Trials meaning of word - Word и Excel - помощь в работе с программами

English[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈtɹaɪəl/
Rhymes: -aɪəl
Hyphenation: tri‧al

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle English trial, triall, from Anglo-Norman trial, triel, from trier (“to pick out, cull”) + -al. More at English try.

Noun[edit]

trial (plural trials)

An opportunity to test something out; a test.

They will perform the trials for the new equipment next week.
(medicine, sciences, research) A clinical trial, a research study.

A randomized, controlled trial (RCT).
Appearance at judicial court in order to be examined.
A difficult or annoying experience, (especially religion) such an experience seen as a test of faith and piety

That boy was a trial to his parents.
A tryout to pick members of a team.

soccer trials
(ceramics) A piece of ware used to test the heat of a kiln.
(UK) An internal examination set by Eton College.

Translations[edit]

chance to test something out

Armenian: փորձ (hy) (pʿorj), փորձարկում (hy) (pʿorjarkum)
Azerbaijani: sınaq (az)
Belarusian: выпрабава́нне n (vyprabavánnje), во́пыт (be) m (vópyt), про́ба f (próba), до́след m (dósljed), эксперыме́нт m (ekspjerymjént)
Bulgarian: изпита́ние (bg) n (izpitánie), о́пит (bg) m (ópit), про́ба (bg) f (próba), изпро́бване (bg) n (izpróbvane)
Catalan: prova (ca) f
Chinese:

Mandarin: 考驗／考验 (zh) (kǎoyàn), 試驗／试验 (zh) (shìyàn)
Czech: zkouška (cs) f
Danish: test (da) c
Dutch: proef (nl) c, test (nl) c
Esperanto: please add this translation if you can
Finnish: koetus (fi), koe (fi), koestus (fi), testi (fi), testaus (fi), testaaminen (fi)
French: essai (fr) m
Georgian: please add this translation if you can
German: Versuch (de) m, Prüfung (de) f, Probe (de) f
Gothic: 𐌺𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌿𐍃 m (kustus)
Greek: δοκιμή (el) f (dokimí)

Ancient: πεῖρα f (peîra)
Hebrew: ניסיון נִסָּיוֹן‎ (he) m (nisayón)
Hungarian: próba (hu), teszt (hu), kísérlet (hu)
Irish: tástáil f
Italian: prova (it) f, test (it) m, cimento (it) m, rischio (it) m
Japanese: 試験 (ja) (しけん, shiken), 試し (ja) (ためし, tameshi)
Khmer: បរីក្សា (paʼreksaa)
Korean: 시험(試驗) (ko) (siheom)
Latin: periculum (la) n, experimentum n
Malay: percubaan
Malayalam: പരീക്ഷണം (ml) (parīkṣaṇaṃ)
Mongolian: please add this translation if you can
Plautdietsch: Proow f
Polish: próba (pl) f, test (pl) m
Portuguese: ensaio (pt) m, prova (pt) f, experiência (pt) f
Russian: испыта́ние (ru) n (ispytánije), о́пыт (ru) m (ópyt), про́ба (ru) f (próba), экспериме́нт (ru) m (eksperimént)
Sanskrit: परीक्षा (sa) f (parīkṣā)
Scottish Gaelic: dearbhadh m
Spanish: ensayo (es) m, prueba (es) f, experimento (es) m
Swedish: test (sv) n
Thai: please add this translation if you can
Turkish: deney (tr)
Ukrainian: випро́бування n (vypróbuvannja), до́слід (uk) m (dóslid), експериме́нт m (eksperymént), спро́ба f (spróba)
Urdu: جان٘چ‎ f (jānc)
Vietnamese: please add this translation if you can

appearance at judicial court

Albanian: gjyq (sq) m
Arabic: مُحَاكَمَة‎ (ar) (muḥākama)
Armenian: դատ (hy) (dat), դատավարություն (hy) (datavarutʿyun)
Aromanian: giudicatã f, giudets n
Azerbaijani: məhkəmə (az), mühakimə (az)
Belarusian: суд m (sud), разгля́д m (razhljád), разбо́р m (razbór), працэ́с m (pracés)
Bulgarian: съд (bg) m (sǎd), проце́с (bg) m (procés)
Catalan: procés (ca) m, judici (ca) m
Chinese:

Mandarin: 審訊／审讯 (zh) (shěnxùn)
Czech: přelíčení n
Danish: rettergang c
Dutch: rechtzaak c, proces (nl) n
Esperanto: proceso
Finnish: oikeudenkäynti (fi)
French: procès (fr) m
Galician: xuízo m
Georgian: please add this translation if you can
German: Verhör (de) n, Prozess (de) m, Gerichtsverhandlung (de) f
Gothic: 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌰 f (staua)
Greek: δίκη (el) f (díki), εκδίκαση (el) f (ekdíkasi)
Hawaiian: hoʻokolokolo
Hebrew: מִשְׁפָּט‎ (he) m (mishpát)
Hungarian: tárgyalás (hu)
Indonesian: sidang (id), persidangan (id)
Italian: processo (it) m
Japanese: 裁判 (ja) (さいばん, sáiban), 公判 (ja) (こうはん, kōhan)
Khmer: ក្តី (kdəy), ជំនុំជំរះក្តី (cumnum cumrĕəh kdəy)
Korean: 재판(裁判) (ko) (jaepan), 공판(公判) (gongpan)
Malay: perbicaraan
Malayalam: വിചാരണ (ml) (vicāraṇa)
Maori: whakawākanga
Mongolian: please add this translation if you can
Norwegian:

Bokmål: rettergang m

Nynorsk: rettargang m
Occitan: procès (oc) m, judici (oc) m
Persian: محاکمه‎ (fa) (mohâkeme)
Plautdietsch: Vehia n
Polish: rozprawa (pl) f, proces (pl) m
Portuguese: processo (pt) m, julgamento (pt) m
Romanian: proces (ro) n, judecată (ro) f
Russian: суд (ru) m (sud), разбира́тельство (ru) n (razbirátelʹstvo), проце́сс (ru) m (procéss)
Spanish: juicio (es) m, proceso (es) m
Swedish: rättegång (sv) c
Tajik: маҳкама (mahkama)
Thai: please add this translation if you can
Turkish: duruşma (tr)
Ukrainian: суд (uk) (sud), ро́згляд (rózhljad), проце́с (uk) m (procés)
Vietnamese: please add this translation if you can

difficult experience

Armenian: փորձություն (hy) (pʿorjutʿyun)
Belarusian: выпрабава́нне n (vyprabavánnje)
Bulgarian: изпита́ние (bg) n (izpitánie), неприя́тности (bg) f (neprijátnosti), бре́ме (bg) n (bréme)
Chinese:

Mandarin: 考驗／考验 (zh) (kǎoyàn)
Czech: zkouška (cs) f
Danish: prøvelse c
Dutch: beproeving (nl) f, bezoeking (nl) f
Finnish: koettelemus (fi), haaste (fi)
French: épreuve (fr) f
German: Probe (de) f, Sorge (de) f, Kummer (de) m, Belästigung (de) f, Strapaze (de) f, Prüfung (de) f
Greek: δοκιμασία (el) f (dokimasía)
Hebrew: ניסיון נִסָּיוֹן‎ (he) m (nisayón)
Hungarian: baj (hu), nehézség (hu), kellemetlenség (hu), megpróbáltatás (hu), próbatétel (hu)
Italian: prova (it) f, tribolazione (it) f
Japanese: 試練 (ja) (しれん, shiren)
Korean: 시련(試鍊) (ko) (siryeon)
Malayalam: പരീക്ഷണം (ml) (parīkṣaṇaṃ)
Portuguese: provação (pt) f
Russian: испыта́ние (ru) n (ispytánije), неприя́тность (ru) f (neprijátnostʹ)
Spanish: tribulación (es) f
Swedish: prövning (sv) c
Turkish: tecrübe (tr)
Ukrainian: випро́бування n (vypróbuvannja)

a try-out to pick team members

Finnish: karsinnat pl

Adjective[edit]

trial (not comparable)

Pertaining to a trial or test.
Attempted on a provisional or experimental basis.

Translations[edit]

attempted on a provisional or experimental basis

Verb[edit]

trial (third-person singular simple present trials, present participle (UK) trialling or (US) trialing, simple past and past participle (UK) trialled or (US) trialed)

To carry out a series of tests on (a new product, procedure etc.) before marketing or implementing it.

The warning system was extensively trialed before being fitted to all our vehicles.
- 2020 April 22, “Network News: Bombardier resumes work at Derby Litchurch Lane”, in Rail, page 9:
  
  In the week beginning April 6, the company began trialling the new processes — these include greater spacing, split shifts, additional safety requirements and washing facilities.
To try out (a new player) in a sports team.

The team trialled a new young goalkeeper in Saturday’s match, with mixed results.

Translations[edit]

to select members of a team

Derived terms[edit]

put on trial
stand trial
trial and error
trial balloon
trial by combat
trial by fire
trial separation

Etymology 2[edit]

From Latin tri- (stem of trēs (“three”)) + -al, on the pattern of dual.

Adjective[edit]

trial (not comparable)

Characterized by having three (usually equivalent) components.
Triple.
(grammar) Pertaining to a language form referring to three of something, like people. (See Ambai language for an example.)

Coordinate terms: singular, dual, plural

No language has a trial number unless it has a dual.

Derived terms[edit]

triality

Translations[edit]

Characterized by having three (usually equivalent) components

Bulgarian: троен (bg) (troen)
Czech: trojí (cs)

Triple

Bulgarian: трикратен (bg) (trikraten)
Czech: trojí (cs)
Greek: τριπλός (el) m (triplós)
Italian: triplo (it) m

Noun[edit]

trial (plural trials)

(grammar) The trial number.

Anagrams[edit]

TRALI, Trail, irtal, litra, trail

Dutch[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from English trial.

Pronunciation[edit]

Hyphenation: tri‧al

Noun[edit]

trial m (plural trials, diminutive trialtje n)

Cross with small but sturdy and very versatile motorcycles, cars or bicycles

Italian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Unadapted borrowing from English trial.

Noun[edit]

trial m (invariable)

(sports) trials (motorcycle etc.)

Anagrams[edit]

altri, latri, tarli

Old French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

trier (“to try such as in a court of law”) +‎ -al.

Noun[edit]

trial m (oblique plural triaus or triax or trials, nominative singular triaus or triax or trials, nominative plural trial)

trial (legal procedure)

Usage notes[edit]

due to lack of attestation, the precise meaning is uncertain

Descendants[edit]

→ English: trial

References[edit]

Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (trial)
trial on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub

Источник

суд, испытание, пробный, испытательный

существительное ↓

- испытание, проба

- спец. испытание (в теории вероятностей); опыт (в серии повторных опытов)

independent trials — независимые испытания
to get 6 successes in 9 trials — получить шесть положительных результатов из девяти повторных опытов

- переживание, испытание; злоключение

the hour of trial — час испытаний
the trials and troubles of life — жизненные испытания и треволнения
people strengthened by trial — люди, закалённые испытаниями
life is full of trials — жизнь полна неприятностей
it was a sore trial for him — это было для него тяжёлым испытанием
he has had many trials — ему пришлось немало перенести, на его долю выпало немало испытаний

- причина недовольства или раздражения

I fear you will find the piano next door a great trial — я боюсь, что рояль в соседней комнате будет вам очень мешать
that child is a great trial to his parents — этот ребёнок — сущее наказание для родителей

- (судебное) следствие; судебное разбирательство; суд; слушание дела

- дело, слушаемое в суде; процесс

famous trials — знаменитые процессы
civil [criminal] trial — гражданское [уголовное] дело
the trial went unnoticed — судебный процесс прошёл незамеченным /не вызвал никакого интереса/

- часто спорт. попытка

additional trial — дополнительная попытка
qualification /acceptance/ trial — зачётная попытка
preliminary /development/ trial — предварительная попытка
he succeeded on his fourth trial — его четвёртая попытка была успешной
to make a trial for landing — сделать попытку приземлиться

- спорт. предварительные или отборочные соревнования (особенно на беговой дорожке, треке и т. п.)
- геол. разведка

прилагательное ↓

- пробный

trial subscription to a magazine — пробная подписка на журнал
trial flight — испытательный полет
trial load — тех. пробная нагрузка
trial balance — бухг. пробный баланс
trial jump [run, throw] — спорт. пробный прыжок [забег, -ое метание]

- испытательный; проверочный

trial run — испытательный пробег
trial period — испытательный срок
trial speed — скорость при испытаниях
trial boring — разведочное бурение

- контрольный

trial burst — воен. пристрелочная /контрольная/ очередь
trial shot — воен. пристрелочный /контрольный/ выстрел

- проверяемый; проходящий испытания

trial employee — служащий, проходящий испытательный срок

- участвующий в рассмотрении дела в суде

trial lawyer — защитник в суде
trial judge — судья, участвующий в рассмотрении дела

- слушаемый в суде

trial testimony — заслушиваемые в суде свидетельские показания

- тройственный

trial number — тройственное число

Мои примеры

Словосочетания

a sample for ten days free trial — образец продукции с десятидневным бесплатным пробным периодом
the right to trial by jury — право на рассмотрение дела судом присяжных
a randomized trial of a new drug — рандомизированное исследование нового лекарственного препарата
a biased account of the trial — предвзятый отчёт о судебном процессе
a blind clinical trial — клиническое испытание, основанное на слепом методе
on committal for trial — по предании суду
trial day — день слушания дела
ability to stand trial — (право)способность предстать перед судом
pre-trial detainee — лицо, содержащееся до суда под стражей
to determine the date of the trial — назначать дату суда
to adjourn the trial — отсрочить, отложить судебный процесс
to put on trial — подвергать серьёзному испытанию

Примеры с переводом

He was on trial for murder.

Его судили за убийство.

I took the car out for a trial on the roads.

Я взял автомобиль, чтобы испытать его на дороге.

That child is a real trial to me.

Этот ребёнок — сущее наказание для меня.

Her trial will be public.

Судебное разбирательство по её делу будет открытым.

It was a process of trial and error.

Это был путь проб и ошибок.

The trial continues today.

Сегодня слушания по этому делу возобновятся.

The trial ended in acquittal.

Суд вынес оправдательный приговор.

ещё 23 примера свернуть

Примеры, ожидающие перевода

She is awaiting trial on charges of assault.

Thirty police officers were brought to trial.

The trial was held under a blanket of secrecy.

Для того чтобы добавить вариант перевода, кликните по иконке ☰, напротив примера.

Возможные однокоренные слова

mistrial — судебное разбирательство, в ходе которого допущены нарушения закона, неправильное
retrial — повторное слушание дела, пересмотр судебного дела, повторный эксперимент

Формы слова

verb
I/you/we/they: trial
he/she/it: trials
ing ф. (present participle): trialling
2-я ф. (past tense): trialled
3-я ф. (past participle): trialled

noun
ед. ч.(singular): trial
мн. ч.(plural): trials

Источник

Top Definitions
Synonyms
Quiz
Related Content
More About Trial
Examples
British
Idioms And Phrases

This shows grade level based on the word’s complexity.

[ trahy—uhl, trahyl ]

/ ˈtraɪ əl, traɪl /

This shows grade level based on the word’s complexity.

noun

Law.

the examination before a judicial tribunal of the facts put in issue in a cause, often including issues of law as well as those of fact.
the determination of a person’s guilt or innocence by due process of law.

the act of trying, testing, or putting to the proof.

test; proof.

an attempt or effort to do something.

a tentative or experimental action in order to ascertain results; experiment.

the state or position of a person or thing being tried or tested; probation.

subjection to suffering or grievous experiences; a distressed or painful state: comfort in the hour of trial.

an affliction or trouble.

a trying, distressing, or annoying thing or person.

Ceramics. a piece of ceramic material used to try the heat of a kiln and the progress of the firing of its contents.

adjective

of, relating to, or employed in a trial.

done or made by way of trial, proof, or experiment.

used in testing, experimenting, etc.

acting or serving as a sample, experimental specimen, etc.: a trial offer.

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Idioms about trial

on trial,

undergoing examination before a judicial tribunal.
undergoing a probationary or trial period.

Origin of trial

First recorded in 1520–30; try + -al²

synonym study for trial

2, 3, 5. Trial , experiment , test imply an attempt to find out something or to find out about something. Trial is the general word for a trying of anything: articles sent for ten days’ free trial. Experiment is a trial conducted to prove or illustrate the truth or validity of something, or an attempt to discover something new: an experiment in organic chemistry. Test is a more specific word, referring to a trial under approved and fixed conditions, or a final and decisive trial as a conclusion of past experiments: a test of a new type of airplane. 7. See affliction.

OTHER WORDS FROM trial

in·ter·tri·al, adjectivenon·tri·al, nounpost·tri·al, adjectivere·tri·al, noun

self-trial, noun

WORDS THAT MAY BE CONFUSED WITH trial

trail, trial

Words nearby trial

triacid, triacontanol, triad, triadelphous, triage, trial, trial and error, trial balance, trial balloon, trial by battle, trial by fire

Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2023

MORE ABOUT TRIAL

What does trial mean?

In general, a trial is a test or an experiment.

Most commonly, the word refers to a criminal trial in a courtroom before a judge and jury. It is also often used in a scientific context to refer to things like clinical trials and drug trials. It can also refer to a hardship. It is commonly used in phrases like trial and error and trial by fire. It is most commonly used as a noun but it can also be used as an adjective and a verb.

Example: There are 500 people participating in our research trial for a new heart medication.

Where does trial come from?

The first records of trial come from the 1500s. It comes from the Anglo-French trier, meaning “to try” (the word try comes from the same term).

In a general sense, a trial of something is a test of it. This sense is seen in the common phrase trial and error, which refers to a process of continually trying or testing something, making mistakes, and trying and testing it again until you get it right. If you decide to test something out for a limited amount of time, you do so with a trial run or during a trial period.

Trial can be used to describe an ordeal or situation that subjects someone to trying times, testing their strength or endurance, as in the expression trials and tribulations. A trial by fire is a test of one’s abilities under pressure.

A trial by jury is also a kind of test, and if you’re the one on trial, you’ll need a trial lawyer. In a scientific context, a clinical trial is an investigation of a new medical treatment to see if it will work in humans. Pharmaceutical trials and drug trials test whether new medicines are safe and effective. Such medicines are said to be in the process of being trialled.

Athletes in certain sports must compete against other athletes in trials in order to qualify for a competition. This sense is seen in phrases like Olympic trial and time trial.

Trial has many other specific meanings but they all deal with testing something, trying something out temporarily, or performing an experiment.

Did you know … ?

How is trial used in real life?

The main uses of trial—legal trials, scientific trials, and personal trials—are usually seen in a serious context.

to whoever stole my umbrella during #jpm18: may your next clinical trial fail to be statistically significant

— Stephanie M. Lee (@stephaniemlee) January 9, 2018

On June 19th, 1999 I got hit by a van while taking a walk. As I lay unconscious in the hospital, the docs debated amputating my right leg and decided it could stay, on a trial basis. I got better. Every day of the 20 years since has been a gift.

— Stephen King (@StephenKing) June 19, 2019

Lady in public lane: you’re very good at swimming you know..

Me: erm, thanks

Lady: no seriously, you should try and do a trial with the county club!

Me: erm, well I actually went to a couple of Olympics..

Lady: me too! Which sports did you get manage to get tickets for?

🤔

— Lizzie Simmonds (@LizzieSimmonds1) March 10, 2018

Try using trial!

True or False?

Trial can only be used as a noun.

Words related to trial

exploratory, preliminary, effort, examination, experiment, investigation, probation, struggle, testing, action, arraignment, case, contest, hearing, impeachment, indictment, lawsuit, litigation, prosecution, suit

How to use trial in a sentence

There are about 36,000 digital marketing agencies worldwide, based on our research on platforms like UpCity, Clutch, and our trials and users.
Multiple companies are reporting positive results from their phase 1 trials.
Prior to the trial, the Financial Conduct Authority said policies held by around 370,000 customers could be affected.
AstraZeneca’s clinical trial hold stemmed from adverse events and may well proceed into further clinical development.

We never did a trial that half the people were randomized to get them and half were not.
Meanwhile, almost exactly 30 years after the trial, the judge left his home to board a steamboat and was never heard from again.
Seventy-two adults between the ages of 18 and 50 are participating in the trial, led by the pediatrics department at Oxford.
The next phase of the trial consists of vaccinating Ebola workers on the front lines.
He lambasts the case as without evidence, an unfair trial, and damaging for the American reputation.
While in pre-trial detention, Krivov undertook two hunger strikes.
The challenge was accepted and the hay-wagon driven round and the trial commenced.
No doubt it will be a trial for Miss Rowan, but I think she would feel better to have her father buried here.
He consented to the trial, receiving Planner’s solemn promise that, in the event of failure, it should be the last.
British parliament passed an act for transporting Americans to England for trial.
Receiving small encouragement in England, he applied to sugar-cane planters to give his engines a trial in the West Indies.

British Dictionary definitions for trial (1 of 2)

noun

the act or an instance of trying or proving; test or experiment
(as modifier)a trial run

law

the judicial examination of the issues in a civil or criminal cause by a competent tribunal and the determination of these issues in accordance with the law of the land
the determination of an accused person’s guilt or innocence after hearing evidence for the prosecution and for the accused and the judicial examination of the issues involved
(as modifier)trial proceedings

an effort or attempt to do somethingwe had three trials at the climb

trouble or grief

an annoying or frustrating person or thing

(often plural) a competition for individualssheepdog trials

a motorcycling competition in which the skills of the riders are tested over rough ground

ceramics a piece of sample material used for testing the heat of a kiln and its effects

on trial

undergoing trial, esp before a court of law
being tested, as before a commitment to purchase

verb trials, trialling or trialled

(tr) to test or make experimental use of (something)the idea has been trialled in several schools

Derived forms of trial

trialling, noun

Word Origin for trial

C16: from Anglo-French, from trier to try

British Dictionary definitions for trial (2 of 2)

noun grammar

a grammatical number occurring in some languages for words in contexts where exactly three of their referents are described or referred to

(modifier) relating to or inflected for this number

Word Origin for trial

C19: from tri- + -al 1

Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition
© William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

Other Idioms and Phrases with trial

In addition to the idioms beginning with trial

trial and error
trial balloon
trial by fire
trials and tribulations

The American Heritage® Idioms Dictionary
Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.

Источник

Also found in: Thesaurus, Medical, Legal, Acronyms, Idioms, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia.

tri·al

(trī′əl, trīl)

1. Law

a. A proceeding in which opposing parties in a dispute present evidence and make arguments on the application of the law before a judge or jury: The case is expected to go to trial.

b. An instance of such a proceeding: the trial of Socrates.

a. The act or process of testing, trying, or putting to the proof: a trial of one’s faith.

b. An instance of such testing, especially as part of a series of tests or experiments: a clinical trial of a drug.

3. An effort or attempt: succeeded on the third trial.

4. A state of pain or anguish that tests patience, endurance, or belief: «the fiery trial through which we pass» (Abraham Lincoln).

5. A trying, troublesome, or annoying person or thing: The child was a trial to his parents.

6. A preliminary competition or test to determine qualifications, as in a sport.

adj.

1. Of, relating to, or used in a trial.

2. Attempted or advanced on a provisional or experimental basis: a married couple on a trial separation.

3. Made or done in the course of a trial or test.

Idioms:

on trial

In the process of being tried, as in a court of law.

trial by fire

A test of one’s abilities, especially the ability to perform well under pressure.

[Middle English triall, a testing, from Anglo-Norman trial, from trier, to pick out, try, from Old French trier, to pick out, separate out; see try.]

Synonyms: trial, affliction, crucible, ordeal, tribulation
These nouns denote distress or suffering that severely tests resiliency and character: no consolation in their hour of trial; the affliction of a bereaved family; the crucible of revolution; the ordeal of being an innocent murder suspect; a time of relentless tribulation. See Also Synonyms at burden.

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

trial

(ˈtraɪəl; traɪl)

a. the act or an instance of trying or proving; test or experiment

b. (as modifier): a trial run.

2. (Law) law

a. the judicial examination of the issues in a civil or criminal cause by a competent tribunal and the determination of these issues in accordance with the law of the land

b. the determination of an accused person’s guilt or innocence after hearing evidence for the prosecution and for the accused and the judicial examination of the issues involved

c. (as modifier): trial proceedings.

3. an effort or attempt to do something: we had three trials at the climb.

4. trouble or grief

5. an annoying or frustrating person or thing

6. (often plural) a competition for individuals: sheepdog trials.

7. (Individual Sports, other than specified) a motorcycling competition in which the skills of the riders are tested over rough ground

8. (Ceramics) ceramics a piece of sample material used for testing the heat of a kiln and its effects

9. (Law) undergoing trial, esp before a court of law

10. being tested, as before a commitment to purchase

vb, trials, trialling or trialled

(tr) to test or make experimental use of (something): the idea has been trialled in several schools.

[C16: from Anglo-French, from trier to try]

ˈtrialling n

trial

(ˈtraɪəl)

1. (Linguistics) a grammatical number occurring in some languages for words in contexts where exactly three of their referents are described or referred to

2. (Linguistics) (modifier) relating to or inflected for this number

[C19: from tri- + -al¹]

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

tri•al

(ˈtraɪ əl, traɪl)

a. the examination of a cause before a court of law, often involving issues both of law and of fact.

b. the use of due process to determine a person’s guilt or innocence.

2. the act of trying, testing, or putting to the proof.

3. an attempt or effort to do something.

4. a tentative or experimental action in order to ascertain results; experiment.

5. the state or position of a person or thing being tried or tested.

6. subjection to suffering or grief; distress.

7. an affliction or trouble.

8. a troublesome, wearying, or annoying thing or person.

adj.

9. of, pertaining to, or employed in a trial.

10. done or made by way of trial, proof, or experiment.

11. used in or for testing, experimenting, sampling, etc.

tri•al

(ˈtraɪ əl)
adj.

1. of or belonging to a grammatical category of number, as in some Papuan and Austronesian languages, used to indicate that a word denotes three persons or things.

2. trial number.

3. a word or other form in the trial.

trial

An attempt to jump or throw; also qualifying rounds for inclusion in, for example, an Olympic team.

ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:

Noun	1.	trial — the act of testing something; «in the experimental trials the amount of carbon was measured separately»; «he called each flip of the coin a new trial» run, test attempt, effort, try, endeavor, endeavour — earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something; «made an effort to cover all the reading material»; «wished him luck in his endeavor»; «she gave it a good try» assay — a quantitative or qualitative test of a substance (especially an ore or a drug) to determine its components; frequently used to test for the presence or concentration of infectious agents or antibodies etc. clinical test, clinical trial — a rigorously controlled test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on human subjects; in the United States it is conducted under the direction of the FDA before being made available for general clinical use double blind — a test procedure in which the identity of those receiving the intervention is concealed from both the administrators and the subjects until after the test is completed; designed to reduce or eliminate bias in the results preclinical phase, preclinical test, preclinical trial — a laboratory test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on animal subjects; conducted to gather evidence justifying a clinical trial audition, tryout — a test of the suitability of a performer field trial — a test of young hunting dogs to determine their skill in pointing and retrieving trying on, try-on, fitting — putting clothes on to see whether they fit Ministry of Transportation test, MOT test, MOT — a compulsory annual test of older motor vehicles for safety and exhaust fumes pilot program, pilot project — activity planned as a test or trial; «they funded a pilot project in six states» Snellen test — a test of visual acuity using a Snellen chart
	2.	trial — trying something to find out about it; «a sample for ten days free trial»; «a trial of progesterone failed to relieve the pain» test, trial run, tryout experimentation, experiment — the testing of an idea; «it was an experiment in living»; «not all experimentation is done in laboratories» field test, field trial — a test of the performance of some new product under the conditions in which it will be used alpha test — (computer science) a first test of an experimental product (such as computer software) carried out by the developer beta test — (computer science) a second test of an experimental product (such as computer software) carried out by an outside organization road test — a test to insure that a vehicle is roadworthy trial balloon — a test of public opinion
	3.	trial — the act of undergoing testing; «he survived the great test of battle»; «candidates must compete in a trial of skill» test attempt, effort, try, endeavor, endeavour — earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something; «made an effort to cover all the reading material»; «wished him luck in his endeavor»; «she gave it a good try»
	4.	trial — (law) the determination of a person’s innocence or guilt by due process of law; «he had a fair trial and the jury found him guilty»; «most of these complaints are settled before they go to trial» legal proceeding, proceeding, proceedings — (law) the institution of a sequence of steps by which legal judgments are invoked court-martial — a trial that is conducted by a military court trial by ordeal, ordeal — a primitive method of determining a person’s guilt or innocence by subjecting the accused person to dangerous or painful tests believed to be under divine control; escape was usually taken as a sign of innocence Scopes trial — a highly publicized trial in 1925 when John Thomas Scopes violated a Tennessee state law by teaching evolution in high school; Scopes was prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan and defended by Clarence Darrow; Scopes was convicted but the verdict was later reversed show trial — a trial held for show; the guilt of the accused person has been decided in advance plea — an answer indicating why a suit should be dismissed criminal prosecution, prosecution — the institution and conduct of legal proceedings against a defendant for criminal behavior demurrer, denial, defence, defense — a defendant’s answer or plea denying the truth of the charges against him; «he gave evidence for the defense» mistrial — a trial that is invalid or inconclusive retrial — a new trial in which issues already litigated and to which the court has already rendered a verdict or decision are reexamined by the same court; occurs when the initial trial is found to have been improper or unfair due to procedural errors law, jurisprudence — the collection of rules imposed by authority; «civilization presupposes respect for the law»; «the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order»
	5.	trial — (sports) a preliminary competition to determine qualifications; «the trials for the semifinals began yesterday» athletics, sport — an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition contest, competition — an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants
	6.	trial — an annoying or frustrating or catastrophic event; «his mother-in-law’s visits were a great trial for him»; «life is full of tribulations»; «a visitation of the plague» tribulation, visitation affliction — a cause of great suffering and distress fire — a severe trial; «he went through fire and damnation»

trial

noun

1. (Law) hearing, case, court case, inquiry, contest, tribunal, lawsuit, appeal, litigation, industrial tribunal, court martial, legal proceedings, judicial proceedings, judicial examination New evidence showed that he lied at the trial

2. test, testing, experiment, evaluation, check, examination, audition, assay, dry run (informal), assessment, proof, probation, appraisal, try-out, test-run, pilot study, dummy run They have been treated with drugs in clinical trials.

3. hardship, suffering, trouble, pain, load, burden, distress, grief, misery, ordeal, hard times, woe, unhappiness, adversity, affliction, tribulation, wretchedness, vexation, cross to bear the trials of adolescence

4. nuisance, drag (informal), bother, plague (informal), pest, irritation, hassle (informal), bane, pain in the neck (informal), pain in the arse (taboo informal), vexation, thorn in your flesh or side The whole affair has been a terrible trial for us all.

Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002

trial

noun

1. The examination and deciding upon evidence, charges, and claims in court:

2. A procedure that ascertains effectiveness, value, proper function, or other quality:

3. An operation employed to resolve an uncertainty:

4. A trying to do or make something:

5. A state of pain or anguish that tests one’s resiliency and character:

6. Something hard to bear physically or emotionally:

7. One that makes another totally miserable by causing sharp pain and irritation:

adjective

Constituting a tentative model for future experiment or development:

Translations

изпитаниеизпробванеопитпроба

zkouškapřelíčeníprocessoudní processtarost

retssagprøveprøvekørselprøvelse

oikeudenkäyntikoettelemus

suđenje

baikellemetlenségnehézségpróbatárgyalás

raun, mæîaréttarhaldreynsla, prófun

裁判

재판

bandomasteisiamas

izmēģinājumsnastanedienaspārbaudetiesa

poskusna dobapreskussodna razprava

försök

การไต่สวน

phiên tòa

trial

[ˈtraɪəl]

(= test) [machine, vehicle, new product, system] → essai m; [new drug] → test m
to have sth on trial [+ machine, product, vehicle] → avoir qch à l’essai
by trial and error → par tâtonnements

[employee] → essai m
to be on trial (for job) → être à l’essai

modif

(LAW) [jury, date, hearing, verdict] → du procès

[offer, scheme, subscription] → d’essai

[machine, vehicle, service] → essai m

trial

trial balance

n → Saldenbilanz f, → Probebilanz f

trial judge

n → Richter(in) m(f) → der ersten Instanz, Hauptverhandlungsrichter(in) m(f)

trial lawyer

n (US Jur) → Prozessanwalt m, → Prozessanwältin f

trial offer

n → Einführungsangebot nt

trial order

n → Probeauftrag m

trial period

n (for people) → Probezeit f; (for goods) Zeit, die man etw zur Probe oder Prüfung hat

trial program

n (Comput) → Evaluationsprogramm nt

Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007

trial

(ˈtraiəl) noun

1. an act of testing or trying; a test. Give the new car a trial; The disaster was a trial of his courage.

2. a legal process by which a person is judged in a court of law. Their trial will be held next week.

3. a (source of) trouble or anxiety. My son is a great trial (to me).

trial run

a rehearsal, first test etc of anything, eg a play, car, piece of machinery etc.

on trial

1. the subject of a legal action in court. She’s on trial for murder.

2. undergoing tests or examination. We’ve had a new television installed, but it’s only on trial.

trial and error

the trying of various methods, alternatives etc until the right one happens to appear or be found. They didn’t know how to put in a central-heating system, but they managed it by trial and error.

trial

→ مُحَاكَمَة soudní proces retssag Gerichtsverfahren δίκη juicio oikeudenkäynti procès suđenje processo 裁判 재판 rechtzaak rettssak proces julgamento испытание försök การไต่สวน duruşma phiên tòa 审理

tri·al

n. prueba, ensayo;

___ treatment → tratamiento de ___;

clinical ___ -s → estudios clínicos.

trial

n ensayo, prueba; clinical — ensayo clínico; — and error ensayo y error, prueba y error

Источник

trial ˈtraɪəl

испытание, проба
trial of strength ― проба (испытание) силы

to enter into a trial of strength with smb. ― мериться силой
с кем-л.

gun (firing) trials ― воен. огневые испытания (оружия)

controlled trial ― направленное испытание

sea trials ― мореходные испытания

trial tank ― опытный бассейн

to proceed by trial and error ― действовать методом проб
и ошибок

to give smth. a trial ― испытывать (опробовать) что-л.

to give smb. a trial ― взять кого-л. на испытание (на
испытательный срок)

on trial ― проходящий испытательный срок (о человеке); взятый
на пробу (о предмете)

found on trial to be incompetent ― не выдержавший испытательного
срока

bourgeois values themselves are placed on trial ― проверке
подвергаются сами буржуазные ценности

to buy smth. on trial ― купить что-л. на пробу

to take smth. on trial ― взять что-л. на пробу
спец. испытание (в теории вероятностей); опыт (в серии
повторных опытов)

independent trials ― независимые испытания

to get 6 successes in 9 trials ― получить шесть положительных
результатов из девяти повторных опытов
переживание, испытание; злоключение
the hour of trial ― час испытаний

the trials and troubles of life ― жизненные испытания и
треволнения

people strengthened by trial ― люди, закаленные испытаниями

life is full of trials ― жизнь полна неприятностей

it was a sore trial for him ― это было для него тяжелым
испытанием

he has had many trials ― ему пришлось немало перенести, на
его долю выпало немало испытаний
причина недовольства или раздражения
I fear you will find the piano next door a great trial ― я
боюсь, что рояль в соседней комнате будет вам очень мешать

that child is a great trial to his parents ― этот ребенок —
сущее наказание для родителей; этот ребенок доставляет
родителям массу хлопот
юр. (судебное) следствие; судебное разбирательство; суд;
слушание дела

state trial ― суд над государственным преступником

fair trial ― справедливый суд

trial for theft ― суд по делу о воровстве

trial by jury ― слушание дела в суде присяжных

trial by court martial ― военный суд, трибунал

trial at nisi prius ― рассмотрение судом гражданских дел с
участием присяжных заседателей

reopening of the trial ― возобновление дела по вновь открывшимся
обстоятельствам

to move for a new trial ― подавать апелляцию, обжаловать
приговор

to stand (one’s) trial, to come up for one’s trial ― находиться
под судом; предстать перед судом

to put smb. to (on) trial, to bring up smb. for (to) trial
― привлекать кого-л. к суду

to bring to trial ― передавать (дело) в суд

to be brought up to one’s trial ― находиться под судом
юр. дело, слушаемое в суде; процесс
famous trials ― знаменитые процессы

civil trial ― гражданское дело

the trial went unnoticed ― судебный процесс прошел незамеченным
(не вызвал никакого интереса)
часто спорт. попытка
additional trial ― дополнительная попытка

qualification (acceptance) trial ― зачетная попытка

preliminary (development) trial ― предварительная попытка

he succeeded on his fourth trial ― его четвертая попытка
была успешной

to make a trial for landing ― сделать попытку приземлиться
спорт. предварительные или отборочные соревнования
(особенно на беговой дорожке, треке и т. п.)
геол. разведка
пробный
trial subscription to a magazine ― пробная подписка на журнал

trial flight ― ав. пробный полет

trial load ― тех. пробная нагрузка

trial balance ― бухг. пробный баланс

trial jump ― спорт. пробный прыжок
испытательный; проверочный
trial run ― испытательный пробег

trial period ― испытательный срок

trial speed ― скорость при испытаниях

trial boring ― разведочное бурение
контрольный
trial burst ― воен. пристрелочная (контрольная) очередь

trial shot ― воен. пристрелочный (контрольный) выстрел
проверяемый; проходящий испытания
trial employee ― служащий, проходящий испытательный срок
участвующий в рассмотрении дела в суде
trial lawyer ― защитник в суде

trial judge ― судья, участвующий в рассмотрении дела
слушаемый в суде
trial testimony ― заслушиваемые в суде свидетельские показания
грам. тройственный
trial number ― тройственное число

Источник

English[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Noun[edit]

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Translations[edit]

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Etymology 2[edit]

Adjective[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

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Noun[edit]

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Dutch[edit]

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Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Italian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

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Old French[edit]

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Noun[edit]

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прилагательное ↓

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Возможные однокоренные слова

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synonym study for trial

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British Dictionary definitions for trial (1 of 2)

Derived forms of trial

Word Origin for trial

British Dictionary definitions for trial (2 of 2)

Word Origin for trial

Other Idioms and Phrases with trial

tri·al

trial

trial

tri•al

tri•al

trial

trial

trial

trial

trial

trial

trial

trial

tri·al

trial