Since English has been spoken for hundreds of years, some constructions and word combinations that were invented several centuries ago seem odd today. The noun well-being seems like it could be formed as a compound, like wellbeing, or left as separate words, as well being, but despite its length history, only one spelling has ever been standard.
The word pairing well-being has been in use since the 16th century, and, ever since the beginning, there has only been one standard spelling.
Continue reading to find out.
In this post, I will compare wellbeing vs. well-being. I will outline which of these spellings is correct and guide you on its correct use.
Plus, I will show you a helpful memory tool that will help you choose well-being or wellbeing in your own future writing.
When to Use Well-being
What does well-being mean? Well-being is a noun. It describes good health and good fortune, or more generally, wellness.
A considerate person acts to promote the well-being of others, and doctors practice medicine to prolong and enhance the well-being of patients.
The sentences below are examples of well-being in context,
- “We have to consider the well-being of the child when making a foster home placement,” said the director.
- Well-being is a function of a healthy lifestyle, a positive view of one’s place in the world, and the support of valued peers.
Well-being is an old word. Merriam-Webster notes its first recorded use in 1561, nearly five centuries ago. At this point in history, well-being is the established and predominant spelling (see below) and a well-established part of the English language.
When to Use Wellbeing
What does wellbeing mean? Wellbeing is a misspelling of well-being. Despite its long history, well-being has never morphed into a single word and remains hyphenated to this day.
Some writers do not hyphenate well-being, separating the two words into well being. This, too, is nonstandard and most style guides advise against it. The AP Stylebook and Garner’s Modern English Usage, for instance, both state that well-being is hyphenated.
This, however, doesn’t mean these words will never appear adjacent to one another in sentences.
For example,
- Alex Rodriguez did well being a shortstop for the Seattle Mariners, but when be played third base for the New York Yankees, he came to be perceived as a villain.
As you can see, well and being appear next to each other in the sentence above. In this sentence, however, the words do not carry the same meaning as the hyphenated well-being.
Additionally, the graph below, which charts well-being vs. wellbeing vs. well being over time, illustrates the points made above: well-being is much more common than wellbeing and well being in modern English.
This graph is not scientific (it only looks at books published in English since 1800), but it clearly illustrates a dominant long-term trend.
Trick to Remember the Difference
The hyphenated well-being is the standard form of this noun. The single-word wellbeing and the two-word well being are not accepted variants.
Remember that well is an adjective and being is a verb. To form a noun, they must be hyphenated; well-being is not a compound word.
Remember that when words that are different parts of speech are combined, they are hyphenated. The hyphen in well-being is your clue that it is the correct version of this word.
Summary
Is it wellbeing or well-being? Well-being is a noun that means good health or good fortune.
- Well-being is a synonym of the words wellness and welfare.
- Wellbeing and well being are nonstandard variants of this noun, and should be avoided.
To summarize succinctly,
- Use well-being
- Avoid wellbeing or well being.
Contents
- 1 Which is Correct? Wellbeing or Well-Being?
- 2 When to Use Well-being
- 3 When to Use Wellbeing
- 4 Trick to Remember the Difference
- 5 Summary
Good is an adjective while well is an adverb answering the question how. Sometimes well also functions as an adjective pertaining to health.
Examples:
You did a good job.
Good describes job, which is a noun, so good is an adjective.
You did the job well.
Well is an adverb describing how the job was performed.
I feel well.
Well is an adjective describing I.
Good vs. Well Rules
Rule: With the four senses—look, smell, taste, feel—discern if these words are being used actively to decide whether to follow them with good or well. (Hear is always used actively.)
Examples:
You smell good today.
Good describes you, not how you sniff with your nose.You smell well for someone with a cold.
You are sniffing actively with your nose here so use the adverb.She looks good for a 75-year-old grandmother.
She is not looking actively with eyes so use the adjective.
Rule: When referring to health, always use well.
Examples:
I do not feel well today.
You do not look well.
Rule: When describing someone’s emotional state, use good.
Example: He doesn’t feel good about having cheated.
So, how should you answer the question, “How are you?” If you think someone is asking about your physical well-being, answer, “I feel well,” or “I don’t feel well.” If someone is asking about your emotional state, answer, “I feel good,” or “I don’t feel good.”
Please see our post How Are You—Good, Well, or Fine?, which provides more discussion and helpful examples.
Pop Quiz
1. She jogged very good/well for her age.
2. She had a good/well time yesterday.
3. With a high fever, it is unlikely he will feel good/well enough to play basketball tomorrow.
4. Those glasses look good/well on you.
Pop Quiz Answers
1. She jogged very well for her age.
2. She had a good time yesterday.
3. With a high fever, it is unlikely he will feel well enough to play basketball tomorrow.
4. Those glasses look good on you.
Are you ready for the quiz?
Good vs. Well Quiz
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Итоговая
контрольная работа
8
класс
1
вариант
1. Underline
the word with the same or similar meaning.
Example: to
destroy
a) to kill b)
to break c) to fight
1. tolerant
a)
patient b) kind c) ambitious
2. threat
a)
bullyingb) argument c) warning
3. awful
a)
terribleb) hard c) exciting.
2. Translate
Russian into English.
1.
Тепло и мокро.
2.
Прохладно и сыро.
3.
Снежно
и солнечно.
3. Choose
the word which best completes the sentence.
1. A
modern spaceship was … 3 days ago.
a) taken b)
flown c) launched
2. Where
is she doing her research … this serious problem?
a) of b)
on c) in
3. The
hurricane did a lot of … to the town.
a) damage b)
disasters c) problems
4. The
famous actor was shaking … laugh.
а)
with b) from c) to
4. Choose the correct
answer.
1. He … at the table
the whole evening yesterday.
a) was sitting
b) sit c) sat
2. I … my homework
the whole evening yesterday.
a) did
b) were doing c) was doing
3. He ….his work by
that time.
a) finished b)
was finishing c) had finished
4. … Australia is the
smallest continent in the world.
a) — b)
a c) the
5. … UK is one of the
world’s smallest country.
a) — b)
a c) the
6. My parents make me
… work hard at school.
a) to b)
—
5.
Complete the sentences, using Conditionals.
1.
If
I … (be) you, I … (visit) the old man.
2.
If
the girl… (lay) the table, her aunt …not (be) angry with her.
3. Ann … (behave)
well if you … (take) her to the party.
1.
Use
the given verbs and write the following in the reported speech.
2.
She
was surprised, “Somebody stole my bag in the shop”
3.
He
said, “I can` t move the piano alone.”
4.
The
student apologized: “I’m very sorry for coming so late.”
6. The word in
capitals above each of the following sentences can be used to form a word that
fits suitably in the blank space.
1.
AMBITION
I’m sure that he’ll succeed in politics. He is bright and …
2.
DEPEND
On July 4th, 1776 the American colonies declared their …from
Britain.
3.
EXPLORE Have
you read his article about space …?
Промежуточная
аттестация по английскому языку (в основные сроки)
8
класс 2014-2015 уч. год
2
вариант
1. Underline
the word with the same or similar meaning.
Example: to
destroy
b) to kill b)
to break c) to fight
1.
to
damage
a) to be out of luck b)
to hurt c) to be in trouble
2.
to
defend
a) to save
b) to protect c) to help
3.
tolerant
a) patient
b) kind c) ambitious
2. Translate
Russian into English.
1. Холодно и снежно.
2. Тепло и солнечно.
3. Дождливо и сыро.
- Choose
the word which best completes the sentence. Underline the word you have
chosen.
1.
I’m
sure that one day the scientists will … most of medical problems.
a)
take b)
solve c) explore
2.
The
famous actor was shaking … laugh.
a)
with b)
from c) to
3.
“Why
is the little girl crying?” – “She has dropped her cup and … it”.
a)
broke b)
brought c) destroyed
4.
He
was … hurt during the earthquake.
a)
quickly b)
badly c) well
- Choose
the correct answer.
1.
He
… computer games from two till three yesterday.
a) played b)
playing c) were playing
2.
When
I … into the kitchen, mother was cooking.
a) came b)
come c) was coming
3.
We
… the floor in our flat yesterday.
a) to wash b)
washed c) were washed.
4. The capital of …
USA is Washington.
a) the b) — c)
a
5. … Tokyo is the
largest city in the world.
a) the b) — c)
a
6. Why did she asked
you … come?
a) to b)
—
- Complete
the sentences, using Conditionals.
1.
If
the teenager … (collect) his thoughts, he … (win) the competition.
2.
You
… (stay) out of trouble, if you … (learn) German,
3.
If
she … (ring) me up, I … (tell) her the news.
- Use
the given verbs and write the following in the reported speech.
1.
The
mother advised her daughter: “Use less make-up, or you will look silly.”
2.
The
son said to his mother: “Yes, unfortunately I have broken your favourite vase.”
3.
The
boy invited his friend: “Hey, will you come to my birthday party?”
- The
word in capitals above each of the following sentences can be used to form
a word that fits suitably in the blank space.
1.
OWN
Now you are the …of this wonderful house.
2.
SUCCESS
Our country is proud of these … people.
3.
NATION
The 4th of July is the … Independence Day of the United States.
Промежуточная
аттестация по английскому языку (1 пересдача, май)
1
класс
2014-2015 уч. год
1. Underline the word
with the same or similar meaning.
Example: to destroy
c) to kill b)
to break c) to fight
1.
to
argue
a) to ask b)
to disagree c) to trouble
2. a disaster
a) danger b)
trouble c) to trouble
3. misty
a) stormy b)
foggy c) rainy
2. Translate
Russian into English.
1. Морозно и солнечно.
2. Облачно и влажно.
3. Ветрено и снежно.
3.
Read
the story and fill in the words in the appropriate forms.
1. The hurricane did
a lot of … to the town.
a) damage
b) disasters c) problems
2. A National park is
a place protected from industrial and urban ….
a)
emblem
b) achievement c) development
3. A modern
spaceship was … 3 days ago.
a)
taken b) flown c) launched
4. The young … has
received a small grant to continue his exploration.
a) researcher b)
exploration c) nature
4.
Choose the correct answer.
1.
He
… his work by that time.
a) finished b) was
finishing c) had finished
2.
What
… you … at 7 p.m. yesterday?
a) did …do b) were
…doing c) had .. done
3.
How
many countries … they … by that time?
a) did …visit b) were …
visiting c) had … visited
4.
The
highest mountain in the world is mount … Everest.
a) the b) —
c) a
5.
This
unusual town is situated near … Lake Onega.
a)
—
b) a c) the
6.
Mother
doesn’t want me … go to the party.
a)
—
b) to
5.
Complete the sentences, using Conditionals.
1.
If
we … not (rely) on him, we … not (be) late.
2.
Her
aunt … not (be) angry with her, if the girl … (lay) the table in time,
3.
If
I … (be) you, I … (continue) the exploration.
6.
Use the given verbs and write the following in the
reported speech.
1.
He
wanted to know: “How did you get here tonight?”
2.
She
said: “I phoned you at 5 but you were not at home.”
3. “We
may buy a car next year”, said my grandpa.
7.
The word in capitals above each of the following
sentences can be used to form a word that fits suitably in the blank space.
1.
DANGER
It was a very … journey.
2.
LOVE
It’s a … day, isn’t it?
3.
SUCCESS Our
country is proud of this … people.
Промежуточная
аттестация по английскому языку (2я пересдача — сентябрь)
8
класс
2014-2015 уч. год
1. Underline the word
with the same or similar meaning.
Example:
to destroy
d) to kill b) to
break c) to fight
1. research
a) an experiment b)
an achievement c) an exploration
2. mad
a) ambitious b)
clever c) crazy
3. to argue
a) ask b)
to disagree c) to trouble
2. Translate
Russian into English.
1.
Облачно и холодно.
2.
Тепло и влажно.
3.
Дождливо и ветрено.
- Read
the story and fill in the words.
defend,
frightened, threatening, fight
A boy, a bit
younger than Jason, came up to the bridge to cross it. “Hey! It’s my bridge,”
said Jason in a (1) _____voice. “If you want to cross it, give me your pocket
money.” He was not a bully, he just wanted to see if the boy would pay.
The boy was (2)
_____ . He looked around, but there was nobody to (3) ____ him. He was afraid
to (4) ____ with the bully, and turned his pockets inside out. The boy looked
hurt and unhappy and Jason felt uneasy about it but took the money.
- Choose
the correct answer.
1. He …troubled
yesterday.
a) looked
b) is looking c) had looked
2. They … football
from 2 p.m. till 5 p.m. yesterday.
a) played
b) were playing c) had played
3. Where … you …your
summer holidays?
a) did… spend b)
were spending c) had … spent
4. … Bahamas are a
group of islands in the Atlantic Ocean.
а) — b)
the c) a
5. Mr James lives
in country not far from … London.
a) the b) — c) a
6. Julia wanted
her parents … allow her to get a Saturday job.
a) to b) —
5. Complete the
sentences, using Conditionals.
1. If he … (feel)
bad, he … (stay) in bed.
2. If I … (be) you, I
… (visit) the old man.
3. What … (do) if you
… (win) 500 dollars?
6. Use the given
verbs and write the following in the reported speech.
1.
The
elderly lady thanked the boy: “Thank you very much for helping with my
luggage”.
2.
The
boy offered to his classmate: “I can help you.”
3.
She
asked: “Are you a good reader?”
7. The word in
capitals above each of the following sentences can be used to form a word that
fits suitably in the blank space.
1. THREAT He
has got the third … letter from the stranger.
2. PROTECT The
young woman didn’t know where to look for … .
3. USE
When the young people first came to Ireland, they weren’t … to cold weather.
ОТВЕТЫ
(Промежуточная
аттестация по английскому языку (в основные сроки). 8 класс)
1
вариант.
- 1)
a
2) a
3) a
- 1)
It is warm and wet.
2) It is cool and humid.
3) It is snowy and sunny.
- 1)
c
2) b
3) a
4) a
- 1)
a
2) c
3) c
4) a
5) c
6) b
- 1)
If I were you, I would visit the old man.
2) If the girl had laid the table, her
aunt would not have been angry with her.
3) Ann would behave well if you took her
to the party.
- 1)
She surprised that somebody had stolen her bag in the shop.
2)
He said that he couldn’t move the piano alone.
3) The
student apologized for coming so late.
- 1)
ambitious
2) independence
3) exploration
ОТВЕТЫ
(Промежуточная
аттестация по английскому языку (в основные сроки). 8 класс)
2
вариант.
- 1. b
2. b
3. a
- 1.
It’s cold and snowy
2. It’s warm and sunny
3. It’s rainy and humid
- 1.
b
2. a
3. a
4. b
- 1.
c
2. a
3. b
4. a
5. b
6. a
- 1.
If the teenager had collected his thoughts, he would have won the
competition.
2. If you had learned (learnt) German, you would have
stayed out of trouble.
3. If she rang me up, I would tell her the news.
- 1.
The mother advised her daughter to use less make-up.
2. The son said to his mother that he had broken her
favourite vase.
3. The boy invited his friend to his birthday party.
- 1.
owner
2. successful
(self—made)
3. national
ОТВЕТЫ
(Промежуточная
аттестация по английскому языку (1я пересдача). 8 класс)
- 1)
b
2) b
3) b
- 1)
It is icy and sunny.
2) It is cloudy and humid.
3) It is windy and snowy.
- 1)
a
2) c
3) c
4) a
- 1)
c
2) b
3) c
4) b
5) a
6) b
- 1)
If we had not relied on him, we would not have been late.
2) Her aunt would not have been angry with her, if the
girl had laid the table in time.
3) If I were you, I would continue the exploration.
- 1)
He wanted to know how I had got there that night.
2) She said (that) she had phoned me at 5, but I had
not been at home.
3) My grandpa said (that) we might buy a car the
following year.
- 1)
dangerous
2) lovely
3) successful (self-made).
ОТВЕТЫ
(Промежуточная
аттестация по английскому языку (2я пересдача). 8 класс)
- 1. c
2. c
3. b
- 1.
It’s cloudy and cold
2. It’s warm and humid
3. It’s rainy and windy
- 1.
threatening
2. frightened
3. defend
4. fight
- 1.
a
2. b
3. a
4. b
5. b
6. a
- 1.
If he felt bad, he would stay in bed.
2. If I were you, I would visit the old man.
3. What would you do if you won 500 dollars?
- 1.
The elderly lady thanked the boy for helping with her luggage.
2. The boy offered his help to his classmate.
3. She asked me if I was a good reader?
- 1.
threatening
2. protection
3. used
Business English
( taken from MAKET LEADER)
UNIT 1
BRANDS
- List some of your favourite brands. Then answer these questions.
- Are they International or national brands? They are International Brands
- What image and qualities does each one have? Use the following words and phrases to help you? Image and qualities of each brands is cool and durable3. Why do people buy brands? Because brands goods have high quality
4. Why do you think some people dislikes brands? Because the brands is not reliable
5. How loyal are you to the brands you have chosen? I am loyal to the brands if product of the brands is well – made, inexpensive, and durable
For example, when you buy jean, do you always buy Levi’s
- A recent survey named the brands below as the world’s top ten. Which do you think is number one? Rank the others in order.
The answer :
- Microsoft
- General Electric
- Intel
- Marlboro
- Coca – cola
- IBM
- Mc Donald’s
- Nokia
- Disney
- Mercedes
Vocabulary
Brand Management
- Match these word partnerships to their meanings.
|
B R A N D PRODUCT |
1. Loyalty |
a. the name given to a product by the company that makes it. |
|
2. Image |
b. using an existing name on another type of product |
|
|
3. stretching |
c. the ideas and beliefs people have about a brand |
|
|
4. awareness |
d. the tendency to always buy a particular brand |
|
|
5. name |
e. how familiar people are with a brand |
|
|
6. launch |
f. the set of products made by a company |
|
|
7. lifecycle |
g. the use of a well-known person to advertise products |
|
|
8. range |
h. When products are used in films or TV programs |
|
|
9. placement |
i. The introduction of a product to the market |
|
|
10. endorsement |
j. the length of time people continue to buy a product |
Answer:
1. J
2. C
3. B
4. E
5. A
6. I
7. D
8. F
9. H
10. G
- Complete these sentences with word partnerships from exercise A
BRAND
- the creation of Virgin Cola, Virgin Air, Virgin Rail and Virgin bride is an example of … brand stretching …
- Consumers who always buy Levi’s when they need a new pair of jeans are showing …Brand awareness…
- not enough people recognize our logo; we need to spent a lot more on raising …. Brand Image…
PRODUCT
- David Beckham advertising Vodafone is an example of … product endorsement..
- A …Product launch ... consists of introduction, growth , maturity and decline.
- the use of BMW cars and Nokia phones in James Bond films are examples of … Product placement…
- Make sentences of your own using the word partnerships in Exercise A.
I pay some loyalty to that company because I used their name of products for use in my own products
Reading
Outsourcing Production
- Why do some companies make luxury products abroad rather than at home? Because they trust about the quality for the products
- Read the article and answer these questions.
- Which brands are mentioned? Do you know which country each is from? Burberry (Italy), Coach (US), Prada (Italy), Gucci (Italy)
- Which companies make all of their products in their own country? Prada makes all of their products in their own country
Made in Europe
By Jo Johnson, Fred Kapner and Richard McGregor
Almost every fashion label outside the top super-luxury brands is either already manufacturing in Asia or thinking of it. Coach, the US leather goods maker, is a classis example. Over the past five years, it has lifted all its gross margins by manufacturing solely in low-cost markets. In March 2002 it closed its factory in Lares, Puerto Rico, its last company-owned plant, and outsources all its products.
Burberry has many Asian licensing arrangements. In 2000 it decided to renew Sanyo’s Japanese licence for 20 ten years. This means that almost half of Burberry’s sales at retail value will continue to be produced under licence in Asia. At the same time however, Japanese consumers prefer the group’s European-made products.
Sanyo is now creating to this demand for a snob alternative to the Burberry products made in its factories across Asia by opening a flagship store in Tokyo’s Ginza, where it sells Burberry products imported from Europe.
In interviews with the FT, many executives says the top luxury brands will continue to be seen, particularly in Asia, as European. Domenico De Sole of Gucci says “ The Asian Consumer really dos believe – whether it’s true or not – that luxury comes from Europe and must be made there to be the best.’
Serge Weinberg, Chief Executive of Pinault Printemps Redoute, which controls Gucci, says it will not move Gucci’s production of shore. Yet some in the industry recognize that change may be round the corner even for the superluxury brands. Patrizio Bertelli, Chief Executive of Prada, says:’ The “Made in Italy” label is important but what we are really offering is a style, and style is an expression of culture.’ He therefore recognizes that quality fashion items may not always need to be produced in italy.
Amitava Chattopadhyay, professor of marketing at Insead, the business school, says:’ A brand is a set of associations in the mind of the consumer and one of these is the country of origin. . For luxury goods, the role of the brand is crucial. To damage it is a cardinal sin and no brand manager will want to get the balance between manufacturing location and the brand image wrong’.
From the Financial Times
FINANCIAL TIMES
World Business Newspaper
C Which of these statements are true? Correct the false ones.
- Coach has no longer factory in Puerto Rico. [true]
- Coach, like many other companies, is outsourcing its product to reduce costs. [true]
- Some Japanese people choose to buy Burberry products made in Europe rather than in Japan. [true]
- Sanyo’s store in Tokyo sells Burberry’s product made in Asia. [false]
- According to Domenico De Solle, the best luxury products are made in Japan. [false]
- Gucci is planning to outsource some of its products. [false]
- Partizio Bertelli believes that luxury fashion products should always be made in Europe [false]
- Amitava chattopadhyay says that companies need to pay careful attention to where they manufacture their products. [true]
- Choose the best summary of the article.
- Most manufacturers of luxury brands do not wish to produce their goods in low-cost countries because their believe that it will damage their brand image.
- Most manufacturers of top brands now produce their goods in low cost countries. Consumers no longer care about where the products are manufactured.
- Asian consumers think that European luxury goods are of high quality. The current trend of making such goods in Asia could damage the reputation of these luxury brands.
*C is the best summary of the article
Language Review
Present simple and present continuous.
The Present simple and Present continuous have several uses.
- We use the present simple to give factual information, for example about company activities.
Coach outsources all its products.
Does Burberry outsource its products?
- We use the present simple to talk about routine activities or habits.
I always buy Armani suits. Do you usually buy designer brands?
- We use the present continuous to talk about ongoing situations and projects.
Sanyo is now reacting to this demand.
- We use present contiuous to talk about temporary situations.
We are testing a new brand at the moment.
A. Which of the time expressions below do we usually use with the present simple? Usually, every day, often, nowadays, once a month
B. Which of the time expressions do we usually use with the present continuous? This year, now, nowadays, currently, at the moment, these days
Which are used with both? Nowadays
Usually this year every day now
Often Nowadays once a month
Currently at the moment these days
- Complete these sentences with the present simple or the present continuous forms of the verbs in brackets.
1.a. This year we are trying (try) to develop a brand with personality.
b. We usually develop (develop) brands that say something.
2. a. Powerful brand names create (create) strong costumer loyalty.
b. At the moment we are looking (look) for a new brand name that suggests something about the product’s benefits and qualities.
3. a. L’Oreal sells (sell) cosmetics and toiletries to customers around the world.
b. This year L’Oreal is investing (invest) over 180£m in R & D.
4. a. The marketing department always keeps (keep) within its budget.
b. Because the company made a loss last year, the marketing department is trying (try) to reduce costs.
- Complete the text below with the present simple or present continuous forms of the verbs in brackets.
At the moment I am working (work) for a cosmetics company. We offer a full range of cosmetic products and sell (sell) cosmetics and toiletries around the world. Our main cosmetics brand dominate (dominate) the French market and it is doing (do) well in the rest of Europe at the moment, too. In fact, the brand becomes (become) more and more popular throughout the world and our market share grow (grow) everyday.
We usually develop (develop) and extend (extend) productsunder our existing brand name. The brand is distinctive and stands (stand) out from the competition. However, this year we are creating (create) a completely new brand of cosmetics.
Discussion
Two Promotions
A.Work in pairs. Student A reads case 1 and answers the questions. Student B read Case 2 and answer the questions.
Case 1 : Harley Davidson.
In 2003 the Harley Davidson brand was 100 years old. Although its brand image is based on the spirit of wild and rebellious youth such as Marlon Brando in the film The Wild One (1954), the typical consumer is very different. They are likely to be rich, middle-aged accountants trying to recapture their youth. The average age of Harley Davidson customers is 46 compared with 36 for the rest of the motorbike industry. At the party to celebrate the centenary, the surprise performance was actually Elton John, rather than the Rolling Stones who many people had expected. This caused many of the 150,000 riders and dealers to leave the event very unhappy. Although sales and earnings for Harley Davidson have been increasing for the past 18 years, many people see the trouble on the road ahead. The problem is Harley Davidson’s typical customers from the baby –boom generation (1946 – 1964) and, as these customers get older, Harley Davidson may find its market shrinking.
- What is the brand image of Harley Davidson? Brand image is based on the spirit of wild and rebellious youth such as Marlon Brando in the film The Wild One (1954)
- Why were many people unhappy about the music at the party? Because, At the party to celebrate the centenary, the surprise performance was actually Elton John, rather than the Rolling Stones who many people had expected.
- What problem could have Harley Davidson have in the future? The problem is Harley Davidson’s typical customers from the baby –boom generation (1946 – 1964) and, as these customers get older
- What can Harley Davidson fo to preserve it sales? Should it change its brand image? Should it look for a new market segments? Should it stretch its brand? My opinion is Harley Davidson should look for a new market segment
Case 2 : JCB
JCB is a world-famous engineering company. It was founded in 1945 by Joseph Cyril Bamford. He began his business working alone in a small garage. JCB makes construction and agricultural equipment such as tractors, earth-moving vehicles, and loading machines. Now its world headquarters in England is one of the finest engineering factories in Europe. The company produces over 130 different models on four different continents and sells a full range of equipment in over 150 countries. It is truly a global brand.
JCB’s research showed that its customers associated with the company with the following brand values :’yellow,’digger’, and ‘durable’. Adult saw the brand and being functional. Children, on the other hand, saw the brand as ‘big’, ‘muddy’ and ‘fun’. JCB made a decision to stretch its brand.
1. Where does the name JCB come from? JCB come from the name of Joseph Cyril Bamford. He is founded a world-famous engineering company(JCB)
2. What was surprising about JCB’s customer research? JCB’s research showed that its customers associated with the company with the following brand values :’yellow,’digger’, and ‘durable’
3. What sort of products do you think JCB developed as a result of its research? JCB makes construction and agricultural equipment such as tractors, earth-moving vehicles, and loading machines.
- Can you think of a similar example of brand-stretching in your country?
Useful Language
Asking for opinions Agreeing Making suggestions
How do you feel about…..? That’s true I think we should….
What do you think? I agree How about… ?
What’s your opinion? Absolutely / exactly Why don’t we … ?
What’s your view? I think so too. Perhaps we could….
Giving opinions Disagreeing
I think……./ I don’t think ……… I see / know what you mean, but….
In my opinion……. I’m afraid I can’t agree
Maybe, but…
UNIT 2
TRAVEL
A. Answer these questions individually. Then compare your answers with a partner.
- How often do you travel by air, road and sea? I often travel by the road, seldom travel by air and never travel by sea
- What do you enjoy about traveling? What don’t you enjoy? I enjoy my travelling because I will know a lot of new place, so I have new experience from my travelling, and I can relax, make my stress go out
I don’t enjoy my travelling when time to back to home
- Put the following in order of importance to you when you travel?
Comfort safety price reliability speed
- safety
- comfort
- price
- realibility
- speed
- Does the order change for different types of travel? Yes, It does
B. Choose the correct word from the box to complete the following list of things which irritate people when flying.
Seats trolleys queues luggage
Room cancellations food jet
- Not enough leg trolleys
- lost or delayed seats
- long queues at check in
- poor quality foad and drink
- no baggage room available.
- overbooking of luaggage
- flight delays and cancellations
- jet -lag
Vocabulary
British and American English
A. Match the words and phrases below which have the same meaning. For each pair decide which is British English and which is American English.
- subway a. motorway [ 6 ]
- city centre b. lift [ 8 ]
- carry-on baggage c. public toilet [ 7 ]
- one way d. schedule [ 10 ]
- return e. economy class.[ 9 ]
- freeway f. single [ 4 ]
- rest room g. parking lot [ 11 ]
- elevator h. underground [ 1 ]
- coach class i. hand luggage [ 3 ]
- timetable j. round trip [ 5 ]
- car park k. downtown.[ 2 ]
B.Work in pairs. Use words or phrases in American English from exercise A to complete the text below.
My last overseas business trip was a nightmare from start to finish. First of all there was a delay on the way to the airport as there was an accident on the motorway When I got there I found the lower level of the airport public toilet was flooded. Next my hand luggage. was closed and there were no cabs at all. After long time trying to read the schedule and waiting for forty minutes, we finally got a bus economy class and found the hotel, but the lift wasn’t working and our rooms were on the fifth floor.
Reading
Air Rage
A. Answer these questions before you read the article.
1, What was your worst experience when traveling by air? The worst experience is when we came late to the airport only just a few minute from a schedule but our ticket was cancelled
2. Why do some people get angry when they are traveling on a plane? Because the flight
often was a delay, a cancellations, and service from the flight company not satisfy
Road ragers in the sky
By Derek Brown
Airlines and their long-suffering customers are reporting a steep climb in air rage incidents. Some incidents are apparently caused by problems which are familiar to many regular travellers. One case reported from America stemmed from an interminable delay in takeoff, when passangers were cooped up in their aircraft on the tarmac or our hours, without food, drink or information. Mass unrest is less common the individual misbehaviour, as in the case of the convict who recently went crazy on a flight, attacked the crew and tried to open the door in mind flight.
The psychology of air rage is a new are o study, and there are almost as many explanations as examples. Most analysis of the phenomenon blame alcohol, but many people now think that the airlines are at fault. To cut costs, they are cramming ever more passangers into their aircraft, while reducing cabin crew, training, and quality of service, all o which increase passenger frustration. In addition, there are increasing concern in the US about another cost-cutting exercise, which could seriously harm passengers’ health: cabin ventilation.
I. Modern aircraft are equipped with sophisticated air conditioning devices – but running them at.optimum capacity burns up valuable aviation fuel. Many airlines routinely instruct their flight crews to run the systems on minimum settings. Champaignes for improved air quality claim that this can lead to irritability and disorientation.
In the US, the soaring number of passenger complaints across a wide range of issues is reflected in a number of new internet sites which criticize the airline and demand better service. One of the sites is demanding an air passengers’ Bill of Rights.
Cabin and flight crews, who are in the front line of the battle against disruptive and dangerous in-flight behaviour, have called for stiffer penalties against the offenders. Management have also called or legislation – while denying that its cost-cutting practices have contributed to the problem. But there are some signs, in the US at least, that the airlines are at last attempting to respond to customer dissatisfaction. Some major lines have announced concessions to the most frequent complaint for all, and are removing seats to make more room for their customers.
Exercise:
A.COMPLETE EACH DIALOGUE WITH THE CORRECT FROM OF GOING TO
OR WILL
1 A.I’m really sorry,I can’t take you to the station .Something has just come up
B.Oh,don’t worry,I will take (take) a taxi
2 A.We’ve chosen a name four new low-cost airline
B.Really,What will you call (you/call) it?
3 A.Have you decided how to increase the number of passengers?
B.Yes,we are going to offer (offer) a family discount at weekends.
4 A.I can’t send an e-mail to the travel agent;my computer’s just crashe
B.Write down your details and I will fax (fax) them over for you.
5 A.How’s your daughter?
B.She’s fine.She is going to learn (learn) to be a pilot for the flying doctor service next
Year!
B.USE THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS OR THE PRESENT SIMPLE TO COMPLETE
THE SENTENCES BELOW
1.His flight arrives at 9 o’clock tomorrow morning.
2.We’re staying at the Hilton Hotel for next month’s sales conference.
3.The next seminar is begins at 3 p.m
4.I am travelling by train from Paris to London next time.
5.The boat is departs at midday so you have the whole morning to get ready.
6.The delegation from China are seeing the Chairman the following Monday
C.WORK IN PAIRS.TAKE TURNS TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES BELOW.USE
GOING TO,WILL,THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS OR THE PRESENT SIMPLE.
1.I’m sorry,I can’t attend the sales meeting tomorrow, I will attend the sales meeting next week
2.The marketing department have decided on their travel plans for the next month, the passenger will get discount for buy ticket 6 month before
3The trains are delayed because of bad weather,so the passenger must be patient wait the train come
4.Don’t worry if you can’t drive me to airport, I will take a taxi
5.I’ve got the details of your flight to Turkey It is going to take along flight to there
6.Oh,no!There’s been an accident and the traffic is very crowded
Verified questions
vocabulary
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vocabulary
Rewrite the passage below, changing its style. Use whatever different words, expressions, and sentence structures you wish.
It has taken me a good number of years to come to any measure of respect for summer. I was, being Mayborn, literally an «infant of the spring» and, during the later childhood years, tended, for some reason or other, to rather worship the cold aloofness of winter.
-Lorraine Hansberry, «On Summer»
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vocabulary
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