Упражнения на key word transformation

For questions 1-6, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.

[start-answers-block type=3]

1. [first=» It wasn’t Mark that you met in the shop.» word=»HAVE» beginning=»It » answer=»could not have been#couldn’t have been» ending=» Mark that you met in the shop.»]

2. [first=» She was just going to have her breakfast when the phone rang.» word=»ABOUT» beginning=»She was just » answer=»about to have her» ending=» breakfast when the phone rang.»]

3. [first=»Steve didn’t manage to complete his work.» word=»FAILED» beginning=»Steve » answer=» failed to complete» ending=» his work.»]

4. [first=» How long has she been studying English?» word=»BEGIN» beginning=»When » answer=»did she begin» ending=» studying English?»]

5. [first=» George wrote his last novel five years ago.» word=»WAS» beginning=»It » answer=»was five years ago when#was five years ago that» ending=» George wrote his last novel.»]

6. [first=» Nobody took any notice of his bad behaviour.» word=»ATTENTION» beginning=»Nobody » answer=»paid any attention to#paid attention to» ending=» his bad behaviour.»]

ANSWER KEYS

1. COULDN’T HAVE BEEN | COULD NOT HAVE BEEN | CAN’T HAVE BEEN
NEGATIVE LOGICAL ASSUMPTION
COULDN’T/CAN’T + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE is used to say that we believe something was impossible.

Similar Conversions
I’m sure he’s not German. => He can’t be German. CAN’T + INFINITIVE (PRESENT INFINITIVE)
I’m sure he isn’t playing football now. => He can’t be playing football now. CAN’T + BE + GERUND (PRESENT CONTINUOUS INFINITIVE) 
I’m sure he didn’t do it. => He couldn’t/can’t have done it. COULDN’T/CAN»T + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE (PERFECT INFINITIVE)

2. ABOUT TO HAVE HER
IDIOM
BE + ABOUT TO + INFINITIVE => to be going to do something very soon.

Similar Conversions
I was almost falling asleep when I heard a crash. => I was about to fall asleep when I heard a crash. BE + ABOUT TO + INFINITIVE
He is about to go mad, I’m afraid. => He is on the point of going mad, I’m afraid. BE + ON THE POINT OF + GERUND 
Our company is on the point of going bankrupt. => Our company is on the verge of going bankrupt. BE + ON THE VERGE OF + GERUND

3. FAILED TO COMPLETE
ACHIEVEMENT
FAIL + TO + INFINITIVE => to not succeed in achieving something.

Similar Conversions
Susan managed to beat him at tennis yesterday. => Susan succeeded in beating him at tennis yesterday. SUCCEED + IN + GERUND
He failed to get into art college. => He didn’t manage to get into art college. MANAGE + TO + INFINITIVE 
John didn’t manage to write the essay for tomorrow. => John wasn’t able to write the essay for tomorrow. BE + ABLE TO + INFINITIVE

4. DID SHE BEGIN 
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS => PAST SIMPLE
HOW LONG (HAVE YOU) => WHEN (DID YOU)

Similar Conversions
When did you leave university? => How long ago did you leave university? WHEN + PAST SIMPLE => HOW LONG AGO + PAST SIMPLE
When did you leave university? => How long is it since you left university? WHEN + PAST SIMPLE => HOW LONG IS IT SINCE + PAST SIMPLE
When did you begin playing football? => How long have you been playing football? PAST SIMPLE => PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

5. FIVE YEARS AGO WHEN | FIVE YEARS AGO THAT
CLEFT SENTENCE
Cleft sentences are used to help us focus on a particular part of the sentence and to emphasise what we want to say.

Similar Conversions
Jim took Pam to the theatre last week. => It was Jim who took Pam to the theatre last week. EMPHASIS ON THE SUBJECT
Jim took Pam to the theatre last week. => It was last week when Jim took Pam to the theatre. EMPHASIS ON THE ADVERBIAL
Jim took Pam to the theatre last week. => It was Pam that Jim took to the theatre last week. EMPHASIS ON THE OBJECT

6. PAID ANY ATTENTION TO/PAID ATTENTION TO
IDIOM
Pay attention to => to watch, listen to, or think about someone or something carefully.

Similar Conversions
Boys, listen carefully to what I’m saying! => Boys, take notice of what I’m saying! TAKE NOTICE OF (IDIOM)
Boys, listen carefully to what I’m saying! => Boys, pay attention to what I’m saying! PAY ATTENTION TO (IDIOM)
Boys, listen carefully to what I’m saying! => Boys, concentrate on what I’m saying! CONCENTRATE ON (VERB + PREPOSITION)

[end-answers-block]

Key word transformations – вид упражнений, направленных на проверку умения употреблять структуры и фразы с определённым заданным содержанием. Проверяется это умение на уровне предложения, так что умение строить предложение с тем же смыслом затрагивает не только форму слова, но всё разнообразие структур с данным словом. Обычно в условии указывается количество слов, которые нужно употребить (не более пяти, от трёх до шести). Кроме лексических структур в key word transformations участвуют также глагольные словосочетания.
Например, возьмём слово like и его эквивалент to be keen on.
My parents like classical music.
Для трансформации можно оставить предлог или, делая задание слишком очевидным, прилагательное keen. Получим:
My parents like classical music.
on
My parents are keen on classical music.
Иногда часть предложения для трансформации может быть изменена, что подразумевает употребление антонимов, как, например:

  1. It is quite difficult to stop smoking.
    GIVE
    It’s not very_________  smoking.

It’s not very easy to give up smoking.

Попробуйте свои силы на следующем небольшом упражнении, затем проверьте себя по ключу:

  1. I’m afraid I’ve forgotten your name.
    REMEMBER
    I’m sorry, but I_________   your name is.
  2. I have never read a book by Salman Rushdie before this one.
    TIME
    This is the _______   a book by Salman Rushdie.
  3. I was very disappointed that I couldn’t see the famous waterfalls.
    ME
    It was a____   that I couldn’t see the famous waterfalls.
  4. Since my earliest memories, I have been interested in fashion.
    CAN
    For as long__   I have been interested in fashion.
  5. I finished revising for this test a few minutes ago.
    JUST
    I’ve_____   for this test.

Keys:

  1. I’m sorry but I don’t remember what your name is.
  2. This is the first time I’ve read a book by Salman Rushdie.
  3. It was a disappointment for me that I couldn’t see the famous waterfalls.
  4. For as long as I can remember I have been interested in fashion.
  5. I’ve just revised for this test.

Очевидно, что при выполнении подобных упражнений нужно прежде всего вчитаться в исходное предложение, понять его смысл. Затем вспомнить все возможные структуры с данным словом, употребив ту из них, которая ближе всего по смыслу к исходному предложению.

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It does not matter how slowly you go as long as you do not stop.

by Adam Skimins 7th March 2022

Exercises

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40 Key Word Transformation: Exercises
C1 Advanced (CAE) Use of English Part 4: Tips & Strategy

The important thing in key word transformations is that you keep the meaning the same – EXACTLY the same. So it’s important that you read through the first sentence and your second sentence to ensure you have kept the meaning the same.

  1. Look at the key word. What type of word is it? What usually follows it, e.g. an infinitive, a preposition, or could it be part of a phrasal verb?
  2. Think about the other words that need to change in the new word order, e.g. an adjective may become a noun or vice versa.
  3. Your answer may include words or expressions not used in the first sentence, but these must express exactly the same idea.
  4. Remember that contracted words count as two words, e.g. won’t = will not.

Because of the scoring system, it’s possible to get 50% in this section without getting any of the questions 100% correct. So it’s worth answering every question! Even incomplete answers can get points

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40 Key Word Transformation: Exercises

Complete the sentence so that it has a similar meaning. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and six words, including the word given.

Brian was really interested in North American history in his school days.

Brian had an interest in (INTEREST) North American history in his school days.

Darius soon recovered after the operation on his knee and was able to rejoin the team.

After the operation on his knee, Darius (MADE) and was able to rejoin the team.

made a fast recovery

You must include the word given (MADE)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

I always hated pasta when I was a child but now I cook it regularly.

I (USE) pasta when I was a child but now I cook it regularly.

didn’t use to likedid not use to like

You must include the word given (USE)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

It was a mistake not to write the telephone number down.

I should (POINT) writing down the telephone number.

have made a point of

You must include the word given (POINT)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

If Marc hadn´t taken up politics, he might have become a famous art historian.

If Marc hadn’t taken up politics, he might have (NAME) himself as an art historian.

made a name for

You must include the word given (NAME)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

This holiday is withing our price range, provided we don’t go to the expensive restaurants in the tourist centre.

We (AFFORD) as we avoid the expensive restaurants in the tourist centre.

can afford this holiday as long

You must include the word given (AFFORD)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

Yesterday I informed my boss in writing that I would be leaving the company.

I (NOTICE) to my boss yesterday.

handed in my notice

You must include the word given (NOTICE)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

Complete the sentence so that it has a similar meaning. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and six words, including the word given.

Brian was really interested in North American history in his school days.

Brian had an interest in (INTEREST) North American history in his school days.

It’s very unlikely that martin will win the 100 metres, as he’s out of training.

Martin has almost (CHANCE) the 100 metres, as he’s out of training.

no chance of winning

You must include the word given (CHANCE)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

Most of the children ignored what the teacher had told them.

Few of the children (NOTICE) what the teacher had told them.

took notice of

You must include the word given (NOTICE)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

The company is unable to guarantee an allocated car-parking space to all employees.

The company’s employees shouldn´t (COUNT) allocated a car-parking space.

count on being

You must include the word given (COUNT)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

He no longer thinks he can find a job before the end of the year.

He has given (HOPE) a job before the end of the year.

up hope of finding

You must include the word given (HOPE)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

I’m sure Jemma is going to become a famous model one day.

I think it’s only (MATTER) Jemma becomes a famous model.

a matter of time before

You must include the word given (MATTER)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

I think learning to use a typewriter is a waste of time.

I can´t (POINT) how to use a typewriter.

see the point in learningsee the point of learning

You must include the word given (POINT)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

Complete the sentence so that it has a similar meaning. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and six words, including the word given.

Brian was really interested in North American history in his school days.

Brian had an interest in (INTEREST) North American history in his school days.

The company has a good reputation in the local area.

The company (HIGHLY) of in the local area.

is highly spoken

You must include the word given (HIGHLY)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

Nadia’s friend arrived just as she was about to leave the restaurant.

Nadia was (POINT) the restaurant when her friend arrived.

on the point of leaving

You must include the word given (POINT)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

I don’t expect the company to make a profit this year, given the economic climate.

Given the economic climate, (SURPRISED) the company made a profit this year.

i would be surprised if

You must include the word given (SURPRISED)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

Barbara´s parents were certain that she would be a great tennis player.

Barbara’s parents were (DOUBT) that she would be a great tennis player.

in no doubt

You must include the word given (DOUBT)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

My grandfather had completely forgotten that he phoned me last night.

My grandfather didn’t (RECOLLECTION) phoning me last night.

have any recollection of

You must include the word given (RECOLLECTION)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

Pay claims must be submitted before the end of the month.

You have (PUT) your pay claims before the end of the month.

to put in

You must include the word given (PUT)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

Complete the sentence so that it has a similar meaning. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and six words, including the word given.

Brian was really interested in North American history in his school days.

Brian had an interest in (INTEREST) North American history in his school days.

Given that he has no experience, will Glyn be able to do this job?

Will Glyn’s (AFFECT) ability to do this job?

lack of experience affect his

You must include the word given (AFFECT)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

At no time did we think that Pedro might be planning to leave the country.

It (OCCURED) that Pedro might be planning to leave the country.

never occured to ushad never occured to us

You must include the word given (OCCURED)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

I’m sure we went the wrong way at the last junction.

We must (TAKEN) at the junction.

have taken the wrong turninghave taken the wrong turn

You must include the word given (TAKEN)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

We wanted to continue our mountain trek but the weather was too bad.

We (LIKE) on with our mountain trek but the weather was too bad.

would like to have carriedwould have liked to carry

You must include the word given (LIKE)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

No changes will be made to this project.

This project will (AHEAD) to plan.

go ahead according

You must include the word given (AHEAD)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

Simon really ought to make a decision about his future.

It’s high time Simon (MIND) about his future.

made up his mind

You must include the word given (MIND)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

Complete the sentence so that it has a similar meaning. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and six words, including the word given.

Brian was really interested in North American history in his school days.

Brian had an interest in (INTEREST) North American history in his school days.

Phoebe was surprised to be offered a place on the course.

The offer of a place on the course (CAME) Phoebe.

came as a surprise to

You must include the word given (CAME)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

I can´t deny that I was embarrassed to be given the award.

There’s (NO) embarrassment at being given the award.

no denying my

You must include the word given (NO)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

I think Anita must have gone on a diet recently because she’s quite slim now.

It looks as (HAS) dieting because she’s quite slim now.

if anita has been

You must include the word given (HAS)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

Delia said that she would no longer tolerate her colleagues being rude.

‘I am not willing (PUT) from my colleagues any longer, ‘ said Delia.

to put up with any rudeness

You must include the word given (PUT)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

It’s difficult to know what my reaction would have been in that situation.

I’m not (HOW) in that situation.

sure how i would have reacted

You must include the word given (HOW)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

Do you mind if I come over to see you later?

Do you (OBJECTION) coming over to see you later?

have any objection to me

You must include the word given (OBJECTION)You must use beetwen 3 and 6 words.

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C1 Advanced (CAE) Use of English Part 4: Tips & Strategy

C1 Advanced (CAE) Use of English: Part 4  question type here is called key word transformation.

You have to complete the second sentence, using the key word.

Strategy

  1. Read the sentence carefully and think about its exact meaning.
  2. Check your tenses – if the first sentence is in the past tense, the second should be, too!
  3. Contractions (e.g. haven’t) count as two words.
  4. Try to keep the same meaning – If the first sentence says ‘Tom said…’ then don’t write ‘He said…’ in the second sentence. (Write ‘Tom said’.)
  5. Write between two and six words, including the word given.

Tips

Find things that are the same in both sentences and delete them. That helps you to focus on what you actually need to be transforming.

Make absolutely sure that the two sentences mean the same thing. For example, if the sentence to transform has names in it, the answer will have to have them too.

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В этой статье мы разберем структуру заданий одной из самых значимых частей кембриджских экзаменов Use of English (использование английского — грамматика и лексика) и поделимся советами по их успешному выполнению.

Секреты подготовки к части Use of English экзаменов FCE, CAE, CPE

В блоге уже выходили статьи о том, как сдать Writing (письменную часть), Reading (чтение) и Listening (аудирование) на экзаменах FCE, CAE, CPE — советуем ознакомиться с этими материалами. Теперь перейдем к тому, как подготовиться к части Use of English экзаменов FCE, CAE, СPE.

Типы заданий в части Use of English

Раздел Use of English экзаменов FCE, CAE и CPE объединен с разделом Reading. На выполнение всей части Reading and Use of English вам дадут 1 час 15 минут на экзамене FCE и 1 час 30 минут на CAE и CPE. За это время вам надо выполнить порядка 7-8 заданий. Первые 4 задания относятся к части Use of English, которая проверяет ваш словарный запас и знание грамматики, а остальные — к части Reading.

Давайте посмотрим, из каких заданий состоит Use of English на кембриджских экзаменах:

Экзамен Multiple choice cloze Open cloze Word formation Key word transformations
FCE, CAE, CPE Part 1
8 предложений по 1 баллу
Part 2
8 предложений по 1 баллу
Part 3
8 предложений по 1 баллу
Part 4
4-6 предложений по 2 балла

Экзамены совпадают по структуре, баллам и количеству заданий, но отличаются по степени сложности. Разберем примеры заданий Кембриджских экзаменов с официального сайта: FCE, CAE и CPE.

Part 1: Multiple-choice cloze (выбрать правильный ответ из нескольких предложенных)

Суть задания: Вам нужно заполнить пропуски в тексте, выбрав одно из предложенных четырех слов. Всего пропущено 8 слов. В этом задании проверяется словарный запас (vocabulary) — знание фразовых глаголов, устойчивых выражений, идиом, оттенков значений и т. п.

Техника выполнения: Чтобы получить общее представление о тексте, прочитайте его, не обращая внимания на пропущенные слова. Далее внимательно читайте каждое предложение и варианты ответа. Исключите варианты, которые явно не подходят, затем из оставшихся выберите тот, который логически дополнит предложение и будет сочетаться с рядом стоящими словами. Рассмотрим пример:

They couldn’t (1)… a decision and agreed to meet again after lunch.

a) arrive
b) achieve
c) reach
d) attain

Хорошо зная устойчивые словосочетания, вы выберите вариант reach.

I like to go to the beach (2)… my wife likes to stay in and watch a TV show.

a) then
b) where
c) when
d) whereas

Однозначно не подходят варианты then (в примере указаны не последовательные действия, а параллельные) и where (нелогично, она в номере смотрит шоу, а не на пляже). Выбирая между when и whereas, следует предпочесть «в то время как», в значении противопоставления, а не просто «когда». Правильный ответ — whereas.

Пример задания multiple choice cloze на экзамене FCE

Reading and Use of English, часть 1

Пример задания multiple choice cloze на экзамене CAE

CAE: Reading and Use of English, задание 1

Пример задания multiple choice cloze на экзамене CPE

CPE: Reading and Use of English, задание 1

Part 2: Open cloze (вставить слово в предложение без вариантов ответа)

Суть задания: Нужно вновь заполнить пропуски в тексте словами, подходящими по смыслу. Пропущено 8 слов, но в этот раз вам не предлагают никаких вариантов.

Техника выполнения: Прочтите текст, не обращая внимания на пропущенные слова. Затем прочитайте внимательно каждое предложение. Обратите внимание, какие слова стоят до и после пропущенного слова. Они подскажут вам, к какой части речи относится это слово, число или время, в котором оно должно стоять. Например:

I really (1)… like this picture! It’s a masterpiece.

Очевидно, что предложение вполне самодостаточное и без вставки. Вместе с тем вы можете увидеть, что перед вами эмоциональное высказывание. Значит, правильно будет вспомнить про вспомогательный глагол do в функции усиления — I really do like this picture! It’s a masterpiece.

The concert has been cancelled (2)… to the epidemic situation in the city.

В первой части предложения — следствие, а во второй — причина. Мы не можем вставить because, так как после него употребляется предлог of, a не to. Необходимо рассмотреть другие варианты, близкие по значению к «потому что» и «из-за». Отлично подойдут owing и due. Иногда могут подходить сразу два варианта ответа, каждый из них будет правильным, но вам все равно нужно вписать один.

Пример задания open cloze на экзамене FCE

Reading and Use of English, часть 2

Пример задания open cloze на экзамене CAE

CAE: Reading and Use of English, задание 2

Пример задания open cloze на экзамене CPE

CPE: Reading and Use of English, задание 2

Part 3: Word formation (словообразование)

Суть задания: Вам нужно заполнить пропуски в тексте, образуя однокоренные слова от предложенных. Это задание проверяет насколько грамотно вы используете словарный запас.

Техника выполнения: Следует прочитать текст несколько раз — сначала бегло, а затем вдумчиво, обращая внимание на key words и слова, которые идут до и после него. Это поможет вам правильно определить часть речи производного слова. Большинство слов изменяются с помощью приставок, суффиксов и окончаний, например: courage – discourage, circle – circular, health – unhealthy, employ – unemployed. Переведите предложение, чтобы убедиться в правильности выбранной части речи.

Самые распространенные ошибки при выполнении этого задания:

  1. Путаница в отрицательных и положительных характеристиках

    Don’t be so …, I’ll finish the task in a minute. (patience)

    Если не обратить внимание на отрицание (don’t be) и использовать прилагательное patient (производное от patience), то это будет ошибкой. Правильный ответ — impatient.

    Чтобы избежать ошибки, внимательно читайте весь текст и следите за логикой предложения.

  2. Неправильная часть речи

    My boyfriend is not very … about the idea of going to New York. (enthusiasm)

    Правильный ответ — прилагательное enthusiastic. Если использовать вместо него наречие enthusiastically, это будет ошибкой. Выбор наречия вместо прилагательного и наоборот — распространенная ошибка.

  3. Ошибки в выборе единственного или множественного числа

    Tina’s husband is one of the strongest … in her business. (support)

    Правильный ответ — supporters. Единственное число — supporter — будет ошибкой. Сбить может тот факт, что мы говорим об одном человеке, но ведь в предложении есть конструкция one of (один из).

  4. Орфографические ошибки

    Чтобы избежать орфографических ошибок, необходимо регулярно практиковать правописание и не лениться проверять слова в словаре.

Пример задания word formation на экзамене FCE

Reading and Use of English, часть 3

Пример задания word formation на экзамене CAE

CAE: Reading and Use of English, задание 3

Пример задания word formation на экзамене CPE

CPE: Reading and Use of English, задание 3

Part 4: Key word transformations (перефразирование предложения с использованием ключевого слова)

Суть задания: Вам даны предложение и ключевое слово/словосочетание. Необходимо преобразовать предложение таким образом, чтобы в него вошло данное ключевое слово/словосочетание, учитывая ограничения по количеству слов, указанных в задании. Полученное предложение не должно отличаться по смыслу от исходного.

Техника выполнения: Прочитайте исходное предложение и вспомните все устойчивые выражения и фразы с указанным key word. Затем прочитайте второе предложение с пропуском. При трансформации предложения вы не должны выходить за рамки указанного количества слов в задании (с учетом key word). Конечно, нельзя изменять key word. Например, если дано wish, не стоит использовать wishes или wishing. Если дано not, нельзя вместо него использовать no. Также проверяйте, нет ли в вашем ответе лишних слов. Разберем пример:

I regret ever telling her about my private life. (wish)
I ____________________ her about my private life.

Правильный ответ — I wish I had not told her about my private life.

В приведенном примере местоимение her уже есть в предложении с пропуском. Если напишете wish I had not told her вместо wish I had not told, это будет ошибкой. За каждое верно перефразированное предложение вы получаете два балла, и один балл, если вы допустили небольшую ошибку.

Пример задания key word transformations на экзамене FCE

Reading and Use of English, часть 4

Пример задания key word transformations на экзамене CAE

CAE: Reading and Use of English, задание 4

Пример задания key word transformations на экзамене CPE

CPE: Reading and Use of English, задание 4

Хотите получить международный сертификат? Записывайтесь на курс подготовки к экзаменам.

Как успешно сдать Use of English — 7 советов

  1. При подготовке много читайте. Желательно, чтобы тексты были различной тематики. Отдавайте предпочтение газетным и научным статьям. Выбирайте серьезные издания, например, The Washington Post или The Guardian. Читая тексты, выписывайте и учите новую для вас лексику, также изучайте и повторяйте готовые подборки устойчивых выражений и идиом. Например, их можно найти в учебной серии Oxford Word Skills Intermediate и Advanced.
  2. Относитесь к грамматике как к инструменту, который на экзамене поможет вам точно выразить свои мысли. Разбирайте грамматические правила и отрабатывайте их.
  3. Выполняйте пробные тесты и тренируйтесь распределять время на каждый тип заданий. Обратите внимание, что необходимо брать тестовые задания, изданные не ранее 2015 года, потому что в этом году произошли изменения в формате кембриджских экзаменов.
  4. Не зацикливайтесь на одном задании. Если вы сомневаетесь, напишите возможные варианты ответа на полях и продолжайте выполнять тест. К пунктам, в которых вы не уверены, вернитесь позже.
  5. Проверяйте свои ответы каждый раз, как выполнили задание.
  6. Пользуйтесь подходящими ресурсами:
    • Cambridge English Exam Booster — пособие содержит 48 экзаменационных заданий. В книге рассмотрены типичные ошибки и даны рекомендации для успешной сдачи экзамена.
    • Cambridge English First 2, Cambridge English Advanced 2 и Cambridge English Proficiency 2 — каждая книга содержит 4 теста для каждого из экзаменов. Пособия ознакомят вас с содержанием и форматом экзаменов FCE, CAE и CPE.
    • Cambridge English Teacher Rory — советы по подготовке к FCE и CAE от преподавателя и носителя языка Рори.
    • Floe-Joe — тренировочные упражнения в формате экзаменов FCE, CAE, CPE.
  7. Рекомендуем найти преподавателя, который сам получил международный сертификат и у которого есть опыт подготовки студентов к экзамену. Такой учитель не только проработает с вами типовые задания, но и расскажет о методике сдачи экзамена исходя из своего опыта. Он поможет вам правильно организовать подготовку, структурировать информацию, поделится психологическими приемами. Если вы в поиске такого учителя, обратитесь в нашу школу, и менеджеры подберут преподавателя, который поможет вам сдать экзамен на высокий балл.

Желаем успехов в сдаче экзаменов!

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Procedure:

Part I. Presentation — the theory of Key Word Transformation and instructions

Step 1. Students read and analyze the lead-in sentence.

Step 2. Students examine the key word. Remember that it must not be transformed.

Step 3. Students define what kind of transformation will be suitable in the sentence.

Step 4. Students write a new construction.

Step 5. Students read the net sentence to check if it makes sense.

Step 6. Students write the answer in the exam paper. Remember that the only transformed words must be written as an answer.

Part II. Practice

Exercise 1.

1. Unless you leave now, you’ll miss the train.

IF

You’ll miss the train _____________ now.

2. Give me your address, as I might visit Barcelona.

CASE

Give me your address _____________ visit Barcelona.

3. I always watch the late-night news on TV.

NEVER

I _______________ the late-night news on TV.

4. George didn’t get much sleep last night as usual.

HARDLY

Last night George _______________ as usual.

5. His parents were travelling in the desert so they couldn’t follow the news.

KEEP

His parents were travelling in the desert so they weren’t ________ the news.

Exercise 2.

1. Adam can’t wait to go snowboarding next week.

FORWARD

Adam-s really ____________ snowboarding next week.

2. What’s your uncle’s job?

FOR

What _______________ a living?

3. I’m sure Rafael Nadal earned a lot of for that car advertisement.

BEEN

Rafael Nadal ________ a lot for that car advertisement.

4. The candidate couldn’t register for the election because he missed the deadline.

ABLE

If the candidate hadn’t missed the deadline, he _______________ register for the election.

5. I was really impressed by the images in the advert.

MADE

The images in the advert really __________ me.

Part III. Product

A teacher asks students to compose their own tasks on the topic themselves.

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