Trouble with word finding

You’re mid-sentence, scratching your head in frustration. You know the word you want to say, you just can’t get it out. Has this happened to you? If so, you’re not alone. Many adults report word-finding difficulty.

While not uncommon, this tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon can still feel frustrating, embarrassing, and confusing. Thankfully, there are strategies you can use when you have trouble finding your words.

What is word-finding difficulty? 

Word-finding difficulty, also called anomia or word-retrieval difficulty, refers to challenges saying a known word while you’re speaking or writing. 

How common is it to have trouble finding words?

Occasional anomia is a universal phenomenon. People of all ages experience word-finding difficulty. That said, it’s important to note how often it happens, since anomia is more common among people with neurological disorders. When word-finding problems become persistent or severe, it’s a good idea to check in with your doctor.

What causes frequent word-finding difficulty? 

  • Typical age-related changes to the brain

  • Neurological conditions, such as dementia, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson’s, multiple sclerosis, stroke, or long COVID

  • Mental health conditions, such as depression or anxiety

  • Not getting enough sleep

  • Alcohol or drug use 

Adults

How Speech Therapy Supports Recovery from a Brain Injury

Annalise Colton, M.S., CCC-SLP

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6 tips to help you find or recall words

1 Describe the word you’re trying to remember

Talk “around” the object, person, or place you’re trying to name. This strategy, called circumlocution, might help you retrieve the word in question. At the very least, it will help your conversational partner understand your message. An example of circumlocution would be saying, “Can you grab me the–um–thing that holds my coffee?” Your conversational partner might say, “Your mug? Sure! Here you go.” 

2 Visualize the word you’re trying to recall

Sometimes you might know the first letter of the word that’s on the tip of your tongue. In these instances, visualize that letter. In our previous example, you might visualize the letter “m.” You might also share this detail out loud: “It starts with an m…” 

3 Try to relax

Easier said than done, but try to remain calm if you forget a word. The more pressure you put on yourself to retrieve the word, the harder it will be. Take a breath and pause. If the word doesn’t come to you, no problem! Try another strategy, or keep the conversation moving. More likely than not, the word will pop into your head eventually. 

4 Write a script ahead of time

Do you have an upcoming doctor’s appointment or a meaningful conversation with a loved one? Try scripting what you want to say beforehand. Write it out and practice it. You won’t be able to script every conversation, but you can use this strategy when precision is especially important. 

5 Take care of your brain health

Research shows that getting enough sleep, exercising regularly, eating a healthy diet, and being involved in social activities can improve your brain health. This, in turn, can improve your cognitive-linguistic functioning and your ability to recall words.

Adults

6 Things You Can Do to Improve Your Brain Health

Maggie Clerkin, M.S., CCC-SLP

6 Seek professional help

Speech therapy helps people with word-finding difficulties. A speech therapist can provide you with personalized activities and tasks that will strengthen your ability to recall words. Depending on your specific needs, your speech therapist might use evidence-based treatments such as Semantic Feature Analysis (SFA), Verb Network Strengthening Treatment (VNeST), Semantic Priming to Improve Comprehension and Expression of Sentences (SPICES), generative naming tasks, and more! 

Tips to help a loved one with word-finding difficulty

Conversation is a two-way street. If your loved one is forgetting words, there are things you can do to support them.

Avoid quizzing. While your intentions might be good, asking questions while withholding the answer can be stressful, especially for people with word-finding difficulty. Instead of asking questions (for example, “Where did you go to eat? Come on…I know you know the name of that restaurant”), make statements: “I see you brought home leftovers from Tony’s Cafe. Yum!” 

Adults

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Fill in the blanks, with permission. Ask your loved one if they’d like you to intervene when they can’t recall a word. They might prefer that you check with them before you guess the word you think they’re describing. They might also ask you to give them the first letter of the word in question. 

Keep the conversation going. The ultimate goal of conversation is for two people to connect with each other. Focus on moments of connection with your loved one. Try not to let interruptions due to anomia define your interaction with them.

Word-finding difficulty can be frustrating. Next time this happens to you or a loved one, keep these strategies in mind to help improve the conversation. And if your trouble finding words is getting worse or interfering with your everyday life, don’t hesitate to contact your health care provider.

Why kids have trouble finding the right word to say

ByKelli Johnson, MA

Quick tips for helping kids find the right word

We’ve all had that frustrating, tip-of-the-tongue moment, when the word we need just won’t come to us. We know the word. We’ve used the word. And we’re sure it’s in our head somewhere. This is known as trouble with word finding, or word retrieval.

We tend to associate this challenge with adults, especially as they get older. But kids can have word finding problems, too.

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Like adults, all kids have trouble with this once in a while. But some kids struggle with this a lot. And it can be very frustrating for them.

Sometimes word retrieval difficulties can be a sign of something else. Word finding can be hard for kids with language disorders or those who struggle with reading, like kids with dyslexia. 

Problems with word retrieval can also be a sign that kids are struggling with focus. It’s also common in kids who have had a brain injury, like a concussion. 

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What to keep an eye on

Dyslexia and word retrieval

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About the author

About the author

Kelli Johnson, MA is an educational speech-language pathologist, working with students from early childhood through 12th grade.

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Have you ever had «tip of the tongue” moment? When you know the word you want to say, but you just can’t quite get it out? This phenomenon is called anomia, and although these word-finding difficulties happen to all of us at times, anomia generally occurs much more frequently after a stroke or a traumatic brain injury.

Anomia occurs when there is damage to the area of your brain that hosts your language skills. Some individuals with anomia can even have a hard time having a simple conversation because they can’t express their thoughts quick enough. 

One way to help with word-finding difficulties is by using strategies to communicate the word you mean to say. Here are five strategies that commonly help individuals with anomia.

Word-Finding Strategies

1. DESCRIBE what it looks like or what it’s used for

  • Example: “The thing that pounds nails… hammer!”

2. Use a SYNONYM for the word or something similar

  • Example: «Can you hand me the… mallet?»

3. ASSOCIATE the word with something related

  • Example: «I can’t find the… thing that goes with nails.»

4. Think of the FIRST LETTER or try to write the word

  • Example: «I need a… it starts with an H.»

5. GESTURE using your hands or body to act out the word

  • Example: «Where is the… (makes hammering motion with arm)?»

Using these strategies allows your conversational partner to help you fill in the right word. These strategies also stimulate different sections of the language center in your brain. That means, just by using one of these strategies, you can often come up with the word on your own!

How can speech therapy help with word-finding?

Not being able to find the right word you want to say can be very difficult and frustrating. You haven’t lost the words you’re trying to say. They are all still in there, just blocked. Thanks to neuroplasticity, the brain can heal itself and make new connections. In speech therapy, we will focus on re-networking the language connections in your brain and provide strategies to help alleviate frustrations associated with word-finding deficits. Through treatment, motivation, and practice, you can overcome any difficulties you may be having with your speech and language so you are comfortable and confident communicating once again!

Neuro Speech Solutions is the only speech therapy private practice in Buffalo, NY that specializes in adult neurological rehabilitation. Our specialty is in brain injury, including stroke, TBI, and concussions, as well as neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and dementia. All of our SLPs are dedicated to providing evidence-based neuro therapy that will help you target the impairments you may be experiencing in a way that fits with your daily life. If you are searching for an SLP, give us a call and see what makes our clinic different than the rest!

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Sarah Morgan, MS, CCC-SLP

Sarah is a speech-language pathologist with Neuro Speech Solutions. A native of Syracuse, she moved to Buffalo to specialize in adult neurogenic speech therapy. Sarah enjoys working with clients post-stroke and brain injury to help them communicate their thoughts and feelings and return to doing the things they love.

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DirtDawg
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28 Aug 2006, 8:52 pm

Things like this *GAME*?

Image

My 2nd grade son, Bobby, brought home a paper to finish (for a grade) that he couldn’t do in school. It was similar to these web games, but printed on a fuzzy copier, several generations from the original. The worst possible reproduction, was part of the problem, but none of us could look at the damn thing without the letters running around all over the page.

Even my NT wife had trouble looking at it because it was «a little fuzzy» to her. Her dyslexia makes things like this exercise sheet and spelling in general almost impossible, anyway so she wouldn’t have been able to do the paper, no matter what. My son was simply expected to do it at home and return it the next day for a grade. NoWay Jose!

Bobby became obsessed with finishing it, even though he stood absolutely no chance of completing it alone. He had managed to do 2 words and the teacher had done 2, but that was as far as he had gotten in school. Couldn’t do anything with it at home, but he was determined not to be defeated by it. He was beginning to show behavior that warned me he was about to have a serious meltdown, very angry, frustrated animal-like growls, erasing frantically, slamming his hand onto the page to make the letters «stop moving». I checked back on him at that point and realized he was in tears and shaking with anger. That’s when I stopped him and tried to do more hands-on help. NoWay Jose!

I have always had to chase jumbled up letter puzzles around to make sense of these things. This one threw me for a loop, mainly because of the cut-rate reproduction of the sheet, I think. I may have been a Bad Dad, but we sat down together and I helped him find every one of the words he was supposed to find. I had to take separate sheets of blank paper and cover all but one line at a time and do it the hard way. When we were done I was so sea-sick and nauseated that my day was ruined and about 5 minutes after he finished and started getting active, Bobby threw up.

Sorry this explanation has gotten so long, but the 3 page letter I wrote to the teacher was much longer. I’m a little frustrated with the whole episode and I’m curious if anyone else has the same reaction to these things.

I think it’s ridiculous for him to be graded on something that is impossible for him to do. His spelling is so advanced above the words on that exercise sheet that he passes with 100% on each spelling test. He already knows how to spell everything they can come up with and they even let him choose 4 ‘special words’ each week. He’s into dinosaurs so he usually chooses some huge scientific name, like Parasaurolophus or something for his special words. No problem.

I sometimes wonder if this mainstream class is going to hold him back. I’m still waiting for a response from his teacher to see if he can be exempt from the torture of these type of exercises.

Am I totally out of line here and just ranting because my little boy had to suffer an impasse that caused him pain or am I right about these worksheets? Should he be exempt from them somehow? Would that be the same as admitting defeat?

animallover
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28 Aug 2006, 10:53 pm

I can’t do those things because I have major visual issues and they make my head hurt — after a while all the letters get swirly . . . but that used to drive me crazy in school . . . I remember failing assignments that involved those things

28 Aug 2006, 11:00 pm

I love word serches. I’m good at them.

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28 Aug 2006, 11:57 pm

Here’s a strategy for finishing word searches:

1. Look at the first letter of the word you’re trying to find. Remember it. Let’s say it’s «A».

2. Take a pencil and lightly circle all the letters that are the same as that first letter—all the «A»s.

3. Look at the second letter of the word. Remember it.

4. Look at each of those circled A’s, and the nine letters around it. If any of those nine letters match that second letter, read in that direction to see if the word is there.

5. Eventually, you’ll find the word. Circle it in pen.

6. Repeat with the rest of the words that start with «A». Remember that two words can start from the same letter.

7. Erase the pencil circles you made around those first letters.

8. Start over with the next group of words that start with the same letter, circling the letters in pencil, the found words in pen, and erasing the circles once you’ve found all the words that begin with the circled letter.

9. Repeat 1-8 until finished.

Fraya
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29 Aug 2006, 1:14 am

Yeah I have to do them the way Callista said also and take frequent breaks because of the headaches.

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29 Aug 2006, 6:34 am

I’m crap at wordsearches yet I’m good at Sudokus. :)

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29 Aug 2006, 7:01 am

Thanks for the ideas.

I don’t really get a headache from doing them, I get nausea and vertigo. The letters appear to swim all over the page.

My son is very similar to me in so many ways, I have to be careful when I empathize with him about his dysfunctions. I can too easily project my BS into my understanding of his explanations, if I’m not careful.

Bobby also has a rough time relating a story that has happened to him, like telling me what he ate at a party for instance. He gets too involved with describing the details, so it’s very difficult to get info out of him about things. He was very vocal about his frustration this time and I’m fairly sure, after he threw up, that he’s experiencing vertigo, also.

I have done them the same way Callista suggests and I’ve done the one line at a time thing I suggested above, but I’ve also learned to use my vivid picture memory to ‘sticky’ all the «A»s for instance and then the second letter ‘sticky’s to the first as combinations and so on until I have found the words. For some reason, none of my tricks worked this time. I can’t imagine how to teach Bobby how to ‘sticky’ things in his mind to keep them from moving. It’s just a memory trick and his memory is far superior to mine, but he’s also a kid trying to struggle with everything at once.

Am I overprotecting him? Should I just let him fight through all this and get a «Zero» grade on some stuff with no help from poor old softhearted Dad?

I feel like a big wimp after writing the letter to his teacher asking to be treated differently from other kids. That goes against all I’ve felt about keeping him in the mainstream class from the start. Bobby and I were both still very upset when I wrote the letter, but I was very cordial. I don’t regret anything, but the ideas that he is different being an excuse for his troubles. I may have done the very thing I’ve preached to him NOT to do.

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Callista
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29 Aug 2006, 11:33 pm

Doing word searches isn’t a necessary skill for a kid to have; and if they make him throw up, there’s good reason to teach him the information some other way.

Maybe the teacher could assign a different piece of homework to make up for this one? If the task is to find the words to learn how to spell them, he could, instead, just write each word three times, or something like that. Boring; but he’d get the same thing out of it, especially if his good memory comes into play. Or if the words are vocabulary, maybe he could use them in sentences. There’s no reason his dyslexia (or whatever is making him so nauseated) should get in the way of his getting a decent grade when there’s such an easy way around it.

30 Aug 2006, 3:12 pm

I don’t get dizzy or anything, I just can’t see the whole puzzle at once. For instance, if the word HAMBURGER is written very conspicuously in the middle, I probably won’t see it unless I try very hard. I’ll just see the separate letters.

My method is looking for the first letter of the word but, instead of circling it, each time I find one I check if the surrounding letters fit. i look at every letter starting from one corner and going in straight lines, and eventually I’ll find every word.

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30 Aug 2006, 9:10 pm

Thanks, Callista,

I had asked the teacher for another exercise that would substitute for the word searches and she did say she would try to do someting else for him. So, I guess I got all stressed out over nothing. The only things that have done that to me in a long time have been some things to do with one of my kids.

After several emails with his teacher, I have even less respect for her «29 years experience» than I had before and I hate that. I was really hoping he’d get another good one this year. He’s had 5, not including all the assistants, and he’s only in the second grade. He’s burned two of them to a crisp, already. I’m thankful, in some ways, he has a double dip of humility or we’d all be in trouble.

You were right, about the purpose of the word search. It’s prescribed to teach the kids to spell the required list of words well enough to pass their tests and be fun at the same time, but he has no trouble spelling anything he’s ever seen before and they are Not Fun for him. It only takes him once or twice reading the word list and he’s got every word on it. His teacher remains unconvinced of his abilities, because he missed a word once by substituting a ‘d’ for a ‘b’, but that’s her job. He also draws his 6s and 9s backwards sometimes, but we’re talking about a whole different problem, now.

Thanks again, everyone, for your kind responses.

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На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать грубую лексику.


На основании Вашего запроса эти примеры могут содержать разговорную лексику.


That’s the trouble with finding rough diamonds.


I had the most trouble with finding time to complete all the applications.



Самым тяжелым для меня было найти время, чтобы расписать всю заявку.


The trouble with finding this mysterious city is largely due to exactly how knowledge of its existence came to be.



Проблема с обнаружением этого загадочного города во многом связана с тем, как именно появились легенды, связанные с этим местом.


Following the defeat in the elections, Rubenstein initially had trouble with finding a job.

Другие результаты


What are you currently having trouble with in finding the right person?


Trouble finding work with decent pay.


The rate of hiring has slowed recently, as employers say they are having trouble finding people with the right skills.



Темпы найма в последнее время несколько замедлились: работодатели жалуются, что им сложно найти сотрудников с нужной квалификацией.


If you don’t like going through the Bluetooth settings menu, or are experiencing troubles with scanning and finding the target Bluetooth device, NFC might offer an easy alternative.



Если вы не хотите долго листать настройки меню Bluetooth или у вас возникают сложности со сканированием и поиском устройства Bluetooth, к которому вы хотите подключиться, NFC может стать удобной альтернативой.


I distinguish between not being able to talk at all and having trouble with word finding, which does not make me lose speech, but can have some interesting results when I find a word that is not the right one!



Я разделяю полную неспособность говорить и трудности с подбором слов, когда я не теряю способность к речи, но результаты получаются забавные, потому что я подбираю не то слово, которое нужно!


One of the things I hear most from businesses is that they’re having trouble finding success with social media advertising, particularly Facebook, in trying to sell their product or services.



Одна из вещей, которые я больше всего слышу от бизнеса, заключается в том, что у них возникают проблемы с поиском успеха в рекламе в социальных сетях, особенно в Facebook, в попытках продать свой продукт или услуги.


I’m sure you don’t have any trouble finding women with the accent and the eyes.


In my own experience living in and traveling around Russia, I have had no trouble finding Russians with a secure sense of identity.



Как человек, живший в России и путешествовавший по ней, мне всегда без труда удавалось встречать русских с уверенным чувством идентичности.


A survey by Three Deep Marketing found that 58% of marketers felt they were having trouble finding success with automation tools due to lack of an effective strategy — and of course, it’s challenging to achieve results without a plan to guide automation efforts.



Исследование, проведенное маркетологами Му Business inside, показало, что 58% маркетологов считают, что им трудно найти успех в инструментах автоматизации из — за отсутствия эффективной стратегии-и, конечно же, сложно достичь результатов без плана руководства усилиями по автоматизации.


In addition, Sputnik had trouble finding journalists with sufficient command of the Estonian language to spread Russian propaganda; as a result, Sputnik ended up translating articles from Russian into Estonian.



Кроме того, у «Спутника» возникли проблемы с поиском журналистов с достаточным знанием эстонского языка для распространения российской пропаганды; в результате, «Спутник» прекратил переводить статьи с русского на эстонский.


Students have no trouble finding housing.


Young employees often have trouble finding housing.


I do not have trouble finding anything.


Our guests will have no trouble finding us.


Sometimes people have trouble finding jobs.


Hijras face widespread discrimination in Bangladesh and have trouble finding work.

Ничего не найдено для этого значения.

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