The word volcano comes from the name vulcan the roman god of fire

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Welco • The word volcano comes from Vulcan, the 1) Roman / Greek god of fire. The largest active volcano is Mauna Loa in 2) Spain / Hawaii, Most volcanoes are in the 3) Atlantic / Pacific We are in. It’s a place Ocean Our camps 4) There are some / There aren’t any volcanoes in the UK. There are activities The largest volcano in Europe is Mount 5) Vesuvius / Etna Book n in Italy​

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Ответил sattarovazarina657

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1)Roman

2)Hawaii

3)Pacific

4)There are some

5)Etna

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alinaplyznikova:
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boribaevaalia194:
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The word volcano comes from the name of Vulcan, the ancient Roman god of fire and metalworking. The Romans believed that volcanic eruptions resulted when Vulcan made thunderbolts and weapons for the gods. Other cultures explained volcanoes as outbursts of anger from a god or goddess. Pele was the name of the volcano goddess of the native Hawaiians.

Volcanoes have a long history of destruction. In ad 79 the eruption of Mount Vesuvius destroyed the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum.

Two of the deadliest volcanic eruptions happened in 1815 and 1883 on islands in what is now Indonesia. In 1815 Mount Tambora released so much ash into the air that it blocked out large amounts of sunlight. Temperatures around the world dropped for months afterward, making 1816 a “year without a summer.” In 1883 the volcano Krakatoa exploded and collapsed, triggering a colossal sea wave known as a tsunami. Tens of thousands of people were killed by these events.

On May 8, 1902, Mount Pelée erupted on the Caribbean island of Martinique. Although very little lava flowed, an unstoppable black cloud of hot gases and ash engulfed the city of Saint-Pierre, killing almost all of its 30,000 people. The birth of a volcano was witnessed between 1943 and 1952, when a smoking hole in a Mexican farmer’s cornfield erupted into a new mountain called Paricutín that eventually stood 1,400 feet (425 meters) above the level ground around it.

Another notable event took place in 1963, when a new volcanic island called Surtsey rose up from the Atlantic Ocean near Iceland. Within a few years it built up to an area of 1 square mile (2.5 square kilometers), with a peak more than 560 feet (170 meters) above sea level.

The 1980 eruption of Mount Saint Helens, in the U.S. state of Washington, was one of the biggest in North America. The 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo, in the Philippines, was the largest of the 1900s. These eruptions killed fewer people than earlier volcanoes, but they still destroyed much property.

Another volcano in Iceland erupted in 2010 and caused major problems for travelers throughout the world. The volcano produced a huge ash cloud that spread to the east. It caused many airports in Europe to close because it was too dangerous for planes to fly through the ash.

Volcanoes are one of nature’s most powerful and awe-inspiring phenomena. Volcanic eruptions can cause immense destruction and devastation, yet at the same time, they are essential for the long-term health of our planet. Volcanoes occur when molten rock (magma) erupts from within the Earth, sometimes explosively and sometimes more gently. They can spew out lava, rocks, ash, and other materials, and some even produce stunningly beautiful lava fountains and glowing hot clouds. On land, volcanoes are often found along the edges of tectonic plates, and beneath the ocean, they form underwater mountain ranges. Volcanoes have shaped the Earth’s surface and climate for millions of years, and they continue to affect us today.

1. Volcanoes are openings of the Earth’s surface.

Volcanoes are openings of the Earth’s surface.

When a volcano erupts lava, ash and gas is expelled from it.

The hole at the top is known as the volcanic crater.

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2. The word volcano comes from the word ‘vulcan’.

Have you ever wondered where the word volcano comes from?

It comes from the world ‘vulcan’ who was the Roman God of fire!

3. Volcanoes can be active, dormant or extinct.

An active volcano is one that has erupted within the last 10,000 years or it has some type of activity going on.

This activity could be anything from gases being released or even earthquakes around it.

A dormant volcano is one that hasn’t erupted in the last 10,000 years, however there is a chance it will erupt at some point.

An extinct volcano is one that hasn’t erupted in the last 10,000 years and is unlikely to erupt in the future.

4. The liquid inside the volcano is called magma.

Volcanoes hold very hot liquid called magma.

Magma is rock that is so hot, it has turned into a liquid.

It glows bright orange and is held in a chamber within the volcano.

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5. Lava is the liquid that is expelled from the volcano.

Once a volcano erupts, the magma will come out of the top of the volcano.

After it has left the volcano, it is called lava.

Once the lava has cooled down it will turn into solid rock.

Click here for Top 10 Facts About Rocks!

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6. Lava is very, very hot!

That’s right, lava is very hot!

It can get up to 1,250° Celsius.

This makes volcanoes very dangerous and it is why they should be avoided.

Each volcano has a different level of risk which should always be researched before visiting.

7. There are volcanoes on other planets too!

The largest volcano in our solar system isn’t on planet Earth.

It’s on Mars!

The volcano is called Olympus Mons.

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8. There are around 1,500 active volcanoes in the world.

There are lots of volcanoes, in fact, there are around 1,500 which are active.

Most volcanoes are found in countries that have coastlines on the Pacific Ocean.

Luckily in the UK we have no active volcanoes.

Find out how to make your own volcano here!

9. The largest volcano on Earth is Mauna Loa in Hawaii.

The largest volcano on Earth is in Hawaii. It’s called the Mauna Loa.

From sea level it is 4,169 metres high. However, under the sea it also goes down another 5,000 metres.

This would make it higher than Mount Everest!

Since 1843, it has erupted 33 times.

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10. Volcanoes are usually where tectonic plates meet.

Volcanoes often occur where tectonic plates meet.

Tectonic plates are like puzzle pieces that cover the Earth.

They are underneath the ground.

The plates always move very slowly but when the plates move suddenly they often cause an earthquake.

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1. Where the term Volcano came from: The word “volcano” was derived from the Italian word “vulcano” from the Latin “vulcanus” meaning “burning mountain”. In  ancient Roman mythology, the God of fire/ flames (referred to as the blacksmith of the gods) went by the name “Vulcan”, the etymology  for which is still debated, but is believed to be related to the Latin words for lightning (fulgur, fulgere, fulmen). This in turn became connected to flames.  It is also thought that the name ‘Vulcan’ may have been adapted from the Cretean God of nature and the nether world, “Velchanos”.

In Ancient Rome, a small volcanic island in the Aeolian Islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea (off the coast of Sicily) was believed to be the forge of the god Vulcan (seen as a chimney to his workshop below) just as  Mt. Etna and Olympus were, and was named “Vulcano”. The Roman name given to this island is largely what contributed to the term ‘Volcano’ becoming popular.

2. There are four major types of volcanoes, classified according to their shape, composition of their magma, and the way they erupt. They are:  Composite Volcanoes (also known as Stratovolcanoes) which are the most common type of volcanoes, generally steep-sided cone shaped mountains most of which have a crater at the summit and erupt with different kinds of lava, ash, and rock . Then there are Shield Volcanoes that are  wide gentle-sloping volcanoes that have low viscosity lava flows. Cinder cone volcanoes are smaller single-vent volcanoes, that have short-lived eruptions and often have bowl shaped craters at the summit. Lava domes are rounded volcanoes which erupt with very viscous lava that doesn’t flow great distances.

3. It is estimated that around 80% of the Earth’s surface, above and below sea-level, originated because of volcanic activity. The magma, molten rock, and debris from volcanic eruptions have formed some major landforms like islands, mountains, plateaus, and plains. The volcanoes didn’t just contribute to land masses, but gaseous emissions from volcanoes over hundreds of millions of years are believed to have resulted in much of the early atmosphere.

4.  Although the exact number of volcanoes on Earth isn’t known, according to geologists there have been over 1,300-1,500 volcanoes that have shown some level of activity over the last 10,000 years, not counting underwater volcanoes. In more recently recorded history, there are approximately 500 volcanoes listed as active above sea-level in the world, of which 50-60 are said to erupt each year.

5. Volcanoes are mostly located along  the edges of continents where tectonic plates converge or diverge. However, there is a concentration of above sea volcanoes (more than 75% of the volcanoes) in the Pacific Ocean known as the Ring of Fire.  This region, extending from New Zealand, to the Philippines, Indonesia, up to Japan, the Kamchatka Peninsula, along the North American west coast and down all the way along the South-American continent, is home to 452 volcanoes. The United States has the third highest number of active volcanoes historically. Indonesia and Japan rank first and second respectively.

6. The eruption of Mount Tambora on Sumbawa island in Indonesia in 1815 is the biggest eruption recorded in history. On the Volcanic Explosivity Index-VEI (devised by Chris Newhall of the US Geological Survey, based on the amount of material released) it was ranked as “super-colossal” or a number 7 eruption, the second highest rating in the index. The explosion for the eruption was heard on Sumatra Island more than 1200 miles away. The destruction was vast, with an estimated ejection volume of 38 cubic miles (160 km³⁾ and a  death toll of more than 71,000 people, 11,000–12,000 of which were killed directly by the eruption.

7. The most destructive volcano in the United States (mainland) was the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens in Washington. Over 250 homes, 47 bridges, and 185 miles of highway were destroyed, taking the lives of over 57 people directly.  The eruption produced over 540 million tons of ash covering an area of more than 22,000 square miles. The biggest eruption in the United States (and the 20th century), however, was the Novarupta (Katmai) Volcano in Alaska that erupted in 1912 with almost 3 times the volume of the Mount St. Helen’s eruption. The eruption lasted over 60 hours and spewed out an estimated 15 cubic kilometers of magma. There wasn’t as much commercial damage, though, due to the fact that the region was sparsely populated.

8.  Hawaii’s Mauna Kea shield volcano is the tallest volcano in the world. In fact, if measured from the base (below sea-level), it is even taller than Mount Everest. It measures 33,500 feet (10,210 meters).

9. The most active volcano in the world (not including underwater volcanoes) is another of Hawaii’s volcanoes, Kilauea. Beginning in 1983, the Kilauea volcano has been in a state of near constant eruption, relative to most volcanoes, ever since (for 30 years). It was recorded to have erupted 45 times in the 20th century. The most recent eruption of Kilauea was in March 2011. More than 90 percent of Kilauea’s surface is made up of lava that is less than 1,100 years old.

10. Mount Etna of Italy, on the Sicilian coast, has been in an active state for over 3,500 years, making it the volcano with the most documented eruptions. Despite its periodic eruptions, the most recent of which was in January of 2011, the region houses extensive vineyards and orchards.

11. The 1991 eruption of Mount Punatubo in the Philippines was one of the largest eruptions of the 20th century (second only to the 1912 Novarupta Volcano eruption in Alaska). The aftermath of this eruption were so significant, it was said to have affected global temperatures by about 0.9 degrees Fahrenheit in the following year. The ash cloud also caused by the eruption rose over 22 miles in the air and was one of the primary contributors to the number of deaths associated with that eruption. A large number of homes also had their roofs collapse in because of the weight of the accumulated wet ash.

12. November 13, 1985 : Dubbed the ‘Armero Tragedy’, over 23,000 people in Armero, Columbia were killed by volcanic mudslides (lahars) caused by the eruption of the Nevado del Ruiz Volcano. After 69 years of being dormant, the Nevado del Ruiz volcano in Tolima, Colombia erupted causing a pyroclastic flow (a current of superheated gas and rock that moves a speed of around 450 mph (700kmph) away from the volcano) to melt the mountain’s snow cap and glaciers. This in turn sent 4 lahars (mudslides and debris flows caused by the volcanic eruption)  down the mountain and into river beds that swept into the sleeping town of Armero, burying it in thick mud that had the density of concrete. Over 20,000 of the town’s 29,000 people were killed that day and another 3,000 people from the neighboring towns died as well. This was not the first lahar that Armero has seen; in 1845, a lahar swept through the town killing over 1000 people. The town itself was re- built directly on top of the 1845 mudflow deposit.

Do you know any other interesting volcano facts?  Please leave them in the comments below!

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