To cuckoo word formation

кукушка, кукование, разиня, куковать, чокнутый, спятивший

существительное

- зоол. кукушка
- кукование
- глупец, разиня

глагол

- куковать
- беспрестанно повторять

прилагательное ↓

Словосочетания

a cuckoo woman who wandered around town carefully gathering up useless trash — чокнутая женщина, которая бродила по городу, заботливо подбирая бесполезный хлам  
cuckoo clock — часы с кукушкой  
cloud cuckoo land — несбыточные мечтания; сказочная страна; мир грез  
cloud-cuckoo-land — несбыточные мечтания; мир грёз  
cloud cuckoo town — несбыточные мечтания; сказочная страна; мир грез  
call of the cuckoo — крик кукушки  
cuckoo gave note six times — кукушка прокуковала шесть раз  
cuckoo pint — пятнистый аронник  
cuckoo’s nest — наружные женские половые органы; женский лобок  
drongo cuckoo — индийская кукушка; дронго  
little long-billed cuckoo — длинноклювая кукушка  

Примеры с переводом

Примеры, ожидающие перевода

Формы слова

noun
ед. ч.(singular): cuckoo
мн. ч.(plural): cuckoos

Conversion
(конверсия)
is
the formation of words without using word-building affixes.
Conversion is the process of shifting a word from one part of speech
to another (e.g. salt,
n →
salt,
v;
jump,
v →
jump, n).
A certain root is used for the formation of a categorically different
word without an element being added, e.g. bag
– to bag,
back
– to back,
bottle
– to bottle.
Conversion is a productive way of forming words in English.

The
productive models of conversion in English are the following:

1)
formation of verbs from nouns (Noun
→
Verb),
e.g. cash,
n –
cash,
v;
work,
n
–
work, v;
butter
–
to
butter;
ship
– to
ship,
a
dog – to dog
(следовать
по
пятам),
a
monkey – to monkey
(передразнивать).
The noun is the name of an animal and the verb denotes behaviour
typical of this animal. Nose
– to
nose,
hammer
– to hammer,
i.e. the noun is the name of a tool and the verb is the name of an
action, which is performed by this tool.

2)
formation of nouns from verbs (Verb
→
Noun),
e.g. fall,
v
– fall,
n;
must,
v
– must,
n;
to
survey –
a
survey;
to
call –
a
call;

3)
formation of nouns from adjectives (Adjective
→
Noun),
e.g. criminal,
adj –
criminal,
n;
intellectual,
adj –
intellectual,
n;
poor
– the
poor;
final
– a
final);

4)
formation of verbs from adjectives (Adjective
→
Verb),
e.g. slow,
adj –
slow,
v;
brown,
adj –
brown,
v;
dirty
– to
dirty.

6. Other types of word-formation

Word-composition
(словосложение)
is the formation of words by joining two (or more) roots, e.g.
night-club,
man-of-war,
passer-by.
The combination of two or more existing words to create a new word is
one of the most common word-building processes in English.
A compound word (or
compound) is a unit consists of more than one lexical root, e.g.
bluebird
(adjective
+ noun); in-laws
(preposition
+ noun); jumpsuit
(verb
+ noun).

Compound
words may be classified according to the parts of speech:

a) nouns:
waterfall,
looking-glass;

b) verbs:
to
honeymoon,
to
outgrow;

c)
adjectives:
peace-loving,
hard-working;

d) adverbs:
downstairs,
lip-deep;

e)
prepositions:
within,
into;

f)
numerals:
thirty-seven,
fifty-nine.

Compounding
(словослияние)
is
the making of a new word by joining two or more roots together. These
words are classified into the following groups:

1)
neutral compounds, where the words are joined together, without any
connecting element, e.g. headache,
heartbreak,
bedroom;

2)
morphological compounds, in which the words are joined by a vowel or
a consonant, e.g. speedometer,
craftsman,
statesman,
bridesmaid;

3)
synthetic compounds, in which words are joined by a prepositions or
conjunction as a linking element, e.g. down-and-out
(в
ужасном
положении,
опустошенный),
mother-in-law,
good-for-nothing
(лентяй,
бездельник);

4)
derivational compounds, in which the words have affixes in their
roots, e.g. film-goer,
blue-eyed;

5)
contracted compounds, in which one of the words is shortened, e.g.
TV-set,
H-bag
(handbag).

Affixation,
conversion, and compounding are the three main types of
word-formation in English. There are a number of other ways of
forming words, such as:

a)
clipping
(сокращение)
is the process of cutting off one or several syllables of a word,
e.g. maths
(mathematics),
lab
(laboratory),
gym
(gymnastics),
ZOO
(zoological
garden), exam
(examination), BBC
(British
Broadcasting Corporation), i.e.
(Latin
“id est” – English “that is”), e.g.
(Latin
“exempli gratia” – English “for example), etc.
(Latin
“et cetera” – English “and so on”).

Three
types of clipping can be distinguished:

• the
  first part is left, e.g. ad
  (advertisement),
  prof
  (professor);

• the
  second part is left, e.g. phone
  (telephone), plane
  (airplane), burger
  (hamburger);

• a
  middle part is left, e.g. fridge
  (refrigerator), flu
  (influenza).

b)
back-formation
(реверсия)
is a process that creates a new word by removing affix from another
word in the language, e.g. to
televise (from
“television”), to
babysit (from
“a babysitter”);

c)
blending
(стяжение)
is the process of merging parts of words into one new word, usually
the first part of one and the final part of the other, e.g. brunch
(from
“breakfast”
and “lunch”);
smog
(from
“smoke”
and “fog”),
motel
(from
“motorist”
and “hotel”),
medicare
(from “medical”
and “care”);

d)
sound
imitation
(звуковое
подражание)
is the formation of words from sounds associated with objects
producing these sounds, buzz,
meow,
cuckoo,
cock-a-doodle-doo,

splash,
tick-tick;

e)
sound-interchange
(чередование
звука)
is
a way of making words by changing the phonetic shape of the root,
e.g. food,
n –
feed,
v;
sing,
v –
song,
n;
speak,
v
– speech,
n; life, n –
live,
n.
It was produced in old English and now it is not produced at all;

f)
stress-interchange
(чередование
ударения)
is a way of making words by changing the stress in one and the same
morpheme in various cases of its occurrence, e.g. ′present,
n
– to
pre′sent, v;
′present,
n
– to
pre′sent, v;
′record,
n
–
to re′cord, v;

′import, n –
to
im′port.

SEMINAR
7

KEY
TERMS

morpheme
root

free
morpheme

bound
morpheme

affix

suffix

prefix

inflexions

derived
word compound word

productivity
conversion

composition
compounding

clipping
back-formation

TOPICS
FOR DISCUSSION AND EXERCISES

1. What is a
   word-formation? How is word-formation classified?

2. How do you
   distinguish between a morpheme and a word?

3. Morphemes;
   types of morphemes. Structural types of words in English.

4. Affixation.
   Classifications of affixes.

5. What is
   conversion? Semantic groups of converted lexical units.

6. Composition.
   Give examples of different types of composition.

7. Ways of
   forming compounds.

8. Classifications
   of compound words.

9. What is
   back-formation?

10. What is
    abbreviation, clipping, blending?

1.
Give examples of free and bound morphemes (5-7 of each type).

2.
Form words with a negative meaning, using prefixes
in-, un-, dis-, de-.

Ability,
able, accessible, action, admissible, expected, comprehensible, to
tie,

eatable, to
bind, to charge, to obey, to organize, to mobilize, to bolt, just,
justice.

3.
State
what part of speech the following words belong to. Read the pairs of
words and comment on the stress in them.

1. Economy
– economic; industry – industrial; technology – technological;
solid – solidity.

2. Canada –
Canadian; Europe – European; Japan – Japanese.

3. To
generate – generation; to investigate – investigation; to form –
formation; to specialize – specialization; to analyse – analysis,
analytic; emphasize – emphasis, emphatic; to separate –
separation.

4.
Translate the following compound words into Russian. State the type
of compounds.

Undertaker,
stay-at-home, red-hot, bird’s-eye, lady-bird, jelly-fish, madbrain,
busybody, brassface, fire-eater, handiwork, officer-in-charge,
early-riser, T-shirt, golden-haired.

5. Analyse
the structure of the compounds. Translate them into Russian.

1. Office-manager,
   office-managing, office-management.

2. Novel-translator,
   novel-translating, novel-translation.

3. Mail-deliverer,
   mail-delivering, mail-delivery.

4. Mainland,
   letterbox, postman, rain-proof, grandchildren, gentleman,
   snow-storm, foot-path, ice-breaker, world-wide, oil-rich,
   first-hand, shorthand, highway, bookshelf.

6. Compare
the verbs with the corresponding nouns. Translate them into Russian.

ape –
to ape ass – to ass
dog – to dog

duck –
to duck fish – to fish
eye – to eye

finger –
to finger monkey – to monkey rat – to
rat

wolf –
to wolf back – to back bone
– to bone

head –
to head shoulder – to shoulder top –
to top

dress –
to dress pocket – to pocket line –
to line

face –
to face collar – to collar
star – to star

Test

1.
Affixation is:

a)
a way of word-building consisting in adding an affix to the root of a
definite part of speech

b)
a way of word-building consisting in adding an affix to the root of a
noun

c)
shortening of words

d)
a type of morphological analysis

2.
The main function of suffixes in Modern English is:

a)
to change the lexical meaning of a word

b)
to form the verb

c)
to ask questions

d)
to form one part of speech from another

3.
Сonversion
is a morphological way of forming words:

a)
when one part of speech is formed from another part of speech

b)
when a noun is formed from the verb

c)
when a noun is formed from the adjective

d)
when a verb is formed from another part of speech

4.
Clipping consists:

a)
in adding a part of a word

b)
in cutting off a part of a word

c)
in cutting off a prefix

d)
in adding a suffix

5.
Determine the number of morphemes in the word “reactivate”:

a)
one

b)
two

c)
three

d)
four

6.
Inflexions
are
morphemes used to change:

a)
phonetic
forms of the word

b)
grammar
forms of the word

c)
semantic forms

d)
stylistic forms

PART
FOUR

Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]

• #
• #
• #
• #

  30.04.2022451 Кб2Учебник 213.docx

• #
• #
• #
• #
• #
• #
• #

• Dictionary
• C
• Cuckoo

Definitions of cuckoo word

• countable noun cuckoo A cuckoo is a bird that has a call of two quick notes, and lays its eggs in other birds’ nests. 3
• noun cuckoo any bird of the family Cuculidae, having pointed wings, a long tail, and zygodactyl feet: order Cuculiformes. Many species, including the European cuckoo (Cuculus canorus), lay their eggs in the nests of other birds and have a two-note call 3
• noun cuckoo an insane or foolish person 3
• adjective cuckoo insane or foolish 3
• exclamation cuckoo an imitation or representation of the call of a cuckoo 3
• verb cuckoo to repeat over and over 3

Information block about the term

Origin of cuckoo

First appearance:

before 1200

One of the 9% oldest English words

1200-50; Middle English cuc(c)u, cuccuk(e) (imitative); compare Latin cucūlus, French coucou, German Kuckuk, Dutch koekoek, Modern Greek koûko

Historical Comparancy

Parts of speech for Cuckoo

cuckoo popularity

A common word. It’s meaning is known to most children of preschool age. About 90% of English native speakers know the meaning and use the word.

Most Europeans know this English word. The frequency of it’s usage is somewhere between «mom» and «screwdriver».

Synonyms for cuckoo

adj cuckoo

• fool — to trick, deceive, or impose on: They tried to fool him.
• nuts — insane; crazy.
• screwball — Slang. an eccentric or whimsically eccentric person; a nut.
• silly — weak-minded or lacking good sense; stupid or foolish: a silly writer.
• clock — A clock is an instrument, for example in a room or on the outside of a building, that shows what time of day it is.

adjective cuckoo

• eccentric — deviating from the recognized or customary character, practice, etc.; irregular; erratic; peculiar; odd: eccentric conduct; an eccentric person.
• strange — unusual, extraordinary, or curious; odd; queer: a strange remark to make.
• weird — involving or suggesting the supernatural; unearthly or uncanny: a weird sound; weird lights.
• unusual — not usual, common, or ordinary; uncommon in amount or degree; exceptional: an unusual sound; an unusual hobby; an unusual response.
• bizarre — Something that is bizarre is very odd and strange.

noun cuckoo

• bedlamite — a lunatic; insane person
• lamebrain — a dunce; booby; fool.
• fruitcake — a rich cake containing dried or candied fruit, nuts, etc.
• nutcase — a deranged person; lunatic.
• dement — to deteriorate mentally, esp because of old age

Antonyms for cuckoo

adjective cuckoo

• ordinary — of no special quality or interest; commonplace; unexceptional: One novel is brilliant, the other is decidedly ordinary; an ordinary person.

Top questions with cuckoo

• how do you spell cuckoo?
• how to spell cuckoo?
• how do you spell cuckoo clock?
• how to fix a cuckoo clock?
• what does cuckoo mean?
• what is a cuckoo?
• how to set a cuckoo clock?
• what bird makes a cuckoo sound?
• what sound does a cuckoo bird make?
• how to make cuckoo clock bellows?
• how to reset cuckoo clock?
• how to adjust cuckoo clock pendulum?
• how does a cuckoo clock make sound?
• how to draw a cuckoo bird?
• how does a cuckoo clock work?

See also

• All definitions of cuckoo
• Synonyms for cuckoo
• Antonyms for cuckoo
• Related words to cuckoo
• Sentences with the word cuckoo
• Words that rhyme with cuckoo
• cuckoo pronunciation
• The plural of cuckoo
• The past tense of cuckoo

Matching words

• Words starting with c
• Words starting with cu
• Words starting with cuc
• Words starting with cuck
• Words starting with cucko
• Words starting with cuckoo

• Words ending with o
• Words ending with oo
• Words ending with koo
• Words ending with ckoo

• Words containing the letters c
• Words containing the letters c,u
• Words containing the letters c,u,k
• Words containing the letters c,u,k,o

• Words containing c
• Words containing cu
• Words containing cuc
• Words containing cuck
• Words containing cucko
• Words containing cuckoo