns end in -ics, but are not usually plural. For example:
Gymnastics
Some words ending in -s can be singular or plural.
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C |
Some singular nouns are often used with
A singular verb (The government wants
Note that we say a police officer |
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D |
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E |
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EXERCISES
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79.1 |
Complete each sentence using a word
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79.2 |
In each example the words on the left
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79.3 |
Choose the correct form of the verb,
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79.4 |
Most of these sentences are wrong.
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ANSWER KEY