The word into is what part of speech

Among the 8 parts of speech, the preposition is one of the most important parts of a sentence. In its simplest sense, the preposition can be regarded as a locator not only of place, but also of time. In order for you to better understand, please refer to the examples provided below.

The jelly beans are in the jar.

The cat is on the roof.

Jake is beside Finn.

All of the blue italicized words (in, on, and beside) above are examples of prepositions which say something about the location (place) of the nouns contained in the sample sentences.

As mentioned earlier, prepositions can also indicate the location in time of nouns or pronouns. Take a look at the sentences below:

• During the summer, I always spend my time playing video games or reading sci-fi books at home.
• At noon, I went to my wife’s office to surprise her.
• In the winter, plants somehow “hibernate” just like animals.

During the summer, at noon, and in the winter describe a particular time (location in time).

What is the Function of Prepositions?

Aside from providing information about the location in place and time, this part of speech usually comes before a noun or a pronoun to describe its relationship to another word or part of the sentence.

Examples:

• I think it’s a vessel for

The italicized word “for” is a preposition which describes the relationship between the words “vessel” and “weapons.”

• The child quickly hid under the thick covers.

The word “under” is a preposition which links the nouns “child” and “covers,” and shows the relationship between the two.

• My kite soared above the building.

In this sample sentence, the preposition “above” shows the relationship between the kite and the building.

What is a Prepositional Phrase?

A prepositional phrase is simply a group of words which contains a preposition at the beginning and a noun or a pronoun at the end. It usually follows this formula:

Preposition + Modifiers (not required) + Noun or Pronoun (object of the preposition)

Some Examples of Prepositional Phrases:

• Above the dark skies

Above= preposition; the and dark= modifiers; skies= noun

• In New York

In= preposition; New York= noun

• From my father

From= preposition; my= modifier; father= noun

Examples of Prepositions

Since there are so many possible relationships and locations in time and place that need to be indicated, there is actually a long list of prepositions that can be used in sentences. Listed below are most common prepositions in the English language:

• on
• off
• up to
• along
• across
• as for
• next
• through
• of
• as
• along with
• apart from
• about
• around
• according to
• against
• after
• to
• up
• within
• in spite of
• at
• out
• behind
• past
• out of
• by means of
• between
• before
• beneath
• beyond
• beside
• during
• except for
• under
• down
• below
• by
• over
• inside
• underneath
• except
• round
• from
• outside
• toward
• without
• in addition to
• in
• into
• until
• unlike
• in back of
• like
• because of
• with
• concerning
• for
• near
• instead of
• in front of
• in
• since
• despite
• on top of
• throughout
• in place of
• onto
• upon

Remember:

(Time)

• The preposition ”at” is used to indicate a specific time. (Example: at 9:30 am)
• In is used for unspecific times during a year, a season, a month, or a day. (Example: in 1984)
• The preposition “on” is used to state the date or the day of the week. (Example: on Saturday)
• In measuring time, whether you are talking about seconds, hours, days, or years, the preposition “for” should be used. (Example: We’ve been together for two years now.)

(Place)

• The preposition ”at” is used to state a specific address. (Example: at Block 22- Lot 71, Dahlia Street, Angeles City)
• In is used for names of countries, cities, towns, villages, states, or continents. (Example: in Sarajevo)
• For names of streets or avenues, the preposition “on” is appropriate to use. (Example: on 24^th Avenue)

Final Thoughts

Aside from the fact that prepositions can make your written works more detailed and compelling, they can also help in making the readers understand the relationships among the various parts of the sentence. With this, it can be said that learning about this word type and knowing how to use it can be a very good way to improve your overall writing style, as well as your grammar in general.

A part of speech is a term used in traditional grammar for one of the nine main categories into which words are classified according to their functions in sentences, such as nouns or verbs. Also known as word classes, these are the building blocks of grammar.

Every sentence you write or speak in English includes words that fall into some of the nine parts of speech. These include nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, articles/determiners, and interjections. (Some sources include only eight parts of speech and leave interjections in their own category.)

Learning the names of the parts of speech probably won’t make you witty, healthy, wealthy, or wise. In fact, learning just the names of the parts of speech won’t even make you a better writer. However, you will gain a basic understanding of sentence structure and the English language by familiarizing yourself with these labels.

Open and Closed Word Classes

The parts of speech are commonly divided into open classes (nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs) and closed classes (pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, articles/determiners, and interjections). The idea is that open classes can be altered and added to as language develops and closed classes are pretty much set in stone. For example, new nouns are created every day, but conjunctions never change.

In contemporary linguistics, the label part of speech has generally been discarded in favor of the term word class or syntactic category. These terms make words easier to qualify objectively based on word construction rather than context. Within word classes, there is the lexical or open class and the function or closed class.

Read about each part of speech below and get started practicing identifying each.

Noun

Nouns are a person, place, thing, or idea. They can take on a myriad of roles in a sentence, from the subject of it all to the object of an action. They are capitalized when they’re the official name of something or someone, called proper nouns in these cases. Examples: pirate, Caribbean, ship, freedom, Captain Jack Sparrow.

Pronoun

Pronouns stand in for nouns in a sentence. They are more generic versions of nouns that refer only to people. Examples:​ I, you, he, she, it, ours, them, who, which, anybody, ourselves.

Verb

Verbs are action words that tell what happens in a sentence. They can also show a sentence subject’s state of being (is, was). Verbs change form based on tense (present, past) and count distinction (singular or plural). Examples: sing, dance, believes, seemed, finish, eat, drink, be, became

Adjective

Adjectives describe nouns and pronouns. They specify which one, how much, what kind, and more. Adjectives allow readers and listeners to use their senses to imagine something more clearly. Examples: hot, lazy, funny, unique, bright, beautiful, poor, smooth.

Adverb

Adverbs describe verbs, adjectives, and even other adverbs. They specify when, where, how, and why something happened and to what extent or how often. Examples: softly, lazily, often, only, hopefully, softly, sometimes.

Preposition

Prepositions show spacial, temporal, and role relations between a noun or pronoun and the other words in a sentence. They come at the start of a prepositional phrase, which contains a preposition and its object. Examples: up, over, against, by, for, into, close to, out of, apart from.

Conjunction

Conjunctions join words, phrases, and clauses in a sentence. There are coordinating, subordinating, and correlative conjunctions. Examples: and, but, or, so, yet, with.

Articles and Determiners

Articles and determiners function like adjectives by modifying nouns, but they are different than adjectives in that they are necessary for a sentence to have proper syntax. Articles and determiners specify and identify nouns, and there are indefinite and definite articles. Examples: articles: a, an, the; determiners: these, that, those, enough, much, few, which, what.

Some traditional grammars have treated articles as a distinct part of speech. Modern grammars, however, more often include articles in the category of determiners, which identify or quantify a noun. Even though they modify nouns like adjectives, articles are different in that they are essential to the proper syntax of a sentence, just as determiners are necessary to convey the meaning of a sentence, while adjectives are optional.

Interjection

Interjections are expressions that can stand on their own or be contained within sentences. These words and phrases often carry strong emotions and convey reactions. Examples: ah, whoops, ouch, yabba dabba do!

How to Determine the Part of Speech

Only interjections (Hooray!) have a habit of standing alone; every other part of speech must be contained within a sentence and some are even required in sentences (nouns and verbs). Other parts of speech come in many varieties and may appear just about anywhere in a sentence.

To know for sure what part of speech a word falls into, look not only at the word itself but also at its meaning, position, and use in a sentence.

For example, in the first sentence below, work functions as a noun; in the second sentence, a verb; and in the third sentence, an adjective:

• Bosco showed up for work two hours late.
  • The noun work is the thing Bosco shows up for.
• He will have to work until midnight.
  • The verb work is the action he must perform.
• His work permit expires next month.
  • The attributive noun [or converted adjective] work modifies the noun permit.

Learning the names and uses of the basic parts of speech is just one way to understand how sentences are constructed.

Dissecting Basic Sentences

To form a basic complete sentence, you only need two elements: a noun (or pronoun standing in for a noun) and a verb. The noun acts as a subject and the verb, by telling what action the subject is taking, acts as the predicate. 

• Birds fly.

In the short sentence above, birds is the noun and fly is the verb. The sentence makes sense and gets the point across.

You can have a sentence with just one word without breaking any sentence formation rules. The short sentence below is complete because it’s a command to an understood «you».

• Go!

Here, the pronoun, standing in for a noun, is implied and acts as the subject. The sentence is really saying, «(You) go!»

Constructing More Complex Sentences

Use more parts of speech to add additional information about what’s happening in a sentence to make it more complex. Take the first sentence from above, for example, and incorporate more information about how and why birds fly.

• Birds fly when migrating before winter.

Birds and fly remain the noun and the verb, but now there is more description. 

When is an adverb that modifies the verb fly. The word before is a little tricky because it can be either a conjunction, preposition, or adverb depending on the context. In this case, it’s a preposition because it’s followed by a noun. This preposition begins an adverbial phrase of time (before winter) that answers the question of when the birds migrate. Before is not a conjunction because it does not connect two clauses.

The
parts of speech
are classes
of words,
all the members of these classes having certain characteristics in
common which distinguish them from the members of other classesThe
problem of word classification into parts of speech still remains one
of the most controversial problems in modern linguistics. There are
four approaches to the problem:

1. Classical
   (logical-inflectional)

2. Functional

3. Distributional

4. Complex

1)Theclassical
parts
of speech theory goes back to ancient times. It is based on Latin
grammar. According to the Latin classification of the parts of speech
all words were divided dichotomically into declinable
and
indeclinable
parts
of speech. This system was reproduced in the earliest English
grammars. The first of these groups, declinable words, included
nouns, pronouns, verbs and participles, the second – indeclinable
words – adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions and interjections. it
cannot be applied to the English language because the principle of
declinability/indeclinability is not relevant for analytical
languages.2)
new approach to the problem was introduced in the 19 century by Henry
Sweet.
He took into account the peculiarities of the English language. This
approach may be defined as 2)functional.
He resorted to the functional features of words and singled out
nominative
units
and particles.
To nominative
parts of speech belonged noun-words
(noun, noun-pronoun, noun-numeral, infinitive, gerund),
adjective-words
(adjective, adjective-pronoun, adjective-numeral, participles), verb
(finite verb, verbals – gerund, infinitive, participles), while
adverb,
preposition,
conjunction
and interjection
belonged to the group of particles.3)
A distributional
approach
to the parts of speech classification can be illustrated by the
classification introduced by Charles
Fries.
He established a classification of words based on distributive
analysis,
that is, the
ability of words to combine with other words of different types.
At the same time, the lexical meaning of words was not taken into
account. . In this way, he introduced four major classes
of words
and 15 form-classes.

It
turned out that his four classes of words were practically the same
as traditional nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs. What is really
valuable in Charles Fries’ classification is his investigation of
15 groups of function words (form-classes) because he was the first
linguist to pay attention to some of their peculiarities.

In
modern linguistics, parts of speech are discriminated according to
three criteria: semantic, formal and functional. This approach may be
defined as complex.
The semantic
criterion presupposes the grammatical meaning of the whole class of
words (general grammatical meaning). 4)The
formal
criterion
reveals paradigmatic properties: relevant grammatical categories, the
form of the words, their specific inflectional and derivational
features. The functional
criterion
concerns the syntactic function of words in the sentence and their
combinability. Thus, when characterizing any part of speech we are to
describe: a) its semantics; b) its morphological features; c) its
syntactic peculiarities.

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