The word clutch as used in

Другие языки

сцепление, муфта, выводок, хвататься, схватить, зажать, надежный

существительное ↓

глагол ↓

прилагательное ↓

Словосочетания

the fell clutch of circumstances — жестокая сила обстоятельств  
to come through in the clutch — пройти через серьёзные испытания  
clutch is harsh — сцепление работает резко  
clutch slips — сцепление проскальзывает  
to disengage a clutch — выключать сцепление  
to catch / clutch / grasp at a / any straw — хвататься за соломинку  
clutch pedal clearance — свободный ход педали сцепления  
cantilever clutch-controlled — координатно-измерительная машина с горизонтальным рукавом  
automatic centrifugal clutch — автоматическое центробежное сцепление  
pressure circulated oil clutch — муфта с циркуляцией масла под давлением  

Примеры с переводом

Примеры, ожидающие перевода

Возможные однокоренные слова

clutchy  — волнующий, тревожный,

Формы слова

verb
I/you/we/they: clutch
he/she/it: clutches
ing ф. (present participle): clutching
2-я ф. (past tense): clutched
3-я ф. (past participle): clutched

noun
ед. ч.(singular): clutch
мн. ч.(plural): clutches

English[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /klʌt͡ʃ/
• Rhymes: -ʌtʃ

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle English clucchen, clicchen, cluchen, clechen, cleken, from Old English clyċċan (“to clutch, clench”), from Proto-Germanic *klukjaną, from Proto-Germanic *klu- (“to ball up, conglomerate, amass”), from Proto-Indo-European *glew- (“to ball up; lump, mass”).
Cognate with Swedish klyka (“clamp, fork, branch”). The noun is from Middle English cleche, cloche, cloke («claw, talon, hand»; compare Scots cleuk, cluke, cluik (“claw, talon”)), of uncertain origin, with the form probably assimilated to the verb.

Alternative etymology derives Old English clyċċan from Proto-Germanic *klēk- (“claw, hand”), from Proto-Indo-European *glēk-, *ǵlēḱ- (“claw, hand; to clutch, snatch”). If so, then cognate with Irish glac (“hand”).

Alternative forms[edit]

• cletch, clitch, cleach (dialectal)
• cleak, cleek, cleik, click (dialectal)
• clouch (obsolete)

Verb[edit]

clutch (third-person singular simple present clutches, present participle clutching, simple past and past participle clutched)

1. To seize, as though with claws. [from 14th c.]

   to clutch power

   • a. 1700, Jeremy Collier, A Thought

     A man may set the poles together in his head, and clutch the whole globe at one intellectual grasp.

   • c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i], page 136, column 1:

     Is this a Dagger, which I ſee before me, […] ? / Come, let me clutch thee: / I haue thee not, and yet I ſee thee ſtill.

2. To grip or grasp tightly. [from 17th c.]

   She clutched her purse tightly and walked nervously into the building.

   Synonyms: clasp, grasp, grip; see also Thesaurus:grasp

   • c. 1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii], page 8, column 1:

     Not that I haue the power to clutch my hand,

3. (video games) To win in a 1vX (one versus X) situation.
   • For quotations using this term, see Citations:clutch.
4. (video games, by extension) To unexpectedly or luckily succeed in a difficult activity.

Derived terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

Noun[edit]

clutch (plural clutches)

1. The claw of a predatory animal or bird. [from 13th c.]
2. (by extension) A grip, especially one seen as rapacious or evil. [from 16th c.]

   • 1676, Ed[ward] Stillingfleet, “An Answer to T[homas] G[odden]’s Charge of Contradictions, Paradoxes, Reproach of the Second Council of Nice, School Disputes; and to His Parallel Instances”, in A Discourse Concerning the Idolatry Practised in the Church of Rome, […], London: […] Robert White for Henry Mortlock […], →OCLC, part II (Being a Particular Defence of the Charge of Idolatry against the Church of Rome in the Worship of Images), page 786:

     I muſt have great leiſure, and little care of my ſelf, if I ever more come near the Clutches of ſuch a Giant, who ſeems to write with a Beetle inſtead of a Pen; […]

   • 1785, William Cowper, “Book V. The Winter Morning Walk.”, in The Task, a Poem, […], London: […] J[oseph] Johnson; […], →OCLC, page 197:

     Should when he pleaſes, and on whom he will / Wage war, with any or with no pretence / Of provocation, giv’n or wrong ſuſtained, / And force the beggarly laſt doit, by means / That his own humour dictates, from the clutch / Of poverty, that thus he may procure / His thouſands weary of penurious life / A ſplendid opportunity to die?

   • 1831, Thomas Carlyle, chapter III, in Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdröckh. […], London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, book first, page 12:

     The more cunning heads thought it was all an expiring clutch at popularity, on the part of a Minister, whom domestic embarrassments, court intrigues, old age, and dropsy soon afterward finally drove from the helm.

   • 1919, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, chapter LVII, in The Moon and Sixpence, [New York, N.Y.]: Grosset & Dunlap Publishers […], →OCLC, page 303:

     You scold yourself; you know it is only your nerves—and yet, and yet … In a little while, it is impossible to resist the terror that seizes you, and you are helpless in the clutch of an unseen horror.

3. A device to interrupt power transmission, commonly used to separate the engine and gearbox in a car. [from 19th c.]

   Hyponyms: centrifugal clutch, dog clutch, friction clutch

4. The pedal in a car that disengages power and torque transmission from the engine (through the drivetrain) to the drive wheels.
5. Any device for gripping an object, as at the end of a chain or tackle.
6. A fastener that attaches to the back of a tack pin to secure an accessory to clothing. (See Clutch (pin fastener).)
7. A small handbag or purse with no straps or handle.

   Synonym: clutch bag

   • 1898, J. Meade Falkner, chapter 4, in Moonfleet, London; Toronto, Ont.: Jonathan Cape, published 1934:

     The clutch which I had made to save myself in falling had torn away from this chin-band and let the lower jaw drop on the breast, but little else was disturbed, and there was Colonel John Mohune resting as he had been laid out a century ago.

Derived terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Variant form of cletch, from Middle English cleken (“to hatch”), perhaps from Old Norse klekja (“to hatch”).

Noun[edit]

clutch (plural clutches) (collective)

1. A brood of chickens or a sitting of eggs. [from 18th c.]

   • 1976, Richard Dawkins, The Selfish Gene, Kindle edition, OUP Oxford, published 2016, page 82:

     For instance, baby chicks influence their mother’s behaviour by giving high piercing cheeps when they are lost or cold. This usually has the immediate effect of summoning the mother, who leads the chick back to the main clutch.

2. A group or bunch (of people or things). [from 20th c.]

   • 2012 September 22, “Innovation in Government: Britain’s Local Labs”, in The Economist‎^[1]:

     No longer would Britons routinely blame the national government when things went wrong. Instead they would demand action from a new clutch of elected mayors, police commissioners and the like.

   • 2021 February 3, Drachinifel, Guadalcanal Campaign — Santa Cruz (IJN 2 : 2 USN)‎^[2], archived from the original on 4 December 2022, 15:30 from the start:

     And, so, although the Zeros knocked out four dive bombers (two of them permanently and two forced to abort), the other eleven made it to a position above Shōkaku, which pulled a neat evasive turn that sent the first clutch of thousand-pound bombs into the sea.

Derived terms[edit]

• clutch initiation
• subclutch

Translations[edit]

Verb[edit]

clutch (third-person singular simple present clutches, present participle clutching, simple past and past participle clutched)

1. (transitive) To hatch.

Etymology 3[edit]

Unknown; possibly analagous to clinch, pinch, which have similar senses.

Noun[edit]

clutch (plural clutches)

1. (US) An important or critical situation.

   • 1951 October 8, LIFE, page 48:

     And when it came to the clutch, Johnny Mize, who was washed up five years ago, would crack out a pinch double, or Mickey Mantle, who is not yet ready for the big leagues, would slam out a home run.

   • 1985 June 1, Johannes Telesaar, “Camarillo Loses in the 4-A Final by a Foot at First”, in Los Angeles Times‎^[3]:

     He is the player who has come through so often in the clutch during his days at Camarillo.

   • 2013 May 14, Comeback: The Fall & Rise of the American Automobile Industry‎^[4], Simon and Schuster, →ISBN:

     Stempel came through in the clutch again. GM’s across-the-board launch of the catalytic converter was a coup that left Ford and Chrysler gaspind in the dust.

   • 2016 May 1, Frank Bruni, “Jodie Foster Is Still Afraid of Failure”, in The New York Times‎^[5]:

     But not just strong women: women who don’t turn to a man in the clutch; women whose strength is inseparable from the walls they’ve built around themselves.

2. A difficult maneuver

Translations[edit]

Adjective[edit]

clutch (comparative more clutch, superlative most clutch)

1. (US, Canada) Performing or tending to perform well in difficult, high-pressure situations.

   • 2006, Bryan Hogan, Three Days for Goodbye‎^{[books.google.com/books?isbn=0595380379]}, page 19:

     NC State made the most of their overtime possession scoring a touchdown on some very clutch plays.

   • 2009, Scott Trocchia, The 2006 Yankees: The Frustration of a Nation, A Fan’s Perspective, page 21:

     I start with his most obvious characteristic: he was clutch. He is Mr. Clutch. In the last chapter I mentioned that Bernie Williams was clutch, which was a valid assessment, but nobody on the Yankees was as clutch as Jeter was.

   • 2009, Mark Stewart, Clutch Performers, →ISBN, page 34:

     It doesn’t get more clutch than that!

Derived terms[edit]

• clutch artist
• clutch hitter

References[edit]

• clutch at OneLook Dictionary Search
• “clutch”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

Anagrams[edit]

• cultch

Norwegian Bokmål[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

• kløtsj

Etymology[edit]

From English clutch.

Noun[edit]

clutch m (definite singular clutchen, indefinite plural clutcher, definite plural clutchene)

1. a clutch (device between engine and gearbox)
2. clutch pedal

   trå in clutchen — step on the clutch

Synonyms[edit]

• kobling
• kopling

References[edit]

• “clutch” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

• kløtsj

Etymology[edit]

From English clutch.

Noun[edit]

clutch m (definite singular clutchen, indefinite plural clutchar, definite plural clutchane)

1. a clutch (device between engine and gearbox)
2. (short form of) clutch pedal (as in English)

Synonyms[edit]

• kopling

References[edit]

• “clutch” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Spanish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

• IPA^(key): /ˈklot͡ʃ/ [ˈklot͡ʃ]
• Rhymes: -otʃ

Noun[edit]

clutch m (plural clutches)

1. Alternative form of cloche

Do you know the definition of clutch? This article will provide you with all of the information you need on the word clutch, including its definition, etymology, usage, example sentences, and more!

• 1
  clutch
  
  

  Ⅰ

  clutch [klʌtʃ]

  1) сжа́тие; захва́т;

  to make a clutch at smth. схвати́ть что-л.

  3) власть, тиски́;

  4)

  тех.

  зажи́мное устро́йство; му́фта, сцепле́ние;

  2.

  v

  схвати́ть; зажа́ть; ухвати́ть(ся)

  Ⅱ

  clutch [klʌtʃ]

  1) я́йца, на кото́рых сиди́т ку́рица

  2) вы́водок

  Англо-русский словарь Мюллера > clutch

• 2
  clutch
  
  

  Англо-русский словарь по гражданской авиации > clutch

• 3
  clutch at
  
  

  Англо-русский словарь Мюллера > clutch at

• 4
  clutch
  
  

  CLUTCH, CLUTCH AT – см. catch

  Difficulties of the English language (lexical reference) English-Russian dictionary > clutch

• 5
  clutch
  
  

  clutch 1. кладка яиц; 2. выводок; высиживать (цыплят) ; 3. гнездо с яйцами; 4. лапа с выпущенными когтями

  English-Russian dictionary of biology and biotechnology > clutch

• 6
  clutch to
  
  

  Англо-русский словарь Мюллера > clutch to

• 7
  clutch
  
  

  clutch

  n

  муфта сцепления; замковое соединение ()

  Англо-русский строительный словарь. — М.: Русский Язык.
  .
  1995.

  Англо-русский словарь строительных терминов > clutch

• 8
  clutch at
  
  

  • clutch at something
  to grab at something
  ухватиться за что-то

  The little girl clutched at her mother’s arm. She clutched at the opportunity to get a job with that company.

  English-Russian mini useful dictionary > clutch at

• 9
  clutch
  
  

  Персональный Сократ > clutch

• 10
  clutch
  
  

  Англо-русский словарь по машиностроению > clutch

• 11
  clutch
  
  

  Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > clutch

• 12
  clutch
  
  

  English-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > clutch

• 13
  clutch
  
  

  Англо-русский технический словарь > clutch

• 14
  clutch
  
  

  Англо-русский словарь нефтегазовой промышленности > clutch

• 15
  clutch
  
  

  English-russian automobile dictionary > clutch

• 16
  clutch
  
  

  4)

  авто

  муфта сцепления || включать сцепление

  •

  English-Russian scientific dictionary > clutch

• 17
  clutch
  
  

  1. n когти; лапа с выпущенными когтями

  2. n рука, лапа

  3. n сжатие, захват, хватка

  4. n власть; тиски; лапы, руки

  5. n тех. сцепление, муфта

  6. n тех. зажимное устройство; сцепка; захват

  7. n тех. кулачок

  8. a без ручки, без ремня

  clutch bag — сумочка, которую нужно держать в руке или подмышкой

  9. a без застёжек

  10. a амер. разг. надёжный

  11. v схватить, стиснуть; зажать

  12. v схватиться, ухватиться

  13. n гнездо с яйцами

  14. n выводок

  15. n группа людей

  16. n скопление животных, скопище однородных предметов

  17. v высиживать

  18. n сл. подонок, мерзавец

  19. v прост. оцепенеть; перестать соображать

  Синонимический ряд:

  2. catch (noun) capture; catch; grab; seizure; snatch

  3. drive train coupling (noun) automotive coupling; clutch pedal; connection; coupling; drive train coupling; friction clutch; pressure plate; stick shift; transmission

  4. group (noun) array; batch; battery; body; bunch; bundle; clot; clump; cluster; collection; group; knot; lot; parcel; passel; platoon; set; sort; suite

  5. hold (noun) clamp; clasp; clench; clinch; embrace; grapple; grasp; grip; gripe; handle; hold; tenure

  6. grab (verb) catch; clasp; clench; grab; grapple; grasp; grip; hang on; hold tight; nab; seize; snag; snatch; squeeze; take

  Антонимический ряд:

  English-Russian base dictionary > clutch

• 18
  clutch
  
  

  сцепление
  имя существительное:

  глагол:

  имя прилагательное:

  Англо-русский синонимический словарь > clutch

• 19
  clutch
  
  

  [̈ɪklʌtʃ]

  clutch власть, тиски; to get into the clutches of moneylenders попасть во власть (или в лапы) ростовщиков clutch выводок clutch высиживать (цыплят) clutch тех. зажимное устройство; муфта, сцепление; to throw in (out) the clutch сцепить (разобщить) муфту, сцепление clutch pl когти, лапы clutch сжатие; захват; to make a clutch (at smth.) схватить (что-л.) clutch схватить; зажать; ухватить(ся); to clutch at a straw хвататься за соломинку clutch яйца, на которых сидит курица clutch схватить; зажать; ухватить(ся); to clutch at a straw хвататься за соломинку clutch власть, тиски; to get into the clutches of moneylenders попасть во власть (или в лапы) ростовщиков clutch сжатие; захват; to make a clutch (at smth.) схватить (что-л.) clutch тех. зажимное устройство; муфта, сцепление; to throw in (out) the clutch сцепить (разобщить) муфту, сцепление

  English-Russian short dictionary > clutch

• 20
  clutch
  
  

  I

  1. 1)

  когти; лапа с выпущенными когтями

  in the bear’s clutches — в лапах у медведя, в медвежьих когтях

  2) рука, лапа

  2. 1) сжатие, захват, хватка

  he lost his clutch on the rope and fell — у него разжались пальцы, и он упал /сорвался/ с каната

  2) власть; тиски; лапы, руки

  to get /to fall/ into smb.’s clutches — попасть в чьи-л. когти

  to get out of smb.’s clutches — вырваться из чьих-л. когтей

  he seems to be at his best in the clutch — в острые моменты он всегда показывает себя с наилучшей стороны

  1) сцепление, муфта

  to throw in [out] the clutch — включить /выключить/ сцепление /муфту/

  clutch facing — накладка /фрикционная облицовка/ сцепления

  2) зажимное устройство; сцепка; захват

  3) кулачок

  1. без ручки, без ремня

  clutch bag /purse/ — сумочка, которую нужно держать в руке подмышкой

  2. без застёжек

  3.

  разг. надёжный; ≅ выручит в трудную минуту

  a clutch player — игрок, на которого можно положиться

  1) схватить, стиснуть; зажать

  2) схватиться, ухватиться

  a drowning man will clutch at a straw — утопающий (и) за соломинку хватается

  II

  1. 1) гнездо с яйцами

  2) выводок

  2. 1) группа людей

  2) скопление животных, скопище однородных предметов

  II
  [klʌtʃ]

  сл.

  подонок, мерзавец

  IV
  [klʌtʃ]

  прост.

  оцепенеть (); перестать соображать ( clutch up)

  НБАРС > clutch

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A clutch is a mechanical device that allows the output shaft to be disconnected from the rotating input shaft.^[1] The clutch’s input shaft is typically attached to a motor, while the clutch’s output shaft is connected to the mechanism that does the work.

In a motor vehicle, the clutch acts as a mechanical linkage between the engine and transmission. By disengaging the clutch, the engine speed (RPM) is no longer determined by the speed of the driven wheels.

Another example of clutch usage is in electric drills.^[2] The clutch’s input shaft is driven by a motor and the output shaft is connected to the drill bit (via several intermediate components). The clutch allows the drill bit to either spin at the same speed as the motor (clutch engaged), spin at a lower speed as the motor (clutch slipping) or remain stationary while the motor is spinning (clutch disengaged).

Types[edit]

Dry clutch[edit]

A dry clutch uses dry friction to transfer power from the input shaft to the output shaft, for example a friction disk pressing on a car engine’s flywheel. The majority of clutches are dry clutches, especially in vehicles with manual transmissions. Slippage of a friction clutch (where the clutch is partially engaged but the shafts are rotating at different speeds) is sometimes required, such as when a motor vehicle accelerates from a standstill; however the slippage should be minimised to avoid increased wear rates.

In a pull-type clutch, pressing the pedal pulls the release bearing to disengage the clutch. In a push-type clutch, pressing the pedal pushes the release bearing to disengage the clutch.

A multi-plate clutch consists of several friction plates arranged concentrically. In some cases, it is used instead of a larger diameter clutch. Drag racing cars use multi-plate clutches to control the rate of power transfer to the wheels as the vehicle accelerates from a standing start.

Some clutch disks include springs designed to change the natural frequency of the clutch disc, in order to reduce NVH within the vehicle. Also, some clutches for manual transmission cars use a clutch delay valve to avoid abrupt engagements of the clutch.

Wet clutch[edit]

In a wet clutch, the friction material sits in an oil bath (or has flow-through oil) which cools and lubricates the clutch. This can provide smoother engagement and a longer lifespan of the clutch, however wet clutches can have a lower efficiency due to some energy being transferred to the oil. Since the surfaces of a wet clutch can be slippery (as with a motorcycle clutch bathed in engine oil), stacking multiple clutch discs can compensate for the lower coefficient of friction and so eliminate slippage under power when fully engaged.

Wet clutches often use a composite paper material.^{[citation needed]}

Centrifugal clutch[edit]

A centrifugal clutch automatically engages as the speed of the input shaft increases and disengages as the input shaft speed decreases. Applications include small motorcycles, motor scooters, chainsaws, and some older automobiles.

Cone clutch[edit]

A cone clutch is similar to dry friction plate clutch, except the friction material is applied to the outside of a conical shaped object.
A common application for cone clutches is the synchronizer ring in a manual transmission.

Dog clutch[edit]

A dog clutch is a non-slip design of clutch which is used in non-synchronous transmissions.

Single-revolution clutch[edit]

The single-revolution clutch was developed in the 19th century to power machinery such as shears or presses where a single pull of the operating lever or (later) press of a button would trip the mechanism, engaging the clutch between the power source and the machine’s crankshaft for exactly one revolution before disengaging the clutch. When the clutch is disengaged, the driven member is stationary. Early designs were typically dog clutches with a cam on the driven member used to disengage the dogs at the appropriate point.^[3][4]

Greatly simplified single-revolution clutches were developed in the 20th century, requiring much smaller operating forces and in some variations, allowing for a fixed fraction of a revolution per operation.^[5] Fast action friction clutches replaced dog clutches in some applications, eliminating the problem of impact loading on the dogs every time the clutch engaged.^[6][7]

In addition to their use in heavy manufacturing equipment, single-revolution clutches were applied to numerous small machines. In tabulating machines, for example, pressing the operate key would trip a single revolution clutch to process the most recently entered number.^[8] In typesetting machines, pressing any key selected a particular character and also engaged a single rotation clutch to cycle the mechanism to typeset that character.^[9] Similarly, in teleprinters, the receipt of each character tripped a single-revolution clutch to operate one cycle of the print mechanism.^[10]

In 1928, Frederick G. Creed developed a single-turn spring clutch (see above) that was particularly well suited to the repetitive start-stop action required in teleprinters.^[11] In 1942, two employees of Pitney Bowes Postage Meter Company developed an improved single turn spring clutch.^[12] In these clutches, a coil spring is wrapped around the driven shaft and held in an expanded configuration by the trip lever. When tripped, the spring rapidly contracts around the power shaft engaging the clutch. At the end of one revolution, if the trip lever has been reset, it catches the end of the spring (or a pawl attached to it), and the angular momentum of the driven member releases the tension on the spring. These clutches have long operating lives—many have performed tens and perhaps hundreds of millions of cycles without the need of maintenance other than occasional lubrication.

Cascaded-pawl single-revolution clutches superseded wrap-spring single-revolution clutches in page printers, such as teleprinters, including the Teletype Model 28 and its successors, using the same design principles. IBM Selectric typewriters also used them. These are typically disc-shaped assemblies mounted on the driven shaft. Inside the hollow disc-shaped drive drum are two or three freely floating pawls arranged so that when the clutch is tripped, the pawls spring outward much like the shoes in a drum brake. When engaged, the load torque on each pawl transfers to the others to keep them engaged. These clutches do not slip once locked up, and they engage very quickly, on the order of milliseconds. A trip projection extends out from the assembly. If the trip lever engaged this projection, the clutch was disengaged. When the trip lever releases this projection, internal springs and friction engage the clutch. The clutch then rotates one or more turns, stopping when the trip lever again engages the trip projection.

Other designs[edit]

• Kickback clutch-brakes: Found in some types of synchronous-motor-driven electric clocks built before the 1940s, to prevent the clock from running backwards. The clutch consisted of a wrap-spring clutch-brake that was coupled to the rotor by one or two stages of reduction gearing. The clutch-brake locked up when rotated backwards, but also had some spring action. The inertia of the rotor going backwards engaged the clutch and wound the spring. As it unwound, it restarted the motor in the correct direction.
• Belt clutch: used on agricultural equipment, lawnmowers, tillers, and snow blowers. Engine power is transmitted via a set of belts that are slack when the engine is idling, but an idler pulley can tighten the belts to increase friction between the belts and the pulleys.
• BMA clutch: Invented by Waldo J Kelleigh in 1949,^[13] used for transmitting torque between two shafts consisting of a fixed driving member secured to one of said shafts, and a movable driving member, having a contacting surface with a plurality of indentations.
• Electromagnetic clutch: typically engaged by an electromagnet that is an integral part of the clutch assembly. Another type, the magnetic particle clutch, contains magnetically influenced particles in a chamber between driving and driven members—application of direct current makes the particles clump together and adhere to the operating surfaces. Engagement and slippage are notably smooth.
• Wrap-spring clutch: has a helical spring, typically wound with square-cross-section wire. These were developed in the late 19th and early 20th-century.^[14][15] In simple form the spring is fastened at one end to the driven member; its other end is unattached. The spring fits closely around a cylindrical driving member. If the driving member rotates in the direction that would unwind the spring expands minutely and slips although with some drag. Because of this, spring clutches must typically be lubricated with light oil. Rotating the driving member the other way makes the spring wrap itself tightly around the driving surface and the clutch locks up very quickly. The torque required to make a spring clutch slip grows exponentially with the number of turns in the spring, obeying the capstan equation.

Usage in automobiles[edit]

Manual transmissions[edit]

Most cars and trucks with a manual transmission use a dry clutch, which is operated by the driver using the left-most pedal. The motion of the pedal is transferred to the clutch using hydraulics (master and slave cylinders) or a cable. The clutch is only disengaged at times when the driver is pressing on the clutch pedal, therefore the default state is for the transmission to be connected to the engine. A «neutral» gear position is provided, so that the clutch pedal can be released with the vehicle remaining stationary.

The clutch is required for standing starts and is usually (but not always) used to assist in synchronising the speeds of the engine and transmission during gear changes, i.e. while reducing the engine speed (RPM) during upshifts and increasing the engine speed during downshifts.

The clutch is usually mounted directly to the face of the engine’s flywheel, as this already provides a convenient large-diameter steel disk that can act as one driving plate of the clutch. Some racing clutches use small multi-plate disk packs that are not part of the flywheel. Both clutch and flywheel are enclosed in a conical bellhousing for the gearbox. The friction material used for the clutch disk varies, with a common material being an organic compound resin with a copper wire facing or a ceramic material.^[16]

Automatic transmissions[edit]

In an automatic transmission, the role of the clutch is performed by a torque converter. However, the transmission itself often includes internal clutches, such as a lock-up clutch to prevent slippage of the torque converter, in order to reduce the energy loss through the transmission and therefore improve fuel economy.^[17]

Fans and compressors[edit]

Older belt-driven engine cooling fans often use a heat-activated clutch, in the form of a bimetallic strip. When the temperature is low, the spring winds and closes the valve, which lets the fan spin at about 20% to 30% of the crankshaft speed. As the temperature of the spring rises, it unwinds and opens the valve, allowing fluid past the valve, making the fan spin at about 60% to 90% of crankshaft speed.

A vehicle’s air-conditioning compressor often uses magnetic clutches to engage the compressor as required.

Usage in motorcycles[edit]

Motorcycles typically employ a wet clutch with the clutch riding in the same oil as the transmission. These clutches are usually made up of a stack of alternating friction plates and steel plates. The friction plates have lugs on their outer diameters that lock them into a basket that is turned by the crankshaft. The steel plates have lugs on their inner diameters that lock them to the transmission input shaft. A set of coil springs or a diaphragm spring plate force the plates together when the clutch is engaged.

On motorcycles the clutch is operated by a hand lever on the left handlebar. No pressure on the lever means that the clutch plates are engaged (driving), while pulling the lever back towards the rider disengages the clutch plates through cable or hydraulic actuation, allowing the rider to shift gears or coast. Racing motorcycles often use slipper clutches to eliminate the effects of engine braking, which, being applied only to the rear wheel, can cause instability.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Asked by: Ernestina Block

Score: 5/5
(9 votes)

1 : to grasp or hold with or as if with the hand or claws usually strongly, tightly, or suddenly He clutched his chest and appeared to be in pain.

Is clutch a slang word?

What does clutch mean? In slang, clutch refers to something done (well) in crucial situation, such as clutch play in sports that pushes a team into victory. More broadly, clutch can characterize something as “excellent” or “effective.”

Is clutch a English word?

Meaning of clutch in English. to take or try to take hold of something tightly, usually in fear, worry, or pain: Silent and pale, she clutched (onto) her mother’s hand. Clutching the money to his chest, he hurried to the bank.

What does it mean to call someone a clutch?

You might have heard the term “clutch” or “clutch player.” If someone comes through in the clutch, it means that they perform well at a critical moment. Time is about to run out, the team is down, and their season depends on getting a win.

What does clutch mean urban?

In slang, clutch refers to something done (well) in crucial situation, such as clutch play in sports that pushes a team into victory. … In slang, clutch refers to something done (well) in a crucial situation, such as a clutch play in sports that pushes a team into victory.

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