The origin of the word problem

• alcohol problem
• algorithmic problem
• Apollonian problem
• Archimedes’ problem
• behavior problem
• binding problem
• combination problem
• core problem
• decision problem
• drug problem
• fencepost problem
• fiscal problem
• halting problem
• Houston, we have a problem
• logic problem
• mathematical problem
• no problem
• problematic
• problematical
• problematize
• wicked problem

difficulty

schoolwork exercise

puzzling circumstance

• helseproblem
• hovedproblem
• problembarn
• rygproblem
• søvnproblem
• vægtproblem

• problematik
• problematis

• helseproblem
• hovedproblem
• problembarn
• ryggproblem
• søvnproblem
• vektproblem

• helseproblem
• problembarn
• ryggproblem
• søvnproblem
• vektproblem

• bezproblemowy
• problemowy

• bezproblemowo
• problemowo

• bezproblemowość
• problemowość

The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|sv|...}} or {{ant|sv|...}}.

• problematik
• problematisera
• problematisering
• problematisk
• problemavfall
• problembarn
• problembaserad
• problemdiktning
• problemdrama
• problemformulering
• problemfri
• problemfylld
• problemhärva
• probleminventering
• problemkomplex
• problemkredit
• problemlös
• problemlösare
• problemlösning
• problemområde
• problemorienterad
• problemsituation
• problemställning
• problemtyngd

Noun

Racism and sexism are major social problems.

The company is having financial problems.

He has chronic health problems.

The mechanic fixed the problem with the car.

There are a few problems with your argument.

We have to find a way to solve this problem.

She is bothered by family problems.

We didn’t have any problems getting here.

I have my own problems to deal with.

Mosquitoes are a problem in the summer.

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These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word ‘problem.’ Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Experimental approaches to solving unclear etymologies (region: South-East Europe) The process of Neolithization of (South-East) Europe expanded over several thousand years and was carried out by ethnically heterogeneous groups. In addition to the initial diffusion of cultural techniques, there followed extensive ethnic diffusions throughout Europe, which can be proved by applying methods of human genetics [Hervella et al. 2015: 2–3]. Several questions seem relevant with regard to new approaches used with the aim of solving difficult etymological problems arising in the previously mentioned region: Is it possible to identify certain ethnic groups as bearers of the Neolithic revolution, and does this provide evidence of the involvement of specific language families? Are there any unidentified cases of language contact in historical times to explain not-yet-clear etymologies? This short contribution advocates an extended perspective. The aim is to revitalize the discussion about unclear etymologies and to establish potential regularities. The Indo-European stratum is only one of several important strata, which is useful while trying to solve difficult etymologies. Approved and tried approaches should be expanded and completed by supplementary components. We try to outline this on short sketches from the (South-)East European vocabulary with disputable etymology. Key words: Macro-linguistic approach, Balkan peninsula, Romanian language, Slavic languages, Proto-North Caucasian languages, Afro-Asiatic languages, PreGreek substratum

В статье сообщаются некоторые небезынтересные для русской этимологии результаты совместного лексикографического проекта К. Л. Борисова и А. К. Шапошникова [Русско-санскритский сравнительный словарь]. В процессе состав-ления словаря, соавторы обнаружили много новых случаев санскритско-русских изоглосс, пропущенных или не получивших должного освещения компаративи-стами прошлого. Выявлены общие словообразовательные модели. Уточнены или пересмотрены этимологии некоторых русск. и санскр. слов. В некоторых случаях удалось реконструировать семантическую историю слов, наметить первичные зна-чения и проследить эволюцию семантики. Эти этимологические этюды охватыва-ют часть праславянского словника от S до Ž. The article reports some results, interesting for the Russian etymology, of the recent lexicographical project of C.L. Borissoff and A.C. Shaposhnikov [Russian-Sanskrit Dictionary of Common and Cognate Words], implemented in 2015–2016. In the process of compiling this dictionary, the co-authors found many new instances of Sanskrit-Russian isoglosses, which were in disregard by comparativists of the past. Some common word formation and derivation models were revealed. Etymologies for some Russian and Sanskrit words are updated or revised. In some cases it was possible to reconstruct the semantic history of words, to outline the primary meanings and to trace the evolution of semantics. These etymological sketches cover a part of Common Slavonic vocabulary from P to Ž.

The probable etymology of colours is considered.

Abstract The article proves the version of the origin of the Russian colloquial word mazurik from the name of polish ethnographic group Mazury – inhabitants of Mazovia (land in Central and South-Eastern Poland), as well as immigrants from this area to other areas, mainly in the North-East. This version was previously stated in the literature, but was not argued. The authors show that the word is included in big semantic word family derived from Mazur, recreated by nationwide and dialect facts. Using the data of the lexical system and folklore, the linguistic portrait of Mazur in the Russian tradition is reconstructed, which is compared with linguistic stereotype of Mazurs in source language (Polish) and languages of those peoples, who closely contacted with Mazurs (Ukrainian and Belarusian). The main features of these portraits are the same in these languages and they create a negative image of Mazur in the Slavic tradition, making “Polish” etymological version semantically legitimate. In addition, the authors prove this version from the point of view of word formation, linguogeography and sociolinguistic characteristics of studied words. It is noted that the derivatives of the word family derived from Mazur are attracted to the lexemes which have similar form and meaning but different origin, in particular, to derivatives of the verb mazat, words Murza and zamurzannyi. The article contains the commented overview of versions about the origin of Russian mazurik existing in Slavic etymological literature.

According to etymological dictionaries of Slavic languages there should not be any words of synesthetic sound symbolic origin (i.e. words with a direct linkage between their sound form and non-sound meaning) in these languages or their number should be very small. This fact, however, contradicts the typological assumption of primitiveness and universality of phonetically motivated words. This book discusses two main points of the etymological analysis of words of synesthetic sound symbolic origin: (1) how to recognize them and (2) how to define the groups of cognates between them in Slavic languages. In the identification of synesthetic sound-symbolic words reduplication is regarded as a most reliable criterion. If a series of words which convey the same non-sound meaning contain reduplicated clusters of sounds, they could be continuants of a synesthetic sound symbolic etymon. In discussing the possibilities of defining the groups of cognates between these words following points are emphasized. Since the relationship between the continuants of the same phonetically motivated etymon cannot be established by phonetic laws and the continuants of different sound-symbolic origin in different languages and dialects can have the same or similar phonetic forms and convey the same meaning, the groups of cognates between these words cannot be defined with much confidence. Since similar reduplicated forms can be created as synesthetic sound symbolic denominations of different meanings, the blending of synesthetic sound-symbolic groups of cognates is possible during their evolution. There exist parallel forms with full and partial reduplication, which convey the same meaning of synesthetic sound-symbolic origin. This fact supports the hypothesis that partial reduplication is historically nothing else but a reduction of full re-duplication.

On the Etymology of Some Words Specified as Vague in the Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language In the Etymological dictionary of the Ukrainian language, published by the National Academy of Sciences of the Ukraine, a single word is defined as one of sound symbolic origin, in spite of the fact that onomatopoeic words have been thoroughly investigated by modern linguistics and there are not any doubts about their existence. From this point of view, this dictionary does not differ much from other etymological dictionaries, which neglect onomatopoeia, too. At the same time, the dictionary specifies many items as words of uncertain origin. In many of them, however it is possible to point out reduplicated clusters of sounds. Moreover, there are several typologically parallel words that show reduplication and have the same meaning. This formal and semantic parallelism of the words allows making an assumption about their sound symbolic origin. The formal variation of the words as well as their semantic diversity supports this supposition.

В сборнике опубликованы статьи и материалы участников проекта «Лексический атлас русских народных говоров». В работах освещен широкий круг вопросов исследования диалектной лексики, семантики, структуры отдельных тематических групп и словообразования. Значительную часть книги составляют статьи по диалектной фразеологии, синонимии, истории слов и ономастике. Освещаются также практические вопросы картографирования и некоторые теоретические проблемы лингвогеографии. Сборник вносит вклад в теорию и практику лингвогеографических исследований и представляет интерес для широкого круга исследователей русского языка.

Сборник «Севернорусские говоры» — научное издание, посвященное проблемам диалектологии, а также межъязыковым и межэтническим контактам на Русском Севере, прежде всего контактам русско-прибалтийско-финским. Сборник является регулярным, выходит раз в год, издается с 1969 г. Межкафедральным словарным кабинетом им. проф. Б.А. Ларина филологического факультета Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета. Сборник продолжает традиции сборника «Слово в народных говорах Русского Севера», издававшегося под редакцией Б.А. Ларина.