1.
This is more like a word for word translation than … . 2. It is
more like a fable than … . 3. The fabric looks more like cotton
than …. 4.
Annlooks more like a
schoolgirl than…. 5. With this hairdo she looks more like a
boy than …. 6. We walked round the village for …. 7.1 stayed with
my friends for …. 8.1 lived in the town for …. 9,1 am not through
with the book yet, I’ve read only 50 pages or …. 10. Since everyone
is present I think it…. 11. We are
through with our work. Isn’t it …? 12. We’ve been looking for her
house for more than an hour. I should … . 13. There seems to be no
end to dirty clothes. I should … . 14. The more we listened to him,
… .
15.
The more John looked at her,…, 16. The more I think about her
decision,
… . 17. The more indignant Andrew became 18. The
longer
we waited, … . 19. Who’ll go to the baker’s? There is … . 20. I’m
going to the stationer’s. There is … . 21. Why go shopping? —
We have … . 22. We needn’t hurry. There is … . 23. Hurry up. We
have … . 24. Why not put the table near the window? — There seems
to be … . 25. Where will you put the bookcase? There seems to be no
….
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Suggest
a beginning matching up the end. Use Speech Patterns 4,
5 and7:
1.
that looking after a child was so tiresome. 2…. might cost so much
effort. 3. … might turn out to be such a trying job. 4. … the
bigger wages he earned. 5. … the less he knew what to do. 6. …
the more we liked the place. 7. … You shouldn’t be so careless.
8.
… You’ll have to do everything all over again. 9 You treat
the
matter too lightly. 10 Your answer is
wrong.
-
Respond
to the following statements and questions using the Speech
Patterns:
1.
If only the weather were better!
2.In two
days I’ll finish my exams. 3. I shan’t be through with my work before
the weekend, I’m afraid. 4. How long will the job take? 5. We’re
going there on Friday. 6. She may come yet. Let’s wait a bit. 7. He
says it was your fault.8. How long shall I
stay there?
-
Make
up two sentences of your own on each pattern. -
Translate
into English using the Speech Patterns:-
Весной,
на обратном пути в Москву, мы случайно
проезжали мимо небольшого городка. Он
был скорее похож на большую деревню,
чем на город, все дома в нем утопали в
цветах, и он показался нам таким
красивым, что мы не смогли не остановиться
там. Я никогда бы не подумала, что
прогулка по маленькому провинциальному
городку может доставить такое
наслаждение. Мы ходили по городу около
трех часов, и чем больше мы смотрели
на этот сказочный уголок, тем больше
восхищались им. Но у нас осталось мало
времени, и нам пришлось спешить в
Москву. -
В
прошлом году нам с женой пришлось пойти
в отпуск зимой. Мы решили, что это
удобный случай, чтобы собственными
силами отремонтировать квартиру. После
двух дней работы наша квартира больше
походила на склад поломанной мебели,
чем на квартиру.
-
«Это
никуда не годится, — сказала жена. —
Давай лучше пригласим маляров» (to
have smth. done).
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#1
What’s the difference among «literal translation» «direct translation» «word-for-word translation»?
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#2
Literal and word-for-word both mean that it is translated in such a way that it may not sound good but is gramatically correct.
Im not sure about direct, I’ve never heard it used like this before.
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#3
I’ve heard direct translation quite a few times and have used it myself. I can’t see much difference, if any, between that and «literal» however. Here is an example where both are used, clearly expressing the same idea in different ways:
«X might be the most literal translation, but what’s the point unless you are learning Greek and want such a direct translation.»
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#4
In the sentence Matching Mole provided, ‘literal translation’ could easily replace ‘direct translation’. The other version was used to avoid word repetition.
Literel translation, word-for-word translation, and direct translation are the same. An idiomatic translation is different in that the text is rendered into the other language so that it sounds right in the other language. I’m going to put just a small amount of Latin here just to show the difference between idiomatic translation and direct (word-for-word, literal) translation:
Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres. <— Latin text
Gallia is all divided in parts three. <— literal translation
Gaul is divided into three parts. <— idiomatic translation
Gaul has three divisions. <—
Even more idiomatically translated
Orange Blossom
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#5
I sometimes use the word transliteration. Can it mean the same as the 3 others or should its use be restricted to alphabets?
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#6
Thanks, you’re all wonderful
I think «transliteration» is for the purpose of trinscribing pronunciation only.
Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres. <— Latin text
galia est omnis diwiza in partes tres.<—Transliteration
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#7
http://forum.wordreference.com/showpost.php?p=2617335&postcount=4
When I translate something «literally,» (wörtlich) it still follows the main rules of the language I’m translating into. What you mean is «word-by-word» (wortwörtlich) to me. Or do you consider these two terms interchangeable in English? I’m not even sure myself if «wörtlich» and «wortwörtlich» can make this distinction, but I sense they are not the same in meaning.
Hi, are there any terms for «preserving the meaning of each word you translate from, but at the same time following the syntactic rule of the language you translate into?
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#8
Chesire is right about the meaning of transliteration. Transcribe is another word we use for this.
Tchaichowski is a transcription, or transliteration, of his name from Cyrillic.
In English, a word-for-word translation is the same as a literal translation. I don’t think there is a special term for a translation that retains the literal translations of the words while rearranging them into the syntax of the other language.
Orange Blossom
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#9
I have always used the term ‘free translation’ when referring to a translation which, rather than being literal or word-by-word, attempts to convey the same message in the translatee language as in the original by using the appropriate expressions and vocabulary for this purpose.
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#10
I have always used the term ‘free translation’ when referring to a translation which, rather than being literal or word-by-word, attempts to convey the same message in the translatee language as in the original by using the appropriate expressions and vocabulary for this purpose.
This is what is called an «idiomatic translation».
Orange Blossom
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#11
I’ve never heard that one, Orange Blossom, furthermore, I’m not sure it’s really appropriate.
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#12
A google search with «idiomatic translation» in quotes brings 33,000 entries.
Here is a quote from one site that uses it:
The word-for-word glosses should be neatly aligned under the original forms, and the idiomatic translation follows on a line below, enclosed in single quotes.
From: http://www.springer.com/west/home/l…IPageCounter=CI_FOR_AUTHORS_AND_EDITORS_PAGE1
Basically what I was saying in my previous post is that a free translation is also called an idiomatic translation. This is the opposite of a word-for-word translation, literal translation, or direct translation.
Orange Blossom
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#13
Thanks, Orange Blossom; a very interesting site.
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#14
Is «word-by-word translation» a misspelling?
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#15
Hi Cheshire,
Word-by-word may be a mistranslation or a mistyped word which I suppose could be called a misspelling.
Orange Blossom
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#16
Hello everybody,
would ‘direct translation’ be a way of saying there is no need to go through any intermediary? I mean that in French, we speak of the ‘departure language’, the ‘arrival language’, and in between there is what we call ‘neutral language’, that is a language that is not grammatically correct in any of the other two languages, but that allows to retain only the meaning deprived of any idioms before reaching an idiomatic translation. Would these different names be equally used in English?
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#17
I don’t think «literal translation» = «direct translation,» but I’m not sure what the latter exactly means either. Does it mean «with no intermediary?»
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#18
To me, direct translation suggests that each word is translated into its «direct» equivalent, and the word order is also rendered «directly», i.e. without any change, without trying to make the text sound natural or idiomatic in the target language. In that, I think it’s strictly synonymous with «literal» (= «to the letter», etymologically).*
In reality, there’s an almost infinite number of intermediary degrees between a totally idiomatic (the latter being a strange concept, anyway. It would be more accurate to call it «the most idiomatic possible») and a totally direct translation. But we don’t have the words to name all those steps (direct? half-direct?half-idiomatic? see what I mean?).
The most «direct translations possible» are performed by translating machines. But no human being translates like that.
EDIT : * there would remain to define what a «direct equivalent» is. Is it a cognate? Rarely. I mean, most of the time, there is none available.
In my attempt to define what a direct translation is, I think I have unintentionally demonstrated that this term is clumsy, inappropriate and maybe stupid.
To sum up, my answer is that when people use these 3 expressions, direct, literal and word-for-word translation, they mean exactly the same, i.e. an extreme which exists only in theory (except if you take machines into account).
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#19
I sometimes use the word transliteration. Can it mean the same as the 3 others or should its use be restricted to alphabets?
I also did, until someone corrected me and I looked it up in the dictionary and verified that I was wrong. My question is, what is the equivalent verb form for the following nouns in the title of this post? Are the ff correct?:
translate literally
translate directly
translate word-for-word
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#20
I also did, until someone corrected me and I looked it up in the dictionary and verified that I was wrong. My question is, what is the equivalent verb form for the following nouns in the title of this post? Are the ff correct?:
translate literally
translate directly
translate word-for-word
Quite honestly, I don’t think there is a verb for any of these.
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#21
According to what I learned when I was at university, a literal translation and a word-for-word is the same, to translate from one language to another one word at a time, rather than giving the sense of the original. However, direct translation refers to the fact of translating from a source language into a target language that is your first or native language, so here we have another concept, reverse translation, to translate from your first or native language into a foreign one.
I hope it helps!
One reason I love idioms is that you have to struggle to guess the meaning of the phrase at the first try. Being a statistically hard language that it is, Russian also has thousands of idioms that can be used in daily conversation, literature creations, and just for fun.
I’ll make sure to give you a detailed guide on how to use an idiom so you’ll grow closer to fluent Russian efficiency by one more step.
Why Should You Learn Russian Idioms?
This list can not be completed in one article or even a lecture. That’s why you have to go on and learn some more about other Russian idioms if you want to sound like a native speaker and understand their dialogues without a hassle.
Here’s a little something to convince you to go on a deep research spree:
- Have you ever been left wondering why a character of your favorite Russian TV show did something/reacted some way? You might’ve missed an idiom or two in their monologue. Natives don’t even stop to think about what they’ve heard, and you can do it too with a little practice.
- Reading books will become a lot easier since quite a lot of old Russian literature has idioms and phrases that foreigners might struggle to understand and even translate online.
- Have you ever had to laugh at the joke Russian made that you didn’t understand? Because the Russian language is filled with such idioms, you might find it troubling to understand every joke.
It would also help your case to revisit the English idioms and broaden your understanding of the language. Similarities between Russian and English idioms do happen.
Speak Like a Local When Using Idioms
Idioms like елки-палки («tree sticks» — Geez/holy cow/hell) are a bit old-fashioned, and you might notice them only in villages and old literature. Although some people might use the idiom like a joke.
But there still are some that can slip into daily conversations unnoticed by a native Russian speaker and leave a foreigner wondering.
Let’s learn some Russian idioms that can come in handy while chatting to a native speaker:
1 Делать из мухи слона
Word-for-word translation: «To make an elephant out of the fly»
Meaning: «It’s not a big deal» or «to exaggerate»
Example:
Не надо делать из мухи слона.
You don’t have to make a big deal out of it.
You will most likely meet this idiom in literature pieces and daily life. I can safely say that it’s an easy-to-understand idiom, and you’re ready to use it as your own. Here’s a little piece you can read where you can encounter this idiom very naturally.
2 Не пуха ни пера
Word-for-word translation: «Neither the fuzz nor feather»
Meaning: «Good luck» or «break a leg»
Example:
Ну всё, девчонки, ни пуха ни пера!!
Well girls, good luck!!
source: Тайна Планетищи
Natives might sometimes use “ни пуха” — the shortened version of the Idiom. Did you know that this one has a history? People used to send hunters off to the wild by saying Не пуха ни пера, wishing good luck. It meant «lose neither fuzz nor feather and come back with a great catch.»
This idiom has an answer as well. If someone tells you Не пуха ни пера, you can answer “К чёрту!” (To hell!) so you won’t jinx yourself and have actual good luck.
3 Пахнет жареным
Word-for-word translation: «Smells like something is burning»
Meaning: «something’s suspicious/not right,» «trouble in the air,» «something smells fishy.»
Example:
Я чую, что пахнет жареным.
I can feel that something’s not right.
One of my favorite Russian idioms is Пахнет жареным, and the author of this piece delivers the meaning for everyone to understand.
4 Взять себя в руки
Word-for-word translation: «To take yourself into your hands»
Meaning: «to get a hold of yourself» or «to calm down.»
Example:
Не паникуй! Возьми себя в руки!
Don’t panic! Get a hold of yourself!
You can use this idiom to tell someone to calm down, get a hold of their emotional state, and don’t panic. The literal meaning would be to lift yourself, but.. who does that?
5 Не в своей тарелке
Word-for-word translation: «Not on your plate»
Meaning: «uncomfortable with something.»
Example:
Ты ведь тоже чувствуешь себя не в своей тарелке, находясь рядом с человеком.
You too feel uncomfortable around people.
source: Зов ночи
This idiom has been around since the times when every Russian spoke French. The saying comes from the French phrase «Il n’est pas dans son assiette,» where the word assiette can mean state, mood, and even plate.
6 Водить за нос
Word-for-word translation: «To drive someone with their nose»
Meaning: «to manipulate someone,» «to lie to someone,» «to trick someone.»
Example:
— Но предупреждаю, я не люблю, когда меня водят за нос.
— But I warn you, I do not like being tricked.
7 Смотреть правде в глаза
Word-for-word translation: «To look into the truth’s eyes»
Meaning: «face the facts/truth,» or «let’s be honest»
Example:
Я просто не хотела смотреть правде в глаза.
I just didn’t want to face the truth.
If you imagine yourself standing face-to-face with truth, this idiom describes that situation perfectly. Russians love using this one, and so do we.
8 Сколько душе угодно
Word-for-word translation: «as much as your soul wants»
Meaning: «as much as you like»
Example:
Ешь, сколько душе угодно.
Eat as much as you’d like.
Russian idioms are often confusing and funny. It’s pretty easy to understand this one, but it doesn’t make the phrase any less than the others. I especially love this idiom because it’s beautiful and brings up sparkling emotions.
9 Не все дома
Word-for-word translation: «Not everyone at home»
Meaning: «insane,» «not normal.»
Example:
У этой дамы, должно быть, не все дома
This woman is not normal
source: Загадка Ситтафорда
Russian idioms can be so funny sometimes. I always laugh at this phrase, and that’s why I included it in the list, to bring color and fun to learning.
10 Когда рак на горе свистнет
Word-for-word translation: «When the cancer whistles on the mountain»
Meaning: «it’s never going to happen,» or «when pigs fly»
Example:
Жди, как говорят русские, когда рак на горе свистнет!
Wait, as the Russians say, when cancer on the mountain whistles! (when pigs fly)
We like exaggerating some stuff, don’t we? And to give a flare to the words «it’s never going to happen» you can say Когда рак на горе свистнет.
Bonus — Russian Idioms That Have Similarities With English Idioms
Ни рыба ни мясо
Word-for-word translation: «neither fish nor fowl»
Meaning: «something boring,» «something hard to identify and classify»
Example:
Он мне вообще никогда не нравился: ни рыба ни мясо
I’ve never really liked him: neither fish nor fowl
source: Колечко
Have you ever had to describe something boring, uncolorful, and plainly confusing? Well, now you can! Considering that you might’ve heard such an idiom in the English language, I still included it, because Russians use it so often, it’s become a regular word. Use it wisely!
Смотреть в оба
Word-for-word translation: «to watch from both eyes»
Meaning: «keep your eyes peeled»
Example:
Впредь придётся смотреть в оба.
From now on, keep your eyes peeled.
source: Аркадия. Лишенная эмоций
Russian idioms do have some similarities with the English ones.
Строить замки из песка
Word-for-word translation: «Building sand castles»
Meaning: «to dream,» «to make plans that are impossible to come true»
Example:
Она годами строила замки из песка, но реальный мир разбил ей сердце.
She’s been building sandcastles for years, but the real world broke her heart.
A bit sad, isn’t it? But that’s a popular example of how Russians use this idiom. As you can see. «building sandcastles» can also have the same meaning in English.
But Wait, We’re Not Done Here
I guess what I’m trying to say is that you can sound like a native speaker with a little practice. Learning Russian idioms is just the tip of the iceberg. Try to be more vocal, implement speaking exercises in your daily routine with the help of Speechling. You’re just a step away from a full Russian conversation with a native speaker.