The word google has many uses it is an adjective ответы - Word и Excel - помощь в работе с программами

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The writers of a new edition of a dictionary have used it as a verb. They list «google» as a verb. It means to search the Internet. This makes terms like «google me» part of the English language. A person could say «I wanted to know more about volcanoes so I googled it.» «Google» is now an official part of the English language. The dictionary’s editors say that this just means that the public has adopted the term.

«Google» is one of 100 new words that were included in the new dictionary. Many other words are based on technology. «Mouse potato» is someone who spends a lot of time in front of a computer. «Ringtone» is the sound of a cell phone ringing.

Many new technology words have become common. We use them every day and don’t even think about them.

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The word “google” has many uses. It is an adjective, used to describe very large numbers. It is also a proper noun. “Google” is the name of a popular Internet search engine. It also has a new meaning. The writers of a new edition of a dictionary have used it as a verb. They list «google» as a verb. It means to search the Internet. This makes terms like «google me» part of the English language. A person could say «I wanted to know more about volcanoes so I googled it.» «Google» is now an official part of the English language. The dictionary’s editors say that this just means that the public has adopted the term. «Google» is one of 100 new words that were included in the new dictionary. Many other words are based on technology. «Mouse potato» is someone who spends a lot of time in front of a computer. «Ringtone» is the sound of a cell phone ringing. Many new technology words have become common. We use them every day and don’t even think about them.

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Các từ «google» có nhiều công dụng. Nó là một tính từ, được sử dụng để mô tả số lượng rất lớn. Nó cũng là một danh từ thích hợp. «Google» là tên của một công cụ tìm kiếm Internet phổ biến. Nó cũng có một ý nghĩa mới. Các tác giả của một ấn bản mới của một từ điển đã sử dụng nó như một động từ. Họ liệt kê «google» như là một động từ. Nó có nghĩa là để tìm kiếm trên Internet. Điều này làm cho những thuật ngữ như «google tôi» một phần của ngôn ngữ tiếng Anh. Một người có thể nói «Tôi muốn biết thêm về núi lửa nên tôi googled nó.» «Google» là một phần chính thức của ngôn ngữ tiếng Anh. Các biên tập viên của từ điển nói rằng điều này chỉ có nghĩa là công chúng đã chấp nhận thời hạn. «Google» là một trong 100 từ mới được đưa vào từ điển mới. Nhiều từ khác đều dựa trên công nghệ. «Chuột khoai tây» là người dành nhiều thời gian ở phía trước của một máy tính. «Ringtone» là âm thanh của một tiếng chuông điện thoại di động. Rất nhiều từ công nghệ mới đã trở nên phổ biến. Chúng tôi sử dụng chúng mỗi ngày và thậm chí không nghĩ về chúng.

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教育対応が出来ない状態だったので
我陪你去疯
折纸飞机碰到雨天终究会坠落
lí trí
shower
Tmr they will call you
trăn lớn nhất thế giới, được tìm thấy tr
this law said that these children
64100:37:47,552 —> 00:37:52,122Eles lhe
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early this moring , children are decidin
why are you allowing people to deceive y
Children photo feeling happy
Nếu tôi nói thích bạn là nói dối thì có
Louisiana State Police announced last we
Cấp trên chỉ bảo rất nhiệt tình quan tâm
can you see my long legs?
Effortless EnglishCarlos buys a new car.
64100:37:47,552 —> 00:37:52,122Eles lhe
rồ ga
64100:37:47,552 —> 00:37:52,122Eles lhe
election
Our company estimated budget for the fil
Trồng

Источник

Раздел З. Грамматика и лексика

Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами ВЗ — В9 так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию ВЗ — В9.

The word «google» has many uses.

It is an adjective,_____to describe very large numbers. It is also a proper noun. «Google» is the name of a popular Internet search engine.	B3 USE
It also_____a new meaning. The writers of a new edition of a dictionary have listed «google» as a verb.	B4 HAVE
It_____to search the Internet. This makes terms like «google me» part of the English language. If you want to know more	B5 MEAN
about volcanoes you_____it. «Google» is now an official part of the English language. The dictionary’s editors say that this	B6 GQOGLE
just means that the public_____the term.	B7 ADOPT
«Google» is one of 100 new words that_____in the new dictionary. Many other words are based on technology. «Mouse potato» is someone who spends a lot of time in front of a computer. «Ringtone» is the sound of a cell phone ringing. Many new technology words have become common.	B8 INCLUDE
We use them every day and_____(even) about them.	B9 NOT THINK

Прочитайте текст Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В10 — В14 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию В10 — В14.

Russia and the United States decided to stop being enemies. Each side stopped making bombs.

The U.S. no_____tests nuclear weapons. There is not enough money to support making nuclear weapons. But the piles of nuclear weapons are still around.	B10 LONG
They need to be watched over to keep them_____safe.	B11 ABSOLUTE
The _____________ who made the bombs still have a lot	B12 INVENT
of their research_____. They did not want to get rid of it. The nation’s nuclear weapons labs	B13 INFORM
are trying to save that_____. By having so many large bombs, the countries who had them did not want to use them. All of the bombs would destroy everyone on Earth.	B14 KNOW

Раздел 4. Письмо

Для ответа на задание С1 используйте отдельный чистый лист. При выполнении задания С1 особое внимание обратите на то, что ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным на отдельном листе. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. При заполнении бланка ответов №2 вы указываете сначала номер задания С1, а потом пишите свой ответ

You have 30 minutes to do this task. You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend Jane.

… Thanks a lot for your congratulations on my birthday!

Guess what I’ve been gifted with a kitten on my birthday! I’ve dreamt of it so long! And now I’m so happy! This is my first pet. I know you have got a parrot. Have you got any other pets? Have you ever had a cat?

Probably you can give me some advice how to take care of my kitten.

Hope to hear from you soon.

Jane

Write her a letter and answer the questions. Write 80 — 100 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.

Раздел 5. Говорение

Вы получите карточку, на которой представлены два задания для устного ответа: С2 — тематическое монологическое высказывание, СЗ — диалог-расспрос. Окончание выполнения каждого задания определяет экзаменатор. Во время проведения этой части экзамена идет постоянная аудиозапись вашего ответа.

Задания для экзаменуемого

C2 Student card

Task 1 (2-3 minutes)

Give a 1,5-2 minute talk about your daily routine.

Remember to say:

— what time you get up and go to bed

— how long it takes you to do your homework

— how you prefer to spend your spare time

You have to talk for 1,5-2 minutes. The examiner will listen until you have finished. Then she/he will ask you some questions.

C3 Student card

Task 2 (2-3 minutes)

This is your first visit to Japan. You are at the station. You want to go to the Tokyo Tower by train.

Ask a passing woman/man

— what to begin your trip with

— how often the trains come around this time of day

— where to get off.

You start the conversation. The examiner will play the part of the passing woman/man.

Remember to:

— be active and polite

— ask the questions and find out all the information you need

— give thanks.

VARIANT 3 Раздел 1 Аудирование

Во время выполнения теста по аудированию перед каждым заданием дана пауза с тем, чтобы вы смогли просмотреть вопросы к заданию, а также паузы после первичного и повторного предъявления аудиотекста для внесения ответов. По окончании выполнения всех заданий по аудированию (В1, А1 — А4) перенесите свои ответы в бланк ответов.

Вы услышите 5 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего 1 — 5 и утверждениями, данными в списке A — F. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей буквой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите каждую аудиозапись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

The speaker says that

A. he is going to have some rest.

B. he misses his parents.

C. he is leaving his home.

D. he sets a good example.

E. he lacks exercise.

F. he has a sick day.

Говорящий	1	2	3	4	5
Утверждение

Вы услышите, как Джерри советуется со своим китайским другом по поводу путешествия на Великую китайскую стену. Определите, какие из приведенных утверждений А1 — А4 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

Al Going to the Great Wall with a group tour is cheaper than going on your own. l)True2) False 3) Not stated

A2 You can get the Great Wall by minibus number 919. l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

A3 Fay visited the Great Wall last summer. 1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A4 It was very tiresome for Fay to climb the Great Wall l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

Раздел 2. Чтение

B2 Прочитайте текст. Установите соответствие между заголовками А — F и пронумерованными абзацами текста 1 — 5. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.

A. Disappeared people

B. Depending on the weather

C. Organizing people in case of emergency

D. A dangerous street accident

E. Protection from flood

F. Emergency exits are to be done.

1. It took many hours for workers to shut the water off when a large water pipe broke. Water gushed out of it. The streets flooded. The water pipe that broke was underground. The pressure from the water coming out of the pipe broke the street. The street fell into a huge hole. This break caused a lot of damage. One woman’s car flooded. It had four inches of water in it. There was a lot of work to be done.

2. Firefighters hope to have control of a big fire by Friday. It has already burned a lot of land. Firefighters worked all night, their hard work saved a lot of land. Now firefighters are getting worried. The wind is starting to blow. They think that the winds could fan the flames again. When wind fans a flame, it helps the fire grow. This would be very bad. The firefighters are hoping that the winds do not get any stronger.

3. There was a fire that burned a house down. The local police are trying to find out how it started. There was a man and three children who are missing. No one knows what happened to them. The mother of the missing children could not find them. She did not know if they were in the home before it burned. She has not seen the father or her children since the fire. The police are not sure how the fire started. There is nothing that shows that the fire was started on purpose but the police want to make sure.

4. In spring, heavy rains and melting snow add a lot of water to the lake behind Folsom Dam. People believe too much water could breach the dam. Then the dam might break and flood the towns below the lake. A flood would be very dangerous for the people who live near the dam. They need to find a solution and a way to keep the nearby towns safe. Senator Deborah Ortiz has an idea that might help. She wants to ask the State of California for funds to make the Folsom Dam seven feet taller.

5. Mr. Baldwin believes the way California handles disasters is a good one. People need to know when there is an emergency. They need to be warned. People can be given warnings over the radio. They are also warned over the television. Mr. Baldwin also says that more work needs to be done in an emergency. One thing he is worried about is how to evacuate people from towns. People need to know where to go if they have to leave their homes.

Текст	1	2	3	4	5
Утверждение

Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из утверждений AS — А8 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated).

Pen pals, we know, come in all shapes and sizes; and best of all, can be all ages! One of the beautiful things about having pen pals is that you can get to know someone perhaps a great deal older (or younger) than yourself, someone who likes some of the same things you do and who you might never otherwise get to know.

My first pen pal, when I was about ten years old, was a distant cousin who lived in Michigan. My family visited her one summer and as Pat was close in age to me we exchanged addresses and began writing our first letters.

Then in high school, a teacher asked if any of us would like to have a Vietnamese pen pal. My new pen pal’s family was political refugees from Vietnam. She attended a Catholic girl’s school in New York, run by the same order of nuns who taught at my high school. Nam Hai and I corresponded until graduation. I often wonder what happened to her after that; I lost track of many people after getting married and moving to West Virginia in 1960.

The move provided many new people to correspond with; my parents, childhood girlfriends, siblings, and former classmates. But it wasn’t the same as having a pen pal.

Then other pen pals came into my life. One of them was Betsy. When my children and I went to Ohio for summer vacations, Betsy and her husband drove south from their home in Michigan to take my children and me for a week’s vacation at their home. We spent a glorious week. A few years later, Betsy and her husband, along with their children, would pay us a visit in West Virginia.

Then I became acquainted with Eileen, who lives in Australia. Now there’s an interesting story about my introduction to Eileen and her family. I had actually written a letter to another woman in Australia, someone named Margaret, whose letter was published in Women’s Circle, requesting pen pals. Margaret received such a flood of letters that she didn’t know quite what to do; so she took stacks of them to her tennis club, spread them out on a table, and invited anyone interested in «An American pen friend» to help themselves. Eileen chose my letter because we both had husbands named Jim and sons named Steve. That initiated our friendship.

A5 The author’s cousin was much older than her. 1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A6 The author stopped corresponding with many of her pen pals after getting married and moving to West Virginia. l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

A7 Betsy visited the author three times. 1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A8 Eileen chose the author’s letter because they had much in common with their families.

l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

Раздел З. Грамматика и лексика

Amusing Musicians

A band of birds is ________ electric guitars and cymbals in a walk through area of the arts center. This is part of an art installation in London’s Barbican Center that’s become a musical sensation. «This art gallery is exceptional,» says the director of the gallery.	B3 PLAY
«We thought it_____lots of people but it’s exceeded our expectations in that way»	B4 ATTRACT
Only 25 people at a time _____in. Some wait quite a while before getting into the small exhibition space. The entrance is dark, with projections of electric guitars on the walls. The space then opens up and birds flutter between man-made islands, tapping on guitars and	B5 ALLOW
upturned cymbals,_____music of a sort. The director says there are rules.	B6 PRODUCE
the birds, because they are on a very strict,healthy diet,» the director warns. «The 40 birds here are regularly checked by animal specialists to make sure they’re healthy.»	B7 NOT FEED
Musician Bobby Gillespie_____about it from his colleagues.	B8 HEAR
«I think the birds are probably_____musicians than most musicians»	B9 GOOD

Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В10 — В14 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию В10 — В14

Seven ______from around the world have received the Goldman Environmental Prize for 2009. Marc Ona Essangui won from Africa. Mister Ona heads two environmental organizations in Gabon.	B10 ACTIVE
He has worked to make known the unlawful_____ behind a huge Chinese mining project. The project threatens Gabon’s rainforests. Mister Ona has faced threats of arrest and prison for his efforts. Maria Gunnoe won from North America. She works with a coalition to organize neighborhood groups to fight	B11 AGREE
environmentally_____activities by coal companies.	B12 HARM
She has had to take_____measures to protect her family from threats. Rizwana Hasan from Asia is an environmental lawyer from Bangladesh. She worked to make the public aware of the dangers of the ship-breaking industry.	B13 SECURE
Ships no_____in use contain dangerous materials which can be released into the environment when they are taken apart. Her efforts have led to stronger environmental rules governing the ship-breaking industry.	B14 LONG

Раздел 4. Письмо

Для ответа на задание С1 используйте отдельный чистый лист. При выполнении задания С1 особое внимание обратите на то, что ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным на отдельном листе. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. При заполнении бланка ответов №2 вы указываете сначала номер задания С1, а потом пишите свой ответ

С1 You have 30 minutes to do this task. You have received a letter from your

English-speaking pen friend Lisa.

… I’m so impressed! Last weekend our class visited Madame Tussauds Wax Museum. It was my first visit and I will go there again with great pleasure. It would be wonderful if you could come to London to see it with me! The museum displays a large collection of famous figures from world history along with the latest Hollywood celebrities. They are so true to life! I’ve taken lots of pictures. … What was the last museum you visited? Did you like it? Lisa.

Write her a letter and answer the questions.

Write 80—100 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.

Раздел 5. Говорение

Задания для экзаменуемого

C2 Student card

Task 1 (2-3 minutes) Give a 1,5—2 minute talk about the last film you saw in the cinema.

Remember to say:

— what the film was about.

— whether you liked/disliked it and why.

— how much the ticket cost.

You have to talk for 1,5-2 minutes. The examiner will listen until you have finished. Then she/he will ask you some questions.

C3 Student card Task 2 (2-3 minutes)

Imagine that you and your friend are in the British Museum. You are trying to decide which hall to begin with — the hall devoted to Ancient Egypt, the picture gallery, the exhibition of ancient books or the anthropological hall.

In the conversation you should

— express your opinion on what to see first and give your reasons.

— ask your friend’s opinion.

— agree/disagree with it.

— suggest another variant.

Don’t suggest the exhibition of ancient books as a place to see first. You start the conversation. The examiner will play the part of your friend.

Remember to:

— be active and polite

— make a decision to satisfy both of you.

VARIANT 4 Раздел 1. Аудирование

Во время выполнения теста по аудированию перед каждым заданием дана пауза с тем, чтобы вы смогли просмотреть вопросы к заданию, а также паузы после первичного и повторного предъявления аудиотекста для внесения ответов. По окончании выполнения всех заданий по аудированию (В 1, А1 — А4) перенесите свои ответы в бланк ответов.

Вы услышите 5 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего 1 — 5 и утверждениями, данными в списке А — F. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей буквой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите каждую аудиозапись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

The speaker talks about

A. the importance of a good impression.

B. how to behave.

C. what to wear.

D. the things you may need.

E. how to compile a vitae.

F. how to remind of yourself.

Говорящий	1	2	3	4	5
Утверждение

Вы услышите о том, как Джерри планирует провести отпуск в Китае. Определите, какие из приведенных утверждений А1 — А4 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

Al Jerry wants to go to Guizhou because it’s a very popular tourist sight 1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A2 There are beautiful lakes in Guizhou. l) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A3 Jeny is going to try some national foods and drinks. 1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A4 Jeny is going to stay at a hotel. l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

Раздел 2. Чтение

Прочитайте текст. Установите соответствие между заголовками А — F и пронумерованными абзацами текста 1 — 5. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.

A. Real help for the homeless

B. Some problems of the homeless С Sale of a house

D. A chance to buy a house

E. Homeless people

F. Home prices

1. Owning a home is a dream for a lot of people. Many people want to be able to buy their own home. Many families live in homes all over the world. Since homes are large, they cost a lot of money. Most people cannot pay all of the money for a house at one time. They need to pay some money each month. In California, the price of a house has gone up. In just the past year, the prices have risen and are continuing to go up.

2. There is a problem in many countries. The problem is that many people don’t have places to live. Sometimes people lose their job and can’t afford to pay rent. Some are teenagers who ran away from home. They often sleep in their cars or in public places. Sometimes they sleep in parks or under bridges. They beg for money on the streets. The country does not like having homeless people living on the streets.

3. Being homeless can be harmful to a person’s health. It is not healthy to live on the street. Some cities provide shelters for these people. But the shelters are usually very crowded. Sometimes the shelters are not safe. Homeless people are often sick. In shelters, they can spread their illness to others. Shelters can provide beds, but they can’t meet all the needs of the homeless people. The homeless often have many other problems. Some homeless people have mental illness. Some are addicted to drugs. Some are alcoholics. Some have lost their families.

4. In one city a plan has been developed to end the problem of homelessness. The city will provide stable housing. Clean, safe apartments will be rented to homeless people. Then the homeless won’t have to live in crowded shelters. No one will be denied an apartment. Some services will help them find a job. Classes will teach them special skills, and how to keep their job. The plan will also provide mental health services. This will help the clients become healthy enough to live a normal life.

5. When a family does not have very much money, it is hard for them to buy a house. There is a company that helps people get a house to live in. Part of the deal is that the family helps to build the house. This helps to keep the cost of the house down. One man is building a house with three bedrooms and two bathrooms. He always wanted a house for his family. The company helps to pay for the supplies. It also helps to pay for the land. The family then pays back the money later.

Текст	1	2	3	4	5
Утверждение

Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из утверждений А5 — А8 соответствуют содержанию текста

(1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated).

Dick and Matcham went to the door of the hut and opened it. Hugh, the ferryman, greeted Dick whom he had known since his childhood and stared at Matcham.

«Good day, old ferryman,» said Matcham. «Please give us your boat — we are in a hurry.» The ferryman grumblingly went to the bank and pushed his boat into the river. Then Dick led in the horse, and Matcham followed. In the river there were many islands covered with willows. Rowing across the river Hugh told Dick to threaten him with his gun, for he was afraid of the outlaw John Fenne and his men, who were probably hiding in the willows. He said they would kill him if they saw that he was willingly helping any friends of Sir Daniel, their enemy. «I can help you, master,» he said, «if it seems that I do it out of fear.»

In spite of Dick’s protest Hugh brought the boat to the bank among the willows, far from the path. Suddenly they heard a shout from one of the islands in the river and the sound of breaking branches, as if somebody was running through the wood. «That is John Fenne himself, probably,» cried Hugh.

«Threaten me with your gun, good Dick. I have tried to save your life, now save mine.» Dick had no time to answer, when the boat ran into a thicket of willows with a crash. Matcham, pale, but calm, jumped out; Dick tried to lead the horse out of the boat, but couldn’t get through the thicket with the animal.

A tall man appeared on the bank of one of the islands with a gun in his hand. He shot Dick’s horse, and when falling the poor animal upset the boat. Dick fell into the water. (By R. L. Stevenson)

A5 The ferryman had known Dick since he was a boy. l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

A6 Dick threatened the ferryman with his gun in order to get the boat l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

A7 They heard a shout of John Fenne from one of the islands. 1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A8 Dick’s horse was shot by a tall man. I) True 2) False 3) Not stated

Раздел З. Грамматика и лексика

Прочитайте текст Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами ВЗ — В9 так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию ВЗ — В9.

Pam is a 42 year-old mother of two teenage children. She has smoked almost two packs of cigarettes a day for over 25 years. Her kids have asked her to quit many times.

Two years ago she_____ smoking outside. She knew second-hand smoke was not good for her children. She also knew smoking was not good for her own health,	B3 START
but she_____ready to quit.	B4 NOT BE
Two months ago Pam’s daughter_____home from school with a brochure from the American Cancer Society. This information changed Pam’s outlook on smoking. She decided to consult her doctor. The doctor approved her decision.	B5 COME
He said «If you give up smoking it_____your health considerably». Pam learnt a lot of interesting information.	B6 IMPROVE
For example, the doctor said that her lungs_____ healthier and cleaner.	B7 BECOME
Now Pam_____much better. She jogs every morning.	B8 FEEL
She ________ .	B9 NOT SMOKE

Прочитайте текст Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В10 — В14 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию В10 — В14.

Children are curious. Sometimes, they are too curious! This can lead to injuries. Many childhood injuries can be avoided if adults

are_____and know how to keep kids safe.	B10 CARE
Here are some important things to know about_____. Always make sure children are safe in a car by having them ride in a car seat.	B11 SAFE
_________ children should always wear a seat belt when they are a passenger. Be a good example to your child by always wearing your seatbelt.	B12 OLD
Install smoke_____in your home. They make a loud noise if smoke is present in the air. Make sure your children know what the sound means.	B13 DETECT
Talk to_____about what to do in case of a fire.	B14 THEY

Раздел 4. Письмо

С1

You have 30 minutes to do this task. You have received a letter from your German pen friend Marta who is learning English.

… know you have been learning English for about five years. I started to learn it just a year ago as my second foreign language. So I think you are more competent in English than I am. Yesterday I read a book and could not understand some sentences. Could you explain what the following sentences mean — «It was raining cats and dogs» and «He had a sweet tooth».

Write her a letter and answer the questions.

Write 80—100 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.

Раздел 5. Говорение

Задания для экзаменуемого

С2 Student card

Task 1 (2-3 minutes) Give a 1,5—2 minute talk about the weather and your favourite season.

Remember to:

— give a brief characteristic of each season.

— say which season you like best and why.

— say if weather changes influence your mood.

You have to talk for 1,5—2 minutes. The examiner will listen until you have finished. Then she/he will ask you some questions.

С3 Student card

Task 2 (2-3 minutes)

You’ve just arrived from Moscow at Gatwick airport. You can’t find your luggage.

Ask an airport officer what to do. Remember to

— say your name and the flight number.

— ask when and where you can get your luggage.

— say where you are going to stay (the address of the hotel).

— ask what documents you need to get the luggage.

You start the conversation. The examiner will play the part of the airport officer.

Remember to:

— be active and polite

— ask the questions and find out all the information you need.

— thank the airport officer for his/her help.

VARIANT 5 Раздел 1. Аудирование

Во время выполнения теста по аудированию перед каждым заданием дана пауза с тем, чтобы вы смогли просмотреть вопросы к заданию, а также паузы после первичного и повторного предъявления аудиотекста для внесения ответов. По окончании выполнения всех заданий по аудированию (В 1, А1 — А4) перенесите свои ответы в бланк ответов.

A. Novels are good for improving language skills.

B. Novels make my life more exciting.

C. Novels teach me how to act in certain situations.

D. Novels are a good subject of conversation.

E. Novels increase my knowledge of other countries

F. Novels allow me to travel through time.

Говорящий	1	2	3	4	5
Утверждение

Определите, какие из приведенных утверждений А1 — А4 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

А1

Alice is visiting London 1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

She likes the weather. l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

The hottest recorded temperature was in 1999 in Cheltenham l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

Alice likes when it is raining. l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

Раздел 2. Чтение

A. First Truly Pirate Ship.

B. Legendary Figure of His Time С Fearsome Reputation

D. Love and Glory

E. Remarkable Finds

F. Pirates of the Caribbean

1. The recent discovery of the wreck of an old ship on the ocean floor near the coast of North Carolina has revived interest in the colorful character of the ship’s last captain. The ship is the Queen Anne’s Revenge, which sank in 1718. Her captain was called Blackbeard, whose real name was Edward Teach. He had been a sailor on British ships in the Caribbean during Queen Anne’s War (1702-1713). These ships often attacked French and Spanish ships in the region and kept a percentage of whatever they captured from these enemies of the queen.

2. All this changed in 1713 when the European powers declared peace and the war ended. Teach and other sailors had to choose between returning to unemployment in Britain or continuing to do what they knew best, only as pirates. They started as small bands in small boats, attacking and robbing merchant ships. Soon they took control over larger ships in and near the Caribbean.

3. When they captured a large French ship, which they renamed Queen Anne’s Revenge, Blackbeard and his crew finally had a true pirate ship, 80 feet long, with three masts and more than three dozen cannons. Blackbeard soon learned that a fearsome reputation, a pirate flag and some warning shots from his cannons were all that he needed to stop most ships without a fight.

4. In those days, Blackbeard is described as a ‘demon from heir, with a huge black beard and who carried several guns and swords in belts slung across both shoulders.

5. Blackbeard’s reign of terror lasted until 1718 when he was killed in a sea battle with two British ships which had been sent to put an end to piracy in the region. After his death, Blackbeard became a romantic figure and stories about his daring adventures and tales of secretly buried treasure helped to create the popular image of pirates we still have today.

Текст	1	2	3	4	5
Утверждение

Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из утверждений А5 — А8 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated).

Although modern football began in nineteenth-century England, the English didn’t invent football: they simply gave it rules. Human beings have always liked kicking round objects. Two and a half thousand years ago the Chinese played a game called Tsu-Chu, which means ‘to kick a ball made of leather with the feet’.

A Roman stone carving from Yugoslavia, from around the year 200 AD, shows a man holding a type of football and the Greeks are known to have played a game called episkyros. Although the details are unknown, it’s certain that these games were all played by two teams.

There are records of football being played in the twelfth century on the streets of London. King Edward II stopped it in 1314, saying, ‘There is a great noise in the city caused by fighting overjarge balls’. By the sixteenth century it had become very dangerous. Most games were played in villages with as many as 500 people in each team. They played from midday until sunset.

By the nineteenth century only the rich private schools were playing football. Each had its own set of rules which made games between schools impossible. In 1862 a set the rules was written down — five of these are in use today. The first competition cup, the Football Association Cup, was started in 1872. League football began in 1888 and teams formed all over England, involving everyone, not just the rich. By 1900 English sailors had taken the game to other countries. In 1930 the first World Cup match was played: it was won by Uruguay. (England didn’t enter until 1950). Now the World Cup is the focus of football. The final match is watched on TV by almost half of the world’s population. Football is certainly the world’s most popular sport. (From «Catch»)

A5 Tsu Chu was a Chinese football. l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

A6 King Edward II stopped the game in 1314 because of its unpopularity. l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

A7 Later kings also stopped the game without success. l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

A8 The winner of the first World Cup match was from South America. l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

Раздел 3, Грамматика и лексика

Once he came to the United States to give_____.	В3 CONCERT
One day when he_____to New York and	В4 DRIVE
his car_____down. It was near the farm and he asked the farmer to help him to repair the car.	В5 BREAK
When the car_____Caruso paid the farmer for his work and gave him his photograph with his name on it. The farmer read the name on the photograph and cried out,	В6 REPAIR
«What a luck! I_____never_____of receiving	В7 DREAM
the_____traveller Robinson Crusoe	В8 GREAT
in ___________ house!»	В9 I

Прочитайте текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В10 — В14 так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию В10 — В14.

A Good Beginning

In 1833 Dickens had a number of papers published under the title Sketches by Boz,

but only in 1836 he_____became famous.	В10 SUDDEN
A firm_____had some pictures by	В11 PUBLISH
a ________artist, Seymour. They wanted to get some short articles,	В12 HUMOUR
_____them. Someone suggested giving this job to the young newspaper reporter Charles Dickens. He took the offer and asked a rather free hand in the writing than	В13 ILLUSTRATE
it had been_____planned. So Pickwick Papers came into being.	В14 ORIGINAL

Раздел 4. Письмо

С1 You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend Mary who writes:

… Last month I went to London with my classmates. All the excursions were very interesting. We saw the British Museum, Buckingham Palace and other sights of London. I didn’t like the hotel. It was noisy and the food was awful. But in spite of it we enjoyed our holiday very much.

Have you ever been to England? What other countries have you been to? What can a tourist see in Russia?

Write a letter to Mary. In your letter answer her 3 questions.

Write her a letter and answer the questions.

Write 80 — 100 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.

Раздел 5. Говорение

Вы получите карточку, на которой представлены два задания для устного ответа: С2 —

Источник

Раздел 1. Аудирование

Во время выполнения теста по аудированию перед каждым заданием дана пауза с тем, чтобы вы смогли просмотреть вопросы к заданию, а также паузы после первичного и повторного предъявления аудиотекста для внесения ответов. По окончании выполнения всех заданий по аудированию (В1, А1 — А4) перенесите свои ответы в бланк ответов.

The speaker talks about

A. preferable activities.

B. suitable types of clothes.

C. recommended menu.

D. cooling body with water.

E. avoiding the hottest hours.

F. norms of liquid consumption.

Говорящий	1	2	3	4	5
Утверждение

Вы услышите беседу папы и дочки, обсуждающих предстоящий визит Деда Мороза. Определите, какие из приведенных утверждений А1 — А4 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

Al Emily wants to have a doll and a cat’s house. l)True 2) False 3) Not statedA2 Emily thinks Santa is going to get inside the house down the chimney.

l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

A3 Emily is going to sing a Christmas song for Santa and Rudolph. l)True 2) False 3) Not statedА4 Emily and her Dad are planning to go to bed early. l)True 2) False 3) Not stated
Раздел 2. Чтение

Прочитайте информацию о роли словаря в изучении иностранного языка. Установите соответствие между заголовками А — F и пронумерованными абзацами текста 1 — 5. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.

A. How can a dictionary be used?

B. How do people buy dictionaries?

C. What is a monolingual dictionary?

D. Why are monolingual dictionaries better?

E. What are the advantages of software dictionaries?

F. Where can a good dictionary be bought?

1. If you get a good English dictionary, you will be better than 90% of English learners. It’s unbelievable, but most people (even people who want to learn English very much) simply go to a bookstore and buy the first dictionary they see. That is a big mistake! A bad dictionary will give you problems sooner or later and you will have to buy a good one anyway!

2. A good dictionary will be your guide to English. It will teach you new words, how to pronounce them, and how to use them. It will help you understand English texts. Successful English learners use their dictionaries all the time: when reading books, at English classes, when writing e-mail, when doing homework, when surfing the Web.

3. This type of dictionary is written only in English. English words are not translated, but they are defined or explained in English. For example, if you look up the word criticize in an English-English

dictionary, you will read something like this: to criticize — to say negative things about somebody or something.

4. Monolingual dictionaries are simply more advanced products. The best dictionaries from the top publishers (like Longman, Oxford or Collins) are monolingual. And the best monolingual dictionaries are far ahead of the best bilingual dictionaries — they have more example sentences, more accurate pronunciations, phrasal verbs and idioms. If you read them regularly, you will automatically memorize the grammar and words.

5. If possible, get a software dictionary instead of a paper one. Software dictionaries let you look up words very quickly. Typing a word on your keyboard is much, much faster than turning pages in a large, heavy book. In many software dictionaries, you can listen to recordings which show you how to pronounce a word.

Текст	1	2	3	4	5
Утверждение

Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из утверждений А5 — А8 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated).

It must be ten years since I first heard the legend of Solomon’s Mines. I was in a God-forsaken spot on the edge of the desert, when a Portuguese arrived. He was tall and thin, with large grey moustaches, and he told me his name was Jose Silvestre.

When he went on next day he said: «Goodbye. If ever we meet again, I shall be the richest man in the world!»

I laughed and watched him strike out across the great desert to the west, wondering if he was mad. A week passed, and one evening I was sitting by my fire when suddenly out there in the desert I heard someone calling: «Water! For the love of God, water!»

It was the voice of Jose Silvestre. And then, in the moonlight, I saw him creeping on hands and knees. I ran towards him. He looked ghastly. His large, dark eyes stood nearly out of his head, for all his flesh had gone. I lifted him in my arms and he seemed to weigh nothing at all. I laid him on a blanket by my camp fire, and then fetched my water bottle. I gave him water, making him take a little at a time. All at once he pushed the bottle from him.

«My friend,» Silvestre said weakly, «You have been good to me. I give you the writing and the map made by my ancestor, Jose da Silvestra, three hundred years ago, when he was dying on Solomon’s Mountains. His slave brought it home to Delagoa. Ah, it has been the death of me, that writing. I did not find the diamonds, but you may succeed and become the richest man in the world! Only give it to no one. Go yourself. Perhaps you will get there if you can live through the desert. Be quick, friend, the paper is inside my shirt»

He groped inside his shirt and brought out a pouch made of antelope skin and fastened with a little strip of hide. This he tried to untie, but could not. His head fell back and he was still. I felt his heart and pulse, but I knew that he was

dead. (By H. R. Haggard)

А5 The author believed in God. l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

A6 When Jose Silvestre returned from the desert he seemed fat and heavy. 1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A7 Jose Silvestre’s ancestor couldn’t bring the map home by himself. l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

A8 Jose Silvestre wanted the author to keep the map in secret. l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

Раздел З. Грамматика и лексика

The word «google» has many uses.

It is an adjective,_____to describe very large numbers. It is also a proper noun. «Google» is the name of a popular Internet search engine.	B3 USE
It also_____a new meaning. The writers of a new edition of a dictionary have listed «google» as a verb.	B4 HAVE
It_____to search the Internet. This makes terms like «google me» part of the English language. If you want to know more	B5 MEAN
about volcanoes you_____it. «Google» is now an official part of the English language. The dictionary’s editors say that this	B6 GQOGLE
just means that the public_____the term.	B7 ADOPT
«Google» is one of 100 new words that_____in the new dictionary. Many other words are based on technology. «Mouse potato» is someone who spends a lot of time in front of a computer. «Ringtone» is the sound of a cell phone ringing. Many new technology words have become common.	B8 INCLUDE
We use them every day and_____(even) about them.	B9 NOT THINK

Russia and the United States decided to stop being enemies. Each side stopped making bombs.

The U.S. no_____tests nuclear weapons. There is not enough money to support making nuclear weapons. But the piles of nuclear weapons are still around.	B10 LONG
They need to be watched over to keep them_____safe.	B11 ABSOLUTE
The _____________ who made the bombs still have a lot	B12 INVENT
of their research_____. They did not want to get rid of it. The nation’s nuclear weapons labs	B13 INFORM
are trying to save that_____. By having so many large bombs, the countries who had them did not want to use them. All of the bombs would destroy everyone on Earth.	B14 KNOW

Раздел 4. Письмо

CI You have 30 minutes to do this task. You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend Jane.

… Thanks a lot for your congratulations on my birthday!

Probably you can give me some advice how to take care of my kitten.

Hope to hear from you soon.

Jane

Write her a letter and answer the questions. Write 80 — 100 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.
Раздел 5. Говорение

Вы получите карточку, на которой представлены два задания для устного ответа: С2 — тематическое монологическое высказывание, СЗ — диалог-расспрос. Окончание выполнения каждого задания определяет экзаменатор. Во время проведения этой части экзамена идет постоянная аудиозапись вашего ответа.
Задания для экзаменуемого

C2 Student card

Task 1 (2-3 minutes)

Give a 1,5-2 minute talk about your daily routine.

Remember to say:

— what time you get up and go to bed

— how long it takes you to do your homework

— how you prefer to spend your spare time

You have to talk for 1,5-2 minutes. The examiner will listen until you have finished. Then she/he will ask you some questions.
C3 Student card

Task 2 (2-3 minutes)

This is your first visit to Japan. You are at the station. You want to go to the Tokyo Tower by train.

Ask a passing woman/man

— what to begin your trip with

— how often the trains come around this time of day

— where to get off.

You start the conversation. The examiner will play the part of the passing woman/man.

Remember to:

— be active and polite

— ask the questions and find out all the information you need

— give thanks.

VARIANT 3 Раздел 1 Аудирование

The speaker says that

A. he is going to have some rest.

B. he misses his parents.

C. he is leaving his home.

D. he sets a good example.

E. he lacks exercise.

F. he has a sick day.

Говорящий	1	2	3	4	5
Утверждение

Al Going to the Great Wall with a group tour is cheaper than going on your own. l)True2) False 3) Not stated

A2 You can get the Great Wall by minibus number 919. l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

A3 Fay visited the Great Wall last summer. 1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

A4 It was very tiresome for Fay to climb the Great Wall l)True 2) False 3) Not stated

Источник

Exercise 1

2. A competitive person always wants to win.

3. Spoilt children behave badly because they are given everything they want.

4. An aggressive person gets angry quickly and likes fighting and arguing.

5. Charming people have an attractive personality and make people like them.

6. A sensible person has common sense and is practical.

7. A sociable person is friendly and enjoys being with other people.

8. Anxious people are often worried or stressed.

9. A moody person is happy one minute and sad the next, and is often bad-tempered.

10. Independent people like doing things on their own, without help.

11. A bossy person likes giving orders to other people.

12. An affectionate person shows that they love or like people very much.

13. A jealous person thinks that someone loves another person more than them, or wants what other people have.

14. A sensitive person can be easily hurt or offended.

15. An ambitious person wants to be successful in life.

16. A reliable person is someone who you can trust or depend on.

17. A rebellious person doesn’t like obeying rules.

18. A stubborn person never changes his (or her) opinion or attitude about something.

Exercise 2

Clever – stupid

Generous – mean

Insecure – self-confident

Lazy – hard-working

Quiet – talkative

Shy – outgoing

Exercise 3

Un-/dis-:

friendly (unfriendly)
honest (dishonest)
imaginative (unimaginative)
kind (unkind)
organised (unorganised)
reliable (unreliable)
selfish (unselfish)
sociable (unsociable)
tidy (untidy)

im-/ir-/in-:

mature (immature)
patient (impatient)
responsible (irresponsible)
sensitive (insensitive)

Источник

Rules for the use of much, many, few, little, a lot of and plenty of

In English, there are words called quantifiers. They are used to indicate quantity. Unlike numerals, which denote an exact amount, these words refer to an approximate amount. In this article, we will talk about words like much, many, few, little, a lot of и plenty of.

Using much, many and a lot of

All these words are translated into Russian as «a lot». However, the use of these words depends on the type of sentence (statement, negation or question) and on which noun it refers to — countable or uncountable. The basic rules are presented in the table below:

For example:

He has a lot of books. — He has lot books.

Kate doesn’t have many DVDs. — At Kate Little DVD. (Literally: Keith doesn’t have a lot of DVDs).

Holly spends a lot of time watching TV shows. — Holly conducts lot time watching television shows.

is there much petrol in the tank? — In the tank lot gasoline?

Much and many in statements

As you can see, a lot of is mainly used in affirmative sentences, and much and many — in denials and questions. However, this rule is not strict, it is based on the frequency of use, therefore much and many can be used in assertions as well. For example:

Joe has many friends. — Joe lot friends.

Also the words much and many are used instead of a lot of in a formal business style:

Many different kinds of research require the permission of the supervisor. — Many types of research require the permission of the supervisor.

If we want to say that there is too much of something (that is, build an affirmative sentence), then instead of a lot of we will use words much and many with additional word too («too much»). For example:

There were too many people at the conference. — The conference was too much people.

Oliver ate too much ice-cream. — Oliver ate too much ice cream

Synonyms of a lot of

Synonymous with the word a lot of is lots of. It is believed that lots of more informal and more often used in colloquial speech, and a lot of on the contrary, it is more formal. Lots of can also be used with both countable and uncountable nouns. For example:

Julia eats a lot of vegetables. / Julia eats lots of vegetables. — Julia is lot vegetables.

They have done a lot of work. / they have done lots of work. — They did lot work.

Another word for a large number is the word plenty of… As a rule, it is used to mean a very large amount of something, something in abundance:

we have plenty of tea at home. — At our home lot tea.

James has brought plenty of biscuits to the office. — James brought to the office lot cookies.

As we see plenty of can also be used with both countable and uncountable nouns.

The use of few, a few, little, a little

In order to understand how these words are used, we need to know two parameters: the first — whether this word refers to a countable or uncountable noun and the second: what is the meaning of the sentence — positive or negative. Consider the table below:

examples:

Kelly has a few close friends. — Kelly has slightly close friends. (Positive value).

Kelly has few close friends. — At Kelly’s little close friends. (Negative meaning).

Bobby has a little money. — Bobby has slightly of money. (A positive value is a little, but still there).

Bobby has little money. — Bobby’s little of money. (Negative meaning).

As we can see from the examples, these words have the same translation into Russian for both countable and uncountable nouns, but a different translation depending on the meaning: with a positive meaning, we translate them as «a little», with a negative meaning, as «little.»

Other meanings of much, a lot, a little

Form a lot sometimes it is used not in the meaning of «a lot», but in the meaning of «often» or «very». For example:

Do you enjoy watching films? — Yes, a lot… — Do you like to watch movies? — Yes, very.

Also the words much и a little can be used to form the comparative degree of adjectives. For example:

Source: https://www.start2study.ru/english-grammar/quantifiers/

Quantitative pronouns in English

with countable nouns	with uncountable nouns
quantitative pronouns	many lotfew little (not enough)a few a little, a little (there is)	much lotlittle little (not enough)a little a little (there is)
several some
other quantifiers	a lot of — a lot, a large number of colloquial forms: lots of — lots of; plenty of — many
a large number of — set, large number	the great deal of — a lot, a lot

Quantitative pronouns in English express the meaning of an indefinite number or quantity.

Pronouns many and much

Quantitative pronouns many and much used both as adjective pronouns and noun pronouns.

1) In the function of adjective pronouns:

In the affirmative sentences:

many — many (with countable nouns)
much — many (with uncountable nouns)

a) As a definition to the subject of a sentence (and not only exclusively many and much, their substitute a lot of is used here not much less often):

Much (A lot of) money is spent for defense. — A lot of money is spent on defense.
Many (A lot of) people speak Russain. — Many people (many people) speak Russian.

b) With adverbs of degree (when adverbs of degree are used in front of them to strengthen the meaning, the most common: too too and so so, so much, as well as very very, etc.):

I have so much work to do. — I have so much work to do. There are too many mistakes in your exercises. — There are too many mistakes in your exercises.

Very many old people live alone. — A lot of elderly people live alone.

c) In the subordinate clauses introduced by the unions if and whether;

I wonder if many people will come to the dance. — I wonder how many people will come to the dances.

d) Sometimes in cases when they bear a semantic stress; in a book-writing style, etc.

Source: http://www.learnenglishbest.com/kolichestvennye-mestoimeniya-angliyskom.html

Parameter words in English

17 September 2014 Admin page »English

The use of much and many

Pronouns much, many (many, many, many) can function as a determinant to a noun or be used instead of a noun.

Much is used only with uncountable nouns or instead of uncountable nouns:

How much time do you need? How much time do you need?

You haven’t much time if you want to catch the bus. You don’t have much time if you want to catch this bus.

My father meant much to me. My father had high hopes for me.

much depends on what answer he will give. Much depends on the answer he gives.

Many is used only with countable nouns or instead of countable nouns:

do you have many friends? Do you have many friends?

Many of them were late. Many of them were late.

Many think that the situation will improve. Many people think that the situation will improve.

Not many knew about it. Not many people knew about this.

In modern colloquial English, pronouns much и many as a determinant, as a rule, they are used only in interrogative and negative sentences, in affirmative sentences they correspond to a lot of (lots of), which is used with countable and uncountable nouns:

You have a lot of time to catch the bus. You still have a lot of time to get on this bus.

I have a lot of friends. I have many friends.

Pronouns much и many are used in affirmative sentences if they are preceded; too (too much), very (very), so (So), how (as), as (also):

I can’t drink this tea. There is too much sugar in it. I cannot drink this tea, it has too much sugar.

You can have as much fruit as you wish. You can take as many fruits as you like.

little, few

Pronouns little, few (little, not enough) are used both as a determinant and a noun.

Little used only with uncountable nouns:

I have little time. I do not have much time.

there is little water in the cup. There is little water in the cup.

Little has been known of them. Little was known about them.

The little that remains will be unloaded tomorrow. What little remains will be unloaded tomorrow.

Pronoun few used only with countable nouns:

He has few friends. He has few friends.

Few knew him well. Few knew him well.

He has read the few books he has. He has read the few books he has.

He is one of the few men which are always ready to help. He is one of the few people who are always ready to help.

Pronoun few can serve as a definition for a noun in the singular with an indefinite article, indicates each of the small set

Few a man can resist a woman’s charms. Few men can resist the spell of a woman.

Few a thing has changed during the days. Little has changed during these days.

Pronouns little и few can be used with an indefinite article in the meaning of a little, a little:

I have a little time. I have some time.

I saw him a few times. I have seen him several times.

Parameter words

AllPartNothingPeople Objects Place Time

everybody	somebody	nobody
everything	something something, something	nothing
everywhere	somewhere	nowhere
always	sometimes sometimes	never

examples:

He sees todo Mundo. He sees everyone.

He speaks to todo Mundo… He speaks to everyone.

I saw him somewhere… I saw him somewhere.

I always say the truth. I always tell the truth.

Note time parameters the sentence usually uses before the verb… All other parameters are used more often. after the verb.

The use of these words is straightforward. Except for one case where the words nobody, nothing, nowhere, and never are used to convey negation:

I didn’t tell him anything bad.

In this case, you should not copy the structure of the Russian sentence, because double negation will be a mistake in an English sentence:

I didn’t tell him anything bad. I did Note tell him nothing bad. (wrong) I told him nothing bad. (right)

Let’s consider a few more suggestions:

there is nothing interesting here. There is nothing interesting here.

Nobody cares about my plans. Nobody cares about my plans.

Source: https://linguistpro.net/english/slova-parametry-v-anglijskom-yazyke.html

The use of much, many, few, little, a lot of, plenty

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Have you noticed how often we use the words «a lot», «a little», «a few» in our speech and how we do not like to give exact numbers? Secretive by nature, the English also use these words very often in speech.

When we say «a lot» in English, we use the words many, much, a lot of, plenty of, and when we say «little» — few, a few, little, a little. These words are called determiners, they indicate an indefinite amount of something.

This article will show you when and where to use much, many, few, little, a lot of, plenty of in English.

The noun plays a key role in the choice of the defining word. The determiner depends on which noun is in front of us, countable (countable) or uncountable (uncountable). Once again, we recall that we can count countable nouns and they have a plural form (a boy — boys). And uncountable nouns do not have a plural form (water — some water), and we cannot count them.

We have divided all words into three groups depending on which noun they are used with. We will consider each group separately.

Much / Little Many / Few A lot of / Plenty of

Uncountable nouns	Countable nouns	Countable and uncountable nouns
How much money have you got? — How much money do you have? — There is little ink left in my pen.	I have many friends. — He has got few friends. — He has few friends.	There is a lot of sugar there. — There are plenty of plants in the garden. — There are many plants in the garden.

Many, few, a few with countable nouns

The words many (many), few (few), a few (several) are used with countable nouns. Many denotes a large number of something: many apples (many apples), many friends (many friends), many ideas (many ideas).

The opposite of many is few: few apples, few friends, few ideas. Few often have a negative meaning: very little, not enough, so little that practically none.

A few has an intermediate meaning between many and few, translated as «a few»: a few apples (a few apples), a few friends (a few friends), a few ideas (a few ideas).

— Do you have many friends in this part of the city? — At your place lot friends in this part of town?
— No, I don’t. I have few friends in this part of the city. — I do not have little friends in this part of town. (that is, not enough, I would like more)
— I have a few friends in the city center. — I have some friends in the city center.

Much, little, a little with uncountable nouns

The words much, little, and little are used with uncountable nouns. Usually, the uncountable include liquids (water — water, oil — oil), objects that are too small that cannot be counted (sand — sand, flour — flour), or abstract concepts, since they cannot be seen or touched by hands (knowledge — knowledge, work — Work).

Much stands for a large amount of something uncountable: much sugar, much milk, much time.

The opposite of much is little: little sugar, little milk, little time. Little, like few, means that something is not enough, very little.

A little means a small amount of something that cannot be counted: a little sugar, a little milk, a little time.

— Did she put much salt in the soup? — She lot put salt in the soup?
— No, she didn’t. She put little salt in the soup. — No, she put little salt in the soup. (more could have been)
— I added a little salt in her soup. — I added slightly salt in her soup.

A lot of, plenty of — universal words

The words a lot of (many) and plenty of (many) are the most «convenient»: we can use them with both countable nouns and uncountable ones.

A lot of (lots of) replaces much and many: a lot of people (many people), lots of tea (lots of tea). Plenty of means that there is a lot of something, that is, enough or even more than necessary: plenty of people (a lot of people), plenty of tea (a lot of tea).

We bought lots of souvenirs and plenty of tea when we were on vacation in Sri Lanka. — We bought lot souvenirs and lots of tea when we were on vacation in Sri Lanka.

Features and exceptions

Much, many, few, little, a lot of with uncountable nouns
There are a number of nouns that seem to be countable, but in fact are not. Sometimes it can be difficult to determine the «countability» of a noun.

If you are not sure which noun is in front of you, it is better to check it in the dictionary.

Please note that in English, uncountable includes advice, news, work, money, research, travel, furniture.

They have much work to do. — They have lot work.

Source: https://engblog.ru/much-many-few-little-a-lot-of-plenty-usage

«Grammar» «There is a lot of people» vs «There are a lot of people»

If you took a driving license exam, then perhaps you remember a funny question in one of the tickets: what to do if 4 cars drive up to an unregulated intersection at the same time from all directions. According to the rules, each of them must pass the car on the right, but each has a car on the right.

The correct answer to the question sounds like “such a situation is not provided for by the rules”. So in English, there is also a case in which the official grammar makes a helpless gesture. This case is a choice between there is a lot of [people] and there are a lot of [people]. There are wars on forums and blogs about which option is correct.

Let’s take a look at the arguments on both sides.

Before continuing, I will make a reservation that we are talking about the use of there is / are with a lot and with countable plural nouns. In other cases, no questions arise, for example:

There is a lot of milk. A lot of milk (milk is uncountable, therefore is)
There are lots of people. Lots of people (lots of here, so there are)

There are a lot of people

The argument on this side is simple. A lot of people (a lot of cars, a lot of books) is a lot of objects. Therefore, the verb should be, as for the plural — there are a lot of people.

There is a lot of people

«Wait a minute,» says the other half of the leading controversy. Didn’t you notice the «a» before the «lot». The article «a» is used only with a singular number, and «lot» is a «large number» — the noun is in the singular. Those. if you have a box of pencils or a bag of potatoes, it’s still one box and one bag, no matter how many pencils or potatoes are inside. Same logic for a lot. Therefore — there is a lot of people.

There will be no reconciliation in this dispute — there are those wishing to defend the correctness of their position on both sides. The official grammar, as I said, is indecisive — it seems that both options are acceptable.

What about real life?

Take our favorite resolver of all controversy, the google books word frequency search tool, ngram. It is a tool developed by Google that allows you to compare the popularity of phrases across the huge collection of google.books.

It turns out, there are a lot of people about 15 times more common than there is a lot of people… Here is your answer.

Similar expressions

A similar certainty arises with other expressions. Let’s take a look at the statistics right away:

there is / are a number of

there is / are a couple of

there is / are a group of

It seems that when it comes to the fact that there are many objects — and this is precisely the case with a lot of, a number of, or a couple of — the plural form are is more often used.

But in the case of a group of — the group is perceived as something one, indivisible. Therefore, the singular form is.

So, in the dispute there is / are a lot of people, both sides have weighty arguments. Grammar guides try not to get involved in this dispute. And in real life, as it turns out, the form there are a lot of people is an order of magnitude more popular.

Source: https://englishexplained.ru/there-is-a-lot-vs-there-are-a-lot/

A clear rule of thumb for using much-many in English. Usage examples, exercises with answers

Hello friends! How not to get confused using much and many? Just pay attention to the rules of use, because it is no coincidence that the English came up with two words with the same meaning.

They are not interchangeable: in some cases, you only need much, and in others, you only need many. It all depends on the word itself, which will refer to much or many. Let’s figure out what’s what!

Difference between many and much

Pronoun many used when it refers to objects (animate or inanimate) that can be counted. Words denoting such objects are called countable nouns.

Example:

many children — many children
many people — many people
many tigers — many tigers

use many (since they can be counted)

Pronoun much is used only with nouns that cannot be counted, that is, with uncountable nouns.

Example:

much sugar
much water
much money

use much (since they cannot be counted. Much means a lot of something.)

We look at the table that will clearly show you the difference in the use of Much, Many

Much / Little Many / Few A lot of / Plenty of

Uncountable nouns	Countable nouns	Countable and uncountable nouns
How much money have you got? — How much money do you have? — There is some ink left in my pen.	I have many friends. He has got few best friends. — He has a few (few) best friends.	There is a lot of sugar there. — There are plenty of plants in the garden. — There are many plants in the garden.

Many used where items can be counted individually.
If they cannot be counted, feel free to insert the word into the sentence much.

Interrogative sentences

How much sugar do you take in your coffee?
How much money do you want for this?
Do you have much work to do?
How many students are there in each class?
How many people are you expecting?

Negative sentences

He doesn’t earn much money (noun money — uncountable). He earns little (= little) money.
Not many people have heard of her (noun people — countable).
Barbara doesn’t have many friends. Barbara has few (= not many) friends.

Much / many exercises:

Exercise 1. Use much or many to express How many ?.

how days?
how sugar?
how cigarettes?
How work?
How petrol?
How children?
How theaters?
How juice?

Exercise 2. Translate sentences into English using much, many, a little, a few, little, few, a lot of

I have few friends in this part of town.
The teacher said so many words, but I didn’t understand anything.
He asked the waiter to bring some water.
In autumn, many birds fly south.
She doesn’t like it when there is too much sugar in her tea.
“There is absolutely no room in the closet! You have so many clothes! ”

Exercise 3. Use much or many.

Do you drink ________coffee? I reading. I read _________ books. We have _______ lessons of English this year. I can’t remember _______ from this text. Do you learn _______ new English words every day? We haven’t got ________ bread. I can’t spend ________ money on toys.

Replies

Exercise 1.

How many days? (How many days?)
How much sugar? (How much sugar?)
How many cigarettes? (How many cigarettes?)
How much work? (How much work?)
How much petrol? (How much gasoline?)
How many children? (How many children?)
How many theaters? (How many theaters?)
How much juice? (How much juice?)

Exercise 2.

I have few friends in this part of the city.
A teacher said so many words but I understood nothing.
He asked a waiter to bring a little water.
In autumn many birds fly to the south.
She doesn’t it when there is too much sugar in tea.
“There is no place in a wardrobe! You’ve got so many clothes! ”

Exercise 3.

Do you drink much coffee? I reading. I read many books. We have many lessons of English this year. I can’t remember much from this text. Do you learn many new English words every day? We haven’t got much bread. I can’t spend much money on toys.

Friends like us, we tried!

Source: http://englishfox.ru/pravilo-much-many-v-angliiskom.html

How to learn to use adjectives with countable and uncountable nouns correctly

The use of adjectives with countable and uncountable nouns in English has its own tricks. What are they?

There are countable and uncountable nouns in English. Most often they are combined with adjectives in the same way. But there are situations when you need to know exactly which adjectives should be used with countable and which with uncountable nouns. Let’s take a look at these rules.

General rules for the use of adjectives with nouns

In English, countable nouns are those that can form a plural form (usually with the ending -s). For example: dog — dogs, pupil — pupils, pocket — pockets.

Uncountable nouns usually do not have plural forms. For example: sky, love, trust, butter, sugar. That is why in English you cannot say: «He saw many beautiful skies.» (He saw many beautiful skies) or: «She bought two milks.» (She bought two milk).

The use of countable and uncountable nouns with adjectives is in most cases identical. For example:

«The sky was blue.» (The sky was blue) — The noun sky (sky) is uncountable.
«He bought a blue car.» (He bought a blue car) — Here the adjective blue is used with the countable noun car.

However, it is important to remember that with the following adjectives, the use of countable and uncountable nouns will be different:

some / any
much / many
little / few
a lot of / lots of
a little bit of
plenty of
enough
No.

Some / any

The adjectives some and any can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns. Examples:

«There is some milk in the glass.» (There is milk in a glass).
«Do you any music?» (Do you like music?)
«Do you have any pets?» (Do you have pets?)
“There are some actors on the scene.” (On stage — actors).

Much / many

The adjective much is used only with uncountable nouns. For example:

“I gained so much weight” (I gained so much weight).
«She drinks so much coffee.» (She drinks so much coffee.)

The adjective many is used with countable nouns.

«Many Italians are keen on pizza.» (Many Italians love pizza.)
“The small boy was happy to see so many animals in the zoo.” (The little boy was happy to see so many animals in the zoo).

Little / few

The adjective little is used only with uncountable nouns. For example:

“She feels little fear alone at home.” (She’s a little scared to be home alone.)
«He had little time to prepare for exams.» (He had little time to prepare for the exam.)

The adjective few is used with countable nouns.

«He has few options in this situation.» (He had few options in this situation.)
«There are few animals in the desert.» (Few animals live in the desert.)

A lot of / lots of

The expressions a lot of and lots of are analogous to the adjectives much and many, but, unlike them, they can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns.

«They have lots of (many) fans in Europe.» (They have a lot of fans in Europe).
«They spent a lot of (much) money in the trip.» (They spent a lot of money on the trip.)
«The boy saw a lot of (many) animals in the zoo.» (At the zoo, the boy saw many animals).
«He gets lots of (much) pleasure walking in the park.» (He enjoys walking in the park.)

A little bit of

The adjective a little bit of in English is used quite rarely and always accompanies uncountable nouns. For example:

«There is a little bit of sugar in the tea.» (There is some sugar in tea.)
«There is a little bit of butter on the plate.» (There is some butter on the plate.)

Plenty of

The adjective plenty of can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns.

“There are plenty of tourists in Rome.” (There are many tourists in Rome).
«She uses plenty of pepper when cooking.» (She uses a lot of peppers when cooking).

Enough

Likewise, enough can be used with all nouns.

«She has enough money to travel by plane.» (She has enough money to travel by plane.)
«I have enough ideas to manage the project.» (I have enough ideas to manage the project).

No

The adjective no should be used with both countable and uncountable nouns.

Source: https://skyeng.ru/articles/kak-nauchitsya-upotreblyat-prilagatelnye-s-ischislyaemymi-i-neischislyaemymi-sushchestvitelnymi-pravilno

Much / many. Rule of use in English

Quantitative pronouns are used to indicate a large number of something or someone in English. many и much… Both are translated into Russian by the word “many”. The question arises: if the meaning is the same, why are two different pronouns needed? It turns out that this makes sense, since each of them has its own area of application.

Affirmative sentences

In modern English, in affirmative sentences, instead of pronouns much and many, their synonym is increasingly used. a lot of.

This is a universal pronoun, as it is suitable for animate nouns — a lot of people and inanimate — a lot of books, for countable — a lot of minutes and uncountable — a lot of time.

In those speech situations where you find it difficult to choose between many and much, use a lot of — you can’t go wrong.

For example: «A lot of children came to the zoo to see a new-born polar bear «. — “Many children came to the zoo to look at the newborn polar bear.”

The pronouns many and much are often part of the subject, for example:

There are many candles on the fireplace shelf. “There are many candles on the mantelpiece.
there is much soup in the pan. — There is a lot of soup in the pot.

In these sentences, many and much can be easily replaced with a lot of, and the meaning of the sentences will not change.

Interrogative and negative sentences usually use the pronouns much and many.

There is / there are (there’s / there’re)

This grammar topic teaches you how to work with the popular English construction there is / there are… Or, in other words, how to say: there is something, there is not something.

At the airport (there are) many rules. — There are a lot of rules at the airport.

There is no stadium in the town. — There isn’t a stadium in the town.

We use this construction when the sentence says that something is / not is somewhere. In other words, something is somewhere or something is not somewhere. To do this, in English, we use the construction there is / there are.

The word there in this construction will not change under any circumstances. Will change, according to the law of the genre, the verb to be in number and in tenses, we will talk below.

Here you need to be careful and not confuse the adverb there (there) and part of the construction there is / are… The difference will be visible in the context and translation: there, which is included in there is / are, will not even be translated, it just «is». For example:

There is only one restaurant there. — There (is) only one restaurant.

The second part of this construction is the already known verb «be» — to be in the form is and are (is for the singular, are for the plural).

There is a cake in the fridge. — There’s a cake in the fridge.

There’s a hole in my pocket. — There’s a hole in my pocket.

In the last sentence, we abbreviated there is to there’s, which is quite typical for spoken English.

There are two men in the room. “There are two men in the room.

There’re many mistakes in your test, you must do it over. — There are many mistakes in your test, you must redo it. (there are = there’re)

Often a student asks the question: why can’t I just say through a verb to be? For example:

Many mistakes are in your test.

Everything is very simple: such a sentence is grammatically correct, but the speaker will not say so, it will sound less natural to his ear. In addition, the design there is / are very popular with native speakers, so definitely not worth avoiding.

Interestingly, sentences with there is / are we translate from the end, the construction itself may not be translated at all, or it may be translated by the word «is».

There are many Italian foodstuffs in this shop. — There are many Italian products in this store.

There are seven days in a week. — There are seven days in a week.

Denial

It is a pleasure to work with this construction: to build negation, we

add a particle not or the word no after is / are

There isn’t any cold water in the fridge. — There is no cold water in the refrigerator.

There is no lamp in my son’s room. — There is no lamp in my son’s room.

You noticed that after there is not there must be an article a or an; after there is no we do not put either the article or any.

There are not two but three kids in their family. — Their family has not two, but three children.

There aren’t problems with this child. — There are no problems with this child.

There are no guests at the party. — There are no guests at the party.

Question

To build a question, you just need to rearrange the words in the construction itself. there is / are.

Is there a scarf in the wardrobe? — Is there a scarf in the closet?

Is there a dog in the car? «Is there a dog in the car?»

What is there on the table? — What (is) on the table?

Are there letters for me? — Are there any letters for me?

Are there students in the lecture hall? — Are there students in the classroom?

How many days are there in February? — How many days in February?

Very often the question arises in sentences where we need to list items in both the singular and the plural. What to do in these cases?
The choice of is or are will depend on the first noun immediately after the construction there is / are.

There is one bathroom and two bedrooms in my flat. — My apartment has two bedrooms and one bathroom.

As «bathroom» in the singular comes the first, we chose there is.

Source: https://speakasap.com/ru/en-ru/grammar/konstrukciya-there-is-are/

Enjoy learning English online with Puzzle English for free

It is clear where the confusion can arise between the words many and much: in Russian they have the same meaning. Both words convey the idea of plurality and indicate a large number of those objects to which they refer.

What, then, is the difference between them? And when is many used, and when is much? In order not to confuse these two words with each other, you need to remember small rules.

Countable and uncountable nouns

The words much and many each refer to the object that follows it. The choice of one of these two words depends on the type of the subsequent noun.

All nouns can be divided into two groups: countable and uncountable. The division into these two classes is based on the ability to count objects. Let’s look at this principle with an example: take the word chair.

It has both singular and plural forms: chair — chairs. If we imagine a set of chairs, we can count how many items it contains: one chair, two chairs, and so on.

If we take another noun, for example, snow (snow), then we will not be able to count what elements a lot of snow consists of.

Nouns of the first type that behave like chair are called countable, and nouns of the second type, like snow, are called uncountable.

Many and much: the rule of thumb

How much and many have to do with this? The most direct: the category of calculability of a noun determines which of these words will be used. Let’s turn to the examples we are already familiar with. Chair is a countable item, so many will be used with it. Snow is an uncountable noun, which means that if we want to convey the idea of a large number, we will use much with it.

I need many chairs for the party — I need many chairs for the holiday.
There is much snow in the city — There is a lot of snow in the city.

Thus, for many or much, the rule can be deduced: many appears with countable nouns, and much with uncountable nouns.

Source: https://puzzle-english.com/directory/muchmany

Much and many. Usage rules

Details Karina Galchenko Category: BEGINNER — ELEMENTARY

: 03 June 2019

180607

: 4/5

How not to get confused using much and many? Just pay attention to the rules of use, because it is no coincidence that the English came up with two words with the same meaning. They are not interchangeable: in some cases, you only need much, and in others, you only need many. It all depends on the word itself, which will refer to much or many. Let’s figure out what’s what!

As you know, nouns are divided into countable (you can count) and uncountable (you cannot count), and this is what depends on. rules for using much and many… It is necessary to remember once and for all that many is «friends» only with countable nouns, and much — with uncountable ones.

examples:

many children — many children

much water — a lot of water

But that’s not all about much and many. The rules for using these words suggest that they are best avoided in positive sentences. That is, much and many in English should be used in negations and questions. There are exceptions when these words are part of the subject.

examples:

do you have many friends here? — Do you have many friends here? (many + countable noun).

I don’t much sugar in my tea. — I don’t like a lot of sugar in tea (much + uncountable noun).

Many people speak English. — Many people speak English (many is part of the subject — many people).

Rules for the use of many much a lot of

If your positive proposal cannot do without «a lot», then pay attention to rules for using many much a lot of… It is believed that a lot of is well suited for approval. By the way, you can use it in absolutely any context. Even if you suddenly wondered what would work for a given sentence, a lot of will always help out, since it can be used for both countable and uncountable nouns.

examples:

There are a lot of people in this room. — There are many people in this room (a lot of + countable noun).

I have a lot of work today. — I have a lot of work today (a lot of + uncountable noun).

Do i have a lot of mistakes in the test? — Do I have a lot of mistakes in the test? (interrogative sentence).

They don’t have a lot of information. — They don’t have a lot of information (negative proposal).

Rules for using many much a lot of refer specifically to nouns, you cannot use these words with verbs. But what to do when it is important to «enhance» the meaning of an action? Here a lot will do (without the preposition of).

examples:

We see our parents a lot… — We see our parents a lot (meaning «see each other often»)

Do you practice this language a lot? — Do you practice this language a lot?

Drinking how much how many

Concerning how much how many, then here, too, everything depends on the noun that will follow this or that question phrase. How much should be combined with uncountable nouns, and how many with countable nouns.

examples:

How much milk do you have to buy? — How much milk do you need to buy? (how much + uncountable noun)

How many roses did he present her? — How many roses did he give her? (how many + countable noun)

Finally, I would like to note that with the words years, weeks, days it is better to use many rather than a lot of.

Example:

I have known Mary for many years. — I have known Mary for many years.

Best wishes to you!

Source: http://fluenglish.com/stati/studentam-na-zametku/29-beginner-elementary/367-much-i-many-pravila-upotrebleniya.html

Lesson 7. Words-parameters. The use of much and many

Words much, many (many, many, many) can be used as an addition to a noun, or be used instead.

much used only with uncountable nouns or instead of uncountable nouns:

How much money did he spend?
How much money did he spend?
You haven’t much time if you want to catch the bus.
You don’t have much time if you want to catch this bus.
Not much was written about it.
Little has been written about this.
He doesn’t eat much.
He doesn’t eat much.

Many is used only with countable nouns or instead of countable nouns:

How many books do you have?
How many books do you have?
How many pupils are in this class?
How many students are there in this class?
Many to play football.
Many people like to play football.
Not many have heard of her.
Few have heard of her.

In modern English, often instead of words much и many their synonym is used a lot of (lots of). A lot of used with both countable and uncountable nouns:

He always makes a lot of mistakes.
He always makes a lot of mistakes.
we have a lot of bags.
We have a lot of bags.

If the word «a lot» is preceded by too (too much), very (very), so (So), how (as), as (also) then you need to use much и many. Using A lot of in this case is incorrect.

I have so much work to do
I have so much work to do.
She works too much.
She works too hard.
You have made very many mistakes
You’ve made a lot of mistakes.

In this lesson, the expression a lot of not used. Only much и many.

little, few

Words little, few (little, not enough) can be used as an addition to a noun, or be used instead.

Little used only with uncountable nouns:

we have little money.
We don’t have much money.
She at very little at lunch.
She ate very little at lunchtime.
Little has been said about this event.
Little has been said about this event.
John spends little time with his family.
John spent little time with his family.

Few used only with countable nouns:

He has few friends.
He has few friends.
Few managers admit their mistakes.
Few leaders admit their mistakes.
He has read few books.
He read few books.
Many people were invited but few cam.
Many people were invited, but few came.

Pronouns little и few can be used with an indefinite article in the meaning a little, a little.
Consider in comparison:

I have a little time.
I have some time.
I have little time.
I have little time.
I know a few words in spanish.
I know a few words in Spanish.
I know few words in spanish.
I know few words in Spanish.

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Страница 13 из 158

Ответы к странице 20

1F. English in Use — Английский на практике

1А. Read the theory box. Are there similar types of formation in your language? — Прочитайте теорию в рамке. Есть ли похожие варианты словообразования в вашем языке?

Forming adjectives

We use the following suffixes with nouns or verbs to form adjectives in English:

noun + -ful (use-useful), -al (magic-magical), -ic (optimism-optimistic), -ible (sense-sensible), -ish (self-selfish), -less (help-helpless), -ly (friend-friendly), -ous (fury-furious)
verb + -able (rely-reliable), -ed (bore-bored), -ing (bore-boring), -ive (act-active).

Формируем прилагательные

Мы используем следующие суффиксы с существительными или глаголами, чтобы сформировать прилагательные в английском языке:

существительное + -ful (use-useful), -al (magic-magical), -ic (optimism-optimistic), -ible (sense-sensible), -ish (self-selfish), -less (help-helpless), -ly (friend-friendly), -ous (fury-furious)
глагол + -able (rely-reliable), -ed (bore-bored), -ing (bore-boring), -ive (act-active).

1В. Form adjectives from the words in bold. Check in your dictionary. In pairs, answer the questions. — Сформируйте прилагательные из слов, выделенных жирным шрифтом. Сверьтесь со словарем. В парах ответьте на вопросы.

Ответ:

In your opinion who/which is: — По вашему мнению кто/что:

1. the most attractive (attract) actress? — самая привлекательная актриса?
2. the most successful (success) musician? — самый успешный музыкант?
3. the best traditional (tradition) dish? — лучшая традиционная еда?
4. the tastiest (taste) sweet you’ve ever eaten? — самая вкусная конфета, которую ты когда-нибудь ел?
5. the most stylish (style) outfit? — самый стильный прикид?
6. the most careful (care) driver you know? — самый осторожный водитель, которого ты знаешь?
7. the most optimistic (optimism) friend of yours? — самый оптимистичный ваш друг?
8. the most educated (educate) person you know? — самый образованный человек, которого вы знаете?
9. the best thing to do on a rainy (rain) day? — лучшее, чем можно заняться в дождливый день?
10. the most boring (bore) film you’ve ever seen? — самый скучный фильм, который вы когда-либо видели?
11. the least enjoyable (enjoy) holiday you’ve ever had? — наименее приятные выходные, которые у вас были?
12. the most horrible (horror) food you’ve ever tasted? — самая ужасная еда, которую вы когда-либо пробовали?

Возможные ответы:

1. I think Charlize Theron is the most attractive actress. — Я думаю, что Шарлиз Тэрон — самая привлекательная актриса.
2. I think Paul Mccartney is one of the most successful musicians. — Я думаю, что Пол Маккартни — самый успешный музыкант.
3. I think the Russian pancake is the best traditional dish. — Я думаю, что русские блинчики — самая лучшая традиционная еда.
4. I think this sweet is the tastiest sweet I’ve ever eaten. — Думаю, эта конфета самая вкусная, которую я когда-либо ел.
5. I think we can’t definitely determine which outfit is the most stylish. I prefer casual style clothes because of their utility — Я думаю, мы не можем однозначно определить самый стильный прикид. Я предпочитаю одежду повседневного стиля из-за ее практичности.
6. She drives very slowly. Someone calls her a tortoise, but I think she’s simply the most careful driver I know. — Она водит очень медленно. Кто-то называет ее черепахой, но я думаю, что она просто самый осторожный водитель, которого я знаю.
7. I think the most optimistic friend of mine is… (выберите из своего окружения) — Я думаю, самый оптимистичный мой друг…
8. I think the most educated person I know is… (выберите из своего окружения) — Я думаю, самый образованный человек, которого я знаю …
9. I think playing computer games is the best thing to do on a rainy day. — Я думаю, игра на компьютере — лучшее, чем можно заняться в дождливый день
10. There are a lot of boring films. But the most boring film I’ve ever seen is Russian comedy «New Yolki» — Есть много скучных фильмов. Но самый скучный фильм, который я когда-либо видел — российская комедия «Новые Ёлки».
11. I think the least enjoyable holiday I’ve ever had was when I had to stay in town? — Я думаю, наименее приятные выходные, которые у меня были — тогда, когда мне пришлось остаться дома.
12. I think the most horrible food I’ve ever tasted was Japanese miso-soup? — Я думаю, самая ужасная еда, которую я когда-либо пробовал, был японский мисо-суп.

2. Fill in: along, across, down, over, over with. — Вставьте: along, across, down, over, over with.

Ответ:

1. Jane has difficulty in getting her ideas across (communicating). — У Джейн есть трудности с четким изложением своих идей.
2. Do you get along with your parents? (have a good relationship) — Ты ладишь со своими родителями?
3. The sooner we start writing the report, the sooner we get it over with (finish) — Чем скорее мы начнем писать отчет, тем скорее мы с ним покончим.
4. This rainy weather gets me down (make sb sad) — Эта дождливая погода меня удручает.
5. Alice hasn’t been able to get over the fact that she failed her exams, (recover from) — Алиса не смогла смириться с тем фактом, что она провалила экзамены.

Примечание: Наверное, нужно разъяснить, какие есть варианты применения фразового глагола get. Вариантов очень много, но мы постараемся рассмотреть самые популярные:

get up — вставать
get about — двигаться, передвигаться
get above oneself — зазнаваться
get ahead in something — преуспеть, продвинуться в чем-то
get after somebody/something — гнаться за кем-нибудь/чем-нибудь, стоять над душой
get along — преуспевать, справляться
get along with — ладить с кем-то
get along without — обходиться без чего-либо
get at — намекать, подразумевать
get somebody around — навещать, посещать, приводить в гости
get around — избежать, обходить, перехитрить
get across — четко изложить, передать слова, донести
get over — преодолевать трудности, справиться, понять, перейти, добраться
get over with — закончить что-либо, разобраться быстро и окончательно
get down — удручать, приводить в уныние, угнетать, а также наклониться
get back — возвращаться
get by — сводить концы с концами
get in — прибывать, входить, поступить (в университет), попасть
get off — спасаться, слезать, выйти (из транспорта), отбыть, снимать
get on — садиться (в транспорт), добраться до кого-либо, застать
get out — уходить, уезжать, убираться, сваливать, проваливать

3. Complete with: of (3x), with (2x), on, about, at, to. Check in Appendix 2. — Вставьте of, with, on, about, at, to. Сверьтесь с приложением 2.

Ответ:

1. Mrs Jacobs is very popular with her students. — Миссис Джейкобс очень популярна среди ее студентов.
2. Helen is very nervous about starting at her new school. — Елена очень нервничает по поводу начала учебы в новой школе.
3. You shouldn’t be jealous of other people’s success. — Вы не должны завидовать успеху других людей.
4. Rania is very fond of her young niece. — Рания очень любит свою молодую племянницу.
5. I’m quite keen on Maths. — Я увлекаюсь математикой.
6. She’s good at drawing. — Она хороша в рисовании.
7. Nadia is quite proud of her brother’s sporting achievements. — Надя весьма горда спортивными достижениями своего брата.
8. They are very close to their parents. — Они очень близки со своими родителями.
9. I’m not very patient with stubborn people. — Я не очень терпелив с упрямыми людьми.
Use the phrases in bold to talk about the people you know. — Используйте фразы, выделенные жирным шрифтом, чтобы рассказать о людях, которых вы знаете.

Можно ответить так:

Playing football is very popular with my friends. — Футбол очень популярен среди моих друзей.
I’m so nervous about my English test next week. — Я так нервничаю по поводу теста по английскому на следующей неделе.
My brother is jealous of my success in school. But it’s not the reason to get above myself. — Мой брат завидует моему успеху в школе. Но для меня это не повод задирать нос.
My mum is very fond of gardening. The flowers she grew up are really beautiful. — Моя мама очень любит садоводство. Цветы, которые она вырастила, реально красивые.
My father is keen on football. But only on TV. He can watch football on TV for the whole day. — Мой отец увлекается футболом. Но только по телевизору. Он может смотреть футбол по телеку целый день.
My cousin is very good at playing ping-pong. He became a city champion last year. — Мой двоюродный брат очень хорош в настольном теннисе. Он стал чемпионом города в прошлом году.
My aunt is very proud of her son’s sports achievements. But every time he loses gets her down. — Моя тетя очень гордится спортивными достижениями ее сына. Но каждый раз, когда он проигрывает, приводит ее в уныние.
My mother and my aunt are very close to each other. They’re always chatting about everything. — Моя мама и моя тетя очень близки друг другу. Они всегда болтают обо всем.
I try to be very patient with some stupid guys in the street. — Я стараюсь быть очень терпеливым по отношению к некоторым тупым парням на улице.

4А. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense. — Поставьте глаголы в скобках в корректную форму.

Ответ:

Hi Jane,

I 0) am writing to thank you for the lovely card and flowers you 1) sent me last week when I was ill. It was very kind of you and they arrived just when I 2) was feeling very low so they really 3) cheered me up. I’m much better now and I 4) have already been back at school for a couple of days. I have an awful lot of schoolwork. I 5) have never been so busy. For the last two nights, I 6) have been studying until midnight to try and catch up. Anyway, thanks again.

Love, Claire

Привет Джейн,

Пишу, чтобы поблагодарить тебя за прелестную открытку и цветы, которые ты мне послала на прошлой неделе, когда я болела. Это было так мило с твоей стороны, они прибыли, когда я чувствовала себя подавленной, и действительно меня подбодрили. Сейчас мне намного лучше, и я уже вернулась в школу пару дней назад. У меня полно школьных заданий. Я никогда еще не была так загружена. Последние два вечера я училась до полуночи, пытаясь нагнать. В любом случае, еще раз спасибо тебе.

С любовью, Клэр.

4B. Work in pairs. Take the roles of Jane and Claire. Use the text in Ex. 4a to act out their telephone conversation. — Поработайте в парах. Распределите роли Джейн и Клэр. Используйте текст из упражнения 4, чтобы разыграть их телефонный разговор.

Можно ответить так:

Jane: Hi Claire. It’s Jane, how are you? — Привет, Клэр. Это Джейн, как дела?
Claire: Hi Jane. I feel much better, thank you. — Привет, Джейн. Чувствую себя намного лучше, спасибо.
Jane: I’m just calling to check with you if I could help you with something. — Я просто звоню, чтобы выяснить, могу ли я тебе чем-нибудь помочь.
Claire: Oh, it’s very kind of you. You’ve already helped me very much. The flowers and the lovely card you sent me last week were really helpful. They cheered me up when I was feeling very low. — О, ты очень добра. Ты уже мне сильно помогла. Цветы и милая открытка, которые ты послала мне на прошлой неделе, были очень полезны. Они поддержали меня, когда я чувствовала себя подавленной.
Jane: I was really worried about you. It was the least that I could do. — Я очень о тебе беспокоилась. Это было наименьшее, что я могла сделать.
Claire: Anyway, I have been back at school for a couple of days. — В любом случае, я уже пару дней как вернулась в школу.
Jane: Really? You must have a lot of schoolwork. — Правда? У тебя должно быть полно школьных заданий.
Claire: Yes. I have never been so busy. For the last two nights, I have been studying until midnight to try catching up. — Да. Я еще никогда не была так сильно загружена. Последние два вечера я училась до полуночи, пытаясь нагнать отставание.
Jane: I see. I could help you with the schoolwork if you don’t mind. — Понятно. Я могла бы тебе помочь со школьными заданиями, если ты не возражаешь.
Clair: Oh dear. I’m so grateful to you. It would be just what I need. — О, боже. Я так тебе благодарна. Это было бы то, что нужно.
Jane: Good, call me when I can come to you and help with your schoolwork. — Хорошо, позвони мне, когда я могу прийти к тебе и помочь с заданиями.
Claire: Ok. I think tomorrow evening will be good. But I’ll call you anyway. Bye. — Хорошо. Думаю, завтра вечером было бы неплохо. Но я в любом случае позвоню. Пока.
Jane: See you soon. — Скоро увидимся.

Источник

Консультации по учебе, на самой крупной бирже
студенческих работ !

Ответы на Тесты по Английскому языку для всех курсов ПОЛИТЕХ (СПБСТУ) ИММИТ ИЭИТС ИСИ ИКНТ ИФНИТ ИПМЭИТ …

Наилучшим решением для поиска задачи является ввод 2-3 первых слов условия задачи !!!

lonely
Выберите один ответ:
a.adjective¥
b. adverb ...

lonely
Выберите один ответ:
a.adjective¥
b. adverb

Choose the suitable answer.
The engineers reported that it was too early to determine what might have caused the catastrophic
collapse of more than ...

Choose the suitable answer.
The engineers reported that it was too early to determine what might have caused the catastrophic
collapse of more than 100 metres of the multi-span, cable-stayed suspension bridge thaw had been/was completed
just over 50 years before.

The assessment of load capacity requires the calculation of stresses and strains developed within a mechanical member.
Выберите один ответ:
Верно
Неверно

According to the experts, Chinese might outrun English in many spheres and become a global language.
Выберите один ответ:
a. false
ео р. true
с. not given

We dinner at a nice restaurant on Saturday, but we have»t booked a table yet. (to
have)
Ответ: are going to have

Palaeontologists in New Mexico 1) _ have unearthed (unearth) the remains of at least on dinosaur from the
late Jurassic period. The palacontologists, from Canada, 2) _ have been digging (dig) in a formerly
unexplored part of the Morrison Formation — a vast fossil bed — for the last eight months. Early last week one of the
group 3) found (find) а section of rock which 4) contained (contain) a number of bones from
one, or possibly more, large herbivorous dinosaurs. Since then, the group 5) Ваз been trying (ry) to
release the bones from the rock and piece then together. the palaeontologists believe that the bones may form a whole
dinosaur family. It is possible that the whole family 6) _ perished (perish) while trying to protect the young
from predators.
According to Bryce Larson, the group»s leader, the bones are from a large brachiosaurus. These animals 7)
existed, (exist) approximately 150 million years ago and are counted amongst the largest dinosaurs that ever
walked (walk) the Earth. Other brachiosaurus remains 9) have been found (find) in the
Morrison, but these latest bones are very large and may prove to come from the largest dinosaurs anyone 10)
has discovered (discover) to date.
For a long time, the Morrison Formation 11) Ваз been (be) one of the most productive fossil beds in the
world. Since the first bones 12) were found (find) there in 1877, it 13) has produced (produce)
tonnes of material. The Morrison, more than any other fossil bed, 14) I Ваз allowed (allow) us an insight into
the Jurassic period in North America. It seems that the latest find could reveal even more about the giants of the
Jurassic.

On Sunday at 8 o»clock I my friend. (to meet)
Ответ: am meeting

By 6 o»clock the rain hadn»t stopped.
Выберите один ответ:
а. Дождь не перестал идти после 6 часов.
b. В 6 часов дождь не перестал идти.
с. Кбчасам дождь не перестал идти.

I didn"t go to the party.”
She told me that she had not gone v tothe party. ...

I didn»t go to the party.”
She told me that she had not gone v tothe party.

Choose the correct option.
You"ll never get better if you don"t eat. You"ve touched your dinner!
Выберите один ответ:
а. hardly
b. hard ...

Choose the correct option.
You»ll never get better if you don»t eat. You»ve touched your dinner!
Выберите один ответ:
а. hardly
b. hard

Listen to the recording and put the topics covered in this extract into the
correct order.
0:00 / 0:00
и Distribution of precipitation over the State of California
2 The description of the water storage and distribution system
В The need to reduce water demand
и Water-related problems т farming regions of California
5 Legal approach to handling the problem of water distribution and storage
6 Future actions that must be taken to improve water management

Match the words with their meanings.
Money that is given to someone to thank them for doing something.
A group of criminals who work together;
People who try to find out about a crime or accident as part of their job;
A surprise attack on a bank or shop to steal things;
Money in the form of coins and notes;
People who see a crime or accident and can say what happened;
reward
gang
investigators
raid
cash
witnesses
o
a
$
$
$

The main idea of paragraph С is
Выберите один ответ:
a. only our behavior can express our personality
р. our biological and social traits make us behave in specific ways
c. people act differently in similar situations

The continuous infinitive refers to the same time as that of the preceding verb and expresses an action in progress
or happening over a period of time.
Выберите один ответ:
Верно
Неверно

1. Trends can be _ traced back over the centuries.
2. Trends are a bit slower paced but represent something that occurs on a тисВ wider scale
than a fad.
3. The identified megatrends of today are an aging population, globalization,
increasing technological change , urbanization, prosperity, increased network speed,
and just the speed of everyday life.
4. They want an instant solution in the era of instant everything because they»re either not
interested in fashion and style or they don»t have time to think about it.
5. A fad is something that quickly gains т popularity.
6. Everyone working in the fashion industry needs _ to be aware of social and cultural
movements.
7. Fashion designers are _ often influenced by «high culture».
8. Celebrities are role models for many people, so fashion companies try to persuade them to
use their products.

Use the words in brackets to complete the abstract.
Scientists use both meteorological (meteorology) methods and historical records for
determination (determine) of the greatest amount of precipitation which is _ theoretically
(theory) possible within a region. The historical data consists of point precipitation amounts measured at rain gages
throughout the region being studied, or a region with very similar topographic characteristics. These rainfall data are
subsequently (subsequent) maximized through «moisture maximization» and other numerical methods.
Moisture maximization is a process in which the maximum possible atmospheric moisture for a region is applied to
rainfall data from a historic storm. This process increases the rainfall depths (deep), bringing them closer
to their potential maximum.

They hadn»t been staying at the hotel since May.
Выберите один ответ:
а. Они не жили в отеле весь май.
В. Они не жили в отеле с мая.

Match the expressions with their meanings.
work-life balance
workstation
time management
time-consuming
spend time
how much time you spend at work and home
the place in an office where a person works, especially with a computer
organizing your time effectively
taking up a lot of time
use or pass time doing a particular thing
o
%
o

Mammoth TBMs
Types of TBMs
The first tunneling phase
Ring building phase
Excavation phase
Various TBMs for London underground infrastructure ...

Mammoth TBMs
Types of TBMs
The first tunneling phase
Ring building phase
Excavation phase
Various TBMs for London underground infrastructure

Building load includes the weight of the structure and everything that is inside the structure, аз well as people
moving into and out of the building.
Выберите один ответ:
Верно
Неверно

Источник

Rules for the use of much, many, few, little, a lot of and plenty of

Using much, many and a lot of

Much and many in statements

Synonyms of a lot of

The use of few, a few, little, a little

Other meanings of much, a lot, a little

Quantitative pronouns in English

Pronouns many and much

many — many (with countable nouns) much — many (with uncountable nouns)

Parameter words in English

The use of much and many

Parameter words

The use of much, many, few, little, a lot of, plenty

Many, few, a few with countable nouns

Much, little, a little with uncountable nouns

A lot of, plenty of — universal words

Features and exceptions

There are a lot of people

There is a lot of people

Similar expressions

A clear rule of thumb for using much-many in English. Usage examples, exercises with answers

Difference between many and much

Interrogative sentences

Negative sentences

Much / many exercises:

Replies

How to learn to use adjectives with countable and uncountable nouns correctly

General rules for the use of adjectives with nouns

Some / any

Much / many

Little / few

A lot of / lots of

A little bit of

Plenty of

Enough

No

Much / many. Rule of use in English

Affirmative sentences

There is / there are (there’s / there’re)

Denial

Question

Enjoy learning English online with Puzzle English for free

Countable and uncountable nouns

Many and much: the rule of thumb

Much and many. Usage rules

Rules for the use of many much a lot of

Drinking how much how many

Lesson 7. Words-parameters. The use of much and many

little, few

Ответы к странице 20

Консультации по учебе, на самой крупной бирже студенческих работ !

Ответы на Тесты по Английскому языку для всех курсов ПОЛИТЕХ (СПБСТУ) ИММИТ ИЭИТС ИСИ ИКНТ ИФНИТ ИПМЭИТ …

Наилучшим решением для поиска задачи является ввод 2-3 первых слов условия задачи !!!

many — many (with countable nouns)
much — many (with uncountable nouns)

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студенческих работ !