The word read in japanese

Mybb[forumread]: The forums you have marked as read.

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Mybb[forumread]:既のフォーラム。

Let’s read that again but this time from the New Living Translation:.

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もう一度読みましょうが、今回はNewLivingTranslationから:。

Turn off the TV and read classic literature to your children.

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Koreans of my generation can still read kanji(Chinese characters).

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私の世代の韓国人は、まだ漢字が読めます

He said if you want to know God more, read your Bible.

If you want to know Jesus more, read the Bible.

Read each chapter twice before going on to the next chapter.

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If you could read my mind, Gordon Lightfoot,(compact disc).

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IFYOUCOULDREADMYMIND/GORDONLIGHTFOOT(ゴオドンライトフット)。

Read Committed is the default isolation level

set for MS SQL Server.

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READCOMMITTEDは、SQLServerの既定の分離レベルです。

Journals generally not read by them.

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Read the first draft documents.

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READ‘EMANDWEEP(涙のラスト・レター)。

A Keep Calm and Read On poster.

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KEEPCALMANDREADONブックカバー。

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It seemed that the book had not been read.

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If only more Christians read him.

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Read local is a library project for hotels and their guests.

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READLOCALは、ホテルとそのゲストのためのライブラリプロジェクトです。

If you could read my mind by Gordon Lightfoot w/ lyrics→.

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IFYOUCOULDREADMYMIND/GORDONLIGHTFOOT(ゴオドンライトフット)。

What do you wish you would read when you were a teenager?

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If you could read my mind- Gordon Lightfoot.

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IFYOUCOULDREADMYMIND/GORDONLIGHTFOOT(ゴオドンライトフット)。

Anyone who read to the end, I owe you a scotch!

The book does not seem to have been read.

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Both of these are explained in the Read Me file.

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これらは、READMEファイルの表示などにも使われている。

Read data from the EEPROM.

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READ:EEPROMからデータを読み出します。

The book appears to have not been read.

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Run Virtualdub and read movie(Drag and drop).

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Virtualdubを起動させ、ドラッグ&ドロップで動画を読み込ませます。

Was the message delivered but not read?

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Results: 42649,
Time: 0.0495

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Japanese

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読む (yomu) read (verb)

私たちは、今学期に10冊の本を読まなければならない。
Watashi-tachi wa, kongakki ni ju-ssatsu no hon o yomanakereba naranai.
We have to read ten books this school semester.

その少年は、公園で本を読んでいる。
Sono shōnen wa, kōen de hon o yonde iru.
The boy is reading a book in the park.

テレビを消して本を読みなさい。
Terebi o keshite, hon o yominasai.
Turn off the televison, and read a book.

その男の子は公園で本を読んでいる。
Sono otoko no ko wa kōen de hon o yonde iru.
The boy is reading a book in the park.

テレビを消して、本を読みなさい。
Terebi o keshite, hon o yominasai.
Turn off the televison, and read a book.

女性は雑誌を読んでいる。
Josei wa zasshi o yonde iru.
The woman is reading a magazine.

お母さんが娘に本を読んでいる。
O-kā-san ga musume ni hon o yonde iru.
The mother is reading to her daughter.

お母さんが娘に本を読む。
O-kā-san ga musume ni hon o yomu.
The mother reads to her daughter.

お母さんが娘に本を読んだ。
O-kā-san ga musume ni hon o yonda.
The mother read to her daughter.

本を読む
hon o yomu
read a book

新聞を読む
shinbun o yomu
read the newspaper

雑誌を読む
zasshi o yomu
read a magazine

娘に本を読む
musume ni hon o yomu
read a book to one’s daughter

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~を読む, 読書する

What was the last book you read?

I’ve been reading about Marilyn Monroe.


~を朗読する, 読み聞かせる

Do you want me to read it to you?

Phrasal verbs

Translation of read | GLOBAL English–Japanese Dictionary

read

verb

/rid/  

past, past participle read


読(よ)み聞(き)かせる

His mother reads to him every night.
母親は彼に毎晩読み聞かせをする。


読(よ9んで知(し)る

We were reading about the planets at school.
我々は学校で惑星に関して読んでいた。


書(か)いてある

The sign read “No entry.”
その標識には「進入禁止」と書かれていた。


読(よ)み取(と)る

I’m not very good at reading maps.
私は地図を読むのがあまりうまくない。

How do you read this table?
この表はどういう意味ですか。

 read between the lines


行間(ぎょうかん)を読(よ)む

Reading between the lines, I could see the situation was going to get worse.
行間を読むと、状況は悪くなっているように思える。

Examples of read

read


The effects of elevated train noise on reading ability.


The two theories can be combined to formulate a cross-linguistic theory of reading development in bilingual children.


How proficient are you in reading other languages (specify ________)?


Commoners were empowered more than one would expect after reading the political-economy literature.


As indicated above, reading in different languages requires different levels of general cognitive skills.


The present research was designed to determine why naming predicts reading skill.


I found myself asking on reading this, but the question is not seriously addressed.


A phonological analysis of reading performance in two dyslexic children.

These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.

Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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Nouns

People

  • にんげん人間 – human (ningen)
  • じんるい人類 – humanity (jinrui)
  • ひと – person (hito)
  • おとこ – male (otoko)
  • おとこのひと男の人 – man (otokonohito)
  • おとこのこ男の子 – boy (otokonoko)
  • おんな – female (onna)
  • おんなのひと女の人 – woman (onnanohito)
  • おんなのこ女の子 – girl (onnanoko)
  • あかちゃん赤ちゃん – baby (akachan)
  • わかもの若者 – youth, young person (wakamono)
  • わたし – I, myself (watashi)
  • わたくし – I, myself (watakushi [most formal])
  • ぼく – I, myself (boku, mainly used by males)
  • おれ – I, myself (ore, mainly used by males [informal])
  • あたし – I, myself (atashi, mainly used by females [softer sounding])
  • しょうじょ少女 – girl (shoujo)
  • しょうねん少年 – boy (shounen)

Occupations

  • いしゃ医者 – doctor (isha)
  • かんごし看護師 – nurse (kangoshi)
  • かんごふ看護婦 – female nurse (kangofu)
  • しかい歯科医はいしゃ歯医者 – dentist (shikai, ha-isha)
  • せいじか政治家 – politician (seijika)
  • べんごし弁護士 – lawyer (bengoshi)
  • しょうぼうし消防士 – firefighter (shouboushi)
  • けいさつかん警察官 – police officer (keisatsukan)
  • へいし兵士 – soldier (heishi)
  • けんちくか建築家 – architect (kenchikuka)
  • せんせい先生 – teacher (sensei)
  • きょうし教師 – (academic) teacher (kyoushi)
  • かしゅ歌手 – singer (kashu)
  • エンジニア – engineer(enjinia)

Body

  • あし – foot, leg (ashi)
  • かかと – heel (kakato)
  • すね – shin (sune)
  • ひざ – knee (hiza)
  • もも – thigh (momo)
  • あたま – head (atama)
  • かお – face (kao)
  • くち – mouth (kuchi)
  • くちびる – lips (kuchibiru)
  • – tooth (ha)
  • はな – nose (hana)
  • – eye (me)
  • ひげ – moustache, beard (hige)
  • かみ – hair (kami)
  • みみ – ear (mimi)
  • おなか御腹 – stomach (onaka)
  • うで – arm (ude)
  • ひじ – elbow (hiji)
  • かた – shoulder (kata)
  • つめ – nail (tsume)
  • – hand (te)
  • てくび手首 – wrist (tekubi)
  • てのひら手の平 – palm of hand (te-no-hira)
  • ゆび – finger, toe (yubi)
  • しり – buttocks (shiri)
  • おなかお腹はら) – abdomen (o-naka)
  • かんぞう肝臓 – liver (kanzō)
  • きも – liver (kimo)
  • きんにく筋肉 – muscle (kin’niku)
  • くび – neck (kubi)
  • こころ – heart [as in feelings] (kokoro)
  • こし – waist, hip (koshi)
  • しんぞう心臓 – heart (shinzō)
  • せなか背中 – back (senaka)
  • – blood (chi)
  • にく – meat (niku)
  • はだ – skin (hada)
  • ひふ皮膚 – skin (hifu)
  • ほね – bone (hone)
  • むね – chest (mune)
  • かぜ風邪 – cold [illness] (kaze)
  • げり下痢 – diarrhea (geri)
  • びょうき病気 – illness (byōki)

Family

  • かぞく家族 – family (kazoku)
  • りょうしん両親 – parents (ryoushin)
  • こども子供 – children, child (kodomo)
  • ちち – father (chichi)(«otou-san»)
  • はは – mother (haha)(«okaa-san»)
  • つま – wife (tsuma)
  • おっと – husband (otto)
  • あに – older brother (ani) (onī-san)
  • あね – older sister (ane) (onē-san)
  • おとうと – younger brother (otōto)
  • いもうと – younger sister (imōto)
  • きょうだい兄弟 – brothers, siblings (kyōdai)
  • しまい姉妹 – sisters (shimai)
  • そふ祖父 – grandfather (sofu) (ojii-san)
  • そぼ祖母 – grandmother (sobo) (obaa-san)
  • まご – grandchild (mago)
  • おじ伯父叔父 – uncle (oji) (oji-san)
  • おば伯母叔母 – aunt (oba) (oba-san)
  • いとこ従兄弟従姉妹従兄従弟従姉従妹 – cousin (itoko)
  • めい – niece (mei)
  • おい – nephew (oi)

Life

  • いきもの生き物 – living creatures (ikimono)
  • ばけもの化け物 – monster (bakemono)

Animals

  • どうぶつ動物 – animal (dōbutsu)
  • チーター – cheetah (chītā)
  • いぬ – dog (inu)
  • ねこ – cat (neko)
  • うし – cow (ushi)
  • ぶた – pig (buta)
  • うま – horse (uma)
  • ひつじ – sheep (hitsuji)
  • さる – monkey (saru)
  • ねずみ – mouse, rat (nezumi)
  • とら – tiger (tora)
  • オオカミ – wolf (ōkami)
  • うさぎ – rabbit (usagi)
  • りゅうたつ – dragon (ryū, tatsu)
  • しか鹿 – deer (shika)
  • かえる – frog (kaeru)
  • がま – toad (gama)
  • しし獅子 – lion (shishi)
  • キリン麒麟 – giraffe (kirin)
  • ぞう – elephant ()
  • とり – bird (tori)
  • にわとり – chicken (niwatori)
  • すずめ – sparrow (suzume)
  • からす – crow, raven (karasu)
  • わし – eagle (washi)
  • たか – hawk, falcon (taka)
  • さかな – fish (sakana)
  • たい – red snapper (tai)
  • えび海老 – shrimp, lobster (ebi)
  • いわし – sardine (iwashi)
  • まぐろ – tuna (maguro)
  • かつお – bonito (katsuo)
  • さんま秋刀魚 – pike (sanma)
  • あじ – horse mackerel (aji)
  • さば – mackerel (saba)
  • イカ烏賊 – squid (ika)
  • タコ章魚 – octopus (tako)
  • むし – insect (mushi)
  • ちょう – butterfly (chō)
  • – moth (ga)
  • せみ – cicada (semi)
  • トンボ蜻蛉 – dragonfly (tonbo)
  • バッタ飛蝗 – grasshopper (batta)
  • クモ蜘蛛 – spider (kumo)
  • ホタル – firefly (hotaru)
  • ハエ – housefly (hae)
  • – mosquito, gnat (ka)
  • ゴキブリ蜚蠊 – cockroach (gokiburi)
  • カタツムリ蝸牛 – snail (katatsumuri)
  • ナメクジ蛞蝓 – slug (namekuji)
  • ミミズ蚯蚓 – earthworm (mimizu)
  • かい – shellfish (kai)
  • かいがら貝殻 – shell (kaigara)
  • トカゲ蜥蜴 – lizard (tokage)
  • へび – snake (hebi)
  • くま – bear(kuma)

Plants

  • しょくぶつ植物 — plants (shokubutsu)
  • くさ — grass (kusa)
  • はな — flower (hana)
  • — fruit (mi)
  • — tree (ki)
  • (はっぱ葉っぱ) — leaf (ha, happa)
  • (ねっこ根っ子) — root (ne, nekko)
  • くき — stem (kuki)
  • きのこ — mushroom (kinoko)
  • きく — chrysanthemum (kiku)
  • さくら — cherry blossom (sakura)
  • まつ — pine tree (matsu)
  • うめ — japanese plum or apricot (ume)

Crops

  • こめ – uncooked rice (kome)
  • いね – rice growing in a field (ine)
  • むぎ – wheat, barley, oats (mugi)
  • やさい野菜 – vegetable (yasai)
  • くだもの果物 – fruit for eating (kudamono)
  • いも – yam, potato, taro (imo)
  • まめ – beans, peas (mame)
  • だいこん大根 – Japanese white radish (daikon)
  • にんじん人参 – carrot (ninjin)
  • リンゴ林檎 – apple (ringo)
  • ミカン蜜柑 – mandarin orange (mikan)
  • バナナかんしょう甘蕉 – banana (banana, kanshō)
  • ナシ – pear (nashi)
  • クリ – chestnut tree (kuri)
  • モモ – peach (momo)
  • トマトばんか蕃茄 – tomato (tomato, banka)
  • スイカ西瓜 – watermelon (suika)

Food

  • たべもの食べ物 — food (tabemono)
  • ちょうしょく朝食 — breakfast (chōshoku, asagohan)
  • ひるごはん昼御飯 — lunch (hirugohan)
  • ばんごはん晩御飯 — dinner (bangohan)
  • ごはん御飯 — cooked rice or meal (gohan)
  • みそ味噌 — miso (miso)
  • りょうり料理 — cooking (ryōri)
  • サラダ — salad (sarada)
  • デザート — dessert (dezāto)
  • パン — bread (pan)
  • サンドイッチ — sandwich (sandoitchi)
  • おやつ間食 — snack (oyatsu, kanshoku)
  • アイスクリーム — ice cream (aisukurīmu)
  • たこやきたこ焼き — octopus dumpling (takoyaki)

Drink

  • のみもの飲み物 — drink/beverage (nomimono)
  • ちゃ — tea (cha)
  • おちゃお茶 — green tea (ocha)
  • コーヒー珈琲 — coffee (kōhī)
  • ぎゅうにゅう牛乳 — milk (gyūnyū)
  • みず — water (mizu)
  • ビール — beer (bīru)
  • ワイン — wine (wain)

Seasoning

  • さとう砂糖 — sugar (satō)
  • しお — salt (shio)
  • しょうゆ醤油 — soy sauce (shōyu)

Time

  • じかん時間 – time (jikan)
  • とき – ~hours (toki, ji)
  • こよみカレンダー – calendar (koyomi, karendā)
  • ふん – minute (fun)
  • びょう – second (byō)
  • にち – day (hi, nichi)
  • つきがつ – month (tsuki, gatsu)
  • (# -gatsu / (January,1st Month): Ichi-,Ni-,San-,Shi-,Go-,Roku-,Shichi-,Hachi-,Ku-,Jyu-,JyuIchi-,JyuNi- (December,12th Month)
  • としねん – year (toshi, nen)
  • (Last year: kyonen, this year: kotoshi, next year: rainen)
  • きのうさくじつ昨日 – yesterday (kinō, sakujitsu)
  • きょう今日 – today (kyō)
  • あしたあすみょうにち明日 – tomorrow (ashita, asu, myōnichi)
  • あさ – morning (asa)
  • (Yesterday morning: kinou no asa, this morning: kesa, tomorrow morning: ashita no asa)
  • ひる – afternoon (hiru)
  • ゆうがた夕方 – evening (yūgata)
  • ばん – evening (ban)
  • よる – evening, night (yoru)
  • ようび曜日 – ~day (yōbi)
  • しゅう – week (shū)
  • (Last week: senshū, this week: konshū, next week: raishū)
  • いっしゅうかん一週間 – one week (isshūkan)

Week Days

  • にちようび日曜日 – Sunday (nichi-yōbi)
  • げつようび月曜日 – Monday (getsu-yōbi)
  • かようび火曜日 – Tuesday (ka-yōbi)
  • すいようび水曜日 – Wednesday (sui-yōbi)
  • もくようび木曜日 – Thursday (moku-yōbi)
  • きんようび金曜日 – Friday (kin-yōbi)
  • どようび土曜日 – Saturday (do-yōbi)

Weather

  • たいよう太陽 – sun (taiyō)
  • つき – moon (tsuki)
  • ほし – star (hoshi)
  • てんき天気 – weather (tenki)
  • はれ晴れ – clear weather (hare)
  • あめ – rain (ame)
  • くもり曇り – cloudy (kumori)
  • ゆき – snow (yuki)
  • かぜ – wind (kaze)
  • かみなり – thunder, lightning (kaminari)
  • たいふう台風 – typhoon (taifū)
  • あらし – storm (arashi)
  • そら – sky (sora)

Directions and positions

  • きた – north (kita)
  • ひがし – east (higashi)
  • みなみ – south (minami)
  • にし西 – west (nishi)
  • ここ – here (koko)
  • そこ – there (soko)
  • あそこ – over there (asoko)
  • みぎ – right (migi)
  • ひだり – left (hidari)
  • うえ – above, up (ue)
  • した – below, down (shita)
  • まえ – front (mae)
  • うしろ – behind (ushiro)
  • むこう向こう – the other side, opposite side (mukō)
  • ななめ斜め – diagonal (naname)
  • てまえ手前 – nearer, more in front (temae)
  • とおい遠い – far (tooi)
  • ちかい近い – near, close (chikai)

Materials

  • みず – water (mizu)
  • – hot water (yu)
  • こおり – ice (kōri)
  • ゆげ湯気 – steam (yuge)
  • – fire (hi)
  • ガス – gas (gasu)
  • くうき空気 – air, atmosphere (kūki)
  • つち – earth, ground (tsuchi)
  • きんぞく金属 – metal, metallic (kinzoku)
  • どろ – mud, mire, clay, plaster (doro)
  • けむり – smoke, tobacco, opium (kemuri)
  • てつ – iron [Fe] (tetsu)
  • どう – copper [Cu] ()
  • きん – gold [Au]; money (kin)
  • ぎん – silver [Ag]; wealth (gin)
  • なまり – lead [Pb] (namari)
  • しお – salt [NaCl] (shio)

Weights and measures

  • メートル – meter (mētoru)
  • リットル – litre (rittoru)
  • グラム – gram (guramu)
  • キロ – kilo- (kiro)
  • ミリ – milli- (miri)
  • センチメートルセンチ – centimeter (senchi)
  • インチ – inch (inchi)

Society

  • しゃかい社会 – society (shakai)
  • けいざい経済 – economy, economics (keizai)
  • かいしゃ会社 – company (kaisha)
  • かいぎ会議 – meeting (kaigi)
  • がっこう学校 – school (gakkō)
  • やくしょ役所 – local government office (yakusho)
  • みせ – store (mise)
  • ホテル – hotel (hoteru)
  • こうじょう工場 – factory (kōjō)
  • かね – money (kane, most commonly o-kane)
  • さつ – bill [of money, e.g., a thousand-yen bill] (satsu)
  • こぜに小銭 – small change (kozeni)
  • つりせん釣り銭おつりお釣り – change (tsurisen), change (o-tsuri)
  • じどうはんばいき自動販売機 – vending machine, slot machine (jidōhanbaiki)
  • きっぷ切符 – ticket (public transport, fine) (kippu)
  • きって切手 – stamp (kitte)

Human made objects

Home

  • つくえ – desk (tsukue)
  • いす椅子 – chair, position (isu)
  • たたみ – a tatami mat (tatami)
  • – door, family (to)
  • とびら – door panel (tobira)
  • ドア – door (doa)
  • まど – window (mado)
  • ふとん布団 – futon (futon)
  • げんかん玄関 – entrance (genkan)
  • いえ – house, home (ie)
  • エレベーター – elevator (erebētā)
  • エスカレーター – escalator (esukarētā)
  • でんき電気 – electricity (denki)

Tools

  • くぎ – nail, spike (kugi)
  • ひも – string, cord (himo)
  • なわ – rope, string (nawa)
  • ふくろ – pocket, bag (fukuro)
  • かばん – leather bag (kaban)
  • かさ – umbrella, parasol (kasa)
  • かぎ – door bolt, key (kagi)
  • ちょうこく彫刻 – sculpture, engraving (chōkoku)

Stationery

  • ぶんぼうぐ文房具 – stationery ​(bunbōgu)
  • インク – ink (inku)
  • ペン – pen (pen)
  • ボールペン – ball-point pen (bōrupen)
  • まんねんひつ万年筆 – fountain pen (mannenhitsu)
  • えんぴつ鉛筆 – pencil (enpitsu)
  • ふで – brush for writing or painting (fude)
  • チョーク – chalk (chōku)
  • けしゴム消しゴム – eraser (keshigomu)
  • えんぴつけずり鉛筆削り – pencil sharpener (enpitsu-kezuri)
  • じょうぎ定規 – ruler (jōgi)
  • ノート – notebook (nōto)
  • にっき日記 – diary (nikki)
  • カバー – book cover (kabā)
  • ふうとう封筒 – envelope (fūtō)
  • はさみ – scissors (hasami)
  • ホッチキス – stapler (hotchikisu)

Clothes

  • ふく – clothes (fuku)
  • ようふく洋服 – western clothing (yōfuku)
  • きもの着物 – kimono (kimono)
  • わふく和服 – Japanese clothing (wafuku)
  • そで – sleeve (sode)
  • えり – lapel, collar (eri)
  • ボタン – button (botan)
  • チャックファスナージッパー – zipper, zipper fastener (chakku, fasunā, jippā)
  • ベルト – belt (beruto)
  • くつ – shoe (kutsu)
  • くつした靴下 – sock (kutsushita)
  • めがね眼鏡 – glasses (megane)

Transport

  • てつどう鉄道 – railway (tetsudō)
  • えき – station (eki)
  • ひこうき飛行機 – airplane (hikōki)
  • くうこう空港ひこうじょう飛行場) – airport (kūkō, hikōjō)
  • みち – street, way, road (michi)
  • どうろ道路 – road (dōro)
  • バスていバス停 – bus-stop (basutei)
  • とおり通り – avenue (tōri)
  • でんしゃ電車 – train (densha)
  • くるま (じどうしゃ自動車) – car (kuruma, jidōsha)
  • じてんしゃ自転車 – bicycle (Jitensha)

Language

  • もじ文字 – letter, character, script (moji)
  • – a letter, character (ji)
  • かんじ漢字 – Chinese character (kanji)
  • ひらがな平仮名 – hiragana syllabary characters (hiragana)
  • カタカナ片仮名 – katakana syllabary characters (katakana)
  • すうじ数字 – numbers (sūji)
  • アルファベット – alphabet (arufabetto)
  • ローマ字 – Roman characters, Latin script (rōmaji)
  • がいこくご外国語 – foreign language (gaikokugo)
  • にほんご日本語こくご国語) – Japanese [language] (nihongo)
  • えいご英語 – English [language] (eigo)
  • ちゅうごくご中国語 – Chinese [language] (chūgokugo)
  • どいつごドイツ語 – German [language] (doitsugo)
  • すぺいんごスペイン語 – Spanish [language] (supeingo)
  • ふらんすごフランス語 – French [language] (furansugo)
  • ちょうせんご朝鮮語かんこくご韓国語 – Korean [language], South Korean [language] (chōsengo, kankokugo)

Media

  • ほん – book (hon)
  • かみ – paper (kami)
  • てがみ手紙 – letter (tegami)
  • しんぶん新聞 – newspaper (shinbun)
  • じしょ辞書 – dictionary (jisho)
  • パソコン – personal computer (pasokon)

Colors

  • いろ – color (iro, shikisai)
  • あか – red (aka)
  • きいろ黄色 – yellow (kiiro)
  • みどり – green (midori)
  • あお – blue (ao)
  • むらさき – purple (murasaki, murasakiiro)
  • しろ – white (shiro)
  • くろ – black (kuro)
  • ピンク – pink (pinku)
  • ちゃいろ茶色 – brown (chairo)
  • はいいろ灰色ねずみいろ鼠色 – grey (haiiro, nezumiiro)
  • オレンジ – orange (orenji)

Others

  • – picture (e)
  • おんがく音楽 – music (ongaku)
  • りか理科 – science (rika)
  • さんすう算数 – arithmetic (sansū)
  • れきし歴史 – history (rekishi)
  • ちり地理 – geography (chiri)
  • たいいく体育 – physical education (taiiku)
  • スポーツ – sport (supōtsu)
  • システム – system (shisutemu)
  • じょうほう情報 – information, news (jōhō)
  • ひつよう必要 – necessity (hitsuyō)
  • べんきょう勉強 – study (benkyō)
  • いらい依頼 – request (irai)

Numbers

  • れいゼロ – zero (rei, zero)
  • いち – one (ichi)
  • – two (ni)
  • さん – three (san)
  • よん – four (yon, shi)
  • – five (go)
  • ろく – six (roku)
  • ななしち – seven (nana, shichi)
  • はち – eight (hachi)
  • きゅう – nine (kyū, ku)
  • じゅう – ten ()
  • ひゃく – hundred (hyaku)
  • せん – thousand (sen)
  • まん – ten thousand (man)
  • おく – one hundred million (oku)
  • ひとつ一つ – one, one thing (hitotsu)
  • ふたつ二つ – two, two things (futatsu)
  • みっつ三つ – three, three things (mittsu)
  • よっつ四つ – four, four things (yottsu)
  • いつつ五つ – five, five things (itsutsu)
  • むっつ六つ – six, six things (muttsu)
  • ななつ七つ – seven, seven things (nanatsu)
  • やっつ八つ – eight, eight things (yattsu)
  • ここのつ九つ – nine, nine things (kokonotsu)
  • とお – ten, ten things ()

Abstract nouns

  • これ – this, it (kore)
  • それ – that (sore)
  • あれ – that over there (are)
  • どれ – which (dore)
  • こちらこっち – this direction, thing, person, or place (kochira, kocchi)
  • そちらそっち – that direction, thing, person, or place (sochira, socchi)
  • あちらあっち – that direction, thing, person, or place over there (achira, acchi)
  • どちらどっち – which direction, thing, person, or place (dochira, docchi)
  • ひみつ秘密 – secret (himitsu)
  • じどう自動 – automatic (jidō)
  • ないよう内容 – content (naiyō)
  • はば – width, breadth, free room, difference (between two substances) (haba)
  • せいしき正式 – formality (seishiki)
  • けっこん結婚 – marriage (kekkon)
  • げんざい現在 – now (genzai)
  • いま – now (ima)
  • かこ過去 – past (kako)
  • みらい未来 – future (mirai)

Adjectives

Forms

  • いいよい良い – good (ii, yoi)
  • すごい凄い – amazing (sugoi)
  • すばらしい素晴らしい – wonderful (subarashii)
  • わるい悪い – bad, inferior (warui)
  • たかい高い – expensive, high (takai)
  • ひくい低い – low (hikui)
  • やすい安い – cheap (yasui)
  • おおきい大きい – big (ōkii)
  • ちいさい小さい – small (chiisai)
  • ほそい細い – thin (hosoi)
  • ふとい太い – thick (futoi)
  • ふるい古い – old (furui)
  • あたらしい新しい – new (atarashii)
  • わかい若い – young (wakai)
  • かるい軽い – light, easy (karui)
  • おもい重い – heavy (omoi)
  • やさしい易しい – easy, simple (yasashii)
  • むずかしい難しい – difficult (muzukashii)
  • やわらかい柔らかい – soft (yawarakai)
  • かたい硬い堅い – hard (katai)
  • あつい熱い暑い – hot (atsui)
  • つめたい冷たい – cold (tsumetai)
  • さむい寒い – cold (samui) as in cold weather
  • おいしい美味しい – delicious (oishii)
  • うまい美味い旨い – delicious, appetizing (umai)
  • まずい不味い – tastes awful (mazui)
  • あまい甘い – sweet (amai)
  • からい辛い – hot [spicy] (karai)
  • しょっぱい塩っぱい – salty (shoppai)
  • にがい苦い – bitter (nigai)
  • うつくしい美しい – beautiful (utsukushii)

Feelings

  • うれしい嬉しい – happy (ureshii)
  • たのしい楽しい – fun (tanoshii)
  • かなしい悲しい – sad (kanashii)
  • さびしい寂しい淋しい – lonely (sabishii)
  • さみしい寂しい淋しい — sad, lonely (samishii)
  • こわい怖い恐い – scary (kowai)
  • いたい痛い – painful (itai)
  • かゆい痒い – itchy (kayui)
  • くさい臭い – stinky (kusai)
  • つらい辛い – painful, heart-breaking (tsurai)

Verbs

  • する – to do (suru)
  • やる – to do (yaru)

Existence

  • いる – to exist [for animate objects] (iru)
  • ある – to exist [for inanimate objects] (aru)
  • なる – to become (naru)
  • おこる起こる興る – to occur (okoru)
  • あらわれる現れる – to appear (arawareru)
  • いきる生きる – to live (ikiru)
  • うむ生む産む – to give birth (umu)
  • しぬ死ぬ – to die (shinu)
  • こわれる壊れる – to breakin (kowareru)
in intransitive sense

Movement

  • いく行く – to go (iku)
  • くる来る – to come (kuru)
  • かえる帰る返る – to return (kaeru)
  • あるく歩く – to walk (aruku)
  • とぶ飛ぶ – to jump, to fly (tobu)
  • およぐ泳ぐ – to swim (oyogu)

Actions

  • うごく動く – to movein (ugoku)
  • おどる踊る – to dance (odoru)
  • ねる寝る – to sleep (neru)
  • うたう歌う – to sing (utau)
  • かむ噛む – to bite (kamu)
  • たべる食べる – to eat (taberu)
  • のむ飲む – to drink (nomu)
  • さわる触る – to touch (sawaru)
  • なげる投げる – to throw (nageru)
  • もつ持つ – to hold (motsu)
  • うつ打つ – to hit, to strike (utsu)
  • なぐる殴る – to hit, to strike (naguru)
  • さす指す – to point (sasu)
  • さす刺す – to stab (sasu)
  • さす差す – to raise or extend one’s hands (sasu)
  • ける蹴る – to kick (keru)
  • すわる座る – to sit (suwaru)
  • たつ立つ – to stand (tatsu)
  • はしる走る – to run (hashiru)

Changes of state

  • あく空く – to become unoccupied (aku)
  • こむ込む – to be crowded (komu)
  • いる要る – to need (iru)
  • かわく乾く – to become dry (kawaku)
  • みだす乱す — to disturb, to disarrange (midasu)
  • みだれる乱れる — to be disturbed, to become confused (midareru)
  • つかえる仕える — to serve, to work for (tsukaeru)
  • そなわる備わる — to be furnished with (sonawaru)
  • すぐれる優れる — to excel, to surpass (sugureru)
  • ひえる冷える — to grow cold, to get chilly, to cool down (hieru)
  • さめる覚める — to wake, to become sober, to be disillusioned (sameru)
  • さめる冷める — to cool down (sameru)
  • むく向く — to face, to turn toward (muku)
  • たおれる倒れる — to fall, to collapse (taoreru)
  • かたまる固まる — to harden, to solidify, to become firm (katamaru)
  • うまる埋まる — to be filled, to be surrounded, to overflow (umaru)
  • うもれる埋もれる — to be buried, to be covered (umoreru)
  • ます増す — to increase, to grow (masu)
  • ふえる増える — to increase, to multiply (fueru)
  • へる減る — to decrease (heru)
  • はずれる外れる — to deviate (hazureru)
  • ふとる太る — to grow fat (futoru)
  • はじまる始まる — to begin (hajimaru)
  • おわる終わる — to finish, to close (owaru)
  • きめる決める — to decide (kimeru)

Senses

  • みる見る – to see (miru)
  • きく聞く聴く – to hear, to listen (kiku)
  • さわる触る – to touch, to feel (sawaru)
  • かぐ嗅ぐ – to smell (kagu)

Speech

  • いう言う – to say (iu)
  • はなす話す – to speak (hanasu)
  • かたる語る – to tell (kataru)
  • かく書く – to write (kaku)
  • よむ読む – to read (yomu)

Work

  • つかう使う – to use (tsukau)
  • つくる作る造る創る – to make (tsukuru)
  • なおす直す治す – to fix, repair (naosu)
  • すてる捨てる – to discard, throw away (suteru)
  • とる取る撮る採る – to take (toru)
  • おく置く – to put (oku)

Emotions

  • かなしむ悲しむ哀しむ – to be sad (kanashimu)
  • なく泣く – to cry (naku)
  • わらう笑う – to laugh (warau)
  • おこる怒る – to be angry (okoru)
  • ほめる褒める – to encourage (homeru)
  • しかる叱る – to scold (shikaru)
  • よろこぶ喜ぶ – to celebrate, to be jubilant, to have joy, to have delight, to have rapture (yorokobu)
  • よろこび喜び – joy, delight, rapture (yorokobi)
  • なぐさめる慰める – to console, to consolate, to provide empathy (nagusameru)
  • あきる飽きる – to be disinterested, to be bored, to be tired of, to be weary (akiru)
  • おどろく驚く – to be astonished, to be surprised, to be scared (odoroku)

Activities

  • あう会う – to meet, to interview (au)
  • あける開ける – to opentr, to unwraptr (akeru)
  • あそぶ遊ぶ – to play (asobu)
  • あつまる集まる – to gatherin (atsumaru)
  • うる売る – to sell (uru)
  • える得る – to obtain [some benefit or knowledge] (eru)
  • おる折る – to breaktr, to foldtr (oru)
  • かう買う – to buy (kau)
  • きる切る – to cut (kiru)
  • きる着る – to wear [on the upper body] (kiru)
  • はく履く – to wear [on the lower body] (haku)
  • かえる変える – to changetr (kaeru)
  • かえる代える – to exchange, to substitute, to replace (kaeru)
  • しめる閉める – to closetr (shimeru)
  • しめる締める – to tie, to fasten (shimeru)
  • しめる占める – to comprise, to account for (shimeru)
  • しる知る – to know (shiru)
  • つかれる疲れる – to get tired (tsukareru)
  • でかける出掛ける – to go out, to depart (dekakeru)
  • はたらく働く – to work [e.g., at a job] (hataraku)
  • はなす放す離す – to let go of (hanasu)
  • やすむ休む – to rest, to take a break, to go to bed (yasumu)
  • わかれる分かれる – to split intoin, to be divided (wakareru)
  • わかれる別れる – to partin, to separatein, to break upin (wakareru)
tr transitive sense
in intransitive sense
conjugates as a u-verb

Adverbs

  • もう – already ()
  • まだ – still, yet (mada)
  • ずっと – always (zutto)
  • とても – very (totemo)
  • こう – like this ()
  • そう – like that ()
  • ああ – in that other way (ā)
  • どう – how ()
  • しばしば – often (shibashiba)

Pre-noun adjectival

  • この – this (kono)
  • その – that (sono)
  • あの – that (ano)
  • どの – which (dono)

Interjections

  • はい – yes (hai)
  • いいえ – no (iie)

Conjunctions

  • でも — but (demo)
  • しかし – but, however (shikashi)
  • そして – and then, Then… (soshite)
  • それに – besides (soreni)
  • なぜなら – that is because, being because (nazenara)

Terminations of verbs

  • よう – volitional ending [う for u-verbs, よう for ru-verbs]: «Let’s…» or «I will» (u, )
  • せるさせる – causative ending [せる for u-verbs, させる for ru-verbs]: to make [someone do something], to allow (seru, saseru)
  • れるられる – passive verb ending [れる for u-verbs, られる for ru-verbs]: to be <verbed> [e.g., 食べられる, «to be eaten»] (reru, rareru)
  • そうだ – indicates that it seems the verb occurs [e.g., «It seems he ate»] (sōda)
  • – informal past-tense (ta)
  • たい – indicates desire to perform verb (tai)
  • だろう – indicates that it seems the verb occurs; also used to ask whether the verb occurs (darō)
  • ない – informal negative (nai, n) [ん is a slurred version and sounds a little masculine]
  • – archaic informal negative [«he hath», «thou didst», etc.] (nu)
  • ます – formal non-past ending (masu)

Particles

Case

  • – subject marker, but (ga)
  • – at, by (de)
  • – and, with (to)
  • – indirect object marker (ni)
  • – possession marker, of (no)
  • – to (e) [Note: へ is normally read he, but when used as this particle its reading changes to e]
  • まで – to (made)
  • から – from (kara)
  • より – than (yori)
  • – direct object marker (o)

Conjunctive

  • および及び – and; as well as (oyobi)
  • – whether (ka)
  • かも – might be, possible that (kamo)
  • そして – and then (soshite)
  • それとも – or (soretomo)
  • だの – things like <list of things>, including, such things as (dano)
  • つつ – ongoing occurrence (tsutsu) [similar to ながら but has different tone, and both actions have equal weight]
  • te form of verb or adjective [see explanation]
  • – when, if, that (to)
  • ながら – while, though, both (nagara)
  • ならびに – as well as (narabini)
  • なり – whether or not (nari)
  • – to <somewhere>, by <someone> (ni)
  • – possession (no)
  • ので – so (node)
  • また – also, again (mata)
  • または又は – or alternatively (matawa)
  • – also, too (mo)
  • – and (ya)

Final

  • – emphasis and question marker, equivalent to «right?» (ne)
  • – question marker (ka)
  • – the copula particle used after quasi-adjectives (na)
  • かしら – I wonder (kashira)
  • – -ness (sa)
  • っけ – particle indicating that the speaker is trying to recall some information [«What class is next -kke?»] (-kke)

Adverbial

  • こそ – emphasis (koso)
  • さえ – even (sae)
  • しか – only (shika)
  • すら – even (sura)
  • くらいぐらい – approximately, about (kurai)
  • だけ – only, as much as (dake)
  • だって – however (datte)
  • ったら – casual topic marker (ttara) [colloquial form of to ittara (if you refer to ~; as for ~)
  • って – said that (tte)
  • でも – also, or (demo)
  • どころ – (particle used to indicate that what precedes it is an extreme example and strongly negates it) (dokoro)
  • など – for example (nado)
  • なら – if [for verbs]; subject marker [for nouns] (nara)
  • なんか – casual undervalue, dislike, lack (nanka)
  • なんて – casual undervalue, dislike, lack (nante)
  • – topic marker (wa) [although ha is the hiragana used, wa is the pronunciation)
  • ばかりばっかり – just, full of, only (bakari)
  • まで – until (made)
  • – too, also (mo)

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